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Anderson KM, Camacho LM, Conner NE. Understanding the Intersection Between Racial Segregation, Social Isolation and Safety Perceptions on Health for an Economically Disadvantaged Urban Community. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 39:870-885. [PMID: 39264255 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2398074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Safety concerns continue to be challenging amid racially segregated communities of urban concentrated disadvantage. Although contributing factors to crime in such neighborhoods have been described, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how social isolation and perceptions of safety impact community health. This qualitative study explored how minoritized residents (N = 23) from an urban community of economic disadvantage perceived the influence of environmental and residential conditions on their health. Use of the grounded theory method produced conceptual insights into the process of how safety concerns led to fear, which created stress and prevented residents from using outdoor public spaces. Additionally, results indicated how the cyclical nature of such physical withdrawal reinforced social isolation and stigma by those outside the community, ultimately affecting residents' ability to maintain healthy living. Implications include implementing a multi-pronged public health policy that addresses safety perceptions, crime exposure, and social inclusion to improve health conditions in low-income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lori M Camacho
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida
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52
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Huang R, Li S, Hu J, Ren R, Ma C, Peng Y, Wang D. Adverse childhood experiences and falls in older adults: The mediating role of depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:87-94. [PMID: 39151763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and falls in older adults, and the mediating effects of depression on such associations. METHODS This is a prospective study used survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Twelve expanded ACEs obtained from the 2014 Life History Survey. Depression levels were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10. Self-reported outcomes of falling evaluated based on "Have you fallen down since the last survey?" and "How many times have you fallen down seriously enough to need medical treatment?" Logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between ACEs with falls and recurrent falls. Poisson regression models were used to explore the relationship between ACEs and number of severe falls. Besides, mediation analysis was used to explore whether depression mediates the relationship between ACEs and falls in older adults. RESULTS The more adverse childhood experiences experienced, the higher the risk of fall and recurrent falls, and the more severe the falls. Additionally, depression partially mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and falls. Besides, middle-aged individuals were more susceptible to the impact of adverse childhood experiences on falls than older individuals, especially males. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to adverse childhood experiences is associated with falls in older adults, and depression partially mediates this association. Middle-aged adults were more susceptible to the impact of adverse childhood experiences on falls. These offer important information for clinical practice and public health interventions to prevent falls and reduce fall-related injuries among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnian Huang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siru Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Junwei Hu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Rui Ren
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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53
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Liu K, Sun M, Guo R, Wang H, Chen T, Li Y, Wang C, Yang H. Anisotropic cellulose-based phase change aerogels for acoustic-thermal energy conversion and management. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 344:122532. [PMID: 39218554 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Porous materials are usually used as sound-absorbing materials to alleviate noise pollution problems. However, the heat energy conversed from the acoustic energy is wasteful. Herein, anisotropic cellulose-based phase change aerogels (MXene/CNF-C/PEG aerogels) are fabricated by facile directional freeze casting method with anisotropic porous structure, efficient sound wave absorption, acoustic-thermal conversion and thermal management capability. MXene/CNF-C/PEG aerogels with shape stability are formed by hydrogen bonding forces between carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF-C) and PEG without chemical crosslinking. The addition of MXene not only increases thermal conductive performance to 150 % but also enhances acoustic-thermal conversion ability effectively. Moreover, the directional porous MXene/CNF-C/PEG aerogels (DMCPs) possess high energy storage density (143.0 J/g) and acoustic-thermal conversion performance, which open up broad application prospect in the field of acoustic to heat energy conversion and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Rao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tianyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Haiyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Yu M, Cai CC, Huang YF, Zhu YD, Luo XY, Kong XY, Zhang WT, Li HJ, Fang JX, Zou ZM. A novel antidepressant homogeneous polysaccharide YLP-1 from Millettia pulchra ameliorates tryptophan metabolism and SCFAs through modulating gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 344:122527. [PMID: 39218534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The root of Millettia pulchra (YLS) has been traditionally used as a folk medicine for the treatment of depression and insomnia in the Zhuang nationality of China, and its polysaccharides have potential antidepressant effect. In this study, a novel homogeneous polysaccharide (YLP-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharides of YLS, and it is mainly composed of glucose, arabinose and mannose with molar ratio of 87.25%, 10.77%, and 1.98%, respectively. YLP-1 is a novel α-glucan with the backbone of 1,4-Glcp and branched at C6 of 1,4,6-Glcp to combine 1,4-Manp and 1,5-Araf. The microstructure of YLP-1 displayed a uniform ellipsoidal-like chain morphology and dispersed uniformly in solution. YLP-1 effectively ameliorated depression-like ethological behaviors and restored the decreased catecholamine levels in chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced depression rats. Additionally, it significantly improved the disturbance of gut microbiota induced by CVS stimuli, particularly affecting bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as bacteria species Lactobacillus spp.. In vitro fermentation study further confirmed that YLP-1 intake could promote SCFAs production by Lactobacillus spp. YLP-1 also mitigated the disruption of tryptophan metabolites in urine and serum. These findings provide evidences for the further development of YLP-1 as a macromolecular antidepressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong-Cong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun-Feng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yin-Di Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xin-Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Yu Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jing-Xian Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Ulanova E, Martí Ibáñez R, Domínguez-García P, Díaz-Ferrero J, Gomez-Canela C, Ortiz Almirall X. Impact of legacy and unintentionally produced polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in effluents from two wastewater treatment plants in rivers near Barcelona, Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175095. [PMID: 39074743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a family of 209 congeners listed as Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Stockholm Convention. Although there has been a lot of focus on those congeners present in the Aroclor or Clophen technical mixtures commercialized in the past (legacy PCBs), other industrial processes such as paint and pigment production can generate other congeners as byproducts (Unintentionally Produced PCBs or UP-PCBs). The present study focuses on the analysis of 72 PCB congeners (including 42 UP-PCBs) in the two major rivers surrounding the city of Barcelona -Llobregat and Besós rivers-, and their levels in two wastewater treatment plants during the production of effluents and reclaimed water. It was observed that WWTP can efficiently remove PCBs from untreated water during sludge production where concentrations are six orders of magnitude higher than in water (in the ng g-1 and pg L-1 ranges, respectively). Although PCB levels in the effluent and reclaimed water replenishing the rivers are not negligible, these do not significantly increase the concentrations already found in the studied rivers, and in most cases PCB concentrations in river water are reduced after merging with the reclaimed water due to dilution effect. The presence of UP-PCB-11 (not present in the Aroclor technical mixtures) in the analyzed water and sludge samples is significant (ranging from 22 to 25 % of the total PCB amount in the Besós river), being often one of the most abundant PCB congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ulanova
- Environmental Laboratory, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Martí Ibáñez
- Environmental Laboratory, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pol Domínguez-García
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Ferrero
- Environmental Laboratory, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Gomez-Canela
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Ortiz Almirall
- Environmental Laboratory, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, IQS - Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
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Murphy MS, Abdulaziz KE, Lavigne É, Erwin E, Guo Y, Dingwall-Harvey AL, Stieb D, Walker MC, Wen SW, Shin HH. Association between prenatal air pollutant exposure and autism spectrum disorders in young children: A matched case-control study in Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 261:119706. [PMID: 39084506 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The direction and magnitude of association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants across gestational windows and offspring risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains unclear. We sought to evaluate the time-varying effects of prenatal air pollutant exposure on ASD. We conducted a matched case-control study of singleton term children born in Ontario, Canada from 1-Apr-2012 to 31-Dec-2016. Provincial birth registry data were linked with applied behavioural analysis services and ambient air pollutant datasets to ascertain prenatal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ground-level ozone (O3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ASD diagnoses. Covariate balance between cases and controls was established using coarsened exact matching. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association between prenatal air pollutant exposure and ASD. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to examine the effects of single-pollutant exposure by prenatal week. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of exposure period on the observed findings. The final sample included 1589 ASD cases and 7563 controls. Compared to controls, cases were more likely to be born to mothers living in urban areas, delivered by Caesarean section, and assigned male sex at birth. NO2 was a consistent and significant contributor to ASD risk after accounting for co-exposure to O3, PM2.5 and covariates. The odds ratio per interquartile range increase was 2.1 (95%CI 1.8-2.3) pre-conception, 2.2 (2.0-2.5) for the 1st trimester, 2.2 (1.9-2.5) for the 2nd trimester, and 2.1 (1.9-2.4) for the 3rd trimester. In contrast, findings for O3 and PM2.5 with ASD were inconsistent. Findings from DLNM and sensitivity analyses were similar. Exposure to NO2 before and during pregnancy was significantly associated with ASD in offspring. The relationship between prenatal O3 and PM2.5 exposure and ASD remains unclear. Further investigation into the combined effects of multi-pollutant exposure on child neurodevelopment is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia Sq Murphy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kasim E Abdulaziz
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erica Erwin
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alysha Lj Dingwall-Harvey
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Stieb
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark C Walker
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, Ottawa, Canada; International and Global Health Office, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hwashin Hyun Shin
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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57
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Kesse-Guyot E, Berthy F, Berlivet J, Perraud E, Touvier M, Hercberg S, Allès B, Lairon D, Mariotti F, Couturier C, Fouillet H, Pointereau P, Baudry J. Alignment between greenhouse gas emissions reduction and adherence the EAT-Lancet diet: A modeling study based on the NutriNet-Santé cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175470. [PMID: 39142409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The potential of the EAT-Lancet reference diet, which promotes a healthy diet within planetary limits, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) remains understudied. This study examines the role of nutritional and acceptability constraints in reducing GHGe through diet optimization, and tests the alignment between GHGe reduction and the EAT-Lancet score. The study used data from 29,413 NutriNet-Santé participants to model French diets and evaluate their environmental, nutritional, economic, and health impact. The Organic Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess organic and conventional food consumed, and the Dialecte database was used to estimate the diet environmental impacts. Quality of diets were also evaluated based using the PNNS-GS2 (Programme National Nutrition-Santé 2 guidelines score). When testing minimizing GHGe under strict nutritional and acceptability constraints, it was possible to reduce GHGe up to 67 % (from 4.34 in the observed diet to GHGe = 1.45 kgeqCO2/d) while improving the EAT score by 103 % with 91 % of the food as organic. Greater reductions required relaxation of some constraints. When testing maximizing EAT score under gradual reduction in GHGe, the adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was not significantly affected by the gradual reduction in GHGe. To maximize EAT score with 75 % reduction in GHGe (1.09 kgeqCO2/d), less strict constraints on the bioavailability of iron and zinc are necessary. The EAT score improved by 141 %, while land occupation decreased by 57 %, compared to the observed value. The diet contained 94 % of organic foods. There was some alignment between the degree of adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and the reduction in GHGe, but other diets may also lead to a strong reduction in GHGe. Thus, GHGe can be greatly reduced by dietary choices, but require profound reshaping of diets which must be coupled with changes in other areas of the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France.
