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Neufeld A, Malin G. Cultivating physician empathy: a person-centered study based in self-determination theory. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2024; 29:2335739. [PMID: 38566612 PMCID: PMC10993750 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2335739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
While physician empathy is a vital ingredient in both physician wellness and quality of patient care, consensus on its origins, and how to cultivate it, is still lacking. The present study examines this issue in a new and innovative way, through the lens of self-determination theory. Using survey methodology, we collected data from N = 177 (44%) students at a Canadian medical school. We then used a person-centered approach (cluster analysis) to identify medical student profiles of self-determination (based on trait autonomy and perceived competence in learning) and how the learning environment impacted empathy for those in each profile. When the learning environment was more autonomy-supportive, students experienced higher satisfaction and lower frustration of their basic psychological needs in medical school, as well as greater empathy towards patients. The translation into increased empathy, however, was only evident among the students with higher self-determination at baseline. Results from this study suggest that autonomy-supportive learning environments will generally support medical students' psychological needs for optimal motivation and well-being, but whether or not they lead to empathy towards patients will depend on individual differences in self-determination. Findings and their implications are discussed in terms of developing theory-driven approaches to cultivating empathy in medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Neufeld
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Greg Malin
- College of Medicine, Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Pisolkar V, Dena I, Green KL, Palmer-Clarke Y, Hinz T, Muhajarine N. See us, hear us! children, adolescents and families in Saskatchewan coping with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2361494. [PMID: 38824661 PMCID: PMC11146264 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2361494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the lived experiences of children and adolescents coping with mental health issues and seeking mental health services in Saskatchewan during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In our descriptive phenomenological qualitative study, we interviewed forty-six individuals, including children aged 8-15 and their parents. Thematic analysis was applied to interpret the interview data. RESULTS Our analysis identified three key themes: pyscho-behavioural impact, academic impact, and social impact. The pandemic adversely affected children due to factors like changes in behaviours such as increased screen time and decreased physical activity, limited access to mental health services, and disruptions to schooling and social interactions. Coping mechanisms varied, ranging from the utilization of available mental health supports and services to individual and family-based strategies. Disparities in timely access to mental health services were evident, with financially stable families accessing private services, while others struggled, particularly in rural areas. Families demonstrated resilience through parental efforts to seek balance and prioritize safety amidst COVID-19 challenges. CONCLUSIONS Social connectedness served as a crucial buffer against pandemic-induced stress. Children faced difficulty in accessing timely mental health services and supports. Echoing participant experiences, our findings emphasize the urgency of targeted interventions and policy adjustments to address existing gaps in mental health service accessibility and availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Pisolkar
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Isabelle Dena
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kathryn L. Green
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Yolanda Palmer-Clarke
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tamara Hinz
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Nazeem Muhajarine
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Purcino LS, Bedrikow R. Findings on dietary characteristics among Haitian immigrants and the threat of food insecurity: A scoping review. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2024; 8:100520. [PMID: 39050009 PMCID: PMC11267026 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to map and describe the available evidence on dietary characteristics and diet-related health conditions among Haitian immigrants across the globe. Study design Scoping review. Methods This review was based on the international guide Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The searches were conducted in several electronic databases in July 2023. Reports focusing on diet, nutrition, and diet-related health conditions among international Haitian immigrants published in English, Portuguese, French, or Spanish with no year limit were included. The data extracted was tabulated and presented in a narrative summary. Results Database search retrieved 502 records, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. The categories that emerged from the analysis were: food consumption patterns and trends, food and nutrition insecurity, cultural identity, and diet-related health conditions. Findings suggest: available evidence underrepresents Latin America and the Caribbean context; research gaps related to adolescents and the elderly and also to noncommunicable diseases except obesity; changes in food consumption after immigration towards less healthy eating; the Haitian immigrant's preference for healthy and traditional eating patterns; many experiences of food insecurity related to poverty, unemployment, and lack of social support, especially in host countries in Latin America and the Caribbean; and a high prevalence of obesity, especially among women. Conclusions Further research is required in countries in Latin America, mainly. Diet-related chronic diseases, adolescents, and the elderly should be targeted for further research. We recommend: longitudinal and qualitative research; field action reports describing local and global strategies to manage Haitian migration-related food and nutrition issues; culturally appropriate dietary interventions; and policies to protect and support the most vulnerable Haitian immigrants to have their fundamental right to adequate food guaranteed, reducing health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Sales Purcino
- Department of Collective Health, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 80 Vital Brasil Street, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens Bedrikow
- Department of Collective Health, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 80 Vital Brasil Street, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mahanna A, Howell BM, Worthington AK, Redmond LC, Hiratsuka VY. Fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, and functional fitness among older adults in urban Alaska. Int J Circumpolar Health 2024; 83:2359164. [PMID: 38807560 PMCID: PMC11138220 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2359164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Older adults often face barriers to obtaining recommended diet, physical activity, and fitness levels. Understanding these patterns can inform effective interventions targeting health beliefs and behavior. This cross-sectional study included a multicultural sample of 58 older adults (aged 55+ years, M=71.98) living in independent senior housing in urban Southcentral Alaska. Participants completed a questionnaire and the Senior Fitness Test that assessed self-reported fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, self-efficacy, and functional fitness. T-tests and bivariate correlation analyses were used to test six hypotheses. Results indicated that participants had low physical activity but had a mean fruit and vegetable intake that was statistically significantly higher than the hypothesized "low" score. Only 4.26% of participants met functional fitness standards for balance/agility, and 8.51% met standards for lower-body strength. However, 51.1% met standards for upper-body strength and 46.8% met standards for endurance The results also indicated that nutrition self-efficacy and exercise self-efficacy were positively related to fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity levels, respectively. Interestingly, income was not related to nutrition or activity patterns. These data complicate the picture on dietary and physical activity patterns for older adults in Alaska and offer recommendations for future health promotion activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allexis Mahanna
- Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Britteny M. Howell
- Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
- National Resource Center for Alaska Native Elders, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Leslie C. Redmond
- Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka
- National Resource Center for Alaska Native Elders, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
- Research, Southcentral Foundation, Anchorage, AK, USA
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Marquez B, Lebensohn-Chialvo F, Al-Rousan T. Understanding family functioning in mothers and daughters with obesity. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2348894. [PMID: 38733143 PMCID: PMC11089922 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2348894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to understand family functioning surrounding weight in Mexican American women with obesity. METHODS Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers and adult daughters (N = 116). RESULTS Thematic analysis identified five themes. 1) The communication process drives perception of supportive messages. Messages perceived as non-supportive consist of directives as interventions, confirmation of faults, and critical compliments whereas supportive consist of compliments, encouragement, empathetic listening, and disclosure. 2) Acculturation differences interfere with intergenerational alliance. Differences involve dissonance in communication, behavioural expectations, and weight-related practices. 3) Maladaptive conflict responses contribute to relational strain. These responses include avoidance, withdrawal, and defensiveness. 4) Role transformations alter the generational hierarchical relationship. Daughters serve as role models, caregivers, or collaborators. 5) Low communal coping heightens psychological distress. It does so by challenging family roles, increasing social isolation, and compromising social support. CONCLUSION Obesity interventions for Mexican American women may benefit from targeting relational skills to improve family functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Marquez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Tala Al-Rousan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Xiao B, Huang J, Chen L, Lin Y, Luo J, Chen H, Fu L, Tang F, Ouyang W, Wu Y. Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2306224. [PMID: 38345016 PMCID: PMC10863522 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2306224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent individual studies have indicated that ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption may be associated with the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on those longitudinal studies evaluating the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of incident CKD, and synthesizing the results. METHOD PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception through 22 March 2023. Any longitudinal studies evaluating the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of incident CKD were included. Two researchers independently conducted the literature screening and data extraction. RR and its 95% CI were regarded as the effect size. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied to assess the quality of the studies included, and the effect of UPF consumption on the risk of incident CKD was analyzed with STATA version 15.1. This study's protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411951). RESULTS Four cohort studies with a total of 219,132 participants were included after screening. The results of the meta-analysis suggested that the highest UPF intake was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (RR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.18-1.33). CONCLUSIONS High-dose UPF intake was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Thus, more standardized clinical studies and further exploration of the mechanisms are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Xiao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxian Huang
- The Fourth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyi Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Lin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianghong Luo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhe Fu
- Chronic Disease Management Outpatient, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Chronic Disease Management Outpatient, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Ouyang
- Key Unit of Methodology in Clinical Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yifan Wu
- Chronic Disease Management Outpatient, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
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Buttazzoni A, Pham J, Nelson Ferguson K, Fabri E, Clark A, Tobin D, Frisbee N, Gilliland J. Supporting children's participation in active travel: developing an online road safety intervention through a collaborative integrated knowledge translation approach. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2320183. [PMID: 38431847 PMCID: PMC10911243 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2320183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though regular engagement in physical activity (PA) among children can support their development and encourage the adoption of healthy lifelong habits, most do not achieve their recommended guidelines. Active travel (AT), or any form of human-powered travel (e.g., walking), can be a relatively accessible, manageable, and sustainable way to promote children's PA. One common barrier to children's engagement in AT, however, is a reported lack of education and training. To support children's participation in AT, this paper presents the development of a comprehensive 4-module online road safety education intervention designed to improve children's knowledge and confidence regarding AT. Using a qualitative integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach undertaken with community collaborators (n = 50) containing expertise in health promotion, public safety, school administration, and transportation planning, our inductive thematic analysis generated fourth themes which constituted the foundation of the intervention modules: Active Travel Knowledge: Awareness of Benefits and Participation; Pedestrian Safety and Skills: Roles, Responsibilities, and Rules; Signs and Infrastructure: Identification, Literacy, and Behaviour; Wheeling Safety and Skills: Technical Training and Personal Maneuvers. Each theme/module was then linked to an explicit learning objective and connected to complementary knowledge activities, resources, and skill development exercises. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Buttazzoni
