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Faienza MF, Cognetti E, Farella I, Antonioli A, Tini S, Antoniotti V, Prodam F. Dietary fructose: from uric acid to a metabolic switch in pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39157959 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2392150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Fructose consumption in pediatric subjects is rising, as the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Despite increasing evidence supporting the detrimental effects of fructose in the development of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its related comorbidities, the association between fructose intake and liver disease remains unclear, mainly in youths. The current narrative review aims to illustrate the correlation between fructose metabolism and liver functions besides its impact on obesity and MASLD in pediatrics. Fructose metabolism is involved in the liver through the classical lipogenic pathway via de novo lipogenesis (DNL) or in the alternative pathway via uric acid accumulation. Hyperuricemia is one of the main features of MALSD patients, underlining how uric acid is growing interest as a new marker of disease. Observational and interventional studies conducted in children and adolescents, who consumed large amounts of fructose and glucose in their diet, were included. Most of these studies emphasized the association between high fructose intake and weight gain, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and MASLD/MASH, even in normal-weight children. Conversely, reducing fructose intake ameliorates liver fat accumulation, lipid profile, and weight. In conclusion, fructose seems a potent inducer of both insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cognetti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Farella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Tini
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Prodam
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Gregolin CS, do Nascimento M, de Souza SLB, Mota GAF, Luvizotto RDAM, Sugizaki MM, Bazan SGZ, de Campos DHS, Camacho CRC, Cicogna AC, do Nascimento AF. Cardiac dysfunction in sucrose-fed rats is associated with alterations of phospholamban phosphorylation and TNF-α levels. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 589:112236. [PMID: 38608803 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High sucrose intake is linked to cardiovascular disease, a major global cause of mortality worldwide. Calcium mishandling and inflammation play crucial roles in cardiac disease pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE Evaluate if sucrose-induced obesity is related to deterioration of myocardial function due to alterations in the calcium-handling proteins in association with proinflammatory cytokines. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into control and sucrose groups. Over eight weeks, Sucrose group received 30% sucrose water. Cardiac function was determined in vivo using echocardiography and in vitro using papillary muscle assay. Western blotting was used to detect calcium handling protein; ELISA assay was used to assess TNF-α and IL-6 levels. RESULTS Sucrose led to cardiac dysfunction. RYR2, SERCA2, NCX, pPBL Ser16 and L-type calcium channels were unchanged. However, pPBL-Thr17, and TNF-α levels were elevated in the S group. CONCLUSION Sucrose induced cardiac dysfunction and decreased myocardial contractility in association with altered pPBL-Thr17 and elevated cardiac pro-inflammatory TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Schmitt Gregolin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School (FMB) of São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu Campus, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena do Nascimento
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Augusto Ferreira Mota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Mateus Sugizaki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Silméia Garcia Zanati Bazan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dijon Henrique Salomé de Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Renata Corrêa Camacho
- Department of Pathology, Medical School (FMB) of São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu Campus, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Tabung FK, Smith-Warner SA, Giovannucci E. High-quality fruit and vegetable characterized by cardiometabolic biomarkers and its relation to major chronic disease risk: results from 3 prospective United States cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 120:369-379. [PMID: 38802063 PMCID: PMC11347790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current guidelines recommend a specified total serving of fruits and vegetables (FV). However, how differences in their nutritional quality of specific FV influence overall health remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To identify high-quality FV using 14 cardiometabolic biomarkers, and assess their consumption, alongside overall FV intake, with chronic disease risk. METHODS We used data from 3 prospective cohorts, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, Nurses' Health Study (NHS), and NHSII. Diet was assessed at baseline and updated every 4 y. Biomarker analysis was conducted on 41,714 participants using generalized linear models. Metabolic quality was ascertained by each FV's association with biomarkers. Major chronic disease risk analysis involved 207,241 participants followed for 32 y with Cox proportional hazards models. We also analyzed atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Of 52 FV items, 19 were identified as high-metabolic quality (top 5: apples/pears, iceberg/head lettuce, raw spinach, alfalfa sprouts, and eggplant/summer squash). In disease risk analysis, 60,712 major chronic disease events were recorded. A higher proportion of high-metabolic quality FV intake was associated with lower chronic disease risk across total FV quantity levels. In each quantity level stratum (quartiles Q1-Q4), comparing the highest to the lowest quality proportion quartiles, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 0.85 (0.81-0.90), 0.86 (0.82-0.90), 0.84 (0.80-0.89), and 0.89 (0.84-0.94), all P-trend < 0.001. Patterns were similar for ASCVD, T2D, and COPD but less consistent for cancer. High total FV intake, if consisting mostly of neutral or low-metabolic quality items, was not associated with lower chronic disease risk. For diabetes specifically, these were associated with significantly higher risk [quantity-Q3, HR: 1.13 (1.05, 1.22); quantity-Q4, HR: 1.17 (1.07, 1.28)]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate the importance of considering both quality and quantity of FV for health, and support dietary guidelines to emphasize high-metabolic quality FV consumption alongside overall intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Wang Y, Tang Y, Li Z, Jiang C, Jiang W, Hu Z. Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and chronic low back pain. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1418393. [PMID: 39021606 PMCID: PMC11252024 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1418393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has become a major public health problem globally. However, no studies have specifically examined the relationship between SSB intake and chronic low back pain (CLBP). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between SSB intake and the risk of CLBP. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled participants aged 20 to 69 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CLBP was defined as persistent LBP for a consecutive three-month period. Furthermore, SSB intake was assessed and calculated based on dietary recall interviews. Moreover, survey-weighted logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association between SSB intake and the risk of CLBP, while the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to determine whether there were nonlinear associations between SSB intake and CLBP risk. In addition, subgroup analysis was performed using stratification and interaction analysis for all covariates. Results A total of 4,146 participants (mean age: 43.405 years) were enrolled in the final analysis. The results of survey-weighted logistic regression models showed that SSB consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of CLBP among individuals aged 20 to 69 years. Moreover, the results of subgroup analysis and interaction analysis demonstrated that the association between SSB intake and the risk of CLBP was modified by smoking status and hypertension. Specifically, the SSB intake-associated CLBP risk was more pronounced among current smokers or individuals with hypertension. Conclusion Reduction of SSB consumption might contribute to the prevention of CLBP for individuals aged 20 to 69 years. Moreover, current smokers or individuals with hypertension should be more vigilant about the SSB intake-associated CLBP risk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when interpreting the results of this study, as further research is necessary to explore the association between SSB consumption and CLBP, given the limitations of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuchen Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhichun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Changhai Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Takata T, Inoue S, Masauji T, Miyazawa K, Motoo Y. Generation and Accumulation of Various Advanced Glycation End-Products in Cardiomyocytes May Induce Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7319. [PMID: 39000424 PMCID: PMC11242264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be classified as ischemic or non-ischemic. We consider the induction of cardiac tissue dysfunction by intracellular advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in cardiomyocytes as a novel type of non-ischemic CVD. Various types of AGEs can be generated from saccharides (glucose and fructose) and their intermediate/non-enzymatic reaction byproducts. Recently, certain types of AGEs (Nε-carboxymethyl-lycine [CML], 2-ammnonio-6-[4-(hydroxymetyl)-3-oxidopyridinium-1-yl]-hexanoate-lysine [4-hydroxymethyl-OP-lysine, hydroxymethyl-OP-lysine], and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolone-2-yl)-ornithine [MG-H1]) were identified and quantified in the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and F-actin-tropomyosin filament in the cardiomyocytes of mice or patients with diabetes and/or heart failure. Under these conditions, the excessive leakage of Ca2+ from glycated RyR2 and reduced contractile force from glycated F-actin-tropomyosin filaments induce cardiomyocyte dysfunction. CVDs are included in lifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs), which ancient people recognized and prevented using traditional medicines (e.g., Kampo medicines). Various natural compounds, such as quercetin, curcumin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate, in these drugs can inhibit the generation of intracellular AGEs through mechanisms such as the carbonyl trap effect and glyoxalase 1 activation, potentially preventing CVDs caused by intracellular AGEs, such as CML, hydroxymethyl-OP, and MG-H1. These investigations showed that bioactive herbal extracts obtained from traditional medicine treatments may contain compounds that prevent CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takata
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Biology, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan;
| | - Shinya Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (S.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Togen Masauji
- Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan;
| | - Katsuhito Miyazawa
- Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (S.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Yoshiharu Motoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukui Saiseikai Hospital, Wadanaka, Fukui 918-8503, Japan
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Poskute AS, Ang IYH, Rahman N, Geliebter A. Effects of discounting fruits, vegetables, and noncaloric beverages in New York City supermarkets on purchasing, intake, and weight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:1290-1301. [PMID: 38932711 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess purchasing, intake, and weight after discounting fruits and vegetables (F&V) and noncaloric beverages in New York City supermarkets. METHODS A 16-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with a 4-week baseline, an 8-week intervention with 50% discounts on F&V and noncaloric beverages, and a 4-week follow-up. Purchasing was tracked via loyalty cards, and intake was tracked via 24-h dietary recalls. Weights were measured at five in-person visits. RESULTS Data from 67 participants were analyzed (38 in the experimental group; 29 in the control group). F&V and noncaloric beverage weekly purchasing was greater in the experimental than the control group (mean difference [SD], $4.64 [$1.44], p < 0.0001; $0.53 [$0.39], p = 0.008) during intervention, with F&V purchasing remaining greater in the experimental versus control group during follow-up (p = 0.005). F&V intake was greater for the experimental than the control group during intervention (142 [105] g/day; p = 0.009) and follow-up (p = 0.001). Although no difference in noncaloric beverage consumption was observed between groups, there was lower alcohol intake in the experimental than the control group during follow-up (-85.8 [60.2] g/day; p = 0.004). The experimental group lost weight compared with the control group (-1.33 [0.92] kg; p = 0.006 intervention and p = 0.106 follow-up). No differences in nutrient composition or high energy-dense product consumption were found. CONCLUSIONS A 50% discount on F&V and noncaloric beverages promoted increased purchasing and intake of F&V and induced weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atene S Poskute
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian Yi Han Ang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Allan Geliebter
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Lee Y, Kim N, Go S, Kim J, Park J. Sugary snack restriction enhances body composition improvement in overweight women engaging in non-face-to-face walking during COVID-19. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1396598. [PMID: 38887258 PMCID: PMC11180888 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study assesses the impact of dietary modification, specifically sugary snack restriction, in conjunction with a brisk walking program on overweight management in young overweight women, with a focus on changes in body composition and glucose metabolism. Method An 8-week randomized controlled trial was conducted amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing a remote intervention approach to comply with health guidelines and ensure participant safety. The study's remote nature highlights adaptability in health interventions during challenging periods, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Twenty-one overweight Korean women aged 20-39, with an average BMI of 24.6, were selected for the study. They were divided into two groups: one engaging in brisk walking and the other combining this exercise with a sugary snack restriction, demonstrating the study's focus on comparative intervention efficacy. Results The exercise-only group showed notable reductions in glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR (p < 0.05), and total cholesterol levels (p < 0.01). In contrast, the group that combined exercise with dietary modification displayed more pronounced improvements in body weight, fat mass, and waist circumference (p < 0.05). This differential outcome emphasizes the added benefit of integrating dietary control with physical activity. Discussion The findings suggest that adding a dietary component, particularly a sugary snack restriction, to an exercise regimen can significantly enhance the effectiveness of overweight management in young women. This study underscores the importance of holistic lifestyle interventions that combine dietary and physical activity modifications for improved health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjun Lee
