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Chen S, Pan X, Gao P, Wu F. Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis identifies a novel FKBP5+ endothelial cell subtype involved in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in adipose tissue during aging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 722:150157. [PMID: 38805789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Age-associated adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction is multifactorial and often leads to detrimental health consequences. AT is highly vascularized and endothelial cells (ECs) has been recently identified as a key regulator in the homeostasis of AT. However, the alteration of cell composition in AT during aging and the communication between endothelial cells and adipocytes remain poorly understood. In this study, we take advantage of single nucleus RNA sequencing analysis, and discovered a group of FKBP5+ ECs specifically resident in aged AT. Of interest, FKBP5+ ECs exhibited the potential for endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and exhibited a critical role in regulating adipocytes. Furthermore, lineage tracing experiments demonstrated that ECs in aged AT tend to express FKBP5 and undergo EndoMT with progressive loss of endothelial marker. This study may provide a basis for a new mechanism of microvascular ECs-induced AT dysfunction during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxi Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pingjin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Figuer A, Santos FM, Ciordia S, Valera G, Martín-Jouve B, Hernández-Fonseca JP, Bodega G, Ceprián N, Ramírez R, Carracedo J, Alique M. Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles in response to indoxyl sulfate: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Life Sci 2024; 351:122810. [PMID: 38871114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular pathology is the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CKD is associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, and indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most abundant uremic toxins found in the blood of CKD patients. We conducted an in vitro study to assess the mechanisms underlying the IS-induced endothelial dysfunction that could lead to cardiovascular diseases. We also studied their extracellular vesicles (EVs) owing to their capacity to act as messengers that transmit signals through their cargo. MAIN METHODS EVs were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and tetraspanin expression. Cell lysates and isolated EVs were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to identify the altered pathways. KEY FINDINGS Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells revealed that IS causes an increase in proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and a decrease in proliferation. Extracellular matrix elements, as well as proteins associated with myogenesis, response to UV irradiation, and inflammation, were found to be downregulated in IS-treated EVs. Fatty acid metabolism was also found to be increased along with adipogenesis and inflammation observed in cells. SIGNIFICANCE The treatment of endothelial cells with IS increased the expression of proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and was less associated with proliferation. Furthermore, EVs from cells treated with IS may mediate endothelial dysfunction, since they present fewer extracellular matrix elements, myogenesis, inflammatory factors, and proteins downregulated in response to UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Figuer
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima M Santos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Valera
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Jouve
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Hernández-Fonseca
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Bodega
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Ceprián
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matilde Alique
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Duan Y, Yang Y, Zhao S, Bai Y, Yao W, Gao X, Yin J. Crosstalk in extrahepatic and hepatic system in NAFLD/NASH. Liver Int 2024; 44:1856-1871. [PMID: 38717072 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an extremely progressive form of NAFLD, which, without timely intervention, may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Presently, a definitive comprehension of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH eludes us, and pharmacological interventions targeting NASH specifically remain constrained. The aetiology of NAFLD encompasses a myriad of external factors including environmental influences, dietary habits and gender disparities. More significantly, inter-organ and cellular interactions within the human body play a role in the development or regression of the disease. In this review, we categorize the influences affecting NAFLD both intra- and extrahepatically, elaborating meticulously on the mechanisms governing the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This exploration delves into progress in aetiology and promising therapeutic targets. As a metabolic disorder, the development of NAFLD involves complexities related to nutrient metabolism, liver-gut axis interactions and insulin resistance, among other regulatory functions of extraneous organs. It further encompasses intra-hepatic interactions among hepatic cells, Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH from a macroscopic standpoint is instrumental in the formulation of future therapies for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuesong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Shantaram D, Hoyd R, Blaszczak AM, Antwi L, Jalilvand A, Wright VP, Liu J, Smith AJ, Bradley D, Lafuse W, Liu Y, Williams NF, Snyder O, Wheeler C, Needleman B, Brethauer S, Noria S, Renton D, Perry KA, Nagareddy P, Wozniak D, Mahajan S, Rana PSJB, Pietrzak M, Schlesinger LS, Spakowicz DJ, Hsueh WA. Obesity-associated microbiomes instigate visceral adipose tissue inflammation by recruitment of distinct neutrophils. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5434. [PMID: 38937454 PMCID: PMC11211470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48935-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are increasingly implicated in chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders. Here, we show that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from individuals with obesity contains more neutrophils than in those without obesity and is associated with a distinct bacterial community. Exploring the mechanism, we gavaged microbiome-depleted mice with stool from patients with and without obesity during high-fat or normal diet administration. Only mice receiving high-fat diet and stool from subjects with obesity show enrichment of VAT neutrophils, suggesting donor microbiome and recipient diet determine VAT neutrophilia. A rise in pro-inflammatory CD4+ Th1 cells and a drop in immunoregulatory T cells in VAT only follows if there is a transient spike in neutrophils. Human VAT neutrophils exhibit a distinct gene expression pattern that is found in different human tissues, including tumors. VAT neutrophils and bacteria may be a novel therapeutic target for treating inflammatory-driven complications of obesity, including insulin resistance and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharti Shantaram
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alecia M Blaszczak
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Linda Antwi
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Anahita Jalilvand
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Valerie P Wright
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Joey Liu
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alan J Smith
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David Bradley
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - William Lafuse
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - YunZhou Liu
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nyelia F Williams
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Owen Snyder
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Caroline Wheeler
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bradley Needleman
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Stacy Brethauer
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sabrena Noria
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David Renton
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kyle A Perry
- Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Prabha Nagareddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Section University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Daniel Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sahil Mahajan
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pranav S J B Rana
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Daniel J Spakowicz
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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5
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Day KS, Rempel L, Rossi FMV, Theret M. Origins and functions of eosinophils in two non-mucosal tissues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368142. [PMID: 38585275 PMCID: PMC10995313 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are a type of granulocyte named after the presence of their eosin-stained granules. Traditionally, eosinophils have been best known to play prominent roles in anti-parasitic responses and mediating allergic reactions. Knowledge of their behaviour has expanded with time, and they are now recognized to play integral parts in the homeostasis of gastrointestinal, respiratory, skeletal muscle, adipose, and connective tissue systems. As such, they are implicated in a myriad of pathologies, and have been the target of several medical therapies. This review focuses on the lifespan of eosinophils, from their origins in the bone marrow, to their tissue-resident role. In particular, we wish to highlight the functions of eosinophils in non-mucosal tissues with skeletal muscle and the adipose tissues as examples, and to discuss the current understanding of their participation in diseased states in these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie S. Day
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas Rempel
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabio M. V. Rossi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marine Theret
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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6
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Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Olivares-Arancibia J, Cortés-Roco G, Vasquez-Bonilla A, Monsalves-Álvarez M, Alvear-Órdenes I, Tuesta M. Association between Fractional Oxygen Extraction from Resting Quadriceps Muscle and Body Composition in Healthy Men. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:149. [PMID: 37987485 PMCID: PMC10660468 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to associate body composition with fractional oxygen extraction at rest in healthy adult men. Fourteen healthy adults (26.93 ± 2.49 years) from Chile participated. Body composition was assessed with octopole bioimpedance, and resting muscle oxygenation was evaluated in the vastus lateralis quadriceps with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a vascular occlusion test, analyzing the muscleVO2, resaturation velocity during reactive hyperemia via the muscle saturation index (%TSI), and the area above the curve of HHb (AACrep). It was observed that the total and segmented fat mass are associated with lower reoxygenation velocities during hyperemia (p = 0.008; β = 0.678: p = 0.002; β = 0.751), and that the total and segmented skeletal muscle mass are associated with higher reoxygenation velocities during hyperemia (p = 0.020; β = -0.614: p = 0.027; β = -0.587). It was also observed that the total and segmented fat mass were associated with a higher area above the curve of HHb (AACrep) during hyperemia (p = 0.007; β = 0.692: p = 0.037; β = 0.564), and that total and segmented skeletal muscle mass was associated with a lower area above the curve of HHb (AACrep) during hyperemia (p = 0.007; β = -0.703: p = 0.017; β = -0.632). We concluded that fat mass is associated with lower resaturation rates and lower resting fractional O2 extraction levels. In contrast, skeletal muscle mass is associated with higher resaturation rates and fractional O2 extraction during reactive hyperemia. The AACrep may be relevant in the evaluation of vascular adaptations to exercise and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Jorge Olivares-Arancibia
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Ildefonso Alvear-Órdenes
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24001 León, Spain;
| | - Marcelo Tuesta
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
- Laboratory of Sport Sciences, Centro de Medicina Deportiva Sports MD, Viña del Mar 2521156, Chile
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7
