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Chen L, Hu Y, Wang Z, Zhang L, Jian C, Cheng S, Ming D. Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on motor planning: a multimodal signal study. Cogn Neurodyn 2025; 19:35. [PMID: 39866662 PMCID: PMC11759740 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-025-10220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Motor planning plays a pivotal role in daily life. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been demonstrated to enhance decision-making efficiency, illustrating its potential use in cognitive modulation. However, current research primarily focuses on behavioral and single-modal electrophysiological signal, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG). To investigate the effect of taVNS on motor planning, a total of 21 subjects were recruited for this study and were divided into two groups: active group (n = 10) and sham group (n = 11). Each subject was required to be involved in a single-blind, sham-controlled, between-subject end-state comfort (ESC) experiment. The study compared behavioral indicators and electrophysiological features before and following taVNS. The results indicated a notable reduction in reaction time and an appreciable increase in the proportion of end-state comfort among the participants following taVNS, accompanied by notable alterations in motor-related cortical potential (MRCP) amplitude, low-frequency power of HRV (LF), and cortico-cardiac coherence, particularly in the parietal and occipital regions. These findings show that taVNS may impact the brain and heart, potentially enhancing their interaction, and improve participants' ability of motor planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300392 China
| | - Yihao Hu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Zhongpeng Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300392 China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300392 China
| | - Chuxiang Jian
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Shengcui Cheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300392 China
| | - Dong Ming
- College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin, 300392 China
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Opazo-Díaz E, Corral-Pérez J, Pérez-Bey A, Marín-Galindo A, Montes-de-Oca-García A, Rebollo-Ramos M, Velázquez-Díaz D, Casals C, Ponce-González JG. Is lean mass quantity or quality the determinant of maximal fat oxidation capacity? The potential mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2025; 22:2455011. [PMID: 39881476 PMCID: PMC11784066 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2025.2455011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired fat oxidation is linked to cardiometabolic risk. Maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) reflects metabolic flexibility and is influenced by lean mass, muscle strength, muscle quality - defined as the ratio of strength to mass - and cardiorespiratory fitness. The relationship between these factors and fat oxidation is not fully understood. The aim is to analyze the associations of lean-mass, muscle strength and quality with fat oxidation parameters in young adults, considering the mediating role of VO2max. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study. Eighty-one adults (50 males, 31 females; age 22.8 ± 4.4, BMI 25.70 ± 5.75, lean-mass 54.19 ± 8.78, fat-mass 18.66 ± 11.32) Body composition assessment by bioimpedance determine fat and lean-mass. Indirect calorimetry at rest and exercise was used for the calculation of fat oxidation. An incremental exercise protocol in a cycle ergometer with two consecutive phases was performed. The first to determine MFO consisted of 3 min steps of 15W increments with a cadence of 60rpm. The test was stopped when RQ ≥ 1. After 5 min rest, a phase to detect VO2max began with steps of 15W/min until exhaustion. Muscular strength was assessed by handgrip dynamometry and the standing longitudinal jump test. A strength cluster was calculated with handgrip and long jump adjusted by sex and age. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and mediation analyses. RESULTS Total lean-mass and leg lean-mass were not associated with MFO. Long jump, relativized by lean-mass and by leg lean-mass have a standardized indirect effect on MFO of 0.50, CI: 0.32-0.70, on MFO/lean-mass 0.43, CI:0.27-0.60 and MFO/leg lean-mass 0.44, CI: 0.30-0.06, which VO2max mediated, VO2max/lean-mass and VO2max/leg lean-mass, respectively (all p < 0.01). The handgrip/arm lean-mass had an indirect effect of 0.25 (CI: 0.12-0.38) on MFO/leg lean-mass, with VO2max/leg lean-mass as the mediator (p < 0.01). The Cluster/lean-mass and Cluster/Extremities lean-mass have a standardized indirect effect on MFO/lean-mass (0.34, CI: 0.20-0.48) and MFO/leg lean-mass (0.44, CI: 0.28-0.60), mediated by VO2max/lean-mass and VO2max/leg lean-mass (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Muscular strength and quality have an indirect effect on MFO mediated by VO2max. These findings suggest the importance of muscle quality on MFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Opazo-Díaz
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- University of Chile, Exercise Physiology Lab, Physical Therapy Department, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Corral-Pérez
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Bey
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- University of Cadiz, GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Marín-Galindo
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - María Rebollo-Ramos
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Daniel Velázquez-Díaz
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- Neuroscience Institute, Advent Health Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Cristina Casals
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jesús-Gustavo Ponce-González
- University of Cadiz, ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