| | - Florine Berthy
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Justine Berlivet
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Elie Perraud
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Denis Lairon
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INRAE, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Hélène Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Julia Baudry
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France
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Peterson CJ, Rao MB, Palipana A, Manning ER, Vancil A, Ryan P, Brokamp C, Kramer E, Szczesniak RD, Gecili E. Robust identification of environmental exposures and community characteristics predictive of rapid lung disease progression. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175348. [PMID: 39117222 PMCID: PMC11349456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Environmental exposures and community characteristics have been linked to accelerated lung function decline in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), but geomarkers, the measurements of these exposures, have not been comprehensively evaluated in a single study. To determine which geomarkers have the greatest predictive potential for lung function decline and pulmonary exacerbation (PEx), a retrospective longitudinal cohort study was performed using novel Bayesian joint covariate selection methods, which were compared with respect to PEx predictive accuracy. Non-stationary Gaussian linear mixed effects models were fitted to data from 151 CF patients aged 6-20 receiving care at a CF Center in the midwestern US (2007-2017). The outcome was forced expiratory volume in 1 s of percent predicted (FEV1pp). Target functions were used to predict PEx from established criteria. Covariates included 11 routinely collected clinical/demographic characteristics and 45 geomarkers comprising 8 categories. Unique covariate selections via four Bayesian penalized regression models (elastic-net, adaptive lasso, ridge, and lasso) were evaluated at both 95 % and 90 % credible intervals (CIs). Resultant models included one to 6 geomarkers (air temperature, percentage of tertiary roads outside urban areas, percentage of impervious nonroad outside urban areas, fine atmospheric particulate matter, fraction achieving high school graduation, and motor vehicle theft) representing weather, impervious descriptor, air pollution, socioeconomic status, and crime categories. Adaptive lasso had the lowest information criteria. For PEx predictive accuracy, covariate selection from the 95 % CI elastic-net had the highest area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (mean ± standard deviation; 0.780 ± 0.026) along with the 95 % CI ridge and lasso methods (0.780 ± 0.027). The 95 % CI elastic-net had the highest sensitivity (0.773 ± 0.083) while the 95 % CI adaptive lasso had the highest specificity (0.691 ± 0.087), suggesting the need for different geomarker sets depending on monitoring goals. Surveillance of certain geomarkers embedded in prediction algorithms can be used in real-time warning systems for PEx onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton J Peterson
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Environmental & Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, CARE/Crawley Building, Suite E-870 3230, Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marepalli B Rao
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Environmental & Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, CARE/Crawley Building, Suite E-870 3230, Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Anushka Palipana
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; School of Nursing, Duke University, 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erika Rasnick Manning
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew Vancil
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Cole Brokamp
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rhonda D Szczesniak
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Emrah Gecili
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
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59
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Zhao C, Jin H, Lei Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Lu Q. The dual effects of Benzo(a)pyrene/Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide on DNA Methylation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175042. [PMID: 39084379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is one of the most thoroughly studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and a widespread organic pollutant in various areas of human life. Its teratogenic, immunotoxic and carcinogenic effects on organisms are well documented and widely recognized by researchers. In the body, BaP is enzymatically converted to form a more active benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE). BaP/BPDE has the potential to trigger gene mutations, influence epigenetic modifications and cause damage to cellular structures, ultimately contributing to disease onset and progression. However, there are different points of view when studying epigenetics using BaP/BPDE. On the one hand, it is claimed in cancer research that BaP/BPDE contributes to gene hypermethylation and, in particular, induces the hypermethylation of tumor's suppressor gene promoters, leading to gene silencing and subsequent cancer development. Conversely, studies in human and animal populations suggest that exposure to BaP results in genome-wide DNA hypomethylation, potentially leading to adverse outcomes in inflammatory diseases. This apparent contradiction has not been summarized in research for almost four decades. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current literature on the influence of BaP/BPDE on DNA methylation regulation. It demonstrates that BaP/BPDE exerts a dual-phase regulatory effect on methylation, which is influenced by factors such as the concentration and duration of BaP/BPDE exposure, experimental models and detection methods used in various studies. Acute/high concentration exposure to BaP/BPDE often results in global demethylation of DNA, which is associated with inhibition of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) after exposure. At certain specific gene loci (e.g., RAR-β), BPDE can form DNA adducts, recruiting DNMT3 and leading to hypermethylation at specific sites. By integrating these different mechanisms, our goal is to unravel the patterns and regulations of BaP/BPDE-induced DNA methylation changes and provide insights into future precision therapies targeting epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Changsha, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Changsha, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Changsha, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Changsha, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
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Schachter A, Maghbouleh N, Flores RD. To Uncover Disparities, Collect and Disaggregate Self-Identification Data for Middle Eastern and North African Americans. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:1158-1160. [PMID: 39357000 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Schachter
- Ariela Schachter is with the Department of Sociology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO. Neda Maghbouleh is with the Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. René D. Flores is with the Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Neda Maghbouleh
- Ariela Schachter is with the Department of Sociology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO. Neda Maghbouleh is with the Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. René D. Flores is with the Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - René D Flores
- Ariela Schachter is with the Department of Sociology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO. Neda Maghbouleh is with the Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. René D. Flores is with the Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Wu Y, Ye Z, Wang Z, Duan S, Zhu J, Fang Y. Examining individual and contextual predictors of disability in Chinese older adults: A machine learning approach. Int J Med Inform 2024; 191:105552. [PMID: 39068893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a large gap of understanding the determinants of disability, especially the contextual characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the important predictors of disability in Chinese older adults based on the social ecological framework. METHODS We used the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to examine predictors of disability, defined as self-report of any difficulty for six activity of daily living items. We restricted analytical sample to older adults aged 65 or above (N=1816). We considered 44 predictors, including personal-, behavioral-, interpersonal-, community-, and policy-level characteristics. The built-in variable importance measure (VIM) of random forest and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were applied to assess key predictors of disability. A multilevel logit regression was further used to examine the associations of individual and contextual characteristics with disability. RESULTS The mean age of study sample was 72.62 years old (standard deviation: 5.77). During a 2-year of follow-up, 518 (28.52 %) of them developed into disability. Walking speed, age, and peak expiratory flow were the top important predictors in both VIM and SHAP. Contextual characteristics such as humidity, PM2.5, temperature, normalized difference vegetation index, and landscape also showed promise in predicting disability. Multilevel logit regression showed that people with male gender, arthritis, vision impairment, unable to finish semi tandem, no social activity, lower grip strength, and higher waist circumference, had much higher risk of disability. CONCLUSION Disability prevention strategies should specifically focus on multilevel factors such as individual and contextual characteristics, although the latter is warranted to be verified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zirong Ye
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zongjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Siyu Duan
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Junmin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ya Fang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Fang L, Kong F, Ou K, Hong L, Wang C, Tong X. Induction of insulin resistance in female mice due to prolonged phenanthrene exposure: Unveiling the low-dose effect and potential mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119597. [PMID: 39002631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Phenanthrene (Phe) is a commonly occurring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) found in various food sources and drinking water. Previous studies have shown that long-term exposure to Phe in male mice leads to insulin resistance in a dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of Phe on glucose homeostasis in female mice remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, female Kunming mice were exposed to Phe through their drinking water at concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 5 ng/mL. After 270 d of exposure, we surprisingly discovered a low-dose effect of Phe on insulin resistance in female mice, which differed from the effect observed in male mice and showed sexual dimorphism. Specifically, insulin resistance was only observed in the 0.05 ng/mL treatment, and this low-dose effect was also reflected in the concentration of Phe in white adipose tissue (WAT). Differences in metabolic enzyme activities in the liver may potentially explain this effect. The observed sexual dimorphism in Phe exposure could be attributed to variations in estrogen (E2) level and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression in WAT. These findings highlight the association between environmental factors and the development of insulin resistance, emphasizing the pathogenic effect of even low doses of Phe. Moreover, sex dependent-effect should be given more attention when studying the toxic effects of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Fang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Feifei Kong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Kunlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Luning Hong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China.
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63
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Ding D, Ekelund U. From London buses to activity trackers: A reflection of 70 years of physical activity research. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:736-738. [PMID: 38851584 PMCID: PMC11336341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo 0806, Norway; Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway
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Wright B, González I, Chen M, Aarons GA, Hunter SB, Godley MD, Purtle J, Dopp AR. Multi-level alignment processes in the sustainment of a youth substance use treatment model following a federal implementation initiative: A mixed method study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2024; 166:209445. [PMID: 38960147 PMCID: PMC11409813 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2024.209445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Government agencies have identified evidence-based practice (EBP) dissemination as a pathway to high-quality behavioral health care for youth. However, gaps remain about how to best sustain EBPs in treatment organizations in the U.S., especially in resource-constrained settings like publicly-funded youth substance use services. One important, but understudied, determinant of EBP sustainment is alignment: the extent to which multi-level factors that influence sustainment processes and outcomes are congruent, consistent, and/or coordinated. This study examined the role of alignment in U.S. states' efforts to sustain the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA), an EBP for youth substance use disorders, during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this mixed methods study, the qualitative investigation preceded and informed the quantitative investigation. We interviewed state administrators and providers (i.e., supervisors and clinicians) from 15 states that had completed a federal A-CRA implementation grant; providers also completed surveys. The sample included 50 providers from 35 treatment organizations that reported sustaining A-CRA when the COVID-19 pandemic began, and 20 state administrators. In qualitative thematic analyses, we applied the EPIS (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment) framework to characterize alignment processes that interviewees described as influential on sustainment. We then used survey items to quantitatively explore the associations described in qualitative themes, using bivariate linear regressions. RESULTS At the time of interview, staff from 80 % of the treatment organizations (n = 28), reported sustaining A-CRA. Providers from both sustainer and non-sustainer organizations, as well as state administrators, described major sources of misalignment when state agencies ceased technical assistance post-grant, and because limited staff capacity conflicted with A-CRA's training model, which was perceived as time-intensive. Participants described the pandemic as exacerbating preexisting challenges, including capacity issues. Sustainer organizations reported seeking new funding to help sustain A-CRA. Quantitative associations between self-rated extent of sustainment and other survey items mostly followed the pattern predicted from the qualitative findings. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic amplified longstanding A-CRA sustainment challenges, but treatment organizations already successfully sustaining A-CRA pre-pandemic largely continued. There are missed opportunities for state-level actors to coordinate with providers on the shared goal of EBP sustainment. A greater focus on alignment processes in research and practice could help states and providers strengthen sustainability planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanche Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America; RAND, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America.