- School of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Pham
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kendra Nelson Ferguson
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Fabri
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Clark
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Tobin
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Frisbee
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Gilliland
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Health Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Herter J, Stübing F, Lüth V, Zimmermann J, Lederer AK, Hannibal L, Huber R, Storz MA. Bowel health, defecation patterns and nutrient intake following adoption of a vegan diet: a randomized-controlled trial. Ann Med 2024; 56:2305693. [PMID: 38327148 PMCID: PMC10854443 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2305693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of a plant-based diet on gut microbiota diversity are well documented, however, its impact on clinical bowel health and defecation patterns are less well understood. Vegetarian diets have been associated with a higher bowel movement (BM) frequency as well as softer stools in cross-sectional studies. The effects of the de-novo adoption of a vegan diet on bowel health, however, have never been investigated in a randomized-controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study examined bowel health and defecation patterns in relation to diet and nutrient intake in a young and healthy sample of n = 65 physically-active German university students who were randomly assigned to either a vegan or a meat-rich diet for eight weeks. Bowel health assessment included the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS), the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) and the Cleveland Clinic Fecal Incontinence Score (CCFIS). Nutrient intake was assessed using weighed food diaries. The study was prospectively registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00031541). RESULTS Weekly BM frequency slightly increased in vegans, whereas it remained unaltered in participants assigned to a meat-rich diet. Fiber intake increased significantly in vegans (34.89 (18.46) g/d) whereas it decreased in those assigned to the meat-rich group (22.79 (12.5) g/d). No significant intergroup differences in BSFS and CCFIS patterns were observed. Adoption of a vegan diet neither resulted in a transient increase in abdominal discomfort nor in a decreased gastrointestinal quality of life, which was comparable across the diet groups. CONCLUSIONS The short-term de-novo adoption of a vegan diet did not negatively affect markers of bowel health in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Herter
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frieda Stübing
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Volker Lüth
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Lederer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roman Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Liu C, Yang J, Li H, Deng Y, He P, Zhang J, Chen S, Chen S, Wang X, Zhang M. Comparative efficacy of exercise modalities for general risk factors, renal function, and physical function in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2373272. [PMID: 38967189 PMCID: PMC467113 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2373272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise therapy can effectively manage chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors and improve renal function and physical fitness, but the challenge lies in choosing the right exercise type tailored to patients' condition. METHODS An electronic search of databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, VIP, WanFang, and CNKI was performed. The random effects model was used. Mean difference was employed as the effect size for continuous variables, with 95% confidence interval (CI) provided. RESULTS A total of 36 RCTs were included in this study. Compared to conventional therapy (CT), the combination of three exercise therapies with CT resulted in notable benefits in enhancing six minutes walk test (6MWT) capacity, 24-h urinary protein quantity (24hUTP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Resistance exercise therapy (RT) + CT were more effective than CT to reduce serum creatinine (Scr), body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and improve estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In terms of improving peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), only two exercise modalities were involved, aerobic exercise therapy (AT) and combined (Resistance-Aerobic) exercise therapy (CBT), both of which were more efficacious than CT. The efficacy ranking overall demonstrated clear benefits for RT in enhancing eGFR and 6MWT, decreasing Scr, BMI, SBP, DBP, and HbA1c, while AT was more suitable for boosting VO2 peak, and CBT had greater potential for reducing 24hUTP. CONSLUSIONS Exercise therapy combined with CT offers significant advantages over CT in many cases, but no single exercise modality is universally effective for all indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiju Yang
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongdian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengfei He
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Famous Chinese Medicine Inheritance Workshop of Mianzhi Zhang, Tianjin, China
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Jutterström L, Stenlund AL, Otten J, Lilja M, Hellström Ängerud K. Awareness of cardiovascular risk among persons with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2294512. [PMID: 38112175 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2294512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the process of becoming aware of and acting on personal cardiovascular (CVD) risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHOD A purposive sample of 14 persons living with T2D participated in semi-structured, open-ended, in-dept interviews. The interviews were analysed with grounded theory. RESULT The analysis identified the core category "Balancing emotions, integrating knowledge and understanding to achieve risk awareness and act on it." Five categories describe the movement from not being aware of the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) to becoming aware of this risk and taking action to reduce it. Persons with T2D need to transform their knowledge and experience of CVD risk and incorporate it in their individual situations. Emotional and existential experiences of CVD risk can lead to awareness about the severity of the condition and contribute to increased motivation for self-management. However, an overly high emotional response can be overwhelming and may result in insufficient self-management. CONCLUSION Persons with T2D seemed not to fully grasp their increased risk of CVD or recognize that self-management activities were aimed at reducing this risk. However, their awareness of CVD risk gradually increased as they came to understand the severity of T2D and became more emotionally and existentially engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Jutterström
- Department of Nursing, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Julia Otten
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lilja
- Unit of Research, Education and Development Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine - Östersund Hospital, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Xiao R, Dong L, Xie B, Liu B. A Mendelian randomization study: physical activities and chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2295011. [PMID: 38178379 PMCID: PMC10773648 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2295011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that physical activity is related to a lower risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), thus indicating a potential target for prevention. However, the causality is not clear; specifically, physical activity may protect against CKD, and CKD may lead to a reduction in physical activity. Our study examined the potential bidirectional relationship between physical activity and CKD by using a genetically informed method. Genome-wide association studies from the UK Biobank baseline data were used for physical activity phenotypes and included 460,376 participants. For kidney function (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and CKD, with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), CKDGen Consortium data were used, which included 480,698 CKD participants of European ancestry. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to determine the causal relationship between physical activities and kidney function. Two-sample MR genetically predicted that heavy DIY (do it yourself) (e.g., weeding, lawn mowing, carpentry, and digging) decreased the risk of CKD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.287, 95% CI = 0.117-0.705, p = 0.0065) and improved the level of eGFR (β = 0.036, 95% CI = 0.005-0.067, p = 0.021). The bidirectional MR showed no reverse causality. It is worth noting that other physical activities, such as walking for pleasure, strenuous sports, light DIY (e.g., pruning and watering the lawn), and other exercises (e.g., swimming, cycling, keeping fit, and bowling), were not significantly correlated with CKD and eGFR. This study used genetic data to provide reliable and robust causal evidence that heavy physical activity (e.g., weeding, lawn mowing, carpentry, and digging) can protect kidney function and further lower the risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Olivera A, Estevan I, Tassino B, Rossel C, Silva A. Epidemiology of sleep patterns and circadian typology in uruguayan children: The contribution of school shifts. Sleep Med X 2024; 7:100099. [PMID: 38234312 PMCID: PMC10792258 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthy sleep is defined by the combination of adequate duration, good quality, and regular timing. In children, sleep thus depends on the interplay of individual, parental, organizational, community, and social variables, but only a few studies have addressed this issue in a comprehensive way nationwide. Using the Uruguayan nationally representative survey (Nutrition, Child Development, and Health Survey, Encuesta de Nutrición, Desarrollo Infantil y Salud, ENDIS), we present the first epidemiological characterization of chronobiological and sleep parameters in Latin American children. On average, Uruguayan urban children (n = 2437; 5-10-years old) showed quite late chronotypes (MSFsc = 03:53 ± 1:07), moderate misalignment (SJL = 1.0 ± 0.9 h), and adequate sleep duration (SDweek = 9.9 ± 1.0 h). Further, we show the substantial influence of school shift schedules on children's circadian typology and sleep patterns. Our results show that children attending the morning school shift have a higher risk of sleep problems than afternoon-school shift ones. The chronotype and sleep were earlier in morning-school shift children than in children attending the afternoon school shift. However, morning-school shift children had stronger misalignment, shorter sleep on school days, and a higher risk of chronic sleep deficit and non-healthy circadian misalignment (even worse in late chronotypes) than afternoon-shift children. This evidence points to the need of evaluating policies to reorganize school start times to prevent the negative effects that early schooling seems to have on children's sleep health, which has been neglected so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Olivera
- Grupo Cronobiología, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, Universidad de la República, Jackson 1301, 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, 8 de octubre 2768, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Estevan
- Grupo Cronobiología, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, Universidad de la República, Jackson 1301, 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Programa de Neuropsicología y Neurobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Tristán Narvaja 1674, 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bettina Tassino
- Grupo Cronobiología, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, Universidad de la República, Jackson 1301, 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Sección Etología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Rossel
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, 8 de octubre 2768, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Silva
- Grupo Cronobiología, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, Universidad de la República, Jackson 1301, 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Rinta-Antila K, Koski P, Aira T, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Uusitalo A, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Kokko S. Perceived coaches' health promotion activity, maintenance of participation in sports, and lifestyle habits among emerging adults: a four-year follow-up study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2321327. [PMID: 38658832 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2321327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study focused on how adolescents' perceptions of coaches' health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach's health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach's general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits. RESULTS Among males, those who had perceived coaches' general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach's general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use). CONCLUSIONS Perceiving coaches' health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches' health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches' health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rinta-Antila
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pasi Koski
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Uusitalo