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Esparham A, Roohi S, Ahmadyar S, Dalili A, Nelson PR, Khorgami Z. Impact of bariatric surgery on carotid intima-media thickness, flow-mediated dilation, and nitrite-mediated dilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2023; 19:1188-1199. [PMID: 37429755 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is considered one of the independent risk factors for atherosclerosis and is strongly correlated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Previous studies showed carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and nitrite-mediated dilatation (NMD) are reliable non-invasive markers of arterial damage and dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on CIMT, FMD, and NMD markers in patients with obesity. A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until May 2022. All the English-published studies on the effect of bariatric surgery on CIMT, FMD, and NMD were included. A quantitative meta-analysis was performed, as well as subgroup analyses for the type of procedure and duration of follow-up. Meta-analysis of 41 studies with 1639 patients showed CIMT was significantly reduced by .11 mm after bariatric surgery (95% CI, -.14 to -.08; P < .001; mean follow-up = 10.8 mo). The pooled analysis of 23 studies with 1106 patients showed an increase of FMD by 4.57% after bariatric surgery (95% CI, 2.69-6.44; P < .001; mean follow-up = 11.5 mo). The results of a pooled analysis of 12 studies with 346 patients showed a significant increase of NMD by 2.46% after bariatric surgery (95% CI, .99-3.94; P < .001; mean follow-up = 11.4 mo). The random effect meta-regression demonstrated that baseline CIMT and FMD significantly affect the changes in CIMT and FMD. This meta-analysis showed bariatric surgery can improve CIMT, FMD, and NMD markers in patients with obesity. These improvements show the known effect of metabolic surgery in decreasing cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, College of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samira Roohi
- Student Research Committee, College of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soheil Ahmadyar
- Student Research Committee, College of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Dalili
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Surgical Oncology Research Center, Imam, Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter R Nelson
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Zhamak Khorgami
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma; Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
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8
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Yu T, Tang W, Hung W, Lee T, Tsai I, Hsuan C, Chen C, Chung F, Lee Y, Wu C. Elevated plasma leptin levels are associated with vascular access dysfunction in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24974. [PMID: 37840358 PMCID: PMC10681410 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has been associated with vascular access (VA) dysfunction. The adipocytokine leptin can directly induce pro-inflammatory T helper 1 immune responses and the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. We explored the association between plasma leptin and VA dysfunction in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HEMO). METHODS A total of 344 consecutive patients who received anastomosis for VA at a single HEMO center between June 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021 were screened. Of these patients, 267 met the inclusion criteria and were included. ELISA was used to measure circulating levels of leptin. RESULTS The VA dysfunction group had a higher leptin level than the patent VA group. A higher concentration of leptin was independently and significantly associated with an elevated risk of VA dysfunction. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that leptin, female sex, and hypertension were independently associated with VA dysfunction, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. We then evaluated the ability of leptin, female sex, and hypertension to predict the risk of VA dysfunction, and the area under the curve (AUC) for leptin was 0.626 (p = 0.0001). When leptin, female sex, and hypertension were added to this multivariate model, the AUC increased to 0.679 (p = 0.001) for leptin and hypertension, and 0.690 for leptin, hypertension, and female sex (p = 0.004). In addition, plasma leptin levels were associated with sex, body mass index, and hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the association between leptin and VA dysfunction, hypertension and female sex independently predicted VA dysfunction in patients with HEMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng‐Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Hua Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineTaipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuli BranchHualienTaiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Thung‐Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - I‐Ting Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of EmergencyE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Feng Hsuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Dachang Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Chi Chen
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of PathologyE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Physical TherapyI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Fu‐Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | | | - Cheng‐Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineE‐Da Cancer Hospital, I‐Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
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Sacharidou A, Chambliss K, Peng J, Barrera J, Tanigaki K, Luby-Phelps K, Özdemir İ, Khan S, Sirsi SR, Kim SH, Katzenellenbogen BS, Katzenellenbogen JA, Kanchwala M, Sathe AA, Lemoff A, Xing C, Hoyt K, Mineo C, Shaul PW. Endothelial ERα promotes glucose tolerance by enhancing endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4989. [PMID: 37591837 PMCID: PMC10435471 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40562-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) designated ERα has actions in many cell and tissue types that impact glucose homeostasis. It is unknown if these include mechanisms in endothelial cells, which have the potential to influence relative obesity, and processes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle that impact glucose control. Here we show that independent of impact on events in adipose tissue, endothelial ERα promotes glucose tolerance by enhancing endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle. Endothelial ERα-deficient male mice are glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, and in females the antidiabetogenic actions of estradiol (E2) are absent. The glucose dysregulation is due to impaired skeletal muscle glucose disposal that results from attenuated muscle insulin delivery. Endothelial ERα activation stimulates insulin transcytosis by skeletal muscle microvascular endothelial cells. Mechanistically this involves nuclear ERα-dependent upregulation of vesicular trafficking regulator sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) expression, and PI3 kinase activation that drives plasma membrane recruitment of SNX5. Thus, coupled nuclear and non-nuclear actions of ERα promote endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle to foster normal glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Sacharidou
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ken Chambliss
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jun Peng
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jose Barrera
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Keiji Tanigaki
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Katherine Luby-Phelps
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - İpek Özdemir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Sohaib Khan
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute, Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Shashank R Sirsi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Mohammed Kanchwala
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Adwait A Sathe
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Andrew Lemoff
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kenneth Hoyt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Chieko Mineo
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Philip W Shaul
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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10
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Ahmed A, Bibi A, Valoti M, Fusi F. Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vascular Smooth Muscle Tone: Friends or Foes? Cells 2023; 12:cells12081196. [PMID: 37190105 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a specialized type of adipose tissue that surrounds most mammalian blood vessels. PVAT is a metabolically active, endocrine organ capable of regulating blood vessel tone, endothelium function, vascular smooth muscle cell growth and proliferation, and contributing critically to cardiovascular disease onset and progression. In the context of vascular tone regulation, under physiological conditions, PVAT exerts a potent anticontractile effect by releasing a plethora of vasoactive substances, including NO, H2S, H2O2, prostacyclin, palmitic acid methyl ester, angiotensin 1-7, adiponectin, leptin, and omentin. However, under certain pathophysiological conditions, PVAT exerts pro-contractile effects by decreasing the production of anticontractile and increasing that of pro-contractile factors, including superoxide anion, angiotensin II, catecholamines, prostaglandins, chemerin, resistin, and visfatin. The present review discusses the regulatory effect of PVAT on vascular tone and the factors involved. In this scenario, dissecting the precise role of PVAT is a prerequisite to the development of PVAT-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aasia Bibi
- Nanotechnology Institute, CNR-NANOTEC, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Massimo Valoti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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11
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Selby AR, Khan NS, Dadashian T, Hall 2nd RG. Evaluation of Dose Requirements Using Weight-Based versus Non-Weight-Based Dosing of Norepinephrine to Achieve a Goal Mean Arterial Pressure in Patients with Septic Shock. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041344. [PMID: 36835880 PMCID: PMC9964536 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
No consensus exists regarding optimal dosing of norepinephrine in septic shock. We aimed to evaluate if weight-based dosing (WBD) lead to higher norepinephrine doses when achieving goal mean arterial pressure (MAP) than non-weight-based dosing (non-WBD). This was a retrospective cohort study conducted after standardization of norepinephrine dosing within a cardiopulmonary ICU. Patients received non-WBD prior to standardization (November 2018-October 2019) and WBD afterwards (November 2019-October 2020). The primary outcome was the norepinephrine dose needed to attain goal MAP. Secondary outcomes included time to goal MAP, duration of norepinephrine therapy, duration of mechanical ventilation, and treatment-related adverse effects. A total of 189 patients were included (WBD 97; non-WBD 92). There was a significantly lower norepinephrine dose at goal MAP (WBD 0.05, IQR 0.02, 0.07; non-WBD 0.07, IQR 0.05, 0.14; p < 0.005) and initial norepinephrine dose (WBD 0.02, IQR 0.01, 0.05; non-WBD 0.06, 0.04, 0.12; p < 0.005) in the WBD group. No difference was observed in achievement of goal MAP (WBD 73%; non-WBD 78%; p = 0.09) or time until goal MAP (WBD 18, IQR 0, 60; non-WBD 30, IQR 14, 60; p = 0.84). WBD may lead to lower norepinephrine doses. Both strategies achieved goal MAP with no significant difference in time to goal.
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12
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Whole-body adipose tissue multi-omic analyses in sheep reveal molecular mechanisms underlying local adaptation to extreme environments. Commun Biol 2023; 6:159. [PMID: 36755107 PMCID: PMC9908986 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The fat tail of sheep is an important organ that has evolved to adapt to extreme environments. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the fat tail phenotype remain poorly understood. Here, we characterize transcriptome and lipidome profiles and morphological changes in 250 adipose tissues from two thin-tailed and three fat-tailed sheep populations in summer and winter. We implement whole-genome selective sweep tests to identify genetic variants related to fat-tails. We identify a set of functional genes that show differential expression in the tail fat of fat-tailed and thin-tailed sheep in summer and winter. These genes are significantly enriched in pathways, such as lipid metabolism, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, molecular transport, and inflammatory response. In contrast to thin-tailed sheep, tail fat from fat-tailed sheep show slighter changes in adipocyte size, ECM remodeling, and lipid metabolism, and had less inflammation in response to seasonal changes, indicating improved homeostasis. Whole-genome selective sweep tests identify genes involved in preadipocyte commitment (e.g., BMP2, PDGFD) and terminal adipogenic differentiation (e.g., VEGFA), which could contribute to enhanced adipocyte hyperplasia. Altogether, we establish a model of regulatory networks regulating adipose homeostasis in sheep tails. These findings improve our understanding of how adipose homeostasis is maintained, in response to extreme environments in animals.
