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Du X, Wang Y, Amevor FK, Ning Z, Deng X, Wu Y, Wei S, Cao X, Xu D, Tian Y, Ye L, Shu G, Zhao X. Effect of High Energy Low Protein Diet on Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in the Liver and Abdominal Adipose Tissue of Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1199. [PMID: 38672347 PMCID: PMC11047412 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a high-energy low-protein (HELP) diet on lipid metabolism and inflammation in the liver and abdominal adipose tissue (AAT) of laying hens. A total of 200 Roman laying hens (120 days old) were randomly divided into two experimental groups: negative control group (NC group) and HELP group, with 100 hens per group. The chickens in the NC group were fed with a basic diet, whereas those in the HELP group were given a HELP diet. Blood, liver, and AAT samples were collected from 20 chickens per group at each experimental time point (30, 60, and 90 d). The morphological and histological changes in the liver and AAT were observed, and the level of serum biochemical indicators and the relative expression abundance of key related genes were determined. The results showed that on day 90, the chickens in the HELP group developed hepatic steatosis and inflammation. However, the diameter of the adipocytes of AAT in the HELP group was significantly larger than that of the NC group. Furthermore, the results showed that the extension of the feeding time significantly increased the lipid contents, lipid deposition, inflammatory parameters, and peroxide levels in the HELP group compared with the NC group, whereas the antioxidant parameters decreased significantly. The mRNA expression levels of genes related to lipid synthesis such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) increased significantly in the liver and AAT of the HELP group, whereas genes related to lipid catabolism decreased significantly in the liver. In addition, the expression of genes related to lipid transport and adipokine synthesis decreased significantly in the AAT, whereas in the HELP group, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory parameters such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) increased significantly in the liver and AAT. Conversely, the expression level of the anti-inflammatory parameter interleukin-10 (IL-10) decreased significantly in the liver. The results indicated that the HELP diet induced lipid peroxidation and inflammation in the liver and AAT of the laying hens. Hence, these results suggest that chicken AAT may be involved in the development of fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Du
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zifan Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xueqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.D.); (Y.W.); (F.K.A.); (Z.N.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (S.W.); (X.C.); (D.X.); (Y.T.); (L.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Kunlayawutipong T, Apaijai N, Tepmalai K, Kongkarnka S, Leerapun A, Pinyopornpanish K, Soontornpun A, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N, Pinyopornpanish K. Imbalance of mitochondrial fusion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27557. [PMID: 38496899 PMCID: PMC10944232 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation contribute to the pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). This study aims to evaluate the potential association between mitochondrial dynamics and cell death markers from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the presence of MASH with significant liver fibrosis among metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients. Consecutive patients undergoing bariatric surgery from January to December 2022 were included. Patients with histologic steatosis were classified into MASH with significant fibrosis (F2-4) group or MASLD/MASH without significant fibrosis group (F0-1). Mitochondrial dynamic proteins and cell death markers were extracted from PBMCs. A total of 23 MASLD/MASH patients were included (significant fibrosis group, n = 7; without significant fibrosis group, n = 16). Of the mitochondrial dynamics and cell death markers evaluated, OPA1 protein, a marker of mitochondrial fusion is higher in MASH patients with significant fibrosis compared to those without (0.861 ± 0.100 vs. 0.560 ± 0.260 proportional to total protein, p = 0.001). Mitochondrial fusion/fission (OPA1/DRP1) ratio is significantly higher in MASH patients with significant fibrosis (1.072 ± 0.307 vs. 0.634 ± 0.313, p = 0.009). OPA1 (per 0.01 proportional to total protein) was associated with the presence of significant liver fibrosis with an OR of 1.08 (95%CI, 1.01-1.15, p = 0.035), and adjusted OR of 1.10 (95%CI, 1.00-1.21, p = 0.042). OPA1 from PBMCs is associated with MASH and substantial fibrosis. Future studies should explore if OPA1 could serve as a novel non-invasive liver fibrosis marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaput Kunlayawutipong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanokkan Tepmalai
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kongkarnka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Apinya Leerapun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Atiwat Soontornpun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Pinyopornpanish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Ghrir S, Ben Abbes W, Chourabi A, Abid G, Jallouli S, Elkahoui S, Limam F, Aouani E, Charradi K. Grape seed extract prevents chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in rat liver through the modulation of phase I detoxification pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18566-18578. [PMID: 38349500 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) poisoning is a public health problem for which there is not currently any effective prophylaxis. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) against CPF-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were daily treated either with CPF (2 mg/kg) or CPF and GSE (20 mg/kg) for 1 week, sacrificed, and their livers dissected for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological analyses. CPF generated liver dysfunction by altering carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, ammonia and urea metabolism, and provoked mitochondrial impairment through disturbing tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and mitochondrial viability. CPF also induced cholinergic excitotoxicity along with oxidative stress and histopathological alterations. Interestingly, treatment with GSE prevented all the detrimental effects of CPF through the regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression. Molecular docking analysis indicated that GSE-containing polyphenols acted as epigenetic modulators through inhibiting DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), thus favoring the CYP2C6 detoxification pathway. Thereby, GSE might be a promising strategy in the protection of the liver against CPF toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Ghrir
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Wassim Ben Abbes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Adam Chourabi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Salem Elkahoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Kingdom, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ezzedine Aouani
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Charradi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Jakubek P, Kalinowski P, Karkucinska-Wieckowska A, Kaikini A, Simões ICM, Potes Y, Kruk B, Grajkowska W, Pinton P, Milkiewicz P, Grąt M, Pronicki M, Lebiedzinska-Arciszewska M, Krawczyk M, Wieckowski MR. Oxidative stress in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): How does the animal model resemble human disease? FASEB J 2024; 38:e23466. [PMID: 38318780 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302447r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is still not completely understood. Based on the evidence from preclinical models, one of the factors proposed as a main driver of disease development is oxidative stress. This study aimed to search for the resemblance between the profiles of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the animal model of MASLD and the group of MASLD patients. C57BL/6J mice were fed with the Western diet for up to 24 weeks and served as the animal model of MASLD. The antioxidant profile of mice hepatic tissue was determined by liquid chromatography-MS3 spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The human cohort consisted of 20 patients, who underwent bariatric surgery, and 6 controls. Based on histological analysis, 4 bariatric patients did not have liver steatosis and as such were also classified as controls. Total antioxidant activity was measured in sera and liver biopsy samples. The hepatic levels of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage were determined by Western Blot. The levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly altered in the hepatic tissue of mice with MASLD. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the antioxidant profile of hepatic tissue of MASLD patients, except for the decreased level of carbonylated proteins. Decreased protein carbonylation together with significant correlations between the thioredoxin system and parameters describing metabolic health suggest alterations in the thiol-redox signaling. Altogether, these data show that even though the phenotype of mice closely resembles human MASLD, the animal-to-human translation of cellular and molecular processes such as oxidative stress may be more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Jakubek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kalinowski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aakruti Kaikini
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Inês C M Simões
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kruk
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wieslawa Grajkowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michał Grąt
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Pronicki
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lebiedzinska-Arciszewska
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Maseko TE, Elkalaf M, Peterová E, Lotková H, Staňková P, Melek J, Dušek J, Žádníková P, Čížková D, Bezrouk A, Pávek P, Červinková Z, Kučera O. Comparison of HepaRG and HepG2 cell lines to model mitochondrial respiratory adaptations in non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:18. [PMID: 38186319 PMCID: PMC10781417 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Although some clinical studies have reported increased mitochondrial respiration in patients with fatty liver and early non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), there is a lack of in vitro models of non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with similar findings. Despite being the most commonly used immortalized cell line for in vitro models of NAFLD, HepG2 cells exposed to free fatty acids (FFAs) exhibit a decreased mitochondrial respiration. On the other hand, the use of HepaRG cells to study mitochondrial respiratory changes following exposure to FFAs has not yet been fully explored. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess cellular energy metabolism, particularly mitochondrial respiration, and lipotoxicity in FFA‑treated HepaRG and HepG2 cells. HepaRG and HepG2 cells were exposed to FFAs, followed by comparative analyses that examained cellular metabolism, mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities, mitochondrial morphology, lipotoxicity, the mRNA expression of selected genes and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation. FFAs stimulated mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in HepaRG cells, but not in HepG2 cells. Stimulated complex I, II‑driven respiration and β‑oxidation were linked to increased complex I and II activities in FFA‑treated HepaRG cells, but not in FFA‑treated HepG2 cells. Exposure to FFAs disrupted mitochondrial morphology in both HepaRG and HepG2 cells. Lipotoxicity was induced to a greater extent in FFA‑treated HepaRG cells than in FFA‑treated HepG2 cells. TAG accumulation was less prominent in HepaRG cells than in HepG2 cells. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that stimulated mitochondrial respiration is associated with lipotoxicity in FFA‑treated HepaRG cells, but not in FFA‑treated HepG2 cells. These findings suggest that HepaRG cells are more suitable for assessing mitochondrial respiratory adaptations in the developed in vitro model of early‑stage NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumisang Edward Maseko
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Moustafa Elkalaf
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Peterová
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Halka Lotková
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Staňková
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Melek
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dušek
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Žádníková
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Čížková
- Department of Histology and Embryology Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Bezrouk
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pávek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Červinková
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Otto Kučera