- Physical Activity in Youth with Disabilities Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Go
- Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Park
- Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ding P, Yue W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Guo X. Effects of sugary drinks, coffee, tea and fruit juice on incidence rate, mortality and cardiovascular complications of type2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1113-1123. [PMID: 38932853 PMCID: PMC11196440 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims Despite more and more studies indicate that beverages play an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), the efficacy of intaking different beverages for T2DM has not been clearly stated in one article. The meta-analysis was performed, which aims to assess the effects of beverages on mortality and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and the incidence of T2DM. Method PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were search up to March, 2023 to identify relevant studies, including studies researching beverage consumption, the incidence and mortality of T2DM and incidence of cardiovascular disease, a kind of complication of T2DM. The way to explore the source of heterogeneity is performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were performed to assess publication bias. The Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to analysis the results. Fifteen observational studies were included in our meta-analysis. Results Fifteen eligible articles were included sugar-sweetened beverages(SSB) consumption increased the mortality and incidence of T2DM ( Hazard ratio (HR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.38; P = 0.01 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.06-1.24; P = 0.001), respectively. Artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) consumption was not associated with the mortality and incidence of T2DM (HR,0.96;95%CI, 0.86-1.07; P = 0.464 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.05-1.26; P = 0.003), respectively. Fruit juice consumption increased the incidence of T2DM (HR,1.08;95%CI,1.02-1.14, P = 0.296).Tea or coffee consumption can reduce the incidence of T2DM (HR, 0.89; 95%CI,0.81-0.98; P = 0.016). Tea or coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of mortality of T2DM (HR,0.84; 95% Cl, 0.75-0.94; P = 0.002 and HR,0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.87; P < 0.001), respectively. Additionally, beverage consumption was not associated with cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients (HR,1.03; 95% Cl, 0.82-1.30, P > 0.05). Conclusions High consumption of SSBs led to a higher risk and mortality of T2DM, while high consumption of coffee or tea showed significant associations with a lower risk of the incidence and mortality of T2DM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
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Oliveira JPLD, Carneiro WF, Silva KCDD, Martins MSDA, de Souza SP, Virote BDCR, Konig IFM, Vilas Boas EVDB, Murgas LDS, Carvalho EEN. Diet with different concentrations of lychee peel flour modulates oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant activity in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 272:110964. [PMID: 38431089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The agri-food industry generates substantial waste, leading to significant environmental impacts. Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat), which is rich in bioactive compounds in its peel, pulp, and seeds, offers an opportunity for waste use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing a high-carbohydrate diet with varying levels of lychee peel flour on lipid metabolism biomarkers and oxidative stress in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. A total of 225 zebrafish, approximately four months old, were divided into five groups: control, high-carbohydrate (HC), HC2%, HC4%, and HC6%. The study did not find significant differences in the growth performance of zebrafish in any group. However, the HC6% group exhibited a significant decrease in glucose and triglyceride levels compared with the HC group. Furthermore, this group showed enhanced activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Increased antioxidant activity was also evidenced by DPPH-, ABTS+, and β-carotene/Linoleic acid assays in the HC6% group. A positive correlation was identified between SOD/CAT activity and in vitro antioxidant assays. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 6% lychee peel flour can significantly modulate glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Lima de Oliveira
- Lavras School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - William Franco Carneiro
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kiara Cândido Duarte da Silva
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Moises Silvestre de Azevedo Martins
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stefania Priscilla de Souza
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bárbara do Carmo Rodrigues Virote
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luis David Solis Murgas
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Elena Nunes Carvalho
- Lavras School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Rivera JC, Espinoza-Derout J, Hasan KM, Molina-Mancio J, Martínez J, Lao CJ, Lee ML, Lee DL, Wilson J, Sinha-Hikim AP, Friedman TC. Hepatic steatosis induced by nicotine plus Coca-Cola™ is prevented by nicotinamide riboside (NR). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1282231. [PMID: 38756999 PMCID: PMC11097688 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1282231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cigarettes containing nicotine (Nic) are a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. We reported that Nic delivered via injections or e-cigarette vapor led to hepatic steatosis in mice fed with a high-fat diet. High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is the main sweetener in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the US. Increased consumption of SSBs with HFCS is associated with increased risks of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) increases mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and protects mice against hepatic steatosis. This study evaluated if Nic plus Coca-Cola™ (Coke) with HFCS can cause hepatic steatosis and that can be protected by NR. Methods C57BL/6J mice received twice daily intraperitoneal (IP) injections of Nic or saline and were given Coke (HFCS), or Coke with sugar, and NR supplementation for 10 weeks. Results Our results show that Nic+Coke caused increased caloric intake and induced hepatic steatosis, and the addition of NR prevented these changes. Western blot analysis showed lipogenesis markers were activated (increased cleavage of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 [SREBP1c] and reduction of phospho-Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase [p-ACC]) in the Nic+Coke compared to the Sal+Water group. The hepatic detrimental effects of Nic+Coke were mediated by decreased NAD+ signaling, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage. NR reduced oxidative stress and prevented mitochondrial damage by restoring protein levels of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1) signaling. Conclusion We conclude that Nic+Coke has an additive effect on producing hepatic steatosis, and NR is protective. This study suggests concern for the development of NAFLD in subjects who consume nicotine and drink SSBs with HFCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Rivera
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Espinoza-Derout
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kamrul M. Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jocelyn Molina-Mancio
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jason Martínez
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Candice J. Lao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Martin L. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Biostatistics Department, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Desean L. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian Wilson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amiya P. Sinha-Hikim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Theodore C. Friedman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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11
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Park YH, Lee HS, Yang J, Lim LR, Kwon YJ, Lee JW. Difference in association of carbohydrate intake with all-cause mortality between middle-aged and older Korean adults with and without diabetes mellitus: A prospective study. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1117-1124. [PMID: 38582014 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The relationship between diet and health, particularly the role of carbohydrates, has been extensively studied. However, carbohydrate intake based on individual health conditions remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the association between carbohydrate intake and all-cause mortality varied between individuals with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS This prospective cohort study used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Overall, 143,050 participants were included, with 10.1% having DM. Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between carbohydrate intake and mortality after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS The study showed that 5436 deaths occurred during the median follow-up period of 10.1 years. A significant interaction between carbohydrate intake and DM was observed in the study population (interaction p = 0.061). Higher carbohydrate intake proportion was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality among individuals with DM (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], p-value = 1.10 [1.01-1.20], p = 0.032). Conversely, no association was observed between the proportion of carbohydrate intake and all-cause mortality in participants without DM. Additionally, both total sugar and added sugar intakes were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in participants with DM (adjusted HR, p-value = 1.02 [1.01-1.04], p < 0.001 and 1.18 [1.13-1.24], p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High carbohydrate (%) and added sugar intake were associated with an increased mortality risk in individuals with DM. Reducing carbohydrate intake and opting for healthy carbohydrates to mitigate mortality risk may be beneficial for individuals with DM, particularly when compared with the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwan Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Yang
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Rang Lim
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Greenthal E, Marx K, Grossman ER, Ruffin M, Lucas SA, Benjamin-Neelon SE. Incentives and penalties tied to sales volume in contracts between beverage companies and public universities in the United States. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1279-1288. [PMID: 35623032 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2076098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether and how beverage companies incentivize universities to maximize sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales through pouring rights contracts. METHODS Cross-sectional study of contracts between beverage companies and public U.S. universities with 20,000 or more students active in 2018 or 2019. We requested contracts from 143 universities. The primary measures were presence of financial incentives and penalties tied to sales volume. RESULTS 124 universities (87%) provided 131 unique contracts (64 Coca-Cola, 67 Pepsi). 125 contracts (95%) included at least one provision tying payments to sales volume. The most common incentive type was commissions, found in 104 contracts (79%). Nineteen contracts (15%) provided higher commissions or rebates for carbonated soft drinks compared to bottled water. CONCLUSIONS Most contracts between universities and beverage companies incentivized universities to market and sell bottled beverages, particularly SSBs. Given the health risks associated with consumption of SSBs, universities should consider their role in promoting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Greenthal
- Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, DC
| | - Katherine Marx
- Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, DC
| | - Elyse R Grossman
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martha Ruffin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephanie A Lucas
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sara E Benjamin-Neelon
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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13
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Lemmon B, Montuclard A, Solar SE, Roberts E, Joo TW, Falbe J. Student Opposition to University Pouring Rights Contracts. AJPM FOCUS 2024; 3:100190. [PMID: 38357553 PMCID: PMC10864850 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The majority of large public universities have exclusive pouring rights contracts with beverage companies that produce and market sugar-sweetened beverages. Pouring rights contracts contain provisions that conflict with recommendations from major public health organizations that institutions reduce sugar-sweetened beverage availability, marketing, and consumption. This study assessed the following among students at 3 public universities: student perception of pouring rights contracts (the extent to which they favored or opposed pouring rights contracts), the association between student socioeconomic characteristics and perception of pouring rights contracts, student estimates of pouring rights contract revenue, and the association between student pouring rights contract revenue estimates and perception of pouring rights contracts. To contextualize results, actual pouring rights contract revenue as a percentage of total revenues was estimated. Methods A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted among a convenience sample of 1,311 undergraduate sugar-sweetened beverages-consuming students recruited from 3 large and diverse public universities in Northern California. On an online questionnaire, undergraduate students indicated the extent to which they favored or opposed pouring rights contracts on a 10-point scale (oppose=1-5, favor=6-10) and provided a numeric estimate of the percentage of total university revenue they thought their university's pouring rights contract generated. Regression models were used to analyze differences in perception of pouring rights contracts by student socioeconomic characteristics and estimates of university revenues generated by pouring rights contracts. In addition, pouring rights contracts and financial reports were obtained from the 3 universities to estimate actual pouring rights contract revenue as a percentage of total revenues. Survey data were collected between August and November 2018 and analyzed in August 2022. Results A large majority of students (81%) opposed pouring rights contracts, and the opposition did not significantly differ by student socioeconomic characteristics, including by levels of food security, need-based financial aid, participation in federal food assistance or healthcare programs, parental education, or parental income (all ps>0.14). The median student estimate for pouring rights contract revenue as a percentage of total university revenue was 10%. In contrast, the estimated actual annual revenue generated from the pouring rights contracts ranged from 0.01% to 0.04% at these schools. Revenue estimates were not significantly associated with participants' opposition or favoring of pouring rights contracts (p=0.65). Conclusions A large majority of students opposed pouring rights contracts, and this opposition was similar regardless of student socioeconomic characteristics or student estimates of pouring rights contract revenues. Students markedly overestimated (by >100-1,000-fold) the percentage of university revenue that came from pouring rights contracts. University administration should consider student views on pouring rights contracts when deciding whether to exit or continue with pouring rights contracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Lemmon