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13
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Xie L, Zheng L, Chen W, Zhai X, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yu W, Lai Z, Zhu Z, Li P. Trends in perivascular macrophages research from 1997 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:816-830. [PMID: 36514189 PMCID: PMC9928555 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perivascular macrophages (PVMs) play pivotal roles in maintaining the physiological function of the brain. Dysfunction of PVMs is emerging as an important mechanism in various disease conditions in the brain. METHODS In this work, we analyzed recent research advances in PVMs, especially in the brain, from the Web of Science (WoS) core database using bibliometric analysis based on the search terms "perivascular macrophages" and "perivascular macrophage" on October 27, 2021. Visualization and collaboration analysis were performed by Citespace (5.8 R3 mac). RESULTS We found 2384 articles published between 1997 and 2021 in the field of PVMs, which were selected for analysis. PVMs were involved in several physio-pathological fields, in which Neurosciences and Neurology, Neuroscience, Immunology, Pathology, and Cardiovascular System and Cardiology were most reported. The research focuses on PVMs mainly in the central nervous system (CNS), inflammation, macrophage or T-cell, and disease, and highlights the related basic research regarding its activation, oxidative stress, angiotensin II, and insulin resistance. Tumor-associated macrophage, obesity, myeloid cell, and inflammation were relatively recent highlight keywords that attracted increasing attention in recent years. Harvard Univ, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, occupied important positions in the research field of PVMs. Meanwhile, PVM research in China (Peking Univ, Sun Yat Sen Univ, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, and Shandong Univ) is on the rise. Cluster co-citation analysis revealed that the mechanisms of CNS PVMs and related brain diseases are major specialties associated with PVMs, while PVMs in perivascular adipose tissue and vascular diseases or obesity are another big category of PVMs hotspots. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the research on PVMs continues to deepen, and the hotspots are constantly changing. Future studies of PVMs could have multiple disciplines intersecting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Xie
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaozhu Zhai
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yunlu Guo
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhongmeng Lai
- Department of AnesthesiologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyClinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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14
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Lin L, Tan W, Pan X, Tian E, Wu Z, Yang J. Metabolic Syndrome-Related Kidney Injury: A Review and Update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:904001. [PMID: 35813613 PMCID: PMC9261267 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.904001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes visceral obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The prevalence of MetS is 20-25%, which is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). MetS causes effects on renal pathophysiology, including glomerular hyperfiltration, RAAS, microalbuminuria, profibrotic factors and podocyte injury. This review compares several criteria of MetS and analyzes their differences. MetS and the pathogenesis of CKD includes insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. The intervention of MetS-related renal damage is the focus of this article and includes controlling body weight, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, requiring all components to meet the criteria. In addition, interventions such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, body metabolism, appetite inhibition, podocyte apoptosis, and mesenchymal stem cells are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Xianfeng Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Kaizhou District People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - En Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
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15
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Huber AT, Fankhauser S, Chollet L, Wittmer S, Lam A, Baldinger S, Madaffari A, Seiler J, Servatius H, Haeberlin A, Noti F, Brugger N, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Gräni C, Roten L, Tanner H, Reichlin T. The Relationship between Enhancing Left Atrial Adipose Tissue at CT and Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation. Radiology 2022; 305:56-65. [PMID: 35670718 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.212644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The association of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and its metabolic activity with atrial fibrillation (AF) is an area of active investigation. Left atrial (LA) enhancing EAT (e-EAT) at cardiac CT may be a noninvasive surrogate marker for the metabolic activity of EAT. Purpose To determine the relationship between LA e-EAT and recurrence after AF ablation. Materials and Methods In a secondary analysis of a prospective registry of consecutive patients (from July 2018 to December 2019) undergoing first AF ablation, total and LA EAT were segmented on preprocedural noncontrast- and contrast-enhanced cardiac CT scans. LA e-EAT volume fraction was defined as the LA EAT volume difference between the noncontrast- and contrast-enhanced scan divided by the total LA EAT volume on the noncontrast-enhanced scan (threshold values, -15 HU to -195 HU). Continuous variables were compared between groups by using the Mann-Whitney U test. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios of predictors of 1-year AF recurrence. Results A total of 212 patients (mean age, 64 years; 159 men) who underwent a first AF ablation were included (paroxysmal AF, 64%; persistent AF, 36%). The LA EAT volume was higher in patients with persistent versus paroxysmal AF (50 cm3 [IQR, 37-72] vs 37 [IQR, 27-49]; P < .001), but no difference was found for LA e-EAT (P = .09). After 1 year of follow-up, AF recurrence rate was 77 of 212 (36%). LA e-EAT above the mean (>33%) was associated with a higher risk of AF recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3, 3.3; P < .01). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, LA e-EAT retained its predictive value when corrected for sex, age, AF phenotype, LA volume index, and LA EAT volume (HR, 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.1; P = .02). Conclusion Left atrial enhancing epicardial adipose tissue was independently associated with recurrence after atrial fibrillation ablation. © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Stojanovska in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Thomas Huber
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Severin Fankhauser
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurève Chollet
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Severin Wittmer
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lam
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Baldinger
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Madaffari
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens Seiler
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helge Servatius
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Haeberlin
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Noti
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Brugger
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gräni
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Roten
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hildegard Tanner
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Reichlin
- From the Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (A.T.H., S.F., H.v.T.K.) and Department of Cardiology (S.F., L.C., S.W., A.L., S.B., A.M., J.S., H.S., A.H., F.N., N.B., C.G., L.R., H.T., T.R.), Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Xue W, Yu SY, Kuss MA, Kong Y, Shi W, Chung S, Kim SY, Duan B. 3D bioprinted white adipose model for in vitro study of cancer-associated cachexia induced adipose tissue remodeling. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35504266 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6c4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a complex metabolic and behavioral syndrome with multiple manifestations that involve systemic inflammation, weight loss, and adipose lipolysis. It impacts the quality of life of patients and is the direct cause of death in 20-30% of cancer patients. The severity of fat loss and adipose tissue remodeling negatively correlate with patients' survival outcomes. To address the mechanism of fat loss and design potential approaches to prevent the process, it will be essential to understand CAC pathophysiology through white adipose tissue models. In the present study, an engineered human white adipose tissue (eWAT) model based on three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting was developed and treated with pancreatic cancer cell-conditioned medium (CM) to mimic the status of CAC in vitro. We found that the CM treatment significantly increased the lipolysis and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The 3D eWATs were further vascularized to study the influence of vascularization on lipolysis and CAC progression, which was largely unknown. Results demonstrated that CM treatment improved the angiogenesis of vascularized eWATs (veWATs), and veWATs demonstrated decreased glycerol release but increased Ucp1 expression, compared to eWATs. Many unique inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, CXCL-1, GM-CSF, etc) from the CM were detected and supposed to contribute to eWAT lipolysis, Ucp1 up-regulation, and ECM development. In response to CM treatment, eWATs also secreted inflammatory adipokines related to the metastatic ability of cancer, muscle atrophy, and vascularization (NGAL, CD54, IGFBP-2, etc). Our work demonstrated that the eWAT is a robust model for studying cachectic fat loss and the accompanying remodeling of adipose tissue. It is therefore a useful tool for future research exploring CAC physiologies and developing potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xue
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII, Omaha, 68198-7400, UNITED STATES
| | - Seok-Yeong Yu
- Regenerative Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII R6035, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-7400, UNITED STATES
| | - Mitchell A Kuss
- Regenerative Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII, Omaha, Nebraska, 68106, UNITED STATES
| | - Yunfan Kong
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII, Omaha, 68198-7400, UNITED STATES
| | - Wen Shi
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII, Omaha, Nebraska, 68106, UNITED STATES
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, UMA, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, UNITED STATES
| | - So-Youn Kim
- Regenerative Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII R6035, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-7400, UNITED STATES
| | - Bin Duan
- Regenerative Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, DRCII R6035, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198-7400, UNITED STATES
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17
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Shridas P, Ji A, Trumbauer AC, Noffsinger VP, Leung SW, Dugan AJ, Thatcher SE, Cassis LA, de Beer FC, Webb NR, Tannock LR. Adipocyte-Derived Serum Amyloid A Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Obese C57BL/6J Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:632-643. [PMID: 35344382 PMCID: PMC9050948 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases the risk for human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and enhances Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced AAA formation in C57BL/6J mice. Obesity is also associated with increases in perivascular fat that expresses proinflammatory markers including SAA (serum amyloid A). We previously reported that deficiency of SAA significantly reduces Ang II-induced inflammation and AAA in hyperlipidemic apoE-deficient mice. In this study. we investigated whether adipose tissue-derived SAA plays a role in Ang II-induced AAA in obese C57BL/6J mice. METHODS The development of AAA was compared between male C57BL/6J mice (wild type), C57BL/6J mice lacking SAA1.1, SAA2.1, and SAA3 (TKO); and TKO mice harboring a doxycycline-inducible, adipocyte-specific SAA1.1 transgene (TKO-Tgfat; SAA expressed only in fat). All mice were fed an obesogenic diet and doxycycline to induce SAA transgene expression and infused with Ang II to induce AAA. RESULTS In response to Ang II infusion, SAA expression was significantly increased in perivascular fat of obese C57BL/6J mice. Maximal luminal diameters of the abdominal aorta were determined by ultrasound before and after Ang II infusion, which indicated a significant increase in aortic luminal diameters in wild type and TKO-TGfat mice but not in TKO mice. Adipocyte-specific SAA expression was associated with MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity and macrophage infiltration in abdominal aortas of Ang II-infused obese mice. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that SAA deficiency protects obese C57BL/6J mice from Ang II-induced AAA. SAA expression only in adipocytes is sufficient to cause AAA in obese mice infused with Ang II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Shridas
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Ailing Ji
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Andrea C Trumbauer
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Victoria P Noffsinger
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Steve W Leung
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Adam J Dugan
- Biostatistics (A.J.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Sean E Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (S.E.T.)
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY (L.R.T.)
