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Chinyanga E, Britwum K, Gustafson CR, Bernard JC. Did COVID-19 influence fruit and vegetable consumption? Explaining and comparing pandemic peak and post-peak periods. Appetite 2024; 201:107574. [PMID: 38909696 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the worst global health crises in the last century, impacted nearly every aspect of people's lives, including their dietary choices and food consumption patterns. It arrived during a long shift in American diets featuring increasingly large portions of processed foods as well as fruit and vegetable consumption that is well below recommended levels. Improving the latter has been a key part of policymakers' efforts to improve consumers' diets. This study surveyed individuals in the US South to determine the factors influencing their consumption of fruit and vegetables during the pandemic peak and how these have changed post-peak. During the peak, food venue, demographics, and concerns about diet and the seriousness of the virus heavily affected consumption. Greater amounts of fresh fruit and vegetables were consumed post-peak pandemic. Changes post-peak were predicted by food venue. Cooking meals at home was the main positive predictor for consumption. US policymakers should try and leverage the changes since the peak to promote greater consumption of fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckton Chinyanga
- The Labry School of Science, Technology, and Business, Cumberland University, Lebanon, TN, USA.
| | - Kofi Britwum
- Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | | | - John C Bernard
- Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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2
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Augusto NA, Dos Santos Panta MA, Jaime PC, Loch MR. Social Markers of Differences in Fruit and/or Vegetable Consumption Among Brazilians: An Intersectional Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39325467 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2401056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the differences in fruit and/or vegetable consumption (FVC) among Brazilian adults by examining various social markers, such as gender, race, income, and education level. METHOD A cross-sectional study of 88,531 Brazilian adults aged 18 years or older who participated in the 2019 National Health Survey was conducted. The dependent variable was irregular FVC (<5 d/wk). Individuals at the highest risk for irregular FVC include those who are men and Black and who have lower education levels and lower income. Individuals at lower risk include those who are women and White and who have higher education levels and higher income. The prevalence of irregular FVC was calculated considering the levels of the social risk index for FVC and the intersections among two, three, and four risk categories. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) analyses were performed to compare groups at higher risk with those at lower risk. RESULTS The prevalence of irregular FVC was 57.2% in the general population, 38.1% for individuals in the lowest risk group, 47.5% for individuals in one risk category, 57.9% for individuals in two risk categories, 67.6% for individuals in three risk categories, and 74.4% for individuals in the highest-risk group, and there were significant differences at each level. The highest risk group had a 4.36 (95% CI, 3.86-4.92) times greater chance of irregular FVC. CONCLUSIONS The complex path to promote FVC among the Brazilian population underscores the need for intersectoral policies aimed at reducing inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Assis Augusto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Constate Jaime
- Departamento de Nutrição, Programa de Pós-Graduação Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mathias Roberto Loch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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3
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Chua KY, Li H, Sheng LT, Lim WS, Koh WP. Intake of vegetables and fruits at midlife and the risk of physical frailty in later life. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100374. [PMID: 39316896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study evaluated the independent and overall associations of vegetable and fruit consumption at midlife with the likelihood of physical frailty in later life. We also investigated whether specific nutrients in these foods could have accounted for these associations, if present. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A population-based cohort of Chinese adults followed over a period of 20 years in Singapore. PARTICIPANTS We used data from 11,959 subjects who participated in the baseline (1993-1998) and follow-up 3 (2014-2017) interviews of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. MEASUREMENTS At baseline, dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. During the follow-up 3 visits, physical frailty was assessed using a modified Cardiovascular Health Study phenotype that included weakness, slowness, exhaustion and weight loss. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations with physical frailty. RESULTS Participants had mean ages of 52 years at baseline, and 72 years at follow-up 3. Baseline intake of vegetables, but not of fruits, showed a dose-dependent inverse relationship with physical frailty at follow-up 3 (Ptrend = 0.001). Compared to participants in the lowest quintile of vegetable intake, those in the highest quintile had reduced odds of frailty [OR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.60-0.89)]. Among the components of physical frailty, vegetable intake had the strongest inverse association with weakness defined by handgrip strength [OR (95% CI) between extreme quintiles: 0.62 (0.52-0.73); Ptrend < 0.001]. In models that were individually adjusted for nutrients, the vegetable-frailty association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after adjusting for the intake of β-carotene, lutein, folate, α-carotene, and isothiocyanates. CONCLUSION Increased midlife intake of vegetables was associated with reduced odds of physical frailty in later life, and the intake of β-carotene, lutein, folate, α-carotene, and isothiocyanates could have accounted for this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Yiqiang Chua
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huiqi Li
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ting Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wee-Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Aging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
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4
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Bowles EF, Burleigh M, Mira A, Van Breda SGJ, Weitzberg E, Rosier BT. Nitrate: "the source makes the poison". Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-27. [PMID: 39213282 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2395488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Interest in the role of dietary nitrate in human health and disease has grown exponentially in recent years. However, consensus is yet to be reached as to whether consuming nitrate from various food sources is beneficial or harmful to health. Global authorities continue to recommend an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of nitrate of 3.7 mg/kg-bw/day due to concerns over its carcinogenicity. This is despite evidence showing that nitrate consumption from vegetable sources, exceeding the ADI, is associated with decreased cancer prevalence and improvements in cardiovascular, oral, metabolic and neurocognitive health. This review examines the paradox between dietary nitrate and health and disease and highlights the key role of the dietary source and food matrix in moderating this interaction. We present mechanistic and epidemiological evidence to support the notion that consuming vegetable-derived nitrate promotes a beneficial increase in nitric oxide generation and limits toxic N-nitroso compound formation seen with high intakes of nitrate added during food processing or present in contaminated water. We demonstrate the need for a more pragmatic approach to nitrate-related nutritional research and guidelines. Ultimately, we provide an overview of our knowledge in this field to facilitate the various therapeutic applications of dietary nitrate, whilst maintaining population safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Bowles
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Burleigh
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, University of the West of Scotland, Blantyre, Scotland
| | - A Mira
- Department of Genomics and Health, FISABIO Foundation, Centre for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - S G J Van Breda
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - E Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B T Rosier
- Department of Genomics and Health, FISABIO Foundation, Centre for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain
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5
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Zhang M, Gong L, Chen Y, Ding R, Yang Z. Disease burden of esophageal cancer attributable to low fruit intake in China and globally from 1990 to 2019. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:3182-3190. [PMID: 39114673 PMCID: PMC11301452 DOI: 10.62347/fefu5237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the disease burden of esophageal cancer (EC) attributable to inadequate fruit intake in China and global from 1990 to 2019 stratified by age and sex. METHODS Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2019) were pooled to calculate the number of deaths, standardized mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and DALY rate of EC attributed to low fruit intake in China and globally by age and sex from 1990 to 2019. The population attributable fractions (PAF) were applied to estimate the proportion of EC caused by low fruit intake. Joinpoint was used to estimate average annual percentage of change (AAPC) to reflect the time change trend of the EC burden attributable to inadequate fruit intake in China and globally. RESULTS In the Chinese population in 2019, the attributable DALY of EC in males was 356,000 person-years, while it was 80,600 person-years in females. The attributable standardized mortality and DALY rates for different age groups in China increased with age, peaking in the group aged 70 years and above. From 1990 to 2019 in China, the number of deaths, standardized mortality rates, DALY and standardized DALY rates of EC attributable to inadequate fruit intake showed a decreasing trend (AAPCs: -1.62%, -4.54%, -2.10% and -4.88%, respectively), with statistical significance (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The overall burden of EC attributed to inadequate fruit intake in China has demonstrated a downward trend. However, due to the aging population, the disease burden in China remains higher than the global average. Hence, prevention and health education efforts should focus on the population with low fruit intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Zhang