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Wang F, Liu Y, Dong Y, Zhao M, Huang H, Jin J, Fan L, Xiang R. Haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 leads to hypertriglyceridemia and obesity by disrupting the expression and nucleocytoplasmic localization of Lipin1. Front Med 2024; 18:180-191. [PMID: 37776435 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipin proteins including Lipin 1-3 act as transcriptional co-activators and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzymes, which play crucial roles in lipid metabolism. However, little is known about the function of Lipin3 in triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Here, we identified a novel mutation (NM_001301860: p.1835A>T/p.D612V) of Lipin3 in a large family with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and obesity through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing. Functional studies revealed that the novel variant altered the half-life and stability of the Lipin3 protein. Hence, we generated Lipin3 heterozygous knockout (Lipin3-heKO) mice and cultured primary hepatocytes to explore the pathophysiological roles of Lipin3 in TG metabolism. We found that Lipin3-heKO mice exhibited obvious obesity, HTG, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disorder. Mechanistic study demonstrated that the haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 in primary hepatocytes may induce the overexpression and abnormal distribution of Lipin1 in cytosol and nucleoplasm. The increased expression of Lipin1 in cytosol may contribute to TG anabolism, and the decreased Lipin1 in nucleoplasm can reduce PGC1α, further leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced TG catabolism. Our study suggested that Lipin3 was a novel disease-causing gene inducing obesity and HTG. We also established a relationship between Lipin3 and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yuxing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Meifang Zhao
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jieyuan Jin
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Liangliang Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Rare Diseases, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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7
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Hong L, Sun Z, Xu D, Li W, Cao N, Fu X, Huang Y, Tian Y, Li B. Transcriptome and lipidome integration unveils mechanisms of fatty liver formation in Shitou geese. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103280. [PMID: 38042038 PMCID: PMC10711516 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Geese evolved from migratory birds, and when they consume excessive high-energy feed, glucose is converted into triglycerides. A large amount of triglyceride deposition can induce incomplete oxidation of fatty acids, leading to lipid accumulation in the liver and the subsequent formation of fatty liver. In the Chaoshan region of Guangdong, China, Shitou geese develop a unique form of fatty liver through 24 h overfeeding of brown rice. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the formation of fatty liver in Shitou geese, we collected liver samples from normally fed and overfed geese. The results showed that the liver size in the treatment group was significantly larger, weighing 3.5 times more than that in the control group. Extensive infiltration of lipid droplets was observed in the liver upon staining of tissue sections. Biochemical analysis revealed that compared to the control group, the treatment group showed significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), and glycogen in the liver. However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), which are common indicators of liver damage. Furthermore, we performed a combined transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis of the liver samples and identified 1,510 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1,559 significantly differentially abundant metabolites (SDMs). The enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed their enrichment in metabolic pathways, cellular process-related signaling pathways, and specific lipid metabolism pathways. We also conducted KEGG enrichment analysis of the SDMs and compared them with the enriched signaling pathways obtained from the DEGs. In this study, we identified 3 key signaling pathways involved in the formation of fatty liver in Shitou geese, namely, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, glycerol lipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. In these pathways, genes such as glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial (GPAM), 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2 (AGPAT2), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), lipase, endothelial (LIPG), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), phospholipase D family member 4 (PLD4), and phospholipase A2 group IVF (PLA2G4F) may regulate the synthesis of metabolites, including triacylglycerol (TG), phosphatidate (PA), 1,2-diglyceride (DG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC). These genes and metabolites may play a predominant role in the development of fatty liver, ultimately promoting the accumulation of TG in the liver and leading to the progression of fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longsheng Hong
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zongyi Sun
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Danning Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wanyan Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Nan Cao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xinliang Fu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yunmao Huang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yunbo Tian
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Bingxin Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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8
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Xie W, Shi H, Zuo R, Zhou S, Ma N, Zhang H, Chang G, Shen X. Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Mitophagy and Inflammation via the DRP1-mtDNA-STING Pathway in Bovine Hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2120-2134. [PMID: 38235560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is tightly associated with liver dysfunction and injury in dairy cows. Previous studies have shown that cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidative abilities. In this study, the bovine hepatocytes were pretreated with CLA for 6 h, followed by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for another 6 h to investigate the antioxidative effect of CLA and uncover the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that H2O2 treatment elevated the level of mitophagy, promoted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage into the cytosol, and activated the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to trigger an inflammatory response in bovine hepatocytes. In addition, the dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1)-mtDNA-STING-NF-κB axis contributed to the H2O2-induced oxidative injury of bovine hepatocytes. CLA could reduce mitophagy and the inflammatory response to attenuate oxidative damage via the DRP1/mtDNA/STING pathway in bovine hepatocytes. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the hepatoprotective effect of CLA against oxidative injury in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xie
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Rankun Zuo
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Shendong Zhou
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Nana Ma
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Chang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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9
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Shin S, Kim J, Lee JY, Kim J, Oh CM. Mitochondrial Quality Control: Its Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). J Obes Metab Syndr 2023; 32:289-302. [PMID: 38049180 PMCID: PMC10786205 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is characterized by hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction and is often associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Recent research indicates a rapid escalation in MASLD cases, with projections suggesting a doubling in the United States by 2030. This review focuses on the central role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of MASLD and explores potential therapeutic interventions. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that orchestrate hepatic energy production and metabolism and are critically involved in MASLD. Dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to lipid accumulation, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. Genetic associations further underscore the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and MASLD susceptibility. Although U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for MASLD remain elusive, ongoing clinical trials have highlighted promising strategies that target mitochondrial dysfunction, including vitamin E, metformin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. In preclinical studies, novel therapeutics, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ precursors, urolithin A, spermidine, and mitoquinone, have shown beneficial effects, such as improving mitochondrial quality control, reducing oxidative stress, and ameliorating hepatic steatosis and inflammation. In conclusion, mitochondrial dysfunction is central to MASLD pathogenesis. The innovative mitochondria-targeted approaches discussed in this review offer a promising avenue for reducing the burden of MASLD and improving global quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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10
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Chalifoux O, Faerman B, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production by pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in oxidative eustress and oxidative distress. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105399. [PMID: 37898400 PMCID: PMC10692731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) are vital entry points for monosaccharides and amino acids into the Krebs cycle and thus integral for mitochondrial bioenergetics. Both complexes produce mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (mH2O2) and are deactivated by electrophiles. Here, we provide an update on the role of PDH and KGDH in mitochondrial redox balance and their function in facilitating metabolic reprogramming for the propagation of oxidative eustress signals in hepatocytes and how defects in these pathways can cause liver diseases. PDH and KGDH are known to account for ∼45% of the total mH2O2 formed by mitochondria and display rates of production several-fold higher than the canonical source complex I. This mH2O2 can also be formed by reverse electron transfer (RET) in vivo, which has been linked to metabolic dysfunctions that occur in pathogenesis. However, the controlled emission of mH2O2 from PDH and KGDH has been proposed to be fundamental for oxidative eustress signal propagation in several cellular contexts. Modification of PDH and KGDH with protein S-glutathionylation (PSSG) and S-nitrosylation (PSNO) adducts serves as a feedback inhibitor for mH2O2 production in response to glutathione (GSH) pool oxidation. PSSG and PSNO adduct formation also reprogram the Krebs cycle to generate metabolites vital for interorganelle and intercellular signaling. Defects in the redox modification of PDH and KGDH cause the over generation of mH2O2, resulting in oxidative distress and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). In aggregate, PDH and KGDH are essential platforms for emitting and receiving oxidative eustress signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Chalifoux
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ben Faerman
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
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11
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Norouzi G, Nikdel S, Pirayesh E, Salimi Y, Amoui M, Haghighatkhah H, Ghodsi Rad MA, Javanijouni E, Khoshbakht S. Utility of 99mTc-Sestamibi Heart/Liver Uptake Ratio in Screening Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease During Myocardial Perfusion Imaging. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:663-669. [PMID: 36576502 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2022.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic hepatic disease worldwide, with functional impairment of the mitochondria occurring from early stages. Technetium-99m methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) is a lipophilic agent trapped in the mitochondria. This study aims to evaluate the utility of 99mTc-MIBI heart/liver uptake ratio in screening for NAFLD during myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Methods: Seventy eligible patients underwent a 2-d rest/stress 99mTc-MIBI scan with a 2-min planar image acquired in rest phase, at 30, 60, and 120 min postradiotracer administration. Heart/liver uptake ratio was calculated by placing identical regions of interest on the heart and liver dome. All patients underwent liver ultrasound and were allocated into groups A, having NAFLD; and B, healthy individuals without NAFLD. Results: Mean count per pixel heart/liver ratios gradually increased over time in either group; nonetheless the values were significantly higher in group A, regardless of acquisition timing; with the p-value equal to 0.007, 0.014, and 0.010 at 30, 60, and 120 min, respectively. Conclusion: Determining 99mTc-MIBI heart/liver uptake ratio during rest phase in patients undergoing MPI may be a useful, noninvasive screening method for NAFLD; with no additional cost, radiation burden, or adverse effects in these patients. Trial registration number: IR.SBMU.MSP.REC.1398.308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Norouzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Nikdel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Pirayesh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Salimi
- Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahasti Amoui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Haghighatkhah