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18
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Xie Y, Liu L. Role of Chemerin/ChemR23 axis as an emerging therapeutic perspective on obesity-related vascular dysfunction. J Transl Med 2022; 20:141. [PMID: 35317838 PMCID: PMC8939091 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sufficient epidemiological investigations demonstrate that there is a close correlation between obesity and vascular dysfunction. Nevertheless, specific mechanisms underlying this link remain currently unclear. Given the crucial and decisive role of vascular dysfunction in multitudinous diseases, various hypotheses had been proposed and numerous experiments were being carried out. One recognized view is that increased adipokine secretion following the expanded mass of white adipose tissue due to obesity contributes to the regulation of vascular function. Chemerin, as a neo-adipokine, whose systemic level is elevated in obesity, is believed as a regulator of adipogenesis, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction via binding its cell surface receptor, chemR23. Hence, this review aims to focus on the up-to-date proof on chemerin/chemR23 axis-relevant signaling pathways, emphasize the multifarious impacts of chemerin/chemR23 axis on vascular function regulation, raise certain unsettled questions to inspire further investigations, and explore the therapeutic possibilities targeting chemerin/chemR23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China. .,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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19
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Louis F, Sowa Y, Kitano S, Matsusaki M. High-throughput drug screening models of mature adipose tissues which replicate the physiology of patients' Body Mass Index (BMI). Bioact Mater 2022; 7:227-241. [PMID: 34466729 PMCID: PMC8379425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex and incompletely understood disease, but current drug screening strategies mostly rely on immature in vitro adipose models which cannot recapitulate it properly. To address this issue, we developed a statistically validated high-throughput screening model by seeding human mature adipocytes from patients, encapsulated in physiological collagen microfibers. These drop tissues ensured the maintenance of adipocyte viability and functionality for controlling glucose and fatty acids uptake, as well as glycerol release. As such, patients' BMI and insulin sensitivity displayed a strong inverse correlation: the healthy adipocytes were associated with the highest insulin-induced glucose uptake, while insulin resistance was confirmed in the underweight and severely obese adipocytes. Insulin sensitivity recovery was possible with two type 2 diabetes treatments, rosiglitazone and melatonin. Finally, the addition of blood vasculature to the model seemed to more accurately recapitulate the in vivo physiology, with particular respect to leptin secretion metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Louis
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kamigyo-ku Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Corresponding author. Kyoto, 602-8566, Kamigyo-ku Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Japan.
| | - Shiro Kitano
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD., Technical Research Institute, 4-2-3 Takanodaiminami, Sugito-machi, Saitama, 345-8508, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Corresponding author. Osaka, 565-0871, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan.
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20
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Nakamura T, Miyamoto K, Kugo H, Sutoh K, Kiriyama K, Moriyama T, Zaima N. Ovariectomy Causes Degeneration of Perivascular Adipose Tissue. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1651-1659. [PMID: 34645749 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more resistant than men to the development of vascular diseases. However, menopause is a factor leading to deterioration of female vascular integrity, and it is reported that the risk of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm is increased in postmenopausal women. Although it is suggested that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is deeply involved in the increased risk of vascular disease development, the effect of menopause on PVAT integrity is unknown. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of menopause on PVAT in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. PVAT was divided into 4 regions based on characteristics. Hypertrophy and increased inflammation of adipocytes in the PVAT were observed in the OVX group, but the effects of OVX were different for each region. OVX induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 which degrade extracellular matrix such as elastin and collagen fibers in PVAT. Degeneration of the arterial fibers of the thoracic and abdominal aorta were observed in the OVX group. These results indicate that OVX can cause dysfunction of PVAT which can cause degradation of arterial fibers. Appropriate management of PVAT may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases originating from ovarian hypofunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Nakamura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kindai University
| | - Kento Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kindai University
| | - Hirona Kugo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kindai University
| | | | | | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
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21
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Zang WJ, Wang ZN, Hu YL, Huang H, Ma P. Expression of fatty acid-binding protein-4 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and its significance for prognosis. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24017. [PMID: 34558731 PMCID: PMC8605140 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acid‐binding proteins (FABPs) have been found to be involved in tumorigenesis and development. However, the role of FABP4, a member of the FABPs, in GISTs (Gastrointestinal stromal tumors) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of FABP4 and its prognostic value in GISTs. Methods FABP4 expression in 125 patients with GISTs was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays. The relationship between FABP4 expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis of GISTs was analyzed. Results Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that expression of FABP4 correlated with tumor size and mitotic index. Furthermore, FABP4 level, tumor size, mitotic index, and high AFIP‐Miettinen risk were independent prognostic factors in GISTs. The Kaplan‐Meier survival curve showed that the 5‐year survival rate of patients with high‐FABP4 expression GISTs was lower. Conclusions These results suggested that high‐FABP4 expression might be a marker of malignant phenotype of GISTs and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Zang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Clinical Biobank, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nan Tong, China
| | - Zi-Niu Wang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nan Tong, China
| | - Yi-Lin Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Peng Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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22
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Balakumar P, Alqahtani A, Khan NA, Alqahtani T, A T, Jagadeesh G. The physiologic and physiopathologic roles of perivascular adipose tissue and its interactions with blood vessels and the renin-angiotensin system. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105890. [PMID: 34536547 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) refers to an ectopic local deposit of connective tissue that anatomically surrounds most of the blood vessels. While it was initially known only as a structural support for vasculature, the landmark findings of Soltis and Cassis (1991), first demonstrating that PVAT reduces the contractions of norepinephrine in the isolated rat aorta, brought the potential vascular role of PVAT into the limelight. This seminal work implied the potential ability of PVAT to influence vascular responsiveness. Several vasoactive/vasocrine substances influencing vascular homeostasis were successively shown to be released from PVAT that include both adipocyte-derived relaxing and contracting factors. The PVAT is currently recognized as a metabolically active endocrine organ and is eventually considered as the 'protagonist' in vascular homeostasis. It plays prominent defending and opposing roles in vascular function, while the actual vascular influences of PVAT vary with an increase in adiposity. Recent studies have presented compelling evidence implicating the pivotal role of PVAT in the local activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which substantially impacts vascular physiology and physiopathology. Current findings have advanced our understanding of the role of PVAT in favorably or adversely modulating the vascular function through differential RAS activation. Given that adipocytes also produce major RAS components locally to influence vascular function, this review provides a scientific basis to distinctly understand the key role of PVAT in regulating the autocrine and paracrine functions of vascular RAS components and its potential as an emerging therapeutic target for mitigating cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchai Balakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pannai College of Pharmacy, Dindigul 624005, India.
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noohu Abdulla Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thangathirupathi A
- Department of Pharmacology, Pannai College of Pharmacy, Dindigul 624005, India
| | - Gowraganahalli Jagadeesh
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Office of Cardiology, Hematology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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23
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Malhab LJB, Saber-Ayad MM, Al-Hakm R, Nair VA, Paliogiannis P, Pintus G, Abdel-Rahman WM. Chronic Inflammation and Cancer: The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Inflammation. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2156-2169. [PMID: 33655853 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210303143442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long-lasting subclinical inflammation is associated with a wide range of human diseases, particularly at a middle and older age. Recent reports showed that there is a direct causal link between inflammation and cancer development, as several cancers were found to be associated with chronic inflammatory conditions. In patients with cancer, healthy endothelial cells regulate vascular homeostasis, and it is believed that they can limit tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. Conversely, dysfunctional endothelial cells that have been exposed to the inflammatory tumor microenvironment can support cancer progression and metastasis. Dysfunctional endothelial cells can exert these effects via diverse mechanisms, including dysregulated adhesion, permeability, and activation of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling. In this review, we highlight the role of vascular inflammation in predisposition to cancer within the context of two common disease risk factors: obesity and smoking. In addition, we discuss the molecular triggers, pathophysiological mechanisms, and the biological consequences of vascular inflammation during cancer development and metastasis. Finally, we summarize the current therapies and pharmacological agents that target vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J Bou Malhab
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha M Saber-Ayad
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranyah Al-Hakm
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vidhya A Nair
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Experimental Surgery, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43,07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M Abdel-Rahman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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24
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Therapeutic efficacy of 6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol in promoting browning of white adipocytes vis-à-vis enhanced thermogenesis portrayed in high fat milieu. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with comorbidities such as hypertension and insulin resistance, which collectively contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases and resultant morbidity and mortality. Forty-two percent of adults in the United States are obese, and a total of 1.9 billion adults worldwide are overweight or obese. These alarming numbers, which continue to climb, represent a major health and economic burden. Adipose tissue is a highly dynamic organ that can be classified based on the cellular composition of different depots and their distinct anatomical localization. Massive expansion and remodeling of adipose tissue during obesity differentially affects specific adipose tissue depots and significantly contributes to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Visceral adipose tissue accumulation results in increased immune cell infiltration and secretion of vasoconstrictor mediators, whereas expansion of subcutaneous adipose tissue is less harmful. Therefore, fat distribution more than overall body weight is a key determinant of the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Thermogenic brown and beige adipose tissue, in contrast to white adipose tissue, is associated with beneficial effects on the vasculature. The relationship between the type of adipose tissue and its influence on vascular function becomes particularly evident in the context of the heterogenous phenotype of perivascular adipose tissue that is strongly location dependent. In this review, we address the abnormal remodeling of specific adipose tissue depots during obesity and how this critically contributes to the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular stiffness. We also discuss the local and systemic roles of adipose tissue derived secreted factors and increased systemic inflammation during obesity and highlight their detrimental impact on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mascha Koenen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York (M.K., P.C.)
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia (M.A.H., J.R.S.)
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (M.A.H., J.R.S.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York (M.K., P.C.)
| | - James R Sowers
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia (M.A.H., J.R.S.)