- Graduate Group in Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Astrid Montuclard
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Sarah E. Solar
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Emily Roberts
- Graduate Group in Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Thomas W. Joo
- School of Law, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Jennifer Falbe
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
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14
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Peñalvo JL. The impact of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages on diabetes: a critical review. Diabetologia 2024; 67:420-429. [PMID: 38177563 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The global burden of type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate, fuelled by the obesity epidemic, with significant associated health and economic consequences and apparent inequalities. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major source of added sugars in diets worldwide and have been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes through a variety of mechanisms, including excess weight. Taxing SSBs has become a promising public health strategy to reduce consumption and mitigate the burden of type 2 diabetes. A substantial body of evidence suggests that SSB taxes lead to increased prices and subsequent reduced consumption, with a potentially greater effect among lower socioeconomic groups. This highlights the potential for tax policies to have an impact on type 2 diabetes and address health inequalities. Evidence from several ongoing SSB tax schemes, including sales and excise taxes, indicates positive effects on improving consumption patterns, and modelling studies point to health gains by averting type 2 diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases. In contrast, evidence from empirical evaluation of the impact of SSB tax is scarce. Continued monitoring and the strengthening of evaluation research to develop context-tailored policies are required. In addition, there is a need to implement complementary efforts to amplify the impact of SSB taxation and effectively address the global burden of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Peñalvo
- Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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15
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Xu H, Zhao Y, Tan R, Li M, Yu C, Rui D, Li J, Xiong Y, Zheng W. Association of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with elevated blood pressure among college students in Yunnan Province, China. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e85. [PMID: 38418286 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although some studies have examined the association between eating behaviour and elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescents, current data on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and EBP in adolescents in Yunnan Province, China, are lacking. SETTING Cluster sampling was used to survey freshmen at a college in Kunming, Yunnan Province, from November to December. Data on SSB consumption were collected using an FFQ measuring height, weight and blood pressure. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between SSB consumption and EBP, encompassing prehypertension and hypertension with sex-specific analyses. PARTICIPANTS The analysis included 4781 college students. RESULTS Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were detected in 35·10 % (1678/4781) and 39·34 % (1881/4781) of patients, respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, tea beverage consumption was associated with elevated SBP (OR = 1·24, 95 % CI: 1·03, 1·49, P = 0·024), and carbonated beverage (OR = 1·23, 95 % CI: 1·04, 1·45, P = 0·019) and milk beverage (OR = 0·81, 95 % CI: 0·69, 0·95, P = 0·010) consumption was associated with elevated DBP in college students. Moreover, fruit beverage (OR = 1·32, 95 % CI: 1·00, 1·75, P = 0·048) and milk beverage consumption (OR = 0·69, 95 % CI: 0·52, 0·93, P = 0·014) was associated with elevated DBP in males. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that fruit and milk beverage consumption was associated with elevated DBP in males, and no association was observed with EBP in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglv Xu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
- Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Infection Control, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming650051, China
| | - Rui Tan
- Department of Infection Control, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming650051, China
| | - Min Li
- The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan650100, China
| | - Chunjie Yu
- The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan650100, China
| | - Danyun Rui
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
- Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
| | - Jiangli Li
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
- Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
- Community Nursing Research Team of Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan650214, China
| | - Weibin Zheng
- Baoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoshan, Yunnan678100, China
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Skurk T, Grünerbel A, Hummel S, Kabisch S, Keuthage W, Müssig K, Nussbaumer H, Rubin D, Simon MC, Tombek A, Weber KS. Nutritional Recommendations for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:68-82. [PMID: 38232741 DOI: 10.1055/a-2166-6943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Hummel
- Helmholtz Diabetes Centre Institute of Diabetes Research Munich, Research Centre for Health and Environment (GmbH), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Winfried Keuthage
- Specialist Practice for Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Diabetology, Niels Stensen Hospitals, Franziskus Hospital Harderberg, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany
| | | | - Diana Rubin
- Vivantes Hospital Spandau, Berlin, Germany
- Vivantes Humboldt Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Simon
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Astrid Tombek
- Diabetes Centre Bad Mergentheim, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Katharina S Weber
- Institute for Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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17
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Walaszek M, Kachlik Z, Cubała WJ. Low-carbohydrate diet as a nutritional intervention in a major depression disorder: focus on relapse prevention. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38245881 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2303218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Mood disorders are trending to be among the leading causes of years lived with disability. Despite multiple treatment options, around 30% patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) develop treatment resistant depression (TRD) and fail to respond to current pharmacological therapies. This study aimed to explore the potential benefits of nutritional treatment strategies, along with their molecular mechanisms of action, focusing especially on low-carbohydrate diet (LCHD), ketogenic diet (KD) and other strategies based on carbohydrates intake reduction.Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine the impact of LCHD on alleviating depressive symptoms in patients with MDD, along with an explanation of its mode of action.Results: The study revealed significant impact of nutritional interventions based on restriction in carbohydrate intake such as LCHD, KD or sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) exclusion on anxiety or depression symptoms reduction, mood improvement and lower risk of cognitive impairment or depression. The efficacy of these approaches is further substantiated by their underlying molecular mechanisms, mainly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which is a potential key target of sugar restriction diets in terms of neuroplasticity.Discussion: Healthcare professionals may consider implementing LCHD strategies for MDD and TRD patients to modify the disease process, maintain euthymia, and prevent depressive episode relapses. Ranging from the exclusion of SSB to the adherence to rigorous LCHD regimens, these nutritional approaches are safe, straightforward to implement, and may confer benefits for well-being and relapse prevention in this specific patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Walaszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zofia Kachlik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Cárdenas-Torres PA, Orozco-Nuñez E, Dreser-Mansilla AC, Torres-de la Rosa CP, Pérez-Tamayo EM. Challenges to the development of taxation policies for sugar-sweetened beverages in Colombia. BMJ Glob Health 2024; 8:e012074. [PMID: 38195156 PMCID: PMC10846850 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Frequent consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) is related to the risks of developing overweight, obesity, cavities, diabetes and other diseases. Policies to significantly increase taxes on SSB have proven to be effective in reducing their consumption. The political debate on implementing these taxes in Colombia shows a series of barriers to placing this policy on the political agenda, and therefore, to its approval. This work analyses the political process involved in the struggle for the approval of an SBB tax in Colombia, as well as barriers and opportunities to putting it on the political agenda. This is done through a policy analysis with three research methods: a documentary analysis, political mapping of actors and semistructured interviews with key actors. Among the main findings, we have that actors who are in favour of the SSB tax stated that it is needed due to the health problems caused by SSB consumption, while those who opposed it argue that Colombia regulations are sufficient and already inform and educate consumers on excessive sugar consumption and its health implications. The Colombian political context is a barrier to SSB taxation, as the government favours and has a close connection with the food and SSB industry. In short, the policy issue has been reaching the agenda intermittently throughout the years. Nevertheless, new opportunities are arising after the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 administrative changes and further efforts from policy entrepreneurs are required to make this initiative progress in the political agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuel Orozco-Nuñez
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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19
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Wu T, Tan X, Li Y, Liang Y, Fan J. The Relationship between Occupational Fatigue and Well-Being: The Moderating Effect of Unhealthy Eating Behaviour. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:32. [PMID: 38247684 PMCID: PMC10813322 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tech giants are large, well-known internet and technology companies. Employees of such companies are generally expected to work fast and for long periods of time, causing them to experience high occupational fatigue. The relationship between occupational fatigue and well-being is complex. Furthermore, in the context of the workplace, unhealthy eating behaviour may be used as a mechanism to cope with fatigue and stress. This study explored the relationship between occupational fatigue, well-being and unhealthy eating behaviour within this specific professional population. Study 1 used qualitative research methods, in which in-depth interviews were conducted with staff working at 13 tech giants in Shenzhen, China (N = 50). The findings revealed that work-related stress and occupational fatigue are common among employees working for tech giants. Additionally, factors such as unhealthy eating behaviour, workload, working hours and workplace interpersonal relationships were found to influence occupational well-being. Study 2 involved a cross-sessional survey of 237 employees of tech giants. The results indicated that occupational fatigue negatively impacts occupational well-being and that unhealthy eating behaviours play a moderating role between occupational fatigue and occupational well-being. These findings highlight the significance of adopting appropriate measures to improve the situation and cope with the effects of occupational fatigue by managing unhealthy eating behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Wu
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaotong Tan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China (Y.L.)
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China (Y.L.)
| | - Yongqi Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China (Y.L.)
| | - Jialin Fan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China (Y.L.)
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Belmonte-Herrera BH, Domínguez-Avila JA, Ayala-Zavala JF, Valenzuela-Melendres M, Tortoledo-Ortiz O, González-Aguilar GA. Optimization and In Vitro Digestion of a Guava ( Psidium guajava), Mamey ( Pouteria sapota) and Stevia ( Stevia rebaudiana) Functional Beverage. Foods 2023; 13:142. [PMID: 38201170 PMCID: PMC10778707 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Guava and mamey are phenolic- and carotenoid-rich fruits with potential health benefits, but are minimally used as ingredients in functional beverages. The objectives of the present work are to optimize the content of guava and mamey pulps and a stevia solution in the formulation of a functional beverage with high content of bioactive compounds and sensory acceptability using a mixture design analysis, and to analyze its composition after in vitro digestion. The optimized formulation (17.77 and 19.23 g of guava and mamey pulps, respectively; 1% stevia solution) yielded a beverage with 418.21 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 mL and 0.20 mg β-carotene/100 mL, and an antioxidant capacity of 213.58, 78.90 and 234.03 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/100 mL using three methodologies. The mathematical model developed was significant (p < 0.05), according to R2 values between 0.70 and 0.75. α- and β-carotene were quantified during the oral phase of in vitro digestion. Gallic, p-coumaric, ferulic and chlorogenic acids were also identified. The beverage had a general acceptability of 6.72. We conclude that the mathematical model developed was a good predictor of the experimental data and that the optimized beverage contained high bioactive concentrations (phenolics and carotenoids) and was well-accepted by potential consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Haydee Belmonte-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico; (B.H.B.-H.); (J.F.A.-Z.); (M.V.-M.); (O.T.-O.)
| | - J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila
- CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico;
| | - J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico; (B.H.B.-H.); (J.F.A.-Z.); (M.V.-M.); (O.T.-O.)
| | - Martín Valenzuela-Melendres
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico; (B.H.B.-H.); (J.F.A.-Z.); (M.V.-M.); (O.T.-O.)
| | - Orlando Tortoledo-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico; (B.H.B.-H.); (J.F.A.-Z.); (M.V.-M.); (O.T.-O.)
| | - Gustavo A. González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico; (B.H.B.-H.); (J.F.A.-Z.); (M.V.-M.); (O.T.-O.)