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghodsi Rad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Javanijouni
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khoshbakht
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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La Colla A, Cámara CA, Campisano S, Chisari AN. Mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetics underlying the link between early-life nutrition and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:281-294. [PMID: 35067233 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Early-life malnutrition plays a critical role in foetal development and predisposes to metabolic diseases later in life, according to the concept of 'developmental programming'. Different types of early nutritional imbalance, including undernutrition, overnutrition and micronutrient deficiency, have been related to long-term metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that disturbances in nutrition during the period of preconception, pregnancy and primary infancy can affect mitochondrial function and epigenetic mechanisms. Moreover, even though multiple mechanisms underlying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been described, in the past years, special attention has been given to mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic alterations. Mitochondria play a key role in cellular metabolic functions. Dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to oxidative stress, insulin resistance and inflammation. Epigenetic mechanisms have been related to alterations in genes involved in lipid metabolism, fibrogenesis, inflammation and tumorigenesis. In accordance, studies have reported that mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetics linked to early-life nutrition can be important contributing factors in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetics and nutrition during early life, which is relevant to developmental programming of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela La Colla
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carolina Anahí Cámara
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Campisano
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrea Nancy Chisari
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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13
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Padiadpu J, Garcia‐Jaramillo M, Newman NK, Pederson JW, Rodrigues R, Li Z, Singh S, Monnier P, Trinchieri G, Brown K, Dzutsev AK, Shulzhenko N, Jump DB, Morgun A. Multi-omic network analysis identified betacellulin as a novel target of omega-3 fatty acid attenuation of western diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e18367. [PMID: 37859621 PMCID: PMC10630881 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies established that supplementing diets with ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can reduce hepatic dysfunction in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) but molecular underpinnings of this action were elusive. Herein, we used multi-omic network analysis that unveiled critical molecular pathways involved in ω3 PUFA effects in a preclinical mouse model of western diet induced NASH. Since NASH is a precursor of liver cancer, we also performed meta-analysis of human liver cancer transcriptomes that uncovered betacellulin as a key EGFR-binding protein upregulated in liver cancer and downregulated by ω3 PUFAs in animals and humans with NASH. We then confirmed that betacellulin acts by promoting proliferation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells, inducing transforming growth factor-β2 and increasing collagen production. When used in combination with TLR2/4 agonists, betacellulin upregulated integrins in macrophages thereby potentiating inflammation and fibrosis. Taken together, our results suggest that suppression of betacellulin is one of the key mechanisms associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of ω3 PUFA on NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nolan K Newman
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Jacob W Pederson
- Carlson College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Richard Rodrigues
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Carlson College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Sehajvir Singh
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Philip Monnier
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Kevin Brown
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Amiran K Dzutsev
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Carlson College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Donald B Jump
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Linus Pauling InstituteOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA
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14
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You T, Li Y, Li B, Wu S, Jiang X, Fu D, Xin J, Huang Y, Jin L, Hu C. Caveolin-1 protects against liver damage exacerbated by acetaminophen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the ERK/HIF-1α pathway. Mol Immunol 2023; 163:104-115. [PMID: 37769575 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a common antipyretic and analgesic drug that can cause long-term liver damage after an overdose. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases susceptibility to APAP. In NAFLD, excessive accumulation of lipids leads to an abnormal increase in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Caveolin-1 (CAV1) may protect against NAFLD by inhibiting HIF-1α. This research aimed to determine whether CAV1 could attenuate APAP-exacerbated liver injury in NAFLD by inhibiting oxidative stress involving HIF-1α. In this study, 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks, followed by the instillation of APAP. Levels of oxidative stress and liver lipid deposition were determined, and p-ERK1/2 and HIF-1α protein expression were measured by the Western blot (WB) method. In the APAP-treated group, the level of CAV1 was decreased, while the levels of HIF-1α and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly increased. AML12 cells were treated with a mixture of palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) (1:2 mix) for 48 h, and APAP was added for the last 24 h. Overexpression of CAV1 in AML12 cells significantly inhibited the expression of ROS and HIF-1α. And the results of immunofluorescence after treatment with CAV1-SiRNA showed that the HIF-1α levels were significantly increased in mitochondria. In conclusion, our experimental results suggest that CAV1 has a protective function in the fatty liver based on preventing oxidative stress, which involves HIF-1α. Thus, upregulation of CAV1 may attenuate APAP-exacerbated liver injury in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu You
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangfu Jiang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Fu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jiao Xin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Infectious diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China.
| | - Chengmu Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
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15
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Tuero C, Becerril S, Ezquerro S, Neira G, Frühbeck G, Rodríguez A. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective role of ghrelin against NAFLD progression. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:833-849. [PMID: 36417140 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms for the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are complex and multifactorial. Within the last years, experimental and clinical evidences support the role of ghrelin in the development of NAFLD. Ghrelin is a gut hormone that plays a major role in the short-term regulation of appetite and long-term regulation of adiposity. The liver constitutes a target for ghrelin, where this gut-derived peptide triggers intracellular pathways regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Interestingly, circulating ghrelin levels are altered in patients with metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, which, in turn, are well-known risk factors for the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This review summarizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the hepatoprotective action of ghrelin, including the reduction of hepatocyte lipotoxicity via autophagy and fatty acid β-oxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and programmed cell death, the reversibility of the proinflammatory phenotype in Kupffer cells, and the inactivation of hepatic stellate cells. Together, the metabolic and inflammatory pathways regulated by ghrelin in the liver support its potential as a therapeutic target to prevent NAFLD in patients with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Tuero
- Department of General Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Irunlarrea 1, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ezquerro
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Irunlarrea 1, Spain
| | - Gabriela Neira
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Irunlarrea 1, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Irunlarrea 1, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Irunlarrea 1, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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16
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Myint M, Oppedisano F, De Giorgi V, Kim BM, Marincola FM, Alter HJ, Nesci S. Inflammatory signaling in NASH driven by hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunctions. J Transl Med 2023; 21:757. [PMID: 37884933 PMCID: PMC10605416 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver steatosis, inflammation, and variable degrees of fibrosis are the pathological manifestations of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an aggressive presentation of the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the Western world known as nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Mitochondrial hepatocyte dysfunction is a primary event that triggers inflammation, affecting Kupffer and hepatic stellate cell behaviour. Here, we consider the role of impaired mitochondrial function caused by lipotoxicity during oxidative stress in hepatocytes. Dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial ROS production cause the release of damage-associated molecular patterns from dying hepatocytes, leading to activation of innate immunity and trans-differentiation of hepatic stellate cells, thereby driving fibrosis in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria De Giorgi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | - Harvey J Alter
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy.
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17
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Lee H, Lee TJ, Galloway CA, Zhi W, Xiao W, de Mesy Bentley KL, Sharma A, Teng Y, Sesaki H, Yoon Y. The mitochondrial fusion protein OPA1 is dispensable in the liver and its absence induces mitohormesis to protect liver from drug-induced injury. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6721. [PMID: 37872238 PMCID: PMC10593833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for metabolic homeostasis of the liver, and their dysfunction is a major cause of liver diseases. Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a mitochondrial fusion protein with a role in cristae shaping. Disruption of OPA1 causes mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the role of OPA1 in liver function is poorly understood. In this study, we delete OPA1 in the fully developed liver of male mice. Unexpectedly, OPA1 liver knockout (LKO) mice are healthy with unaffected mitochondrial respiration, despite disrupted cristae morphology. OPA1 LKO induces a stress response that establishes a new homeostatic state for sustained liver function. Our data show that OPA1 is required for proper complex V assembly and that OPA1 LKO protects the liver from drug toxicity. Mechanistically, OPA1 LKO decreases toxic drug metabolism and confers resistance to the mitochondrial permeability transition. This study demonstrates that OPA1 is dispensable in the liver, and that the mitohormesis induced by OPA1 LKO prevents liver injury and contributes to liver resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakjoo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Chad A Galloway
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Advanced Research Technologies, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Wei Xiao
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Karen L de Mesy Bentley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Advanced Research Technologies, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yisang Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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18