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (M.A.H., J.R.S.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (J.R.S.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
- Department of Medicine (J.R.S.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
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26
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Young C. Using the 'aSSKINg' model in pressure ulcer prevention and care planning. Nurs Stand 2021; 36:61-66. [PMID: 33491345 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pressure ulcers are painful, costly and can negatively affect a patient's quality of life. It has long been recognised that they increase the risk of infection, prolong hospital stays and can result in death. To prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers, nurses need to understand what a pressure ulcer is and the underlying factors that cause them. Furthermore, it is essential that they recognise why some people are more susceptible to pressure and shear forces than others, so that preventable factors can be addressed. Nursing care to prevent pressure ulcers needs to be planned, implemented and evaluated in a systematic manner following an assessment of the patient and their circumstances. The 'aSSKINg' (assess risk; skin assessment and skin care; surface; keep moving; incontinence and moisture; nutrition and hydration; and giving information or getting help) model ensures all fundamental aspects of pressure ulcer prevention are included in patient care. This article outlines the definitions and causes of pressure ulcers, and explains how nurses can assess, plan, implement and evaluate pressure ulcer preventative care using the aSSKINg model as a guide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Young
- Tissue Viability Team, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
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27
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Bonfim THFD, Tavares RL, de Vasconcelos MHA, Gouveia M, Nunes PC, Soares NL, Alves RC, de Carvalho JLP, Alves AF, Pereira RDA, Cardoso GA, Silva AS, Aquino JDS. Potentially obesogenic diets alter metabolic and neurobehavioural parameters in Wistar rats: a comparison between two dietary models. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:451-461. [PMID: 33120246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies related to the obesity pandemic have intensified in recent years, being the animal studies are also considered of great relevance. However, despite the fact that many diets have been reported in the literature to induce obesity in animal models, there is still a gap regarding evidence of the efficacy of these models, considering not only changes in somatic parameters, but also the triggering of comorbidities associated with obesity. In this scenario, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of western and cafeteria diets as obesity-inducing protocols, focusing on the evaluation of metabolic, somatic, oxidative, histological and behavioural parameters of Wistar rats. METHODS The rats were fed a control (CON), western (WTD) or cafeteria (CAF) diet for 16 weeks. RESULTS The CAF diet caused anxiogenic-like behaviour. Body mass (BMI), Lee and adiposity indices increased in the CAF group. CAF and WTD diets reduced glucose and insulin tolerance, caused dyslipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation and decrease antioxidant capacity in the liver, kidneys and brain. The WTD and CAF groups shows greater IL-6 protein expression in adipose tissue, developed hepatic steatosis and ischaemic neurons, whereas interstitial nephritis was observed only in the CAF group. CONCLUSION The CAF diet was most effective in inducing obesity, as shown both by the somatic parameters and by the greater number of obesity-related metabolic and neurobehavioural disorders in the evaluated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Leite Tavares
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Mirela Gouveia
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Polyana Campos Nunes
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Naís Lira Soares
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Raquel Coutinho Alves
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jader Luciano Pinto de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ramon de Alencar Pereira
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glêbia Alexa Cardoso
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education - UPE / UFPB, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil; Laboratory of Physical Training Applied to Performance and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sergio Silva
- Laboratory of Physical Training Applied to Performance and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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Dos Reis Costa DEF, Silveira ALM, Campos GP, Nóbrega NRC, de Araújo NF, de Figueiredo Borges L, Dos Santos Aggum Capettini L, Ferreira AVM, Bonaventura D. High-Carbohydrate Diet Enhanced the Anticontractile Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Through Activation of Renin-Angiotensin System. Front Physiol 2021; 11:628101. [PMID: 33519529 PMCID: PMC7845559 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.628101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an active endocrine organ responsible for release several substances that influence on vascular tone. Increasing evidence suggest that hyperactivation of the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the PVAT plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the local RAS contribution to the PVAT control of vascular tone during obesity is still not clear. Since the consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HC diet) contributes to obesity inducing a rapid and sustained increase in adiposity, so that the functional activity of PVAT could be modulated, we aimed to evaluate the effect of HC diet on the PVAT control of vascular tone and verify the involvement of RAS in this effect. For that, male Balb/c mice were fed standard or HC diet for 4 weeks. Vascular reactivity, histology, fluorescence, and immunofluorescence analysis were performed in intact thoracic aorta in the presence or absence of PVAT. The results showed that HC diet caused an increase in visceral adiposity and also in the PVAT area. Phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was significantly reduced in the HC group only in the presence of PVAT. The anticontractile effect of PVAT induced by HC diet was lost when aortic rings were previously incubated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Mas, and AT2 receptors antagonists, PI3K, nNOS, and iNOS inhibitors, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposing enzyme or non-selective potassium channels blocker. Immunofluorescence assays showed that both Mas and AT2 receptors as well as nNOS and iNOS isoforms were markedly expressed in the PVAT of the HC group. Furthermore, the PVAT from HC group also exhibited higher nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide bioavailability. Taken together, these findings suggest that the anticontractile effect of PVAT induced by HC diet involves the signaling cascade triggered by the renin-angiotensin system through the activation of Mas and AT2 receptors, PI3K, nNOS, and iNOS, leading to increased production of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, and subsequently opening of potassium channels. The contribution of PVAT during HC diet-induced obesity could be a compensatory adaptive characteristic in order to preserve the vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Letícia Malheiros Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gianne Paul Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Ferreira de Araújo
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciano de Figueiredo Borges
- Department of Biological Sciences, Morphophysiology & Pathology Sector, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bonaventura
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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d'El-Rei J, Cunha MR, Mattos SDS, Marques BC, Menezes VPD, Cunha AR, França ÉM, Oigman W, Neves MF. Microvascular Reactivity in Hypertensive Patients with High Body Adiposity. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:896-904. [PMID: 33295453 PMCID: PMC8452213 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento: Diversos índices antropométricos têm sido propostos para determinar a associação entre excesso de peso e fatores de risco cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre adiposidade corporal e reatividade microvascular em pacientes hipertensos sob terapia anti-hipertensiva. Métodos: Pacientes hipertensos tratados de 40 a 70 anos foram submetidos à avaliação de índices antropométricos: conicidade (IC), adiposidade corporal (IAC), adiposidade visceral (IAV) e relação cintura-estatura (RCE). Os participantes foram divididos pelos tercis de percentual de gordura (%G) obtido pela bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) e submetidos a teste de reatividade microvascular (laser speckle contrast image), medida da velocidade da onda de pulso (VOP). O valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: A variação da área sob a curva (ASC) da perfusão cutânea foi inferior no tercil superior (97 ± 57% vs. 67 ± 36%; p = 0,027). O %G apresentou correlação significativa com RCE (r = 0,77; p < 0,001), IAV (r = 0,41; p = 0,018), IC (r = 0,60; p < 0,001) e IAC (r = 0,65; p < 0,001) nos homens e somente com RCE (r = 0,55; p < 0,001) e IAC (r = 0,60; p < 0,001) nas mulheres. Na regressão linear, a ASC mostrou associação independente com o %G (β =–3,15; p = 0,04) nas mulheres e com a glicemia (β = –1,15; p = 0,02) nos homens. Não houve diferença nas medidas de VOP. Conclusão: Os índices antropométricos de obesidade foram mais associados ao %G nos homens. A maior adiposidade corporal foi relacionada com menor reatividade microvascular, o que foi mais evidente nas mulheres. Não houve diferença na rigidez arterial, o que pode ter sido influenciado pelo tratamento anti-hipertensivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer d'El-Rei
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Clínica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Rosa Cunha
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Clínica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | - Érica Monteiro França
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Clínica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | - Wille Oigman
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Clínica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | - Mario Fritsch Neves
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Clínica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
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Kim B, Park H, Kim G, Isobe T, Sakae T, Oh S. Relationships of Fat and Muscle Mass with Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239124. [PMID: 33297489 PMCID: PMC7731281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional pilot study aimed to assess the relationships of fat and muscle mass with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in older adults. Serum creatinine concentration was used to measure estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) in the 236 subjects, who were allocated to three groups: a normal (≥60.0), a mild CKD (45.0–59.9), and a moderate to severe CKD (<45.0) group. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test and multivariate logistic regression were employed to assess body composition trends and the relationships of % fat mass (FM) or % muscle mass index (MMI) with moderate-to-severe CKD. Body weight, fat-free mass, MMI, and %MMI tended to decrease with an increase in the severity of CKD, but the opposite trend was identified for %FM. No relationship with BMI was identified. The participants in the middle-high and highest quartile for %FM were 6.55 and 14.31 times more likely to have moderate to severe CKD. Conversely, the participants in the highest quartile for %MMI were 0.07 times less likely to have moderate to severe CKD. Thus, high fat and low muscle mass may be more strongly associated with CKD than obesity per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokun Kim
- Department of Sports Health Care, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (T.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Hyuntae Park
- Department of Health Science, Dong-A University, Pusan 49315, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (S.O.)
| | - Gwonmin Kim
- Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan 49241, Korea;
| | - Tomonori Isobe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (T.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Takeji Sakae
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (T.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Sechang Oh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (T.I.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (S.O.)