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Arthurs N, Browne S, Boardman R, O'Donnell S, Doyle G, Kechadi T, Shahid A, Tully L, O’Malley G. Usability of the BigO system in pediatric obesity treatment: A mixed-methods evaluation of clinical end-users. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:507-522. [PMID: 39184872 PMCID: PMC11342072 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess technical usability of the BigO app and clinical portal among diverse participants and explore the overall user experiences of both. Methods Methods included technical usability testing by measuring the relative user efficiency score (RUS) for the app and measuring Relative User Efficiency (RUE) using the 'think aloud' method with the clinical portal. Qualitative approaches involved focus groups with adolescent app users and semi-structured one-to-one interviews with clinician participants. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data. Participants Clinical participants consisted of adolescents seeking treatment for severe obesity and were invited via telephone/face to face to attend technical usability testing and a focus group. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) and researchers using the BigO clinical portal interface were invited to participate in usability testing and semi-structured interviews. Results From 14 families invited to attend, seven consented to join the study and four adolescents (mean age=13.8 (SD 0.8) years) participated. Additionally, six HCPs and one pediatric obesity researcher took part. RUS for adolescents indicated that the tasks required of them via myBigO app were feasible, and technically efficient. No user-related errors were observed during tasks. Technical barriers reported by adolescents included notifications of battery optimization, misunderstanding image annotation language, and compatibility challenges with certain phone models. RUS for the HCPs and researcher indicated that basic technical skills are a potential barrier for clinical portal use and qualitative findings revealed that clinical users wanted a logging option for monitoring goals and providing feedback on the portal. Conclusion Our study provided valuable formative findings from clinical end-users in Ireland indicating that adolescents being treated for obesity rated myBigO app as usable, acceptable and that it may assist other key stakeholders to understand food marketing and to monitor dietary and physical activity behaviors. Several key suggestions for future iterations of the clinical portal were provided to enhance its value in pediatric obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Arthurs
- Child and Adolescent Obesity Service, Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Temple Street Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Obesity Research and Care Group, School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sarah Browne
- Obesity Research and Care Group, School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rebekah Boardman
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shane O'Donnell
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gerardine Doyle
- UCD College of Business, Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tahar Kechadi
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Arsalan Shahid
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Louise Tully
- Obesity Research and Care Group, School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Grace O’Malley
- Child and Adolescent Obesity Service, Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Temple Street Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Obesity Research and Care Group, School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
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15
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Westerskov Dalgas B, Elmose-Østerlund K, Bredahl TVG. Exploring basic psychological needs within and across domains of physical activity. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2308994. [PMID: 38327214 PMCID: PMC10854434 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2308994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explored variations in adults' experience of satisfaction, unfulfilment and frustration of basic psychological needs within and across four domains of physical activity: Transport, household, occupation, and recreation. METHODS We utilized a qualitative approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with a diverse group of 42 Danish adults. The participants ranged in age from 16 to 79 years (mean age 49 years, SD 21 years), gender (45% men, 55% women), and physical activity levels (38% low, 33% average, 29% high). Data were analysed using a thematic analysis, applying Self-Determination Theory as the guiding framework. RESULTS In the Transport domain, while most activities were seen as utilitarian necessities, autonomy satisfaction emerged for some through control over their means of transport. In Household domain, tasks were generally viewed as obligatory; however, activities with personal significance led to autonomy satisfaction and skill development. Occupation-wise, physical activity satisfaction varied, with the nature of the job impacting feelings of autonomy and competence. For Recreation domain, personal choice dictated autonomy satisfaction, with competence and relatedness varying according to goal achievement and social interactions. CONCLUSION The variations in the findings across domains indicate the effectiveness of applying strategies tailored to specific domains for enhancing need satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte Westerskov Dalgas
- CONTACT Birgitte Westerskov Dalgas Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense5230, Denmark
| | - Karsten Elmose-Østerlund
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Zhou Y, Guo X, Liu Z, Sun D, Liang Y, Shen H, Li X, Mu J, Liu J, Cao G, Chen M. 6-week time-restricted eating improves body composition, maintains exercise performance, without exacerbating eating disorder in female DanceSport dancers. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2369613. [PMID: 38904148 PMCID: PMC11195454 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2369613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high risk of eating disorder (ED)-related attitudes and behaviors among female dancers, targeted scientific dietary regimens are currently inadequate. Time-restricted eating (TRE), a popular intermittent fasting protocol, has been shown to be effective in enhancing body composition and exercise performance in athletes. In this study, TRE was employed as a dietary regimen to improve body composition and exercise performance and address ED attitudes and behaviors in DanceSport dancers. METHODS Twenty female DanceSport dancers were recruited and divided into two groups: TRE (n = 10) and normal diet (ND) (n = 10). The TRE group consumed their self-selected necessary energy intake exclusively between 11 a.m. and 7 p.m. (utilizing a 16-hour fasting and 8-hour eating window) for 6 weeks, while the ND group maintained their regular dieting patterns. The consumption of water, black tea, or coffee without added sugar or milk was not restricted. Physical activity and calorie intake were systematically recorded during the TRE intervention. Body composition, aerobic and anaerobic performance, and ED attitudes and behaviors were assessed before and after the TRE intervention. The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the identifier ChiCTR2200063780. RESULTS The fixed effects tests (p < 0.0001) and estimates for the intercept (p < 0.0001) of hunger level indicated a noticeable effect on the initial state of hunger during TRE. No significant differences were observed in ED attitudes or behaviors (p > 0.05). TRE resulted in a reduction in hip circumference (p = 0.039), fat mass (kg) (p = 0.0004), and body fat percentage (p = 0.0005), with no significant decrease in fat-free mass (p > 0.05). No significant improvement was observed in aerobic performance (p > 0.05). The average power (AP) (p = 0.01) and AP/Body weight ratio (p = 0.003) significantly increased. Additionally, the power drop decreased significantly (p = 0.019). Group-by-time interactions were observed for fat mass (kg) (p = 0.01), body fat percentage (p = 0.035), and AP/Body weight (p = 0.020). CONCLUSION TRE can be considered a feasible nutritional strategy for DanceSport dancers, facilitating improvements in body composition without compromising aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance or exacerbating ED attitudes and behaviors. Moreover, TRE may facilitate more favorable physiological adaptations, potentially contributing to improved exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhou
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing Sports Nutrition Engineering Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyao Liu
- Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports, Beijing Lucheng Sports Technical School, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Beijing Sport University, Competitive Sport School, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhao Mu
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Jingying Liu
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxia Cao
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
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17
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Brown SD, Garcia BL, Ritchie JL, Tsai AL, Millman A, Greenberg M, Quesenberry CP, Ferrara A. Digital health outreach to promote postpartum screening after gestational diabetes: A randomized factorial pilot study. PEC INNOVATION 2024; 4:100256. [PMID: 38282680 PMCID: PMC10818066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective We examined the acceptability and feasibility of a multi-component digital health outreach intervention to promote uptake of guideline-recommended postpartum screening for type 2 diabetes among patients with gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods We conducted a 24 randomized factorial experiment as part of the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) preparation phase for developing behavioral interventions. Participants with current or recent GDM in an integrated healthcare system were randomized to receive an outreach message with up to four intervention components, designed to be self-administered in about 10 min and efficiently delivered online via REDCap: a streamlined values affirmation, personalized information on diabetes risk, an interactive motivational interviewing-based component, and an interactive action planning component. Patient-reported acceptability and feasibility outcomes were assessed via survey. Results Among 162 participants, 72% self-identified with a racial/ethnic minority group. Across components, acceptability scores averaged 3.9/5; ≥91% of participants read most or all of the outreach message; ≥89% perceived the amount of information as "about right"; and ≥ 87% completed ≥1 interactive prompt. Conclusion Each intervention component was acceptable to diverse patients and feasible to deliver in a brief, self-directed, online format. Innovation These novel components target unaddressed barriers to patient engagement in guideline-recommended postpartum diabetes screening and adapt theory-based behavior change techniques for large-scale use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Brittany L. Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jenna L. Ritchie
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Ai-Lin Tsai
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Millman
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mara Greenberg
- Regional Perinatal Service Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | | | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
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Lönn A, Ekblom Ö, Kallings LV, Börjesson M, Ekström M. Decrease in accelerometer assessed physical activity during the first-year post-myocardial infarction: a prospective cohort study. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2024; 58:2397442. [PMID: 39193855 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2024.2397442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate physical activity in the first year after myocardial infarction (MI), and to explore differences in various subgroups, delineated by age, participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (exCR), or restrictions due to the covid-19 pandemic. Secondly, to explore associations between changes in physical activity variables with blood pressure and lipid levels. METHODS A longitudinal study in 2017-2023. Physical activity variables were assessed via accelerometers at two- and twelve months post-MI. The intensity was divided into, sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous-intensity physical activity, according to established cut-offs. Blood pressure and lipids were measured by standardized procedures at the same time points. RESULTS There were 178 patients included at baseline, 81% male, mean age of 64 (9 SD) years. Patients spent 72% of their time sedentary, followed by light (19%), moderate (8%), and vigorous physical activity (1%). Patients included during covid-19 restrictions and younger patients had a higher level of moderate-intensity physical activity compared to patients included during non-pandemic restrictions and older patients. At 12-month follow-up, patients overall increased time (1%) in sedentary behavior (p = 0.03) and decreased time (0.6%) in moderate-intensity physical activity (p = 0.04), regardless of participation in exCR or age. There was a positive association between the change in mean physical activity intensity and HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Participants had a low fraction of time in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity two months post-MI, which deteriorated during the first year. This emphasizes the need for improved implementation of evidence-based interventions to support and motivate patients to perform regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lönn
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Women´s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme Medical Unit Occupational therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lena Viktoria Kallings