| | - Isabelle González
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Monica Chen
- RAND, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Gregory A Aarons
- Department of Psychiatry and Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Mark D Godley
- Chestnut Health Systems, Normal, IL, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Purtle
- Department of Public Health Policy & Management and Global Center for Implementation Science, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Alex R Dopp
- RAND, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America
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Randall S, Brown A, Ferrante A, Boyd J, Robinson S. Implementing privacy preserving record linkage: Insights from Australian use cases. Int J Med Inform 2024; 191:105582. [PMID: 39096591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the use of privacy preserving linkage methods operationally in Australia, and to present insights and key learnings from their implementation. METHODS Privacy preserving record linkage (PPRL) utilising Bloom filters provides a unique practical mechanism that allows linkage to occur without the release of personally identifiable information (PII), while still ensuring high accuracy. RESULTS The methodology has received wide uptake within Australia, with four state linkage units with privacy preserving capability. It has enabled access to general practice and private pathology data amongst other, both much sought after datasets previous inaccessible for linkage. CONCLUSION The Australian experience suggests privacy preserving linkage is a practical solution for improving data access for policy, planning and population health research. It is hoped interest in this methodology internationally continues to grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Randall
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University. Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Adrian Brown
- Centre for Data Linkage, School of Population Health, Curtin University. Kent St, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Anna Ferrante
- Centre for Data Linkage, School of Population Health, Curtin University. Kent St, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - James Boyd
- Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University. Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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Wagenblast F, Läubli T, Seibt R, Rieger MA, Steinhilber B. Wrist Extensor Muscle Fatigue During a Dual Task With Two Muscular and Cognitive Load Levels in Younger and Older Adults. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:2433-2450. [PMID: 38058009 DOI: 10.1177/00187208231218196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of concurrent physical and cognitive demands as well as age on indicators of muscle fatigue at the wrist. BACKGROUND There are few studies examining risk indicators for musculoskeletal disorders associated with work-related physical and cognitive demands that often occur simultaneously in the workplace. METHODS Twenty-four gender-balanced older and 24 gender-balanced younger (mean age 60 and 23 years) participants performed four 30 min dual tasks. Tasks differed by the muscular load level during force tracking: 5% and 10% of maximum voluntary contraction force (MVC) and concurrent cognitive demands on the working memory: easy and difficult. Muscle fatigue was assessed by MVC decline and changes in surface electromyography (increased root mean square: RMS, decreased median frequency: MF) at the extensor digitorum (ED) and extensor carpi ulnaris (EU). RESULTS A decline in MVC was found in all participants when tracking was performed at 10% MVC (mean ± SD: 137.9 ± 49.2 - 123.0 ± 45.3 N). Irrespective of age, muscular, or cognitive load, RMS increased (ED 12.3 ± 6.5 - 14.1 ± 7.0% MVE, EU 15.4 ± 7.6 - 16.9 ± 8.6% MVE) and MF decreased (ED 85.4 ± 13.6 - 83.2 ± 12.8 Hz, EU 107.2 ± 17.1 - 104.3 ± 16.7 Hz) in both muscles. However, changes in MF of EU tended to be more pronounced in the older group at higher cognitive and lower muscular load, without reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSION Maximum voluntary contraction indicated no interaction between muscle fatigue, cognitive load, or age. However, the tendencies toward altered muscle activity due to an increase in cognitive load and older age suggest muscular adaptations while maintaining tracking performance during the onset of fatigue signs in the sEMG signal. APPLICATION If the tendencies in muscle activity are confirmed by further studies, ergonomic assessments in industrial workplaces should consider cognitive load and age when describing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florestan Wagenblast
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Läubli
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Seibt
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
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Reyes A, Torres S, Robinson TL, Rentería MA, Clark AL. Integrating Diversity, Culture, and Equity into the Neuropsychological Evaluation. Neurol Clin 2024; 42:959-979. [PMID: 39343487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Cognition is influenced by a host of factors, including the patient's medical, psychiatric, and developmental history; sociocultural and demographic factors; modifiable behavioral factors; and structural and social determinants of health. Neuropsychological approaches include interpreting test data in the context of these factors to classify impairment and derive a cognitive diagnosis accurately. Failure to integrate an individual's sociodemographic, sociocultural, and developmental background can result in diagnostic errors, which have critical clinical implications for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Reyes
- Department of Radiation Medicine & Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Stephanie Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Suite 701, Boston, MA 021142, USA
| | - Talia L Robinson
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Miguel Arce Rentería
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra L Clark
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 East Dean Keeton, Stop A8000, SEA 3.324, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Essouma M, Noubiap JJ. Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100288. [PMID: 39282618 PMCID: PMC11399606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are prevalent among people of African ancestry living outside Africa. However, the burden of autoimmune diseases in Africa is not well understood. This article provides a global overview of the current burden of autoimmune diseases in individuals of African descent. It also discusses the major factors contributing to autoimmune diseases in this population group, as well as the challenges involved in diagnosing and managing autoimmune diseases in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Essouma
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Cameroon
| | - Jean Jacques Noubiap
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
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Zhao Q, Seow WJ. Association of solid fuel use with cognitive function and the modifying role of lifestyle: A nationwide cohort study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119538. [PMID: 38971352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As opposed to a healthy lifestyle, indoor air pollution from solid fuel use may be harmful for cognitive function. However, the extent to which lifestyle modifies the association between solid fuel use and cognitive function remains unknown. METHODS A total of 21,008 individuals aged 16 to 92 were enrolled in 2010 and followed up to 2014 in the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Cognitive function was assessed using standardized math and word tests in two waves. Solid fuel use at baseline was assessed by self-reporting of firewood, straw, or coal used for cooking. Lifestyle profile was classified into two groups (favorable vs. unfavorable) based on five modifiable lifestyle factors including alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index, diet, and physical activity. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess the association of solid fuel use and lifestyle with cognitive function. The effect modification of lifestyle was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 49.7% of the study population used solid fuels for cooking and 17.4% had a favorable lifestyle. Solid fuel use was associated with a significant decrease in cognitive function (β = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.39, -0.19 for math test; β = -0.62, 95% CI: -0.84, -0.41 for word test). Lifestyle significantly modified this association (p-interaction: 0.006 for math test; 0.016 for word test), with the corresponding association being less pronounced among participants adhering to a favorable lifestyle compared to those with an unfavorable lifestyle. CONCLUSION A favorable lifestyle may attenuate the adverse association between solid fuel use and cognitive function. Adopting a favorable lifestyle has the potential to mitigate the adverse neurological effects due to indoor air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
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Schönborn C, Castetbon K, De Spiegelaere M. Maternal birthplace and experiences of perinatal healthcare in Belgium: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey. Midwifery 2024; 138:104139. [PMID: 39154598 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient experience is an important part of perinatal care quality. Migrant women in high-income countries often report more negative experiences than non-migrants, but evidence in Europe is patchy. In this study, we compared the experiences of two migrant populations with non-migrants, taking into account socioeconomic characteristics. METHODS We surveyed mothers born in Belgium, North-Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa (n = 877) using an adapted version of the Migrant-Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire. Two patient experience scores were created using multiple correspondence analyses: a) information and communication with healthcare professionals and overall satisfaction with pregnancy care, and b) patient-centred aspects and satisfaction with delivery care. Through descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regressions we estimated the associations of maternal characteristics with each score. RESULTS Overall, positive experiences were reported in terms of communication (83 %) and patient-centred care (86 %). North African immigrants with low language proficiency had higher odds of negative communication experience (especially problems understanding information) (ORa: 2.30, 95 %CI 1.17-4.50), regardless of socioeconomic position. Among women with language barriers, 88 % were never offered a professional interpreter, relying on family members for translation. Patient-centred care was not associated with maternal birth region but was rated more negatively by older mothers, those with longer residence in Belgium, and higher majority-language proficiency. CONCLUSION In Belgium, perinatal care experiences were generally positive, although communication with immigrants was suboptimal. Language barriers, single motherhood, and unstable housing increased communication issues. Our findings underline the necessity to improve information-exchange with immigrants and socioeconomically vulnerable women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schönborn
- Research Centre in Social Approaches to Health, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Research Centre in Health Systems and Policies, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Katia Castetbon
- Research Centre in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Myriam De Spiegelaere
- Research Centre in Social Approaches to Health, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Research Centre in Health Systems and Policies, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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71
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Sentis AI, Rasero J, Gianaros PJ, Verstynen TD. Cortical and subcortical brain networks predict prevailing heart rate. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14641. [PMID: 38951745 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Resting heart rate may confer risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other adverse cardiovascular events. While the brainstem's autonomic control over heart rate is well established, less is known about the regulatory role of higher level cortical and subcortical brain regions, especially in humans. This study sought to characterize the brain networks that predict variation in prevailing heart rate in otherwise healthy adults. We used machine learning approaches designed for complex, high-dimensional data sets, to predict variation in instantaneous heart period (the inter-heartbeat-interval) from whole-brain hemodynamic signals measured by fMRI. Task-based and resting-state fMRI, as well as peripheral physiological recordings, were taken from two data sets that included extensive repeated measurements within individuals. Our models reliably predicted instantaneous heart period from whole-brain fMRI data both within and across individuals, with prediction accuracies being highest when measured within-participants. We found that a network of cortical and subcortical brain regions, many linked to visceral motor and visceral sensory processes, were reliable predictors of variation in heart period. This adds to evidence on brain-heart interactions and constitutes an incremental step toward developing clinically applicable biomarkers of brain contributions to CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Isabella Sentis
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Javier Rasero
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Peter J Gianaros
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy D Verstynen
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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72