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Minari TP, Tácito LHB, Yugar LBT, Ferreira-Melo SE, Manzano CF, Pires AC, Moreno H, Vilela-Martin JF, Cosenso-Martin LN, Yugar-Toledo JC. Nutritional Strategies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5096. [PMID: 38140355 PMCID: PMC10746081 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thinking about greater adherence to dietary planning, it is extremely important to be aware of all nutritional strategies and dietary prescriptions available in the literature, and of which of them is the most efficient for the management of T2DM. METHODS A search was carried out in 2023 for randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines in the following databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, CrossRef and Google Scholar. In total, 202 articles were collected and analyzed. The period of publications was 1983-2023. RESULTS There is still no consensus on what the best nutritional strategy or ideal dietary prescription is, and individuality is necessary. In any case, these references suggest that Mediterranean Diet may of greater interest for the management of T2DM, with the following recommended dietary prescription: 40-50% carbohydrates; 15-25% proteins; 25-35% fats (<7% saturated, 10% polyunsaturated, and 10% monounsaturated); at least 14 g of fiber for every 1000 kcal consumed; and <2300 mg sodium. CONCLUSIONS Individuality is the gold standard for dietary prescriptions, however, the Mediterranean diet with low levels of carbohydrates and fats seems to be the most promising strategy for the management of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Palotta Minari
- Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Helena Bonalume Tácito
- Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sílvia Elaine Ferreira-Melo
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Freitas Manzano
- Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Pires
- Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Moreno
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
| | - José Fernando Vilela-Martin
- Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Neves Cosenso-Martin
- Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo
- Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
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22
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Aljaadi AM, Turki A, Gazzaz AZ, Al-Qahtani FS, Althumiri NA, BinDhim NF. Soft and energy drinks consumption and associated factors in Saudi adults: a national cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1286633. [PMID: 38115880 PMCID: PMC10729318 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1286633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The consumption of soft and energy drinks poses a significant risk for non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. Studies in Saudi Arabia have reported elevated consumption of soft/energy drinks, but nation-wide data is not available. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence of soft and energy drinks consumption and its associated factors among a representative sample of Saudi adults. Methods The present research is a secondary data analysis of the 2021 Sharik Diet and Health National Survey (SDHNS). Current analysis used data on socio-demographics, anthropometrics, physical activity, and soft and energy drink consumption. The frequency of soft and energy drinks consumption is assessed on a weekly basis. Results Of the 5,194 Saudi adults, 3,928 were analyzed. Overall, 67% consumed soft drinks weekly, while 30% consumed energy drinks weekly. In multiple logistic regression, consumption of either soft drinks or energy drinks was associated with males, a younger age, lower income, and lower physical activity. Individuals with overweight or obesity were less likely to consume energy drinks [OR (95%CI): 0.83 (0.71, 0.99) and 0.73 (0.60, 0.90), respectively] than those with healthy weight. However, education level was not associated with either soft or energy drink consumption. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions designed to reduce soft and energy drinks consumption in Saudi adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Aljaadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Turki
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Z. Gazzaz
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. Althumiri
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F. BinDhim
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Kim N, Ahn Y, Ko K, Kim B, Han K, Suh HJ, Jung J, Hong KB. Yeast Hydrolysate Inhibits Lipid Accumulation via Regulation of Lipid Accumulation-Related Genes in a Drosophila Model of High-Sugar Diet-Induced Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16302. [PMID: 38003491 PMCID: PMC10671767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing frequency of processed food consumption has led to the higher ingestion of sugar, increasing the risk of chronic diseases, such as obesity. Yeast hydrolysates (YHs) inhibit body fat accumulation. However, the action mechanism of YH in relation to high-sugar diet-induced obesity is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of YH on lipid accumulation and verify behavioral changes and carbohydrate metabolic gene regulation in high-sugar diet-fed fruit flies. Adult male flies (Drosophila melanogaster; 2-5 days old) were exposed to 20% sucrose for obesity induction. In high-sugar-fed Drosophila, the effect of YH was compared with that of yeast extract. The effects of YH on body conditions and lipid droplet size were quantified and analyzed. Behavioral factors were evaluated by analyzing circadian rhythm patterns and neurotransmitter content, and a molecular approach was used to analyze the expression of metabolism-related genes. Dietary supplementation with YH did not reduce total sugar content, but significantly decreased the triglyceride (TG) levels in Drosophila. A behavioral analysis showed that the total number of night-time activities increased significantly with YH treatment in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, YH effectively regulated the gene expression of insulin-like peptides related to carbohydrate metabolism as well as genes related to lipogenesis. The TG content was significantly reduced at a YH concentration of 0.5%, confirming that the active compound in YH effectively suppresses fat accumulation. These findings support that YH is a potential anti-obesity food material via regulating carbohydrate metabolism in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (N.K.); (K.H.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Research Group of Functional Food Materials, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kayoung Ko
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of SmartBio, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kisoo Han
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (N.K.); (K.H.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (N.K.); (K.H.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Jewon Jung
- Department of SmartBio, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
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Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Norsham J, Nadhra A, Dalila A, Nursyafiqa, Nasuha SI, Das S. Chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleep quality and the association with body mass index among Malaysian women. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1487-1499. [PMID: 37885231 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2267679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the association between chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage intake, and sleep quality among Malaysian women. A cross-sectional study using a validated, self-administered Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire, Beverage Questionnaire and Sleep Quality Index were conducted among 934 Malaysian women. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios of being overweight/underweight and to test the association with poor sleep quality. 40% of Malaysian women were either overweight or obese and 65.4% had poor sleep quality. We found that breakfast skipping (OR: 4.101; CI: 2.378-7.070), poor evening eating (OR: 4.073; CI: 1.631-10.186), and eating the largest meal at night (OR: 6.970; CI: 1.944-24.994) increased the odds of being underweight. On the other hand, the daily consumption of 100% fruit juices (OR: 1.668; CI: 1.058-1.731), daily consumption of sweetened coffee or tea (OR: 1.707; CI: 1.162-2.508) and consumption of diet soft drinks by 6 times or fewer (OR: 1.484; CI: 1.066-2.064) are associated with increased odds of being overweight. However, when adjusted, only poor evening latency (AOR: 16.638; CI: 1.986-139.383) revealed an increased odd of being underweight. The highest odds predicting poor sleep quality were found for eating the largest meal during dinner (OR: 3.696; CI: 1.967-6.945) and (AOR: 2.194; CI: 1.119-4.304) when adjusted. Hence, the result indicates that multifactorial impacts on women's body weight and recommendations to adjust chrononutrition and sugar-sweetened beverages intake in lifestyle must be done carefully considering other parameters together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Norsham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Aina Nadhra
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Aimi Dalila
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nursyafiqa
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Siti Iylia Nasuha
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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25
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Emmert-Fees KMF, Amies-Cull B, Wawro N, Linseisen J, Staudigel M, Peters A, Cobiac LJ, O’Flaherty M, Scarborough P, Kypridemos C, Laxy M. Projected health and economic impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Germany: A cross-validation modelling study. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004311. [PMID: 37988392 PMCID: PMC10662751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been implemented globally to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic diseases by disincentivizing consumption through increased prices (e.g., 1 peso/litre tax in Mexico) or incentivizing industry reformulation to reduce SSB sugar content (e.g., tiered structure of the United Kingdom [UK] Soft Drinks Industry Levy [SDIL]). In Germany, where no tax on SSBs is enacted, the health and economic impact of SSB taxation using the experience from internationally implemented tax designs has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to estimate the health and economic impact of national SSBs taxation scenarios in Germany. METHODS AND FINDINGS In this modelling study, we evaluated a 20% ad valorem SSB tax with/without taxation of fruit juice (based on implemented SSB taxes and recommendations) and a tiered tax (based on the UK SDIL) in the German adult population aged 30 to 90 years from 2023 to 2043. We developed a microsimulation model (IMPACTNCD Germany) that captures the demographics, risk factor profile and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in the German population using the best available evidence and national data. For each scenario, we estimated changes in sugar consumption and associated weight change. Resulting cases of cardiometabolic disease prevented/postponed and related quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and economic impacts from healthcare (medical costs) and societal (medical, patient time, and productivity costs) perspectives were estimated using national cost and health utility data. Additionally, we assessed structural uncertainty regarding direct, body mass index (BMI)-independent cardiometabolic effects of SSBs and cross-validated results with an independently developed cohort model (PRIMEtime). We found that SSB taxation could reduce sugar intake in the German adult population by 1 g/day (95%-uncertainty interval [0.05, 1.65]) for a 20% ad valorem tax on SSBs leading to reduced consumption through increased prices (pass-through of 82%) and 2.34 g/day (95%-UI [2.32, 2.36]) for a tiered tax on SSBs leading to 30% reduction in SSB sugar content via reformulation. Through reductions in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), 106,000 (95%-UI [57,200, 153,200]) QALYs could be gained with a 20% ad valorem tax and 192,300 (95%-UI [130,100, 254,200]) QALYs with a tiered tax. Respectively, €9.6 billion (95%-UI [4.7, 15.3]) and €16.0 billion (95%-UI [8.1, 25.5]) costs could be saved from a societal perspective over 20 years. Impacts of the 20% ad valorem tax were larger when additionally taxing fruit juice (252,400 QALYs gained, 95%-UI [176,700, 325,800]; €11.8 billion costs saved, 95%-UI [€6.7, €17.9]), but impacts of all scenarios were reduced when excluding direct health effects of SSBs. Cross-validation with PRIMEtime showed similar results. Limitations include remaining uncertainties in the economic and epidemiological evidence and a lack of product-level data. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that SSB taxation in Germany could help to reduce the national burden of noncommunicable diseases and save a substantial amount of societal costs. A tiered tax designed to incentivize reformulation of SSBs towards less sugar might have a larger population-level health and economic impact than an ad valorem tax that incentivizes consumer behaviour change only through increased prices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl M. F. Emmert-Fees
