101
|
Yang Y, Chen B, Dang X, Zhu L, Rao J, Ren H, Lin C, Qin Y, Lin D. Arabidopsis IPGA1 is a microtubule-associated protein essential for cell expansion during petal morphogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5231-5243. [PMID: 31198941 PMCID: PMC6793458 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Unlike animal cells, plant cells do not possess centrosomes that serve as microtubule organizing centers; how microtubule arrays are organized throughout plant morphogenesis remains poorly understood. We report here that Arabidopsis INCREASED PETAL GROWTH ANISOTROPY 1 (IPGA1), a previously uncharacterized microtubule-associated protein, regulates petal growth and shape by affecting cortical microtubule organization. Through a genetic screen, we showed that IPGA1 loss-of-function mutants displayed a phenotype of longer and narrower petals, as well as increased anisotropic cell expansion of the petal epidermis in the late phases of flower development. Map-based cloning studies revealed that IPGA1 encodes a previously uncharacterized protein that colocalizes with and directly binds to microtubules. IPGA1 plays a negative role in the organization of cortical microtubules into parallel arrays oriented perpendicular to the axis of cell elongation, with the ipga1-1 mutant displaying increased microtubule ordering in petal abaxial epidermal cells. The IPGA1 family is conserved among land plants and its homologs may have evolved to regulate microtubule organization. Taken together, our findings identify IPGA1 as a novel microtubule-associated protein and provide significant insights into IPGA1-mediated microtubule organization and petal growth anisotropy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yang
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binqinq Chen
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xie Dang
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lilan Zhu
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinqiu Rao
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huibo Ren
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chentao Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deshu Lin
- College of Life Science, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Ju F, Liu S, Zhang S, Ma H, Chen J, Ge C, Shen Q, Zhang X, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Pang C. Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes associated with fruiting branch internode elongation in upland cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:415. [PMID: 31590649 PMCID: PMC6781417 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate plant architecture can improve the amount of cotton boll opening and allow increased planting density, thus increasing the level of cotton mechanical harvesting and cotton yields. The internodes of cotton fruiting branches are an important part of cotton plant architecture. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of internode elongation in cotton fruiting branches is highly important. RESULTS In this study, we selected internodes of cotton fruiting branches at three different stages from two cultivars whose internode lengths differed significantly. A total of 76,331 genes were detected by transcriptome sequencing. By KEGG pathway analysis, we found that DEGs were significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. The transcriptional data and qRT-PCR results showed that members of the GH3 gene family, which are involved in auxin signal transduction, and CKX enzymes, which can reduce the level of CKs, were highly expressed in the cultivar XLZ77, which has relatively short internodes. Genes related to ethylene synthase (ACS), EIN2/3 and ERF in the ethylene signal transduction pathway and genes related to JAR1, COI1 and MYC2 in the JA signal transduction pathway were also highly expressed in XLZ77. Plant hormone determination results showed that the IAA and CK contents significantly decreased in cultivar XLZ77 compared with those in cultivar L28, while the ACC (the precursor of ethylene) and JA contents significantly increased. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the GO categories associated with promoting cell elongation, such as cell division, the cell cycle process and cell wall organization, were significantly enriched, and related genes were highly expressed in L28. However, genes related to the sphingolipid metabolic process and lignin biosynthetic process, whose expression can affect cell elongation, were highly expressed in XLZ77. In addition, 2067 TFs were differentially expressed. The WRKY, ERF and bHLH TF families were the top three largest families whose members were active in the two varieties, and the expression levels of most of the genes encoding these TFs were upregulated in XLZ77. CONCLUSIONS Auxin and CK are positive regulators of internode elongation in cotton branches. In contrast, ethylene and JA may act as negative regulators of internode elongation in cotton branches. Furthermore, the WRKY, ERF and bHLH TFs were identified as important inhibitors of internode elongation in cotton. In XLZ77(a short-internode variety), the mass synthesis of ethylene and amino acid conjugation of auxin led to the inhibition of plant cell elongation, while an increase in JA content and degradation of CKs led to a slow rate of cell division, which eventually resulted in a phenotype that presented relatively short internodes on the fruiting branches. The results of this study not only provide gene resources for the genetic improvement of cotton plant architecture but also lay a foundation for improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of the internode elongation of cotton branches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology (Hebei Base)/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 Hebei China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Shaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Siping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Changwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology (Hebei Base)/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 Hebei China
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455112 Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Natural Variation and Domestication Selection of ZmPGP1 Affects Plant Architecture and Yield-Related Traits in Maize. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090664. [PMID: 31480272 PMCID: PMC6770335 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
ZmPGP1, involved in the polar auxin transport, has been shown to be associated with plant height, leaf angle, yield traits, and root development in maize. To explore natural variation and domestication selection of ZmPGP1, we re-sequenced the ZmPGP1 gene in 349 inbred lines, 68 landraces, and 32 teosintes. Sequence polymorphisms, nucleotide diversity, and neutral tests revealed that ZmPGP1 might be selected during domestication and improvement processes. Marker–trait association analysis in inbred lines identified 11 variants significantly associated with 4 plant architecture and 5 ear traits. SNP1473 was the most significant variant for kernel length and ear grain weight. The frequency of an increased allele T was 40.6% in teosintes, and it was enriched to 60.3% and 89.1% during maize domestication and improvement. This result revealed that ZmPGP1 may be selected in the domestication and improvement process, and significant variants could be used to develop functional markers to improve plant architecture and ear traits in maize.
Collapse
|
104
|
Lee ZH, Hirakawa T, Yamaguchi N, Ito T. The Roles of Plant Hormones and Their Interactions with Regulatory Genes in Determining Meristem Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164065. [PMID: 31434317 PMCID: PMC6720427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants, unlike animals, have developed a unique system in which they continue to form organs throughout their entire life cycle, even after embryonic development. This is possible because plants possess a small group of pluripotent stem cells in their meristems. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) plays a key role in forming all of the aerial structures of plants, including floral meristems (FMs). The FMs subsequently give rise to the floral organs containing reproductive structures. Studies in the past few decades have revealed the importance of transcription factors and secreted peptides in meristem activity using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Recent advances in genomic, transcriptomic, imaging, and modeling technologies have allowed us to explore the interplay between transcription factors, secreted peptides, and plant hormones. Two different classes of plant hormones, cytokinins and auxins, and their interaction are particularly important for controlling SAM and FM development. This review focuses on the current issues surrounding the crosstalk between the hormonal and genetic regulatory network during meristem self-renewal and organogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Hong Lee
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirakawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ito
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Chapman K, Taleski M, Ogilvie HA, Imin N, Djordjevic MA. CEP-CEPR1 signalling inhibits the sucrose-dependent enhancement of lateral root growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:3955-3967. [PMID: 31056646 PMCID: PMC6685651 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lateral root (LR) proliferation is a major determinant of soil nutrient uptake. How resource allocation controls the extent of LR growth remains unresolved. We used genetic, physiological, transcriptomic, and grafting approaches to define a role for C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE RECEPTOR 1 (CEPR1) in controlling sucrose-dependent LR growth. CEPR1 inhibited LR growth in response to applied sucrose, other metabolizable sugars, and elevated light intensity. Pathways through CEPR1 restricted LR growth by reducing LR meristem size and the length of mature LR cells. RNA-sequencing of wild-type (WT) and cepr1-1 roots with or without sucrose treatment revealed an intersection of CEP-CEPR1 signalling with the sucrose transcriptional response. Sucrose up-regulated several CEP genes, supporting a specific role for CEP-CEPR1 in the response to sucrose. Moreover, genes with basally perturbed expression in cepr1-1 overlap with WT sucrose-responsive genes significantly. We found that exogenous CEP inhibited LR growth via CEPR1 by reducing LR meristem size and mature cell length. This result is consistent with CEP-CEPR1 acting to curtail the extent of sucrose-dependent LR growth. Reciprocal grafting indicates that LR growth inhibition requires CEPR1 in both the roots and shoots. Our results reveal a new role for CEP-CEPR1 signalling in controlling LR growth in response to sucrose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Chapman
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michael Taleski
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Huw A Ogilvie
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Present address: Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Nijat Imin
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Present address: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Michael A Djordjevic
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Cabello JV, Chan RL. Arabidopsis and sunflower plants with increased xylem area show enhanced seed yield. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:717-732. [PMID: 31009150 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture plasticity determines the efficiency at harvesting and plays a major role defining biomass and seed yield. We observed that several previously described transgenic genotypes exhibiting increased seed yield also show wider stems and more vascular bundles than wild-type plants. Here, the relationship between these characteristics and seed yield was investigated. Hanging weight on the main stem of Arabidopsis plants provoked significant stem widening. Such widening was accompanied by an increase in the number of vascular bundles and about 100% of yield increase. In parallel, lignin deposition diminished. Vascular bundle formation started in the upper internode and continued downstream. AUX/LAX carriers were essential for this response. The increase of vascular bundles was reverted 3 weeks after the treatment leading to an enlarged xylem area. Aux1, lax1, and lax3 mutant plants were also able to enlarge their stems after the treatment, whereas lax2 plants did not. However, none of these mutants exhibited more vascular bundles or seed yield compared with untreated plants. Weight-induced xylem area enhancement and increased seed yield were also observed in sunflower plants. Altogether these results showed a strong correlation between the number of vascular bundles and enhanced seed yield under a long-day photoperiod. Furthermore, changes in the levels of auxin carriers affected both these processes in the same manner, suggesting that there may be an underlying causality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta V Cabello
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional N° 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raquel L Chan
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional N° 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Overexpression of SlGRAS7 Affects Multiple Behaviors Leading to Confer Abiotic Stresses Tolerance and Impacts Gibberellin and Auxin Signaling in Tomato. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:4051981. [PMID: 31355243 PMCID: PMC6636567 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4051981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses remain the key environmental issues that reduce plant development and therefore affect crop production. Transcription factors, such as the GRAS family, are involved in various functions of abiotic stresses and plant growth. The GRAS family of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlGRAS7, is described in this study. We produced overexpressing SlGARS7 plants to learn more about the GRAS transcription factors. Plants overexpressing SlGARS7 (SlGRAS7-OE) showed multiple phenotypes related to many behaviors, including plant height, root and shoot length, and flowering time. We observed that many genes in the SlGRAS7-OE seedlings that are associated with auxin and gibberellin (GA) are downregulated and have altered sensitivity to GA3/IAA. SlGRAS7 was upregulated during abiotic stresses following treatment with sodium chloride (NaCl) and D-mannitol in the wild-type (WT) tomato. Tomato plants overexpressing SlGRAS7 showed more resistance to drought and salt stress comparison with WT. Our study of SlGRAS7 in tomato demonstrates how GRAS showed an integrative role, improving resistance to abiotic stresses and enhancing gibberellin/auxin signaling through reproductive as well as vegetative processes.