- Center of Endoscopy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Liting Gong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Ranran Ding
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTai’an, Shandong, China
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6
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Annesi JJ, Jennings JK. Relationship of increased fruit/vegetable intake with reduced consumption of sweets: Psychological mechanisms and associated weight loss in women within behavioral obesity treatments. Health Care Women Int 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38832937 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2024.2359555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Although an increase in fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in adults might result in reductions in their intake of sweets, there has been minimal direct testing of this. Women participated in 6-month community-based obesity treatment conditions where either their psychological skills development (n = 66) or knowledge regarding healthful eating and exercise (n = 39) was emphasized. Improvements in FV and sweets intake, eating-related self-regulation, self-efficacy for controlled eating, and negative mood were significantly more pronounced in the psychological skills group participants. Together, participants' change in self-regulation, self-efficacy, and mood significantly mediated the relationship of their changes in FV and sweets. Within simple mediation analyses, participants' changes in self-efficacy and negative mood were significant mediators, and their treatment group membership moderated effects on sweets. We provided suggestions for future treatments based on the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Annesi
- California State University, Monterey Bay, California, USA
- Mind Body Wellbeing, LLC, Manahawkin, New Jersey, USA
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Okamura T, Tsukamoto K, Arai H, Fujioka Y, Ishigaki Y, Koba S, Ohmura H, Shoji T, Yokote K, Yoshida H, Yoshida M, Deguchi J, Dobashi K, Fujiyoshi A, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Harada-Shiba M, Hirata T, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Ishibashi S, Kanda H, Kihara S, Kitagawa K, Kodama S, Koseki M, Maezawa Y, Masuda D, Miida T, Miyamoto Y, Nishimura R, Node K, Noguchi M, Ohishi M, Saito I, Sawada S, Sone H, Takemoto M, Wakatsuki A, Yanai H. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:641-853. [PMID: 38123343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate school of Medicine
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | | | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
- Current affiliation: Ishibashi Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University graduate School of medicine
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Innovative Medicine and Therapeutics, Dementia Care Center, Doctor's Support Center, Health Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rimei Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Shojiro Sawada
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital
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8
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Tilahun WM, Simegn MB, Geremew H, Gebreegziabher ZA, Abay LY, Tesfie TK. Spatial variation of zero fruits/vegetables consumption and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia: geographical weighted regression analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1374845. [PMID: 38818130 PMCID: PMC11137304 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1374845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background After 6 months, nutrient-dense, varied diets containing fruits and vegetables are crucial to supplement breastfeeding. Like many other low-income countries, Ethiopia has very low FV consumption. Zero vegetable or fruit (ZVF) consumption has been shown to significantly raise the risk of non-communicable diseases and has been ranked among the top 10 risk factors for mortality. And it is associated with poor health, an increased risk of obesity, and a higher risk of non-communicable diseases. Thus, this study's goal was to investigate the spatial distribution of ZVF consumption and its spatial determinants among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 1,489 weighted samples were included from kids' datasets from the 2019 Ethiopian mini-demographic and health survey. STATA version 16, ArcGIS version 10.8, Kuldorff's SaTScan version 9.6, and MGWR version 2.0 software were used for analysis. Spatial regression analyses (geographical weighted regression and ordinary least squares analysis) were conducted. Models were compared using AICc and adjusted R2. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant spatial predictors, and the corresponding local coefficients were mapped. Results The spatial distribution of ZVF consumption among children aged 6-23 months was non-random in Ethiopia. Spatial scan analysis revealed a total of 120 significant clusters. Maternal education, wealth status, age of the child, place of delivery, number of under-five children in the house, and current pregnancy status were significant predictors of the spatial variation of ZVF consumption. Conclusion Significant geographic variation in ZVF consumption was found in this study throughout Ethiopia's regions. Significant predictors of the spatial variation in ZVF consumption were maternal education, wealth status, child age, place of delivery, number of under-five children in the home, and status as a pregnant woman at the time of birth. Therefore, in order to improve children's adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables, area-based interventions that can consider these significant factors into account are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werkneh Melkie Tilahun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Belay Simegn
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Geremew
- College of Health Science, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Zenebe Abebe Gebreegziabher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Debre Birhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| | - Lamrot Yohannes Abay
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Kidie Tesfie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Fujiyoshi A, Kohsaka S, Hata J, Hara M, Kai H, Masuda D, Miyamatsu N, Nishio Y, Ogura M, Sata M, Sekiguchi K, Takeya Y, Tamura K, Wakatsuki A, Yoshida H, Fujioka Y, Fukazawa R, Hamada O, Higashiyama A, Kabayama M, Kanaoka K, Kawaguchi K, Kosaka S, Kunimura A, Miyazaki A, Nii M, Sawano M, Terauchi M, Yagi S, Akasaka T, Minamino T, Miura K, Node K. JCS 2023 Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease. Circ J 2024; 88:763-842. [PMID: 38479862 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Mitsuhiko Hara
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Wayo Women's University
| | - Hisashi Kai
- Department of Cardiology, Kurume Univeristy Medical Center
| | | | - Naomi Miyamatsu
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Yoshihiko Nishio
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Masatsune Ogura
- Department of General Medical Science, Chiba University School of Medicine
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Yasushi Takeya
- Division of Helath Science, Osaka University Gradiate School of Medicine
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | | | - Osamu Hamada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital
| | | | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Koshiro Kanaoka
- Department of Medical and Health Information Management, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenjiro Kawaguchi
- Division of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | | | | | | | - Masaki Nii
- Department of Cardiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital
| | - Mitsuaki Sawano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
- Yale New Haven Hospital Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation
| | | | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nishinomiya Watanabe Cardiovascular Cerebral Center
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Meidicine
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
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10
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Yonezawa Y, Okame T, Tobiishi N, Tetsuno Y, Sakurai M, Suzuki S, Wada Y. Clusters in Infant Environmental Factors Influence School-Age Children's Vegetable Preferences in Japan. Nutrients 2024; 16:1080. [PMID: 38613112 PMCID: PMC11013265 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear how the various environmental factors are combined in practice to influence vegetable preferences in school-aged children. This study aimed to clarify the environmental factors during infancy and their association with vegetable preference in school-aged children. To find clusters of early childhood environmental factors, we conducted a factor analysis on 58 items related to early childhood environmental factors and a k-means cluster analysis using the factors obtained. The association of the extracted factors and clusters with vegetable preferences was assessed by multiple regression analysis. Twelve factors relating to vegetable eating, cooking and harvesting experience, and parental attitudes were extracted by factor analysis. Three clusters, "low awareness of experiences", "high awareness" and "low positive encouragement", were then extracted. In the multiple regression analysis, all 12 factors were found to be associated with vegetable preferences. Furthermore, it was found that the "high awareness" group had a significantly higher score for vegetable preference than the "low awareness of experiences" group (β = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37-0.74). Thus, the study found that environmental factors during infancy, in isolation and combination, influenced vegetable preferences in school-aged children. Assessing the combination of various environmental factors during infancy may contribute to a better understanding of future vegetable preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Yonezawa
- Diet & Well-Being Research Institute, KAGOME Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan (S.S.)
