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Argueta DL, Brice KN, Wu-Chung EL, Chen MA, Lai VD, Paoletti-Hatcher J, Denny BT, Green C, Medina LD, Schulz P, Stinson J, Heijnen C, Fagundes CP. LPS-induced whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms in dementia spousal caregivers: The moderating effect of childhood trauma. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 168:107140. [PMID: 39032477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dementia spousal caregivers are at risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and proinflammatory cytokine production may contribute to depressive symptoms among caregivers. People who report childhood trauma are more likely to have exaggerated stress responses that may also contribute to depressive symptoms in adulthood. This study aimed to test whether the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms is strongest in caregivers who report high levels of childhood trauma. METHODS A sample of 103 dementia spousal caregivers provided self-report data on demographics, health information, caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and depressive symptoms. We also determined lipopolysaccharide-induced whole-blood cytokine production as the primary measure of immune cell reactivity. We measured interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and converted z-scores of each cytokine into a composite panel. We regressed depressive symptoms on proinflammatory cytokine production, caregiver burden, and anticipatory grief, adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates. RESULTS Whole-blood cytokine production and childhood trauma were associated with depressive symptoms. Childhood trauma moderated the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms. Whole-blood cytokine production was only associated with depressive symptoms at mean and high levels of childhood trauma, but not at low levels of childhood trauma. The main effects of burden and anticipatory grief on depressive symptoms were strongest for caregivers reporting high levels of childhood trauma. DISCUSSION Childhood trauma has lasting impacts on psychosocial experiences later in life and has effects that may confer susceptibility to inflammation-related depression. Our findings contribute to ongoing efforts to identify risk factors for adverse mental health in dementia spousal caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly N Brice
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | | | - Vincent D Lai
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | - Bryan T Denny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | - Charles Green
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | - Luis D Medina
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA
| | - Paul Schulz
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | | | - Cobi Heijnen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
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2
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Sun D, Wang R, Du Q, Chen H, Shi Z, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Wang X, Zhou H. Integrating genetic and proteomic data to elucidate the association between immune system and blood-brain barrier dysfunction with multiple sclerosis risk and severity. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:652-660. [PMID: 39029667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune system dysfunction and blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment are implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) risk and severity. However, the causal relationships and potential therapeutic targets remain unclear. METHODS Leveraging the MRC IEU OpenGWAS data infrastructure, we extracted 1254 peripheral immune systems and 792 BBB biomarkers as genetic instruments for exposure. MS risk data from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC) (47,429 MS cases, 68,374 controls) served as one outcome, replicated in FinnGen (1048 cases, 217,141 controls) and the UK Biobank (1679 cases, 461,254 controls). Genetic associations with MS severity derived from IMSGC and MultipleMS Consortium GWAS data (12,584 cases). Two-sample, bidirectional, and protein drug-target MR analyses were conducted, along with interaction analysis of identified proteins and druggability assessment. RESULTS Causal relationships between 45 immunological markers, 15 BBB markers, and MS risk were strongly supported. In peripheral immunity, the causal associations with MS are predominantly concentrated in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. Notably, anti-Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) IgG levels exhibited the most significant causal effect on MS risk (OR = 225.62, P = 5.63E-208), replicated in the MS severity (OR = 1.11, P = 0.04). Weak causal evidence was found between 62 immunological markers, 35 BBB markers, and MS severity. Reverse MR analysis suggested potential causal effects of MS risk on 8 markers. Drug-targeted MR analysis indicated potential therapeutic benefits in reducing MS risk for CD40 (OR = 0.71, P = 7.24E-13, PPH4 = 97.6 %), AHSG (OR = 0.88, P = 2.91E-05, PPH4 = 94.4 %), and FCRL3 (Sun BB et al.: OR = 0.83, P = 8.93E-09, PPH4 = 94.2 %, Suhre K et al.: OR = 0.88, P = 5.20E-08, PPH4 = 99.2 %). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence supporting the causal effects of immune system and BBB dysfunction on MS risk and severity. It emphasizes the significant role of anti-EBNA IgG levels, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in MS, and delineates the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting three proteins associated with MS risk: CD40, AHSG, and FCRL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongren Sun
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xuexiang No. 37, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Mo L, Li J, Lu H, Lu S, Fu H, Huang B, Zhao C. Aloe polysaccharides ameliorate obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction in high-fat diet-fed mice by targeting the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38989726 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Aloe polysaccharides (APs) display cognition-improving properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, AP supplementation for 24 weeks significantly improved cognitive behavioral disturbances caused by a high-fat diet. Moreover, APs notably reshaped the structure of the gut microbiota, which was manifested by increasing the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Alistipes, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Akkermansia while reducing the abundance of Parasutterella, Staphylococcus, Helicobacter, Enterococcus, and Erysipelatoclostridium. Notably, the gut barrier damage and LPS leakage caused by HF were recovered by APs. Additionally, with the improvement of intestinal barrier integrity, oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain and jejunum were significantly ameliorated. Furthermore, the expression of genes associated with cognitive impairment and the intestinal tract barrier was up-regulated (CREB, BDNF, TrkB, ZO-1 and occludin), while the expression of genes associated with inflammatory factors was down-regulated (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Finally, we observed a significant correlation among cognition-related genes, gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the HF-AP group. Together, our findings suggest that altered gut microbiota composition and improved gut barrier integrity may be important targets for potentially improving high-fat diet-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Hangsun Lu
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Shaoda Lu
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Henghui Fu
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
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Serranová T, Slovák M, Forejtová Z, Sieger T, Dušek P, Srpová B, Mrázová K, Růžička E, Šonka K, Espay AJ, Nytrová P. Abnormal Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytology in Functional Movement Disorders. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:555-560. [PMID: 38573035 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of inflammation and neuroimmune mechanisms, which have been documented in various neuropsychiatric disorders including the seizure subtype of functional neurological disorder, remains unclear in functional movement disorders (FMD). To explore these mechanisms, we analyzed selected inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with FMD. METHODS We compared CSF markers in 26 patients with clinically established FMD (20 females; mean [SD] age = 43.3 [10.9], disease duration = 3.9 [3], range = 0.1-11 years; mean follow-up after lumbar puncture = 4.3 [2] years, range = 0.5-7 years) and 26 sex- and age-matched clinical controls with noninflammatory nonneurodegenerative neurological disorders, mostly sleep disorders. RESULTS Sixty-five percent of FMD patients versus 15% of controls showed cytological abnormalities (i.e., increased white blood cells [WBC] count, signs of WBC activation, or both; odds ratio [OR] = 9.85, 95% confidence interval = 2.37-52.00, p < .01, corrected), with a significantly higher frequency of an isolated lymphocytic activation, 35% versus 0% (OR = ∞, 95% confidence interval = 2.53-∞, p < .05, corrected). There were no differences in CSF protein and albumin levels, quotient albumin, IgG index, and oligoclonal bands. CSF abnormalities were not associated with more severe motor symptoms or a higher frequency of depression in FMD. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a possible involvement of immune mechanisms in the pathophysiology of (at least a subtype of) FMD that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Serranová
- From the Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University (Serranová, Slovák, Forejtová, Sieger, Dušek, Srpová, Růžička, Šonka, Nytrová), 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague; Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering (Sieger), Czech Technical University in Prague; Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics (Mrázová), Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; and James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology (Espay), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Frye BM, Negrey JD, Johnson CSC, Kim J, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Chiou KL, Snyder-Mackler N, Montine TJ, Craft S, Shively CA, Register TC. Mediterranean diet protects against a neuroinflammatory cortical transcriptome: Associations with brain volumetrics, peripheral inflammation, social isolation, and anxiety in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis). Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:681-692. [PMID: 38636565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean diets may be neuroprotective and prevent cognitive decline relative to Western diets; however, the underlying biology is poorly understood. We assessed the effects of Western versus Mediterranean-like diets on RNAseq-generated transcriptional profiles in lateral temporal cortex and their relationships with longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy, circulating monocyte gene expression, and observations of social isolation and anxiety in 38 socially-housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Diet resulted in differential expression of seven transcripts (FDR < 0.05). Cyclin dependent kinase 14 (CDK14), a proinflammatory regulator, was lower in the Mediterranean group. The remaining six transcripts [i.e., "lunatic fringe" (LFNG), mannose receptor C type 2 (MRC2), solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLCA32), butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 (BTN2A1), katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1), and transmembrane protein 268 (TMEM268)] were higher in cortex of the Mediterranean group and generally associated with anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective pathways. KATNB1 encodes a subcomponent of katanin, important in maintaining microtubule homeostasis. BTN2A1 is involved in immunomodulation of γδ T-cells which have anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects. CDK14, LFNG, MRC2, and SLCA32 are associated with inflammatory pathways. The latter four differentially expressed cortex transcripts were associated with peripheral monocyte transcript levels, neuroanatomical changes determined by MRI, and with social isolation and anxiety. These results provide important insights into the potential mechanistic processes linking diet, peripheral and central inflammation, and behavior. Collectively, our results provide evidence that, relative to Western diets, Mediterranean diets confer protection against peripheral and central inflammation which is reflected in preserved brain structure and socioemotional behavior. Ultimately, such protective effects may confer resilience to the development of neuropathology and associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Biology, Emory and Henry College, Emory, VA, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jacob D Negrey
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jeongchul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Richard A Barcus
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christopher T Whitlow
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth L Chiou
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Craft