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Family Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for lifestyle intervention, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of MGAÖ, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mattias Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zuo M, Ling XB, Wang SS, Ma K, Wan YH, Su PY, Tao FB, Sun Y. Lifestyle-specific association between adversity dimensions with group-based mental health trajectories. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:305-313. [PMID: 39142586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood adversity (CA) has a substantial correlation with mental health problems. Keeping a healthy lifestyle is essential for mental health interventions; it is unclear, however, how healthy lifestyle affect the relationship between CA and persistent mental health problems. METHODS This longitudinal study (n = 1112, 54.5 % male) collected the data on CA (measured through three dimensions: threat, deprivation and unpredictability), mental health problems, and lifestyle factors. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) was utilized to estimate trajectories for three mental health problems (i.e., depression, ADHD and overanxiety). Close friendships, regular physical activity, appropriate sleep duration, shorter screen time, and healthy eating were combined to establish a healthy lifestyle score (which ranges from 0 to 5). Higher scores indicated a healthier lifestyle. RESULTS Three trajectories of mental health problems were identified: persistently low risk (24.9 %), persistently medium-high risk (50.0 %), and persistently high risk (25.1 %). Multinomial logistic regression showed that high adversity (high-threat: β = 2.01, P < 0.001; high-deprivation: β = 1.03, P < 0.001; high-unpredictability: β = 0.83, P = 0.001; high-overall adversity: β = 1.64, P < 0.001) resulted in a persistently high risk of mental health problems; these outcomes were maintained after robust control for covariates. Further lifestyle stratification, null associations were observed among children with a healthy lifestyle, irrespective of their gender; however, after controlling for covariates, the above associations remained relatively stable only among boys. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of our findings is restricted by 1) limited racial diversity and 2) missing data. CONCLUSIONS This finding underscores the benefits of promoting a healthy lifestyle in children to prevent persistent mental health problems caused by CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zuo
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Bing Ling
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Hui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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20
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Ding D, Ekelund U. From London buses to activity trackers: A reflection of 70 years of physical activity research. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:736-738. [PMID: 38851584 PMCID: PMC11336341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo 0806, Norway; Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway
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21
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Araujo RHO, Werneck AO, de Jesus GM, Silva DRP. Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities? JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:756-758. [PMID: 38621438 PMCID: PMC11336294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Gilmar M de Jesus
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Danilo R P Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 490100-000, Brazil
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22
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Mu T, Feingold B, Hosler A, Bozlak C, Chen J, Neff R, Torres Arroyo M, Crasto-Donnelly P, Pernicka N, Pettigrew S, Russak V, Yourch P, Romeiko XX. Comparing life cycle environmental impacts of food access and consumption pre- and during COVID 19 in New York State's Capital Region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175037. [PMID: 39059660 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced household food shopping, food consumption, and food waste generation. However, the dietary environmental impacts for different income groups during COVID-19 remain unknown. To analyze dietary environmental impacts for various income groups, a process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted based on two electronic food access surveys implemented in the New York State's Capital Region during the COVID-19 pandemic and public and proprietary databases. We found that life cycle global warming potential, cumulative energy demand, acidification potential, and water resource depletion of per capital food consumption in the studied area tended to be lower during COVID-19 than pre-COVID-19. In contrast, life cycle eutrophication during COVID-19 was slightly higher than pre-COVID-19. The environmental impacts occurring at the food production stage were higher than those at the local transportation and waste disposal stages. The lowest income group had the lowest dietary environmental impacts due to their lowest food consumption of all the food categories. The second-highest income group had the highest dietary environmental impacts, since they consumed the most red meat which has a high impact intensity. This is the first study to our knowledge to investigate the differences in dietary environmental impacts among income groups during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Mu
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Beth Feingold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Akiko Hosler
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Christine Bozlak
- Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Roni Neff
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mariana Torres Arroyo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | | | - Natasha Pernicka
- The Food Pantries for the Capital District, 32 Essex Street, Albany, NY 12206, USA
| | - Stacy Pettigrew
- Radix Ecological Sustainability Center, 153 Grand Street, Albany, NY 12202, USA
| | - Victor Russak
- The Food Pantries for the Capital District, 32 Essex Street, Albany, NY 12206, USA
| | - Peyton Yourch
- The Food Pantries for the Capital District, 32 Essex Street, Albany, NY 12206, USA
| | - Xiaobo Xue Romeiko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
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23
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Tremblay MS, Duncan MJ, Kuzik N, Silva DAS, Carson V. Towards precision 24-hour movement behavior recommendations-The next new paradigm? JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:743-748. [PMID: 38734180 PMCID: PMC11336299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Tremblay
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
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24
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Yan Z, Yang J, Zhang H, Li Z, Zheng W, Li S, Huang W. The effect of depression status on osteoarthritis: A powerful two-step Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:49-56. [PMID: 39134150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. OBJECTIVE There is no conclusive epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between OA, depression, and whole-body fat mass. In this study, we conducted a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis to determine the causal relationships between them. DESIGN The published summary-level data are from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Our study included 357,957 samples and 10,828,862 SNPs. Finally, the outcome GWAS data for OA came from a GWAS on the genetic architecture of OA using UK Biobank data. This study included 50,508 samples and 15,845,511 SNPs. We used five different modes of analysis, including inverse variance weighted meta-analysis (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode, to explore causal relationships. RESULTS We found a positive correlation between depression and body fat mass, with depression leading to body fat mass an increase in (IVW result: p = 3.39E-07, OR (95 % CI) =2.16 (1.61, 2.90)). We also found a positive correlation between body fat mass and OA, with body fat mass increasing the risk of OA (IVW result: p = 1.65E-33, OR (95 % CI) = 1.98 (1.77, 2.21). Body fat mass played an important role as a mediator in the causal relationship between depression and OA, with approximately 14 % of the risk of OA caused by depression being mediated by body fat mass. CONCLUSIONS Our study offers reliable evidence that depression has a detrimental impact on the risk of OA. Future research can support these associations from improving depressed effect, including social, biological, and behavioral factors, to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis. And we identified high-risk variation of alleles which associated with OA and depression can be used to predict disease and provide a basis for clinical intervention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziyue Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weihan Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wenhua Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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25
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Ding D, Van Buskirk J, Partridge S, Clare P, Giovannucci E, Bauman A, Freene N, Gallagher R, Nguyen B. The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 older Australians: A longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:841-850. [PMID: 38810689 PMCID: PMC11336305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. However, despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health, the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly, particularly within the context of CVD prevention. We examined the independent, interactive, and joint associations of diet and physical activity with CVD hospitalization, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. METHODS CVD-free Australian participants aged 45-74 years (n = 85,545) reported physical activity, diet, sociodemographic, and lifestyle characteristics at baseline (2006-2009) and follow-up (2012-2015), and data were linked to hospitalization and death registries (03/31/2019 for CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality and 12/08/2017 for CVD mortality). Diet quality was categorized as low, medium, and high based on meeting dietary recommendations. Physical activity was operationalized as (a) total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as per guidelines, and (b) the composition of MVPA as the ratio of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) to total MVPA. We used a left-truncated cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model using time-varying covariates. RESULTS During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up, 6576 participants were admitted to the hospital for CVD and 6581 died from all causes (876 from CVD during 9.3 years). A high-quality diet was associated with a 17% lower risk of all-cause mortality than a low-quality diet, and the highest MVPA category (compared with the lowest) was associated with a 44% and 48% lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively. Multiplicative interactions between diet and physical activity were non-significant. For all outcomes, the lowest risk combinations involved a high-quality diet and the highest MVPA categories. Accounting for total MVPA, some VPA was associated with further risk reduction of CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION For CVD prevention and longevity, one should adhere to both a healthy diet and an active lifestyle and incorporate some VPA when possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Joe Van Buskirk
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Stephanie Partridge
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Philip Clare
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicole Freene
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Robyn Gallagher
- Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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26
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Sousa JN, Sousa BVDO, Santos EPD, Ribeiro GHM, Pereira APM, Guimarães VHD, Queiroz LDRP, Motta-Santos D, Farias LC, Guimarães ALS, de Paula AMB, Santos SHS. Effects of gallic acid and physical training on liver damage, force, and anxiety in obese mice: Hepatic modulation of Sestrin 2 (SESN2) and PGC-α expression. Gene 2024; 926:148606. [PMID: 38788813 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are multifactorial diseases affecting more than one-third of the world's population. Physical inactivity contributes to a positive energy balance and the onset of obesity. Exercise combined with a balanced diet is an effective non-pharmacological strategy to improve obesity-related disorders. Gallic acid (GA), is a natural endogenous polyphenol found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and wines, with beneficial effects on energetic homeostasis. The present study aims to investigate the effects of exercise training on obese mice supplemented with GA. Animal experimentation was performed with male Swiss mice divided into five groups: ST (standard control), HFD (obese control), HFD + GA (GA supplement), HFD + Trained (training), and HFD + GA + Trained (GA and training). The groups are treated for eight weeks with 200 mg/kg/body weight of the feed compound and, if applicable, physical training. The main findings of the present study show that GA supplementation improves liver fat, body weight, adiposity, and plasma insulin levels. In addition, animals treated with the GA and a physical training program demonstrate reduced levels of anxiety. Gene expression analyses show that Sesn2 is activated via PGC-1α independent of the GATOR2 protein, which is activated by GA in the context of physical activity. These data are corroborated by molecular docking analysis, demonstrating the interaction of GA with GATOR2. The present study contributes to understanding the metabolic effects of GA and physical training and demonstrates a new hepatic mechanism of action via Sestrin 2 and PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaciara Neves Sousa
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Berenilde Valéria de Oliveira Sousa
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pinheiro Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Henrique Mendes Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Post graduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Maciel Pereira
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Post graduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lorena Dos Reis Pereira Queiroz
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- Sports Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucyana Conceição Farias
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Sena Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Maurício Batista de Paula
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Post graduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Post graduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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27