| | - Tomoka Okame
- Diet & Well-Being Research Institute, KAGOME Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan (S.S.)
| | - Nozomi Tobiishi
- Tokyo Head Office, KAGOME Co., Ltd., 3 Chome-21-1 Nihonbashihamacho, Tokyo 103-0007, Japan
| | - Yume Tetsuno
- College of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, 1 Chome-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-0058, Japan (Y.W.)
| | - Miho Sakurai
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, 1 Chome-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-0058, Japan
| | - Shigenori Suzuki
- Diet & Well-Being Research Institute, KAGOME Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan (S.S.)
| | - Yuji Wada
- College of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, 1 Chome-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-0058, Japan (Y.W.)
- Graduate School of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, 1 Chome-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-0058, Japan
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Ferguson-Gow H, Nicholas O, Outhwaite C, Green R, Scheelbeek P, Eustachio Colombo P, Wheeler A, Taylor A, Dangour AD, Mace G, Pearson RG. Potential for positive biodiversity outcomes under diet-driven land use change in Great Britain. Wellcome Open Res 2024; 7:147. [PMID: 38504774 PMCID: PMC10948972 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17698.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A shift toward human diets that include more fruit and vegetables, and less meat is a potential pathway to improve public health and reduce food system-related greenhouse gas emissions. Associated changes in land use could include conversion of grazing land into horticulture, which makes more efficient use of land per unit of dietary energy and frees-up land for other uses. Methods Here we use Great Britain as a case study to estimate potential impacts on biodiversity from converting grazing land to a mixture of horticulture and natural land covers by fitting species distribution models for over 800 species, including pollinating insects and species of conservation priority. Results Across several land use scenarios that consider the current ratio of domestic fruit and vegetable production to imports, our statistical models suggest a potential for gains to biodiversity, including a tendency for more species to gain habitable area than to lose habitable area. Moreover, the models suggest that climate change impacts on biodiversity could be mitigated to a degree by land use changes associated with dietary shifts. Conclusions Our analysis demonstrates that options exist for changing agricultural land uses in a way that can generate win-win-win outcomes for biodiversity, adaptation to climate change and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Ferguson-Gow
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, Greater London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Owen Nicholas
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, Greater London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Charlotte Outhwaite
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, Greater London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Rosie Green
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, Greater London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Pauline Scheelbeek
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, Greater London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Patricia Eustachio Colombo
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, Greater London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amber Wheeler
- The Food Foundation, London, Greater London, SW9 7QD, UK
| | - Anna Taylor
- The Food Foundation, London, Greater London, SW9 7QD, UK
| | - Alan D Dangour
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, Greater London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Georgina Mace
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, Greater London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Richard G Pearson
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, Greater London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Tajima R, Matsumoto M, Fujiwara A, Yuan X, Shinsugi C, Okada E, Kurotani K, Yokoyama T, Takimoto H. Time Trends in Income-related Differences in Food Group Intakes: The National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan in 2010, 2014, and 2018. J Epidemiol 2024; 34:76-86. [PMID: 36908117 PMCID: PMC10751188 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to clarify whether differences in food group intake according to household income have changed over the last decade in Japanese people aged 20 years or older. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on the 2010, 2014, and 2018 National Health and Nutrition Surveys in Japan. Food intake was assessed using a 1-day semi-weighed household dietary record. The participants were categorized into three groups based on their income. The mean of each food intake according to the income group was estimated by adjusting for age, occupation, and number of participants from the same household. The significance of the interaction terms between income and survey year was evaluated to assess the change in income-related differences in food intake over time. RESULTS Cereal intake was lower in the middle- and the highest-income groups than in the lowest-income group, regardless of sex, and the interaction between income and year was nonsignificant for cereal intake. In the former two surveys, vegetable intake was higher among the highest-income women, while in the 2018 survey, the vegetable intake decreased in the women in the middle- and the highest-income groups. The interaction between income and year was significant for vegetable intake among the women. For other foods, the differences in intake among the income groups did not significantly change over time. CONCLUSION The tendency for lower cereal intake in the higher-income groups was consistent over time in both the sexes, and the tendency for higher vegetable intake in the highest income women disappeared over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Tajima
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Matsumoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisa Shinsugi
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Okada
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayo Kurotani
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Showa Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidemi Takimoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
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Zheng J, Zhu T, Li F, Wu H, Jiang S, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Li X, Li Y, Wang H. Diet Quality and Mortality among Chinese Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2023; 16:94. [PMID: 38201925 PMCID: PMC10780502 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between diet quality and all-cause mortality in Chinese population is unclear. We aimed to study the associations of three a priori diet quality indices-including the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI), and energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII)-and their included components with all-cause mortality. We used baseline data from the 2004, 2006, 2009, and 2011 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). We used a multivariable-adjusted Cox model to examine the associations between DQI-I, CHEI, and E-DII with all-cause mortality. During a mean of 7 years of follow-up, a total of 461 deaths occurred among 12,914 participants. For DQI-I, there were significant inverse associations with mortality for the variety score (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.52-0.92) and overall balance score (HR>0 vs. 0 = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.66-0.91). The adequacy score of CHEI was associated with 40% less risk of all-cause mortality (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.43-0.84). E-DII was not associated with mortality. An estimated 20.1%, 13.9%, and 31.3% of total mortality would be averted if the DQI-I variety score, DQI-I overall balance score, and CHEI adequacy score improved from the bottom to the top quartile, respectively. Improving diet quality, especially improving diet variety and adequacy, and having a more balanced diet may reduce all-cause mortality in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tianren Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Fangyu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Han Wu
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China;
| | - Shuo Jiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.L.)