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Leterrier S, Goutal S, Hugon G, Goislard M, Saba W, Hosten B, Specklin S, Winkeler A, Tournier N. Imaging quantitative changes in blood-brain barrier permeability using [ 18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([ 18F]FDS) PET in relation to glial cell recruitment in a mouse model of endotoxemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1117-1127. [PMID: 38441006 PMCID: PMC11179610 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241236755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The quantitative relationship between the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the recruitment of glial cells was explored in a mouse model of endotoxemia. [18F]2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([18F]FDS) PET imaging was used as a paracellular marker for quantitative monitoring of BBB permeability after i.v injection of increasing doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle (saline, n = 5). The brain distribution of [18F]FDS (VT, mL.cm-3) was estimated using kinetic modeling. LPS dose-dependently increased the brain VT of [18F]FDS after injection of LPS 4 mg/kg (5.2 ± 2.4-fold, n = 4, p < 0.01) or 5 mg/kg (9.0 ± 9.1-fold, n = 4, p < 0.01) but not 3 mg/kg (p > 0.05, n = 7). In 12 individuals belonging to the different groups, changes in BBB permeability were compared with expression of markers of astrocyte (GFAP) and microglial cell (CD11b) using ex vivo immunohistochemistry. Increased expression of CD11b and GFAP expression was observed in mice injected with 3 mg/kg of LPS, which did not increase with higher LPS doses. Quantitative [18F]FDS PET imaging can capture different levels of BBB permeability in vivo. A biphasic effect was observed with the lowest dose of LPS that triggered neuroinflammation without disruptive changes in BBB permeability, and higher LPS doses that increased BBB permeability without additional recruitment of glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leterrier
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Sébastien Goutal
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Gaëlle Hugon
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Maud Goislard
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Wadad Saba
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Benoit Hosten
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Simon Specklin
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
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7
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Mohammad A, Laboulaye MA, Shenhar C, Dobberfuhl AD. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:433-449. [PMID: 38326514 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder and/or pelvic pain, increased urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia. The pathophysiology of IC/BPS is poorly understood, and theories include chronic inflammation, autoimmune dysregulation, bacterial cystitis, urothelial dysfunction, deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier and urine cytotoxicity. Multiple treatment options exist, including behavioural interventions, oral medications, intravesical instillations and procedures such as hydrodistension; however, many clinical trials fail, and patients experience an unsatisfactory treatment response, likely owing to IC/BPS phenotype heterogeneity and the use of non-targeted interventions. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS as reactive oxygen species impair bladder function via their involvement in multiple molecular mechanisms. Kinase signalling pathways, nociceptive receptors, mast-cell activation, urothelial dysregulation and circadian rhythm disturbance have all been linked to reactive oxygen species and IC/BPS. However, further research is necessary to fully uncover the role of oxidative stress in the pathways driving IC/BPS pathogenesis. The development of new models in which these pathways can be manipulated will aid this research and enable further investigation of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mallory A Laboulaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chen Shenhar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amy D Dobberfuhl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Maiuolo J, Bulotta RM, Ruga S, Nucera S, Macrì R, Scarano F, Oppedisano F, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Mollace R, Muscoli C, Mollace V. The Postbiotic Properties of Butyrate in the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota: The Potential of Its Combination with Polyphenols and Dietary Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6971. [PMID: 39000076 PMCID: PMC11240906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a diverse bacterial community consisting of approximately 2000 species, predominantly from five phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The microbiota's bacterial species create distinct compounds that impact the host's health, including well-known short-chain fatty acids. These are produced through the breakdown of dietary fibers and fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota. The main short-chain fatty acids consist of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The concentration of butyrate in mammalian intestines varies depending on the diet. Its main functions are use as an energy source, cell differentiation, reduction in the inflammatory process in the intestine, and defense against oxidative stress. It also plays an epigenetic role in histone deacetylases, thus helping to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Finally, butyrate affects the gut-brain axis by crossing the brain-blood barrier, making it crucial to determine the right concentrations for both local and peripheral effects. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of attention given to the role of dietary polyphenols and fibers in promoting human health. Polyphenols and dietary fibers both play crucial roles in protecting human health and can produce butyrate through gut microbiota fermentation. This paper aims to summarize information on the key summits related to the negative correlation between intestinal microbiota diversity and chronic diseases to guide future research on determining the specific activity of butyrate from polyphenols and dietary fibers that can carry out these vital functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
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9
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Chmielarz M, Sobieszczańska B, Środa-Pomianek K. Metabolic Endotoxemia: From the Gut to Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7006. [PMID: 39000116 PMCID: PMC11241432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a severe health problem for residents in developed countries who follow a Western diet, disrupting intestinal microbiota and the whole organism's homeostasis. Although the effect of endotoxin on the human immune system is well known, its long-term impact on the human body, lasting many months or even years, is unknown. This is due to the difficulty of conducting in vitro and in vivo studies on the prolonged effect of endotoxin on the central nervous system. In this article, based on the available literature, we traced the path of endotoxin from the intestines to the blood through the intestinal epithelium and factors promoting the development of metabolic endotoxemia. The presence of endotoxin in the bloodstream and the inflammation it induces may contribute to lowering the blood-brain barrier, potentially allowing its penetration into the central nervous system; although, the theory is still controversial. Microglia, guarding the central nervous system, are the first line of defense and respond to endotoxin with activation, which may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. We traced the pro-inflammatory role of endotoxin in neurodegenerative diseases and its impact on the epigenetic regulation of microglial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Chmielarz
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Sobieszczańska
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 3a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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10
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Benvenuti L, Di Salvo C, Bellini G, Seguella L, Rettura F, Esposito G, Antonioli L, Ceravolo R, Bernardini N, Pellegrini C, Fornai M. Gut-directed therapy in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407925. [PMID: 38974034 PMCID: PMC11224490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and slow-progressing neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctions. Over the last years, the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is emerging as a bacterial-neuro-immune ascending pathway that contributes to the progression of PD. Indeed, PD patients are characterized by changes in gut microbiota composition, alterations of intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) and enteric neurogenic/inflammatory responses that, besides determining intestinal disturbances, contribute to brain pathology. In this context, despite the causal relationship between gut dysbiosis, impaired MGB axis and PD remains to be elucidated, emerging evidence shows that MGB axis modulation can represent a suitable therapeutical strategy for the treatment of PD. This review provides an overview of the available knowledge about the beneficial effects of gut-directed therapies, including dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), in both PD patients and animal models. In this context, particular attention has been devoted to the mechanisms by which the modulation of MGB axis could halt or slow down PD pathology and, most importantly, how these approaches can be included in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Benvenuti
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Salvo
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bellini
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Seguella
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Rettura
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Antonioli
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunzia Bernardini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Pellegrini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Tigchelaar C, Cunningham JL, Rasmusson AJ, Thulin M, Burman J, Kema IP, Larsson A, Absalom AR. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma concentrations of the inflammatory marker soluble CD27 in a large surgical population. iScience 2024; 27:110036. [PMID: 38883839 PMCID: PMC11179565 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble CD27 (sCD27) is a potential biomarker for diseases involving immune dysfunction. As there is currently little data on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sCD27 concentrations in the general population we measured CSF and plasma concentrations in 486 patients (age range 18-92 years, 57% male) undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective surgery. Across the complete cohort the median [range] sCD27 concentrations were 163 [<50 to 7474] pg/mL in CSF and 4624 [1830 to >400,000] pg/mL in plasma. Plasma sCD27, age and Qalb were the factors most strongly associated with CSF sCD27 levels. Reference sCD27 concentration intervals (central 95% of values) in a sub-group without the indication of neuropsychiatric, inflammatory or systemic disease (158 patients) were <50 pg/mL - 419 pg/mL for CSF and 2344-36422 pg/mL for plasma. These data provide preliminary reference ranges that could inform future studies of the validity of sCD27 as a biomarker for neuro- and systemic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celien Tigchelaar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janet L Cunningham
- Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annica J Rasmusson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Måns Thulin
- Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joachim Burman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anthony R Absalom
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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12
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Jang MH, Song J. Adenosine and adenosine receptors in metabolic imbalance-related neurological issues. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116996. [PMID: 38897158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes (e.g., obesity) are characterized by insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, impaired glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Recently, patients with metabolic syndromes have experienced not only metabolic problems but also neuropathological issues, including cognitive impairment. Several studies have reported blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and insulin resistance in the brain of patients with obesity and diabetes. Adenosine, a purine nucleoside, is known to regulate various cellular responses (e.g., the neuroinflammatory response) by binding with adenosine receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Adenosine has four known receptors: A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R. These receptors play distinct roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the brain, including endothelial cell homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, microglial activation, lipid metabolism, immune cell infiltration, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we review the recent findings on the role of adenosine receptor-mediated signaling in neuropathological issues related to metabolic imbalance. We highlight the importance of adenosine signaling in the development of therapeutic solutions for neuropathological issues in patients with metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyeon Jang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Stolfi F, Abreu H, Sinella R, Nembrini S, Centonze S, Landra V, Brasso C, Cappellano G, Rocca P, Chiocchetti A. Omics approaches open new horizons in major depressive disorder: from biomarkers to precision medicine. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1422939. [PMID: 38938457 PMCID: PMC11210496 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1422939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurrent episodic mood disorder that represents the third leading cause of disability worldwide. In MDD, several factors can simultaneously contribute to its development, which complicates its diagnosis. According to practical guidelines, antidepressants are the first-line treatment for moderate to severe major depressive episodes. Traditional treatment strategies often follow a one-size-fits-all approach, resulting in suboptimal outcomes for many patients who fail to experience a response or recovery and develop the so-called "therapy-resistant depression". The high biological and clinical inter-variability within patients and the lack of robust biomarkers hinder the finding of specific therapeutic targets, contributing to the high treatment failure rates. In this frame, precision medicine, a paradigm that tailors medical interventions to individual characteristics, would help allocate the most adequate and effective treatment for each patient while minimizing its side effects. In particular, multi-omic studies may unveil the intricate interplays between genetic predispositions and exposure to environmental factors through the study of epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, gut microbiomics, and immunomics. The integration of the flow of multi-omic information into molecular pathways may produce better outcomes than the current psychopharmacological approach, which targets singular molecular factors mainly related to the monoamine systems, disregarding the complex network of our organism. The concept of system biomedicine involves the integration and analysis of enormous datasets generated with different technologies, creating a "patient fingerprint", which defines the underlying biological mechanisms of every patient. This review, centered on precision medicine, explores the integration of multi-omic approaches as clinical tools for prediction in MDD at a single-patient level. It investigates how combining the existing technologies used for diagnostic, stratification, prognostic, and treatment-response biomarkers discovery with artificial intelligence can improve the assessment and treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Stolfi