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Duan H, Qin K, Hu L, Liu B, Su G, Zhang H, Xu J, Tu H. Association between sleep duration, suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and suicidal behavior among Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:348-357. [PMID: 39029697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relatively small number of studies have researched the relationship between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, attempts, and behavior. This research aims to investigate the link between sleep duration and suicide in Chinese adolescents, and to examine the role of depression as a mediating factor. METHOD Data were collected from 3315 students using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method and self-administered questionnaires. The study applied logistic regression to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and various forms of suicidal behavior, and mediation analysis to understand how depression might influence this relationship. RESULTS The average sleep duration among the adolescents was 7.25 h (±0.20), with 59.67 % reporting insufficient sleep. The logistic regression analysis showed that longer sleep duration is linked with lower risks of suicidal ideation (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.696 to 0.814), suicidal attempts (OR: 0.830, 95%CI: 0.748 to 0.922), and suicidal behavior (OR: 0.841, 95%CI: 0.713 to 0.992). Analysis using restricted cubic spline plots indicated the connection between sleep duration and these suicidal factors was not linear. The study found that depression plays a partial mediating role between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, with an effect of 52.29 %. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design could not prove causation. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear non-linear association between sleep duration and suicidal tendencies in adolescents, with depression acting as a mediator. This suggests that future research could focus on sleep and mood management as ways to address suicide risk in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmin Duan
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kang Qin
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Lingling Hu
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bing Liu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Guowei Su
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jue Xu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Huakang Tu
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
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28
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Athanasouli C, Stowe SR, LeBourgeois MK, Booth V, Diniz Behn CG. Data-driven mathematical modeling of sleep consolidation in early childhood. J Theor Biol 2024; 593:111892. [PMID: 38945471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Across early childhood development, sleep behavior transitions from a biphasic pattern (a daytime nap and nighttime sleep) to a monophasic pattern (only nighttime sleep). The transition to consolidated nighttime sleep, which occurs in most children between 2- and 5-years-old, is a major developmental milestone and reflects interactions between the developing homeostatic sleep drive and circadian system. Using a physiologically-based mathematical model of the sleep-wake regulatory network constrained by observational and experimental data from preschool-aged participants, we analyze how developmentally-mediated changes in the homeostatic sleep drive may contribute to the transition from napping to non-napping sleep patterns. We establish baseline behavior by identifying parameter sets that model typical 2-year-old napping behavior and 5-year-old non-napping behavior. Then we vary six model parameters associated with the dynamics of and sensitivity to the homeostatic sleep drive between the 2-year-old and 5-year-old parameter values to induce the transition from biphasic to monophasic sleep. We analyze the individual contributions of these parameters to sleep patterning by independently varying their age-dependent developmental trajectories. Parameters vary according to distinct evolution curves and produce bifurcation sequences representing various ages of transition onset, transition durations, and transitional sleep patterns. Finally, we consider the ability of napping and non-napping light schedules to reinforce napping or promote a transition to consolidated sleep, respectively. These modeling results provide insight into the role of the homeostatic sleep drive in promoting interindividual variability in developmentally-mediated transitions in sleep behavior and lay foundations for the identification of light- or behavior-based interventions that promote healthy sleep consolidation in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Athanasouli
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; School of Mathematics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 686 Cherry St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Shelby R Stowe
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Monique K LeBourgeois
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Victoria Booth
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5048, USA.
| | - Cecilia G Diniz Behn
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Dai J, Chen H, Sun H. Psychometric property and measurement invariance of perceived benefits and barriers of physical activity in Chinese adolescents. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:322-328. [PMID: 38947123 PMCID: PMC11214508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity play crucial roles in determining daily physical activity levels. However, previous studies have employed tools lacking adequate validation, leading to inconsistent conclusions about the impact of these two factors. Therefore, this national, population-based study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties, measurement invariance, and predictive validity of the Chinese versions of the perceived benefits (C-PBEPA) and barriers to physical activity (C-PBAPA) scales. Methods The final sample (N = 2942, 49.3 % for boys) was randomly split into two subsamples. The first subsample was used for exploratory factor analysis and the second subsample was used for confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance across gender and age groups were examined. Structural equation models were developed to examine the predictive validity of the revised C-PBEPA and C-PBAPA on moderate to vigorous PA. Results The results showed that both scales were unidimensional, had excellent model fit (e.g., X 2/df < 3, CFI >0.9, RMSEA <0.06) and demonstrated convergent validity. Findings also revealed lack of scalar invariance for C-PBAPA between preadolescents and adolescents' groups (ΔCFI >0.01) and supported the predictive validity of both scales (p < 0.001). Conclusion The study demonstrated that the revised C-PBEPA and C-PBAPA are valid scales for measuring Chinese adolescents' perceived benefits and barriers to PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dai
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Han Chen
- Valdosta State University, Department of Teacher Education KSPE, Valdosta, GA, 31698, USA
| | - Haichun Sun
- University of South Florida, College of Education, Tampa, FL, USA
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Channak S, Speklé EM, van der Beek AJ, Janwantanakul P. Effect of two dynamic seat cushions on postural shift, trunk muscle activation and spinal discomfort in office workers. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 120:104337. [PMID: 38885573 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of two dynamic seat cushions on postural shift, trunk muscle activation and spinal discomfort. In this repeated-measures study, 30 healthy office workers were randomly assigned to a sequence of three conditions: sitting on a dynamic seat cushion-A, cushion-B and control (no seat cushion). The two dynamic seat cushions had different inflation levels. Participants typed a standard text for an hour and were monitored for postural shift by using a seat pressure mat, transversus abdominis/internal oblique and lumbar multifidus muscles activity by using surface EMG, spinal discomfort by using Borg's CR-10 scale. Two-way repeated ANOVAs showed no statistically significant interaction effects between condition and time on postural shift and muscle activation. Post hoc Bonferroni tests showed that postural shifts and lumbar multifidus activation during sitting on cushion-A were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in the control and cushion-B conditions. Both cushions reduced spinal discomfort, compared to the control condition (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinant Channak
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Erwin M Speklé
- Arbo Unie B.V., Occupational Health Service, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Prawit Janwantanakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Aguilar-Farias N, Miranda-Marquez S, Toledo-Vargas M, Sadarangani KP, Ibarra-Mora J, Martino-Fuentealba P, Carcamo-Oyarzun J, Cristi-Montero C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Guarda-Saavedra P, Balboa-Castillo T, Von Oetinger A, Cortinez-O'Ryan A. Results from Chile's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:390-396. [PMID: 39188552 PMCID: PMC11345282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To summarize the results of Chile's 2022 Report Card (RC) on physical activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents. Methods Chile's 2022 RC included ten core PA indicators common to the Global Matrix 4.0. Evidence from scientific articles, reports, and databases published between 2018 and January 2022 was included for each indicator. The data were collected and analyzed by a national scientific committee, which assigned letter grades (A to F) using a consensus based on benchmarks defined and revised by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance. Results The committee assigned the following grades: Overall PA, D-; Organized Sports and Physical Activity Participation, C-; Active Play, Incomplete; Active Transportation, D; Sedentary Behavior, D-; Physical Fitness, Incomplete; Family and Peers, D; School, C; Community and Environment, D+; Government, A-. Conclusions Chile's 2022 RC, like its previous versions, shows persistently low grades for most indicators. Overall PA remained nearly unchanged, while Community and Environment scored lower. Slight improvements were seen in Organized Sports, Family and Peers, and School Environment. While Chile has endeavored to increase children's activity levels, policies require implementation through a systemic, coherent framework to promote sustainable changes and reach a larger portion of children and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sebastian Miranda-Marquez
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marcelo Toledo-Vargas
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Kabir P. Sadarangani
- Subdirección de Desarrollo Académico e Investigación, Instituto Teletón, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Jessica Ibarra-Mora
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
- CIAM Physical Literacy Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Social Science & Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pia Martino-Fuentealba
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jaime Carcamo-Oyarzun
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- CIAM Physical Literacy Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Social Science & Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Paula Guarda-Saavedra
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- CIAM Physical Literacy Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Social Science & Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Teresa Balboa-Castillo
- Department of Public Health, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
- EPICYN Research Centre of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Astrid Von Oetinger
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Dentistry, Universidad Diego Portales, 8370057, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Cortinez-O'Ryan
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- UFRO Actívate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Phillips LA, More KR, Russell D, Kim HS. Evaluating the impact of individuals' morningness-eveningness on the effectiveness of a habit-formation intervention for a simple and a complex behavior. J Behav Med 2024; 47:804-818. [PMID: 39014034 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Planning-based interventions are often used to help individuals form habits. Existing literature suggests a one-size-fits all approach to habit formation, but planning interventions may be optimized if tailored to individual differences and/or behavioral complexity. We test the hypothesis that planning to do a relatively complex behaviour (exercise) at a time that matches an individuals' diurnal preference will facilitate behavioral engagement; whereas for a simpler behaviour (calcium supplementation), the optimal time-of-day for a new behavior will occur in the morning. Young, women volunteers (N = 317) were randomly assigned to take calcium supplements or to exercise for 4 weeks and to control (no planning) or to one of three planning interventions (morning plan; evening plan; unassigned-time plan). Participants reported diurnal preference at baseline and habit strength and behavioral frequency weekly. Fitbit Zips and Medication Event Monitoring System Caps (MEMS) were used to objectively assess behavioral engagement. Multilevel modelling found that calcium-supplementation was greatest for morning-types in the morning-cue condition, whereas exercise was greatest for morning-types with morning cues and evening-types with evening cues. Habit-formation strategies may depend on diurnal preference and behavioral complexity. Future research can evaluate the role of other individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - Hyun Seon Kim
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
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Talavera GA, Castañeda SF, Lopez-Gurrola MD, Alvarez-Malo AR, Hernandez J, Estrada I, Narayan U, Ruetuer C, Natarajan L, Sears DD, Takemoto M, Chang YJ, Avitia Y, Haimovich A, Ornelas L, De La Torre A, Carlson J, Allison MA. Arriba por la Vida Estudio: a randomized controlled trial promoting standing behavior to reduce sitting time among postmenopausal Latinas. J Behav Med 2024; 47:782-791. [PMID: 38722441 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00493-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/31/2024]
Abstract