Collapse
|
108
|
Ren R, Li D, Zhen C, Chen D, Chen X. Specific roles of Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance in rice. PLANTA 2019; 249:1851-1861. [PMID: 30848355 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Morphological, physiological, and gene expression analyses showed that Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 played specific roles in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance of rice, with various relations with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. β-Glucosidases (BGlus) belong to glycoside hydrolase family 1 and have many functions in plants. In this study, we investigated the function of three BGlus in seed germination, drought tolerance, and root elongation using the loss-of-function mutants bglu10, bglu24, and bglu33. These mutants germinated slightly later under normal conditions and had significantly longer roots than the wild type. In the presence of ABA, bglu10 and bglu24 exhibited a higher germination inhibition percentage, whereas bglu33 had a lower germination inhibition percentage, compared to the wild type. All of the mutants exhibited less drought tolerance, with the survival rates significantly lower than that of the wild type, which was also confirmed by a decrease in relative leaf water content and Fv/Fm ratio after drought treatment. The root length of bglu10 did not respond to IAA, whereas that of bglu24 responded to a high (0.25 µM) concentration of IAA, and that of bglu33 to a low (0.05 µM) concentration of IAA. The root length of bglu10 and bglu24 did not respond to ABA, whereas that of bglu33 increased significantly in response to a high (0.05 µM) concentration of ABA. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that expression of Os4BGlu10 was up-regulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG), whereas that of Os6BGlu24 was up-regulated by 0.25 µM IAA, and Os9BGlu33 was up-regulated by PEG, IAA, and ABA. Taken together, we demonstrate that Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 play specific roles in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance with various relation with IAA and ABA signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chunyan Zhen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Defu Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Selective auxin agonists induce specific AUX/IAA protein degradation to modulate plant development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:6463-6472. [PMID: 30850516 PMCID: PMC6442611 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809037116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin phytohormones control most aspects of plant development through a complex and interconnected signaling network. In the presence of auxin, AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) transcriptional repressors are targeted for degradation by the SKP1-CULLIN1-F-BOX (SCF) ubiquitin-protein ligases containing TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB). CULLIN1-neddylation is required for SCFTIR1/AFB functionality, as exemplified by mutants deficient in the NEDD8-activating enzyme subunit AUXIN-RESISTANT 1 (AXR1). Here, we report a chemical biology screen that identifies small molecules requiring AXR1 to modulate plant development. We selected four molecules of interest, RubNeddin 1 to 4 (RN1 to -4), among which RN3 and RN4 trigger selective auxin responses at transcriptional, biochemical, and morphological levels. This selective activity is explained by their ability to consistently promote the interaction between TIR1 and a specific subset of AUX/IAA proteins, stimulating the degradation of particular AUX/IAA combinations. Finally, we performed a genetic screen using RN4, the RN with the greatest potential for dissecting auxin perception, which revealed that the chromatin remodeling ATPase BRAHMA is implicated in auxin-mediated apical hook development. These results demonstrate the power of selective auxin agonists to dissect auxin perception for plant developmental functions, as well as offering opportunities to discover new molecular players involved in auxin responses.
Collapse
|
110
|
Shirley NJ, Aubert MK, Wilkinson LG, Bird DC, Lora J, Yang X, Tucker MR. Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:310-336. [PMID: 30474296 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Grain production in cereal crops depends on the stable formation of male and female gametes in the flower. In most angiosperms, the female gamete is produced from a germline located deep within the ovary, protected by several layers of maternal tissue, including the ovary wall, ovule integuments and nucellus. In the field, germline formation and floret fertility are major determinants of yield potential, contributing to traits such as seed number, weight and size. As such, stimuli affecting the timing and duration of reproductive phases, as well as the viability, size and number of cells within reproductive organs can significantly impact yield. One key stimulant is the phytohormone auxin, which influences growth and morphogenesis of female tissues during gynoecium development, gametophyte formation, and endosperm cellularization. In this review we consider the role of the auxin signaling pathway during ovule and seed development, first in the context of Arabidopsis and then in the cereals. We summarize the gene families involved and highlight distinct expression patterns that suggest a range of roles in reproductive cell specification and fate. This is discussed in terms of seed production and how targeted modification of different tissues might facilitate improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Shirley
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew K Aubert
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Laura G Wilkinson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Dayton C Bird
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Jorge Lora
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Gräfe K, Shanmugarajah K, Zobel T, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Kleinschrodt D, Smits SHJ, Schmitt L. Cloning and expression of selected ABC transporters from the Arabidopsis thaliana ABCG family in Pichia pastoris. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211156. [PMID: 30657786 PMCID: PMC6338384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytohormones play a major role in plant growth and development. They are in most cases not synthesized in their target location and hence need to be transported to the site of action, by for instance ATP-binding cassette transporters. Within the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, Pleiotropic Drug Resistance transporters are known to be involved in phytohormone transport. Interestingly, PDRs are only present in plants and fungi. In contrast to fungi, there are few biochemical studies of plant PDRs and one major reason is that suitable overexpression systems have not been identified. In this study, we evaluate the expression system Pichia pastoris for heterologous overexpression of PDR genes of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We successfully cloned and expressed the potential phytohormone transporters PDR2 and PDR8 in P. pastoris. Sucrose gradient centrifugation confirmed that the overexpressed proteins were correctly targeted to the plasma membrane of P. pastoris and initial functional studies demonstrated ATPase activity for WBC1. However, difficulties in cloning and heterologous overexpression might be particular obstacles of the PDR family, since cloning and overexpression of White Brown Complex 1, a half-size transporter of the same ABCG subfamily with comparable domain organization, was more easily achieved. We present strategies and highlight critical factors to successfully clone plant PDR genes and heterologously expressed in P. pastoris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Gräfe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kalpana Shanmugarajah
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University, Duüsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Diana Kleinschrodt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Protein Production Facility, Heinrich Heine University, Duüsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H. J. Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Wang Z, Solanki MK, Yu ZX, Yang LT, An QL, Dong DF, Li YR. Draft Genome Analysis Offers Insights Into the Mechanism by Which Streptomyces chartreusis WZS021 Increases Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3262. [PMID: 30687260 PMCID: PMC6338045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought directly affects sugarcane production. Plant growth-promoting bacteria have gained attention as growth promoters of plants under abiotic stresses. The present study focused on genome assessment of the plant-beneficial endophyte Streptomyces chartreusis WZS021 and its vital role in sugarcane plants under drought stress. Based on in vitro plant growth-promoting trait analyses, WZS021 had multiple abilities, including tolerance to drought and production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase, siderophores, and indole acetic acid. We confirmed root colonization of sugarcane transplants by WZS021 by a sterile sand assay and scanning electron microscopy. Plants inoculated with strain WZS021 had a positive influence on the root parameters such as length and biomass when compared to the control plants. A comparative study of the responses of two sugarcane varieties (ROC22 and B8) to different levels of drought stress in the presence or absence of WZS021 was conducted by assessing the plant chemistry. The expression of antioxidants in sugarcane leaves varied with water stress level. WZS021 inoculation improved the contents of chlorophyll, proline, and phytohormones, revealing some potential for the mechanisms by which this strain improves drought tolerance in sugarcane plants. We identified several genes that might be involved in the plant growth- and drought tolerance-promoting effects of this strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement Guangxi, Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Department of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Zhuo-Xin Yu
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qian-Li An