- Professorship of Public Health and Prevention, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ben Amies-Cull
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute of Health and Care Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Wawro
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Epidemiology, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Staudigel
- TUM School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Linda J. Cobiac
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Martin O’Flaherty
- Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Scarborough
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute of Health and Care Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Kypridemos
- Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Laxy
- Professorship of Public Health and Prevention, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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26
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Dennis KK, Wang F, Li Y, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Hu FB, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Wang DD. Associations of dietary sugar types with coronary heart disease risk: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:1000-1009. [PMID: 37659725 PMCID: PMC10636232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher intake of total sugar has been linked with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, but the role of individual sugars, particularly fructose, is uncertain. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the associations of individual dietary sugars with CHD risk. METHODS In prospective cohort studies, we followed 76,815 women (Nurses' Health Study, 1980-2020) and 38,878 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986-2016). Sugar and carbohydrate intake, including total fructose equivalents ([TFE] from fructose monosaccharides and sucrose), total glucose equivalents ([TGE] from glucose monosaccharides, disaccharides, and starch), and other sugar types, was measured every 2 to 4 y by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires. RESULTS We documented 9,723 incident CHD cases over 40 years. In isocaloric substitution models with total fat as a comparison nutrient, comparing extreme quintiles of intake, hazard ratios (HRs), 95% confidence interval [CI]) for CHD risk were 1.31 (1.20 to 1.42; Ptrend < 0.001) for TGE and 1.03 (0.94 to 1.11; Ptrend = 0.25) for TFE. TFE from fruits and vegetables was not associated with CHD risk (Ptrend = 0.70), but TFE from added sugar and juice was associated with CHD risk (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.20; Ptrend < 0.01). Intakes of total sugars and added sugar were positively associated with CHD risk (HRs: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.26, Ptrend < 0.001; 1.08, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.16, Ptrend = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Intakes of TGE, total sugar, added sugar, and fructose from added sugar and juice were associated with higher CHD risk, but TFE and fructose from fruits and vegetables were not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine K Dennis
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fenglei Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yanping Li
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dong D Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
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27
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Flynn AN, Rogers PJ, Brunstrom JM. Further evidence for sensitivity to energy density and a two-component model of meal size: Analysis of meal calorie intakes in Argentina and Malaysia. Physiol Behav 2023; 270:114314. [PMID: 37536621 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated a non-linear association between meal caloric intake and meal energy density (ED, kcal/g) in data from a controlled trial in the US and from free-living participants in the UK [1]. In both datasets, meal caloric intake increased with ED in lower energy-dense meals (below ∼1.75 kcal/g) and decreased in higher energy-dense meals (above ∼1.75 kcal/g). In the current study, we sought to explore whether this pattern extends to data from free-living participants in Argentina (N = 2738 meals) and Malaysia (N = 4658 meals). Again, a significant breakpoint was found in both the Argentinean (2.04 kcal/g (SE = 0.06)) and Malaysian (2.17 kcal/g (SE = 0.06)) datasets with mean centered meal caloric intake increasing with ED below the breakpoint and decreasing above the breakpoint. These results lend further support for our two-component theoretical model of meal size (g) in which a volume signal is dominant in lower energy-dense meals and a calorie-content signal is dominant in higher energy-dense meals. Together, our research adds to evidence supporting human sensitivity to calories and exposes a complexity in the correspondence between meal energy content and meal size in everyday (non-manipulated) meals. Further research is needed to provide causal evidence for this sensitivity and whether individual variation impacts meal size and energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika N Flynn
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter J Rogers
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey M Brunstrom
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, United Kingdom; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, United Kingdom
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28
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Jang HJ, Boo HJ, Min HY, Kang YP, Kwon SW, Lee HY. Effect of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and benzo[a]pyrene exposure on the development of metabolic syndrome in mice. Life Sci 2023; 329:121925. [PMID: 37423377 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of serious medical conditions that raise the risk of lung cancer, has increased worldwide. Tobacco smoking (TS) potentially increases the risk of developing MetS. Despite the potential association of MetS with lung cancer, preclinical models that mimic human diseases, including TS-induced MetS, are limited. Here we evaluated the impact of exposure to tobacco smoke condensate (TSC) and two representative tobacco carcinogens, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNK) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), on MetS development in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS FVB/N or C57BL/6 mice were exposed to vehicle, TSC, or NNK and BaP (NB) twice weekly for 5 months. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TCHO), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), blood glucose, and metabolites, along with glucose tolerance and body weight, were measured. KEY FINDINGS Compared with those of vehicle-treated mice, mice with TSC or NB exposure displayed major phenotypes associated with MetS, including increased serum levels of TCHO, triglycerides, and fasting and basal blood glucose and decreased glucose tolerance, and serum levels of HDL. These MetS-associated changes were found in both FVB/N and C57BL/6 mice that were susceptible or resistant to carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis, respectively, indicating that tumor formation is not involved in the TSC- or NB-mediated MetS. Moreover, oleic acid and palmitoleic acid, which are known to be associated with MetS, were significantly upregulated in the serum of TSC- or NB-treated mice compared with those in vehicle-treated mice. SIGNIFICANCE Both TSC and NB caused detrimental health problems, leading to the development of MetS in experimental mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Jang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Boo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Mengoa MGR, Rangel BT, Garcia AAMN, Sugio CYC, Gomes ACG, Sugio CTC, Orikasa GT, Neppelenbroek KH. The challenge of dietary management in soft drink consumption and its oral and systemic repercussions. Nutr Health 2023; 29:395-402. [PMID: 36349359 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221136356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:Soft drinks are drinks high in sugar and acidity, but low in nutritional benefits. Despite its great popularity, its consumption is alerted due to the numerous systemic harm caused. Aim:This work aims to provide information and critically review the literature on the risk of soft drink consumption in an integrative view with nutritional, dental, and medical aspects. Methods:A search was carried out based on the identification of the theme, determination of inclusion and exclusion criteria, selection of databases for research and, finally, the reading, interpretation, and discussion of the selected sources. A search was conducted using the keywords: "soft drinks" AND "obesity" OR "dental erosion" OR "diabetes" OR "hypertension" OR "mental health" OR "multimorbidities" in databases PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS between 2017 and 2022. Results:Seventy-six studies were included in the article after the qualitative synthesis. Conclusion:We conclude that the high consumption of soft drinks is associated with oral and general diseases. Therefore, a multi-professional approach to guide patients to moderate the consumption of these beverages is extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela Robles Mengoa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Bianca Tavares Rangel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Yoshi Campos Sugio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Anna Clara Gurgel Gomes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Wang Z, Lipshutz A, Liu ZL, Trzeciak AJ, Miranda IC, Martínez de la Torre C, Schild T, Lazarov T, Rojas WS, Saavedra PHV, Romero-Pichardo JE, Baako A, Geissmann F, Faraco G, Gan L, Etchegaray JI, Lucas CD, Parkhurst CN, Zeng MY, Keshari KR, Perry JSA. Early life high fructose exposure disrupts microglia function and impedes neurodevelopment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.14.553242. [PMID: 37645894 PMCID: PMC10462086 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.553242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the success of fructose as a low-cost food additive, recent epidemiological evidence suggests that high fructose consumption by pregnant mothers or during adolescence is associated with disrupted neurodevelopment 1-7 . An essential step in appropriate mammalian neurodevelopment is the synaptic pruning and elimination of newly-formed neurons by microglia, the central nervous system's (CNS) resident professional phagocyte 8-10 . Whether early life high fructose consumption affects microglia function and if this directly impacts neurodevelopment remains unknown. Here, we show that both offspring born to dams fed a high fructose diet and neonates exposed to high fructose exhibit decreased microglial density, increased uncleared apoptotic cells, and decreased synaptic pruning in vivo . Importantly, deletion of the high affinity fructose transporter SLC2A5 (GLUT5) in neonates completely reversed microglia dysfunction, suggesting that high fructose directly affects neonatal development. Mechanistically, we found that high fructose treatment of both mouse and human microglia suppresses synaptic pruning and phagocytosis capacity which is fully reversed in GLUT5-deficient microglia. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro nuclear magnetic resonance- and mass spectrometry-based fructose tracing, we found that high fructose drives significant GLUT5-dependent fructose uptake and catabolism, rewiring microglia metabolism towards a hypo-phagocytic state. Importantly, mice exposed to high fructose as neonates exhibited cognitive defects and developed anxiety-like behavior which were rescued in GLUT5-deficient animals. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the epidemiological observation that early life high fructose exposure is associated with increased prevalence of adolescent anxiety disorders.