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Hugo Abreu
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sinella
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Nembrini
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Centonze
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Virginia Landra
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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14
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Xie L, He M, Ying C, Chu H. Mechanisms of inflammation after ischemic stroke in brain-peripheral crosstalk. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1400808. [PMID: 38932932 PMCID: PMC11199882 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1400808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating disease with high morbidity, disability, and mortality, among which ischemic stroke is more common. However, there is still a lack of effective methods to improve the prognosis and reduce the incidence of its complications. At present, there is evidence that peripheral organs are involved in the inflammatory response after stroke. Moreover, the interaction between central and peripheral inflammation includes the activation of resident and peripheral immune cells, as well as the activation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, which all play an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of inflammatory response after ischemic stroke, as well as the interactions through circulatory pathways between peripheral organs (such as the gut, heart, lung and spleen) and the brain to mediate and regulate inflammation after ischemic stroke. We also propose the potential role of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs)-cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) as a brain-peripheral crosstalk lymphatic pathway in ischemic stroke. In addition, we also summarize the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xie
- Department of Critical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Critical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caidi Ying
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Haifeng Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Hristovska I, Binette AP, Kumar A, Gaiteri C, Karlsson L, Strandberg O, Janelidze S, van Westen D, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Ossenkoppele R, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Vogel JW, Hansson O. Identification of distinct and shared biomarker panels in different manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease through proteomic profiling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.10.24308599. [PMID: 38947084 PMCID: PMC11213103 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.24308599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology underlying various manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) remains obscure. Using cerebrospinal fluid proximity extension assays and co-expression network analysis of 2,943 proteins, we found common and distinct proteomic signatures between white matter lesions (WML), microbleeds and infarcts measured in 856 living patients, and validated WML-associated proteins in three additional datasets. Proteins indicative of extracellular matrix dysregulation and vascular remodeling, including ELN, POSTN, CCN2 and MMP12 were elevated across all cSVD manifestations, with MMP12 emerging as an early cSVD indicator. cSVD-associated proteins formed a co-abundance network linked to metabolism and enriched in endothelial and arterial smooth muscle cells, showing elevated levels at early disease manifestations. Later disease stages involved changes in microglial proteins, associated with longitudinal WML progression, and changes in neuronal proteins mediating WML-associated cognitive decline. These findings provide an atlas of novel cSVD biomarkers and a promising roadmap for the next generation of cSVD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hristovska
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexa Pichet Binette
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Atul Kumar
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chris Gaiteri
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Rush University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Linda Karlsson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University
- Imaging and Function, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, SciLifeLab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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16
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Kettunen P, Koistinaho J, Rolova T. Contribution of CNS and extra-CNS infections to neurodegeneration: a narrative review. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:152. [PMID: 38845026 PMCID: PMC11157808 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system infections have been suggested as a possible cause for neurodegenerative diseases, particularly sporadic cases. They trigger neuroinflammation which is considered integrally involved in neurodegenerative processes. In this review, we will look at data linking a variety of viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan infections to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and unspecified dementia. This narrative review aims to bring together a broad range of data currently supporting the involvement of central nervous system infections in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The idea that no single pathogen or pathogen group is responsible for neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed. Instead, we suggest that a wide range of susceptibility factors may make individuals differentially vulnerable to different infectious pathogens and subsequent pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinja Kettunen
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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17
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Nyúl-Tóth Á, Patai R, Csiszar A, Ungvari A, Gulej R, Mukli P, Yabluchanskiy A, Benyo Z, Sotonyi P, Prodan CI, Liotta EM, Toth P, Elahi F, Barsi P, Maurovich-Horvat P, Sorond FA, Tarantini S, Ungvari Z. Linking peripheral atherosclerosis to blood-brain barrier disruption: elucidating its role as a manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular cognitive impairment. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01194-0. [PMID: 38831182 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), contributing to the onset and progression of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). In older adults, CSVD often leads to significant pathological outcomes, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which in turn triggers neuroinflammation and white matter damage. This damage is frequently observed as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in neuroimaging studies. There is mounting evidence that older adults with atherosclerotic vascular diseases, such as peripheral artery disease, ischemic heart disease, and carotid artery stenosis, face a heightened risk of developing CSVD and VCID. This review explores the complex relationship between peripheral atherosclerosis, the pathogenesis of CSVD, and BBB disruption. It explores the continuum of vascular aging, emphasizing the shared pathomechanisms that underlie atherosclerosis in large arteries and BBB disruption in the cerebral microcirculation, exacerbating both CSVD and VCID. By reviewing current evidence, this paper discusses the impact of endothelial dysfunction, cellular senescence, inflammation, and oxidative stress on vascular and neurovascular health. This review aims to enhance understanding of these complex interactions and advocate for integrated approaches to manage vascular health, thereby mitigating the risk and progression of CSVD and VCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roland Patai
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, HUN-REN, Semmelweis University, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Sotonyi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Calin I Prodan
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Eric M Liotta
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Fanny Elahi
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Péter Barsi
- ELKH-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Maurovich-Horvat
- ELKH-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Farzaneh A Sorond
- Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Liao J, Gong L, Xu Q, Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang S, Dong J, Lin K, Liang Z, Sun Y, Mu Y, Chen Z, Lu Y, Zhang Q, Lin Z. Revolutionizing Neurocare: Biomimetic Nanodelivery Via Cell Membranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402445. [PMID: 38583077 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Brain disorders represent a significant challenge in medical science due to the formidable blood-brain barrier (BBB), which severely limits the penetration of conventional therapeutics, hindering effective treatment strategies. This review delves into the innovative realm of biomimetic nanodelivery systems, including stem cell-derived nanoghosts, tumor cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, and erythrocyte membrane-based carriers, highlighting their potential to circumvent the BBB's restrictions. By mimicking native cell properties, these nanocarriers emerge as a promising solution for enhancing drug delivery to the brain, offering a strategic advantage in overcoming the barrier's selective permeability. The unique benefits of leveraging cell membranes from various sources is evaluated and advanced technologies for fabricating cell membrane-encapsulated nanoparticles capable of masquerading as endogenous cells are examined. This enables the targeted delivery of a broad spectrum of therapeutic agents, ranging from small molecule drugs to proteins, thereby providing an innovative approach to neurocare. Further, the review contrasts the capabilities and limitations of these biomimetic nanocarriers with traditional delivery methods, underlining their potential to enable targeted, sustained, and minimally invasive treatment modalities. This review is concluded with a perspective on the clinical translation of these biomimetic systems, underscoring their transformative impact on the therapeutic landscape for intractable brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lidong Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qingqiang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junwei Dong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kerui Lin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zichao Liang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongxu Mu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Zhengju Chen
- Pooling Medical Research Institutes of 100Biotech, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Liu Q, Ba X, Han L, Yan J, Chen Z, Qin K, Tu S, Shen P. Dahuang-Wumei decoction protects against hepatic encephalopathy in mice: Behavioural, biochemical, and molecular evidence. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155419. [PMID: 38522314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbance of the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) and associated inflammatory responses are observed in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and can cause long-term complications. Dahuang-Wumei decoction (DWD) is a renowned traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a long history of clinical use and has been widely employed as an effective treatment for hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Despite its established efficacy, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of DWD have not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE The present study aimed to comprehensively explore the potential effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of DWD on HE through an integrated investigation that included both in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS In the present study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TAA) were used to establish an HE model in mice. The therapeutic effects of DWD on liver injury, fibrosis, brain injury, behaviour, and consciousness disorders were evaluated in vivo. C8-D1A and bEnd.3 cells were used to construct a BBB model in vitro. The effects of DWD on proinflammatory factor expression, BBB damage and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were detected in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Our results showed that DWD can improve liver injury and fibrosis and brain damage and inhibit neurofunctional and behavioural disorders in mice with HE. Afterwards, we found that DWD decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors and suppressed BBB disruption by increasing the levels of junction proteins in vivo and vitro. Further studies verified that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway may play a pivotal role in mediating the inhibitory effect of DWD on HE. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that DWD can treat HE by preventing BBB disruption, and the underlying mechanisms involved were associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the inhibition of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China.