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Shakhnazaryan N, Gima-Lange L, Desai A, Fitzgerald K, Kwon DH. Accuracy, readability, and quality of websites about metastatic renal cell carcinoma treatment. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:375.e1-375.e13. [PMID: 38955572 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) face complex treatment decisions and frequently turn to the Internet for treatment information. The content of patient educational websites about mRCC treatment has not been evaluated. This study evaluated the accuracy, readability, and quality of websites about the treatment of mRCC. METHODS A total of 2,700 Internet queries were performed. Across 3 Internet search engines, 25 links of 36 permutations of mRCC keywords and their synonyms were screened for eligibility. Eligible websites were English-language websites containing information about mRCC treatments. Sponsored, social media, provider-facing, and news websites were excluded. Accuracy of eligible websites was evaluated in 2 domains: (1) Completeness by calculating the percentage of mRCC facts included in websites using an investigator-created checklist based on the NCI's RCC Treatment (PDQ®)-patient version, and (2) Correctness by identifying incorrect statements that were inconsistent with guidelines. Websites containing ≥60% of checklist items had a "passing" completeness score. Incorrect statements were tallied and qualitatively categorized. Readability was evaluated using the Fry and SMOG formulae, which calculate reading grade levels. Quality was evaluated using validated instruments that appraise health information quality: QUEST (scored 0-28), which focuses on online information, and DISCERN (scored 16-80), which focuses on treatment choices. RESULTS Thirty-nine websites were analyzed. Mean completeness score was 30% (range 0%-69%); only 2 (5%) websites had a passing score. Twelve (31%) websites had ≥1 incorrect statement, such as listing homeopathy or hormone therapy as mRCC treatment options, or including outdated statements. Mean readability levels were 11th and 12th grades for the Fry and SMOG methods, respectively. No website had a reading level lower than 9th grade. Mean QUEST score was 19 (range 9-28); authorship, complementarity, and currency items had the lowest scores. Mean DISCERN score was 56 (range 42-76), with 7 (18%) websites rated "excellent", 22 (56%) rated "good", and 10 (26%) rated fair. CONCLUSIONS Many websites about mRCC treatment have incomplete, inaccurate, and unreadable information. Quality is highly variable. Efforts to improve accuracy, readability, and quality are needed to ensure that patients with mRCC can make well-informed treatment decisions and avoid harm from misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonna Shakhnazaryan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Liam Gima-Lange
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Arpita Desai
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kelly Fitzgerald
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Daniel H Kwon
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
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Roystonn K, Koh YS, Shafie S, Sambasivam R, Vaingankar JA, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Understanding Major Depressive Disorder in Singapore: Insights from the second Singapore Mental Health Study (SMHS 2016). J Affect Disord 2024; 364:295-304. [PMID: 39142576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) poses significant public health challenges globally and in Southeast Asia, with substantial impairment and disease burden. Understanding its prevalence and associated risk factors is crucial for effective intervention. METHODS This study aims to describe the prevalence shifts, correlates, and comorbidities of MDD in Singapore. Data were collected from the second Singapore Mental Health Study (SMHS 2016), a national cross-sectional survey comprising 6126 adult residents. The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed MDD and comorbidities. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression, were conducted to examine the associations and trends. RESULTS The lifetime weighted prevalence of MDD in SMHS 2016 was 6.2 %, with an overall increase from 5.8 % in 2010. Significant associations were found between MDD and age, marital status, and comorbid physical disorders. Young adults and divorced/separated individuals exhibited higher MDD prevalence. Chronic pain was significantly associated with MDD. LIMITATIONS The study's cross-sectional design limits causal inference, and selective non-response might affect prevalence estimates. However, the study benefits from a large, nationally representative sample and standardized methodologies. CONCLUSIONS Young and middle-aged adults, and divorced/separated individuals demonstrate elevated MDD prevalence, warranting targeted interventions. Individuals with comorbidities, particularly chronic pain, constitute a high-risk and vulnerable population. Comprehensive assessment and treatment plans should involve multidisciplinary teams and integrated care approaches to better address the complex needs of these individuals. Our study also highlights specific interventions for schools, families, communities, and workplaces. Despite Singapore's relatively low prevalence compared to Western nations, MDD remains cross-culturally valid emphasizing the need for early intervention and preventive public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen Sin Koh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhou H, Sun W, Ning L, Kang J, Jin Y, Dong C. Early exposure to general anesthesia may contribute to later attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Clin Anesth 2024; 98:111585. [PMID: 39153353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The association between early childhood exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder remains unknown. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. PATIENTS Children undergoing general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS A comparison of any type of general anesthesia exposure, including total intravenous anesthesia, inhalation general anesthesia, and combined intravenous and inhaled anesthesia, with non-anesthetic exposures, which did not receive any exposure to anesthetic drugs, including general anesthetics as well as local anesthetics. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome measure was the risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder after general anesthesia exposure. MAIN RESULTS The results of the overall meta-analysis showed an increased risk of subsequent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children exposed to general anesthesia (RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.16-1.38; P < 0.001; I2 = 44.6%). Subgroup analysis found that a single exposure to general anesthesia in childhood was associated with an increased risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (RR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.19-1.40, P < 0.001; I2 = 2.6%), and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was further increased after multiple general anesthesia exposures (RR = 1.61, 95% CI, 1.32-1.97, P < 0.001; I2 = 57.6%). Exposure to general anesthesia lasting 1-60 min during childhood is associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (RR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.51, P < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%). Moreover, with longer durations of exposure (61-120 min), the risk further rises (RR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.21-1.99, P = 0.001; I2 = 37.8%). However, no additional increase in ADHD risk was observed with exposures exceeding 120 min (RR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.35-1.79, P < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to general anesthesia during early childhood increases the risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In particular, multiple general anesthesia exposures and exposures longer than 60 min significantly increase the risk of developing ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuxian Ning
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Jin
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaoxuan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Salvatierra-Calderón V, Romero-Pérez EM, Lemes V, Sadarangani KP, Reyes-Molina D, Delgado-Floody P, Soto-Sánchez J, Ferrari G, Brand C, Cristi-Montero C. The multiple mediation impact of adolescents' physical fitness and cognitive perceptions on their objective measures - The Cogni-Action Project. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 75:102721. [PMID: 39182748 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish whether physical fitness and cognitive self-perceptions act as mediators in the link between global fitness and cognitive performance measured objectively in adolescents. We also compared differences across sex. METHODS A total of 1296 adolescents (50 % girls) from grades 5 to 8 (ages 10-14) participated in this cross-sectional study. The ALPHA-fitness test battery assessed physical fitness, comprising cardiorespiratory, speed-agility, and muscular fitness components. We used the 1-5-point International Fitness Scale for physical fitness self-perception, and the 1-10 scale for cognitive performance self-perception. Objective cognitive performance was assessed using a neurocognitive battery consisting of eight tasks. Using principal component analysis, these tasks were grouped into three domains: attention, working memory, and problem solving. We examined three serial mediation models adjusted for sex, standardized body mass index, maturation, and school vulnerability index. RESULTS Physical fitness and cognitive self-perceptions mediated the effects on attention (B = .0027, CI = .0011 to .0047), memory (B = .0025; CI = .0003 to .0055 and B = .0035; CI = .0009 to .0063), and problem-solving (B = -.0137; CI = -.0231 to -.0052 and B = .0072; CI = .0043 to .0106). By sex, boys showed mediation in all domains, while girls only showed mediation in problem-solving. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents' perceptions play a crucial and positive mediating role in linking objective measures of physical fitness to cognitive performance outcomes, particularly when self-perceptions of physical fitness and cognition are considered together. Therefore, educating families and school/health environments about the importance of adolescent perceptions, while fostering self-awareness and reinforcing their capabilities, is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Salvatierra-Calderón
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de León, León, Spain; Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Kabir P Sadarangani
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile; Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Reyes-Molina
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Chile; Doctorado en Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile
| | - Johana Soto-Sánchez
- Centro de Biomedicina, Laboratorio de Actividad Física, Ejercicio y Salud, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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Cortes-Ramirez J, Mengersen K, Morawska L, Sly P, Jagals P, Wraith D. The hospitalisation risk of chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases associated with coal mining in the general population in Queensland, Australia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174989. [PMID: 39053553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Queensland is the main coal mining state in Australia where populations in coal mining areas have been historically exposed to coal mining emissions. Although a higher risk of chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases has been associated with coal mining globally, few studies have investigated these associations in the Queensland general population. This study estimates the association of coal production with hospitalisations for chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases in Queensland considering spatial and temporal variations during 1997-2014. An ecological analysis used a Bayesian hierarchical spatiotemporal model to estimate the association of coal production with standardised rates of each, chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and considering the spatial structure of Queensland's statistical areas (SA2) in the 18-year period. Two specifications; with and without a space-time interaction effect were compared using the integrated nested Laplace approximation -INLA approach. The posterior mean of the best fit model was used to map the spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal trends of risk. The analysis considered 2,831,121 hospitalisation records. Coal mining was associated with a 4 % (2.4-5.5) higher risk of hospitalisation for chronic respiratory diseases in the model with a space-time interaction effect which had the best fit. An emerging higher risk of either chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases was identified in eastern areas and some coal-mining areas in central and southeast Queensland. There were important disparities in the spatiotemporal trend of risk between coal -and non-coal mining areas for each, chronic circulatory and respiratory diseases. Coal mining is associated with an increased risk of chronic respiratory diseases in the Queensland general population. Bayesian spatiotemporal analyses are robust methods to identify environmental determinants of morbidity in exposed populations. This methodology helps identifying at-risk populations which can be useful to support decision-making in health. Future research is required to investigate the causality links between coal mining and these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cortes-Ramirez
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Australia; Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| | - K Mengersen
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - L Morawska
- Queensland University of Technology, International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Australia; Australia Global Centre for Clean Air Research, School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - P Sly
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - P Jagals
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - D Wraith
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
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77
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Porter CD, Groves CI, Huong C, Brown DMY. Predicting physical activity behavior among university students using the multi-process action control framework. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 75:102716. [PMID: 39094851 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Most university students do not engage in enough physical activity (PA) despite the known physical and mental health benefits. Action control theories such as the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework have been proposed to better understand the translation of intentions into action by incorporating post-intentional processes. However, the explanatory power of the M-PAC framework beyond traditional social cognitive constructs has received limited attention. This study examined the predictive utility of the M-PAC framework for explaining variance in self-reported and device-measured PA behavior among university students. A total of 2418 undergraduate students (Mean age = 19.1 ± 1.73 [SD] years) completed an online survey that included a self-reported measure of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) as well as constructs outlined in the M-PAC framework: instrumental and affective attitudes, perceived capability and opportunity, behavioral regulation, habit and identity. A subsample (n = 376) also wore an ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for seven full days to assess MVPA. Robust linear regression models were computed to investigate associations between M-PAC framework constructs and PA behavior. Findings showed the M-PAC framework explained as high as 14.3 % and 37.9 % of the variance in device-measured and self-reported MVPA, respectively. Regulatory (behavioral regulation), and reflexive (habit and identity) processes were significant predictors of self-reported MVPA when examining the full M-PAC framework, whereas the role identity dimension of PA identity was the only significant predictor of device-assessed MVPA. Taken together, these results reinforce the importance of post-intentional processes, specifically role identity, in understanding PA behavior among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carah D Porter