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Baziliansky S, Sowan W. Exposure to warfare and demoralization: acute stress symptoms and disengaged coping as a mediators. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2025; 16:2449308. [PMID: 39801397 PMCID: PMC11731291 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2449308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Demoralization in the face of adversity is a common existential state. However, it has not been examined in reaction to warfare, and the mediators between the extent of exposure to war and demoralization in this context are also unknown.Objective: This study explored the associations of indirect exposure to war, acute stress symptoms, disengaged coping, and demoralization. Additionally, it examined the serial mediation of acute stress symptoms and disengaged coping in the relationship between indirect exposure to war and demoralization.Method: The survey was conducted 4 weeks after the 7 October war broke out and included 393 Israeli citizens (women and men, Jews and Arabs) indirectly affected by the threatening situation in Israel. Questionnaires measured acute stress symptoms, disengaged coping, and demoralization. War-related exposure and demographic data were collected.Results: The analysis revealed that the higher the indirect exposure to war, the higher the acute stress symptoms, use of disengaged coping, and demoralization. Additionally, individuals with acute stress disorder had higher demoralization. The serial mediation model showed partial mediation: acute stress symptoms and the use of disengaged coping mediated the relationships between indirect exposure to war and demoralization (although the direct association between the extent of exposure and demoralization remained significant).Conclusions: In the face of traumatic events, such as warfare, professionals should identify individuals with high levels of acute stress symptoms and provide help to reduce the use of disengaged coping and long-term negative consequences such as demoralization.
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Thanh Tung N, Lee YL, Liu WT, Lin YC, Chang JH, Xuan Thao HN, Ba Dung H, Viet Trung L, Phan Chung Thuy T, Thi Hien N, Tsai CY, Lo CC, Lo K, Ho KF, Chuang KJ, Chuang HC. Impact of PM 2.5, relative humidity, and temperature on sleep quality: a cross-sectional study in Taipei. Ann Med 2025; 57:2448733. [PMID: 39782744 PMCID: PMC11721938 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2448733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TWe investigated impacts of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), relative humidity (RH), and temperature on sleep stages and arousal. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional analysis involving 8,611 participants was conducted at a sleep center in Taipei. We estimated individual-level exposure to RH, temperature, and PM2.5 over 1-day, 7-day, and 30-day periods. Linear regression models assessed the relationship between these environmental factors and sleep parameters across different seasons. Mediation analysis was used to explore PM2.5, RH, and temperature roles in these relationships. RESULTS A 1% increase in RH over 1 and 7 days was associated with changes in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stages and increases in the arousal index across all seasons. A 1°C increase in temperature over similar periods led to increases in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. During cold season, changes in RH and temperature were linked to variations in arousal and NREM sleep stages. In hot season, RH and temperature increases were correlated with changes in NREM sleep stages and arousal. Across all groups, a 1-μg/m³ increase in PM2.5 levels was associated with alterations in NREM and REM sleep stages and increases in the arousal index. We found PM2.5 levels mediated relationships between RH, temperature, and various sleep stages, particularly in cold season. CONCLUSIONS Lower RH and temperature, contributing to deep sleep reduction and increased arousal, were influenced by elevated PM2.5 exposure, especially during colder months. Enhancing environmental quality and reducing PM2.5 levels may lead to improved sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Tung
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Te Liu
- Sleep Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chien Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huynh Nguyen Xuan Thao
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Ba Dung
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lam Viet Trung
- General Surgery Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Phan Chung Thuy
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hien
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Sleep Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Health, Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chen Lo
- Sleep Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang Lo
- Sleep Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Suárez-Suárez S, Cadaveira F, Barrós-Loscertales A, Pérez-García JM, Holguín SR, Blanco-Ramos J, Doallo S. Influence of binge drinking on the resting state functional connectivity of university Students: A follow-up study. Addict Behav Rep 2025; 21:100585. [PMID: 39898113 PMCID: PMC11787028 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Binge Drinking (BD) is characterized by consuming large amounts of alcohol on one occasion, posing risks to brain function. Nonetheless, it remains the most prevalent consumption pattern among students. Cross-sectional studies have explored the relationship between BD and anomalies in resting-state functional connectivity (RS-FC), but the medium/long-term consequences of BD on RS-FC during developmental periods remain relatively unexplored. In this two-year follow-up study, the impact of sustained BD on RS-FC was investigated in 44 college students (16 binge-drinkers) via two fMRI sessions at ages 18-19 and 20-21. Using a seed-to-voxel approach, RS-FC differences were examined in nodes of the main brain functional networks vulnerable to alcohol misuse, according to previous studies. Group differences in RS-FC were observed in four of the explored brain regions. Binge drinkers, compared