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deng-Feng Dong
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement Guangxi, Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Casadesús A, Polo J, Munné-Bosch S. Hormonal Effects of an Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Animal Protein-Based Biostimulant (Pepton) in Water-Stressed Tomato Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:758. [PMID: 31249580 PMCID: PMC6582703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulants may promote growth or alleviate the negative effects of abiotic stress on plant growth eventually resulting in enhanced yields. We examined the mechanism of action of an enzymatically hydrolyzed animal protein-based biostimulant (Pepton), which has previously been shown to benefit growth and yield in several horticultural crops, particularly under stressful conditions. Tomato plants were exposed to well-watered and water-stressed conditions in a greenhouse and the hormonal profiling of leaves was measured during and after the application of Pepton. Results showed that the Pepton application benefited antioxidant protection and exerted a major hormonal effect in leaves of water-stressed tomatoes by increasing the endogenous content of indole-3-acetic acid (auxin), trans-zeatin (cytokinin), and jasmonic acid. The enhanced jasmonic acid content may have contributed to an increased production of tocochromanols because plastochromanol-8 concentration per unit of chlorophyll was higher in Pepton-treated plants compared to controls. In conclusion, the tested Pepton application may exert a positive effect on hormonal balance and the antioxidant system of plants under water stress in an economically important crop, such as tomato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casadesús
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Polo
- R&D Department, APC Europe S.L., Granollers, Spain
- *Correspondence: Javier Polo,
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Kim G, Jang S, Yoon EK, Lee SA, Dhar S, Kim J, Lee MM, Lim J. Involvement of Pyridoxine/Pyridoxamine 5'-Phosphate Oxidase (PDX3) in Ethylene-Induced Auxin Biosynthesis in the Arabidopsis Root. Mol Cells 2018; 41:1033-1044. [PMID: 30453730 PMCID: PMC6315319 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants have evolved to adjust their growth and development to environmental changes. It has been well documented that the crosstalk between different plant hormones plays important roles in the coordination of growth and development of the plant. Here, we describe a novel recessive mutant, mildly insensitive to ethylene (mine), which displayed insensitivity to the ethylene precursor, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), in the root under the dark-grown conditions. By contrast, mine roots exhibited a normal growth response to exogenous IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). Thus, it appears that the growth responses of mine to ACC and IAA resemble those of weak ethylene insensitive (wei) mutants. To understand the molecular events underlying the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin in the root, we identified the MINE locus and found that the MINE gene encodes the pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP)/pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP) oxidase, PDX3. Our results revealed that MINE/PDX3 likely plays a role in the conversion of the auxin precursor tryptophan to indole-3-pyruvic acid in the auxin biosynthesis pathway, in which TAA1 (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1) and its related genes (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED 1 and 2; TAR1 and TAR2) are involved. Considering that TAA1 and TARs belong to a subgroup of PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate)-dependent enzymes, we propose that PLP produced by MINE/PDX3 acts as a cofactor in TAA1/TAR-dependent auxin biosynthesis induced by ethylene, which in turn influences the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin in the Arabidopsis root.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyuree Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sejeong Jang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Shin Ae Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju,
Korea
| | - Souvik Dhar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jinkwon Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Myeong Min Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jun Lim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Xuan L, Zhang C, Yan T, Wu D, Hussain N, Li Z, Chen M, Pan J, Jiang L. TRANSPARENT TESTA 4-mediated flavonoids negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2773-2790. [PMID: 29981254 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are involved in many physiological processes in plants. TRANSPARENT TESTA 4 (TT4) acts at the first step of flavonoid biosynthesis, and the loss of TT4 function causes a lack of flavonoid. Flavonoid deficiency is reportedly the main cause of increased fatty acid content in pale-coloured oilseeds, but details regarding the relationship between seed flavonoids and fatty acid biosynthesis are elusive. In this work, we applied a genetic strategy combined with biochemical and cytological assays to determine the effect of seed flavonoids on the biosynthesis of fatty acids in Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that TT4-mediated flavonoids negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis. A crossing experiment indicated that seed flavonoid biosynthesis and the impact of this process on fatty acid biosynthesis were controlled in a maternal line-dependent manner. Loss of TT4 function activated glycolysis in seed embryos, thereby enhancing fatty acid biosynthesis, but did not improve seed mucilage production. Moreover, loss of TT4 function reduced PIN-FORMED 4 expression and subsequently increased auxin accumulation in embryos. Pharmacologically and genetically elevated auxin levels enhanced seed fatty acid biosynthesis. These results indicated that flavonoids affect fatty acid biosynthesis by carbon source reallocation via regulation of WRINKLE1 and auxin transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Xuan
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhilan Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingxun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Zhou AP, Zong D, Gan PH, Zou XL, Fei X, Zhong YY, He CZ. Physiological Analysis and Transcriptome Profiling of Inverted Cuttings of Populus yunnanensis Reveal That Cell Wall Metabolism Plays a Crucial Role in Responding to Inversion. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E572. [PMID: 30477186 PMCID: PMC6316517 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inverted cuttings of Populus yunnanensis remain alive by rooting from the original morphological apex and sprouting from the base, but the lateral branches exhibit less vigorous growth than those of the upright plant. In this study, we examined the changes in hormone contents, oxidase activities, and transcriptome profiles between upright and inverted cuttings of P. yunnanensis. The results showed that the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA₃) contents were significantly lower in inverted cuttings than in upright cuttings only in the late growth period (September and October), while the abscisic acid (ABA) level was always similar between the two direction types. The biosynthesis of these hormones was surprisingly unrelated to the inversion of P. yunnanensis during the vegetative growth stage (July and August). Increased levels of peroxidases (PODs) encoded by 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) served as lignification promoters that protected plants against oxidative stress. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that most DEGs (107) were related to carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, altered activities of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugar pyrophosphorylase (USP, 15 DEGs) for nucleotide sugars, pectin methylesterase (PME, 7 DEGs) for pectin, and POD (13 DEGs) for lignin were important factors in the response of the trees to inversion, and these enzymes are all involved cell wall metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An-Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Dan Zong
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Pei-Hua Gan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Xin-Lian Zou
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Xuan Fei
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Cheng-Zhong He
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Ullah A, Manghwar H, Shaban M, Khan AH, Akbar A, Ali U, Ali E, Fahad S. Phytohormones enhanced drought tolerance in plants: a coping strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:33103-33118. [PMID: 30284160 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a severe environmental constraint among the emerging problems. Plants are highly vulnerable to drought stress and a severe decrease in yield was recorded in the last few decades. So, it is highly desirable to understand the mechanism of drought tolerance in plants and consequently enhance the tolerance against drought stress. Phytohormones are known to play vital roles in regulating various phenomenons in plants to acclimatize to varying drought environment. Abscisic acid (ABA) is considered the main hormone which intensifies drought tolerance in plants through various morpho-physiological and molecular processes including stomata regulation, root development, and initiation of ABA-dependent pathway. In addition, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) ethylene (ET), auxins (IAA), gibberellins (GAs), cytokinins (CKs), and brassinosteroids (BRs) are also very important phytohormones to congregate the challenges of drought stress. However, these hormones are usually cross talk with each other to increase the survival of plants in drought conditions. On the other hand, the transgenic approach is currently the most accepted technique to engineer the genes responsible for the synthesis of phytohormones in drought stress response. Our present review highlights the regulatory circuits of phytohormones in drought tolerance mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18550, Pakistan.