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Claire I Groves
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Huong
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Denver M Y Brown
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Lutz G, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Chen C, Kheirbek RE. A Tale of 2 Experiences: Navigating End-of-Life Care With a History of Incarceration. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae200. [PMID: 39136206 PMCID: PMC11419312 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse health effects of incarceration are well-documented, affecting individuals throughout their life course. However, the influence of a history of incarceration on end-of-life (EOL) experiences remains unexplored. This study aims to examine how prior incarceration affects individuals' experiences and care needs as they approach the EOL. METHODS Leveraging the Health and Retirement Study, we conducted secondary analyses on 1 710 individuals who participated between 2012 and 2018. Through retrospective cohort analysis, we explored the association between incarceration history and EOL care, focusing on pain and symptom burden. RESULTS Analyses showed that individuals with a history of incarceration experienced significantly higher levels of pain (65% reported "moderate" or "severe" pain) compared to nonincarcerated individuals (50%; adjusted odds ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.71, p < .001). Additionally, the symptom burden index revealed that formerly incarcerated individuals had a higher average symptom score (2.8 vs 2.1; β = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9, p < .001), indicating a greater range of symptoms in their final year of life. These disparities persisted after adjusting for demographic, health, and socioeconomic variables. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that a history of incarceration significantly affects EOL experiences, with formerly incarcerated individuals facing higher levels of pain and a greater symptom burden compared to nonincarcerated individuals. This underscores the need for tailored palliative care to address the unique needs of this vulnerable population. This research highlights a critical area for intervention and calls for healthcare systems to adapt their practices to better serve those with incarceration histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lutz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yulin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Chixiang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Raya Elfadel Kheirbek
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Pierozan P, Höglund A, Theodoropoulou E, Karlsson O. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) induced cancer related DNA methylation alterations in human breast cells: A whole genome methylome study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174864. [PMID: 39032741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in cancer. The ubiquitous contaminant perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) has been epidemiologically associated with breast cancer, and can induce proliferation and malignant transformation of normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A), but the information about its effect on DNA methylation is sparse. The aim of this study was to characterize the whole-genome methylome effects of PFOS in our breast cell model and compare the findings with previously demonstrated DNA methylation alterations in breast tumor tissues. The DNA methylation profile was assessed at single CpG resolution in MCF-10A cells treated with 1 μM PFOS for 72 h by using Enzymatic Methyl sequencing (EM-seq). We found 12,591 differentially methylated CpG-sites and 13,360 differentially methylated 100 bp tiles in the PFOS exposed breast cells. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) overlapped with 2406 genes of which 494 were long non-coding RNA and 1841 protein coding genes. We identified 339 affected genes that have been shown to display altered DNA methylation in breast cancer tissue and several other genes related to cancer development. This includes hypermethylation of GACAT3, DELEC1, CASC2, LCIIAR, MUC16, SYNE1 and hypomethylation of TTN and KMT2C. DMRs were also found in estrogen receptor genes (ESR1, ESR2, ESRRG, ESRRB, GREB1) and estrogen responsive genes (GPER1, EEIG1, RERG). The gene ontology analysis revealed pathways related to cancer phenotypes such as cell adhesion and growth. These findings improve the understanding of PFOS's potential role in breast cancer and illustrate the value of whole-genome methylome analysis in uncovering mechanisms of chemical effects, identifying biomarker candidates, and strengthening epidemiological associations, potentially impacting risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm University Center for Circular and Sustainable Systems (SUCCeSS), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrey Höglund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm University Center for Circular and Sustainable Systems (SUCCeSS), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eleftheria Theodoropoulou
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm University Center for Circular and Sustainable Systems (SUCCeSS), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oskar Karlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm University Center for Circular and Sustainable Systems (SUCCeSS), Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zhang Y, Ku YS, Cheung TY, Cheng SS, Xin D, Gombeau K, Cai Y, Lam HM, Chan TF. Challenges to rhizobial adaptability in a changing climate: Genetic engineering solutions for stress tolerance. Microbiol Res 2024; 288:127886. [PMID: 39232483 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Rhizobia interact with leguminous plants in the soil to form nitrogen fixing nodules in which rhizobia and plant cells coexist. Although there are emerging studies on rhizobium-associated nitrogen fixation in cereals, the legume-rhizobium interaction is more well-studied and usually serves as the model to study rhizobium-mediated nitrogen fixation in plants. Rhizobia play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle in many ecosystems. However, rhizobia are highly sensitive to variations in soil conditions and physicochemical properties (i.e. moisture, temperature, salinity, pH, and oxygen availability). Such variations directly caused by global climate change are challenging the adaptive capabilities of rhizobia in both natural and agricultural environments. Although a few studies have identified rhizobial genes that confer adaptation to different environmental conditions, the genetic basis of rhizobial stress tolerance remains poorly understood. In this review, we highlight the importance of improving the survival of rhizobia in soil to enhance their symbiosis with plants, which can increase crop yields and facilitate the establishment of sustainable agricultural systems. To achieve this goal, we summarize the key challenges imposed by global climate change on rhizobium-plant symbiosis and collate current knowledge of stress tolerance-related genes and pathways in rhizobia. And finally, we present the latest genetic engineering approaches, such as synthetic biology, implemented to improve the adaptability of rhizobia to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yee-Shan Ku
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz-Yan Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sau-Shan Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dawei Xin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road 600, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kewin Gombeau
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Yizhi Cai
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Appelbäck M, Carlbom A, Eriksson L, Essén B. The dynamics of intercultural clinical encounters in times of pandemic crisis. Swedish healthcare providers' reflections on social norms in relation to sexual and reproductive healthcare. Midwifery 2024; 138:104129. [PMID: 39126859 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.104129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiences from the COVID-19 pandemic may help to better understand resilience, competences and skills for healthcare providers and the healthcare system. Within sexual and reproductive health inequalities for migrants exist and it is an area where promoting both cultural competency and healthcare equity in the clinical encounter is expected of healthcare providers yet can create tension. The aim is to explore healthcare providers experiences of encounters with migrants in the context of the pandemic and the subsequent changes in routines and norms. METHODS A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 31 healthcare providers working in sexual and reproductive healthcare in southern Sweden. Interviews were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic influencing how healthcare providers reflected on their experiences. Analysis was done using reflexive thematic data analysis. FINDINGS Healthcare providers reflected on how changes in routines increased the understanding of challenges and enablers in the intercultural encounter including the impact on communication and role of relatives and male partners. They emphasized the dynamics of culture in the clinical encounter and healthcare system through highlighting the importance of structural awareness, self-reflection and the flexibility of conducts and norms, often given a cultural connotation. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes of previously established routines directly affecting clinical encounters, which provided a unique opportunity for healthcare providers to reflect, with communication and self-reflection being discussed as central in complex encounters. It highlighted the dynamics of presumed deeply rooted cultural norms and the interplay with social factors affecting healthcare providers and patients alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Appelbäck
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Aje Carlbom
- Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Social Work, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lise Eriksson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Essén
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Alqahtani JS, Arowosegbe A, Aldhahir AM, Alghamdi SM, Alqarni AA, Siraj RA, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alwafi H, Oyelade T. Prevalence and burden of loneliness in COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med 2024; 233:107768. [PMID: 39142595 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness poses significant public health concerns on a global scale. Being alone and lacking social connections have been proven to impact prognosis and response to treatment in different diseases, including COPD. Yet, the prevalence and burden of loneliness on COPD outcomes remain unclear. METHODS Various relevant databases were systematically searched in March 2024. The quality of the studies included was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence and associated 95 % confidence intervals (95%CI) of loneliness and living alone in COPD patients. RESULTS After reviewing 256 studies, 11 studies, including 4644 COPD patients, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of the included studies, 5/11 (45.5%) reported the prevalence of loneliness or lone living among COPD patients and were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of loneliness and lone living among COPD patients was 32% (95% CI = 16%-48%) and 29% (95% CI = 16%-41%), respectively. The Three-item UCLA loneliness scale was the most often used loneliness assessment tool (5/11, 45.5%). Loneliness and lone living were associated with poor outcomes, including emergency department visits, readmissions, depression, and reduced pulmonary rehabilitation response. CONCLUSION Despite one-third of COPD patients experiencing loneliness, researchers have not consistently documented its impact on COPD outcomes. More studies are needed to assess the impact of loneliness on COPD and how to mitigate the negative effects on patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, 34313, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abayomi Arowosegbe
- School of Arts & Creative Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, United Kingdom; Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulelah M Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alghamdi
- Respiratory Care Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A Siraj
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, 21514, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- UCL Division of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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83
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Bucknor MC, Gururajan A, Dale RC, Hofer MJ. High fat diet consumption and social instability stress impair stress adaptation and maternal care in C57Bl/6 dams. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 169:107168. [PMID: 39146876 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Poor maternal diet and psychosocial stress represent two environmental factors that can significantly impact maternal health during pregnancy. While various mouse models have been developed to study the relationship between maternal and offspring health and behaviour, few incorporate multiple sources of stress that mirror the complexity of human experiences. Maternal high-fat diet (HF) models in rodents are well-established, whereas use of psychosocial stress interventions in female mice are still emerging. The social instability stress (SIS) paradigm, serves as a chronic and unpredictable form of social stress. To evaluate the combined effects of a poor maternal diet and intermittent social stress on maternal health and behaviour, we developed a novel maternal stress model using adult female C57Bl/6 mice. We observed that all HF+ mice demonstrated rapid weight gain, elevated fasting blood glucose levels and impaired glucose tolerance independent of the presence (+) or absence (-) of SIS. Behavioural testing output revealed anxiety-like behaviours remained similar across all groups prior to pregnancy. However, integrated anxiety z-scores revealed a mixed anxious profile amongst HF+/SIS+ females prior to pregnancy. HF+/SIS+ females also did not show reduced plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels that were observed in our other HF+ and HF- stress groups after SIS exposure. Further, HF+/SIS+ females demonstrated significant postpartum maternal neglect, resulting in fewer numbers of live offspring. These findings suggest that prolonged maternal HF diet consumption, coupled with previous exposure to SIS, places a significant burden on the maternal stress response system, resulting in reduced parental investment and negative postpartum behaviour towards offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan C Bucknor