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Chávez E, Aparicio-Cadena AR, Velasco-Loyden G, Lozano-Rosas MG, Domínguez-López M, Cancino-Bello A, Torres N, Tovar AR, Cabrera-Aguilar A, Chagoya-de Sánchez V. An adenosine derivative prevents the alterations observed in metabolic syndrome in a rat model induced by a rich high-fat diet and sucrose supplementation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292448. [PMID: 37796781 PMCID: PMC10553329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease with high prevalence worldwide. It is related to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. Approximately 80% of patients with metabolic syndrome have some degree of fatty liver disease. An adenosine derivative (IFC-305) has been shown to exert protective effects in models of liver damage as well as on elements involved in central metabolism; therefore, here, we evaluated the effect of IFC-305 in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome in rats induced by a high-fat diet and 10% sucrose in drinking water for 18 weeks. We also determined changes in fatty acid uptake in the Huh-7 cell line. In the experimental model, increases in body mass, serum triglycerides and proinflammatory cytokines were induced in rats, and the adenosine derivative significantly prevented these changes. Interestingly, IFC-305 prevented alterations in glucose and insulin tolerance, enabling the regulation of glucose levels in the same way as in the control group. Histologically, the alterations, including mitochondrial morphological changes, observed in response to the high-fat diet were prevented by administration of the adenosine derivative. This compound exerted protective effects against metabolic syndrome, likely due to its action in metabolic regulation, such as in the regulation of glucose blood levels and hepatocyte fatty acid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Chávez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Rusbel Aparicio-Cadena
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Velasco-Loyden
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Lozano-Rosas
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Domínguez-López
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Amairani Cancino-Bello
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Aguilar
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Victoria Chagoya-de Sánchez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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19
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Fernández-Sáez EM, Losarcos M, Becerril S, Valentí V, Moncada R, Martín M, Burrell MA, Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Mugueta C, Colina I, Silva C, Escalada J, Frühbeck G, Rodríguez A. Uroguanylin prevents hepatic steatosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and fibrosis in obesity-associated NAFLD. Metabolism 2023; 147:155663. [PMID: 37517791 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological mediators supporting the resolution of liver steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis after bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and NAFLD remain unclear. We sought to analyze whether uroguanylin and guanylin, two gut hormones involved in the regulation of satiety, food preference and adiposity, are involved in the amelioration of obesity-associated NAFLD after bariatric surgery. METHODS Proguanylin (GUCA2A) and prouroguanylin (GUCA2B) were measured in 214 participants undergoing bariatric surgery with biopsy-proven NAFLD diagnosis. Pathways involved in lipid metabolism, mitochondrial network and fibrogenesis were evaluated in liver biopsies (n = 137). The effect of guanylin and uroguanylin on these metabolic functions was assessed in HepG2 hepatocytes and LX-2 hepatic stellate cells (HSC) under lipotoxic and profibrogenic conditions. RESULTS Plasma and hepatic expression of GUCA2B were decreased in obesity-associated NAFLD. Both GUCA2A and GUCA2B levels were increased after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in parallel to the improved liver function. The liver of patients with type 2 diabetes showed impaired mitochondrial β-oxidation, biogenesis, dynamics as well as increased fibrosis. Uroguanylin diminished the lipotoxicity in palmitate-treated HepG2 hepatocytes, evidenced by decresased steatosis and lipogenic factors, as well as increased mitochondrial network expression, AMPK-induced β-oxidation and oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, uroguanylin, but not guanylin, reversed HSC myofibroblast transdifferentiation as well as fibrogenesis after TGF-β1 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Uroguanylin constitutes a protective factor against lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction and fibrosis. Increased GUCA2B levels might contribute to improve liver injury in patients with obesity-associated NAFLD after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maite Losarcos
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Víctor Valentí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moncada
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Anesthesia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marina Martín
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María A Burrell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Mugueta
- Department of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Colina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Camilo Silva
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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20
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Grilo LF, Martins JD, Diniz MS, Tocantins C, Cavallaro CH, Baldeiras I, Cunha-Oliveira T, Ford S, Nathanielsz PW, Oliveira PJ, Pereira SP. Maternal hepatic adaptations during obese pregnancy encompass lobe-specific mitochondrial alterations and oxidative stress. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1347-1372. [PMID: 37565250 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity (MO) is rising worldwide, affecting half of all gestations, constituting a possible risk-factor for some pregnancy-associated liver diseases (PALD) and hepatic diseases. PALD occur in approximately 3% of pregnancies and are characterized by maternal hepatic oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. Maternal hepatic disease increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Understanding the role of MO on liver function and pathophysiology could be crucial for better understanding the altered pathways leading to PALD and liver disease, possibly paving the way to prevention and adequate management of disease. We investigated specific hepatic metabolic alterations in mitochondria and oxidative stress during MO at late-gestation. Maternal hepatic tissue was collected at 90% gestation in Control and MO ewes (fed 150% of recommended nutrition starting 60 days before conception). Maternal hepatic redox state, mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC), and OS markers were investigated. MO decreased MRC complex-II activity and its subunits SDHA and SDHB protein expression, increased complex-I and complex-IV activities despite reduced complex-IV subunit mtCO1 protein expression, and increased ATP synthase ATP5A subunit. Hepatic MO-metabolic remodeling was characterized by decreased adenine nucleotide translocator 1 and 2 (ANT-1/2) and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein expression and protein kinase A (PKA) activity (P<0.01), and augmented NAD+/NADH ratio due to reduced NADH levels (P<0.01). MO showed an altered redox state with increased OS, increased lipid peroxidation (P<0.01), decreased GSH/GSSG ratio (P=0.005), increased superoxide dismutase (P=0.03) and decreased catalase (P=0.03) antioxidant enzymatic activities, lower catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-4 and glutathione reductase protein expression (P<0.05), and increased GPX-1 abundance (P=0.03). MO-related hepatic changes were more evident in the right lobe, corroborated by the integrative data analysis. Hepatic tissue from obese pregnant ewes showed alterations in the redox state, consistent with OS and MRC and metabolism remodeling. These are hallmarks of PALD and hepatic disease, supporting MO as a risk-factor and highlighting OS and mitochondrial dysfunction as mechanisms responsible for liver disease predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F Grilo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
- Ph.D. Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João D Martins
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Chiara H Cavallaro
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Neurological Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Stephen Ford
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, U.S.A
| | | | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LametEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5405. [PMID: 37669951 PMCID: PMC10480499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed male mice. The focus of this work is to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreases liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed male mice releases nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevents hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qiu
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ahmed Lawan
- University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Chrysovalantou E Xirouchaki
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Jae-Sung Yi
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Marie Robert
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wendy Brown
- Monash University Department of Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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22
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Jin AH, Qian YF, Ren J, Wang JG, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Du ZY, Luo Y. PDK inhibition promotes glucose utilization, reduces hepatic lipid deposition, and improves oxidative stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) by increasing pyruvate oxidative phosphorylation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108969. [PMID: 37488039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In omnivorous fish, the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit (PDHE1α) axis is essential in the regulation of carbohydrate oxidative catabolism. Among the existing research, the role of the PDKs-PDHE1α axis in carnivorous fish with poor glucose utilization is unclear. In the present study, we determined the effects of PDK inhibition on the liver glycolipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). DCA is a PDK-specific inhibitor that inhibits PDK by binding the allosteric sites. A total of 160 juvenile largemouth bass were randomly divided into two groups, with four replicates of 20 fish each, fed a control diet and a control diet supplemented with dichloroacetate (DCA) for 8 weeks. The present results showed that DCA supplementation significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index, triglycerides in liver and serum, and total liver lipids of largemouth bass compared with the control group. In addition, compared with the control group, DCA treatment significantly down-regulated gene expression associated with lipogenesis. Furthermore, DCA supplementation significantly decreased the mRNA expression of pdk3a and increased PDHE1α activity. In addition, DCA supplementation improved glucose oxidative catabolism and pyruvate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the liver, as evidenced by low pyruvate content in the liver and up-regulated expressions of glycolysis-related and TCA cycle/OXPHOS-related genes. Moreover, DCA consumption decreased hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increased transforming growth factor beta (tgf-β), glutathione S-transferase (gst), and superoxide dismutase 1 (sod1) gene expression compared with the control diet. This study demonstrated that inhibition of PDKs by DCA promoted glucose utilization, reduced hepatic lipid deposition, and improved oxidative stress in largemouth bass by increasing pyruvate OXPHOS. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanism of the PDKs-PDHE1α axis in glucose metabolism and improve the utilization of dietary carbohydrates in farmed carnivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hui Jin
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Fan Qian
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Ren
- HANOVE Research Center, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Gang Wang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Buntenbroich I, Anton V, Perez-Hernandez D, Simões T, Gaedke F, Schauss A, Dittmar G, Riemer J, Escobar-Henriques M. Docking and stability defects in mitofusin highlight the proteasome as a potential therapeutic target. iScience 2023; 26:107014. [PMID: 37416455 PMCID: PMC10320088 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial fusion are at the base of many diseases. Mitofusins power membrane-remodeling events via self-interaction and GTP hydrolysis. However, how exactly mitofusins mediate fusion of the outer membrane is still unclear. Structural studies enable tailored design of mitofusin variants, providing valuable tools to dissect this stepwise process. Here, we found that the two cysteines conserved between yeast and mammals are required for mitochondrial fusion, revealing two novel steps of the fusion cycle. C381 is dominantly required for the formation of the trans-tethering complex, before GTP hydrolysis. C805 allows stabilizing the Fzo1 protein and the trans-tethering complex, just prior to membrane fusion. Moreover, proteasomal inhibition rescued Fzo1 C805S levels and membrane fusion, suggesting a possible application for clinically approved drugs. Together, our study provides insights into how assembly or stability defects in mitofusins might cause mitofusin-associated diseases and uncovers potential therapeutic intervention by proteasomal inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Buntenbroich
- Institute for Genetics,University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Vincent Anton
- Institute for Genetics,University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez-Hernandez
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen 1445, Luxembourg
| | - Tânia Simões
- Institute for Genetics,University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Felix Gaedke
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Astrid Schauss
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen 1445, Luxembourg
| | - Jan Riemer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Mafalda Escobar-Henriques