Postmenopausal Hispanic/Latina (N = 254) women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 were randomized to an intervention to reduce sitting time or a comparison condition for 12 weeks. The standing intervention group received three in-person health-counseling sessions, one home visit, and up to eight motivational interviewing calls. The heart healthy lifestyle comparison group (C) received an equal number of contact hours to discuss healthy aging. The primary outcome was 12-week change in sitting time measured via thigh-worn activPAL. Group differences in outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Participants had a mean age of 65 (6.5) years, preferred Spanish language (89%), BMI of 32.4 (4.8) kg/m2, and sat for an average of 540 (86) minutes/day. Significant between-group differences were observed in reductions of sitting time across the 12-week period [Mdifference (SE): C - 7.5 (9.1), SI - 71.0 (9.8), p < 0.01]. Results demonstrate that coaching models to reduce sitting are feasible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Sheila F Castañeda
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Maria D Lopez-Gurrola
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ana Rebeca Alvarez-Malo
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Johanne Hernandez
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Isel Estrada
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Umesh Narayan
- Department of Psychology, South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chase Ruetuer
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Dorothy D Sears
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Ya-Ju Chang
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Luis Ornelas
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jordan Carlson
- Children's Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Park J, Zahabi M, Huang H, Benden M. A novel approach for predicting usability of upper limb prostheses. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 120:104344. [PMID: 38991493 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Limb amputation can lead to significant functional challenges in daily activities, prompting amputees to use prosthetic devices (PDs). However, the cognitive demands of PDs and usability issues have resulted in user rejections. This study aimed to create a Human Performance Model for Upper-Limb Prosthetic Devices (HPM-UP). The model used formulations of learnability, error rate, memory load, efficiency, and satisfaction to assess usability. The model was validated in an experiment with 30 healthy participants using a bypass prosthetic device. Findings indicated that the HPM-UP successfully predicted the usability of prosthetic devices, aligning with human subject data. This research proposes a quantitative approach to predict upper limb prosthetic device usability by quantifying each dimension and computationally connecting them. The model, available on Github and executable with Rstudio, could enable clinicians to assess and analyze the human performance of various commercial prostheses, aiding in recommending optimal devices for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Department of General Engineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Zahabi
- Wm Michael Barnes '64 Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - He Huang
- Joint Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark Benden
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Chawner LR, Birtill P, Cockroft JE, Hetherington MM. Eating vegetables at school lunchtimes: Pilot and feasibility studies testing strategies to improve intake. Appetite 2024; 201:107622. [PMID: 39111715 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Vegetable provision at schools in the UK has increased over recent years; however children still eat few of the vegetables that are served to them. Two experimental pilot and feasibility studies implemented a vegetables-served-first (study 1) plus experiential learning (study 2) approach to increase children's (3-5 years and 4-7 years respectively) vegetable consumption at school lunchtimes. Both studies involved vegetables-served-first 10-min before the rest of the meal, with experiential learning techniques (repeated exposure, "veg-first" dinner plates, vegetable songs, videos, and nutrition education) complementing the vegetable service in study 2. Study 1 (n = 38) found that vegetables-served-first, compared with serving all foods together, increased vegetable intake by ∼12 g. Study 2 (n = 69) found that vegetable consumption depended on individual schools. Schools where vegetable intake was low showed increases in consumption during intervention weeks, whereas schools with high vegetable intake showed little change. Acceptability of interventions was found to be good for children and schools that participated, although concerns about time to serve vegetables first and COVID-related environmental restrictions reduced feasibility for some schools. Child engagement could also be improved by offering a wider variety of vegetables during repeated exposure to reduce monotony. Future research should design interventions using co-design methods including schools to suit their context best, whilst also addressing the problem with a systems approach. Interventions which focus on child learning through experience need to take account of specific school environments including curricular needs, resources available for school lunch (including both time and space), provision of food, support from teachers and parents, and the culture around eating (e.g. encouragement, pressure to eat, lunchtime competing with playtime). Joined-up systems approaches could enhance both provision and uptake of vegetables at school meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Chawner
- School of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - P Birtill
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - J E Cockroft
- Phunky Foods, Purely Nutrition Ltd., Marlow, Buckinghamshire, SL7 2QH, UK.
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Rogers PJ, Vural Y, Flynn AN, Brunstrom JM. Nutrient clustering, NOVA classification, and nutrient profiling: How do they overlap, and what do they predict about food palatability? Appetite 2024; 201:107596. [PMID: 38969105 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
We compared the performance of three food categorisation metrics in predicting palatability (taste pleasantness) using a dataset of 52 foods, each rated virtually (online) by 72-224 participants familiar with the foods in question, as described in Appetite 193 (2024) 107124. The metrics were nutrient clustering, NOVA, and nutrient profiling. The first two of these metrics were developed to identify, respectively: 'hyper-palatable' foods (HPFs); and ultra-processed foods (UPFs), which are claimed to be 'made to be hyper-palatable'. The third metric categorises foods as high fat, sugar, salt (HFSS) foods versus non-HFSS foods. There were overlaps, but also significant differences, in categorisation of the foods by the three metrics: of the 52 foods, 35 (67%) were categorised as HPF, and/or UPF, and/or HFSS, and 17 (33%) were categorised as none of these. There was no significant difference in measured palatability between HPFs and non-HPFs, nor between UPFs and non-UPFs (p ≥ 0.412). HFSS foods were significantly more palatable than non-HFSS foods (p = 0.049). None of the metrics significantly predicted food reward (desire to eat). These results do not support the use of hypothetical combinations of food ingredients as proxies for palatability, as done explicitly by the nutrient clustering and NOVA metrics. To discover what aspects of food composition predict palatability requires measuring the palatability of a wide range of foods that differ in composition, as we do here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Rogers
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Yeliz Vural
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Letters, Psychology Department, Kanuni Campus, Ortahisar, Trabzon, Turkiye, 61080
| | - Annika N Flynn
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey M Brunstrom
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Hunt ET, Brazendale K, De Moraes AC, Malkani R, Heredia NI, Pfledderer CD, Brown DM, Hoelscher DM, Beets MW, Weaver RG. Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Among U.S. Adolescents Before and During COVID-19: Findings From a Large Cohort Study. AJPM FOCUS 2024; 3:100253. [PMID: 39175501 PMCID: PMC11340494 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Evidence suggests that adolescents engage in less physical activity during the summer break. Less is known regarding physical activity during the summer months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Utilizing data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the authors examined daily activity measured by Fitbit Charge 2 devices before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during school and summer months. Linear models estimated activity during pre-COVID-19 school, pre-COVID-19 summer, COVID-19 school, and COVID-19 summer. Results Participants (N=7,179, aged 11.96 years, 51% female, 51% White) accumulated 8,671.0 (95% CI=8,544.7; 8,797.3) steps, 32.5 (95% CI=30.8, 32.3) minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and 507.2 (95% CI=504.2, 510.2) minutes of sedentary time. During COVID-19 school, adolescents accumulated fewer daily steps and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (-1,782.3 steps [95% CI= -2,052.7; -1,511.8] and -6.2 minutes [95% CI= -8.4, -4.0], respectively). Adolescents accumulated more minutes of daily sedentary time (29.6 minutes [95% CI=18.9, 40.3]) during COVID-19 school months than during the pre-COVID-19 school months. During pre-COVID-19 summer months, adolescents accumulated 1,255.1 (95% CI=745.3; 1,765.0) more daily steps than during COVID-19 months. Boys accumulated more daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (2,011.5 steps [95% CI=1,271.9; 2,751.0] and 7.9 minutes [95% CI=1.4, 14.4], respectively) during the summer before COVID-19 than in summer during COVID-19. Both girls and boys accumulated more minutes of sedentary time during COVID-19 school months (47.4 [95% CI=27.5, 67.3] and 51.2 [95% CI=22.8, 79.7], respectively) than during COVID-19 summer months. Conclusions Societal restrictions during COVID-19 negatively impacted activity levels in the U.S., particularly during the summer months during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T. Hunt
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health Sciences, UCF College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Augusto C.F. De Moraes
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Raja Malkani
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Natalia I. Heredia
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Christopher D. Pfledderer
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Denver M. Brown
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Deanna M. Hoelscher
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin, Texas
| | - Michael W. Beets
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Robert G. Weaver
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Jiang Y, Zhang M, Cui J. The relationship between sedentary behavior and depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:723-730. [PMID: 39032707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between sedentary behavior and depression in older adults has been reported in several studies; however, study results on the relationship between the different types of sedentary behavior and depression are not uniform. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively review the association between depression and total sedentary behavior, mentally active sedentary behavior, and passive sedentary behavior. METHODS We systematically searched for observational studies on the association between sedentary behavior and depression in older adults using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A random effects model was used to combine odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, we performed subgroup and sensitivity analyses to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Five longitudinal and 10 cross-sectional studies with a total of 144,161 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The OR of total sedentary behavior associated with depression was 1.49 (95 % CI 1.24-1.79). The combined OR value of mentally active sedentary behavior and depression was 0.82 (95 % CI 0.69-0.97), and no association was found between passive sedentary behavior and the risk of depression. LIMITATIONS We were unable to find dose-response relationships between the different types of sedentary behavior and depression because there were too few studies with raw data to analyze. CONCLUSION Total sedentary behavior may increase the risk of depression in older adults, whereas mentally active sedentary behavior is associated with a lower risk of depression. Differentiating between the types of sedentary behavior can inform interventions to prevent or ameliorate depression in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Nursing & Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Nursing & Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jingping Cui
- Department of Nursing & Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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Gonzales A, Lin JH, Cha JS. A year-long case study of multicomponent interventions to promote physical activity in office workers: A randomized control trial. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 120:104333. [PMID: 38876003 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify if workplace interventions, (i.e., mindfulness classes and monetary incentives for gym attendance), influenced workers' physical activity. Office-based participants were randomized into one of four intervention assignments: 1) CONTROL (no interventions) (n = 40), 2) MINDFULNESS (n = 33), 3) GYM INCENTIVE (n = 41), or 4) BOTH mindfulness and gym incentive (n = 31). Activity-tracker and self-reported metabolic expenditure and step counts were gathered between January 2020 and December 2020 whereas the eight-week long interventions were provided between January and March 2020, when the impact of COVID-19 pandemic started. While physical activity decreased during the follow-up months, percent changes of physical activity at 1-, 2-, and 9-month follow-ups compared to baseline show no significant differences between or across the four intervention assignments (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the intervention assignments had no effect on physical activity from baseline. The lack of effectiveness of these interventions on participant physical activity could be attributed to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any effects of the interventions could not outweigh the effects of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Gonzales
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, USA
| | - Jia-Hua Lin
- SHARP, Washington State Department of Labor & Industries, USA
| | - Jackie S Cha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, USA.