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anand Gururajan
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Russell C Dale
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Markus J Hofer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Rakovski C, Lalli M, Gu J, Hobson M, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, Minuzzi L, Kapczinski F, de Azevedo Cardoso T, Frey BN. Childhood maltreatment as a predictor of substance use/misuse among youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 166:105873. [PMID: 39243876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively describe whether experiencing a variety of childhood maltreatment types predicts a variety of substance use/misuse types among youth, beyond the narrow scope covered in previous systematic reviews on similar topics. A literature search was conducted in June, 2022 using PubMed, PsycInfo, and Embase. 58 studies (total participant n=170,749) were included. These studies were primarily organized by substance type outcomes including alcohol (n=43), cannabis (n=25), unspecified substances (n=25), and other specific substances (n=10). Results were further stratified by maltreatment type. For specific maltreatment and substance type combinations, the majority of studies indicated that childhood maltreatment was a significant predictor of substance use/misuse in youth. Of the 10 meta-analyses we conducted, significant associations were found for the majority (9/10) of maltreatment and substance type combinations. For instance, unspecified childhood maltreatment increased the probability of youth alcohol use by about four times, which was the highest relative risk found. In conclusion, this study shows that childhood maltreatment is a predictor of youth substance use/misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Rakovski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mikayla Lalli
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Gu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Madison Hobson
- Honours Integrated Science Program, School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bianca Wollenhaupt-Aguiar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Eisenhauer A, Hastuti A, Heuser A, Kolevica A, Brandt B, Shroff R, Oehme J, Müller M. Calcium isotope composition in serum and urine for the assessment of bone mineral balance (BMB) - The Osteolabs post-market follow-up study. Bone 2024; 188:117210. [PMID: 39079608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
To further explore the clinical applicability of the calcium (Ca) isotope marker (CIM), we determined the 44Ca/42Ca isotope ratio in blood serum and urine. This ratio is expressed in the conventional δ-notation (as defined in the text below) specifically as CIM-serum for serum and as CIM-urine for urine. Our study tested the hypothesis that CIM values can differentiate between positive and negative bone mineral balance (BMB) across a diverse clinical population considering variables such as age, gender, and diet. The threshold values (CIM-serum: -0.85 ± 0.06 ‰ and CIM-urine: 0.23 ± 0.06 ‰) established in the OsteoGeo study (NCT02967978, Eisenhauer et al., 2019) were evaluated in 2320 participants as part of a surveillance study referred to as Osteolabs study. The earlier study revealed women with osteoporosis had an average CIM-serum value of -0.91 ± 0.21 ‰ (N = 24) and a CIM-urine value of 0.18 ± 0.33 ‰ (N = 71) that are significantly below the threshold values (p = 0.02 for urine, one-sided Wilcoxon rank test, p < 0.001 for serum, one-sided Student's t-test). Diseases affecting BMB such as osteoporosis, acute and chronic kidney disease (CKD), hyperthyroidism, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and myeloma were associated with significantly lower average CIM values, falling below the equilibrium thresholds and indicating negative BMB. In contrast, patients receiving osteoprotective treatments such as denosumab, Romosozumab, bisphosphonates, or hormone replacement therapy for certain diseases, had CIM values above the equilibrium thresholds indicating a positive BMB. Additionally, Ca supplements taken by some of the patients ((N = 22 (serum), N = 49 (urine), median dose: 500 mg) showed a Ca isotope composition approximately 1 ‰ higher than that from a normal diet. Consequently, their CIM values need to be adjusted to account for the amount and duration of supplementation to be comparable to those with a normal diet. Participants taking vitamin D (237 women; 58 men) showed no significant difference from the average values of the study group. Counterintuitively, the possible impact of malnutrition on individual BMB was most pronounced in vegans, who exhibited the highest average CIM-urine values compared to patients on a normal diet (p < 0.001, N = 17). The results of this study were consistent with the registered OsteoGeo study (NCT02967978) and other earlier published Ca isotope-based studies on BMB. We confirm that the CIM threshold values determined in the OsteoGeo study are generally valid for this much larger and diverse surveillance study group covering a diverse population encompassing various medical conditions and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eisenhauer
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany.
| | - A Hastuti
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - A Heuser
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany
| | - A Kolevica
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany
| | - B Brandt
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Shroff
- UCL Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Oehme
- Osteolabs GmbH, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Müller
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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86
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Dastidar BG, Jani AR, Suri S, Nagaraja VH. Reimagining India's National Telemedicine Service to improve access to care. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2024; 30:100480. [PMID: 39323563 PMCID: PMC11422547 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
India's free-to-use National Telemedicine Service, eSanjeevani, has provided over 276 million consultations and shown promise to reduce systemic inequalities in access to care. However, recent reports of dropping footfall have raised questions about the potential of eSanjeevani to bridge service provision gaps in India. We reveal important problems linked to the design and practice of triage and tele-referral nationally within eSanjeevani, corroborated by the experience of one of the co-authors' practice of Obstetrics and Gynaecology on the platform since 2022. Some of these factors include sub-optimal integration of general practitioners within the tele-referral pathway; inadequate training of health-workers leading to inappropriate and ineffective consultations; outdated or absent technological support; the absence of mechanisms for re-referrals; and lack of feedback loops. We propose measures to re-imagine eSanjeevani to become a more effective tool towards improving public health outcomes and achieving universal health coverage in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Ghosh Dastidar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, 700020, India
- GD Institute for Fertility Research (GDIFR), Kolkata, 700025, India
- Cambridge Reproduction, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EL, UK
| | - Anant R. Jani
- Oxford India Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6HD, UK
- Heidelberg Institute for Global Health, Gebäude 6130.3, Ebene 6, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shailesh Suri
- Oxford India Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6HD, UK
| | - Vikranth Harthikote Nagaraja
- Oxford India Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6HD, UK
- Centre for Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
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Weitzman ER, Pierce SE, Blakemore LM, Murdock A, Angelidou A, Dowling DJ, Levy O, Levy S. Need for strategic communications and stakeholder engagement to advance acceptability of an overdose preventing vaccine targeting fentanyl. Vaccine 2024; 42:126082. [PMID: 38991914 PMCID: PMC11401752 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid, exposure to which has led to hundreds of thousands of overdose deaths. Novel vaccines are being developed that might protect against fentanyl overdose. Proactive attention to strategic communications and stakeholder engagement may smooth uptake of a novel vaccine given known challenges around vaccine hesitancy and concern for stigma related to substance use. METHODS Qualitative interviews (N = 74) with a purposive sample of adolescents/young adults with opioid use disorder (OUD), family members of persons with OUD, experts in substance use treatment and harm reduction, and community members were conducted and thematically analyzed to discern attitudes toward a fentanyl vaccine, and directions for communications and engagement. RESULTS Major themes reflected personal concerns for biomedical risk and system-level concerns for alignment and integration of an overdose preventing vaccine with prevailing beliefs about addiction and associated frameworks and philosophies for treatment and response. CONCLUSION Acceptability and implementation of a novel fentanyl vaccine targeting overdose will need precision communications that address biomedical, moral/spiritual, and structural perspectives about the nature of addiction. Education about the purpose and limits of a fentanyl vaccine, partnerships with diverse stakeholders from throughout the opioid response ecosystem and interweaving of a vaccine strategy into comprehensive prevention and treatment are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa R Weitzman
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Sydney E Pierce
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Laura M Blakemore
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Andrew Murdock
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Asimenia Angelidou
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - David J Dowling
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Ofer Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States.
| | - Sharon Levy
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Kilic G, Debisarun PA, Alaswad A, Baltissen MP, Lamers LA, de Bree LCJ, Benn CS, Aaby P, Dijkstra H, Lemmers H, Martens JHA, Domínguez-Andrés J, van Crevel R, Li Y, Xu CJ, Netea MG. Seasonal variation in BCG-induced trained immunity. Vaccine 2024; 42:126109. [PMID: 38981740 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is a well-established inducer of innate immune memory (also termed trained immunity), causing increased cytokine production upon heterologous secondary stimulation. Innate immune responses are known to be influenced by season, but whether seasons impact induction of trained immunity is not known. To explore the influence of season on innate immune memory induced by the BCG vaccine, we vaccinated healthy volunteers with BCG either during winter or spring. Three months later, we measured the ex vivo cytokine responses against heterologous stimuli, analyzed gene expressions and epigenetic signatures of the immune cells, and compared these with the baseline before vaccination. BCG vaccination during winter induced a stronger increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) upon stimulation with different bacterial and fungal stimuli, compared to BCG vaccination in spring. In contrast, winter BCG vaccination resulted in lower IFNγ release in PBMCs compared to spring BCG vaccination. Furthermore, NK cells of the winter-vaccinated people had a greater pro-inflammatory cytokine and IFNγ production capacity upon heterologous stimulation. BCG had only minor effects on the transcriptome of monocytes 3 months later. In contrast, we identified season-dependent epigenetic changes in monocytes and NK cells induced by vaccination, partly explaining the higher immune cell reactivity in the winter BCG vaccination group. These results suggest that BCG vaccination during winter is more prone to induce a robust trained immunity response by activating and reprogramming the immune cells, especially NK cells. (Dutch clinical trial registry no. NL58219.091.16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Kilic
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Priya A Debisarun
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Alaswad
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Marijke P Baltissen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lieke A Lamers
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christine S Benn
- Bandim Health Project, Open Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Department of Clinical Research, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Aaby
- Bandim Health Project, Open Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Department of Clinical Research, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helga Dijkstra
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lemmers
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, A Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Hu HT, Jiang YJ, Shao XX, Lu YM, Tian YT, Xu Q. Investigation and analysis of the status of cancer health popularization in China, 2023. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:1269-1279. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i10.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer presents a significant public health challenge in China, necessitating broad collaboration across society. The Chinese government has articulated a goal to increase the overall five-year survival rate for cancer by 15% by 2030. Achieving this objective requires not only advances in medical technology, but also an improvement in the dissemination of knowledge pertaining to cancer prevention and treatment.