to the control group, exhibited, at the second assessment, decreased connectivity between the right SFG (executive control network) and right precentral gyrus, the ACC (salience network) and right postcentral gyrus, and the left amygdala (emotional network) and medial frontal gyrus/dorsal ACC. Conversely, binge drinkers showed increased connectivity between the right Nacc (reward network) and four clusters comprising bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right middle cingulate cortex, and right MFG extending to SFG. Maintaining a BD pattern during critical neurodevelopmental years impacts RS-FC, indicating mid-to-long-term alterations in functional brain organization. This study provides new insights into the neurotoxic effects of adolescent alcohol misuse, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies addressing the lasting consequences on brain functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Cadaveira
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Psicoloxía (IPsiUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, ClínicaSpain y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - José Manuel Pérez-García
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Socorro Rodríguez Holguín
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Psicoloxía (IPsiUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Blanco-Ramos
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria en Andalucía Oriental, FIBAO, Spain
| | - Sonia Doallo
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Psicoloxía (IPsiUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Shan S, Liu Y, Hou L, Jiang D, Zhang C, Wu J, Luo Z, Ying J, Liu W, Song P. Associations of adverse childhood and adulthood experiences with depressive and anxiety symptoms among rural left-behind women: A cross-sectional study in China. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2025; 7:100380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
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7
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Ye J, Duan C, Han J, Chen J, Sun N, Li Y, Yuan T, Peng D. Peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for major depressive disorder. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1541-1554. [PMID: 38934398 PMCID: PMC11688552 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder, chronic stress-related neuroinflammation hinders favorable prognosis and antidepressant response. Mitochondrial DNA may be an inflammatory trigger, after its release from stress-induced dysfunctional central nervous system mitochondria into peripheral circulation. This evidence supports the potential use of peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder. Herein, we critically review the neuroinflammation theory in major depressive disorder, providing compelling evidence that mitochondrial DNA release acts as a critical biological substrate, and that it constitutes the neuroinflammatory disease pathway. After its release, mitochondrial DNA can be carried in the exosomes and transported to extracellular spaces in the central nervous system and peripheral circulation. Detectable exosomes render encaged mitochondrial DNA relatively stable. This mitochondrial DNA in peripheral circulation can thus be directly detected in clinical practice. These characteristics illustrate the potential for mitochondrial DNA to serve as an innovative clinical biomarker and molecular treatment target for major depressive disorder. This review also highlights the future potential value of clinical applications combining mitochondrial DNA with a panel of other biomarkers, to improve diagnostic precision in major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Ye
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Duan
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Han
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jinrong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tifei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Daihui Peng
- Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kolbasov LA, Guy AA, Murphy CM. Impacts of stigma and discrimination on people with obesity who smoke cigarettes. Addict Behav Rep 2025; 21:100582. [PMID: 39898114 PMCID: PMC11786092 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Revised: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Stigma is the state of social devaluation due to a trait or group identity; weight and smoking-based self-, felt-, and enacted stigma may have detrimental health effects and pose barriers to smoking cessation. This study examined associations between stigma, discrimination, and health for people with overweight or obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25) who smoke cigarettes (cigarettes smoked/day ≥ 5) who reported interest in quitting smoking and minimizing weight gain. Participants (N = 63; predominantly women (81.0 %), White (63.5 %) or Black/African American (31.7 %), and heterosexual (85.7 %) with 50 % having a yearly income below $50,000) completed the measures of stigma (i.e., Weight Bias Internalization Scale and Internalized Stigma of Smoking Inventory), discrimination (i.e., Everyday Discrimination Scale), and symptoms of depression, weight, smoking, nicotine dependence, and concerns about gaining weight while quitting smoking were measured. Those who reported more internalization of weight bias and more everyday discrimination reported greater depressive symptomatology and greater concern about gaining weight while quitting smoking, with depressive symptomatology fully mediating both internalization of weight bias and everyday discrimination's relation with concern about gaining weight while quitting smoking. There was also an association of smoking felt-stigma, but not self- or enacted-stigma, with symptoms of depression. Stigma's associations with symptoms of depression and post-cessation weight concern suggest barriers to effective behavior change, and interventions may consider targeting processes for coping with stigma experienced by this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza A. Kolbasov