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Adnan Akbar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Usman Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ehsan Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shah Fahad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, KPK, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Fritz MA, Rosa S, Sicard A. Mechanisms Underlying the Environmentally Induced Plasticity of Leaf Morphology. Front Genet 2018; 9:478. [PMID: 30405690 PMCID: PMC6207588 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary function of leaves is to provide an interface between plants and their environment for gas exchange, light exposure and thermoregulation. Leaves have, therefore a central contribution to plant fitness by allowing an efficient absorption of sunlight energy through photosynthesis to ensure an optimal growth. Their final geometry will result from a balance between the need to maximize energy uptake while minimizing the damage caused by environmental stresses. This intimate relationship between leaf and its surroundings has led to an enormous diversification in leaf forms. Leaf shape varies between species, populations, individuals or even within identical genotypes when those are subjected to different environmental conditions. For instance, the extent of leaf margin dissection has, for long, been found to inversely correlate with the mean annual temperature, such that Paleobotanists have used models based on leaf shape to predict the paleoclimate from fossil flora. Leaf growth is not only dependent on temperature but is also regulated by many other environmental factors such as light quality and intensity or ambient humidity. This raises the question of how the different signals can be integrated at the molecular level and converted into clear developmental decisions. Several recent studies have started to shed the light on the molecular mechanisms that connect the environmental sensing with organ-growth and patterning. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the influence of different environmental signals on leaf size and shape, their integration as well as their importance for plant adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanie Rosa
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adrien Sicard
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Susila H, Nasim Z, Ahn JH. Ambient Temperature-Responsive Mechanisms Coordinate Regulation of Flowering Time. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103196. [PMID: 30332820 PMCID: PMC6214042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, environmental conditions such as temperature affect survival, growth, and fitness, particularly during key stages such as seedling growth and reproduction. To survive and thrive in changing conditions, plants have evolved adaptive responses that tightly regulate developmental processes such as hypocotyl elongation and flowering time in response to environmental temperature changes. Increases in temperature, coupled with increasing fluctuations in local climate and weather, severely affect our agricultural systems; therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which plants perceive and respond to temperature is critical for agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of ambient temperature perception as well as possible temperature sensing components in plants. Based on recent publications, we highlight several temperature response mechanisms, including the deposition and eviction of histone variants, DNA methylation, alternative splicing, protein degradation, and protein localization. We discuss roles of each proposed temperature-sensing mechanism that affects plant development, with an emphasis on flowering time. Studies of plant ambient temperature responses are advancing rapidly, and this review provides insights for future research aimed at understanding the mechanisms of temperature perception and responses in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendry Susila
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Zeeshan Nasim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Ahn
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
A transportome-scale amiRNA-based screen identifies redundant roles of Arabidopsis ABCB6 and ABCB20 in auxin transport. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4204. [PMID: 30310073 PMCID: PMC6182007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of signaling molecules is of major importance for regulating plant growth, development, and responses to the environment. A prime example is the spatial-distribution of auxin, which is regulated via transporters to govern developmental patterning. A critical limitation in our ability to identify transporters by forward genetic screens is their potential functional redundancy. Here, we overcome part of this functional redundancy via a transportome, multi-targeted forward-genetic screen using artificial-microRNAs (amiRNAs). We generate a library of 3000 plant lines expressing 1777 amiRNAs, designed to target closely homologous genes within subclades of transporter families and identify, genotype and quantitatively phenotype, 80 lines showing reproducible shoot growth phenotypes. Within this population, we discover and characterize a strong redundant role for the unstudied ABCB6 and ABCB20 genes in auxin transport and response. The unique multi-targeted lines generated in this study could serve as a genetic resource that is expected to reveal additional transporters. Characterizing plant membrane transporters via genetic methods is complicated by functional redundancy among multi-gene transporter families. Here Zhang et al. use an artificial microRNA-based screen to overcome this issue and show that ABCB6 and ABCB20 act redundantly to regulate auxin transport.
Collapse
|
121
|
Hao JH, Zhang LL, Li PP, Sun YC, Li JK, Qin XX, Wang L, Qi ZY, Xiao S, Han YY, Liu CJ, Fan SX. Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) Reveals Molecular Basis-Associated Auxin and Photosynthesis with Bolting Induced by High Temperature. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2967. [PMID: 30274198 PMCID: PMC6213495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bolting is a key process in the growth and development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A high temperature can induce early bolting, which decreases both the quality and production of lettuce. However, knowledge of underlying lettuce bolting is still lacking. To better understand the molecular basis of bolting, a comparative proteomics analysis was conducted on lettuce stems, during the bolting period induced by a high temperature (33 °C) and a control temperature (20 °C) using iTRAQ-based proteomics, phenotypic measures, and biological verifications using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The high temperature induced lettuce bolting, while the control temperature did not. Of the 5454 identified proteins, 619 proteins presented differential abundance induced by high-temperature relative to the control group, of which 345 had an increased abundance and 274 had a decreased abundance. Proteins with an abundance level change were mainly enriched in pathways associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism involved in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Moreover, among the proteins with differential abundance, proteins associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were increased. These findings indicate that a high temperature enhances the function of photosynthesis and IAA biosynthesis to promote the process of bolting, which is in line with the physiology and transcription level of IAA metabolism. Our data provide a first comprehensive dataset for gaining novel understanding of the molecular basis underlying lettuce bolting induced by high temperature. It is potentially important for further functional analysis and genetic manipulation for molecular breeding to breed new cultivars of lettuce to restrain early bolting, which is vital for improving vegetable quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hong Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Pan-Pan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yan-Chuan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Jian-Ke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Zheng-Yang Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shuang Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ying-Yan Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Chao-Jie Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shuang-Xi Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Sakr S, Wang M, Dédaldéchamp F, Perez-Garcia MD, Ogé L, Hamama L, Atanassova R. The Sugar-Signaling Hub: Overview of Regulators and Interaction with the Hormonal and Metabolic Network. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 57:2367-2379. [PMID: 30149541 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources. Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its hormonal balance, and its developmental stage. Many investigations have recently been conducted to provide insights into sugar signaling and its interplay with hormones and nitrogen in the fine-tuning of plant growth, development, and survival. The present review emphasizes the diversity of sugar signaling integrators, the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to the sugar-signaling dependent regulations, and to the regulatory hubs acting in the interplay of the sugar-hormone and sugar-nitrogen networks. It also contributes to compiling evidence likely to fill a few knowledge gaps, and raises new questions for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soulaiman Sakr
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Ming Wang
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Fabienne Dédaldéchamp
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Laurent Ogé
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Rossitza Atanassova
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Sakr S, Wang M, Dédaldéchamp F, Perez-Garcia MD, Ogé L, Hamama L, Atanassova R. The Sugar-Signaling Hub: Overview of Regulators and Interaction with the Hormonal and Metabolic Network. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092506. [PMID: 30149541 PMCID: PMC6165531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources. Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its hormonal balance, and its developmental stage. Many investigations have recently been conducted to provide insights into sugar signaling and its interplay with hormones and nitrogen in the fine-tuning of plant growth, development, and survival. The present review emphasizes the diversity of sugar signaling integrators, the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to the sugar-signaling dependent regulations, and to the regulatory hubs acting in the interplay of the sugar-hormone and sugar-nitrogen networks. It also contributes to compiling evidence likely to fill a few knowledge gaps, and raises new questions for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soulaiman Sakr
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Ming Wang
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Fabienne Dédaldéchamp
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Laurent Ogé
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Rossitza Atanassova
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Multiple Hormones, Wounding and Sugar Signaling Pathways Mediate Adventitious Root Formation in Apple Rootstock. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082201. [PMID: 30060517 PMCID: PMC6121287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adventitious roots (AR) play an important role in the vegetative propagation of apple rootstocks. The potential role of hormone, wounding, and sugar signalling pathways in mediating AR formation has not been adequately explored and the whole co-expression network in AR formation has not been well established in apple. In order to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying AR formation in 'T337' apple rootstocks, transcriptomic changes that occur during four stages of AR formation (0, 3, 9 and 16 days) were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 4294 differentially expressed genes were identified. Approximately 446 genes related to hormones, wounding, sugar signaling, root development, and cell cycle induction pathways were subsequently selected based on their potential to be involved in AR formation. RT-qPCR validation of 47 genes with known functions exhibited a strong positive correlation with the RNA-seq data. Interestingly, most of the candidate genes involved in AR formation that were identified by transcriptomic sequencing showed auxin-responsive expression patterns in an exogenous Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)-treatment assay: Indicating that endogenous and exogenous auxin plays key roles in regulating AR formation via similar signalling pathways to some extent. In general, AR formation in apple rootstocks is a complex biological process which is mainly influenced by the auxin signaling pathway. In addition, multiple hormones-, wounding- and sugar-signaling pathways interact with the auxin signaling pathway and mediate AR formation in apple rootstocks.