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Carvalho MCRD, Lopes MS, Freitas PPD, Lopes ACS. Evolution of fruit and vegetable intake among health promotion service participants in a Brazilian metropolis: 48-month follow-up of a randomized controlled community trial. Prev Med 2023; 177:107748. [PMID: 37913915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess longitudinal effects of a nutrition intervention on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake among Primary Health Care (PHC) service participants in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. METHODS Demographics and health data on 3414 PHC service participants were collected at baseline in 2013-2014. F&V intake was assessed at baseline, 12, 36, and 48 months until 2017-2018. Services were randomized to control (CG, usual care) or intervention (IG, usual care and a Transtheoretical Model-based intervention to increase F&V intake). We performed difference-in-differences (DiD) analysis to identify intervention effects on F&V intake, and sensitivity analyses of participants observed at all timepoints. RESULTS Participants were mostly middle-aged, low-income women. Mean baseline intakes were 168.7 g of fruit, 202.0 g of vegetables, and 370.7 g of F&V, with lower fruit in the IG (164.1 g) than the CG (172.3 g). At 12 months, the intervention increased fruit intake in the IG and fruit and F&V intake among individuals with low baseline F&V intake. Fruit intake remained higher at 36 months in the IG. No effect on vegetable intake was identified. According to sensitivity analyses, effects on fruit intake among the complete sample did not remain significant at 36 months, and an effect on fruit intake at 36 months was identified among those with adequate baseline F&V intake. Reductions in F&V intake did not remain significant. CONCLUSIONS At 12 months, a TTM-based intervention increased fruit intake in the overall sample, and fruit and F&V intake among individuals with low baseline intakes. Repeated interventions may be needed over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-9h7ckx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cecília Ramos de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervenções em Nutrição, 190 Alfredo Balena Avenue, Nursing School, Room 102, Santa Efigênia, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Souza Lopes
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervenções em Nutrição.
| | - Patrícia Pinheiro de Freitas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervenções em Nutrição, 190 Alfredo Balena Avenue, Nursing School, Room 102, Santa Efigênia, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Aline Cristine Souza Lopes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Nutrição, Grupo de Pesquisa de Intervenções em Nutrição, 190 Alfredo Balena Avenue, Nursing School, Room 316, Santa Efigênia, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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15
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Yurkow S, Ivezaj V, Grilo CM. Improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with modest weight loss following treatment in patients with binge-eating disorder and obesity. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:2074-2083. [PMID: 37530200 PMCID: PMC10834830 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modest weight losses may be associated with improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRF) in patients with obesity. The effects of weight losses on CVDRF in persons with binge-eating disorder (BED) are unknown. This study prospectively examined changes in CVDRF among patients receiving behaviorally-based weight-loss treatment (BBWLT) who attained modest weight losses (≥5 to <10% and ≥10%). METHOD Of 191 participants, CVDRF variables were re-assessed in 168 participants at posttreatment and in 151 at 12-month follow-up. Participants who attained ≥5 to <10% weight loss were compared to those who did not on CVDRFs (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, HbA1C, mean plasma glucose, heart rate, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure); similar comparisons were completed for those who attained ≥10% weight loss. RESULTS At posttreatment, ≥5 to <10% weight loss (N = 42; 25.0%) was associated with significant improvements in HbA1c and mean plasma glucose, whereas ≥10% weight loss (N = 40, 23.8%) was associated with significant improvements in total cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, mean plasma glucose, and heart rate. At 12-month follow-up, ≥5 to <10% weight loss (N = 17; 11.1%) was related to significant improvements on HDL, triglycerides, HbA1c, and mean plasma glucose, whereas ≥10% weight loss (N = 40, 26.0%) was associated with significant improvements on all the CVDRF variables (except blood pressure). CONCLUSIONS Modest weight loss is associated with significant improvements in CVDRFs in patients with BED and obesity following treatment and at 12-month follow-up. Future work should examine whether improvements in CVDRF are attributable to weight loss per se and/or to other related lifestyle changes. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Individuals with binge-eating disorder and obesity who attain modest weight loss following treatment exhibit improvements in various measures of cardiovascular disease risk compared to those who do not. While weight loss has been challenging for individuals with binge-eating disorder, clinicians should inform patients of the potential health benefits of modest weight loss. Future research should investigate whether weight loss itself and/or related behavioral lifestyle changes drive improved cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Yurkow
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
| | - Valentina Ivezaj
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
| | - Carlos M. Grilo
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT. USA
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Tegene Y, Mengesha S, Kassa A, Toma A, Spigt M. Physical activity and survival in chronic comorbidity among adult HIV patients in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:666. [PMID: 37805463 PMCID: PMC10559655 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy enables people living with HIV to live long lives, and these advances have transformed HIV infection from an acute to a chronic disease. Many non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, are influenced by physical inactivity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of physical activity and survival in chronic co-morbidity among adult people living with HIV in Ethiopia. METHODS An institution-based prospective cohort study of adult people living with HIV was conducted between 2019 and 2021. We included 422 people living with HIV at baseline. After the baseline visit, 364 patients without hypertension or diabetes, were followed up for two years. Nine trained nurses used a pre-tested, structured questionnaire to collect data during routine care consultations in three hospitals in southern Ethiopia. STATA version 15 was used to analyze the data. To estimate the survival probability of developing chronic comorbidities, a Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used. A Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to identify the predictors of the development of chronic comorbidities. RESULT In the current study, 39% of the participants were found to have a low level of physical activity. Those who had self-management skills to maintain physical activity (p = 0.023), considered physical activity an important aspect of their HIV management (p = 0.003), and regularly attended social support groups (p = 0.002) had significantly higher levels of physical activity. The risk of chronic comorbidity increased over time, with a rate of 10.83 chronic comorbidities per 1000 persons per month. Lack of regular exercise [AHR: 2.04; 95% CI: (1.03, 5.13)], low physical activity [AHR: 2.01; 95% CI: (1.03, 7.89)], BMI greater than 25 kg/m2 [AHR: 2.74; 95% CI: (1.31, 5.12)] and low fruit and vegetable intake [AHR = 2.57; 95% CI: (1.28, 6.49)] were all associated with the development of chronic comorbidity. CONCLUSION The prevalence of physical inactivity is high in the study population. A physical activity program for people living with HIV should be considered, and the promotion of self-management skills should be integrated into HIV care programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadessa Tegene
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Selamawit Mengesha
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Andargachew Kassa
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Toma
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Mark Spigt