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20
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Zong Y, Yang Y, Zhao J, Li L, Luo D, Hu J, Gao Y, Xie X, Shen L, Chen S, Ning L, Jiang L. Identification of key mitochondria-related genes and their relevance to the immune system linking Parkinson's disease and primary Sjögren's syndrome through integrated bioinformatics analyses. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108511. [PMID: 38677173 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are the metabolic hubs of cells, regulating energy production and antigen presentation, which are essential for activation, proliferation, and function of immune cells. Recent evidence indicates that mitochondrial antigen presentation may have an impact on diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and autoimmune diseases. However, there is limited knowledge about the mechanisms that regulate the presentation of mitochondrial antigens in these diseases. METHODS In the current study, RNA sequencing was performed on labial minor salivary gland (LSG) from 25 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and 14 non-pSS aged controls. Additionally, we obtained gene expression omnibus datasets associated with PD patients from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), ESTIMATE and Spearman correlations were conducted to explore the association between mitochondrial related genes and the immune system. Furthermore, we applied weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify hub mitochondria-related genes and investigate the correlated networks in both diseases. Single cell transcriptome analysis, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to verify the activation of the hub mitochondria-related pathway. Pearson correlations and the CIBERSORT algorithms were employed to further reveal the correlation between hub mitochondria-related pathways and immune infiltration. RESULTS The transcriptome analysis revealed the presence of overlapping mitochondria-related genes and mitochondrial DNA damage in patients with pSS and PD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), the senescence marker p53, and the inflammatory markers CD45 and Bcl-2 were found to be regionally distributed in LSGs of pSS patients. WGCNA analysis identified the STING pathway as the central mitochondria-related pathway closely associated with the immune system. Single cell analysis, IHC staining, and qRT-PCR confirmed the activation of the STING pathway. Subsequent, bioinformatic analysis revealed the proportion of infiltrating immune cells in the STING-high and STING-low groups of pSS and PD. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the association of the STING pathway with innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as functional cells, in the immune microenvironment of PD and pSS. CONCLUSION Our study uncovered a central pathway that connects mitochondrial dysfunction and the immune microenvironment in PD and pSS, potentially offering valuable insights into therapeutic targets for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zong
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianfei Xie
- Hainan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Qionghai, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linhui Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ning
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Fernández-Calvet A, Matilla-Cuenca L, Izco M, Navarro S, Serrano M, Ventura S, Blesa J, Herráiz M, Alkorta-Aranburu G, Galera S, Ruiz de Los Mozos I, Mansego ML, Toledo-Arana A, Alvarez-Erviti L, Valle J. Gut microbiota produces biofilm-associated amyloids with potential for neurodegeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4150. [PMID: 38755164 PMCID: PMC11099085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative diseases involving amyloid aggregation remain one of the biggest challenges of modern medicine. Alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiome play an active role in the aetiology of neurological disorders. Here, we dissect the amyloidogenic properties of biofilm-associated proteins (BAPs) of the gut microbiota and their implications for synucleinopathies. We demonstrate that BAPs are naturally assembled as amyloid-like fibrils in insoluble fractions isolated from the human gut microbiota. We show that BAP genes are part of the accessory genomes, revealing microbiome variability. Remarkably, the abundance of certain BAP genes in the gut microbiome is correlated with Parkinson's disease (PD) incidence. Using cultured dopaminergic neurons and Caenorhabditis elegans models, we report that BAP-derived amyloids induce α-synuclein aggregation. Our results show that the chaperone-mediated autophagy is compromised by BAP amyloids. Indeed, inoculation of BAP fibrils into the brains of wild-type mice promote key pathological features of PD. Therefore, our findings establish the use of BAP amyloids as potential targets and biomarkers of α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Fernández-Calvet
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IDAB). CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva, 31192, Spain
| | - Leticia Matilla-Cuenca
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IDAB). CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva, 31192, Spain
| | - María Izco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Susanna Navarro
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miriam Serrano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IDAB). CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva, 31192, Spain
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Javier Blesa
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maite Herráiz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clínica Universitaria and Medical School, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gorka Alkorta-Aranburu
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIMA LAB Diagnostics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Galera
- Department of Personalized Medicine, NASERTIC, Government of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - María Luisa Mansego
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Toledo-Arana
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IDAB). CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva, 31192, Spain
| | - Lydia Alvarez-Erviti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Jaione Valle
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IDAB). CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, Mutilva, 31192, Spain.
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22
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Varghese SM, Patel S, Nandan A, Jose A, Ghosh S, Sah RK, Menon B, K V A, Chakravarty S. Unraveling the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Depression: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04205-5. [PMID: 38730081 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a highly prevalent psychological disorder characterized by persistent dysphoria, psychomotor retardation, insomnia, anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and a remarkable decrease in overall well-being. Despite the prevalence of accessible antidepressant therapies, many individuals do not achieve substantial improvement. Understanding the multifactorial pathophysiology and the heterogeneous nature of the disorder could lead the way toward better outcomes. Recent findings have elucidated the substantial impact of compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity on the manifestation of depression. BBB functions as an indispensable defense mechanism, tightly overseeing the transport of molecules from the periphery to preserve the integrity of the brain parenchyma. The dysfunction of the BBB has been implicated in a multitude of neurological disorders, and its disruption and consequent brain alterations could potentially serve as important factors in the pathogenesis and progression of depression. In this review, we extensively examine the pathophysiological relevance of the BBB and delve into the specific modifications of its components that underlie the complexities of depression. A particular focus has been placed on examining the effects of peripheral inflammation on the BBB in depression and elucidating the intricate interactions between the gut, BBB, and brain. Furthermore, this review encompasses significant updates on the assessment of BBB integrity and permeability, providing a comprehensive overview of the topic. Finally, we outline the therapeutic relevance and strategies based on BBB in depression, including COVID-19-associated BBB disruption and neuropsychiatric implications. Understanding the comprehensive pathogenic cascade of depression is crucial for shaping the trajectory of future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamili Mariya Varghese
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India
| | - Shashikant Patel
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Amritasree Nandan
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India
| | - Anju Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ranjay Kumar Sah
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India
| | - Bindu Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India
| | - Athira K V
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682 041, India.
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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23
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Michalczyk A, Tyburski E, Podwalski P, Waszczuk K, Rudkowski K, Kucharska-Mazur J, Mak M, Rek-Owodziń K, Plichta P, Bielecki M, Andrusewicz W, Cecerska-Heryć E, Samochowiec A, Misiak B, Sagan L, Samochowiec J. Greater methylation of the IL-6 promoter region is associated with decreased integrity of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:108-117. [PMID: 38728913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is associated with chronic subclinical inflammation and decreased integrity of the corpus callosum (CC). Our previous study showed associations between peripheral IL-6 levels and the integrity of the CC. Epigenetic studies show associations between methylation of the genes related to immunological processes and integrity of the CC. AIM To investigate correlations between methylation status of IL-6 promotor and peripheral IL-6 levels and the integrity of the CC in schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS The participants were 29 chronic schizophrenia patients (SCH) and 29 controls. Decreased integrity of the CC was understood as increased mean diffusivity (MD) and/or decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in diffusion tensor imaging. Peripheral IL-6 concentrations were measured in serum samples and IL-6 promoter methylation status of 6 CpG sites was analyzed in peripheral leukocytes by pyrosequencing. RESULTS Moderate positive correlations were found between CpG1 methylation and the MD of proximal regions of the CC (CCR1-CCR3) and between CpGmean and MD of CCR1 in SCH. Weaker positive correlations were found for CpGmean with CCR2 and CCR3 and negative correlations were found for CpG1 and FA of CCR3 in SCH. Multivariate regression showed that methylation of CpG1, type of antipsychotic treatment, and their interaction were significant independent predictors of MD of CCR1 in SCH. Methylation of CpG2 was negatively correlated with serum IL-6 in SCH. CONCLUSIONS The methylation level of the IL-6 promotor region in peripheral leukocytes is associated with the integrity of the CC in schizophrenia and this association may depend on the type of antipsychotic treatment. Further studies are necessary to explain the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Michalczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Ernest Tyburski
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Podwalski
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Waszczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Mak
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Plichta
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maksymilian Bielecki
- Department of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Leszek Sagan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
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24
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You Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Li X, Li X, Ma X. Exploring the potential relationship between short sleep risks and cognitive function from the perspective of inflammatory biomarkers and cellular pathways: Insights from population-based and mice studies. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14783. [PMID: 38797980 PMCID: PMC11128714 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The molecular mechanism of short-sleep conditions on cognition remains largely unknown. This research aimed to investigate associations between short sleep, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive function in the US population (NHANES data 2011-2014) and explore cellular mechanisms in mice. METHODS Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was calculated using blood-cell based biomarkers. Further, we employed integrated bioinformatics and single-cell transcriptomics (GSE137665) to examine how short sleep exposure influenced the molecular pathways associated with inflammation in the brain. To explore the signaling pathways and biological processes of sleep deprivation, we carried out enrichment analyses utilizing the GO and KEGG databases. RESULTS Population results showed that, compared with normal sleep group, severe short sleep was associated with lower cognitive ability in all the four tests. Moreover, a higher SII level was correlated with lower scores of cognitive tests. In mice study, elevated activation of the inflammatory pathway was observed in cell subgroups of neurons within the sleep deprivation and recovery sleep cohorts. Additionally, heightened expression of oxidative stress and integrated stress response pathways was noted in GABAergic neurons during sleep deprivation. CONCLUSION This study contributed to the understanding of the influence of short sleep on cognitive function and its cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science & Physical EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryFuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xingtian Li
- Division of Sports Science & Physical EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinming Li