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Seefried L, Blyth M, Maheshwari R, McDonnell SM, Frappin G, Hagen M, Maybaum N, Moreira S, Pandit H. Penetration of topical diclofenac into synovial tissue and fluid of osteoarthritic knees: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, pharmacokinetic study. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20943088. [PMID: 32922524 PMCID: PMC7457412 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20943088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has proven efficacy and safety in the management of osteoarthritis pain. We investigated penetration of topical diclofenac into knee synovial tissue and fluid (primary objective) and evaluated relative exposure in the knee versus plasma (secondary objective). METHODS In this phase I, double-blind, multicenter study, patients scheduled for arthroplasty for end-stage knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned 2:1 to 4 g diclofenac diethylamine 2.32% w/w gel (92.8 mg diclofenac diethylamine, equivalent to 74.4 mg diclofenac, per application) or placebo gel, applied to the affected knee by a trained nurse/designee every 12 h for 7 days before surgery. Diclofenac concentrations were measured in synovial tissue, synovial fluid and plasma from samples obtained during surgery ⩾12 h after last application. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were evaluated. RESULTS Evaluable synovial tissue or fluid samples were obtained from 45 (diclofenac n = 29; placebo n = 16) of 47 patients. All diclofenac-treated participants had measurable diclofenac concentrations in synovial tissue [geometric mean 1.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12, 2.20) ng/g] and fluid [geometric mean 2.27 (95% CI 1.87, 2.76) ng/ml] ⩾12 h after the last dose. Geometric mean (95% CI) ratio of diclofenac in synovial tissue:plasma was 0.32 (0.23, 0.45) and in synovial fluid:plasma was 0.46 (0.40, 0.54). TEAE rates were similar for diclofenac (55.2%) and placebo (58.8%); none were treatment related. CONCLUSIONS Topical diclofenac diethylamine 2.32% w/w gel penetrated into the osteoarthritic knee after repeated application and remained detectable in synovial tissue and fluid at the end of the final 12 h dosing cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Seefried
- Clinical Trial Unit, Orthopaedic Department, University Würzburg, Brettreichtstr 11, Würzburg, Bavaria 97074, Germany
| | - Mark Blyth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rohit Maheshwari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - Stephen M. McDonnell
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Martina Hagen
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare S.A., Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Ren X, Kuan PF. RNAAgeCalc: A multi-tissue transcriptional age calculator. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237006. [PMID: 32750074 PMCID: PMC7402472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging reflects decline in physiological functions and is an effective indicator of morbidity and mortality. Numerous epigenetic age calculators are available, however biological aging calculators based on transcription remain scarce. Here, we introduce RNAAgeCalc, a versatile across-tissue and tissue-specific transcriptional age calculator. By performing a meta-analysis of transcriptional age signature across multi-tissues using the GTEx database, we identify 1,616 common age-related genes, as well as tissue-specific age-related genes. Based on these genes, we develop new across-tissue and tissue-specific age predictors. We show that our transcriptional age calculator outperforms other prior age related gene signatures as indicated by the higher correlation with chronological age as well as lower median and median error. Our results also indicate that both racial and tissue differences are associated with transcriptional age. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the transcriptional age acceleration computed from our within-tissue predictor is significantly correlated with mutation burden, mortality risk and cancer stage in several types of cancer from the TCGA database, and offers complementary information to DNA methylation age. RNAAgeCalc is available at http://www.ams.sunysb.edu/~pfkuan/softwares.html#RNAAgeCalc, both as Bioconductor and Python packages, accompanied by a user-friendly interactive Shiny app.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ren
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Pei Fen Kuan
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Fasting Therapy Contributes to the Improvement of Endothelial Function and Decline in Vascular Injury-Related Markers in Overweight and Obese Individuals via Activating Autophagy of Endothelial Progenitor Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3576030. [PMID: 32802124 PMCID: PMC7403908 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3576030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background High body mass index- (BMI-) related vascular injury contributes to the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Rigorous calorie restriction is one of the major lifestyle interventions to reduce vascular risk in overweight or obese individuals. However, the effects of fasting therapy (FT) on vascular function and the mechanism are still unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the impacts of FT on endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and circulating arterial damage parameters in overweight and obese individuals and possible mechanism. Methods Overweight and obese individuals participated in FT intervention (7-day very low calorie diet). Arterial function including brachial arterial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), vascular injury-related markers including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and leptin and endothelial microparticles (EMPs) were assessed. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) of these participants were isolated and cultured to investigate EPCs function. mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal microscopy scanning and western blot were carried out to determine autophagy. Results After FT, body weight and BMI significantly decreased (81.76 ± 12.04 vs. 77.51 ± 12.06 kg, P < 0.01; 29.93 ± 2.82 vs. 28.47 ± 2.83 kg/m2, P < 0.01). FT remarkably improved FMD (5.26 ± 1.34 vs. 6.25 ± 1.60%, P=0.01) while baPWV kept unchanged. TMAO and leptin levels decreased (3.96 ± 1.85 vs. 2.73 ± 1.33 μmol/L, P=0.044; 6814 ± 2639 vs. 3563 ± 2668 μmol/L, P < 0.01). EMPs showed a decreased tendency. EPCs function was significantly improved, autophagy fluorescence intensity was enhanced, and the level of Beclin1, Atg5, LC3 II/I also increased after starvation in vitro, and the effects were blocked by autophagy inhibitor. Conclusions Our present study demonstrated for the first time that FT markedly improves endothelial function and reduces the levels of arterial injury markers through improving EPCs function via activating autophagy. These findings provide a novel insight into FT as a lifestyle intervention strategy to promote the maintenance of vascular homeostasis in overweight or obese individuals. The trial was registered with ChiCTR1900024290.
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Wahab A, Dey AK, Bandyopadhyay D, Katikineni V, Chopra R, Vedantam KS, Devraj M, Chowdary AK, Navarengom K, Lavie CJ, Kolpakchi A, Jneid H. Obesity, Systemic Hypertension, and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Tale of Three Diseases. Curr Probl Cardiol 2020; 46:100599. [PMID: 32560908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially ischemic heart disease and stroke, is the major cause of death worldwide, accounting for more than one-third of all deaths annually. Hypertension is the most prevalent and modifiable risk factor of CVD-related deaths. The same is true for obesity, which is currently being recognized as a major global epidemic. The prevalence of obesity in the United States has increased dramatically, from 13.4% in 1960 to 36.5% in 2014, with as much as 70.7% of the American adult population being overweight or obese (CDC). Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity predisposes to hypertension and CVD - with the relationship between markers of obesity and blood pressure being almost linear across different populations. In this review, we discuss systemic and pulmonary hypertension in the context of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahab
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | - Amit K Dey
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-UQ School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Anna Kolpakchi
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and the Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX
| | - Hani Jneid
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and the Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX.
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Der-Nigoghossian C, Hammond DA, Ammar MA. Narrative Review of Controversies Involving Vasopressin Use in Septic Shock and Practical Considerations. Ann Pharmacother 2020; 54:706-714. [PMID: 31958982 DOI: 10.1177/1060028020901521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To summarize literature evaluating vasopressin use, focusing on clinical controversies regarding initiation, dosing, and discontinuation and interaction of vasopressin with other therapies in septic shock patients. Data Sources: A PubMed English-language literature search (January 2008 to December 2019) was performed using these terms: arginine vasopressin, septic, shock, and sepsis. Citations, including controlled trials, observational studies, review articles, guidelines, and consensus statements, were reviewed. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant clinical data focusing on specific controversial questions regarding the utility of vasopressin in patients with septic shock were narratively summarized. Data Synthesis: Current literature does not strongly support the use of vasopressin as a first-line initial therapy for septic shock. Additionally, there are conflicting data for weight-based dosing of vasopressin in overweight patients. Evidence for vasopressin renal protection and interaction with corticosteroids is minimal. However, vasopressin has the ability to reduce catecholamine requirements in septic shock patients and may provide a mortality benefit in specific subgroups. Discontinuation of vasopressin last, not second to last, in resolving septic shock may reduce hypotension development. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review addresses specific clinical controversies that drive vasopressin use in septic shock patients in real-world practice. Conclusion: Vasopressin should remain second-line adjunct to norepinephrine to augment mean arterial pressures. Dosing should be initiated at 0.03 U/min, and higher doses offer minimal benefit. There are conflicting data on the impact of weight on vasopressin response. Studies have failed to show renal benefit with vasopressin use or an interaction with corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drayton A Hammond
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
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Springer NL, Iyengar NM, Bareja R, Verma A, Jochelson MS, Giri DD, Zhou XK, Elemento O, Dannenberg AJ, Fischbach C. Obesity-Associated Extracellular Matrix Remodeling Promotes a Macrophage Phenotype Similar to Tumor-Associated Macrophages. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:2019-2035. [PMID: 31323189 PMCID: PMC6880774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with adipose inflammation, defined by macrophages encircling dead adipocytes, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and increased risk of breast cancer. Whether ECM affects macrophage phenotype in obesity is uncertain. A better understanding of this relationship could be strategically important to reduce cancer risk or improve outcomes in the obese. Using clinical samples, computational approaches, and in vitro decellularized ECM models, this study quantified the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages in human breast adipose tissue, determined molecular similarities between obesity and tumor-associated macrophages, and assessed the regulatory effect of obese versus lean ECM on macrophage phenotype. Our results suggest that breast adipose tissue contains more M2- than M1-biased macrophages across all body mass index categories. Obesity further increased M2-biased macrophages but did not affect M1-biased macrophage density. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis suggested that breast tissue macrophages from obese versus lean women are more similar to tumor-associated macrophages. These changes positively correlated with adipose tissue interstitial fibrosis, and in vitro experiments indicated that obese ECM directly stimulates M2-biased macrophage functions. However, mammographic density cannot be used as a clinical indicator of these changes. Collectively, these data suggest that obesity-associated interstitial fibrosis promotes a macrophage phenotype similar to tumor-associated macrophages, which may contribute to the link between obesity and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora L Springer
- Field of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Neil M Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maxine S Jochelson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dilip D Giri
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xi K Zhou
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Claudia Fischbach
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
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Kane H, Lynch L. Innate Immune Control of Adipose Tissue Homeostasis. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:857-872. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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38
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McDowell SAC, Quail DF. Immunological Regulation of Vascular Inflammation During Cancer Metastasis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1984. [PMID: 31497019 PMCID: PMC6712555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the predominant cause of cancer-related mortality, despite being a highly inefficient process overall. The vasculature is the gatekeeper for tumor cell seeding within the secondary tissue microenvironment—the rate limiting step of the metastatic cascade. Therefore, factors that regulate vascular physiology dramatically influence cancer outcomes. There are a myriad of physiologic circumstances that not only influence the intrinsic capacity of tumor cells to cross the endothelial barrier, but also that regulate vascular inflammation and barrier integrity to enable extravasation into the metastatic niche. These processes are highly dependent on inflammatory cues largely initiated by the innate immune compartment, that are meant to help re-establish tissue homeostasis, but instead become hijacked by cancer cells. Here, we discuss the scientific advances in understanding the interactions between innate immune cells and the endothelium, describe their influence on cancer metastasis, and evaluate potential therapeutic interventions for the alleviation of metastatic disease. By triangulating the relationship between immune cells, endothelial cells, and tumor cells, we will gain greater insight into how to impede the metastatic process by focusing on its most vulnerable phases, thereby reducing metastatic spread and cancer-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri A C McDowell
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fifield KE, Rowe TM, Raman-Nair JB, Hirasawa M, Vanderluit JL. Prolonged High Fat Diet Worsens the Cellular Response to a Small, Covert-like Ischemic Stroke. Neuroscience 2019; 406:637-652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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The attenuating effects of pyridoxamine on adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation differ by adipocyte location. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 72:108173. [PMID: 31499381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is known that receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands accumulate in the fat tissues of obese individuals, and RAGE ligands induce M1 macrophage polarization, which in turn induces inflammation. We evaluated the effect of pyridoxamine on RAGE ligand accumulation and M1 polarization in the visceral, subcutaneous, and perivascular fat tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Pyridoxamine reduced HFD-induced weight gain, attenuated adipocyte size increases, RAGE ligand accumulations, RAGE-RAGE ligands binding, decreased macrophage M1 polarization and increased M2 polarization in visceral fat tissues, but not in subcutaneous tissues. Pyridoxamine induced glyoxalase 1 (Glo-1) expression in visceral fat in the HFD group, whereas pyridoxamine induced Glo-1 expression in perivascular fat tissues was no higher than that observed in the normal fat diet (NFD) controls. In vitro, pyridoxamine suppressed the release of RAGE ligands from AGE treated macrophages, but non-significantly attenuated RAGE ligands release in AGE treated adipocytes. Pyridoxamine was found to suppress weight increases and M1 polarization, and to increase Glo-1 expression through the RAGE pathway in perivascular and visceral fat tissues of HFD-induced obese rats. These findings suggest pyridoxamine is a candidate for the treatment of obesity or complications related to obesity-induced inflammation.