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Arryn A. Guy
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Cara M. Murphy
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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9
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Mento C, Pandolfo G, Spatari G, Silvestri M, Formica I, Bruno A, Falgares G, Muscatello M, La Barbiera C, De Carlo A. The impact of workplace violence on healthcare workers during and after the COVID-19 outbreak. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2025; 9:100572. [PMID: 39850026 PMCID: PMC11754008 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2025] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers, exposing them to unprecedented levels of aggression. Incidents of verbal abuse, threats, and physical assaults have increased, especially in high-stress environments such as emergency departments and intensive care units, exacerbating psychological challenges for healthcare staff. This commentary explores the profound impact of WPV on healthcare workers' mental health and job satisfaction. Dehumanization - treating healthcare workers as resources rather than individuals - is a key factor that fuels aggression and undermines empathy within healthcare settings. WPV not only affects the personal well-being of healthcare professionals but also compromises patient care quality and the efficiency of healthcare systems. Effective strategies are urgently needed to address WPV, such as comprehensive training in de-escalation techniques, organizational policies, and enhanced safety protocols. An integrated approach that combines psychological support, policy reform, and preventive measures is essential to ensure a safer and more resilient healthcare environment for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Mento
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G. Pandolfo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G. Spatari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - M.C. Silvestri
- Psychiatry Unit, Polyclinic Hospital University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - I. Formica
- Department of Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Italy
| | - A. Bruno
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G. Falgares
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - M.R.A. Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - C. La Barbiera
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A. De Carlo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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10
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El-Gazar HE, Ali AM, Shawer M, Serag RM, Zoromba MA. Decent work and nurses' work ability: A cross-sectional study of the mediating effects of perceived insider status and psychological well-being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2025; 8:100283. [PMID: 39816165 PMCID: PMC11733275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Background While the benefits of decent work-employment that respects fundamental human rights, ensures fair income, guarantees workplace security, and provides social protection for families-have recently gained scholarly attention regarding job satisfaction, psychological empowerment, and work engagement, its potential to enhance nurses' work ability-defined as the ability to carry out job responsibilities-remains unaddressed. Furthermore, a gap exists in understanding the mechanisms through which decent work influences its outcomes. Purpose We aimed to investigate: (1) if securing decent work is associated with elevated nurses' work ability, and (2) if perceived insider status and psychological well-being mediate the association between decent work and nurses' work ability. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted across four public hospitals in two regions of Egypt, utilizing a self-reported survey with validated instruments, including the Decent Work Scale, Perceived Insider Status Scale, Psychological Well-being Scale, and Work Ability-Personal Radar Scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analyses, and structural equation modeling. Results A total of 204 nurses were involved in this study. Decent work was positively associated with nurses' work ability, and this association was fully mediated by perceived insider status and psychological well-being. Conclusions Cultivating decent work conditions might enable healthcare administrators to enhance nurses' sense of insider status and psychological well-being, thereby potentially boosting their work ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Emad El-Gazar
- Nursing Administration Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mona Shawer
- Nursing Education and Advanced Practice Lead, King's College Hospital London-Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Technical Institution of Nursing, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham Moharam Serag
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Nursing Department, North private college of nursing, Arar, 73312, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ali Zoromba
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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11
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Cui Y, Ma X, Wei J, Chen C, Shakir N, Guirram H, Dai Z, Anderson T, Ferguson D, Qiu S. MET receptor tyrosine kinase promotes the generation of functional synapses in adult cortical circuits. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1431-1444. [PMID: 39075910 PMCID: PMC11624886 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202505000-00026/figure1/v/2024-07-28T173839Z/r/image-tiff Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration, however, few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function. We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis. To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential, we created a knockin mouse line, in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult (10-12 months) cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow. We found that similar to the developing brain, turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons. These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses. Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increased α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-D-aspartate (AMPA/NMDA) receptor current ratio, indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity. Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain. These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Cui