- Division of Sports Science & Physical EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science & Physical EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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25
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Moghazy HM, Abdelhaliem NG, Mohammed SA, Hassan A, Abdelrahman A. Liraglutide versus pramlintide in protecting against cognitive function impairment through affecting PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/TTBK1 pathway and decreasing Tau hyperphosphorylation in high-fat diet- streptozocin rat model. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:779-795. [PMID: 38536493 PMCID: PMC11033245 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association guidelines (2021) confirmed the importance of raising public awareness of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment, highlighting the links between poor glycemic control and cognitive impairment. The characteristic brain lesions of cognitive dysfunction are neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques formed of amyloid-β deposition, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and highly homologous kinase tau tubulin kinase 1 (TTBK1) can phosphorylate Tau proteins at different sites, overexpression of these enzymes produces extensive phosphorylation of Tau proteins making them insoluble and enhance NFT formation, which impairs cognitive functions. The current study aimed to investigate the potential contribution of liraglutide and pramlintide in the prevention of diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction and their effect on the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/TTBK1 pathway in type 2 diabetic (T2D) rat model. T2D was induced by administration of a high-fat diet for 10 weeks, then injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ); treatment was started with either pramlintide (200 μg/kg/day sc) or liraglutide (0.6 mg/kg/day sc) for 6 weeks in addition to the HFD. At the end of the study, cognitive functions were assessed by novel object recognition and T-maze tests. Then, rats were sacrificed for biochemical and histological assessment of the hippocampal tissue. Both pramlintide and liraglutide treatment revealed equally adequate control of diabetes, prevented the decline in memory function, and increased PI3K/AKT expression while decreasing GSK-3β/TTBK1 expression; however, liraglutide significantly decreased the number of Tau positive cells better than pramlintide did. This study confirmed that pramlintide and liraglutide are promising antidiabetic medications that could prevent associated cognitive disorders in different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda M Moghazy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | | | | | - Asmaa Hassan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdelrahman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
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Zhou A, Kong D, Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Ning X. Bioengineered Neutrophils for Smart Response in Brain Infection Management. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311661. [PMID: 38252744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Brain infections, frequently accompanied by significant inflammation, necessitate comprehensive therapeutic approaches targeting both infections and associated inflammation. A major impediment to such combined treatment is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which significantly restricts therapeutic agents from achieving effective concentrations within the central nervous system. Here, a neutrophil-centric dual-responsive delivery system, coined "CellUs," is pioneered. This system is characterized by live neutrophils enveloping liposomes of dexamethasone, ceftriaxone, and oxygen-saturated perfluorocarbon (Lipo@D/C/P). CellUs is meticulously engineered to co-deliver antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and oxygen, embodying a comprehensive strategy against brain infections. CellUs leverages the intrinsic abilities of neutrophils to navigate through BBB, accurately target infection sites, and synchronize the release of Lipo@D/C/P with local inflammatory signals. Notably, the incorporation of ultrasound-responsive perfluorocarbon within Lipo@D/C/P ensures the on-demand release of therapeutic agents at the afflicted regions. CellUs shows considerable promise in treating Staphylococcus aureus infections in mice with meningitis, particularly when combined with ultrasound treatments. It effectively penetrates BBB, significantly eliminates bacteria, reduces inflammation, and delivers oxygen to the affected brain tissue, resulting in a substantial improvement in survival rates. Consequently, CellUs harnesses the natural chemotactic properties of neutrophils and offers an innovative pathway to improve treatment effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Delian Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211000, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211000, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Junrong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211000, China
| | - Yurui Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xinghai Ning
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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27
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Wei C, Jiang W, Wang R, Zhong H, He H, Gao X, Zhong S, Yu F, Guo Q, Zhang L, Schiffelers LDJ, Zhou B, Trepel M, Schmidt FI, Luo M, Shao F. Brain endothelial GSDMD activation mediates inflammatory BBB breakdown. Nature 2024; 629:893-900. [PMID: 38632402 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the central nervous system from infections or harmful substances1; its impairment can lead to or exacerbate various diseases of the central nervous system2-4. However, the mechanisms of BBB disruption during infection and inflammatory conditions5,6 remain poorly defined. Here we find that activation of the pore-forming protein GSDMD by the cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) sensor caspase-11 (refs. 7-9), but not by TLR4-induced cytokines, mediates BBB breakdown in response to circulating LPS or during LPS-induced sepsis. Mice deficient in the LBP-CD14 LPS transfer and internalization pathway10-12 resist BBB disruption. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis reveals that brain endothelial cells (bECs), which express high levels of GSDMD, have a prominent response to circulating LPS. LPS acting on bECs primes Casp11 and Cd14 expression and induces GSDMD-mediated plasma membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis in vitro and in mice. Electron microscopy shows that this features ultrastructural changes in the disrupted BBB, including pyroptotic endothelia, abnormal appearance of tight junctions and vasculature detachment from the basement membrane. Comprehensive mouse genetic analyses, combined with a bEC-targeting adeno-associated virus system, establish that GSDMD activation in bECs underlies BBB disruption by LPS. Delivery of active GSDMD into bECs bypasses LPS stimulation and opens the BBB. In CASP4-humanized mice, Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae infection disrupts the BBB; this is blocked by expression of a GSDMD-neutralizing nanobody in bECs. Our findings outline a mechanism for inflammatory BBB breakdown, and suggest potential therapies for diseases of the central nervous system associated with BBB impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Pyroptosis and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Zhong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huabin He
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Pyroptosis and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shilin Zhong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Yu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingchun Guo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lisa D J Schiffelers
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bin Zhou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Martin Trepel
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Florian I Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Minmin Luo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, P. R. China.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Research Unit of Medical Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Research Unit of Pyroptosis and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, P. R. China.
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28
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Lim YA, Tan LS, Lee WT, Sim WL, Lv Y, Takakuni M, Saito S, Ihara M, Arumugam TV, Chen C, Wong FWS, Dawe GS. Hope for vascular cognitive impairment: Ac-YVAD-cmk as a novel treatment against white matter rarefaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299703. [PMID: 38630707 PMCID: PMC11023579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second leading cause of dementia with limited treatment options, characterised by cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter rarefaction (WMR). Subcortical VCI is the most common form of VCI, but the underlying reasons for region susceptibility remain elusive. Recent studies employing the bilateral cortical artery stenosis (BCAS) method demonstrate that various inflammasomes regulate white matter injury and blood-brain barrier dysfunction but whether caspase-1 inhibition will be beneficial remains unclear. To address this, we performed BCAS on C57/BL6 mice to study the effects of Ac-YVAD-cmk, a caspase-1 inhibitor, on the subcortical and cortical regions. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), WMR, neuroinflammation and the expression of tight junction-related proteins associated with blood-brain barrier integrity were assessed 15 days post BCAS. We observed that Ac-YVAD-cmk restored CBF, attenuated BCAS-induced WMR and restored subcortical myelin expression. Within the subcortical region, BCAS activated the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1beta axis only within the subcortical region, which was attenuated by Ac-YVAD-cmk. Although we observed that BCAS induced significant increases in VCAM-1 expression in both brain regions that were attenuated with Ac-YVAD-cmk, only ZO-1 and occludin were observed to be significantly altered in the subcortical region. Here we show that caspase-1 may contribute to subcortical regional susceptibility in a mouse model of VCI. In addition, our results support further investigations into the potential of Ac-YVAD-cmk as a novel treatment strategy against subcortical VCI and other conditions exhibiting cerebral hypoperfusion-induced WMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-An Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Si Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Thye Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Liang Sim
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maki Takakuni
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fred Wai-Shiu Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Stewart Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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29
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Liu C, Cárdenas-Rivera A, Teitelbaum S, Birmingham A, Alfadhel M, Yaseen MA. Neuroinflammation increases oxygen extraction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:78. [PMID: 38600598 PMCID: PMC11005245 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation, impaired metabolism, and hypoperfusion are fundamental pathological hallmarks of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous studies have asserted a close association between neuroinflammation and disrupted cerebral energetics. During AD progression and other neurodegenerative disorders, a persistent state of chronic neuroinflammation reportedly exacerbates cytotoxicity and potentiates neuronal death. Here, we assessed the impact of a neuroinflammatory challenge on metabolic demand and microvascular hemodynamics in the somatosensory cortex of an AD mouse model. METHODS We utilized in vivo 2-photon microscopy and the phosphorescent oxygen sensor Oxyphor 2P to measure partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and capillary red blood cell flux in cortical microvessels of awake mice. Intravascular pO2 and capillary RBC flux measurements were performed in 8-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice and wildtype littermates on days 0, 7, and 14 of a 14-day period of lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. RESULTS Before the induced inflammatory challenge, AD mice demonstrated reduced metabolic demand but similar capillary red blood cell flux as their wild type counterparts. Neuroinflammation provoked significant reductions in cerebral intravascular oxygen levels and elevated oxygen extraction in both animal groups, without significantly altering red blood cell flux in capillaries. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that neuroinflammation alters cerebral oxygen demand at the early stages of AD without substantially altering vascular oxygen supply. The results will guide our understanding of neuroinflammation's influence on neuroimaging biomarkers for early AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Shayna Teitelbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Austin Birmingham
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed Alfadhel
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohammad A Yaseen
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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30