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40
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Li W, Wu Z, Liao X, Geng D, Yang J, Dai M, Talipti M. Nutritional management interventions and multi-dimensional outcomes in frail and pre-frail older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 125:105480. [PMID: 38776700 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty, a prevalent geriatric syndrome, presents challenges exacerbated by malnutrition. Nutritional Management Interventions (NMIs) offer hope in frailty reversal, necessitating exploration of their multi-dimensional outcomes. OBJECTIVES Assess NMIs' impact on frail and pre-frail older adults across diverse outcomes. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies (2012-2023) evaluated NMIs' effects on physical, dietary, psychological, and frailty aspects. Literature quality was assessed, and data analyzed with Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS A total of 13 studies involving participants were included in the analysis. Participants numbered 968, with the intervention group averaging 77.05±0.77 years and the control group 78.75±0.8 years. Compared to control groups,NMIs significantly increased body weight (SMD = 0.26, P = 0.03) and improved gait speed (SMD = 0.18, P = 0.03). Protein intake showed significance for interventions≤12 weeks (SMD = 1.04, P < 0.001). No significant differences in energy intake (SMD = 0.20, P = 0.60), but >12 weeks NMIs reduced energy intake (SMD = -0.73, P = 0.006). No significant differences in depressive symptoms, frailty scores, BMI, TUG, Handgrip Strength, or SPPB. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis underscores NMIs' potential benefits for frail and pre-frail older adults. Personalized, multidimensional interventions are recommended despite study limitations, emphasizing extended interventions and diverse assessments for holistic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China
| | | | - Xiaoqin Liao
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China.
| | - Dandan Geng
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China
| | - Jiechao Yang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China
| | - Mengqiao Dai
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China
| | - Muksar Talipti
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 56 Mailbox, China
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Pickard A, Farrow C, Haycraft E, Herle M, Edwards K, Llewellyn C, Croker H, Blissett J. Associations between parent and child latent eating profiles and the role of parental feeding practices. Appetite 2024; 201:107589. [PMID: 38977034 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Previous research employing the person-centred approach of Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) with parent-reported data of their child's eating behaviour identified four distinct eating profiles in 3-6-year-old children: typical, avid, happy, and avoidant eating (Pickard et al., 2023). In this follow-up study, the same parents were asked to self-report their own eating behaviour (N = 785) and LPA was conducted to determine the latent eating profiles of the parents/caregivers. The LPA showed that a four-profile solution best represented the sample of parents, termed: typical eating (n = 325, 41.4%), avid eating (n = 293, 37.3%), emotional eating (n = 123, 15.7%) and avoidant eating (n = 44, 5.6%). Multiple mediation analysis was then conducted to examine both the direct associations between parents' eating profiles and the child's probability of eating profile membership, as well as the indirect associations through the mediatory role of specific parental feeding practices. The results suggested direct links between parent and child eating profiles, with the 'avid eating' and 'avoidant eating' profiles in parents predicting similar profiles in their children. Feeding practices, such as using food for emotional regulation, providing balanced and varied food, and promoting a healthy home food environment, mediated associations between parent and child eating profiles. This research provides novel evidence to reinforce the need for interventions to be specifically tailored to both the parent's and child's eating profiles. The work also provides an interesting avenue for future longitudinal examination of whether the parents' provision of a healthy home food environment could protect against intergenerational transmission of less favourable eating behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Pickard
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Claire Farrow
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK
| | - Moritz Herle
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katie Edwards
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Clare Llewellyn
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Helen Croker
- World Cancer Research Fund International, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline Blissett
- School of Psychology and Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Peral-Suárez Á, Haycraft E, Blyth F, Holley CE, Pearson N. Dietary habits across the primary-secondary school transition: A systematic review. Appetite 2024; 201:107612. [PMID: 39067482 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transition to secondary school involves significant changes in children's social and physical environment, which are often accompanied by changes in dietary habits. However, evidence around how dietary habits change during this life-stage transition is variable. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to identify, critically appraise, and summarise the wide-ranging evidence on changes in dietary habits across the primary-secondary school transition. METHODS Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched for relevant studies published in English or Spanish from inception to February 2024. Longitudinal studies with a baseline quantitative assessment of dietary habits when children were in their last year or two of primary/elementary school with at least one follow-up assessment of dietary habits when children were in their first or second year of secondary/middle/junior-high school were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Seven studies (10 independent samples) were eligible for inclusion, and fourteen different dietary habits outcomes were reported across the seven studies. The frequency of consuming breakfast, fruit, vegetables, and milk decreased across the primary-secondary school transition. Inconsistent results were found regarding changes in the frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juice, snacks, and fast-foods. Many dietary habits were only evaluated in single studies. CONCLUSIONS There is moderate evidence for a decrease in the frequency of consumption of breakfast, fruit, vegetables, and milk in children across the transition from primary to secondary school. This highlights this timeframe as a valuable period for intervention to promote the continuation of positive dietary habits. More high-quality longitudinal studies using homogeneous methodologies to evaluate changes in dietary habits across the school transition are needed to fully understand the implications of this transition on children's diet and health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- África Peral-Suárez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Finn Blyth
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Clare E Holley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Natalie Pearson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Niclou AM, Cabre HE, Flanagan EW, Redman LM. Precision Interventions Targeting the Maternal Metabolic Milieu for Healthy Pregnancies in Obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2024; 24:227-235. [PMID: 39162956 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-024-01550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Entering pregnancy with obesity increases the risk of adverse health outcomes for parent and child. As such, research interventions are largely focused on limiting excess gestational weight gain during pregnancy, especially in those with obesity. Yet, while many lifestyle interventions are successful in reducing GWG, few affect pregnancy outcomes. Here we review work targeting the metabolic milieu instead of focusing solely on weight. RECENT FINDINGS Work done in non-pregnant populations suggests that specifically targeting glucose, triglyceride, and leptin levels or inflammatory makers improves the metabolic milieu and overall health. We posit that precision interventions that include strategies such as time restricted eating, following the 24 h movement guidelines, or reducing sedentary behavior during pregnancy can be successful approaches benefiting the maternal metabolic milieu and minimize the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Personalized tools such as continuous glucose monitors or community-based approaches play an important role in pre-conception health and should be extrapolated to pregnancy interventions to directly benefit the metabolic milieu optimizing health outcomes for both parent and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Niclou
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Hannah E Cabre
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Emily W Flanagan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Leanne M Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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Baker LN, Fuglestad AJ. Parent's use of coercive control practices with food is associated with poorer emotion regulation and increased emotional overeating in preschoolers. Appetite 2024; 201:107608. [PMID: 39029529 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Emotional overeating is defined as eating in response to emotions. Around the preschool years, there is a shift from emotional undereating to overeating, which suggests environmental influences in the development of overeating. The use of food by parents to control their child's emotions, rather than to teach them appropriate emotion regulation strategies, may impact the child's ability to regulate their own emotions, resulting in emotional overeating. We hypothesized that such coercive control practices with food by parents would be associated with poorer ability of the child to regulate their own emotions, which in turn would lead to increased emotional overeating, but not emotional undereating. Mothers of four- and five-year-olds (N = 221) were recruited through MTurk and Prolific to complete online questionnaires measuring food parenting practices (Comprehensive Feeding Style Questionnaire and Parent Feeding Style Questionnaire), child emotion regulation (Emotion Regulation Checklist), and child emotional eating (Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire). Several mediation models were tested. Parent's use of food to control emotions and behavior was associated with higher levels of emotional overeating, which was mediated by poorer child emotion regulation. However, child emotion regulation did not mediate the association between parent's use of food to control emotions and behavior and the child's emotional undereating. Taken together, these models suggest that parent's use of coercive control with food may lead to child emotional overeating, but not emotional undereating, by teaching children to regulate their emotions through eating rather than more adaptive regulation strategies. Future experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to directly test the nature and direction of these associations and whether coercive control with food teaches children to overeat in response to their emotions in lieu of using appropriate emotion regulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay N Baker
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Anita J Fuglestad
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States.