- Institute for Genetics,University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.548263. [PMID: 37502892 PMCID: PMC10369865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.548263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed mice. The focus of this work was to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreased liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed mice released nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevent hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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Huang X, Chen H, Wen S, Dong M, Zhou L, Yuan X. Therapeutic Approaches for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Established Targets and Drugs. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1809-1819. [PMID: 37366486 PMCID: PMC10290856 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s411400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as a multisystemic disease, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease characterized by extremely complex pathogenic mechanisms and multifactorial etiology, which often develops as a consequence of obesity, metabolic syndrome. Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of NAFLD include diet, obesity, insulin resistance (IR), genetic and epigenetic determinants, intestinal dysbiosis, oxidative/nitrosative stress, autophagy dysregulation, hepatic inflammation, gut-liver axis, gut microbes, impaired mitochondrial metabolism and regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. Some of the new drugs for the treatment of NAFLD are introduced here. All of them achieve therapeutic objectives by interfering with certain pathophysiological pathways of NAFLD, including fibroblast growth factors (FGF) analogues, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) agonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), fatty acid synthase inhibitor (FASNi), antioxidants, etc. This review describes some pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD and established targets and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Huang
- Graduate School of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiyuan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Abrigo J, Olguín H, Tacchi F, Orozco-Aguilar J, Valero-Breton M, Soto J, Castro-Sepúlveda M, Elorza AA, Simon F, Cabello-Verrugio C. Cholic and deoxycholic acids induce mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired biogenesis and autophagic flux in skeletal muscle cells. Biol Res 2023; 56:30. [PMID: 37291645 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle is sensitive to bile acids (BA) because it expresses the TGR5 receptor for BA. Cholic (CA) and deoxycholic (DCA) acids induce a sarcopenia-like phenotype through TGR5-dependent mechanisms. Besides, a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia was characterised by increased levels of serum BA and muscle weakness, alterations that are dependent on TGR5 expression. Mitochondrial alterations, such as decreased mitochondrial potential and oxygen consumption rate (OCR), increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and unbalanced biogenesis and mitophagy, have not been studied in BA-induced sarcopenia. METHODS We evaluated the effects of DCA and CA on mitochondrial alterations in C2C12 myotubes and a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia. We measured mitochondrial mass by TOM20 levels and mitochondrial DNA; ultrastructural alterations by transmission electronic microscopy; mitochondrial biogenesis by PGC-1α plasmid reporter activity and protein levels by western blot analysis; mitophagy by the co-localisation of the MitoTracker and LysoTracker fluorescent probes; mitochondrial potential by detecting the TMRE probe signal; protein levels of OXPHOS complexes and LC3B by western blot analysis; OCR by Seahorse measures; and mtROS by MitoSOX probe signals. RESULTS DCA and CA caused a reduction in mitochondrial mass and decreased mitochondrial biogenesis. Interestingly, DCA and CA increased LC3II/LC3I ratio and decreased autophagic flux concordant with raised mitophagosome-like structures. In addition, DCA and CA decreased mitochondrial potential and reduced protein levels in OXPHOS complexes I and II. The results also demonstrated that DCA and CA decreased basal, ATP-linked, FCCP-induced maximal respiration and spare OCR. DCA and CA also reduced the number of cristae. In addition, DCA and CA increased the mtROS. In mice with cholestasis-induced sarcopenia, TOM20, OXPHOS complexes I, II and III, and OCR were diminished. Interestingly, the OCR and OXPHOS complexes were correlated with muscle strength and bile acid levels. CONCLUSION Our results showed that DCA and CA decreased mitochondrial mass, possibly by reducing mitochondrial biogenesis, which affects mitochondrial function, thereby altering potential OCR and mtROS generation. Some mitochondrial alterations were also observed in a mouse model of cholestasis-induced sarcopenia characterised by increased levels of BA, such as DCA and CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Abrigo
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Olguín
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Adult Stem Cells, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Tacchi
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josué Orozco-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ensayos Biológicos (LEBi), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mayalen Valero-Breton
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Soto
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Castro-Sepúlveda
- Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Finis Terrae University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro A Elorza
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Abdelraheem KM, Younis NN, Shaheen MA, Elswefy SE, Ali SI. Raspberry ketone improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced in rats by modulating sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate and toll-like receptor 4 pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7160323. [PMID: 37167472 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the therapeutic role of calorie-restricted diet (CR) and raspberry ketone (RK) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the implication of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling. METHODS NAFLD was induced by feeding rats high-fat-fructose-diet (HFFD) for 6 weeks. Rats were then randomly assigned to three groups (n = 6 each); NAFLD group continued on HFFD for another 8 weeks. CR group was switched to CR diet (25% calorie restriction) for 8 weeks and RK group was switched to normal diet and received RK (55 mg/kg/day; orally) for 8 weeks. Another six rats were used as normal control. KEY FINDINGS HFFD induced a state of NAFLD indicated by increased fat deposition in liver tissue along with dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammation. Either CR diet or RK reversed these changes and decreased HFFD-induced elevation of hepatic SphK1, S1P, S1PR1 and TLR4. Of notice, RK along with a normal calorie diet was even better than CR alone in most studied parameters. CONCLUSIONS SphK1/S1P and TLR4 are interconnected and related to the establishment of HFFD-induced NAFLD and can be modulated by RK. Supplementation of RK without calorie restriction to patients with NAFLD unable to follow CR diet to achieve their treatment goals would be a promising therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem M Abdelraheem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Qantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Younis
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sahar E Elswefy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Sciences and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Sousou I Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Paoli A, Cerullo G. Investigating the Link between Ketogenic Diet, NAFLD, Mitochondria, and Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051065. [PMID: 37237931 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Together with the global rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of individuals who suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen dramatically. NAFLD is currently the most common chronic liver disease and includes a continuum of liver disorders from initial fat accumulation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), considered the more severe forms, which can evolve in, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Common features of NAFLD includes altered lipid metabolism mainly linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, which, as a vicious cycle, aggravates oxidative stress and promotes inflammation and, as a consequence, the progressive death of hepatocytes and the severe form of NAFLD. A ketogenic diet (KD), i.e., a diet very low in carbohydrates (<30 g/die) that induces "physiological ketosis", has been demonstrated to alleviate oxidative stress and restore mitochondrial function. Based on this, the aim of the present review is to analyze the body of evidence regarding the potential therapeutic role of KD in NAFLD, focusing on the interplay between mitochondria and the liver, the effects of ketosis on oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of KD on liver and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Meng Z, Gao M, Wang C, Guan S, Zhang D, Lu J. Apigenin Alleviated High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Pyroptosis by Mitophagy-ROS-CTSB-NLRP3 Pathway in Mice and AML12 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7032-7045. [PMID: 37141464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin is considered the most-known natural flavonoid and is abundant in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. A high fat diet (HFD) can induce liver injury and hepatocyte death in multiple ways. Pyroptosis is an innovative type of programmed cell death. Moreover, excessive pyroptosis of hepatocytes leads to liver injury. We used HFD to induce liver cell pyroptosis in C57BL/6J mice in this work. After gavage of apigenin, apigenin can significantly reduce the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in liver tissue ignited by HFD and reduce the levels of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3), the N-terminal domain of GSDMD (GSDMD-N), cleaved-caspase 1, cathepsin B (CTSB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) protein expression and the colocalization of NLRP3 and CTSB and increase the level of lysosomal associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) protein expression, thus alleviating cell pyroptosis. In a further in vitro mechanism study, we find that palmitic acid (PA) can induce pyroptosis in AML12 cells. After adding apigenin, apigenin can clear the damaged mitochondria through mitophagy and reduce the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus alleviating CTSB release caused by lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), reducing the LDH release caused by PA and reducing the levels of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, cleaved-caspase 1, CTSB, IL-1β, and IL-18 protein expression. By adding the mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA), LC3-siRNA, the CTSB inhibitor CA-074 methyl ester (CA-074 Me), and the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, the aforementioned results were further confirmed. Therefore, our results show that HFD-fed and PA can damage mitochondria, promote the production of intracellular ROS, enhance the lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), and cause the leakage of CTSB, thus activating the NLRP3 inflammatory body and inducing pyroptosis in C57BL/6J mice and AML12 cells, while apigenin alleviates this phenomenon through the mitophagy-ROS-CTSB-NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Meng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - DuoDuo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
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Xu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Fan G. Managing metabolic diseases: The roles and therapeutic prospects of herb-derived polysaccharides. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114538. [PMID: 36931026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have become a public health problem worldwide. Effective, novel and natural therapies are urgently needed to treat metabolic diseases. As natural bioactive compounds, polysaccharides have many physiological and medicinal properties. Recently, herb-derived polysaccharides have shown beneficial effects in the treatment of metabolic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review comprehensively summarizes the pharmacological progress and clinical evidence of herb-derived polysaccharides in the treatment of three metabolic diseases, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, and more importantly, discusses the molecular mechanism involved. Existing evidence has proved that herb-derived polysaccharides can maintain glucose homeostasis, promote insulin secretion, improve insulin resistance, reduce weight gain and hepatic steatosis, inhibit lipogenesis, alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and improve gut microbiota disorders in rodents with metabolic diseases. Notably, so far, human clinical trials of herb-derived polysaccharides for these three metabolic diseases remain rare. All in all, herb-derived polysaccharides may have good potential as drug candidates for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. More high-quality clinical trials are needed to further validate its effectiveness and safety in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Abstract