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaokuang Ma
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jing Wei
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Chang Chen
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Neha Shakir
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Hitesch Guirram
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Trent Anderson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Deveroux Ferguson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Shenfeng Qiu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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12
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Jouvencel A, Dilharreguy B, Baillet M, Pérès K, Dartigues JF, Amieva H, Mayo W, Catheline G. Age-related disturbances in rest-activity rhythms and integrity of the hippocampal network: An exploratory study. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2025; 18:100111. [PMID: 39834591 PMCID: PMC11743803 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2024.100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2024] [Revised: 12/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
To better understand the relationship between the rest-activity rhythms and cognitive impairments during aging, we assessed the longitudinal changes in the rest-activity rhythms in an elderly population and their possible detrimental effect on the hippocampal network. This was done longitudinally in a rural cohort with two actigraphic assessments and brain imaging examinations, seven years apart. A segmentation of the hippocampus and its related structures was used to assess volumes and functional connectivity in this network based on anatomical and resting state functional data. Regression models were carried out to investigate the potential association of the evolution of sleep and rest-activity rhythms parameters with the structural and functional integrity of the hippocampal network. Our sample was composed of 33 subjects aged 75.2 ± 2.4 years old at the first time point with 40% of women. After seven years, the sleep of our participants did not change but their rest-activity rhythms did (p < 0.05), with a decrease in relative amplitude (∂RA = -0.021) and stability (∂IS = -0.044) as well as an increase in fragmentation (∂IV = +0.072). The deterioration of rest-activity rhythms was correlated with a lower anterior hippocampal volume (p corrected <0.05) while no correlation with functional connectivity was observed. These findings suggest that a degradation of rest-activity rhythms in people over 70 years old could constitute a factor of hippocampal vulnerability. Preventive interventions should consider rest-activity rhythms in the oldest-old population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Jouvencel
- INCIA, EPHE, Université PSL, Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bixente Dilharreguy
- INCIA, EPHE, Université PSL, Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marion Baillet
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karine Pérès
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, UMR U1219, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, UMR U1219, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Amieva
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, UMR U1219, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Willy Mayo
- INCIA, EPHE, Université PSL, Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Catheline
- INCIA, EPHE, Université PSL, Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, 146, Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Tomasetto C, Passolunghi MC, De Vita C, Guardabassi V, Morsanyi K. Parental mathematics anxiety is related to children's mathematical development in preschool and the first school years. J Exp Child Psychol 2025; 252:106185. [PMID: 39842174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
Math anxiety is a well-known predictor of mathematics skills, with its effects ranging from reducing performance in high-stakes tests to interfering with learning novel mathematics contents. Although the intergenerational transmission of generalized anxiety is well-documented, research on the associations between parents' math anxiety and children's math anxiety and mathematics outcomes is still limited. In this longitudinal study (N = 126), we investigated the associations between parents' math anxiety (as measured when children were 3 years of age) and children's math anxiety and math skills at 8 years of age. The development of children's mathematics skills from 3 to 8 years was also investigated. Results of longitudinal structural equation models revealed that parents' math anxiety was associated with children's mathematics skills in the preschool years even after controlling for parental education. In turn, children's mathematics skills in the preschool years were associated both with children's mathematics skills and their mathematics anxiety at age 8. In addition, there was an indirect link between parents' math anxiety, as measured when their children were age 3, and children's mathematics skills at age 8, which was mediated by children's early mathematics skills in the preschool years. In sum, these findings suggest that although parents' math anxiety is not directly related to the development of math anxiety in their children, it may be negatively related to the development of children's early mathematical skills, which are strong predictors not only of academic achievement but also of success and well-being in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tomasetto
- University of Bologna 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy.