Collapse
|
125
|
Liu M, Chen Y, Chen Y, Shin JH, Mila I, Audran C, Zouine M, Pirrello J, Bouzayen M. The tomato Ethylene Response Factor Sl-ERF.B3 integrates ethylene and auxin signaling via direct regulation of Sl-Aux/IAA27. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:631-640. [PMID: 29701899 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development is coordinated by complex networks of interacting hormones, and cross-talk between ethylene and auxin signaling is essential for a wide range of plant developmental processes. Nevertheless, the molecular links underlying the interaction between the two hormones remain poorly understood. In order to decipher the cross-talk between the Ethylene Response Factor Sl-ERF.B3 and Sl-IAA27, mediating ethylene and auxin signaling, respectively, we combined reverse genetic approaches, physiological methods, transactivation experiments and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Sl-ERF.B3 is responsive to both ethylene and auxin and ectopic expression of its dominant repressor version (ERF.B3-SRDX) results in impaired sensitivity to auxin with phenotypes recalling those previously reported for Sl-IAA27 downregulated tomato lines. The expression of Sl-IAA27 is dramatically reduced in the ERF.B3-SRDX lines and Sl-ERF.B3 is shown to regulate the expression of Sl-IAA27 via direct binding to its promoter. The data support a model in which the ethylene-responsive Sl-ERF.B3 integrates ethylene and auxin signaling via regulation of the expression of the auxin signaling component Sl-IAA27. The study uncovers a molecular mechanism that links ethylene and auxin signaling in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-Hye Shin
- INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 32607, F-31326, France
- UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 52627, F-31326, France
| | - Isabelle Mila
- INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 32607, F-31326, France
- UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 52627, F-31326, France
| | - Corinne Audran
- LIPM, INRA, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 31326, France
| | - Mohamed Zouine
- INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 32607, F-31326, France
- UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 52627, F-31326, France
| | - Julien Pirrello
- INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 32607, F-31326, France
- UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 52627, F-31326, France
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- INP-ENSA Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 32607, F-31326, France
- UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, CS, 52627, F-31326, France
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Zhou S, Hu Z, Li F, Yu X, Naeem M, Zhang Y, Chen G. Manipulation of plant architecture and flowering time by down-regulation of the GRAS transcription factor SlGRAS26 in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:81-93. [PMID: 29650160 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that GRAS transcription factors act as essential regulators, not only in plant growth and development but also in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Recently, 53 GRAS proteins have been identified, but only a few of them have been functionally studied in tomato. Here, we isolated a novel GRAS transcription factor SlGRAS26, its down-regulation generated pleiotropic phenotypes, including reduced plant height with more lateral shoots, internode length, leaf size, even leaflets, accelerated flowering transition and decreased trichome number. Transcription analysis showed that down-regulation of SlGRAS26 altered vegetative growth by suppressing gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes and activating the GA inactivating genes, thereby reducing endogenous GA content in transgenic plants. SlGRAS26 may regulate the initiation of lateral buds by regulating the expression of Blind (BL) and BRC1b. The earlier initiation of flower buds in transgenic lines may be controlled by significant up-regulation of SFT, CO1, SBP3, SBP13, and SBP15 genes, related to flowering time. These results demonstrate that SlGRAS26 may play a vital role in the initiation of lateral and inflorescence meristems in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengen Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fenfen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Ding X, Li J, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Ni L, Wang Y, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the UGlcAE Gene Family in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061583. [PMID: 29861481 PMCID: PMC6032376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The UGlcAE has the capability of interconverting UDP-d-galacturonic acid and UDP-d-glucuronic acid, and UDP-d-galacturonic acid is an activated precursor for the synthesis of pectins in plants. In this study, we identified nine UGlcAE protein-encoding genes in tomato. The nine UGlcAE genes that were distributed on eight chromosomes in tomato, and the corresponding proteins contained one or two trans-membrane domains. The phylogenetic analysis showed that SlUGlcAE genes could be divided into seven groups, designated UGlcAE1 to UGlcAE6, of which the UGlcAE2 were classified into two groups. Expression profile analysis revealed that the SlUGlcAE genes display diverse expression patterns in various tomato tissues. Selective pressure analysis indicated that all of the amino acid sites of SlUGlcAE proteins are undergoing purifying selection. Fifteen stress-, hormone-, and development-related elements were identified in the upstream regions (0.5 kb) of these SlUGlcAE genes. Furthermore, we investigated the expression patterns of SlUGlcAE genes in response to three hormones (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and salicylic acid (SA)). We detected firmness, pectin contents, and expression levels of UGlcAE family genes during the development of tomato fruit. Here, we systematically summarize the general characteristics of the SlUGlcAE genes in tomato, which could provide a basis for further function studies of tomato UGlcAE genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Lei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yaling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions (Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Haider I, Andreo-Jimenez B, Bruno M, Bimbo A, Floková K, Abuauf H, Ntui VO, Guo X, Charnikhova T, Al-Babili S, Bouwmeester HJ, Ruyter-Spira C. The interaction of strigolactones with abscisic acid during the drought response in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2403-2414. [PMID: 29538660 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both strigolactones (SLs) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetically originate from carotenoids. Considering their common origin, the interaction of these two hormones at the biosynthetic and/or regulatory level may be anticipated. Here we show that, in rice, drought simultaneously induces SL production in the root, and ABA production and the expression of SL biosynthetic genes in the shoot. Under control conditions, the ABA concentration was higher in shoots of the SL biosynthetic rice mutants dwarf10 (d10) and d17 than in wild-type plants, while a similar trend was observed for the SL perception mutant d3. These differences were enhanced under drought. However, drought did not result in an increase in leaf ABA content in the rice mutant line d27, carrying a mutation in the gene encoding the first committed enzyme in SL biosynthesis, to the same extent as in the other SL mutants and the wild type. Accordingly, d10, d17, and d3 lines were more drought tolerant than wild-type plants, whereas d27 displayed decreased tolerance. Finally, overexpression of OsD27 in rice resulted in increased levels of ABA when compared with wild-type plants. We conclude that the SL and ABA pathways are connected with each other through D27, which plays a crucial role in determining ABA and SL content in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Haider
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz Andreo-Jimenez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Bruno
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Bimbo
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristýna Floková
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Plant hormone biology group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haneen Abuauf
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentine Otang Ntui
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiujie Guo
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatsiana Charnikhova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Plant hormone biology group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Ruyter-Spira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Wang J, Tian Y, Li J, Yang K, Xing S, Han X, Xu D, Wang Y. Transcriptome sequencing of active buds from Populus deltoides CL. and Populus × zhaiguanheibaiyang reveals phytohormones involved in branching. Genomics 2018; 111:700-709. [PMID: 29660475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Branching in woody plants affects their ecological benefits and impacts wood formation. To obtain genome-wide insights into the transcriptome changes and regulatory mechanisms associated with branching, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to characterize cDNA libraries generated from active buds of Populus deltoides CL. 'zhonglin2025' (BC) and Populus × zhaiguanheibaiyang (NC). NC has more branches than BC and rapid growth. We obtained a total of 198.2 million high-quality clean reads from the NC and BC libraries. We detected 3543 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the NC and BC libraries; 1418 were down-regulated and 2125 were up-regulated. Gene ontology functional classification of the DEGs indicated that they included 89 genes that encoded proteins related to hormone biosynthesis, 364 genes related to hormone signaling transduction, and 104 related to the auxin efflux transmembrane transporter. We validated the expression profiles of 16° by real-time quantitative PCR and found that their expression patterns were similar to those obtained from the high-throughput RNA sequencing data. We also measured the hormone content in young buds of BC and NC by high-pressure liquid chromatography. In this study, we identified global hormone regulatory patterns and differences in gene expression between NC and BC, and constructed a hormone regulatory network to explain branching in Populus buds. In addition, candidate genes that may be useful for molecular breeding of particular plant types were identified. Our results will provide a starting point for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms of branching in Populus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yanting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Keqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Shiyan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaojiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China.
| | - Dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; Silviculture Key Lab of Shandong Province Forestry, College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Youn JH, Kim TW, Joo SH, Son SH, Roh J, Kim S, Kim TW, Kim SK. Function and molecular regulation of DWARF1 as a C-24 reductase in brassinosteroid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1873-1886. [PMID: 29432595 PMCID: PMC6018864 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
DWARF1 (DWF1) is a sterol C-24 reductase that catalyses the conversion of 24-methylenecholesterol (24-MCHR) to campesterol (CR) in Arabidopsis. A loss-of-function mutant, dwf1, showed similar phenotypic abnormalities to brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutants. These abnormalities were reversed in the wild-type phenotype by exogenous application of castasterone (CS) and brassinolide (BL), but not dolichosterone (DS). Accumulation of DS and decreased CS were found in quantitative analysis of endogenous BRs in dwf1. The enzyme solution prepared from dwf1 was unable to convert 6-deoxoDS to 6-deoxoCS and DS to CS, as seen in either wild-type or 35S:DWF1 transgenic plants. This suggests that DWF1 has enzyme activity not only for a sterol C-24 reductase, but also for a BR C-24 reductase that catalyses C-24 reduction of 6-deoxoDS to 6-deoxoCS and of DS to CS in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of DWF1 in a BR-deficient mutant (det2 35S:DWF1) clearly rescued abnormalities found in det2, indicating that DWF1 functions in biosynthesis of active BRs in Arabidopsis. Expression of DWF1 is down-regulated by application of CS and BL and in a BR-dominant mutant, bes1-D. E-boxes in the putative promoter region of DWF1 directly bind to a BR transcription factor, BES1, implying that DWF1 expression is feedback-regulated by BR signaling via BES1. Overall, biosynthesis of 24-methylene BR is an alternative route for generating CS, which is mediated and regulated by DWF1 in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Youn