AIM To provide a comprehensive understanding of the status of cancer prevention and level of popularization in China in 2023.
METHODS From January 2023 to May 2023, online questionnaires were distributed to 3000 participants, including medical personnel, patients with cancer, their families, and the general public. There were 2711 valid responses, covering the entire nation.
RESULTS A total of 1020 medical personnel and 1691 patients with cancer, their family members, and the general public participated in the survey. Among medical personnel, 93.2% had popularized cancer health. Commonly addressed topics included cancer prevention (85.9%) and cancer screening (77.8%). Primary challenges included time constraints (73.9%), insufficient personnel and material support (66.7%), and uncertainty as to where to begin (49.3%). Among patients with cancer, their family members, and the general public, 93.4% reported reading or watching cancer science popularization materials and 56.9% expressed a desire for deeper understanding. The most sought-after topics in cancer science popularization included cancer screening (80.2%) and cancer prevention (75.8%). The greatest challenge encountered in accessing cancer health popularization was an abundance of misinformation (67.5%).
CONCLUSION Most clinical doctors, patients, family, and the general public wish to participate in cancer education. However, improvement in the quality of content in cancer prevention and treatment education is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu-Juan Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xin-Xin Shao
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yi-Ming Lu
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan-Tao Tian
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Quan Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Kim HK, Biessels GJ, Yu MH, Hong N, Lee YH, Lee BW, Kang ES, Cha BS, Lee EJ, Lee M. SGLT2 Inhibitor Use and Risk of Dementia and Parkinson Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Neurology 2024; 103:e209805. [PMID: 39292986 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite the mechanistic potential of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) to improve neurologic outcomes, the efficacy of SGLT2i in neurodegenerative disorders among patients with type 2 diabetes is not well established. This population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the association of SGLT2i use with risks of incident dementia and Parkinson disease (PD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS This was a retrospective examination of data from a cohort of 1,348,362 participants with type 2 diabetes (≥40 years), who started antidiabetic drugs from 2014 to 2019, evaluated using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database. Propensity score matching (1:1; SGLT2i to other oral antidiabetic drugs [OADs]) produced a cohort of 358,862 participants. Primary outcomes were the individual incidence of Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and PD. Secondary outcomes were all-cause dementia (AD, VaD, and other dementia) and a composite of all-cause dementia and PD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the association between SGLT2i use and the risks of dementia and PD. RESULTS From the 358,862 participants analyzed (mean [SD] age, 57.8 [9.6] years; 58.0% male), 6,837 incident dementia or PD events occurred. Regarding the individual endpoints, SGLT2i use was associated with reduced risks of AD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.81, 95% CI 0.76-0.87), VaD (aHR 0.69, 95% CI 0.60-0.78), and PD (aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69-0.91) with a 6-month drug use lag period. In addition, use of SGLT2i was associated with a 21% lower risk of all-cause dementia (aHR 0.79, 95% CI 0.69-0.90) and a 22% lower risk of all-cause dementia and PD than use of other OADs (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.73-0.83). The association between the use of SGLT2i and the lowered risk of these neurodegenerative disorders was not affected by sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, diabetic complications, comorbidities, and medications. Sensitivity analysis further adjusting for bioclinical variables from health screening tests, including blood pressure, glucose, lipid profiles, and kidney function, yielded generally consistent results. DISCUSSION In this nationwide population-based study, SGLT2i use significantly reduced the risks of neurodegenerative disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes independent of various factors including comorbidities and bioclinical parameters. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that SGLT2 antidiabetic drugs decrease the risk of dementia and PD in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Kyung Kim
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Heui Yu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namki Hong
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wan Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Seok Kang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Cha
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (H.K.K., M.H.Y., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Institute of Endocrine Research (H.K.K., N.H., Y.-h.L., B.-W.L., E.S.K., B.-S.C., E.J.L., M.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.J.B.), University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands; and SENTINEL Team (M.H.Y.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Bellizzi KM, Fritzson E, Ligus K, Park CL. Social Support Buffers the Effect of Social Deprivation on Comorbidity Burden in Adults with Cancer. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:701-706. [PMID: 38935875 PMCID: PMC11404512 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with cancer have higher rates of comorbidity compared to those without cancer, with excess burden in people from lower socioeconomic status (SES). Social deprivation, based on geographic indices, broadens the focus of SES to include the importance of "place" and its association with health. Further, social support is a modifiable resource found to have direct and indirect effects on health in adults with cancer, with less known about its impact on comorbidity. PURPOSE We prospectively examined associations between social deprivation and comorbidity burden and the potential buffering role of social support. METHODS Our longitudinal sample of 420 adults (Mage = 59.6, SD = 11.6; 75% Non-Hispanic White) diagnosed with cancer completed measures at baseline (~6 months post-diagnosis) and four subsequent 3-month intervals for 1 year. RESULTS Adjusting for age, cancer type, and race/ethnicity, we found a statistically significant interaction between social support and the effect of social deprivation on comorbidity burden (β = -0.11, p = 0.012), such that greater social support buffered the negative effect of social deprivation on comorbidity burden. CONCLUSION Implementing routine screening for social deprivation in cancer care settings can help identify patients at risk of excess comorbidity burden. Clinician recognition of these findings could trigger a referral to social support resources for individuals high on social deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Bellizzi
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Road, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Emily Fritzson
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Road, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Kaleigh Ligus
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Road, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Crystal L Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Ruan J, Liu S, Ren Z. Intrinsic disruption of white matter microarchitecture in major depressive disorder: A voxel-based meta analysis of diffusion tensor imaging. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:161-173. [PMID: 39032713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling mood disorder, thought to be linked with brain white matter (WM) alterations. Prior diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported inconsistent changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) across different brain regions in MDD patients. However, none of these studies utilized raw t-map data for WM meta-analysis in MDD. Our study aims to address this gap by conducting a whole-brain-based meta-analysis of FA in MDD using Seed-based d mapping via permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI), combining reported peak coordinates and raw statistical parametric maps. OBJECTIVES Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic search and meta-analysis to compare FA in MDD patients with healthy controls (HC). Our goal was to identify WM abnormalities in MDD, using SDM, which could shed light on the disorder's pathogenesis. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 39 studies with 3696 participants (2094 with MDD, 1602HC). It revealed that MDD patients, in comparison to HC, have lower FA in the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior thalamic projections (ATP). Subgroup analyses indicated that the CC is a more stable pathogenic factor in MDD. Meta-regression analyses showed no linear correlation between the mean age, percentage of female patients, duration of depression, and FA abnormalities. This suggests that WM impairments in interhemispheric connections and anterior thalamocortical circuits are significant in the pathogenesis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
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93
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Bruffaerts R, Caywood K, Axinn WG. Early-life risk factors for depression among young adults in the United States general population: Attributable risks and gender differences. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:206-213. [PMID: 39025438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study adopts individual and societal-level approaches to examine the contribution of childhood risk factors to major depressive episodes (MDE) in 2526 American young adults. METHODS Nationally representative data from the 2017 U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics - Transition into Adulthood Supplement (PSID-TAS) were analyzed using multivariate methods to assess the impact of parental mental illness, childhood adversities, childhood mental disorders, and childhood physical conditions. Adjusted odds ratios and population attributable risk proportions (PARPs) are calculated to estimate the proportion of MDE cases related to risk factors. RESULTS The 12-month prevalence of positive screens for MDE was 25.4 %. Approximately 34 % of these were attributable to childhood mental disorders, 24 % to childhood physical conditions, 21 % to childhood adversities, and 16 % to parental mental illness. Childhood and parental depression were critical risk factors, both at the individual (odds ratio exceeding 2) and societal (PARP approximately 24 %) levels. Gender-specific risk factors were identified, with childhood physical abuse and childhood anxiety disorders constituting risk factors for females, and childhood externalizing disorders and childhood headaches as risk factors for males. Approximately 60 % of U.S. young adult MDE cases are attributable to risk factors before age 18. LIMITATIONS Possible over reporting of MDE may have biased the associations between predictors and depression. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to depression at a young age-one's own or parental depression-is a robust risk factor for both genders. Policies and interventions focused at alleviating the societal burden of depression should value its generational transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Bruffaerts
- Center for Public Health Psychiatry, Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kelsi Caywood
- Department of Sociology, Population Studies Center and Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - William G Axinn
- Department of Sociology, Population Studies Center and Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
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Li J, Liu Q, Tian Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Wang Y, Wang H, Guo X, Li H, Sun L, Hu B, Zhang D, Liang C, Sheng J, Tao F, Chen G, Yang L. The interaction between physical activity and ambient particulate matters on cognitive function among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:391-400. [PMID: 39029694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between physical activity (PA) and ambient particulate matters (PMs) on cognition is rarely investigated. Our study aimed to assess the interactions of PA and PMs on cognitive function in older adults. METHODS Our study comprised 3937 Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Cognition was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. PA information was gathered using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data of PMs were obtained from China High Air Pollutants (CHAP). Linear regressions model and interaction plots were applied to assess and visualize the interaction of PA and PMs on cognition, respectively. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) method was employed to visualize discernible thresholds for the interaction. RESULTS PMs were negatively associated with MMSE scores (PM1: β = -0.40, 95 % CI: -0.58, -0.28; PM2.5: β = -0.46, 95 % CI: -0.64, -0.29; PM10: β = -0.44, 95 % CI: -0.61, -0.26), and PA was positively affiliated with MMSE scores (β = 0.18, 95 % CI: -0.01, 0.38). Interaction plots and BKMR demonstrated that adverse connotations of PMs with MMSE increased with the elevated PA levels, and the positive associations of PA with MMSE scores were attenuated by increased PMs (all Pinteraction < 0.20). Discernible thresholds for the interaction between PMs and PA on MMSE were found. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PA should not be taken at higher PMs concentrations, and that low level of PA could be performed in PMs polluted environment to improve cognitive function. Further experimental and cohort researches are required to reproduce our discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ziwei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuqiu Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Wang C, Wang X, Wang J, Li X, Lu D, Guo F, Yao Y, Zhu J, Shen C, Xie Q, Mao H, Zhang P, Yang X, Wu H, Lv Q, Yi Z. Prevalence and clinical correlates of benzodiazepine use in the patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:619-625. [PMID: 39043307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and disabling condition characterized by abnormal mood changes. Clinical guidelines for depression treatment recommend antidepressant medications, with benzodiazepines acting as short-term synergists. However, little is currently known about the prevalence and associated clinical risk factors of benzodiazepine use among Chinese patients with MDD. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and clinical risk factors associated with benzodiazepine use in this population. METHODS A total of 2742 patients with MDD (males/females = 816/1926, aged 14-60 years) participated in this cross-sectional observational study. General information and psychosis assessments were collected online. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and sleep problems and suicidal tendencies using the third and ninth items of the PHQ-9. Multivariable logistic regression analysis models were employed to identify factors associated with benzodiazepine use. RESULTS The prevalence of benzodiazepine use among patients with MDD was 42.9 %. Among these patients, 99.6 % used a single benzodiazepine, with oxazepam being the most frequently prescribed. Age, severity of sleep problems, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms were significantly correlated with benzodiazepine use (all P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of this study precludes establishing causal relationships. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a high prevalence of benzodiazepine use among Chinese patients with MDD. Factors such as severe depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, age, and sleep problems appear to be associated with benzodiazepine use. These results underscore the importance of vigilance regarding benzodiazepine use in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongze Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jinde Wang