- School CAPHRI, Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- General Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Bucher Della Torre S, Lages M, Dias SS, Guarino MP, Braga-Pontes C. Translating and Testing a Digital Game Promoting Vegetable Consumption in Young Children: Usability Study. JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e43843. [PMID: 37788064 PMCID: PMC10582818 DOI: 10.2196/43843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting healthy eating in children is key to preventing chronic diseases, and vegetable consumption is notably lower than recommended in this population. Among the interventions tested, gamification has shown promise in promoting familiarization, increasing knowledge, and potentially increasing vegetable intake. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aimed first to translate the digital game "Veggies4myHeart" into French and to assess its influence on young children's preferences and willingness to taste vegetables when combined with repeated tasting and education. We also aimed to investigate the acceptability and applicability of the game in 2 classrooms. METHODS During 5 consecutive weekly sessions, children from 2 elementary classes played the digital game consisting of 5 mini games on different vegetables (lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato) in pairs for 10-15 minutes. In addition, they discussed one of the vegetables and tasted the 5 vegetables in each session. Pretest and posttest food preferences and willingness to taste the vegetables were compared. Teachers participated in a semistructured interview. RESULTS A total of 45 children aged 5 to 6 years tested the French version of the digital game. The children's declared food preferences were already high for carrot, cucumber, and tomato, with scores higher than 4 out of a maximum of 5. The scores did not change significantly after the intervention, except for red cabbage (pretest: mean 2.52, SD 1.49; posttest: mean 3.29, SD 1.67; P=.006) and a composite score (pretest: mean 3.76, SD 1.06; posttest: mean 4.05, SD 1.03; P=.001). Before the intervention, 18 (44%), 30 (73%), 16 (39%), 29 (71%), and 26 (63%) children out of 41 were willing to taste lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato, respectively. After the intervention, no significant statistical differences were observed, with 23 (51%), 36 (80%), 24 (53%), 33 (73%), and 29 (64%) children out of 45 willing to taste lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato, respectively. Teachers supported this tool combined with repeated tasting and education and highlighted facilitators and barriers that should be anticipated to improve implementation in schools. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we translated an existing digital game applicable and acceptable to both children and teachers. A larger study is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of interventions using the digital game to promote vegetable preference, willingness to taste, and intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bucher Della Torre
- Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Carouge, Switzerland
| | - Marlene Lages
- ciTechCare- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara S Dias
- ciTechCare- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Maria P Guarino
- ciTechCare- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Cátia Braga-Pontes
- ciTechCare- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
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18
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Bekele TH, Trijsburg L, Brouwer ID, de Vries JH, Covic N, Kennedy G, Alemayehu D, Feskens EJ. Dietary Recommendations for Ethiopians on the Basis of Priority Diet-Related Diseases and Causes of Death in Ethiopia: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:895-913. [PMID: 37182739 PMCID: PMC10334157 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) need to be evidence-based. As part of the development of Ethiopian FBDG, we conducted an umbrella review to develop dietary recommendations. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), deficiencies of vitamin A, zinc, calcium, or folate, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were selected as a priority. Systematic reviews were eligible if they investigated the impact of foods, food groups, diet, or dietary patterns on priority diseases. After a search, 1513 articles were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar published from January 2014 to December 2021. The results showed that 19 out of 164 systematic reviews reported the impact of diet on PEM or micronutrient deficiencies. Daily 30-90 g whole-grain consumption reduces risk of CVD and T2DM. Pulses improve protein status, and consuming 50-150 g/d is associated with a reduced incidence of CVD and T2DM. Nuts are a good source of minerals, and consuming 15-35 g/d improves antioxidant status and is inversely associated with CVD risk. A daily intake of 200-300 mL of milk and dairy foods is a good source of calcium and contributes to bone mineral density. Limiting processed meat intake to <50 g/d reduces CVD risk. Fruits and vegetables are good sources of vitamins A and C. CVD and T2DM risks are reduced by consuming 200-300 g of vegetables plus fruits daily. Daily sugar consumption should be below 10% of total energy to lower risk of obesity, CVD, and T2DM. Plant-based fat has favorable nutrient profiles and modest saturated fat content. The association of saturated fatty acids with CVD and T2DM is inconclusive, but intake should be limited because of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-raising effect. Plant-based diets lower risk of CVD and T2DM but reduce micronutrient bioavailability. The review concludes with 9 key dietary recommendations proposed to be implemented in the Ethiopian FBDG. This review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019125490).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Hailu Bekele
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge D Brouwer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Hm de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Namukolo Covic
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gina Kennedy
- Knowledge Leadership, Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dawit Alemayehu
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edith Jm Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Białek-Dratwa A, Kokot T, Czech E, Całyniuk B, Kiciak A, Staśkiewicz W, Stanjek-Cichoracka A, Słoma-Krześlak M, Sobek O, Kujawińska M, Grot M, Szczepańska E, Muc-Wierzgoń M. Dietary trends among Polish women in 2011-2022-cross-sectional study of food consumption frequency among women aged 20-50 in Silesia region, Poland. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1219704. [PMID: 37441516 PMCID: PMC10333589 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1219704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women's nutrition should be different from that of men. Women have lower energy requirements than men. And the need for certain vitamins and minerals is higher in women, this applies to iron, calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and vitamin B9 (folic acid). This is related to hormonal changes including menstruation, pregnancy, breastfeeding and the onset of menopause. Through hormonal changes and the changing physiological state, women are at greater risk of anaemia, bone weakness and osteoporosis.The aim of the study was to assess changes in the dietary pattern among women from the Silesian Agglomeration in Poland between 2011 and 2022. Material and method The survey was conducted in 2011 (March-May 2011) and in 2022 (October-November 2022) among women living in the Silesian Agglomeration (Silesia region) in Poland aged 20-50. After consideration of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 745 women were included in the final analysis, including 437 women screened in 2011 and 308 women screened in 2022.The research tool used in this publication was a survey questionnaire consisting of 2 parts. The first part of the questionnaire consisted of demographic data. The second part of the study focused on the dietary habits of the women surveyed and the frequency of consumption of individual foods (FFQ). Results More women in 2022 ate breakfast than in 2011 (77.6% vs. 63.8% p < 0.001), were more likely to eat breakfast I at home (73.1% vs. 62.5%; p < 0.001), were more likely to eat breakfast II (39.0% vs. 35.2%; p = 0.001), were more likely to eat breakfast II at home (28.6% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.002), and were more likely to eat lunch at work (16.6% vs. 3.4%; p < 0.001). Women in 2022 were more likely to consume fast-food (p = 0.001), salty snacks (chips, crisps) (p < 0.001) and sweets (p < 0.001). Women in 2022 were more likely to consume whole-grain bread (p < 0.001), wholemeal pasta (p < 0.001), brown rice (p < 0.001), oatmeal (p < 0.001), buckwheat groats (p = 0.06), and bran (p < 0.001) than women in 2011. They were less likely to consume white bread (p < 0.0001), light pasta (p = 0.004), white rice (p = 0.008) and cornflakes (p < 0.001) in 2022.Women in 2022 were significantly more likely to consume vegetables (p < 0.001) than women in 2011. Conclusion Eating habits in Silesia region women changed between 2011 and 2022. In 2022, women were more likely to choose cereal products considered health-promoting and rich in dietary fiber (including whole-grain bread, whole-grain pasta, oatmeal, bran) were more likely to consume vegetables, dry pulses and vegetarian dinners, and consumed less meat, cured meats, fish and dairy products. Consumption of fast-food, salty snacks (such as chips) and sweets increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Białek-Dratwa
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Teresa Kokot
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czech
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Całyniuk
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Kiciak
- Department of Technology and Food Quality Evaluation, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Staśkiewicz