Significance: Liver disease is one of the biggest threats to public health, affecting as much as 5.5 million people worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various acute and chronic liver diseases. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy for damaged/excessive mitochondria, plays a key role either in the pathogenesis or in maintaining hepatic homeostasis in response to various liver diseases. Recent Advances: Significant progress has been achieved to ascertain the causes of liver disease. The conserved pathways for mitochondrial degradation via mitophagy, the deregulation of mitophagy in liver diseases, and pharmacological or genetic maneuvers that alter the mitophagic flux for liver disease treatment have been widely studied but yet to be comprehensively reviewed. Critical Issues: Liver disease is considered a leading cause of mortality globally, causing the heavy burden of disability and the increased health care utilization that needs to be settled urgently. Mitophagy plays an important role in protecting liver from tissue damage to maintain hepatic homeostasis or in pathogenesis of liver disease. Elaborating mitophagy implicated in the pathogenesis of liver disease, as well as potential therapeutic regimens by targeting mitophagy is of great significance for the understanding and treatment of liver disease. Future Directions: This review comprehensively describes the distinct mitophagy signaling pathways and their interplay with various liver diseases. Given that mitophagy affects a wide array of physiological processes, a deeper understanding of how to modulate mitophagy could provide innovative avenues for precise therapy. Future studies based on pharmacologically or genetically targeting mitophagy-relevant factors will uncover the links between intact mitophagic responses and hepatic homeostasis in physiological and pathological settings. This will allow us to overcome obstacles of applying mitophagy as the therapeutic target in the clinic. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 529-549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Chao JJ, Zhang H, Wang ZQ, Liu QR, Mao GJ, Chen DH, Li CY. A near-infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring abnormal mitochondrial viscosity in cancer and fatty-liver mice model. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1242:340813. [PMID: 36657896 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Viscosity is an important component of cell microenvironment, and abnormal mitochondrial viscosity is associated with many diseases such as tumor and fatty liver. Herein, a near-infrared fluorescence probe (QX-V) based on quinoline-xanthene dye for detecting viscosity is constructed. In high viscosity medium, the free rotation of single bond is inhibited and the fluorescence is released. The probe shows high sensitivity together with good selectivity. Notably, QX-V has a long excitation wavelength (710 nm) and emission wavelength (786 nm). At the same time, the probe is a positively charged molecule that can target mitochondria. QX-V can not only distinguish cancer cells from normal cells, but also make a distinction between normal cells and fatty hepatocytes. In addition, QX-V is used to image viscosity abnormality in tumor-bearing mice. The probe also has a good ability to image viscosity abnormality caused by liver injury in fatty-liver mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Chao
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Qiao-Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Guo-Jiang Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Dong-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
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Chin KY, Ekeuku SO, Chew DCH, Trias A. Tocotrienol in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040834. [PMID: 36839192 PMCID: PMC9965814 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) requires innovative management strategies, but an effective pharmacological agent has yet to be found. Apart from weight loss and lifestyle adjustments, one isomer of the vitamin E family-alpha-tocopherol-is currently recommended for nondiabetic steatohepatitis patients. Another member of the vitamin E family, tocotrienol (T3), has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that reach beyond those of alpha-tocopherol, making it a potential agent for use in NAFLD management. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the effects of T3 supplementation on NAFLD from both clinical and preclinical perspectives. A literature search was performed in October 2022 using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Original research articles reporting NAFLD outcomes were included in this review. The search located 12 articles (8 animal studies and 4 human studies). The literature reports state that T3 isomers or natural mixtures (derived from palm or annatto) improved NAFLD outcomes (liver histology, ultrasound or liver profile). However, the improvement depended on the severity of NAFLD, study period and type of intervention (isomers/mixture of different compositions). Mechanistically, T3 improved lipid metabolism and prevented liver steatosis, and reduced mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and ultimately liver fibrosis. In summary, T3 could be a potential agent for use in managing NAFLD, pending more comprehensive preclinical and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9145-9573
| | - Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Deborah Chia Hsin Chew
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Anne Trias
- American River Nutrition, Hadley, MA 01035, USA
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Barboza TK, Susta L, zur Linden A, Gardhouse S, Beaufrère H. Association of plasma metabolites and diagnostic imaging findings with hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and effects of gemfibrozil therapy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0274060. [PMID: 36735707 PMCID: PMC9897564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between plasma metabolites, biochemical analytes, diagnostic imaging findings, and the histologic diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons. To assess the effects of gemfibrozil therapy on hepatic lipid accumulation and associated diagnostic tests. ANIMALS Fourteen bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) with varying severity of hepatic lipid accumulation (with and without hepatic lipidosis) were included. PROCEDURES Animals underwent coelomic ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, and coelioscopic hepatic biopsies. Clinical pathology tests included lipidologic tests, hepatic biomarkers, and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Animals were medicated with gemfibrozil 6mg/kg orally once a day for 2 months in a randomized blinded clinical trial prior to repeating previous diagnostic testing. RESULTS Hounsfield units on CT were negatively associated with increased hepatic vacuolation, while ultrasound and gross evaluation of the liver were not reliable. Beta-hydroxybutyric-acid (BHBA) concentrations were significantly associated with hepatic lipidosis. Metabolomics and lipidomics data found BHBA and succinic acid to be potential biomarkers for diagnosing hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons. Succinic acid concentrations were significantly lower in the gemfibrozil treatment group. There was a tendency for improvement in the biomarkers and reduced hepatic fat in bearded dragons with hepatic lipidosis when treated with gemfibrozil, though the improvement was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide information on the antemortem assessment of hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons and paves the way for further research in diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinita K. Barboza
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonardo Susta
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex zur Linden
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Gardhouse
- Health Sciences Center, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hugues Beaufrère
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Fang QL, Qiao X, Yin XQ, Zeng YC, Du CH, Xue YM, Zhao XJ, Hu CY, Huang F, Lin YP. Flavonoids from Scutellaria amoena C. H. Wright alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and regulate oxidative stress via Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis in rats with high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114160. [PMID: 36571996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is among the most common liver diseases in the world. Flavonoids from Scutellaria amoena (SAF) are used in the treatment of hepatopathy in China. However, the effect and mechanism against NASH remain unclear. We investigated the alleviating effect of SAF on NASH via regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. METHODS The effects of SAF on NASH were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo methods. L02 cells were induced by fat emulsion to establish an adipocytes model, followed by treatment with SAF for 24 h. NASH rat models were established by the administration of a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and were administered SAF for six weeks. Changes in body weight, organ indexes, lipid levels, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial indicators, and fatty acid metabolism were investigated. RESULTS SAF significantly improved body weight, organ indexes, lipid levels, liver injury, and inflammatory infiltration in NASH rats. SAF notably regulated interleukin-6, tumor necrotic factor-alpha, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Additionally, SAF improved mitochondrial dysfunction, increased the levels of GSH, SOD, ATP synthase, complex I and II, and decreased the level of MDA in liver mitochondria. SAF regulated the expression of β-oxidation genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) A, CPT1B, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and PPARα. CONCLUSION SAF can alleviate NASH by regulating mitochondrial function and oxidative stress via the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Lian Fang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xun-Qing Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yong-Mei Xue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chun-Yan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
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Fernández-Tussy P, Sun J, Cardelo MP, Price NL, Goedeke L, Xirouchaki CE, Yang X, Pastor-Rojo O, Bennett AM, Tiganis T, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Hepatocyte-specific miR-33 deletion attenuates NAFLD-NASH-HCC progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.523503. [PMID: 36711578 PMCID: PMC9882318 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.523503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of the multiple mechanisms underlying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression remains a significant challenge for the development of effective therapeutics. miRNAs have shown great promise as regulators of biological processes and as therapeutic targets for complex diseases. Here, we study the role of hepatic miR-33, an important regulator of lipid metabolism, during the progression of NAFLD. We report that miR-33 is overexpressed in hepatocytes isolated from mice with NAFLD and demonstrate that its specific suppression in hepatocytes (miR-33 HKO ) improves multiple aspects of the disease, including insulin resistance, steatosis, and inflammation and limits the progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanistically, we find that hepatic miR-33 deficiency reduces lipid biosynthesis and promotes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation to reduce lipid burden in hepatocytes. Additionally, miR-33 deficiency improves mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress. In miR-33 deficient hepatocytes, we found an increase in AMPKα activation, which regulates several pathways resulting in the attenuation of liver disease. The reduction in lipid accumulation and liver injury resulted in decreased transcriptional activity of the YAP/TAZ pathway, which may be involved in the reduced progression to HCC in the HKO livers. Together, these results suggest suppressing hepatic miR-33 may be an effective therapeutic approach at different stages of NAFLD/NASH/HCC disease progression.
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Peonidin-3-O-Glucoside from Purple Corncob Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Mitochondrial and Lysosome Functions to Reduce Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020372. [PMID: 36678243 PMCID: PMC9866220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A frequent chronic liver condition across the world is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Oxidative stress caused by lipid accumulation is generally considered to be the main cause of NAFLD. Anthocyanins can effectively inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species and improve oxidative stress. In this work, six major anthocyanins were separated from purple corncob by semi-preparative liquid chromatography. The effects of the 6 kinds of anthocyanins against NAFLD were investigated using a free fatty acid (FFA)-induced cell model. The results showed that peonidin 3-O-glucoside (P3G) can significantly reduce lipid accumulation in the NAFLD cell model. The treatment with P3G also inhibited oxidative stress via inhibiting the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and superoxide anion, increasing glutathione levels, and enhancing the activities of SOD, GPX, and CAT. Further studies unveiled that treatment with P3G not only alleviated inflammation but also improved the depletion of mitochondrial content and damage of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain developed concomitantly in the cell model. P3G upregulated transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated lysosomal function and activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)-mediated peroxisomal lipid oxidation by interacting with PPARα possibly. Overall, this study added to our understanding of the protective effects of purple corn anthocyanins against NAFLD and offered suggestions for developing functional foods containing these anthocyanins.