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Gu W, Luozhong S, Cai S, Londhe K, Elkasri N, Hawkins R, Yuan Z, Su-Greene K, Yin Y, Cruz M, Chang YW, McMullen P, Wu C, Seo C, Guru A, Gao W, Sarmiento T, Schaffer C, Nishimura N, Cerione R, Yu Q, Warden M, Langer R, Jiang S. Extracellular vesicles incorporating retrovirus-like capsids for the enhanced packaging and systemic delivery of mRNA into neurons. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:415-426. [PMID: 38374224 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the systemic delivery of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into diseased neurons. Although leucocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can cross the BBB at inflammatory sites, it is difficult to efficiently load long mRNAs into the EVs and to enhance their neuronal uptake. Here we show that the packaging of mRNA into leucocyte-derived EVs and the endocytosis of the EVs by neurons can be enhanced by engineering leucocytes to produce EVs that incorporate retrovirus-like mRNA-packaging capsids. We transfected immortalized and primary bone-marrow-derived leucocytes with DNA or RNA encoding the capsid-forming activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated (Arc) protein as well as capsid-stabilizing Arc 5'-untranslated-region RNA elements. These engineered EVs inherit endothelial adhesion molecules from donor leukocytes, recruit endogenous enveloping proteins to their surface, cross the BBB, and enter the neurons in neuro-inflammatory sites. Produced from self-derived donor leukocytes, the EVs are immunologically inert, and enhanced the neuronal uptake of the packaged mRNA in a mouse model of low-grade chronic neuro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Gu
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sijin Luozhong
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Simian Cai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ketaki Londhe
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Nadine Elkasri
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Robert Hawkins
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhefan Yuan
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kai Su-Greene
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yujie Yin
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Cruz
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Patrick McMullen
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Changwoo Seo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Akash Guru
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wenting Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tara Sarmiento
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chris Schaffer
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Richard Cerione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Qiuming Yu
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Warden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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31
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Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN, Busse PJ. Systemic Inflammation in Asthma: What Are the Risks and Impacts Outside the Airway? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:849-862. [PMID: 38355013 PMCID: PMC11219096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Airway inflammation in asthma has been well recognized for several decades, with general agreement on its role in asthma pathogenesis, symptoms, propensity toward exacerbation, and decline in lung function. This has led to universal recommendation in asthma management guidelines to incorporate the use of inhaled corticosteroid as an anti-inflammatory therapy for all patients with persistent asthma symptoms. However, there has been limited attention paid to the presence and potential impact of systemic inflammation in asthma. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological observations and cohort studies points to a host of downstream organ dysfunction in asthma especially among patients with longstanding or more severe disease, frequent exacerbations, and underlying risk factors for organ dysfunction. Most studies to date have focused on cognitive impairment, depression/anxiety, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular abnormalities. In this review, we summarize some of the evidence demonstrating these abnormalities and highlight the proposed mechanisms and potential benefits of treatment in limiting these extrapulmonary abnormalities in patients with asthma. The goal of this commentary is to raise awareness of the importance of recognizing potential extrapulmonary conditions associated with systemic inflammation of asthma. This area of treatment of patients with asthma is a large unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Paula J Busse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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32
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Balczon R, Lin MT, Voth S, Nelson AR, Schupp JC, Wagener BM, Pittet JF, Stevens T. Lung endothelium, tau, and amyloids in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:533-587. [PMID: 37561137 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelia in the arteries, capillaries, and veins are heterogeneous in structure and function. Lung capillaries in particular represent a unique vascular niche, with a thin yet highly restrictive alveolar-capillary barrier that optimizes gas exchange. Capillary endothelium surveys the blood while simultaneously interpreting cues initiated within the alveolus and communicated via immediately adjacent type I and type II epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. This cell-cell communication is necessary to coordinate the immune response to lower respiratory tract infection. Recent discoveries identify an important role for the microtubule-associated protein tau that is expressed in lung capillary endothelia in the host-pathogen interaction. This endothelial tau stabilizes microtubules necessary for barrier integrity, yet infection drives production of cytotoxic tau variants that are released into the airways and circulation, where they contribute to end-organ dysfunction. Similarly, beta-amyloid is produced during infection. Beta-amyloid has antimicrobial activity, but during infection it can acquire cytotoxic activity that is deleterious to the host. The production and function of these cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are the subject of this review. Lung-derived cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are a recently discovered mechanism of end-organ dysfunction, including neurocognitive dysfunction, during and in the aftermath of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Balczon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Mike T Lin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Sarah Voth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, Louisiana, United States
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
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33
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Zeng J, Liao Z, Yang H, Wang Q, Wu Z, Hua F, Zhou Z. T cell infiltration mediates neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106461. [PMID: 38437992 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with pathological features of β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein accumulation in the brain, often accompanied by cognitive decline. So far, our understanding of the extent and role of adaptive immune responses in AD has been quite limited. T cells, as essential members of the adaptive immune system, exhibit quantitative and functional abnormalities in the brains of AD patients. Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD is considered one of the factors leading to T cell infiltration. Moreover, the degree of neuronal loss in AD is correlated with the quantity of T cells. We first describe the differentiation and subset functions of peripheral T cells in AD patients and provide an overview of the key findings related to BBB dysfunction and how T cells infiltrate the brain parenchyma through the BBB. Furthermore, we emphasize the risk factors associated with AD, including Aβ, Tau protein, microglial cells, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and neuroinflammation. We discuss their regulation of T cell activation and proliferation, as well as the connection between T cells, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. Understanding the innate immune response is crucial for providing comprehensive personalized therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hanqin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Bakhtazad S, Ghotbeddin Z, Tabandeh MR, Rahimi K. Alpha-pinene ameliorate behavioral deficit induced by early postnatal hypoxia in the rat: study the inflammatory mechanism. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6416. [PMID: 38494527 PMCID: PMC10944845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia has a negative impact on the developing brain during the sensitive period. Inflammation plays a key role in the physiological response to hypoxic stress. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of alpha-pinene, which has received a lot of attention in recent years, in this research we focused on the impact of alpha-pinene on the behavioral responses and proinflammatory factors in rats subjected to the neonatal hypoxia. This study involved Wistar rats (7-day-old) that were divided into six experimental groups, including a control group, groups receiving different doses of alpha-pinene (5 and 10 mg/kg), a hypoxia group receiving 7% O2 and 93% N2, 90 min duration for 7 days, and groups receiving alpha-pinene 30 min before hypoxia. All injections were done intraperitoneally. The rats were evaluated for proinflammatory factors 24 h after exposure to hypoxia (PND14) and at the end of the behavioral test (PND54). The results showed that hypoxia led to decreased motor activity, coordination, and memory, as well as increased inflammation. However, the rats that received alpha-pinene showed improved behavioral responses and reduced inflammation compared to the hypoxia group (all cases p < 0.05). This suggests that alpha-pinene may have a protective effect via anti-inflammatory properties against the negative impacts of hypoxia on the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharareh Bakhtazad
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Ghotbeddin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Umoh IO, Dos Reis HJ, de Oliveira ACP. Molecular Mechanisms Linking Osteoarthritis and Alzheimer's Disease: Shared Pathways, Mechanisms and Breakthrough Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3044. [PMID: 38474288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease mostly affecting the elderly population. It is characterized by cognitive decline that occurs due to impaired neurotransmission and neuronal death. Even though deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and aggregation of hyperphosphorylated TAU have been established as major pathological hallmarks of the disease, other factors such as the interaction of genetic and environmental factors are believed to contribute to the development and progression of AD. In general, patients initially present mild forgetfulness and difficulty in forming new memories. As it progresses, there are significant impairments in problem solving, social interaction, speech and overall cognitive function of the affected individual. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most recurrent form of arthritis and widely acknowledged as a whole-joint disease, distinguished by progressive degeneration and erosion of joint cartilage accompanying synovitis and subchondral bone changes that can prompt peripheral inflammatory responses. Also predominantly affecting the elderly, OA frequently embroils weight-bearing joints such as the knees, spine and hips leading to pains, stiffness and diminished joint mobility, which in turn significantly impacts the patient's standard of life. Both infirmities can co-occur in older adults as a result of independent factors, as multiple health conditions are common in old age. Additionally, risk factors such as genetics, lifestyle changes, age and chronic inflammation may contribute to both conditions in some individuals. Besides localized peripheral low-grade inflammation, it is notable that low-grade systemic inflammation prompted by OA can play a role in AD pathogenesis. Studies have explored relationships between systemic inflammatory-associated diseases like obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and AD. Given that AD is the most common form of dementia and shares similar risk factors with OA-both being age-related and low-grade inflammatory-associated diseases, OA may indeed serve as a risk factor for AD. This work aims to review literature on molecular mechanisms linking OA and AD pathologies, and explore potential connections between these conditions alongside future prospects and innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idiongo Okon Umoh
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Helton Jose Dos Reis
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
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Eltayeb A, Al-Sarraj F, Alharbi M, Albiheyri R, Mattar EH, Abu Zeid IM, Bouback TA, Bamagoos A, Uversky VN, Rubio-Casillas A, Redwan EM. Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: IV. Hypothetical roles of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and its liquid-liquid phase separation. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30530. [PMID: 38349116 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
When the SARS-CoV-2 virus infects humans, it leads to a condition called COVID-19 that has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from no symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The virus initiates damage by attaching to the ACE-2 protein on the surface of endothelial cells that line the blood vessels and using these cells as hosts for replication. Reactive oxygen species levels are increased during viral replication, which leads to oxidative stress. About three-fifths (~60%) of the people who get infected with the virus eradicate it from their body after 28 days and recover their normal activity. However, a large fraction (~40%) of the people who are infected with the virus suffer from various symptoms (anosmia and/or ageusia, fatigue, cough, myalgia, cognitive impairment, insomnia, dyspnea, and tachycardia) beyond 12 weeks and are diagnosed with a syndrome called long COVID. Long-term clinical studies in a group of people who contracted SARS-CoV-2 have been contrasted with a noninfected matched group of people. A subset of infected people can be distinguished by a set of cytokine markers to have persistent, low-grade inflammation and often self-report two or more bothersome symptoms. No medication can alleviate their symptoms efficiently. Coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins have been investigated extensively as potential drug targets due to their key roles in virus replication, among which is their ability to bind their respective genomic RNAs for incorporation into emerging virions. This review highlights basic studies of the nucleocapsid protein and its ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. We hypothesize that this ability of the nucleocapsid protein for phase separation may contribute to long COVID. This hypothesis unlocks new investigation angles and could potentially open novel avenues for a better understanding of long COVID and treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eltayeb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al-Sarraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alharbi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab H Mattar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam M Abu Zeid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer A Bouback