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hwan Joo
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Son
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Roh
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wuk Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ki Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Wei T, Deng K, Wang H, Zhang L, Wang C, Song W, Zhang Y, Chen C. Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Potential Mechanisms of Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Salvia Miltiorrhiza Plants Expressing AtDREB1A from Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534548 PMCID: PMC5877688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, drought-resistant transgenic plants of Salvia miltiorrhiza were produced via overexpression of the transcription factor AtDREB1A. To unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning elevated drought tolerance in transgenic plants, in the present study we compared the global transcriptional profiles of wild-type (WT) and AtDREB1A-expressing transgenic plants using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Using cluster analysis, we identified 3904 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Compared with WT plants, 423 unigenes were up-regulated in pRD29A::AtDREB1A-31 before drought treatment, while 936 were down-regulated and 1580 and 1313 unigenes were up- and down-regulated after six days of drought. COG analysis revealed that the 'signal transduction mechanisms' category was highly enriched among these DEGs both before and after drought stress. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation, DEGs associated with "ribosome", "plant hormone signal transduction", photosynthesis", "plant-pathogen interaction", "glycolysis/gluconeogenesis" and "carbon fixation" are hypothesized to perform major functions in drought resistance in AtDREB1A-expressing transgenic plants. Furthermore, the number of DEGs associated with different transcription factors increased significantly after drought stress, especially the AP2/ERF, bZIP and MYB protein families. Taken together, this study substantially expands the transcriptomic information for S. miltiorrhiza and provides valuable clues for elucidating the mechanism of AtDREB1A-mediated drought tolerance in transgenic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Ditengou FA, Gomes D, Nziengui H, Kochersperger P, Lasok H, Medeiros V, Paponov IA, Nagy SK, Nádai TV, Mészáros T, Barnabás B, Ditengou BI, Rapp K, Qi L, Li X, Becker C, Li C, Dóczi R, Palme K. Characterization of auxin transporter PIN6 plasma membrane targeting reveals a function for PIN6 in plant bolting. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:1610-1624. [PMID: 29218850 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Auxin gradients are sustained by series of influx and efflux carriers whose subcellular localization is sensitive to both exogenous and endogenous factors. Recently the localization of the Arabidopsis thaliana auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED (PIN) 6 was reported to be tissue-specific and regulated through unknown mechanisms. Here, we used genetic, molecular and pharmacological approaches to characterize the molecular mechanism(s) controlling the subcellular localization of PIN6. PIN6 localizes to endomembrane domains in tissues with low PIN6 expression levels such as roots, but localizes at the plasma membrane (PM) in tissues with increased PIN6 expression such as the inflorescence stem and nectary glands. We provide evidence that this dual localization is controlled by PIN6 phosphorylation and demonstrate that PIN6 is phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) MPK4 and MPK6. The analysis of transgenic plants expressing PIN6 at PM or in endomembrane domains reveals that PIN6 subcellular localization is critical for Arabidopsis inflorescence stem elongation post-flowering (bolting). In line with a role for PIN6 in plant bolting, inflorescence stems elongate faster in pin6 mutant plants than in wild-type plants. We propose that PIN6 subcellular localization is under the control of developmental signals acting on tissue-specific determinants controlling PIN6-expression levels and PIN6 phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Anicet Ditengou
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dulceneia Gomes
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hugues Nziengui
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philip Kochersperger
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Lasok
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Violante Medeiros
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivan A Paponov
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research, Postvegen 213, 4353, Klepp Stasjon, Norway
| | - Szilvia Krisztina Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Virág Nádai
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, H-2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Group for Technical Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Barnabás
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, H-2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Beata Izabela Ditengou
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Rapp
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Linlin Qi
- VIB-UGent, Center for Plant Systems Biology, Gent, Belgium
| | - Xugang Li
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Claude Becker
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chuanyou Li
- VIB-UGent, Center for Plant Systems Biology, Gent, Belgium
| | - Róbert Dóczi
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, H-2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Klaus Palme
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Habsburgerstrasse 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Sciences (FRIAS), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Xu Y, Yu Z, Zhang D, Huang J, Wu C, Yang G, Yan K, Zhang S, Zheng C. CYSTM, a Novel Non-Secreted Cysteine-Rich Peptide Family, Involved in Environmental Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:423-438. [PMID: 29272523 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The cysteine-rich transmembrane module (CYSTM) is comprised of a small molecular protein family that is found in a diversity of tail-anchored membrane proteins across eukaryotes. This protein family belongs to novel uncharacteristic non-secreted cysteine-rich peptides (NCRPs) according to their conserved domain and small molecular weight, and genome-wide analysis of this family has not yet been undertaken in plants. In this study, 13 CYSTM genes were identified and located on five chromosomes with diverse densities in Arabidopsis thaliana. The CYSTM proteins could be classified into four subgroups based on domain similarity and phylogenetic topology. Encouragingly, the CYSTM members were expressed in at least one of the tested tissues and dramatically responded to various abiotic stresses, indicating that they played vital roles in diverse developmental processes, especially in stress responses. CYSTM peptides displayed a complex subcellular localization, and most were detected at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. Of particular interest, CYSTM members could dimerize with themselves or others through the C-terminal domain, and we built a protein-protein interaction map between CYSTM members in Arabidopsis for the first time. In addition, an analysis of CYSTM3 overexpression lines revealed negative regulation for this gene in salt stress responses. We demonstrate that the CYSTM family, as a novel and ubiquitous non-secreted cysteine-rich peptide family, plays a vital role in resistance to abiotic stress. Collectively, our comprehensive analysis of CYSTM members will facilitate future functional studies of the small peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Kang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Kim J, Joo Y, Kyung J, Jeon M, Park JY, Lee HG, Chung DS, Lee E, Lee I. A molecular basis behind heterophylly in an amphibious plant, Ranunculus trichophyllus. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007208. [PMID: 29447166 PMCID: PMC5831646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ranunculus trichophyllus is an amphibious plant that produces thin and cylindrical leaves if grown under water but thick and broad leaves if grown on land. We found that such heterophylly is widely controlled by two plant hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene, which control terrestrial and aquatic leaf development respectively. Aquatic leaves produced higher levels of ethylene but lower levels of ABA than terrestrial leaves. In aquatic leaves, their distinct traits with narrow shape, lack of stomata, and reduced vessel development were caused by EIN3-mediated overactivation of abaxial genes, RtKANADIs, and accompanying with reductions of STOMAGEN and VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VDN7). In contrast, in terrestrial leaves, ABI3-mediated activation of the adaxial genes, RtHD-ZIPIIIs, and STOMAGEN and VDN7 established leaf polarity, and stomata and vessel developments. Heterophylly of R.trichophyllus could be also induced by external cues such as cold and hypoxia, which is accompanied with the changes in the expression of leaf polarity genes similar to aquatic response. A closely-related land plant R. sceleratus did not show such heterophyllic responses, suggesting that the changes in the ABA/ethylene signaling and leaf polarity are one of key evolutionary steps for aquatic adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsung Joo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinseul Kyung
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeongjune Jeon
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Yoon Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Gyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Soo Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunju Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ilha Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Ran X, Liu J, Qi M, Wang Y, Cheng J, Zhang Y. GSHR, a Web-Based Platform Provides Gene Set-Level Analyses of Hormone Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:23. [PMID: 29416546 PMCID: PMC5787578 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones regulate diverse aspects of plant growth and environmental responses. Recent high-throughput technologies have promoted a more comprehensive profiling of genes regulated by different hormones. However, these omics data generally result in large gene lists that make it challenging to interpret the data and extract insights into biological significance. With the rapid accumulation of theses large-scale experiments, especially the transcriptomic data available in public databases, a means of using this information to explore the transcriptional networks is needed. Different platforms have different architectures and designs, and even similar studies using the same platform may obtain data with large variances because of the highly dynamic and flexible effects of plant hormones; this makes it difficult to make comparisons across different studies and platforms. Here, we present a web server providing gene set-level analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana hormone responses. GSHR collected 333 RNA-seq and 1,205 microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus, characterizing transcriptomic changes in Arabidopsis in response to phytohormones including abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and strigolactones. These data were further processed and organized into 1,368 gene sets regulated by different hormones or hormone-related factors. By comparing input gene lists to these gene sets, GSHR helped to identify gene sets from the input gene list regulated by different phytohormones or related factors. Together, GSHR links prior information regarding transcriptomic changes induced by hormones and related factors to newly generated data and facilities cross-study and cross-platform comparisons; this helps facilitate the mining of biologically significant information from large-scale datasets. The GSHR is freely available at http://bioinfo.sibs.ac.cn/GSHR/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ran