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Akoumianakis I, Antoniades C. Impaired Vascular Redox Signaling in the Vascular Complications of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:333-353. [PMID: 29084432 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress, a crucial regulator of vascular disease pathogenesis, may be involved in the vascular complications of obesity, systemic insulin resistance (IR), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent Advances: Excessive production of reactive oxygen species in the vascular wall has been linked with vascular disease pathogenesis. Recent evidence has revealed that vascular redox state is dysregulated in cases of obesity, systemic IR, and DM, potentially participating in the well-known vascular complications of these disease entities. Critical Issues: The detrimental effects of obesity and the metabolic syndrome on vascular biology have been extensively described at a clinical level. Further, vascular oxidative stress has often been associated with the presence of obesity and IR as well as with a variety of detrimental vascular phenotypes. However, the mechanisms of vascular redox state regulation under conditions of obesity and systemic IR, as well as their clinical relevance, are not adequately explored. In addition, the notion of vascular IR, and its relationship with systemic parameters of obesity and systemic IR, is not fully understood. In this review, we present all the important components of vascular redox state and the evidence linking oxidative stress with obesity and IR. Future Directions: Future studies are required to describe the cellular effects and the translational potential of vascular redox state in the context of vascular disease. In addition, further elucidation of the direct vascular effects of obesity and IR is required for better management of the vascular complications of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
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Hu D, Russell RD, Remash D, Greenaway T, Rattigan S, Squibb KA, Jones G, Ross RM, Roberts CK, Premilovac D, Richards SM, Keske MA. Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1242-E1250. [PMID: 30351988 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00234.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The microcirculation in adipose tissue is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Resistance training (RT) often increases muscle mass and promotes a favorable metabolic profile in people with T2D, even in the absence of fat loss. Whether the metabolic benefits of RT in T2D are linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow is unknown. Eighteen sedentary people with T2D (7 women/11 men, 52 ± 7 yr) completed 6 wk of RT. Before and after RT, overnight-fasted participants had blood sampled for clinical chemistries (glucose, insulin, lipids, HbA1c, and proinflammatory markers) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC; 50 g glucose × 2 h) and a DEXA scan to assess body composition. Adipose tissue microvascular blood volume and flow were assessed at rest and 1 h post-OGC using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. RT significantly reduced fasting blood glucose ( P = 0.006), HbA1c ( P = 0.007), 2-h glucose area under the time curve post-OGC ( P = 0.014), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ( P = 0.005). This was accompanied by a small reduction in total body fat ( P = 0.002), trunk fat ( P = 0.023), and fasting triglyceride levels ( P = 0.029). Lean mass ( P = 0.003), circulating TNF-α ( P = 0.006), and soluble VCAM-1 ( P < 0.001) increased post-RT. There were no significant changes in adipose tissue microvascular blood volume or flow following RT; however those who did have a higher baseline microvascular blood flow post-RT also had lower fasting triglyceride levels ( r = -0.476, P = 0.045). The anthropometric, glycemic, and insulin-sensitizing benefits of 6 wk of RT in people with T2D are not associated with an improvement in adipose tissue microvascular responses; however, there may be an adipose tissue microvascular-linked benefit to fasting triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Hu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Ryan D Russell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Health Services, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley , Brownsville, Texas
| | - Devika Remash
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Timothy Greenaway
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Royal Hobart Hospital , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Stephen Rattigan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Kathryn A Squibb
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Renee M Ross
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Christian K Roberts
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dino Premilovac
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Stephen M Richards
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
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Qi XY, Qu SL, Xiong WH, Rom O, Chang L, Jiang ZS. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:134. [PMID: 30305178 PMCID: PMC6180425 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue that surrounds most of the vasculature, has emerged as an active component of the blood vessel wall regulating vascular homeostasis and affecting the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Although PVAT characteristics resemble both brown and white adipose tissues, recent evidence suggests that PVAT develops from its own distinct precursors implying a closer link between PVAT and vascular system. Under physiological conditions, PVAT has potent anti-atherogenic properties mediated by its ability to secrete various biologically active factors that induce non-shivering thermogenesis and metabolize fatty acids. In contrast, under pathological conditions (mainly obesity), PVAT becomes dysfunctional, loses its thermogenic capacity and secretes pro-inflammatory adipokines that induce endothelial dysfunction and infiltration of inflammatory cells, promoting atherosclerosis development. Since PVAT plays crucial roles in regulating key steps of atherosclerosis development, it may constitute a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of PVAT in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Qi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Shun-Lin Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Wen-Hao Xiong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Oren Rom
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Lin Chang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
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Galkine A, Dzenkeviciute V, Sapoka V, Urbanavicius V, Petrulioniene Z, Brimas G, Laucevicius A. EFFECTS OF BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS: A 4-YEAR CLINICAL STUDY. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2018; 14:491-497. [PMID: 31149302 PMCID: PMC6516413 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the long-term effect of weight loss on arterial stiffness, metabolic parameters in morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). SUBJECTS Forty-eight morbidly obese Caucasian subjects underwent LAGB from January 2009 to January 2010 and completed 4 years follow-up. MEASUREMENTS Patients were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, arterial blood pressure (BP), metabolic factors: leptin, adiponectin, glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin. Endothelial function - evaluated as reactive hyperemic index (RHI). Arterial stiffness - determined by cardio - ankle vascular index (CAVI). RESULTS Average BMI decreased from 46.48±7.06 kg/m2 to 39.78±7.36 kg/m2 (1year, p<0.001) and 37.29±7.49 kg/m2 (4years, p=0.012). The systolic BP and heart rate reduction were observed after the 4 years. Changes in cardiovascular parameters were accompanied by waist circumference reduction and improvement of glucose metabolism,reduction of insulin, HbA1c, leptin, C-reactive protein values. However, there were statistically significant increases in CAVI 6.58±1.77m/s vs. 7.03±2.00 m/s (p=0.014) at 1 year, but not significant 7.12±2.19 (p=0.153) after 4 years. Endothelial changes were observed only in diabetic patients one year after LAGB 2.18±0.57 vs. 1.86±0.34 (p=0.021) vs. 2.05±0.42 (p=0.086). CONCLUSION Weight reduction induced by LAGB was associated with changes in body weight and metabolic parameters, but it was no improvement on endothelial function and arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Galkine
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Family Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - V. Dzenkeviciute
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Heart and Vascular Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - V. Sapoka
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Family Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - V. Urbanavicius
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Family Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Z. Petrulioniene
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Heart and Vascular Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - G. Brimas
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - A. Laucevicius
- Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Clinic of Heart and Vascular Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Gonzalez LL, Garrie K, Turner MD. Type 2 diabetes - An autoinflammatory disease driven by metabolic stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3805-3823. [PMID: 30251697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has traditionally been viewed as a metabolic disorder characterised by chronic high glucose levels, insulin resistance, and declining insulin secretion from the pancreas. Modern lifestyle, with abundant nutrient supply and reduced physical activity, has resulted in dramatic increases in the rates of obesity-associated disease conditions, including diabetes. The associated excess of nutrients induces a state of systemic low-grade chronic inflammation that results from production and secretion of inflammatory mediators from the expanded pool of activated adipocytes. Here, we review the mechanisms by which obesity induces adipose tissue dysregulation, detailing the roles of adipose tissue secreted factors and their action upon other cells and tissues central to glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, given the emerging importance of adipokines, cytokines and chemokines in disease progression, we suggest that type 2 diabetes should now be viewed as an autoinflammatory disease, albeit one that is driven by metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Gonzalez
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Garrie
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Turner
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
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Qiu T, Li M, Tanner MA, Yang Y, Sowers JR, Korthuis RJ, Hill MA. Depletion of dendritic cells in perivascular adipose tissue improves arterial relaxation responses in type 2 diabetic mice. Metabolism 2018; 85:76-89. [PMID: 29530798 PMCID: PMC6062442 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of multiple subtypes of immune cells in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been proposed to cause vascular inflammation and dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study was designed to investigate specific roles for dendritic cells in PVAT in the development of vascular inflammation and impaired PVAT-mediated vasorelaxation in T2DM. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies were performed using db/db mice (model of T2DM) and their Db heterozygote (DbHET), lean and normoglycemic controls. Dendritic cell depletion was performed by cross-breeding DbHet with Flt3l-/- (null for ligand for FMS-kinase tyrosine kinase) mice. Using PCR, it was found that the majority of dendritic cells (CD11c+) were located in PVAT rather than the vascular wall. Flow cytometry similarly showed greater dendritic cell accumulation in adipose tissue from db/db mice than DbHET controls. Adipose tissue from db/db mice displayed increased mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and decreased mRNA levels of the anti-inflammatory mediator adiponectin, compared to DbHET mice. Depletion of dendritic cells in dbFlt3l-/dbFlt3l- (confirmed by flow cytometry) reduced TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA levels in diabetic adipose tissue without influencing adiponection expression. Moreover, in mesenteric arteries, dendritic cell depletion improved the ability of PVAT to augment acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and anti-contractile activity. CONCLUSIONS In a murine model of T2DM, dendritic cells accumulated predominantly in PVAT, as opposed to the vessel wall, per se. Accumulation of dendritic cells in PVAT was associated with overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contributed to an impaired ability of PVAT to augment vasorelaxation and exert anti-contractile activity in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Qiu