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alberto Rubio-Casillas
- Autlan Regional Hospital, Health Secretariat, Autlan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Biology Laboratory, Autlan Regional Preparatory School, University of Guadalajara, Autlan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang X, Perry RJ. Metabolic underpinnings of cancer-related fatigue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E290-E307. [PMID: 38294698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00378.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most prevalent and detrimental complications of cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with CRF occurrence and severity in cancer patients and survivors. In this narrative review, we analyzed recent studies including both preclinical and clinical research on the relationship between obesity and/or insulin resistance and CRF. We also describe potential mechanisms for these relationships, though with the caveat that because the mechanisms underlying CRF are incompletely understood, the mechanisms mediating the association between obesity/insulin resistance and CRF are similarly incompletely delineated. The data suggest that, in addition to their effects to worsen CRF by directly promoting tumor growth and metastasis, obesity and insulin resistance may also contribute to CRF by inducing chronic inflammation, neuroendocrinological disturbance, and metabolic alterations. Furthermore, studies suggest that patients with obesity and insulin resistance experience more cancer-induced pain and are at more risk of emotional and behavioral disruptions correlated with CRF. However, other studies implied a potentially paradoxical impact of obesity and insulin resistance to reduce CRF symptoms. Despite the need for further investigation utilizing interventions to directly elucidate the mechanisms of cancer-related fatigue, current evidence demonstrates a correlation between obesity and/or insulin resistance and CRF, and suggests potential therapeutics for CRF by targeting obesity and/or obesity-related mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Departments of Cellular & Molecular Physiology and Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Departments of Cellular & Molecular Physiology and Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
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Han S, Ji W, Duan G, Chen S, Yang H, Jin Y. Emerging concerns of blood-brain barrier dysfunction caused by neurotropic enteroviral infections. Virology 2024; 591:109989. [PMID: 38219371 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.109989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs), comprise a genus in the Picornaviridae family, which have been shown to be neurotropic and can cause various neurological disorders or long-term neurological condition, placing a huge burden on society and families. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective barrier that prevents dangerous substances from entering the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, numerous EVs have been demonstrated to have the ability to disrupt BBB, and further lead to severe neurological damage. However, the precise mechanisms of BBB disruption associated with these EVs remain largely unknown. In this Review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of BBB dysfunction caused by EVs, emphasizing the invasiveness of enterovirus A71 (EVA71), which will provide a research direction for further treatment and prevention of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Han
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wangquan Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuefei Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Petakh P, Oksenych V, Kamyshna I, Boisak I, Lyubomirskaya K, Kamyshnyi O. Exploring the complex interplay: gut microbiome, stress, and leptospirosis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345684. [PMID: 38476949 PMCID: PMC10927737 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis, a re-emerging zoonotic disease, remains a significant global health concern, especially amid floods and disasters such as the Kakhovka Dam destruction. As is known, the stress that occurs in the conditions of military conflicts among civilian and military personnel significantly affects susceptibility to infectious diseases and possibly even influences their course. This review aims to explore how the gut microbiome and stress mediators (such as catecholamines and corticosteroids) might impact the leptospirosis disease course. The review opens new horizons for research by elucidating the connections between the gut microbiome, stress, and leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Petakh
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Iryna Kamyshna
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Boisak
- Department of Childhood Diseases, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Katerina Lyubomirskaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceuticals University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
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Lee HL, Kim JM, Go MJ, Lee HS, Kim JH, Heo HJ. Fermented Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae Improves Neurotoxicity in Chronic Ethanol-Induced-Dementia Mice via Suppressing AKT and NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2629. [PMID: 38473876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was investigated to examine the neuroprotective effect of fermented Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (FPB) in ethanol-induced-dementia mice. Consumption of FPB by mice resulted in improved memory dysfunction in the Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. FPB significantly decreased oxidative stress by regulating levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain tissues. In addition, FPB restored cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction by modulating levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP. In addition, FPB enhanced the cholinergic system via the regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) content, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and expressions of AChE and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in brain tissues. FPB ameliorated neuronal apoptosis through modulation of the protein kinase B (AKT)/B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 signaling pathway. Also, FPB improved inflammation response by down-regulating the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. Additionally, FPB ameliorated synaptic plasticity via the increase of the expressions of synaptophysin (SYP), postsynaptic density protein (PSD)-95, and growth-associated protein (GAP)-43. Treatment with FPB also reinforced the blood-brain barrier by increasing tight junctions including zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occludin, and claudin-1. In conclusion, these results show that FPB can improve cognitive impairment via AKT/NF-κB pathways in ethanol-induced-dementia mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Lim Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Go
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Su Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hui Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Takada R, Toritsuka M, Yamauchi T, Ishida R, Kayashima Y, Nishi Y, Ishikawa M, Yamamuro K, Ikehara M, Komori T, Noriyama Y, Kamikawa K, Saito Y, Okano H, Makinodan M. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mol Autism 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38383466 PMCID: PMC10882766 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-024-00589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ASD has been reported. These cytokine expression levels are associated with the severity of behavioral impairments and symptoms in ASD. In a prior study, our group reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages (GM-CSF MΦ) and the TNF-α expression ratio in GM-CSF MΦ/M-CSF MΦ (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages) was markedly higher in individuals with ASD than in typically developed (TD) individuals. However, the mechanisms of how the macrophages and the highly expressed cytokines affect neurons remain to be addressed. METHODS To elucidate the effect of macrophages on human neurons, we used a co-culture system of control human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and differentiated macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of five TD individuals and five individuals with ASD. All participants were male and ethnically Japanese. RESULTS Our results of co-culture experiments showed that GM-CSF MΦ affect the dendritic outgrowth of neurons through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1α and TNF-α. Macrophages derived from individuals with ASD exerted more severe effects than those derived from TD individuals. LIMITATIONS The main limitations of our study were the small sample size with a gender bias toward males, the use of artificially polarized macrophages, and the inability to directly observe the interaction between neurons and macrophages from the same individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our co-culture system revealed the non-cell autonomous adverse effects of GM-CSF MΦ in individuals with ASD on neurons, mediated by interleukin-1α and TNF-α. These results may support the immune dysfunction hypothesis of ASD, providing new insights into its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Minobu Ikehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Noriyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
- Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-16-21 Miyanosaka, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-0022, Japan
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Qin X, Nong K, Liu Z, Fang X, Zhang B, Chen W, Wang Z, Wu Y, Shi H, Wang X, Zhang H. Regulation of the intestinal flora using polysaccharides from Callicarpa nudiflora Hook to alleviate ulcerative colitis and the molecular mechanisms involved. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128887. [PMID: 38118262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that cannot be completely cured by current treatments. C. nudiflora Hook has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic biological functions; however, the therapeutic role of C. nudiflora Hook or its extracts in IBD remains poorly understood. In this study, we extracted and purified three fractions of C. nudiflora Hook polysaccharides by hydroalcohol precipitation method, which were named as CNLP-1, CNLP-2 and CNLP-3, respectively. CNLP-2, the main component of the polysaccharides of C. nudiflora Hook is an pyranose type acidic polysaccharide composed of Fuc, Rha, Ara, Gal, Glc, Xyl, Man, Gal-UA and Glc-UA, with an Mn of 15.624 kDa; Mw of 31.375 kDa. CNLP-2 was found to have a smooth lamellar structure as observed by scanning electron microscopy. To investigate the effect of CNLP-2 (abbreviated to CNLP) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mice and its mechanism of action, we treated DSS-induced UC mice by administering CNLP at a dose of 100 mg/kg every other day. The results of the study showed that CNLP alleviated the clinical symptoms such as body weight (BW) loss, pathological damage, and systemic inflammation. The mechanism may be through the regulation of intestinal flora and its metabolism, which in turn affects the expression of NF-κB/MAPK pathway-related proteins through the metabolites of intestinal flora to further alleviate inflammation and ultimately improve the intestinal barrier function in UC mice. In conclusion, CNLP has great potential for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Qin
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Keyi Nong
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhineng Liu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xin Fang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wanyan Chen
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yijia Wu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huiyu Shi
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Tamayo JM, Osman HC, Schwartzer JJ, Ashwood P. The influence of asthma on neuroinflammation and neurodevelopment: From epidemiology to basic models. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:218-228. [PMID: 38070621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a highly heterogeneous inflammatory disease that can have a significant effect on both the respiratory system and central nervous system. Population based studies and animal models have found asthma to be comorbid with a number of neurological conditions, including depression, anxiety, and neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, maternal asthma during pregnancy has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring, such as autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this article, we review the most current epidemiological studies of asthma that identify links to neurological conditions, both as it relates to individuals that suffer from asthma and the impacts asthma during pregnancy may have on offspring neurodevelopment. We also discuss the relevant animal models investigating these links, address the gaps in knowledge, and explore the potential future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Tamayo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Hadley C Osman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jared J Schwartzer
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA
| | - Paul Ashwood
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA.