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meifang Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfei Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Lafon-Placette C, Le Gac AL, Chauveau D, Segura V, Delaunay A, Lesage-Descauses MC, Hummel I, Cohen D, Jesson B, Le Thiec D, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Brignolas F, Maury S. Changes in the epigenome and transcriptome of the poplar shoot apical meristem in response to water availability affect preferentially hormone pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:537-551. [PMID: 29211860 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive capacity of long-lived organisms such as trees to the predicted climate changes, including severe and successive drought episodes, will depend on the presence of genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity. Here, the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in phenotypic plasticity toward soil water availability was examined in Populus×euramericana. This work aimed at characterizing (i) the transcriptome plasticity, (ii) the genome-wide plasticity of DNA methylation, and (iii) the function of genes affected by a drought-rewatering cycle in the shoot apical meristem. Using microarray chips, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified for each water regime. The rewatering condition was associated with the highest variations of both gene expression and DNA methylation. Changes in methylation were observed particularly in the body of expressed genes and to a lesser extent in transposable elements. Together, DEGs and DMRs were significantly enriched in genes related to phytohormone metabolism or signaling pathways. Altogether, shoot apical meristem responses to changes in water availability involved coordinated variations in DNA methylation, as well as in gene expression, with a specific targeting of genes involved in hormone pathways, a factor that may enable phenotypic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alain Delaunay
- LBLGC EA 1207, INRA, Université d'Orléans, USC 1328, France
| | | | - Irène Hummel
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | - David Cohen
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | | | - Didier Le Thiec
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Maury
- LBLGC EA 1207, INRA, Université d'Orléans, USC 1328, France
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Iglesias MJ, Sellaro R, Zurbriggen MD, Casal JJ. Multiple links between shade avoidance and auxin networks. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:213-228. [PMID: 29036463 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Auxin has emerged as a key player in the adjustment of plant morphology to the challenge imposed by variable environmental conditions. Shade-avoidance responses, including the promotion of stem and petiole growth, leaf hyponasty, and the inhibition of branching, involve an intimate connection between light and auxin signalling. Low activity of photo-sensory receptors caused by the presence of neighbouring vegetation enhances the activity of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs), which directly promote the expression of genes involved in auxin biosynthesis, conjugation, transport, perception, and signalling. In seedlings, neighbour signals increase auxin levels in the foliage, which then moves to the stem, where it reaches epidermal tissues to promote growth. However, this model only partially accounts for shade-avoidance responses (which may also occur in the absence of increased auxin levels), and understanding the whole picture will require further insight into the functional significance of the multiple links between shade and auxin networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María José Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Argentina
| | - Romina Sellaro
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Argentina
| | - Matias D Zurbriggen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorge José Casal
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Argentina
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Zhang W, Wang J, Xu L, Wang A, Huang L, Du H, Qiu L, Oelmüller R. Drought stress responses in maize are diminished by Piriformospora indica. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1414121. [PMID: 29219729 PMCID: PMC5790412 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1414121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As an endophytic fungus of Sebacinales, Piriformospora indica promotes plant growth and resistance to abiotic stress, including drought. Colonization of maize roots promoted the leaf size, root length and number of tap roots. Under drought stress, the maize seedlings profited from the presence of the fungus and performed visibly better than the uncolonized controls. To identify genes and biological processes involved in growth promotion and drought tolerance conferred by P. indica, the root transcriptome of colonized and uncolonized seedlings was analyzed 0, 6 and 12 h after drought stress (20% polyethylene glycol 6000). The number of P. indica-responsive genes increased from 464 (no stress at 0 h) to 1337 (6 h drought) and 2037 (12 h drought). Gene Ontology analyses showed that the carbon and sulfur metabolisms are major targets of the fungus. Furthermore, the growth promoting effect of P. indica is reflected by higher transcript levels for microtubule associated processes. Under drought stress, the fungus improved the oxidative potential of the roots, and stimulated genes for hormone functions, including those which respond to abscisic acid, auxin, salicylic acid and cytokinins. The comparative analyses of our study provides systematic insight into the molecular mechanism how P. indica promotes plant performance under drought stress, and presents a collection of genes which are specifically targeted by the fungus under drought stress in maize roots.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Basidiomycota/drug effects
- Basidiomycota/growth & development
- Basidiomycota/physiology
- Colony Count, Microbial
- Droughts
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Gene Ontology
- Genes, Plant
- Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology
- Plant Roots/drug effects
- Plant Roots/genetics
- Plant Roots/microbiology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Seedlings/drug effects
- Seedlings/growth & development
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Zea mays/anatomy & histology
- Zea mays/drug effects
- Zea mays/microbiology
- Zea mays/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- CONTACT Wenying Zhang Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Le Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Aiai Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Computer Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hewei Du
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/ Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena, Freistaat Thüringen, Germany
- Ralf Oelmüller Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena Am Planetarium 1 D-07743, Freistaat Thüringen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Liu H, Gao Y, Song X, Ma Q, Zhang J, Pei D. A novel rejuvenation approach to induce endohormones and improve rhizogenesis in mature Juglans tree. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:13. [PMID: 29449873 PMCID: PMC5806478 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juglans is a difficult-to-root tree. In the present study, we successfully rejuvenated stock plants by grafting and then burying them horizontally. RESULTS Rooting rates of rejuvenated shoots were 98.1% 20 days after cutting. We recorded spatial and temporal variation in endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin A3 (GA3) and zeatin-riboside (ZR) under root induction. The four types of endohormones were mainly confined to the phloem sieve and companion cells (S&Cs) at the base of either rejuvenated or mature soft shoots. IAA and ABA levels were higher in rejuvenated shoots than in mature shoots, whereas the opposite was true for GA3 and ZR. During rooting induction, GA3 was the first hormone to be observed outside phloem S&Cs, followed by IAA, ABA and ZR. In rejuvenating soft shoots, IAA accumulated in the cross-sectional areas of the cambium and phloem, where root primordia were evident. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in the rooting ability that was evident after rejuvenation most likely results a transformation of the plant to a juvenile form, from elevated IAA levels in phloem S&Cs and from a promotion of all four endohormones outside phloem S&Cs, in particular, from an accumulation of IAA in the cross-sectional areas of the cambium and phloem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384 China
| | - Xiaobo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Qingguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Junpei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Dong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Fujikura U, Jing R, Hanada A, Takebayashi Y, Sakakibara H, Yamaguchi S, Kappel C, Lenhard M. Variation in Splicing Efficiency Underlies Morphological Evolution in Capsella. Dev Cell 2018; 44:192-203.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
141
|
Nadeem F, Ahmad Z, Wang R, Han J, Shen Q, Chang F, Diao X, Zhang F, Li X. Foxtail Millet [ Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] Grown under Low Nitrogen Shows a Smaller Root System, Enhanced Biomass Accumulation, and Nitrate Transporter Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:205. [PMID: 29520286 PMCID: PMC5826958 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (FM) [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] is a grain and forage crop well adapted to nutrient-poor soils. To date little is known how FM adapts to low nitrogen (LN) at the morphological, physiological, and molecular levels. Using the FM variety Yugu1, we found that LN led to lower chlorophyll contents and N concentrations, and higher root/shoot and C/N ratios and N utilization efficiencies under hydroponic culture. Importantly, enhanced biomass accumulation in the root under LN was in contrast to a smaller root system, as indicated by significant decreases in total root length; crown root number and length; and lateral root number, length, and density. Enhanced carbon allocation toward the root was rather for significant increases in average diameter of the LN root, potentially favorable for wider xylem vessels or other anatomical alterations facilitating nutrient transport. Lower levels of IAA and CKs were consistent with a smaller root system and higher levels of GA may promote root thickening under LN. Further, up-regulation of SiNRT1.1, SiNRT2.1, and SiNAR2.1 expression and nitrate influx in the root and that of SiNRT1.11 and SiNRT1.12 expression in the shoot probably favored nitrate uptake and remobilization as a whole. Lastly, more soluble proteins accumulated in the N-deficient root likely as a result of increases of N utilization efficiencies. Such "excessive" protein-N was possibly available for shoot delivery. Thus, FM may preferentially transport carbon toward the root facilitating root thickening/nutrient transport and allocate N toward the shoot maximizing photosynthesis/carbon fixation as a primary adaptive strategy to N limitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Nadeem
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jienan Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feiran Chang
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianmin Diao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexian Li,
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Xu L, Geelen D. Developing Biostimulants From Agro-Food and Industrial By-Products. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1567. [PMID: 30425724 PMCID: PMC6218572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In modern agriculture, seeking eco-friendly ways to promote plant growth and enhance crop productivity is of priority. Biostimulants are a group of substances from natural origin that contribute to boosting plant yield and nutrient uptake, while reducing the dependency on chemical fertilizers. Developing biostimulants from by-products paves the path to waste recycling and reduction, generating benefits for growers, food industry, registration and distribution companies, as well as consumers. The criteria to select designated by-products for valorizing as biostimulant are: absence of pesticide residue, low cost of collection and storage, sufficient supply and synergy with other valorization paths. Over the years, projects on national and international levels such as NOSHAN, SUNNIVA, and Bio2Bio have been initiated (i) to explore valorization of by-products for food and agriculture industries; (ii) to investigate mode of action of biostimulants from organic waste streams. Several classes of waste-derived biostimulants or raw organic material with biostimulant components were shown to be effective in agriculture and horticulture, including vermicompost, composted urban waste, sewage sludge, protein hydrolysate, and chitin/chitosan derivatives. As the global market for biostimulants continues to rise, it is expected that more research and development will expand the list of biostimulants from by-products. Global nutrient imbalance also requires biostimulant to be developed for targeted market. Here, we review examples of biostimulants derived from agricultural by-products and discuss why agricultural biomass is a particularly valuable source for the development of new agrochemical products.