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Han W, Jiao Y, Mi S, Han S, Xu J, Li S, Liu Y, Guo L. Stevioside reduces inflammation in periodontitis by changing the oral bacterial composition and inhibiting P. gingivalis in mice. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:550. [PMID: 37563632 PMCID: PMC10416424 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive sugar intake has become a major challenge in modern societies. Stevioside is a promising non-calorie sweetener with anti-inflammatory effects; however, its effects on the oral environment and periodontitis remain unclear. Therefore, this study explores the effect of stevioside on periodontitis in mice. METHODS Mice were divided into four groups, namely, control, treated with water, and periodontitis models, established using 5 - 0 silk sutures ligation around the second molar then infected the oral cavity with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) viscous suspension, divided into three groups treated with 0.1% stevioside (P + S), 10% glucose (P + G), or water (P). Micro-CT scanning was used to assess alveolar bone resorption, while RT-PCR was used to evaluate the inflammatory factors expression and P. gingivalis invasion in the gingiva. The composition of the oral bacteria was analysed using 16 S rRNA sequence in the saliva. In addition, P. gingivalis was co-cultured with stevioside at different concentrations in vitro, and bacterial activity was detected via optical density values and live/dead staining. The virulence was detected using RT-PCR, while biofilm formation was detected using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with 10% glucose, treatment with 0.1% stevioside reduced alveolar bone absorption and osteoclasts while decreasing IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and P. gingivalis in the gingiva of periodontitis mice. The CEJ-ABC distance in the P + S group was significantly lower than that in the P and P + G groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the composition of the oral bacteria in the P + S group was similar to that of the control. In vitro stevioside treatment also reduced the bacterial activity and toxicity of P. gingivalis in a dose-dependent manner and affected its biofilm composition. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that, compared with 10% glucose, 0.1% stevioside intake can reduce alveolar bone resorption and inflammation in periodontal tissues in mice; the bacterial composition following 0.1% stevioside intake was similar to that of a healthy environment. In vitro, high concentrations of stevioside reduced P. gingivalis activity, biofilm formation, and virulence expression. Therefore, stevioside is a potential alternative to glucose for patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Jiao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicong Mi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
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Nakatsuka Y, Murase K, Sonomura K, Tabara Y, Nagasaki T, Hamada S, Matsumoto T, Minami T, Kanai O, Takeyama H, Sunadome H, Takahashi N, Nakamoto I, Tanizawa K, Handa T, Sato TA, Komenami N, Wakamura T, Morita S, Takeuchi O, Nakayama T, Hirai T, Kamatani Y, Matsuda F, Chin K. Hyperfructosemia in sleep disordered breathing: metabolome analysis of Nagahama study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12735. [PMID: 37543666 PMCID: PMC10404271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB), mainly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), constitutes a major health problem due to the large number of patients. Intermittent hypoxia caused by SDB induces alterations in metabolic function. Nevertheless, metabolites characteristic for SDB are largely unknown. In this study, we performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based targeted metabolome analysis using data from The Nagahama Study (n = 6373). SDB-related metabolites were defined based on their variable importance score in orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and fold changes in normalized peak-intensity levels between moderate-severe SDB patients and participants without SDB. We identified 20 metabolites as SDB-related, and interestingly, these metabolites were frequently included in pathways related to fructose. Multivariate analysis revealed that moderate-severe SDB was a significant factor for increased plasma fructose levels (β = 0.210, P = 0.006, generalized linear model) even after the adjustment of confounding factors. We further investigated changes in plasma fructose levels after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment using samples from patients with OSA (n = 60) diagnosed by polysomnography at Kyoto University Hospital, and found that patients with marked hypoxemia exhibited prominent hyperfructosemia and their plasma fructose levels lowered after CPAP treatment. These data suggest that hyperfructosemia is the abnormality characteristic to SDB, which can be reduced by CPAP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Nakatsuka
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Murase
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sonomura
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tadao Nagasaki
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamada
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Noe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuma Minami
- Department of Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Kanai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takeyama
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sunadome
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naomi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Nursing Science, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiminobu Tanizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Handa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Sato
- Life Science Research Center, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Komenami
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Wakamura
- Nursing Science, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Chin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Nihon University of Medicine, 1-30, Uemachi Otaniguchi Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
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Lin WT, Gonzalez GV, Kao YH, Lin HY, Li MS, Seal DW, Lee CH, Hu CY, Chen LS, Tseng TS. Mediation of BMI on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in U.S. Adults with Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption. Nutrients 2023; 15:3291. [PMID: 37571227 PMCID: PMC10421177 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013-2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency was found in either heavy SSB consumers or soda consumers, respectively (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.25-3.54 in heavy SSB consumers; aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.06-2.44 in soda consumers). Around 21.3% of the total effect of sugar intake from SSB on decreased 25(OH)D was explained by BMI. In conclusion, high total sugar intake from SSB and BMI independently contribute to lower 25(OH)D, and BMI mediates the inverse association between total sugar intake from SSB intake and 25(OH)D. Furthermore, an increased risk of having vitamin D deficiency was found in the population who consumed higher levels of sugar from SSB or soda drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lin
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Gabrielle V. Gonzalez
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - David W. Seal
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-yang Hu
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Lei-Shih Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
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Firoozi R, Weeks HM, Ludwig-Borcyz E, Clayson M, Zawistowski M, Needham B, Bauer KW. Federal Food Program Participation and Beverage Intake Among Families With Low Household Income. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:469-479. [PMID: 37422323 PMCID: PMC10754373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine beverage intake among families with low income by household participation in federal food assistance programs. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted in fall/winter 2020 via an online survey. PARTICIPANTS Mothers of young children insured by Medicaid at the time of the child's birth (N = 493). VARIABLES MEASURED Mothers reported household federal food assistance program participation, later categorized as Supplementation Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) only, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP) only, both WIC and SNAP, and neither. Mothers reported beverage intake for themselves and their children aged 1-4 years. ANALYSIS Negative binomial and ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS After accounting for sociodemographic differences between groups, mothers from households participating in WIC and SNAP consumed sugar-sweetened beverages (incidence rate ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-2.30; P = 0.007) and bottled water (odds ratio, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.05-2.96; P = 0.03) more frequently than mothers from households in neither program. Children from households participating in WIC and SNAP also consumed soda (incidence rate ratio, 6.07; 95% CI, 1.80-20.45; P = 0.004) more frequently than children in either program. Few differences in intake were observed for mothers or children participating in only WIC or SNAP vs both programs or neither program. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Households participating in both WIC and SNAP may benefit from additional policy and programmatic interventions to limit sugar-sweetened beverage intake and reduce spending on bottled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Firoozi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Heidi M Weeks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Elizabeth Ludwig-Borcyz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michelle Clayson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Matt Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Belinda Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Katherine W Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Lee V. Introduction to the dietary management of obesity in adults. Clin Med (Lond) 2023; 23:304-310. [PMID: 38614642 PMCID: PMC10541054 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifaceted and complex condition that requires holistic management. It currently affects nearly one in four adults in the UK, with the UK ranked 10th globally for the highest obesity rates. Obesity is projected to have an economic burden of ∼£2 billion per year by 2030 in the UK.1 Excess weight gain can coincide with myriad health concerns and multiple health conditions, which can be physical, metabolic or psychosocial. This includes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, coronary heart disease, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnoea, reproductive disorders, depression and cancer2; hence, there has been a significant emphasis on obesity prevention. Obesity is often associated with weight stigma, impacting psychological wellbeing and quality of life. This can influence an individual's likelihood of seeking support, delaying appropriate input from healthcare professionals, with a knock-on effect on pre-existing health conditions. This review explores the management of obesity from a nutritional perspective, because modifying dietary intake is essential to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, including those associated with obesity.
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Rose BD, Rimm EB, Zhang X, Sun Q, Huang T, Young RL, Ivey KL. You are What You Drink? How Associations Between Profiles of Beverage Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes Risk are Mediated by Biomarker Networks. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:68-76. [PMID: 37061165 PMCID: PMC10447489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have independently investigated the associations of the consumption of individual beverage types and specific plasma biomarkers with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, as individuals do not consume single beverage types exclusively and plasma biomarkers do not act in isolation, it remains unclear how patterns of beverage consumption and plasma biomarker networks associate both with each other and T2D risk. OBJECTIVES We aimed to elucidate potential dietary determinants of T2D risk by defining a model that describes habitual beverage consumption profiles in relation to identified networks of circulating plasma biomarkers. METHODS This study included 1,461 case and 1,568 control participants from case-control studies of T2D nested within the Nurses' Health Study. Participants completed validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires that assessed habitual beverage consumption, and they provided blood samples from which 27 plasma biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk were identified. Common exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified factors that separately described beverage consumption profiles and biomarker networks. Multivariable-adjusted regression elucidated the relationships between beverage and biomarker factors and T2D risk. RESULTS EFA revealed five factors describing unique beverage consumption profiles and seven factors describing biomarker networks. The factor describing alcoholic beverage consumption was associated with a reduced risk of T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 0.50 [0.40, 0.64], P<0.001) mediated, in part, by the factor describing increased concentrations of adiponectin biomarkers (19.9% [12.0, 31.1] P = 0.004). The factor describing low-calorie sweetened beverage (LCSBs) consumption was associated with an increased risk of T2D (OR: 1.33 [1.03, 1.72], P = 0.021), and the factor describing lower concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 1 and 2, and soluble leptin receptor, and increased leptin concentrations (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with reduced T2D risk, mediated in part by increased circulating adiponectin. LCSB consumption was associated with both increased T2D risk and perturbed insulin-like growth factor and leptin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braden D Rose
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qi Sun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Richard L Young
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kerry L Ivey
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Uehara K, Santoleri D, Whitlock AEG, Titchenell PM. Insulin Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4785-4809. [PMID: 37358513 PMCID: PMC10760932 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes (T2DM) continues to rise worldwide. The liver is a central insulin-responsive metabolic organ that governs whole-body metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, defining the mechanisms underlying insulin action in the liver is essential to our understanding of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. During periods of fasting, the liver catabolizes fatty acids and stored glycogen to meet the metabolic demands of the body. In postprandial conditions, insulin signals to the liver to store excess nutrients into triglycerides, cholesterol, and glycogen. In insulin-resistant states, such as T2DM, hepatic insulin signaling continues to promote lipid synthesis but fails to suppress glucose production, leading to hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. Insulin resistance is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular and kidney disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, and cancer. Of note, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of diseases encompassing fatty liver, inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, is linked to abnormalities in insulin-mediated lipid metabolism. Therefore, understanding the role of insulin signaling under normal and pathologic states may provide insights into preventative and therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Here, we provide a review of the field of hepatic insulin signaling and lipid regulation, including providing historical context, detailed molecular mechanisms, and address gaps in our understanding of hepatic lipid regulation and the derangements under insulin-resistant conditions. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4785-4809, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahealani Uehara