- Shanghai Fengxian District Mental Health Center, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daofeng Lu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chengjia Shen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qingfang Xie
- Shanghai Baoshan District Mental Health Center, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Haiying Mao
- Shanghai Baoshan District Mental Health Center, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Peiyun Zhang
- Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong 226005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Taicang Third People's Hospital, Taicang 215488, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haisu Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Qinyu Lv
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai 200040, China; Institute of Mental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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96
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Jamet C, Dubertret C, Le Strat Y, Tebeka S. Age of onset of major depressive episode and association with lifetime psychiatric disorders, health-related quality of life and impact of gender: A cross sectional and retrospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:300-309. [PMID: 39004313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term impact of the age of onset (AOO) of the first major depressive episode (MDE) according to 3 age groups and considering gender. METHODS Data were extracted from NESARC III, a representative U.S. SAMPLE We included 8053 participants with an MDE history in a cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study. We defined 3 AOO groups: childhood-onset (< 13 yo), adolescence-onset (13-18 yo), and adult-onset (> 18 yo). We compared sociodemographic characteristics, lifetime psychiatric disorders per DSM-5 criteria, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in each group and performed gender-stratified analyses. RESULTS Prevalence of childhood-onset MDE was 10.03 %, adolescence-onset was 14.12 %, and adult-onset was 75.85 %. Suicide attempts (AOR = 3.61; 95 % CI 2.90-4.50), anxiety disorders (AOR = 1.92; 95 % CI 1.62-2.27), and personality disorders (AOR = 3.08; 95 % CI 2.56-3.71) were more frequent in the childhood-onset than in the adult-onset one. Adolescence-onset group showed similar results. Physical Disability scale (p < 0.001) and Mental Disability scale (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the childhood-onset group. Results were more nuanced in the adolescence-onset group. Women in childhood-onset and adolescence-onset groups had poorer outcomes than the adult-onset group. Differences were less pronounced in men. LIMITATIONS Recall and classification biases inherent to survey design. CONCLUSION Individuals, particularly women, who experienced their first MDE during childhood or adolescence exhibit higher lifetime psychiatric disorder prevalence and poorer HRQOL than those with adult-onset MDE. These findings highlight the importance of preventive measures, early diagnosis, and treatment of youth depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jamet
- Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, 92700 Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, 92700 Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM U1266, Centre for Psychiatry and Neurosciences, 102 rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Yann Le Strat
- Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, 92700 Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM U1266, Centre for Psychiatry and Neurosciences, 102 rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Tebeka
- Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, 92700 Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM U1266, Centre for Psychiatry and Neurosciences, 102 rue de la Santé, 75014 Paris, France.
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97
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Yeager R, Keith RJ, Riggs DW, Fleischer D, Browning MHEM, Ossola A, Walker KL, Hart JL, Srivastava S, Rai SN, Smith T, Bhatnagar A. Intra-neighborhood associations between residential greenness and blood pressure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:173788. [PMID: 38901580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous investigations have reported that individuals living in greener neighborhoods have better cardiovascular health. It is unclear whether the effects reported at large geographic scales persist when examined at an intra-neighborhood level. The effects of greenness have not been thoroughly examined using high-resolution metrics of greenness exposure, and how they vary with spatial scales of assessment or participant characteristics. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of associations between blood pressure and multiple high-resolution measures of residential area greenness in spatially concentrated HEAL Study cohort of the Green Heart Project. We employed generalized linear models, accounting for individual-level covariates, to examine associations between different high-resolution measures of greenness and blood pressure among 667 participants in a 4 sq. mile contiguous neighborhood area in Louisville, KY. RESULTS In adjusted models, we observed significant inverse associations between residential greenness, measured by leaf area index (LAI), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) within 150-250 m and 500 m of homes, but not for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) or grass cover. Weaker associations were also found with diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Significant positive associations were observed between LAI and SBP among participants who reported being female, White, without obesity, non-exercisers, non-smokers, younger age, of lower income, and who had high nearby roadway traffic. We found few significant associations between grass cover and SBP, but an inverse association in those with obesity, but positive associations for those without obesity. CONCLUSIONS We found that leaf surface area of trees around participants home is strongly associated with lower blood pressure, with little association with grass cover. These effects varied with participant characteristics and spatial scales. More research is needed to test causative links between greenspace types and cardiovascular health and to develop population-, typology-, and place-based evidence to inform greening interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Yeager
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rachel J Keith
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel W Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel Fleischer
- Hyphae Design Laboratory, 942 Clay Street, Oakland, CA 94607, USA
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Sirrine 120B, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Alessandro Ossola
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis. PES-1238, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kandi L Walker
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Communication, University of Louisville, 310 Strickler Hall West, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Joy L Hart
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Communication, University of Louisville, 310 Strickler Hall West, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ted Smith
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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98
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Haque MA, Nath ND, Johnston TV, Haruna S, Ahn J, Ovissipour R, Ku S. Harnessing biotechnology for penicillin production: Opportunities and environmental considerations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174236. [PMID: 38942308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Since the discovery of antibiotics, penicillin has remained the top choice in clinical medicine. With continuous advancements in biotechnology, penicillin production has become cost-effective and efficient. Genetic engineering techniques have been employed to enhance biosynthetic pathways, leading to the production of new penicillin derivatives with improved properties and increased efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Advances in bioreactor design, media formulation, and process optimization have contributed to higher yields, reduced production costs, and increased penicillin accessibility. While biotechnological advances have clearly benefited the global production of this life-saving drug, they have also created challenges in terms of waste management. Production fermentation broths from industries contain residual antibiotics, by-products, and other contaminants that pose direct environmental threats, while increased global consumption intensifies the risk of antimicrobial resistance in both the environment and living organisms. The current geographical and spatial distribution of antibiotic and penicillin consumption dramatically reveals a worldwide threat. These challenges are being addressed through the development of novel waste management techniques. Efforts are aimed at both upstream and downstream processing of antibiotic and penicillin production to minimize costs and improve yield efficiency while lowering the overall environmental impact. Yield optimization using artificial intelligence (AI), along with biological and chemical treatment of waste, is also being explored to reduce adverse impacts. The implementation of strict regulatory frameworks and guidelines is also essential to ensure proper management and disposal of penicillin production waste. This review is novel because it explores the key remaining challenges in antibiotic development, the scope of machine learning tools such as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) in modern biotechnology-driven production, improved waste management for antibiotics, discovering alternative path to reducing antibiotic use in agriculture through alternative meat production, addressing current practices, and offering effective recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Nirmalendu Deb Nath
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
| | - Tony Vaughn Johnston
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA.
| | - Samuel Haruna
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA.
| | - Jaehyun Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Reza Ovissipour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Seockmo Ku
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
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Bandara S, Dapat C, Oishi W, Tsinda EK, Apostol LNG, Hirayama N, Saito M, Sano D. Identification of environmental, socioeconomic, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) factors associated with COVID-19 incidence in the Philippines: A nationwide modelling study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174214. [PMID: 38914343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions, the threat of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains significant on a global scale. Identifying external factors contributing to its spread is crucial, especially given the World Health Organization's recommendation emphasizing access to water, sanitation, and hygiene as essential in curbing COVID-19. There is a notable discrepancy in access to sanitation facilities, particularly evident in low- and middle-income countries. However, there is a lack of quantitative assessments regarding these factors. This study examines various environmental, socioeconomic, water, sanitation, and hygiene factors and their associations with COVID-19 incidence. All regions in the Philippines were categorized into clusters based on socioeconomic factors. A conceptual structural equation model (SEM) was developed using domain knowledge. The best-fitting SEM for each cluster was determined, and associations between factors and COVID-19 incidence were estimated. The correlation analysis revealed that rainfall, minimum temperature, and relative humidity were positively correlated with weekly COVID-19 incidence in urban regions. Maximum temperature, mean temperature, wind speed, and wind direction were negatively correlated with weekly COVID-19 incidence in rural regions, with time lags of 0, 3, and 7 weeks. In urban regions (Cluster 1), factors such as urbanization rate (1.00), area (-0.93), and population (0.54) were found to be associated with weekly COVID-19 incidence. Conversely, in rural regions (Cluster 2), factors including area (0.17), basic sanitation (0.84), and wind direction (0.83) showed associations with weekly COVID-19 incidence. These factors were causally associated with a latent variable reflecting the hidden confounders associated with COVID-19 incidence. It is important to note that sanitation factors were associated only in rural regions. Improving access to sanitation facilities in rural regions of the Philippines is imperative to effectively mitigate disease transmission in future pandemics. Identification of the causal effect of unobserved confounders with COVID-19 incidence is recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewwandi Bandara
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Clyde Dapat
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wakana Oishi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Emmanuel Kagning Tsinda
- Center for Biomedical Innovation, Sinskey Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lea Necitas G Apostol
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Philippines
| | - Naoko Hirayama
- School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mayuko Saito
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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You M, Grobois L, Etienne M. Reader Response: Fine Particulate Matter and Parkinson Disease Risk Among Medicare Beneficiaries. Neurology 2024; 103:e209374. [PMID: 39255433 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
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