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45
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Park SK, Park S, Jee YS. Effects of physical inactivity behavior during COVID-19 pandemic on physical fitness, body composition, inflammatory cytokine, and immunocytes in older adults: A retrospective and prospective study. Physiol Behav 2024; 284:114640. [PMID: 39019133 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The prolonged period of COVID-19 has ingrained physical inactivity as a habit, leading to a reluctance to move. This has resulted in a decline in physical fitness and the loss of a healthy body composition. While this trend is particularly noticeable among the older adults, its impact on the immune cell defense system, which is crucial for minimizing viral infections, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the physical fitness, body composition, cytokines and immunocytes of older adults who engaged in physical activity (PA) before the COVID-19 pandemic but had to stop it due to the lockdown. A total of 172 older adults aged 61 to 85 years participated in this study: 90 in non-PA group (NPAG, 34 men and 56 women), and 82 in PA group (PAG, 29 men and 53 women). Physical inactivity was 45.13 ± 5.67 weeks in the NPAG and 1.70 ± 0.43 weeks in the PAG. Although there was no significant difference in calorie intake, PA volume showed a significant decrease in NPGA (P < 0.001). VO₂max, strength, and sit-ups decreased in NPAG, whereas they maintained or increased in PAG (Ps < 0.001). NPAG experienced an increase in fat mass (∼33.0 %), along with a decrease in muscle mass (∼10.4 %), but PAG showed slight increases (∼1.1 % vs. ∼1.5 %, Ps < 0.001). Interleukin-6 (∼38.9 %), tumor necrosis factor-α (∼38.3 %), and C-reactive protein (∼33.6 %) increased, whereas immunocytes decreased in NPAG (Ps < 0.001). In contrast, those in PAG showed the opposite phenomenon. This study indicates that even during the COVID-19 situation, maintaining active PA in the older adults helps retain beneficial physical fitness and body composition, reduces inflammatory factors, and contributes to preserving or enhancing the function of immunocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kyun Park
- Department of Physical Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sihwa Park
- Research Institute of Sports and Industry Science, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Jee
- Research Institute of Sports and Industry Science, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea; Department of Public Health ∙ Special Education, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea.
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46
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Faust AM, Auerbeck A, Lee AM, Kim I, Conroy DE. Passive sensing of smartphone use, physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Behav Med 2024; 47:770-781. [PMID: 38824462 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The research that links excessive screen time to adverse health outcomes is based on self-reported screen use. Few studies have documented how passively-sensed smartphone and app use relate to health behaviors like activity and sitting. Furthermore, they have not considered that daily fluctuations in smartphone/app use may have different relationships to these behaviors than a person's usual smartphone/app use. This study evaluated whether physical activity or sedentary (sitting) behavior are associated with either smartphone screen time or specific smartphone app use by adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents and young adults aged 13-29 years wore activPAL4 micro activity monitors while their smartphones logged daily screen time and app use durations for nine days. Data were collected in 2020-2021 and analyzed in 2022-2023. Participants (N = 125) had a mean (SD) age of 19.7 (4.3) years. Participants' usual smartphone screen time was negatively associated with daily step counts. Daily deviations in smartphone screen time were negatively associated with daily step counts and moderate-vigorous physical activity durations. Time spent on Instagram, YouTube and, to a lesser extent, TikTok were linked with reduced activity levels. Daily sedentary behavior was not associated with usual or daily screen time. Interventions to promote physical activity during the transition into adulthood may benefit from limiting excessive smartphone screen time. Specific intervention targets could include limiting use of apps with infinite scrolling feeds algorithmically tuned to maintain user engagement, such as Instagram, YouTube and TikTok.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Faust
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Alexandria Auerbeck
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra M Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ian Kim
- Department of Population & Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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Grafft N, Gago C, Garcia E, Aftosmes-Tobio A, Jurkowski JM, Blaine RE, Davison KK. Parent Experiences of Empowerment: Understanding the Role of Parent Empowerment in Child Health Promotion. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2024; 47:261-274. [PMID: 39158172 PMCID: PMC11335312 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing healthy behaviors during a child's first 5 years is essential for healthy growth. Parents are targeted as agents of change because they serve as primary models of behavior during this period. Although parent-focused interventions often target empowerment as a driver of change, our understanding of how parents experience the process of empowerment in the context of child health promotion remains limited. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study explored the process by which parents gain empowerment through participation in a health promotion intervention. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 low-income parents who participated in Parents Connect for Healthy Living (PConnect), a 10-week empowerment-centered obesity prevention intervention. Data were analyzed using inductive-deductive thematic analysis and guided by empowerment theories. RESULTS Most parents were Hispanic/Latino (41%) and female (97%). Five themes emerged that correspond to the process by which parents gained empowerment: (1) friendships formed and relationships strengthened during PConnect, (2) parents strengthened relationships with their children and believed in their ability to parent successfully, (3) the experience of knowledge led to behavior change, (4) parents used new resources to improve family health, and (5) parents took action. CONCLUSION Empowerment theory should be a component of health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Grafft
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Mrs Grafft); Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Gago); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Ms Garcia); Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Ms Aftosmes-Tobio); Health Policy, Management, & Behavior, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York (Dr Jurkowski); Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California (Dr Blaine); and Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Dr Davison)
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Dos Santos Leal K, Pinto da Costa M, Vilela S. Socioeconomic and household framework influences in school-aged children's eating habits: Understanding the parental roles. Appetite 2024; 201:107605. [PMID: 39029528 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Maternal influences on children's diet have been widely studied, while paternal and household frameworks require further research. This study aimed to evaluate how individual, socioeconomic and household characteristics at birth and 7 years (y) impact children's fruit and vegetable (FV) and energy-dense foods (EDF) intake at 10y, distinguishing maternal and paternal effects. The sample included 2750 children evaluated at 7 and 10y in the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI. The children's food intake was assessed through a Food Frequency Questionnaire at both ages, where 4 food groups were defined: FV, 'Sweet foods', 'Salty snacks', and 'Soft drinks'. The associations between food intake at 7y, parents' and children's characteristics, and food intake at 10y were evaluated via binary logistic regression models. Offspring of older mothers with higher age and education, who live with siblings and had higher family income were likelier to have 5 servings of FV daily at 10y. Children eating 5 portions/day of FV at 7y had higher odds of keeping this pattern at 10y. Higher maternal age and education, and father's education decreased the odds of having soft drinks daily at 10y. Higher family income was linked with lower odds of weekly salty snacks and daily sweet foods at 10y. In conclusion, parental education, maternal age, living with siblings, and higher family income influenced children's FV and EDF intake at 10y. Mothers' effects appear to impact children's food intake more than fathers'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dos Santos Leal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Pinto da Costa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
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Martin H, Stenling A, Hargreaves EA. Motivational profiles for eating behavior and their associations with intuitive eating. Appetite 2024; 201:107603. [PMID: 39002565 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Intuitive eating is an adaptive eating approach shown to have positive psychological and physical health outcomes. Understanding the motivation behind eating behavior can provide valuable information for why some women eat intuitively and others do not. Using self-determination theory (SDT), this study aimed to identify motivational profiles for eating behavior and examine differences in intuitive eating across these motivational profiles. A nationally representative sample of New Zealand women (n = 1447) aged 40-50 years (M = 45.4; SD = 3.2) completed questionnaires assessing motivation and intuitive eating. Latent profile analysis identified five profiles characterized by varying levels of the global and specific forms of behavioral regulation described by SDT. The self-determined profile, characterized by high levels of global self-determination, had higher intuitive eating scores. The internalized profile, characterized by high levels of identified and integrated regulation, had average intuitive eating scores. The conflicted profile, characterized by high levels on most forms of behavioral regulation, and the unmotivated profile, characterized low levels on all forms of behavioral regulation, had a mix of high and low intuitive eating subscale scores. The amotivated profile, characterized by very high levels of amotivation, had lower intuitive eating scores. A motivational profile characterized by higher levels of self-determination and lower levels of the extrinsic forms of behavioral regulation appears to be beneficial for intuitive eating. Therefore, SDT-informed eating behavior interventions that enhance women's self-determined motivation should be created to facilitate intuitive eating in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Martin
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andreas Stenling
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Elaine Anne Hargreaves
- School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Prater MC, Guadagni AJ, Cooper JA. Postprandial appetite responses to a pecan enriched meal: A randomized crossover trial. Appetite 2024; 201:107598. [PMID: 38971424 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Longer-term pecan consumption has shown appetite-regulating effects as a part of a free-living diet, yet the physiologic appetite responses to a single pecan-containing meal are unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute physiologic, subjective, and direct appetite responses of a pecan-containing meal to an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal. This was an acute meal challenge study utilizing a double-blinded randomized crossover design with two periods. Participants were young, healthy adults (BMI: 22.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2, age: 22 ± 3 y) who consumed a meal containing either 68 g of pecans (PEC; 795 kcal) or an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal (CON; 794 kcal) on separate testing days. At both testing visits, five postprandial blood draws, and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires (in-lab) were used to determine differences in peptide YY (PYY), ghrelin, and subjective appetite over a 4-h postprandial period. Participants also completed VAS questionnaires (at-home) and food records for the rest of the day after leaving the testing visits. Thirty-one out of thirty-two randomized participants completed the study. There was a greater overall postprandial PYY response (p < 0.001), and a greater suppression of postprandial ghrelin after time point 120 min (p < 0.001), with the PEC vs. CON meal. Further, there was a greater increase in subjective fullness (p = 0.001), and suppression of at-home overall appetite (p = 0.02), from time 240-780 min post-meal with PEC vs. CON meals. There were no differences in self-reported EI between meals or any other VAS measure. In conclusion, a pecan-containing breakfast shake produced more favorable physiologic and subjective improvements in appetite compared to an energy- and macronutrient-matched control meal. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05230212).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catherine Prater
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Alyssa J Guadagni
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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