Collapse
|
143
|
Torres CA, Sepúlveda G, Kahlaoui B. Phytohormone Interaction Modulating Fruit Responses to Photooxidative and Heat Stress on Apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2129. [PMID: 29491868 PMCID: PMC5824616 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sun-related physiological disorders such as sun damage on apples (Malus domestica Borkh) are caused by cumulative photooxidative and heat stress during their growing season triggering morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in fruit tissues not only while it is on the tree but also after it has been harvested. The objective of the work was to establish the interaction of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid; IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) and its precursor ACC (free and conjugated, MACC) during development of sun-injury-related disorders pre- and post-harvest on apples. Peel tissue was extracted from fruit growing under different sun exposures (Non-exposed, NE; Exposed, EX) and with sun injury symptoms (Moderate, Mod). Sampling was carried out every 15 days from 75 days after full bloom (DAFB) until 120 days post-harvest in cold storage (1°C, > 90%RH). Concentrations of IAA, ABA, JA, SA, were determined using UHPLC mass spectrometry, and ET and ACC (free and conjugated MACC) using gas chromatography. IAA was found not to be related directly to sun injury development, but it decreased 60% in sun exposed tissue, and during fruit development. ABA, JA, SA, and ethylene concentrations were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in Mod tissue, but their concentration, except for ethylene, were not affected by sun exposure. ACC and MACC concentrations increased until 105 DAFB in all sun exposure categories. During post-harvest, ethylene climacteric peak was delayed on EX compared to Mod. ABA and SA concentrations remained stable throughout storage in both tissue. JA dramatically increased post-harvest in both EX and Mod tissue, and orchards, confirming its role in low temperature tolerance. The results suggest that ABA, JA, and SA together with ethylene are modulating some of the abiotic stress defense responses on sun-exposed fruit during photooxidative and heat stress on the tree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A. Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Pomaceas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gloria Sepúlveda
- Centro de Pomaceas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Besma Kahlaoui
- Centro de Pomaceas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Du H, Shi Y, Li D, Fan W, Wang G, Wang C. Screening and identification of key genes regulating fall dormancy in alfalfa leaves. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188964. [PMID: 29211806 PMCID: PMC5718555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fall dormancy (FD) determines the adaptation of an alfalfa variety and affects alfalfa production and quality. However, the molecular mechanism underlying FD remains poorly understood. Here, 44 genes regulating FD were identified by comparison of the transcriptomes from leaves of Maverick (fall-dormant alfalfa) and CUF101(non-fall-dormant), during FD and non-FD and were classified them depending on their function. The transcription of IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 1, abscisic acid receptor PYL8, and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase-3 in Maverick leaves was regulated by daylength and temperature, and the transcription of the abscisic acid receptor PYL8 was mainly affected by daylength. The changes in the expression of these genes and the abundance of their messenger RNA (mRNA) in Maverick leaves differed from those in CUF101 leaves, as evidenced by the correlation analysis of their mRNA abundance profiles obtained from April to October. The present findings suggested that these genes are involved in regulating FD in alfalfa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Du
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Defeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenna Fan
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chengzhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Zhai N, Jia H, Liu D, Liu S, Ma M, Guo X, Li H. GhMAP3K65, a Cotton Raf-Like MAP3K Gene, Enhances Susceptibility to Pathogen Infection and Heat Stress by Negatively Modulating Growth and Development in Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2462. [PMID: 29160794 PMCID: PMC5713428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks), the top components of MAPK cascades, modulate many biological processes, such as growth, development and various environmental stresses. Nevertheless, the roles of MAP3Ks remain poorly understood in cotton. In this study, GhMAP3K65 was identified in cotton, and its transcription was inducible by pathogen infection, heat stress, and multiple signalling molecules. Silencing of GhMAP3K65 enhanced resistance to pathogen infection and heat stress in cotton. In contrast, overexpression of GhMAP3K65 enhanced susceptibility to pathogen infection and heat stress in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. The expression of defence-associated genes was activated in transgenic N. benthamiana plants after pathogen infection and heat stress, indicating that GhMAP3K65 positively regulates plant defence responses. Nevertheless, transgenic N. benthamiana plants impaired lignin biosynthesis and stomatal immunity in their leaves and repressed vitality of their root systems. In addition, the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes and lignin content were inhibited after pathogen infection and heat stress. Collectively, these results demonstrate that GhMAP3K65 enhances susceptibility to pathogen infection and heat stress by negatively modulating growth and development in transgenic N. benthamiana plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Haihong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Dongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Shuchang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Manli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Alvarado-Serrano DF, Chang SM, Baucom RS. Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on the Mating System of the Common Morning Glory. J Hered 2017; 109:126-137. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esx104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
147
|
Dhakarey R, Raorane ML, Treumann A, Peethambaran PK, Schendel RR, Sahi VP, Hause B, Bunzel M, Henry A, Kohli A, Riemann M. Physiological and Proteomic Analysis of the Rice Mutant cpm2 Suggests a Negative Regulatory Role of Jasmonic Acid in Drought Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1903. [PMID: 29250082 PMCID: PMC5715382 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
It is widely known that numerous adaptive responses of drought-stressed plants are stimulated by chemical messengers known as phytohormones. Jasmonic acid (JA) is one such phytohormone. But there are very few reports revealing its direct implication in drought related responses or its cross-talk with other phytohormones. In this study, we compared the morpho-physiological traits and the root proteome of a wild type (WT) rice plant with its JA biosynthesis mutant coleoptile photomorphogenesis 2 (cpm2), disrupted in the allene oxide cyclase (AOC) gene, for insights into the role of JA under drought. The mutant had higher stomatal conductance, higher water use efficiency and higher shoot ABA levels under severe drought as compared to the WT. Notably, roots of cpm2 were better developed compared to the WT under both, control and drought stress conditions. Root proteome was analyzed using the Tandem Mass Tag strategy to better understand this difference at the molecular level. Expectedly, AOC was unique but notably highly abundant under drought in the WT. Identification of other differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) suggested increased energy metabolism (i.e., increased mobilization of resources) and reactive oxygen species scavenging in cpm2 under drought. Additionally, various proteins involved in secondary metabolism, cell growth and cell wall synthesis were also more abundant in cpm2 roots. Proteome-guided transcript, metabolite, and histological analyses provided further insights into the favorable adaptations and responses, most likely orchestrated by the lack of JA, in the cpm2 roots. Our results in cpm2 are discussed in the light of JA crosstalk to other phytohormones. These results together pave the path for understanding the precise role of JA during drought stress in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Dhakarey
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Manish L. Raorane
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Achim Treumann
- Newcastle University Protein and Proteome Analysis, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rachel R. Schendel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vaidurya P. Sahi
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bettina Hause
- Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Amelia Henry
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Ajay Kohli
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Michael Riemann
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A, Domínguez E, Cingolani R, Bayer IS, Athanassiou A, Benítez JJ. Cutin from agro-waste as a raw material for the production of bioplastics. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5401-5410. [PMID: 28992177 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cutin is the main component of plant cuticles constituting the framework that supports the rest of the cuticle components. This biopolymer is composed of esterified bi- and trifunctional fatty acids. Despite its ubiquity in terrestrial plants, it has been underutilized as raw material due to its insolubility and lack of melting point. However, in recent years, a few technologies have been developed to obtain cutin monomers from several agro-wastes at an industrial scale. This review is focused on the description of cutin properties, biodegradability, chemical composition, processability, abundance, and the state of art of the fabrication of cutin-based materials in order to evaluate whether this biopolymer can be considered a source for the production of renewable materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora. Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora. Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain
| | | | - Ilker S Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | | | - José J Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Eggert K, von Wirén N. Response of the plant hormone network to boron deficiency. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 216:868-881. [PMID: 28833172 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones (PH) adjust plant growth to environmental conditions such as nutrient availability. Although responses of individual PHs to growth-determining nutrient supplies have been reported, little is known about simultaneous dynamics in the metabolism of different PH species. Brassica napus seedlings were grown under increasing supply of B, and LC-MS/MS was used to characterize bioactive forms of different PH species together with several of their precursors, storage and inactivated forms. Increasing shoot B concentrations in response to B supply were accompanied by decreasing concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which appeared to be synthesized under B deficiency mainly via indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN). By contrast, shoot B concentrations correlated closely with cytokinins, and the B-dependent growth response appeared to be triggered primarily by de-novo synthesis of cytokinins and by re-routing less active towards highly active forms of cytokinin. Also gibberellin biosynthesis strongly increased with B supply, in particular gibberellin species from the non-13-hydroxylation pathway. The brassinosteroid castasterone appeared to support shoot growth primarily at suboptimal B nutrition. These results indicate that a variable B nutritional status causes coordinated changes in PH metabolism as prerequisite for an adjusted growth response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Eggert
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstraße 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstraße 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Reyes-Olalde JI, Zúñiga-Mayo VM, Marsch-Martínez N, de Folter S. Synergistic relationship between auxin and cytokinin in the ovary and the participation of the transcription factor SPATULA. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2017; 12:e1376158. [PMID: 28880725 PMCID: PMC5647943 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1376158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormones auxin and cytokinin are key regulators of plant development, and both regulate almost all aspects of plant growth and development. Communication between auxin-cytokinin signaling pathways has been the subject of intense research. However, few studies have focused specifically on the development of the early gynoecium. We have recently discovered that cytokinin signaling plays a role in the regulation of auxin biosynthesis and transport in the ovary region of the gynoecium, and that the transcription factor SPATULA (SPT) is necessary. Here, we provide evidence that indicates that cytokinin and auxin have a synergistic relationship at the medial domain during gynoecium development, and that SPT is important for this interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Irepan Reyes-Olalde
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Víctor M. Zúñiga-Mayo
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Nayelli Marsch-Martínez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, Unidad Irapuato, CINVESTAV-IPN, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Stefan de Folter
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| |
Collapse
|