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominic Santoleri
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna E. Garcia Whitlock
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sneed NM, Azuero A, Moss J, Goss AM, Morrison SA. Total added sugar consumption is not significantly associated with risk for prediabetes among U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286759. [PMID: 37339144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes affects 38% of U.S. adults and is primarily linked to added sugars consumed from sugar-sweetened beverages. It is unclear if total dietary intake of added sugar also increases the risk for prediabetes. This study examined if total (g/day) and percent intakes of <10%, 10-15%, or >15% added sugar increase the odds for prediabetes in U.S. adults. A cross-sectional, secondary analysis using 2013-2018 NHANES data was conducted. This study included data from U.S. adults ≥ 20 years with normoglycemia (N = 2,154) and prediabetes (N = 3,152) with 1-2 days of dietary recall information. Prediabetes was defined as a hemoglobin A1c of 5.7%-6.4% or a fasting plasma glucose of 100-125 mg/dL. Survey-weighted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of prediabetes based on usual intakes of added sugar (total and percent intakes) using the National Cancer Institute Method. Differences in prediabetes risk and total and percent intakes of added sugar were compared by race/ethnicity. The sample's total energy intake from added sugar was 13.9%. Total (unadjusted: OR: 1.01, 95% CI: .99-1.00, p = .26; adjusted: OR: 1.00, 95% CI: .99-1.00, p = .91) and percent intakes of added sugar (unadjusted [<10%: (ref); 10-15%: OR: .93, 95% CI: .77-1.12, p = .44; >15%: OR: 1.03, 95% CI: .82-1.28, p = .82] and adjusted [<10%: (ref); 10-15%: OR: .82, 95% CI: .65-1.04, p = .09; >15%: OR: .96, 95% CI: .74-1.24, p = .73]) were not significantly associated with an increased odds of prediabetes. Prediabetes risk did not differ by race/ethnicity for total (unadjusted model [p = .65]; adjusted model [p = .51]) or percent (unadjusted model [p = .21]; adjusted model [p = .11]) added sugar intakes. In adults ≥20 years with normoglycemia and prediabetes, total added sugar consumption did not significantly increase one's risk for prediabetes and risk estimates did not differ by race/ethnicity. Experimental studies should expand upon this work to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Markie Sneed
- Office of Research and Scholarship, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Andres Azuero
- Office of Research and Scholarship, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Moss
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Amy M Goss
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shannon A Morrison
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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Zhang Y, Xu P, Song Y, Ma N, Lu J. Association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength: results from a sample of Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1010. [PMID: 37254093 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has become an important and widespread concern, there are few studies on the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength in Chinese adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength in Chinese adolescents. METHODS A stratified whole-group sampling method was used to survey 25,893 adolescents aged 13-15 years old in China for sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength for grip strength and standing long jump. The subjects' basic information, body mass index (BMI), and covariates were investigated. The association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength was analyzed by multivariate logisitc regression analysis. RESULTS The proportions of Chinese adolescents who consumed sugar-sweetened beverage ≥ 3 times/week, 1-2 times/week, and < 1 time/week were 12.23%, 52.79%, and 34.98%, respectively. The differences in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency were statistically significant when compared across gender, parental education, duration of physical activity, snacks, and mode of commuting to school (χ2 values = 228.570, 51.422, 275.552, 3165.656, 10.988, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that overall Chinese adolescents with sugary drinks 1-2 times/week (OR = 1.207, 95% CI:1.132-1.287) and sugary drinks ≥ 3 times/week (OR = 1.771, 95% CI:1.611-1.947) were associated with lower muscle strength compared to sugary drinks < 1 time/week showed a positive association (P < 0.01). The same trend was found for boys and girls. CONCLUSION Chinese adolescents' sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is common, and high-frequency sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is associated with lower muscle strength. In the future, we should control the use of sugar-sweetened beverages and increase muscular strength training in Chinese adolescents to promote healthy growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Zhang
- College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Hubei Jingzhou, 434020, P. R. China
| | - Pan Xu
- School of Preschool Education, Shangrao Preschool Education College, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, P. R. China
| | - Yongjing Song
- College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Hubei Jingzhou, 434020, P. R. China
| | - Nan Ma
- College of physical education and health, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, 201209, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Jinkui Lu
- School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, P. R. China
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Pan B, Lai H, Ma N, Li D, Deng X, Wang X, Zhang Q, Yang Q, Wang Q, Zhu H, Li M, Cao X, Tian J, Ge L, Yang K. Association of soft drinks and 100% fruit juice consumption with risk of cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:58. [PMID: 37189146 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of the associations between soft drinks and the risk of cancer showed inconsistent results. No previous published systematic reviews and meta-analysis has investigated a dose-response association between exposure dose and cancer risk or assessed the certainty of currently available evidence. Therefore, we aim to demonstrate the associations and assessed the certainty of the evidence to show our confidence in the associations. METHODS We searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to Jun 2022, to include relevant prospective cohort studies. We used a restricted cubic spline model to conduct a dose-response meta-analysis and calculated the absolute effect estimates to present the results. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS Forty-two articles including on 37 cohorts enrolled 4,518,547 participants were included. With low certainty evidence, increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) per 250 mL/day was significantly associated with a 17% greater risk of breast cancer, a 10% greater risk of colorectal cancer, a 30% greater risk of biliary tract cancer, and a 10% greater risk of prostate cancer; increased consumption of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs)re per 250 mL/day was significantly associated with a 16% greater risk of leukemia; increased consumption of 100% fruit juice per 250 mL/day was significantly associated with a 31% greater risk of overall cancer, 22% greater risk of melanoma, 2% greater risk of squamous cell carcinoma, and 29% greater risk of thyroid cancer. The associations with other specific cancer were no significant. We found linear dose-response associations between consumption of SSBs and the risk of breast and kidney cancer, and between consumption of ASBs and 100% fruit juices and the risk of pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS An increment in consumption of SSBs of 250 mL/day was positively associated with increased risk of breast, colorectal, and biliary tract cancer. Fruit juices consumption was also positively associated with the risk of overall cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. The magnitude of absolute effects, however, was small and mainly based on low or very low certainty of evidence. The association of ASBs consumption with specific cancer risk was uncertain. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42020152223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Pan
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Honghao Lai
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dan Li
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiyuan Deng
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital , Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiuyu Yang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Long Ge
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Ferguson K, Gunthert K, Kaidbey JH, Parr M, Visek AJ, Sacheck JM, Sylvetsky AC. Behavioral Patterns of Sugary Drink Consumption among African American Adolescents: A Pilot and Feasibility Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment. Nutrients 2023; 15:2171. [PMID: 37432343 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugary drinks (SDs) are the predominant contributors to added sugar intake among adolescents, with the highest intakes reported among African American adolescents. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of using mobile phone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to investigate, in real time, behavioral patterns of SD consumption among African American adolescents from low-income households. METHODS Adolescents (n = 39, ages 12-17) attended a virtual meeting with a trained research assistant, which involved completion of surveys and training on responding to EMA prompts using a mobile phone application. On the seven subsequent days, adolescents were instructed to respond to researcher-initiated prompts three times daily, which queried their SD intake, location, social context, activities, stress, and mood. They were also asked to complete an analogous self-initiated survey each time they consumed SDs. RESULTS SD consumption was reported on 219 of 582 (38%) researcher-initiated surveys and on 135 self-initiated SD consumption surveys, for a total of 354 instances of SD intake over the 7-day assessment period. The majority (69%) of the surveys were completed while at home. SD consumption was reported on 37%, 35%, and 41% of researcher-initiated surveys completed at their home, at the home of a friend or family member, or while in transit, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data indicate that mobile phone-based EMA is feasible for investigating SD intake behaviors among African American youth from low-income households and support the promise of EMA for investigating SD consumption in this population in larger samples of youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacey Ferguson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Kathleen Gunthert
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Jasmine H Kaidbey
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Meredith Parr
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Amanda J Visek
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Jennifer M Sacheck
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Allison C Sylvetsky
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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Della Corte K, Jalo E, Kaartinen NE, Simpson L, Taylor MA, Muirhead R, Raben A, Macdonald IA, Fogelholm M, Brand-Miller J. Longitudinal Associations of Dietary Sugars and Glycaemic Index with Indices of Glucose Metabolism and Body Fatness during 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance: A PREVIEW Sub-Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2083. [PMID: 37432216 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary sugars are often linked to the development of overweight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) but inconsistencies remain. OBJECTIVE We investigated associations of added, free, and total sugars, and glycaemic index (GI) with indices of glucose metabolism (IGM) and indices of body fatness (IBF) during a 3-year weight loss maintenance intervention. DESIGN The PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World) study was a randomised controlled trial designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions, after an 8-week weight-loss period, on the incidence of T2D. This secondary observational analysis included pooled data assessed at baseline (8), 26, 52, 104 and 156 weeks from 514 participants with overweight/obesity (age 25-70 year; BMI ≥ 25 kg⋅m-2) and with/without prediabetes in centres that provided data on added sugars (Sydney and Helsinki) or free sugars (Nottingham). Linear mixed models with repeated measures were applied for IBF (total body fat, BMI, waist circumference) and for IGM (fasting insulin, HbA1c, fasting glucose, C-peptide). Model A was adjusted for age and intervention centre and Model B additionally adjusted for energy, protein, fibre, and saturated fat. RESULTS Total sugars were inversely associated with fasting insulin and C-peptide in all centres, and free sugars were inversely associated with fasting glucose and HbA1c (Model B: all p < 0.05). Positive associations were observed between GI and IGM (Model B: fasting insulin, HbA1c, and C-peptide: (all p < 0.01), but not for added sugars. Added sugar was positively associated with body fat percentage and BMI, and GI was associated with waist circumference (Model B: all p < 0.01), while free sugars showed no associations (Model B: p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that added sugars and GI were independently associated with 3-y weight regain, but only GI was associated with 3-y changes in glucose metabolism in individuals at high risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Della Corte
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina E Kaartinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liz Simpson
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Moira A Taylor
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Dasgupta K, Mussa J, Brazeau AS, Dahhou M, Sanmartin C, Ross NA, Rahme E. Associations of free sugars from solid and liquid sources with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:756. [PMID: 37095459 PMCID: PMC10124057 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends a 10% total energy (TE%) limit for free sugars (i.e., added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in fruit juice, honey, and syrups) based on evidence linking higher intakes with overweight and dental caries. Evidence for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. Impacts may differ by sex, age group, and solid vs. liquid sources; liquids may stimulate more adverse CVD profiles (due to their rapid absorption in the body along along with triggering less satiety). We examined associations of consuming total free sugars ≥ 10 TE% with CVD within four sex and age-defined groups. Given roughly equal free sugar intakes from solid and liquid sources, we also evaluated source-specific associations of free sugars ≥ 5 TE% thresholds. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we estimated free sugars from 24-h dietary recall (Canadian Community Health Survey, 2004-2005) in relationship to nonfatal and fatal CVD (Discharge Abstract and Canadian Mortality Databases, 2004-2017; International Disease Classification-10 codes for ischemic heart disease and stroke) through multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for overweight/obesity, health behaviours, dietary factors, and food insecurity. We conducted analyses in separate models for men 55 to 75 years, women 55 to 75 years, men 35 to 55 years, and women 35 to 55 years. We dichotomized total free sugars at 10 TE% and source-specific free sugars at 5 TE%. RESULTS Men 55 to 75 years of age had 34% higher CVD hazards with intakes of free sugars from solid sources ≥ 5 TE% vs. below (adjusted HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05- 1.70). The other three age and sex-specific groups did not demonstrate conclusive associations with CVD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that from a CVD prevention standpoint in men 55 to 75 years of age, there may be benefits from consuming less than 5 TE% as free sugars from solid sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaberi Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Office 3E.09, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada.