- Department of Technology and Food Quality Evaluation, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anita Stanjek-Cichoracka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Słoma-Krześlak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Olga Sobek
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Kujawińska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Martina Grot
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Szczepańska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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20
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Amjad M, Akbar M. The Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Socioeconomic Factors in the Households of Pakistan Using Quantile Regression Model. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 38:248-258. [PMID: 36242534 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2022.2134249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of socioeconomic factors on fruit and vegetable consumption in the households of Pakistan. Secondary data were used from a national-level survey, i.e. "Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey" (HIICS) 2015-2016 published by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. A total of 11,187 households were included in the final analysis. Quantile regression models were applied to investigate the association between socioeconomic factors and the consumption of fruit and vegetable. More than half of the households in the sample did not meet the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommended criteria for fruit and vegetable consumption, which is 400 g/day/capita. According to the quantile regression model, household income is an important factor in increasing fruit and vegetable intake because an increase in income leads to a greater likelihood of spending on healthy and nutritious foods. The increased consumption of fruit and vegetable was caused by the household head's high education, which created multiple resources to increase income. Households in two provinces, i.e. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan, have a greater impact on fruit and vegetable consumption than other provinces due to natural resource availability. Household size and dependency ratio hurt the consumption of fruit and vegetable because women and children are not able to do work. These results are very useful because a better understanding of the socioeconomic characteristics associated with fruit and vegetable intake could improve the effectiveness of policies aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable consumption and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akbar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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21
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Young IE, Crino N, Steinbeck KS, Parker HM. Eating Patterns of Young Women (18–25 y) with Overweight and Obesity: A Preliminary Investigation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071652. [PMID: 37049493 PMCID: PMC10096735 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity impact up to 40% of young women in Australia; however, young women are challenging to recruit to research and are rarely the focus of weight loss interventions. This study aimed to examine dietary patterns in young women (18–25 years; BMI > 25 kg/m2). An analysis of participants’ (mean age: 22.6 year; BMI: 32.2 kg/m2) 3-day food records found young women with overweight/obesity consumed a diet characterised by total energy intake of 9174 (2526) kJ/day, with the first meal at 9:12 am (range: 4:30 am–12:40 pm), the last at 10:43 pm (range: 2:40 pm–2:00 am), and an average eating window of 11.5 h. Young women had poor quality diets, which did not meet dietary recommendations for most core food groups, and high intake of refined carbohydrates. They also reported consuming at least one takeaway meal per day and >30% of total energy intake was from discretionary items. The findings showed that young women with overweight or obesity consume most of their energy intake in the afternoons and late into the evenings and have poor-quality diets with high-discretionary intake, each of which have been shown in previous work to be associated with increased weight and risk of metabolic comorbidities. While these findings require further examination in larger groups with both qualitative and longitudinal data collection to verify the impact of these eating patterns on weight maintenance, the eating behaviours identified here may present a suitable target for novel weight loss interventions in young women, who are an understudied population group in need of tailored weight management solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel E. Young
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9351-9309
| | - Natalie Crino
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katharine S. Steinbeck
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Helen M. Parker
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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22
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Woodside JV, Nugent AP, Moore RE, McKinley MC. Fruit and vegetable consumption as a preventative strategy for non-communicable diseases. Proc Nutr Soc 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36785878 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123002161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A high intake of fruit and vegetables (FV) has consistently been associated with a reduced risk of a number of non-communicable diseases. This evidence base is largely from prospective cohort studies, with meta-analyses demonstrating an association between increased FV intake and reduced risk of both CHD and stroke, although the evidence is less certain for cancer and diabetes. Controlled intervention trials examining either clinical or intermediate risk factor endpoints are more scarce. Therefore, evidence that FV consumption reduces the risk of disease is so far largely confined to observational epidemiology, which is hampered by some methodological uncertainties. Although increased FV intake is promoted across all dietary guidelines, national surveys confirm that dietary intakes are suboptimal and are not increasing over time. A range of barriers to increasing FV intake exist, including economic, physical and behavioural barriers that must be considered when exploring potential opportunities to change this, considering the feasibility of different approaches to encourage increased FV consumption. Such interventions must include consideration of context, for example, challenges and uncertainties which exist with the whole food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Institute for Clinical Science A, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, UK
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - A P Nugent
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - R E Moore
- Centre for Public Health, Institute for Clinical Science A, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, UK
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - M C McKinley
- Centre for Public Health, Institute for Clinical Science A, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, UK
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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23
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Fukushima Y, Taguchi C, Kishimoto Y, Kondo K. Japanese carotenoid database with α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and fucoxanthin and intake in adult women. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023; 93:42-53. [PMID: 33957770 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoid intake is associated with low mortality and cancer risks; data on non-provitamin carotenoid intake is limited especially in Asians. We aimed to estimate carotenoid intake in Japanese adult women. Carotenoid content database comprises 196 food items, including 39 fruits, 87 vegetables and mushrooms, and 11 seaweeds, and was established using data from the literature and analyses of foods available in Japan. We surveyed the intake of these foods in Japanese women aged 21-56 years (n=109). Total intake of 7 carotenoids (mean±SD [range]) was 7,450±3,840 (1,160-21,300) μg/day; α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and fucoxanthin represented 4.3%, 23%, 3.4%, 15%, 2.0%, 39%, and 13% of total intake, respectively. Lutein intake was 1,132±686 (294-3,490) μg/day; its best sources were spinach, cucumber, chicken egg, green onion, and Chinese chives, representing 51% of total intake. Lutein can be obtained from a variety of sources. Thus, lutein intake levels did not vary widely among individuals and very few individuals consumed insufficient levels of lutein. Intake of zeaxanthin, lycopene, and fucoxanthin was 149±93 (2-479), 2,890±2,970 (0-17,100), and 980±1,230 (0-5,660) μg/day, respectively. Their intake required rich sources including chicken egg for zeaxanthin (52%); tomato products for lycopene (98%), and wakame seaweed for fucoxanthin (76%). The carotenoid content database including all food items consumed in Japan will be helpful for further investigations on carotenoid intake and its health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chie Taguchi
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kishimoto
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
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24