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Ding SB, Chu XL, Jin YX, Jiang JJ, Zhao X, Yu M. Epigallocatechin gallate alleviates high-fat diet-induced hepatic lipotoxicity by targeting mitochondrial ROS-mediated ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1148814. [PMID: 37025486 PMCID: PMC10070829 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1148814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic advanced liver disease that is highly related to metabolic disorders and induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Recently, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been regarded as a protective bioactive polyphenol in green tea that has the ability to protect against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but the molecular mechanism remains poorly deciphered. Ferroptosis plays a vital role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but experimental evidence of ferroptosis inhibition by epigallocatechin gallate is limited. Hence, our study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of epigallocatechin gallate on hepatic ferroptosis to mitigate hepatic injury in high-fat diet-fed mice. Methods: Fifty male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard chow diet (SCD), a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet and administered epigallocatechin gallate or ferrostatin-1 (a ferroptosis-specific inhibitor) for 12 weeks. Liver injury, lipid accumulation, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, iron overload, and ferroptosis marker proteins were examined. In vitro, steatotic L-02 cells were used to explore the underlying mechanism. Results: In our research, we found that epigallocatechin gallate notably alleviated liver injury and lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, hepatic steatosis, decreased iron overload and inhibited ferroptosis in a high-fat diet-induced murine model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In vitro experiments, using ferrostatin-1 and a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MtROS) scavenger (Mito-TEMPO), we found that epigallocatechin gallate remarkably alleviated oxidative stress and inhibited ferroptosis by reducing the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in steatotic L-02 cells. Conclusion: Taken together, our results revealed that epigallocatechin gallate may exert protective effects on hepatic lipotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-mediated hepatic ferroptosis. Findings from our study provide new insight into prevention and treatment strategies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathological processes.
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García-Berumen CI, Vargas-Vargas MA, Ortiz-Avila O, Piña–Zentella RM, Ramos-Gómez M, Figueroa–García MDC, Mejía-Zepeda R, Rodríguez–Orozco AR, Saavedra–Molina A, Cortés-Rojo C. Avocado oil alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by improving mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats fed a high fat-High fructose diet. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1089130. [PMID: 36601051 PMCID: PMC9807168 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1089130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, and in advanced stages, by inflammation and fibrosis. Excessive ROS production due to mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to NAFLD development, making the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production an emerging target to alleviate NAFLD. Previously, we have shown that avocado oil, a source of several bioactive compounds with antioxidant effects, decreases oxidative stress by improving the function of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) and decreasing ROS levels in mitochondria of diabetic and hypertensive rats. Therefore, we tested in this work whether avocado oil alleviates NAFLD by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. NAFLD was induced in rats by a high fat-high fructose (HF) diet administered for six (HF6) or twelve (HF12) weeks. Hepatic steatosis, hypertrophy and inflammation were detected in both the HF6 and HF12 groups. Hyperglycemia was observed only in the HF12 group. The HF6 and HF12 groups displayed dyslipidemia, impairments in mitochondrial respiration, complex III activity, and electron transfer in cytochromes in the complex III. This led to an increase in the levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation. The substitution of the HF6 diet by standard chow and avocado oil for 6 weeks (HF6+AVO + D), or supplementation of the HF12 diet with avocado oil (HF12 + AVO), ameliorated NAFLD, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and counteracted mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress. The substitution of the HF6 diet by standard chow without avocado oil did not correct many of these abnormalities, confirming that the removal of the HF diet is not enough to counteract NAFLD and mitochondrial dysfunction. In summary, avocado oil decreases NAFLD by improving mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar Ortiz-Avila
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Mejía-Zepeda
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Alain Raimundo Rodríguez–Orozco
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas “Dr. Ignacio Chávez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
| | - Alfredo Saavedra–Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico–Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico–Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México,*Correspondence: Christian Cortés-Rojo,
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Amelioration of Hepatic Steatosis by the Androgen Receptor Inhibitor EPI-001 in Mice and Human Hepatic Cells Is Associated with the Inhibition of CYP2E1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416063. [PMID: 36555703 PMCID: PMC9785868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as a metabolic disease characterized by hepatic steatosis. Despite the growing burden of NAFLD, approved pharmacological treatment is lacking. As an inhibitor of androgen receptor (AR), EPI-001 is being explored for the treatment of prostate cancer. This study aimed to investigate the potential of EPI-001 for treating NAFLD in free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced human hepatic cells and high-fat-high-sugar (HFHS)-feeding mice. Our results showed that EPI-001 reduced lipid accumulation in hepatic cells and ameliorated hepatic steatosis in mouse livers. Further exploration suggested that the effect of EPI-001 was associated with CYP2E1-mediated reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This provides encouraging evidence for further studies on EPI-001 therapy for NAFLD.
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Zhang X, Yu H, Yan X, Li P, Wang C, Zhang C, Ji H, Gao Q, Dong S. Selenium improved mitochondrial quality and energy supply in the liver of high-fat diet-fed grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after heat stress. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1701-1716. [PMID: 36348187 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of dietary selenium on hepatic mitochondrial quality and energy supply of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed with high-fat diet (HFD) after heat stress (HS). Grass carp were fed with HFD, and HFD contained 0.3 mg/kg nano-selenium for 10 weeks, thereafter exposed to HS from 26 to 34 °C, and named the HFD + HS (control) group and the HFD + Se + HS group, respectively. The results show that selenium significantly prompted the growth, increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, but reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum of grass carp fed with HFD after HS. Further, selenium alleviated mitochondrial damage and increased the number of mitochondrial DNA copies in the liver of the grass carp fed with HFD after HS. And selenium also maintained mitochondrial homeostasis by upregulating the expression of mitochondrial quality control-related genes (pgc-1α, nrf1/2, tfam, opa1, mfn1/2, and drp1), mitophagy-related genes (beclin1, atg5, atg12, pink1, and parkin), and the protein expression of parkin and LC3-II/I in the liver of grass carp. Finally, selenium reduced the triglyceride (TG) level and increased the free fatty acid (FFA) level and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in the liver of grass carp fed with HFD after HS. In conclusion, dietary selenium alleviated liver damage and improved liver mitochondrial quality and ATP production by increasing liver antioxidant capacity and promoting liver mitochondrial quality in grass carp fed with HFD after HS, which help grass carp to resist these two stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China.
| | - Xianfang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Pengju Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Chi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Qinfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
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Promising hepatoprotective effects of lycopene in different liver diseases. Life Sci 2022; 310:121131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Energy substrate metabolism and oxidative stress in metabolic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1721-1739. [PMID: 36396746 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic cardiomyopathy is an emerging cause of heart failure in patients with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. It is characterized by impaired myocardial metabolic flexibility, intramyocardial triglyceride accumulation, and lipotoxic damage in association with structural and functional alterations of the heart, unrelated to hypertension, coronary artery disease, and other cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of metabolic cardiomyopathy. Mitochondria are the most significant sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes. Disturbances in myocardial substrate metabolism induce mitochondrial adaptation and dysfunction, manifested as a mismatch between mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and the electron transport chain (ETC) activity, which facilitates ROS production within the ETC components. In addition, non-ETC sources of mitochondrial ROS, such as β-oxidation of fatty acids, may also produce a considerable quantity of ROS in metabolic cardiomyopathy. Augmented ROS production in cardiomyocytes can induce a variety of effects, including the programming of myocardial energy substrate metabolism, modulation of metabolic inflammation, redox modification of ion channels and transporters, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, ultimately leading to the structural and functional alterations of the heart. Based on the above mechanistic views, the present review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying metabolic cardiomyopathy, focusing on the role of oxidative stress.
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Sabharwal A, Wishman MD, Cervera RL, Serres MR, Anderson JL, Holmberg SR, Kar B, Treichel AJ, Ichino N, Liu W, Yang J, Ding Y, Deng Y, Lacey JM, Laxen WJ, Loken PR, Oglesbee D, Farber SA, Clark KJ, Xu X, Ekker SC. Genetic therapy in a mitochondrial disease model suggests a critical role for liver dysfunction in mortality. eLife 2022; 11:e65488. [PMID: 36408801 PMCID: PMC9859037 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical and largely unpredictable heterogeneity of phenotypes in patients with mitochondrial disorders demonstrates the ongoing challenges in the understanding of this semi-autonomous organelle in biology and disease. Previously, we used the gene-breaking transposon to create 1200 transgenic zebrafish strains tagging protein-coding genes (Ichino et al., 2020), including the lrpprc locus. Here, we present and characterize a new genetic revertible animal model that recapitulates components of Leigh Syndrome French Canadian Type (LSFC), a mitochondrial disorder that includes diagnostic liver dysfunction. LSFC is caused by allelic variations in the LRPPRC gene, involved in mitochondrial mRNA polyadenylation and translation. lrpprc zebrafish homozygous mutants displayed biochemical and mitochondrial phenotypes similar to clinical manifestations observed in patients, including dysfunction in lipid homeostasis. We were able to rescue these phenotypes in the disease model using a liver-specific genetic model therapy, functionally demonstrating a previously under-recognized critical role for the liver in the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Sabharwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Mark D Wishman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Roberto Lopez Cervera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - MaKayla R Serres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Shannon R Holmberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Bibekananda Kar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Anthony J Treichel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Noriko Ichino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Weibin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Jingchun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Yonghe Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Jean M Lacey
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - William J Laxen
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Perry R Loken
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Devin Oglesbee
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Steven A Farber
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Karl J Clark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
| | - Stephen C Ekker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterUnited States
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45
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Ge M, Huang L, Ma Y, Sun S, Wu L, Xu W, Yang D. MLN4924 Treatment Diminishes Excessive Lipid Storage in High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by Stimulating Hepatic Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipid Metabolites. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112460. [PMID: 36432651 PMCID: PMC9696831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MLN4924 is a selective neddylation inhibitor that has shown great potential in treating several cancer and metabolic diseases, including obesity. However, it remains largely unknown whether MLN4924 has similar effect on non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), which is closely associated with metabolic disorders. Here, we investigated the role of MLN4924 in NAFLD treatment and the underlying mechanism of the action using primary hepatocytes stimulated with free fatty acid, as well as high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mouse models. We found that MLN4924 can inhibit the accumulation of lipid and reduce the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a key player in adipocyte differentiation and function in both in vivo and in vitro models. Moreover, we verified its important role in decreasing the synthesis and accumulation of fat in the liver, thus mitigating the development of NAFLD in the mouse model. The body weight and fat mass in MLN4924-treated animals were significantly reduced compared to the control group, while the metabolic activity, including O2 consumption, CO2 and heat production, also increased in these animals. Importantly, we demonstrated for the first time that MLN4924 can markedly boost mitochondrial fat acid oxidation (FAO) to alter liver lipid metabolism. Finally, we compared the metabolites between MLN4924-treated and untreated Huh7 cells after fatty acid induction using lipidomics methods and techniques. We found induction of several metabolites in the treated cells, including Beta-guanidinopropionic acid (b-GPA) and Fluphenazine, which was in accordance with the increase of FAO and metabolism. Together, our study provided a link between neddylation modification and energy metabolism, as well as evidence for targeting neddylation as an emerging therapeutic approach to tackle NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiao Ge
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yinjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuangyi Sun
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dongqin Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (D.Y.)