| | | | - C De Vita
- University of Trieste 34127 Trieste (TS), Italy
| | | | - K Morsanyi
- Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
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14
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Esmer ŞC, Turan E, Karadöller DZ, Göksun T. Sources of variation in preschoolers' relational reasoning: The interaction between language use and working memory. J Exp Child Psychol 2025; 252:106149. [PMID: 39706048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested the importance of relational language and working memory in children's relational reasoning. The tendency to use language (e.g., using more relational than object-focused language, prioritizing focal objects over background in linguistic descriptions) could reflect children's biases toward the relational versus object-based solutions in a relational match-to-sample (RMTS) task. In the lack of any apparent object match as a foil option, object-focused children might rely on other cognitive mechanisms (i.e., working memory) to choose a relational match in the RMTS task. The current study examined the interactive roles of language- and working memory-related sources of variation in Turkish-learning preschoolers' relational reasoning. We collected data from 4- and 5-year-olds (N = 41) via Zoom in the RMTS task, a scene description task, and a backward word span task. Generalized binomial mixed effects models revealed that children who used more relational language and background-focused scene descriptions performed worse in the relational reasoning task. Furthermore, children with less frequent relational language use and focal object descriptions of the scenes benefited more from working memory to succeed in the relational reasoning task. These results suggest additional working memory demands for object-focused children to choose relational matches in the RMTS task, highlighting the importance of examining the interactive effects of different cognitive mechanisms on relational reasoning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dilay Z Karadöller
- Middle East Technical University, 06800 Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Ellis A, O'Rear CD, Cosso J, Purpura DJ. Examining the factor structure of the home learning environment. J Exp Child Psychol 2025; 252:106186. [PMID: 39842176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
The home learning environment (HLE) is an important context for fostering early development. Literature supports four subdomains of the HLE: home literacy, numeracy, executive function, and science environments. The current study examined the factor structure of the HLE with all four domain-specific established scales. Participants (N = 913) were caregivers (primarily White; 78.1%) of children aged 2 to 6 years (M = 4.28 years, SD = 1.25). Data were collected from an online platform. Results suggested that the most appropriate structure was a seven-factor model (code-based and oral language literacy, informal and formal numeracy, core and practice science, and executive function). Caregivers reported engaging in literacy practices the most and engaging in science and numeracy activities the least. This study demonstrates that the HLE is a multidimensional structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Ellis
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
| | - Connor D O'Rear
- Institutional Research, Innovation, & Strategy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jimena Cosso
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methods, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - David J Purpura
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
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16
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Changar M, Sesen H, Ertan SS, Cavlan Gİ, Soran S. Perceived overqualification, prosocial service behavior, job crafting and person-group fit of the flight attendants: Testing a moderated-mediation model. JOURNAL OF AIR TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT 2025; 124:102723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
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17
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Becker DR, Pedonti SF, Grist C, Watson M. Connections among family socioeconomic status, aerobic fitness, executive function, and the positive experiences of childhood physical activity. J Exp Child Psychol 2025; 252:106147. [PMID: 39732027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/30/2024]
Abstract
A family's socioeconomic status (SES) can be linked to a child's physical and cognitive health, with children from low-SES families often experiencing poor developmental outcomes. Early positive childhood experiences that include structured and unstructured physical activities (SUPAs) offer a potential avenue to promote positive health and cognitive development during early childhood. However, prior to school entry, it is not well-understood whether SES is related to participation in SUPAs or how SUPAs relate to early health and cognitive indicators such as aerobic fitnessand executive function (EF). Children (N = 99) aged 3 to 5 years were recruited from 17 classrooms in seven center-based pre-kindergartens. In fall and spring, children were assessed on EF using the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task and aerobic fitness was assessed with the 20-m shuttle run test. Family SES significantly predicted SUPAs and fall and spring fitness, with SUPAs and spring fitness significantly predicting spring EF. Partial support for an indirect relationship between SES and EF through SUPAs was also found. Results suggest that family SES could play a role in predicting participation in SUPAs and aerobic fitness, with SUPAs and aerobic fitness linked to EF during pre-kindergarten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Becker
- Department of Human Services, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA.