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Yip CSC, Yip YC, Chan W. The associations of soya intakes with non-communicable diseases: a scoping review of meta-analyses. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:135-146. [PMID: 35249559 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to identify published meta-analyses of the associations of dietary soya intakes with cardiovascular, cancer and diabetes II diseases and the best relative risk estimates. A published novel assessment process combining the well-validated Cochrane Review measures, the AMSTAR 2 checklist and a published algorithm specifically designed for conducting a scoping review of similar meta-analyses was employed. This scoping review identified and evaluated twenty-eight meta-analysis reports, published between 2000 and 2021, on the associations of soya intakes with cardiovascular, cancer and diabetes II diseases. It identified eighteen significantly negatively associated risk–disease pairs for total soya intakes, four significantly negatively associated risk–disease pairs for unfermented soya intakes and four significantly negatively associated risk–disease pairs for fermented soya intakes when compared high against low intakes. The largest significant risk decrease found was gastric cancer mortalities with relative risk (RR) 0·49 (95 % CI: 0·35, 0·68); followed by colorectal cancer mortalities RR 0·59 (95 % CI: 0·41, 0·84); ovarian cancer RR 0·52 (95 % CI: 0·42, 0·66) and endocrine-related gynaecological cancer RR 0·61 (95 % CI: 0·53, 0·72). The fermented soya intake and gastric cancer risk–disease pair were identified to be significantly positively associated, RR 1·22 (95 % CI: 1·02, 1·44) when compared high against low intakes. Four significantly negatively associated risk–disease dose–responses were also identified. Being the products with lower greenhouse gas emission intensities, soya products could be the better dietary alternatives to animal products for reducing cardiovascular, cancer and diabetes II diseases and helping combat climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy Chan
- Hong Kong Community College, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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25
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Rowe S, Tukun AB, Johnson LK, Love DC, Belury MA, Conrad Z. Consumption of Key Food Groups by Individuals Consuming Popular Diet Patterns: Mixed Effects of Replacing Foods High in Added Sugar, Sodium, Saturated Fat, and Refined Grains. Nutrients 2022; 14:5226. [PMID: 36558385 PMCID: PMC9783956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults in the United States are increasingly following 'popular' diet patterns that restrict food groups, macronutrients, or eating time. However, the intake of food groups associated with these diet patterns has not been well characterized. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the mean intake of food groups among consumers of popular diet patterns in the US, and (2) model the effect of targeted food substitutions on the intake of food groups. Data were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018 (n = 34,411). A diet model was developed to assess the effects of replacing one serving each of foods highest in added sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and refined grains with healthy alternatives on the intake of key food groups for each diet pattern. Modeled replacement resulted in increased intake of fruit and whole grains and decreased intake of dairy for most diet patterns, while the effects on the intake of vegetables, protein foods, and oils were variable across diet patterns. The complexity of the natural eating environment, in which many people consume mixed dishes that include both healthy and less healthy ingredients, produces a challenge for health professionals when providing dietary counseling. Nevertheless, this substitution approach may help improve adherence to dietary guidelines, especially if used as a steppingstone for further dietary improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rowe
- College of Arts & Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
| | - Avonti Basak Tukun
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | | | - David C. Love
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Martha A. Belury
- Program of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | - Zach Conrad
- Department of Kinesiology, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
- Global Research Institute, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
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26
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Mingay E, Hart M, Yoong S, Palazzi K, D’Arcy E, Pursey KM, Hure A. The Impact of Modifying Food Service Practices in Secondary Schools Providing a Routine Meal Service on Student's Food Behaviours, Health and Dining Experience: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:3640. [PMID: 36079897 PMCID: PMC9460342 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The education sector is recognised as an ideal platform to promote good nutrition and decision making around food and eating. Examining adolescents in this setting is important because of the unique features of adolescence compared to younger childhood. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine interventions in secondary schools that provide a routine meal service and the impact on adolescents’ food behaviours, health and dining experience in this setting. The review was guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Checklist and Cochrane Handbook recommendations. Studies published in English searched in four databases and a hand search yielded 42 interventions in 35 studies. Risk of bias was assessed independently by two reviewers. Interventions were classified using the NOURISHING framework, and their impact analysed using meta-analysis, vote-counting synthesis or narrative summary. The meta-analysis showed an improvement in students selecting vegetables (odds ratio (OR): 1.39; 1.12 to 1.23; p = 0.002), fruit serves selected (mean difference (MD): 0.09; 0.09 to 0.09; p < 0.001) and consumed (MD: 0.10; 0.04 to 0.15; p < 0.001), and vegetable serves consumed (MD: 0.06; 0.01 to 0.10; p = 0.024). Vote-counting showed a positive impact for most interventions that measured selection (15 of 25; 41% to 77%; p = 0.002) and consumption (14 of 24; 39% to 76%; p = 0.013) of a meal component. Interventions that integrate improving menu quality, assess palatability, accessibility of healthier options, and student engagement can enhance success. These results should be interpreted with caution as most studies were not methodologically strong and at higher risk of bias. There is a need for higher quality pragmatic trials, strategies to build and measure sustained change, and evaluation of end-user attitudes and perceptions towards intervention components and implementation for greater insight into intervention success and future directions (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020167133).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina Mingay
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Melissa Hart
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Mental Health Service, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Serene Yoong
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW 2287, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Kerrin Palazzi
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Ellie D’Arcy
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Kirrilly M. Pursey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Alexis Hure
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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27
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The effect of a school-based fruit and vegetable promotion program on adolescents' fruit and vegetable consumption behavior in Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 66:e27-e36. [PMID: 35811184 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a school-based F&V promotion program developed in line with the transtheoretical model (TTM) on the consumption behavior of middle school students. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was designed as semi-experimental research with pre-/post- and follow-up tests and a control group. It was conducted at a total of six middle schools in the district of Fethiye/Muğla, Turkey. Three of the schools were selected with the random clustering method as an intervention group and the others as the control group. The F&V promotion program was executed in the intervention group for a period of 24 weeks. RESULTS It was found in the 6th and 12th months after the intervention that the daily number of portions of fruits (p<.01) and vegetables (p<.01) consumed by the students in the intervention group was significantly more compared to the control group. The perception of the pros of F&V consumption and self-efficacy in the intervention group were higher than in the controls (p<.01). CONCLUSIONS The school-based F&V consumption promotion program was effective in increasing the number of portions of fruits and vegetables students consumed and in improving their behaviors in this regard. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE The study indicates that the interventions described may be recommended to school nurses for use in their efforts to increase levels of F&V consumption.