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46
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Arefhosseini S, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Najafipour F, Tutunchi H. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease across endocrinopathies: Interaction with sex hormones. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1032361. [PMID: 36419770 PMCID: PMC9676462 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1032361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent chronic liver disease globally. NAFLD is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and it has been recently suggested that to rename NAFLD as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). NAFLD has been studied in different endocrine axes and accumulating body of clinical and experimental studies have suggested that NAFLD is associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), hypopituitarism, growth hormone deficiency (GHD), hypogonadism and other endocrine disorders. In fact, endocrine dysfunction may be considered as the major contributor for the development, progression, and severity of NAFLD. In the present comprehensive review, we discussed the epidemiological and clinical evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of NAFLD in endocrine disorders, with an emphasis on the effects of sex-specific hormones/conditions as well as molecular basis of NAFLD development in these endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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47
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Choi SE, Hwang Y, Lee SJ, Jung H, Shin TH, Son Y, Park S, Han SJ, Kim HJ, Lee KW, Lee G, Kemper JK, Song HK, Kang Y. Mitochondrial protease ClpP supplementation ameliorates diet-induced NASH in mice. J Hepatol 2022; 77:735-747. [PMID: 35421426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a pathogenic linker in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Inappropriate mitochondrial protein-quality control, possibly induced by insufficiency of the mitochondrial matrix caseinolytic protease P (ClpP), can potentially cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Herein, we aimed to investigate hepatic ClpP levels in a diet-induced model of NASH and determine whether supplementation of ClpP can ameliorate diet-induced NASH. METHODS NASH was induced by a high-fat/high-fructose (HF/HFr) diet in C57BL/6J mice. Stress/inflammatory signals were induced in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) by treatment with palmitate/oleate (PA/OA). ClpP levels in hepatocytes were reduced using the RNAi-mediated gene knockdown technique but increased through the viral transduction of ClpP. ClpP activation was induced by administering a chemical activator of ClpP. RESULTS Hepatic ClpP protein levels in C57BL/6J mice fed a HF/HFr diet were lower than the levels in those fed a normal chow diet. PA/OA treatment also decreased the ClpP protein levels in MPHs. Overexpression or activation of ClpP reversed PA/OA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and stress/inflammatory signal activation in MPHs, whereas ClpP knockdown induced mitochondrial dysfunction and stress/inflammatory signals in these cells. On the other hand, ClpP overexpression or activation improved HF/HFr-induced NASH characteristics such as hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and injury in the C57BL/6J mice, whereas ClpP knockdown further augmented steatohepatitis in mice fed a HF/HFr diet. CONCLUSIONS Reduced ClpP expression and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction are key to the development of diet-induced NASH. ClpP supplementation through viral transduction or chemical activation represents a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent diet-induced NASH. LAY SUMMARY Western diets, containing high fat and high fructose, often induce non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered pathogenically linked to diet-induced NASH. We observed that the mitochondrial protease ClpP decreased in the livers of mice fed a western diet and supplementation of ClpP ameliorated western diet-induced NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-E Choi
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Yoonjung Hwang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Hyunkyung Jung
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA 61801
| | - Tae Hwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Youngho Son
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749; Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Seokho Park
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749; Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Hae Jin Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Kwan Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA 61801
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 136-701
| | - Yup Kang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea 443-749.
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48
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Legaki AI, Moustakas II, Sikorska M, Papadopoulos G, Velliou RI, Chatzigeorgiou A. Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Dynamics and Bioenergetics in Obesity-Related Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:126-143. [PMID: 35501558 PMCID: PMC9399061 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been proposed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a considerable number of disorders, such as neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders, including obesity-related insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo functional and structural adaptations to meet the metabolic requirements of the cell. Alterations in nutrient availability or cellular energy needs can modify their formation through biogenesis and the opposite processes of fission and fusion, the fragmentation, and connection of mitochondrial network areas respectively. Herein, we review and discuss the current literature on the significance of mitochondrial adaptations in obesity and metabolic dysregulation, emphasizing on the role of hepatocyte mitochondrial flexibility in obesity and NAFLD. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics dysregulations to the emergence of NAFLD and its progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Most relevant data suggests that changes in liver mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics hold a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. During obesity and NAFLD, oxidative stress occurs due to the excessive production of ROS, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, mitochondria become incompetent and uncoupled from respiratory chain activities, further promoting hepatic fat accumulation, while leading to liver inflammation, insulin resistance, and disease's deterioration. Elucidation of the mechanisms leading to dysfunctional mitochondrial activity of the hepatocytes during NAFLD is of predominant importance for the development of novel therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of this metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigli-Ioanna Legaki
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis I. Moustakas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michalina Sikorska
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Grigorios Papadopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Rallia-Iliana Velliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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49
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Sabir U, Irfan HM, Alamgeer, Umer I, Niazi ZR, Asjad HMM. Phytochemicals targeting NAFLD through modulating the dual function of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) transcription factor signaling pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:741-755. [PMID: 35357518 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02234-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Literature evidence reveals that natural compounds are potential candidates for ameliorating obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by targeting forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) transcription factor. FOXO1 has a dual and complex role in regulating both increase and decrease in lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and adipose tissues (AT) at different stages of NAFLD. In insulin resistance (IR), it is constitutively expressed, resulting in increased hepatic glucose output and lipid metabolism irregularity. The studies on different phytochemicals indicate that dysregulation of FOXO1 causes disturbance in cellular nutrients homeostasis, and the natural entities have an enduring impact on the mitigation of these abnormalities. The current review communicates and evaluates certain phytochemicals through different search engines, targeting FOXO1 and its downstream cellular pathways to find lead compounds as potential therapeutic agents for treating NAFLD and related metabolic disorders. The findings of this review confirm that polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and anthocyanins are capable of modulating FOXO1 and associated signaling pathways, and they are potential therapeutic agents for NAFLD and related complications. HIGHLIGHTS: • FOXO1 has the potential to be targeted by novel drugs from natural sources for the treatment of NAFLD and obesity. • FOXO1 regulates cellular autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipogenesis through alternative mechanisms. • Phytochemicals treat NAFLD by acting on FOXO1 or SREBP1c and PPARγ transcription factor signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Sabir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | - Alamgeer
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Umer
- Pharmacy Department, Comsat International University Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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50
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Cai J, Huang J, Yang J, Chen X, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Liu Q, Zhang Z. The protective effect of selenoprotein M on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the role of the AMPKα1-MFN2 pathway and Parkin mitophagy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:354. [PMID: 35678878 PMCID: PMC11073218 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to a dysregulation of mitophagy, a process that is not fully understood. Parkin-related mitophagy can sustain mitochondrial homeostasis and hepatocyte viability. Herein, we report that selenoprotein M (SELENOM) plays a central role in maintaining mitophagy in high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated NAFLD. We show that SELENOM was significantly downregulated in the liver of HFD-fed mice. SELENOM deletion aggravated HFD-mediated hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis; accompanied by enhanced fatty acid oxidation and oxidative stress in the liver. Molecular analyses show that lipotoxicity was related to increased mitochondrial apoptosis as evidenced by enhanced mitochondrial ROS production, and attenuation of mitochondrial potential in the liver of HFD-fed SELENOM-/- mice. Additionally, SELENOM deletion reduced mitophagy and aggravated hepatic injury in NAFLD. Mechanistically, SELENOM overexpression activated Parkin-mediated mitophagy to reduce mitochondrial apoptosis and remove HFD-damaged mitochondria. We further found that SELENOM regulates Parkin expression via the AMPKα1-MFN2 pathway; blockade of AMPKα1 prevented SELENOM activation of Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Our work identified SELENOM downregulation as a possible explanation for the defective mitophagy in NAFLD. Thus, targeting SELENOM may be potential new therapeutic modalities for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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