| | - Joseph Mussa
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Office 3E.09, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada
| | | | - Mourad Dahhou
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Office 3E.09, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada
| | | | - Nancy A Ross
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), 5252 Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Office 3E.09, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada
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Ma L, Hu Y, Alperet DJ, Liu G, Malik V, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Hu FB, Sun Q. Beverage consumption and mortality among adults with type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2023; 381:e073406. [PMID: 37076174 PMCID: PMC10114037 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-073406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the intake of specific types of beverages in relation to mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes among adults with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Health professionals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 15 486 men and women with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at baseline and during follow-up (Nurses' Health Study: 1980-2018; and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 1986-2018). Beverage consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and updated every two to four years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome was all cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were CVD incidence and mortality. RESULTS During an average of 18.5 years of follow-up, 3447 (22.3%) participants with incident CVD and 7638 (49.3%) deaths were documented. After multivariable adjustment, when comparing the categories of lowest intake of beverages with the highest intake, the pooled hazard ratios for all cause mortality were 1.20 (95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.37) for sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), 0.96 (0.86 to 1.07) for artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), 0.98 (0.90 to 1.06) for fruit juice, 0.74 (0.63 to 0.86) for coffee, 0.79 (0.71 to 0.89) for tea, 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) for plain water, 0.88 (0.80 to 0.96) for low fat milk, and 1.20 (0.99 to 1.44) for full fat milk. Similar associations were observed between the individual beverages and CVD incidence and mortality. In particular, SSB intake was associated with a higher risk of incident CVD (hazard ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.51) and CVD mortality (1.29, 1.02 to 1.63), whereas significant inverse associations were observed between intake of coffee and low fat milk and CVD incidence. Additionally, compared with those who did not change their consumption of coffee in the period after a diabetes diagnosis, a lower all cause mortality was observed in those who increased their consumption of coffee. A similar pattern of association with all cause mortality was also observed for tea, and low fat milk. Replacing SSBs with ABSs was significantly associated with lower all cause mortality and CVD mortality, and replacing SSBs, ASBs, fruit juice, or full fat milk with coffee, tea, or plain water was consistently associated with lower all cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Individual beverages showed divergent associations with all cause mortality and CVD outcomes among adults with type 2 diabetes. Higher intake of SSBs was associated with higher all cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality, whereas intakes of coffee, tea, plain water, and low fat milk were inversely associated with all cause mortality. These findings emphasize the potential role of healthy choices of beverages in managing the risk of CVD and premature death overall in adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ma
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Derrick J Alperet
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Vasanti Malik
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wang C, Sun J, Hui Z, Ren X, Lei S, Han W, Wang X, Wang MX. Consumption frequencies of beverages and the hypertension risk in adults: a cohort study in China. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072474. [PMID: 37041061 PMCID: PMC10106035 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between the consumption frequencies of alcohol, tea and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the hypertension risk among Chinese adults. DESIGN A longitudinal study of the effect of beverage consumption on hypertension risk. SETTING Nine provinces in China, including Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shandong and Henan. PARTICIPANTS The longitudinal data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 2004 to 2015 were used. A total of 4427 participants from 9 provinces were included at baseline. OUTCOME First incidence of hypertension. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1478 participants developed hypertension. Alcohol consumption more than twice a week in young men (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.18) or middle-aged men (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.87) was associated with a higher hypertension risk. Middle-aged women who consumed tea frequently (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.97), or young women who consumed SSBs less than once a week (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.67) had a lower risk of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency alcohol consumption increased the risk of hypertension in men, and frequent tea consumption and low-frequency SSBs consumption were associated with lower risk of hypertension in women. Consumption frequency of beverages was also suggested to be considered in the prevention and control of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Wang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaru Sun
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaozhao Hui
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohan Ren
- Department of Nursing, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuangyan Lei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjin Han
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming-Xu Wang
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Targeted and non-targeted metabolomics uncovering the effects of Er-Miao-Wan formula on rats with hyperuricemia. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 226:115246. [PMID: 36731256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Er-Miao-Wan formula (EMW), composed of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Atractylodis Rhizoma, is widely used in the treatment of hyperuricemia (HUA), gout, and related complications as a classic compound formula. However, its mechanisms for the treatment of HUA still need to be further systematically investigated. The study aimed to perform modern analytical techniques to elucidate the mechanisms of EMW in improving the symptoms of HUA from the perspective of metabolomics. We used a high-fructose diet to establish a rat model of HUA to evaluate the effects of EMW on improving HUA. Next, we established a targeted metabolomics analysis method to quantitatively analyze purine metabolites in plasma by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-UV-QQQ MS), and combined with plasma non-targeted metabolomics analysis by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF MS) to clarify the potential mechanisms of EMW to improve HUA. Oral administration of EMW could significantly increase the urinary uric acid and decrease the serum uric acid, and exhibited a remarkable effect on improving HUA. Plasma targeted metabolomics analysis showed that six purine metabolites related to HUA, including uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and deoxyinosine, were changed in the EMW-treated group. Further, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the mechanism of EMW interfering with purine metabolic pathway in the rats with HUA could be different from that of allopurinol. On the basis of plasma non-targeted metabolomics, PCA and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLA-DA) screened and identified 23 potential biomarkers in the rats with HUA, and 11 biomarkers showed a trend of reversion after the intervention of EMW. The pathway analysis suggested that EMW might have therapeutic effects on the rats with HUA via the metabolic pathways including phenylalanine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. In this study, a plasma targeted metabolomics method that can simultaneously quantify nine purine metabolites in rats with HUA was established for the first time, which can be used to study diseases closely related to HUA. In addition, we further explored the overall effect of EMW on HUA in combination with the metabonomic method established by non-targeted metabolomics, which was helpful to solve the defect that the pharmacological mechanism caused by multi-components and multi-targets of traditional Chinese medicine was difficult to explain scientifically and comprehensively. In summary, EMW could effectively alleviate the symptoms of high-fructose-induced HUA, and the study provided a reference for the potential therapeutic mechanism of EMW.
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Li B, Yan N, Jiang H, Cui M, Wu M, Wang L, Mi B, Li Z, Shi J, Fan Y, Azalati MM, Li C, Chen F, Ma M, Wang D, Ma L. Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages and fruit juices and risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: A meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1019534. [PMID: 37006931 PMCID: PMC10050372 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1019534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, evidence regarding associations of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and fruit juices with cardiometabolic diseases is mixed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the SSB, ASB and fruit juice consumption with the incidence of cardiometabolic conditions and mortality.MethodsRelevant prospective studies were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library until December 2022 without language restrictions. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the association of SSBs, ASBs, and fruit juices with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality by using random-effect models.ResultsA total of 72 articles were included in this meta-analysis study. Significantly positive associations were observed between the consumption of individual beverages and T2D risk (RR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.38 for SSBs; RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.56 for ASBs; and RR:0.98; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.03 for fruit juices). Moreover, our findings showed that intakes of SSBs and ASBs were significantly associated with risk of hypertension, stroke, and all-cause mortality (RR ranging from 1.08 to 1.54; all p < 0.05). A dose-response meta-analysis showed monotonic associations between SSB intake and hypertension, T2D, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and mortality, and the linear association was only significant between ASB consumption and hypertension risk. Higher SSB and ASB consumptions were associated with a greater risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases and mortality. Fruit juice intake was associated with a higher risk of T2D.ConclusionTherefore, our findings suggest that neither ASBs nor fruit juices could be considered as healthier beverages alternative to SSBs for achieving improved health.Systematic Review Registration: [PROSPERO], identifier [No. CRD42022307003].
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Li
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Ni Yan
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Baibing Mi
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jia Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yahui Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | | | - Chao Li
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Fangyao Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Mao Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Mao Ma, ; Duolao Wang, ; Le Ma,
| | - Duolao Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Mao Ma, ; Duolao Wang, ; Le Ma,
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Mao Ma, ; Duolao Wang, ; Le Ma,
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Li X, Joh HK, Hur J, Song M, Zhang X, Cao Y, Wu K, Giovannucci EL. Fructose consumption from different food sources and cardiometabolic biomarkers: cross-sectional associations in US men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:490-498. [PMID: 36811469 PMCID: PMC10131590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on the relationship between fructose intake and cardiometabolic biomarkers have yielded inconsistent results, and the metabolic effects of fructose are likely to vary across food sources such as fruit versus sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine associations of fructose from 3 major sources (SSB, fruit juice, and fruit) with 14 insulinemic/glycemic, inflammatory, and lipid markers. METHODS We utilized cross-sectional data from 6858 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 15,400 women in NHS, and 19,456 women in NHSII who were free of type 2 diabetes, CVDs, and cancer at blood draw. Fructose intake was assessed via a validated FFQ. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the percentage differences of biomarker concentrations according to fructose intake. RESULTS We found a 20 g/d increase in total fructose intake was associated with 1.5%- 1.9% higher concentrations of proinflammatory markers plus 3.5% lower adiponectin, as well as 5.9% higher TG/HDL cholesterol ratio. Unfavorable profiles of most biomarkers were only associated with fructose from SSB and juice. In contrast, fruit fructose was associated with lower concentrations of C-peptide, CRP, IL-6, leptin, and total cholesterol. Substituting 20 g/d fruit fructose for SSB fructose was associated with 10.1% lower C-peptide, 2.7%-14.5% lower proinflammatory markers and 1.8%-5.2% lower blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS Beverage fructose intake was associated with adverse profiles of multiple cardiometabolic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hee-Kyung Joh
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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The Impact of Free Sugar on Human Health-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040889. [PMID: 36839247 PMCID: PMC9966020 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of nutrition in human health has been understood for over a century. However, debate is ongoing regarding the role of added and free sugars in physiological and neurological health. In this narrative review, we have addressed several key issues around this debate and the major health conditions previously associated with sugar. We aim to determine the current evidence regarding the role of free sugars in human health, specifically obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cognition, and mood. We also present some predominant theories on mechanisms of action. The findings suggest a negative effect of excessive added sugar consumption on human health and wellbeing. Specific class and source of carbohydrate appears to greatly influence the impact of these macronutrients on health. Further research into individual effects of carbohydrate forms in diverse populations is needed to understand the complex relationship between sugar and health.
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Zamora-Ros R, Cayssials V, Clèries R, Torrents M, Byrnes G, Weiderpass E, Sandström M, Almquist M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Tjønneland A, Kyrø C, Katzke VA, Le Cornet C, Masala G, Krogh V, Iannuzzo G, Tumino R, Milani L, Skeie G, Ubago-Guisado E, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Janzi S, Eriksson L, Freisling H, Heath AK, Rinaldi S, Agudo A. Sweetened beverages are associated with a higher risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in the EPIC cohort: a dietary pattern approach. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:105-114. [PMID: 35907037 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02953-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary pattern analysis has gained particular interest, because it reflects the complexity of dietary intake. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns, derived using a data-driven approach, and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) in Europe. METHODS This investigation included 450,064 adults from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Dietary intake was assessed using validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. A posteriori dietary patterns were computed using principal component analyses. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS After a mean follow-up time of 14 years, 712 first differentiated TCs were diagnosed. In the fully adjusted model, a dietary pattern characterized by alcohol consumption (basically beer and wine) was negatively associated with differentiated TC risk (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 0.75; 95% CI:0.60-0.94, P-trend = 0.005), while a dietary pattern rich in sweetened beverages was positively associated with differentiated TC risk (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 1.26; 95% CI:0.99-1.61; P-trend = 0.07). The remaining 8 dietary patterns were not related to differentiated TC risk. The intake of sweetened beverages was positively associated with differentiated TC risk (HR100mL/d = 1.05; 95% CI:1.00-1.11), especially with papillary TC risk (HR100mL/d = 1.07; 95% CI:1.01-1.13). Similar results were observed with sugary and artificially sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS The investigation of dietary patterns detected that the consumption of sweetened beverages was associated with a higher risk of differentiated thyroid cancer. Our results are in line with the general dietary recommendations of reducing the consumption of sweetened beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) , Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Valerie Cayssials
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) , Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ramon Clèries
- Pla Director d'Oncologia, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona),, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Torrents
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) , Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Maria Sandström
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Almquist
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM U1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Verena A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- AIRE - ONLUS, Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Milani
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Esther Ubago-Guisado
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Suzanne Janzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) , Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
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