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Min Li
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Miles A Tanner
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - James R Sowers
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ronald J Korthuis
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri and Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Köchli S, Endes K, Infanger D, Zahner L, Hanssen H. Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Retinal Vessels: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2018; 141:peds.2017-4090. [PMID: 29743194 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Retinal vessel imaging is a noninvasive diagnostic tool used to evaluate cardiovascular risk. Childhood obesity and elevated blood pressure (BP) are associated with retinal microvascular alterations. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and meta-analyze associations between obesity, BP, and physical activity with retinal vessel diameters in children. DATA SOURCES We conducted a literature search through the databases of PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. STUDY SELECTION School- and population-based cross-sectional data. DATA EXTRACTION General information, study design, participants, exposure, and outcomes. RESULTS A total of 1751 studies were found, and 30 full-text articles were analyzed for eligibility. Twenty-two articles (18 865 children and adolescents) were used for further assessment and reflection. Eleven articles were finally included in the meta-analysis. We found that a higher BMI is associated with narrower retinal arteriolar (pooled estimate effect size -0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.50 to -0.24]) and wider venular diameters (0.35 [95% CI: 0.07 to 0.63]). Systolic and diastolic BP are associated with retinal arteriolar narrowing (systolic BP: -0.63 [95% CI: -0.92 to -0.34]; diastolic BP: -0.60 [95% CI -0.95 to -0.25]). Increased physical activity and fitness are associated with favorable retinal vessel diameters. LIMITATIONS Long-term studies are needed to substantiate the prognostic relevance of retinal vessel diameters for cardiovascular risk in children. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that childhood obesity, BP, and physical inactivity are associated with retinal microvascular abnormalities. Retinal vessel diameters seem to be sensitive microvascular biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Köchli
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Endes
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Denis Infanger
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Zahner
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
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Wang N, Kuczmanski A, Dubrovska G, Gollasch M. Palmitic Acid Methyl Ester and Its Relation to Control of Tone of Human Visceral Arteries and Rat Aortas by Perivascular Adipose Tissue. Front Physiol 2018; 9:583. [PMID: 29875688 PMCID: PMC5974537 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) exerts anti-contractile effects on visceral arteries by release of various perivascular relaxing factors (PVRFs) and opening voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Palmitic acid methyl ester (PAME) has been proposed as transferable PVRF in rat aorta. Here, we studied PVAT regulation of arterial tone of human mesenteric arteries and clarified the contribution of Kv channels and PAME in the effects. Methods: Wire myography was used to measure vasocontractions of mesenteric artery rings from patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Isolated aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats were studied for comparison. PVAT was either left intact or removed from the arterial rings. Vasocontractions were induced by external high K+ (60 mM), serotonin (5-HT) or phenylephrine. PAME (10 nM−3 μM) was used as vasodilator. Kv channels were blocked by XE991, a Kv7 (KCNQ) channel inhibitor, or by 4-aminopyridine, a non-specific Kv channel inhibitor. PAME was measured in bathing solutions incubated with rat peri-aortic or human visceral adipose tissue. Results: We found that PVAT displayed anti-contractile effects in both human mesenteric arteries and rat aortas. The anti-contractile effects were inhibited by XE991 (30 μM). PAME (EC50 ~1.4 μM) was capable to produce relaxations of PVAT-removed rat aortas. These effects were abolished by XE991 (30 μM), but not 4-aminopyridine (2 mM) or NDGA (10 μM), a lipoxygenases inhibitor. The cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor 17-octadecynoic acid (ODYA 10 μM) and the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor 12-(3-adamantan-1-ylureido)-dodecanoic acid (AUDA 10 μM) slightly decreased PAME relaxations. PAME up to 10 μM failed to induce relaxations of PVAT-removed human mesenteric arteries. 5-HT induced endogenous PAME release from rat peri-aortic adipose tissue, but not from human visceral adipose tissue. Conclusions: Our data also suggest that Kv7 channels are involved in the anti-contractile effects of PVAT on arterial tone in both rat aorta and human mesenteric arteries. PAME could contribute to PVAT relaxations by activating Kv7 channels in rat aorta, but not in human mesenteric arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Artur Kuczmanski
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Galyna Dubrovska
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Medical Clinic of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Quesada I, Cejas J, García R, Cannizzo B, Redondo A, Castro C. Vascular dysfunction elicited by a cross talk between periaortic adipose tissue and the vascular wall is reversed by pioglitazone. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 36:e12322. [PMID: 29464937 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is in intimate contact with the vessel wall and extravascular PVAT-derived inflammatory mediators may adversely influence atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability through outside-to-inside signaling. We sought to investigate the role of PVAT on the atheroma development in an experimental animal model of metabolic syndrome (MS) associated with oxidative stress and low-grade inflammatory state. We also studied the effect of pioglitazone an insulin sensitizer, on the aortic wall and its surrounding PVAT, considering a bi-directional communication between both layers. METHODS Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE-/- ) were fed with standard diet (CD, control diet) or fructose overload (10% w/v) (FD, fructose diet) for 8 weeks and treated with or without pioglitazone the latest 4 weeks. RESULTS Biochemical variables show that glycemia and lipid peroxidation determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) significantly increased in FD-fed ApoE-/- mice. FD significantly increased aortic PVAT expression of oxidative stress associated genes: p22phox , Nox1, Nox2, Nox4 and p47phox , and proinflammatory genes: Visfatin, MCP-1, and MMP-9. Pioglitazone diminished PVAT-oxidative damage elicited by fructose treatment and markedly down-regulated proinflammatory markers. Even pioglitazone did not prevent the development of the aortic atheroma plaques stimulated by FD, significantly diminished VCAM-1 expression, MMP-9 expression and activity in aortic media wall and significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids and macrophages in atheroma plaques. CONCLUSION Our results support the fact that PVAT contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease by underlying mechanisms elicited by "outside-in" signaling. Treatment with pioglitazone may offer a new effect on the whole vessel wall, promoting the stability of advanced atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Quesada
- Vascular Biology Lab, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) CONICET, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cejas
- Vascular Biology Lab, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) CONICET, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo García
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) - CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Cannizzo
- Vascular Biology Lab, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) CONICET, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Analía Redondo
- Vascular Biology Lab, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) CONICET, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudia Castro
- Vascular Biology Lab, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU) CONICET, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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50
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Almabrouk TAM, White AD, Ugusman AB, Skiba DS, Katwan OJ, Alganga H, Guzik TJ, Touyz RM, Salt IP, Kennedy S. High Fat Diet Attenuates the Anticontractile Activity of Aortic PVAT via a Mechanism Involving AMPK and Reduced Adiponectin Secretion. Front Physiol 2018; 9:51. [PMID: 29479319 PMCID: PMC5812172 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) positively regulates vascular function through production of factors such as adiponectin but this effect is attenuated in obesity. The enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is present in PVAT and is implicated in mediating the vascular effects of adiponectin. In this study, we investigated the effect of an obesogenic high fat diet (HFD) on aortic PVAT and whether any changes involved AMPK. Methods: Wild type Sv129 (WT) and AMPKα1 knockout (KO) mice aged 8 weeks were fed normal diet (ND) or HFD (42% kcal fat) for 12 weeks. Adiponectin production by PVAT was assessed by ELISA and AMPK expression studied using immunoblotting. Macrophages in PVAT were identified using immunohistochemistry and markers of M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes evaluated using real time-qPCR. Vascular responses were measured in endothelium-denuded aortic rings with or without attached PVAT. Carotid wire injury was performed and PVAT inflammation studied 7 days later. Key results: Aortic PVAT from KO and WT mice was morphologically indistinct but KO PVAT had more infiltrating macrophages. HFD caused an increased infiltration of macrophages in WT mice with increased expression of the M1 macrophage markers Nos2 and Il1b and the M2 marker Chil3. In WT mice, HFD reduced the anticontractile effect of PVAT as well as reducing adiponectin secretion and AMPK phosphorylation. PVAT from KO mice on ND had significantly reduced adiponectin secretion and no anticontractile effect and feeding HFD did not alter this. Wire injury induced macrophage infiltration of PVAT but did not cause further infiltration in KO mice. Conclusions: High-fat diet causes an inflammatory infiltrate, reduced AMPK phosphorylation and attenuates the anticontractile effect of murine aortic PVAT. Mice lacking AMPKα1 phenocopy many of the changes in wild-type aortic PVAT after HFD, suggesting that AMPK may protect the vessel against deleterious changes in response to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A M Almabrouk
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Medical School, University of Zawia, Zawia, Libya
| | - Anna D White
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Azizah B Ugusman
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dominik S Skiba
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
| | - Omar J Katwan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Husam Alganga
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Medical School, University of Zawia, Zawia, Libya
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Kennedy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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