| | - Sarah F Pedonti
- Department of Human Services, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
| | - Cathy Grist
- Department of Human Services, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
| | - Myra Watson
- Department of Human Services, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
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18
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Caprara GV. Albert Bandura: The Man I Have Known and His Merits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2025; 60:e70012. [PMID: 39910694 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.70012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2025]
Abstract
Albert Bandura, one of the most influential psychologists, passed away on 26 July 2021. His scientific merits have been acknowledged across various domains of inquiry, thereby attesting to his relevance for understanding people's agentic role in shaping and improving their life. The purpose of this special issue was to honour Bandura's contribution to psychological science through a collection of articles from several researchers around the globe whose scientific interests are rooted in Bandura's theoretical conceptualisations, ranging from self-efficacy beliefs to moral disengagement.
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19
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Li JB, Xu Y, Sun J, Qiu S, Zhang R, Yang A. A multilevel latent profile analysis to job demands, job resources, and personal resources in early childhood educators: Implications for multidimensional well-being. J Sch Psychol 2025; 109:101405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2024.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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20
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Kowluru RA, Kumar J, Malaviya P. DNA methylation of long noncoding RNA cytochrome B in diabetic retinopathy. Noncoding RNA Res 2025; 11:141-149. [PMID: 39811245 PMCID: PMC11732211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of blindness in adults, but the molecular mechanism of its development remains unclear. Retinal mitochondrial DNA is damaged and hypermethylated, and mtDNA-encoded genes are downregulated. Expression of a long noncoding RNA (larger than 200 nucleotides, which does not translate into proteins), encoded by mtDNA, cytochrome B (LncCytB), is also downregulated. This study aims to investigate the role of DNA methylation in the downregulation of LncCytB in diabetic retinopathy. Human retinal endothelial cells, incubated in 5 mM (normal) or 20 mM (high) D-glucose, in the presence/absence of Azacytidine (a DNA methyl transferase inhibitor) were analyzed for LncCytB DNA methylation by immunoprecipitation and methylation specific PCR techniques, and LncCytB transcripts by strand-specific PCR and RNA-FISH. Mitochondrial genomic stability was evaluated by quantifying protective mtDNA nucleoids by SYBR green staining and by flow cytometry, and functional stability by oxygen consumption rate using Seahorse analyzer. Results were confirmed in an in vivo model using retina from diabetic rat. While high glucose elevated 5 mC and the ratio of methylated to unmethylated amplicons at LncCytB and downregulated its transcripts, azacytidine prevented LncCytB DNA hypermethylation and decrease in its expression. Azacytidine also ameliorated decrease in nucleoids and oxygen consumption rate. Similarly, azacytidine prevented increase in retinal LncCytB DNA methylation and decrease in its expression in diabetic rats. Thus, DNA hypermethylation plays a major role in the downregulation of retinal LncCytB in diabetes, resulting in impaired mitochondrial homeostasis, and culminating in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu A. Kowluru
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jay Kumar
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pooja Malaviya
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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21
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Kazali E. Executive functions in inductive and deductive reasoning. J Exp Child Psychol 2025; 252:106144. [PMID: 39673822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/16/2024]
Abstract
Inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning share common cognitive abilities and develop substantially during childhood, but still which executive functions (EFs) underlie this development is debated. The current study assessed three EFs-working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility-and examined their interrelations and their relationship with inductive and deductive reasoning. To examine how these types of reasoning and EFs relate in young children, we recruited 155 children (4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-year-olds) to complete two reasoning tasks and three EF tasks. Inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning were directly predicted by working memory and were indirectly predicted by inhibition and cognitive flexibility. This finding sheds light on the predictive role of working memory for both inductive and deductive reasoning and provides support for the shared cognitive relation between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kazali