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Yuan X, Wan L, Chen Z, Long Z, Chen D, Liu P, Fu Y, Zhu S, Peng L, Qiu R, Tang B, Jiang H. Peripheral Inflammatory and Immune Landscape in Multiple System Atrophy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mov Disord 2024; 39:391-399. [PMID: 38155513 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation might contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple systemic atrophy (MSA). However, specific alterations in the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To determine the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA and their potential value as biomarkers for facilitating clinical diagnosis and monitoring disease severity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 235, 240, and 235 patients with MSA, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls (HCs), respectively. Inflammatory and immune parameters were measured in peripheral blood, differences between groups were assessed, and clusters were analyzed. Associations between the parameters and clinical characteristics of MSA were assessed using Spearman and partial correlation analyses. RESULTS Significant differences were observed especially in monocytes, neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPV) between MSA patients and HCs (P < 0.01). Monocytes and uric acid (UA) levels were also significantly different between the MSA and PD patients (P < 0.05). The combination of NLR and MPV distinguished MSA-P patients from HCs (areas under the curve = 0.824). In addition, complement components C4 and C3 were significantly correlated with the Scale Outcomes in PD for Autonomic Symptoms and Wexner scale, whereas immunoglobulin G (IgG) was significantly correlated with scores of Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In MSA patients, monocytes, NLR and MPV might serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers, whereas MLR, C3, C4, and IgG significantly correlate with disease severity. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linlin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daji Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Panyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You Fu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sudan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linliu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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45
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Kong H, Xu T, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li M, Qu S, Li Q, Gao P, Cong Z. The molecular mechanism of polysaccharides in combating major depressive disorder: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129067. [PMID: 38163510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition with diverse etiological factors. Typical pathological features include decreased cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, and grey matter volumes, as well as monoamine transmitter dysregulation. Although medications exist to treat MDD, unmet needs persist due to limited efficacy, induced side effects, and relapse upon drug withdrawal. Polysaccharides offer promising new therapies for MDD, demonstrating antidepressant effects with minimal side effects and multiple targets. These include neurotransmitter, neurotrophin, neuroinflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and intestinal flora regulation. This review explores the latest advancements in understanding the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of polysaccharides in treating major depression. We discuss the impact of polysaccharides' diverse structures and properties on their pharmacological actions, aiming to inspire new research directions and facilitate the discovery of novel anti-depressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Tianren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Suyan Qu
- Tai 'an Taishan District People's Hospital, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, China.
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46
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Fong H, Zhou B, Feng H, Luo C, Bai B, Zhang J, Wang Y. Recapitulation of Structure-Function-Regulation of Blood-Brain Barrier under (Patho)Physiological Conditions. Cells 2024; 13:260. [PMID: 38334652 PMCID: PMC10854731 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a remarkable and intricate barrier that controls the exchange of molecules between the bloodstream and the brain. Its role in maintaining the stability of the central nervous system cannot be overstated. Over the years, advancements in neuroscience and technology have enabled us to delve into the cellular and molecular components of the BBB, as well as its regulation. Yet, there is a scarcity of comprehensive reviews that follow a logical framework of structure-function-regulation, particularly focusing on the nuances of BBB regulation under both normal and pathological conditions. This review sets out to address this gap by taking a historical perspective on the discovery of the BBB and highlighting the major observations that led to its recognition as a distinct brain barrier. It explores the intricate cellular elements contributing to the formation of the BBB, including endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and neurons, emphasizing their collective role in upholding the integrity and functionality of the BBB. Furthermore, the review delves into the dynamic regulation of the BBB in physiological states, encompassing neural, humoral, and auto-regulatory mechanisms. By shedding light on these regulatory processes, a deeper understanding of the BBB's response to various physiological cues emerges. This review also investigates the disruption of the BBB integrity under diverse pathological conditions, such as ischemia, infection, and toxin exposure. It elucidates the underlying mechanisms that contribute to BBB dysfunction and explores potential therapeutic strategies that aim to restore the BBB integrity and function. Overall, this recapitulation provides valuable insights into the structure, functions, and regulation of the BBB. By integrating historical perspectives, cellular elements, regulatory mechanisms, and pathological implications, this review contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the BBB and paves the way for future research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hin Fong
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (H.F.); (C.L.); (B.B.)
| | - Botao Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Haixiao Feng
- Gies College of Business, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Chuoying Luo
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (H.F.); (C.L.); (B.B.)
| | - Boren Bai
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (H.F.); (C.L.); (B.B.)
| | - John Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuechun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
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47
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Zhang Z, Yi M, Zhu L, Peng W. The interaction between ageing and Alzheimer's disease: insights from the hallmarks of ageing. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38254235 PMCID: PMC10804662 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a crucial risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is characterised by systemic changes in both intracellular and extracellular microenvironments that affect the entire body instead of a single organ. Understanding the specific mechanisms underlying the role of ageing in disease development can facilitate the treatment of ageing-related diseases, such as AD. Signs of brain ageing have been observed in both AD patients and animal models. Alleviating the pathological changes caused by brain ageing can dramatically ameliorate the amyloid beta- and tau-induced neuropathological and memory impairments, indicating that ageing plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of AD. In this review, we summarize the impact of several age-related factors on AD and propose that preventing pathological changes caused by brain ageing is a promising strategy for improving cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yejun Tan
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Li Y, Zhang M, Zhang S, Yang G. Promising Effects of Montelukast for Critically Ill Asthma Patients via a Reduction in Delirium. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:125. [PMID: 38256958 PMCID: PMC10819207 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Montelukast (MTK), a potent antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1, has shown therapeutic promise for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Delirium, a common complication in critically ill patients, lacks effective treatment. This study aims to explore the impact of pre-intensive care unit (ICU) MTK use on in-hospital delirium incidence and, subsequent, prognosis in critically ill patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study (n = 6344) was conducted using the MIMIC-IV database. After propensity score matching, logistic/Cox regression, E-value sensitivity analysis, and causal mediation analysis were performed to assess associations between pre-ICU MTK exposure and delirium and prognosis in critically ill patients. Results: Pre-ICU MTK use was significantly associated with reduced in-hospital delirium (OR: 0.705; 95% CI 0.497-0.999; p = 0.049) and 90-day mortality (OR: 0.554; 95% CI 0.366-0.840; p = 0.005). The association was more significant in patients without myocardial infarction (OR: 0.856; 95% CI 0.383-0.896; p = 0.014) and could be increased by extending the duration of use. Causal mediation analysis showed that the reduction in delirium partially mediated the association between MTK and 90-day mortality (ACME: -0.053; 95% CI -0.0142 to 0.0002; p = 0.020). Conclusions: In critically ill patients, MTK has shown promising therapeutic benefits by reducing the incidence of delirium and 90-day mortality. This study highlights the potential of MTK, beyond its traditional use in respiratory disease, and may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.L.); (M.Z.)
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Meilin Zhang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Guoping Yang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.L.); (M.Z.)
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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49
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Wang Y, Wang G, Gong M, Yang Y, Ling Y, Fang X, Zhu T, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhang C. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Schizophrenia are changed by ECT administration and related to the treatment efficacy. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:53. [PMID: 38233774 PMCID: PMC10792810 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune inflammation has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Despite as a rapid and effective physical therapy, the role of immune inflammation in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for schizophrenia remains elusive. The neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR), platelets to monocytes (PLR) and monocytes to lymphocytes (MLR) are inexpensive and accessible biomarkers of systemic inflammation. In this study, 70 schizophrenia patients and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The systemic inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and after ECT. Our results indicated schizophrenia had significantly higher peripheral NLR, PLR and MLR compared to health controls at baseline, while lymphocytes did not differ. After 6 ECT, the psychiatric symptoms were significantly improved, as demonstrated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). However, there was a decline in cognitive function scores, as indicated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Notably, the neutrophils and NLR were significantly reduced following ECT. Although lymphocytes remained unchanged following ECT, responders had significantly higher lymphocytes compared to non-responders. Moreover, the linear regression analyses revealed that higher lymphocytes served as a predictor of larger improvement in positive symptom following ECT. Overall, our findings further highlighted the presence of systemic inflammation in schizophrenia patients, and that ECT may exert a therapeutic effect in part by attenuating systemic inflammation. Further research may therefore lead to new treatment strategies for schizophrenia targeting the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muxin Gong
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuru Ling
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Caiyi Zhang
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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50
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Badaut J, Ghersi-Egea JF, Thorne RG, Konsman JP. Blood-brain borders: a proposal to address limitations of historical blood-brain barrier terminology. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:3. [PMID: 38183042 PMCID: PMC10770911 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Many neuroscientists use the term Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) to emphasize restrictiveness, often equating or reducing the notion of BBB properties to tight junction molecules physically sealing cerebral endothelial cells, rather than pointing out the complexity of this biological interface with respect to its selectivity and variety of exchange between the general blood circulation and the central nervous tissue. Several authors in the field find it unfortunate that the exquisitely dynamic interfaces between blood and brain continue to be viewed primarily as obstructive barriers to transport. Although the term blood-brain interface is an excellent descriptor that does not convey the idea of a barrier, it is important and preferable for the spreading of an idea beyond specialist communities to try to appeal to well-chosen metaphors. Recent evidence reviewed here indicates that blood-brain interfaces are more than selective semi-permeable membranes in that they display many dynamic processes and complex mechanisms for communication. They are thus more like 'geopolitical borders'. Furthermore, some authors working on blood-brain interface-relevant issues have started to use the word border, for example in border-associated macrophages. Therefore, we suggest adopting the term Blood-Brain Border to better communicate the flexibility of and movement across blood-brain interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Badaut
- Brain Molecular Imaging Lab, UMR 5536, CNRS, RMSB, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
- Basic Science Department, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Jean-François Ghersi-Egea
- FLUID Team, Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon-1 University, Bron, France.
| | - Robert G Thorne
- Denali Therapeutics, Inc, 161 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, 9-177 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jan Pieter Konsman
- UMR 5164, CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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