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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22
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Nimitvilai-Roberts S, Lopez MF, Woodward JJ. Effects of chronic ethanol exposure on dorsal medial striatal neurons receiving convergent inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala. Neuropharmacology 2025; 267:110303. [PMID: 39814131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is associated with altered function of cortical-amygdala-striatal circuits such as the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and their connections to the dorsal medial striatum (DMS) shown to be involved in goal-directed actions. Using retrobead tracing, we previously reported enhanced excitability of DMS-projecting OFC neurons in mice following 3-to-7-day withdrawal from chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure. In the same animals, spiking of DMS-projecting BLA neurons was decreased at 3-days post-withdrawal followed by an increase in firing at 7- and 14-days. In the current study, we used transsynaptic labeling and slice electrophysiology to investigate the effects of CIE exposure on DMS neurons that receive convergent inputs from the OFC and BLA. Mice were infused with anterograde transsynaptic AAVs in the OFC (AAV1-Cre) and BLA (AAV1-Flpo) and a Cre-On/Flp-On-YFP AAV in the DMS followed by 4 weekly cycles of Air or CIE vapor exposure. Current-clamp recordings of YFP + DMSOFC-BLA neurons showed three distinct patterns of firing: regular spiking, regular spiking followed by depolarization block and regular spiking with the appearance of broadened action potentials and plateau potentials at higher current steps (termed FANS). In both male and female mice, withdrawal from CIE exposure significantly increased the excitability of regular spiking neurons as compared to air controls. More subtle effects were observed on FANS neurons with both increases and decreases in firing that were current step and sex-dependent. These findings add to a growing literature demonstrating how neurons within cortical-amygdala-striatal circuits implicated in compulsive/habitual behaviors are impacted by chronic alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo F Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Du X, Wu H, Yalikun S, Li J, Jia J, Duan T, Zhou Z, Ren Z. Trajectories of Chinese adolescent depression before and after COVID-19: A cross-temporal meta-analysis with segmented regression. J Affect Disord 2025; 373:333-344. [PMID: 39740746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/02/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on adolescent mental health, particularly in China. However, there is a lack of research examining the trends in depressive symptom levels among Chinese adolescents before and after the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the changes in depressive symptom levels among Chinese adolescents pre- and post-pandemic and to identify the factors influencing these changes. METHODS English-language databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Wiley) and Chinese-language databases (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang) were searched for relevant studies. A total of 90 articles (91 studies) were included in the cross-temporal meta-analysis (N = 473,781), all of which used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to measure depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. The data for these studies were collected over the period from 2010 to 2023. RESULTS Findings indicated that: (1) From 2010 to 2020, year was not a significant predictor of adolescent depressive symptom levels, whereas from 2021 to 2023, year became a significant positive predictor. (2) From 2010 to 2020, females exhibited a more pronounced decrease in depressive symptom levels compared to males; however, from 2021 to 2023, gender differences were not significant. (3) From 2010 to 2020, previous social connectedness, including family size three years prior, divorce rate one year prior, and urbanization level three years prior, significantly and negatively predicted the current year's adolescent depressive symptom levels; however, from 2021 to 2023, the predictive effect of all social indicators was not significant. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances the understanding of the mechanisms underlying depression among Chinese adolescents and provides a foundation for decision-making in prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayu Du
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hanzhang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sailigu Yalikun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Ch
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