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28
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Pieracci Y, Pistelli L, Cecchi M, Pistelli L, De Leo M. Phytochemical Characterization of Citrus-Based Products Supporting Their Antioxidant Effect and Sensory Quality. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111550. [PMID: 35681300 PMCID: PMC9180594 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing attention on the impact of food on human and environmental health has led to a greater awareness about nutrition, food processing, and food waste. In this perspective, the present work deals with the investigation of the chemical non-volatile and volatile profiles of two Citrus-based products, produced through a conscious process, using Citrus peels as natural gelling agents. Moreover, the total polyphenol content (TPC) and the antioxidant properties were evaluated, as well as their sensorial properties. Chemical and antioxidant results were compared with those of Citrus fresh fruits (C. reticulata, C. sinensis, and C. limon). Concerning the non-volatile fingerprint, the two samples showed a very similar composition, characterized by flavanones (naringenin, hesperetin, and eriodyctiol O-glycosides), flavones (diosmetin and apigenin C-glucosides), and limonoids (limonin, nomilinic acid, and its glucoside). The amount of both flavonoids and limonoids was higher in the Lemon product than in the Mixed Citrus one, as well as the TPC and the antioxidant activity. The aroma composition of the two samples was characterized by monoterpene hydrocarbons as the main chemical class, mainly represented by limonene. The sensorial analysis, finally, evidenced a good quality of both the products. These results showed that the most representative components of Citrus fruits persist even after the transformation process, and the aroma and sensorial properties endow an added value to Citrus preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Pieracci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (Y.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pistelli
- Department of Agriculture Food Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Research Center, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Pistelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (Y.P.); (L.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (Y.P.); (L.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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29
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Ferguson-Gow H, Nicholas O, Outhwaite CL, Green R, Scheelbeek P, Eustachio Colombo P, Wheeler A, Taylor A, Dangour AD, Mace G, Pearson RG. Potential for positive biodiversity outcomes under diet-driven land use change in Great Britain. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17698.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A shift toward human diets that include more fruit and vegetables, and less meat is a potential pathway to improve public health and reduce food system-related greenhouse gas emissions. Associated changes in land use could include conversion of grazing land into horticulture, which makes more efficient use of land per unit of dietary energy and frees-up land for other uses. Methods: Here we use Great Britain as a case study to estimate potential impacts on biodiversity from converting grazing land to a mixture of horticulture and natural land covers by fitting species distribution models for over 800 species, including pollinating insects and species of conservation priority. Results: Across several land use scenarios that consider the current ratio of domestic fruit and vegetable production to imports, our statistical models suggest a potential for gains to biodiversity, including a tendency for more species to gain habitable area than to lose habitable area. Moreover, the models suggest that climate change impacts on biodiversity could be mitigated to a degree by land use changes associated with dietary shifts. Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that options exist for changing agricultural land uses in a way that can generate win-win-win outcomes for biodiversity, adaptation to climate change and public health.
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Intervention for promoting intake of fruits and vegetables in Brazilians: a randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:781-793. [PMID: 34763746 PMCID: PMC9991710 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention to promote fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. DESIGN A randomised controlled community trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a 7-month nutritional intervention and to promote FV intake, separately and together. All participants attended physical exercise sessions. The intervention was based on the transtheoretical model and Paulo Freire's pedagogy. The interventions included group educational sessions, motivational cards and informational materials. The primary outcome was a change in FV intake (g/d), and secondary outcomes included stages of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance and knowledge on FV. All data were collected face-to-face; and FV intake was assessed using a validated brief questionnaire. SETTING Health promotion services of Brazilian Primary Health Care. PARTICIPANTS 3414 users of Brazilian Primary Health Care (1931 in the control group and 1483 in the intervention group (IG)). RESULTS At baseline, the average daily FV intake was 370·4 g/d (95 % CI 364·2, 376·6). The increase in FV intake (23·4 g/d; 95 % CI 6·7, 40·0) and fruit intake (+17·3 g/d; 95 % CI 5·1, 29·4; P = 0·01) was greater in the IG among participants in the lowest baseline intake. Participants in the IG also showed progression in the stages of change (P < 0·001), increased self-efficacy (P < 0·001) and improved knowledge of FV crops (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS The nutritional intervention was effective in increasing FV intake and fruits intake among individuals with a lower intake at baseline and in maintaining FV intake among those who reported consuming FV as recommended (400 g/d).
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Duus KS, Bonnesen CT, Rosing JA, Madsen KR, Pedersen TP, Toftager M, Thygesen LC, Krølner RF. Effect of the multicomponent healthy high school intervention on meal frequency and eating habits among high school students in Denmark: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:12. [PMID: 35120544 PMCID: PMC8815150 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that multicomponent interventions may improve meal frequency and eating habits in children, but evidence among young people is limited. This study evaluated the effect of the Healthy High School (HHS) intervention on daily intake of breakfast, lunch, water, fruit, and vegetables at 9-month follow-up. METHODS The study included first-year students (≈16 years) attending high school in Denmark. Participating schools were randomized into the HHS intervention (N = 15) or control group (operating as usual) (N = 15). The intervention was designed to promote well-being (primary outcome) by focusing on healthy habits including meals, stress prevention, and strong peer relations. It included a curriculum, structural and organisational initiatives, a workshop, and a smartphone application. Students completed self-administered online questionnaires at the beginning of the school year and nine months later. To account for clustering of data, we used multilevel logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios (OR). We applied an intention-to-treat approach with multiple imputations of missing data. RESULTS At baseline 4577 of 5201 students answered the questionnaire and 4512 at follow-up. In both groups the proportion of students eating breakfast decreased from approximately 50% to 40% from baseline to follow-up, and lunch frequency decreased from approximately 50% to 47%. Daily water intake, intake of fresh fruit and intake of vegetables remained unchanged from baseline to follow-up. There were no significant between group differences on any of the outcomes at first follow-up: breakfast: OR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.65;1.10), lunch: OR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.75;1.22), water intake: OR = 1.14 (95% CI: 0.92;1.40), intake of fresh fruit: (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.84;1.37), vegetables: (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.77;1.33). CONCLUSION No evidence of an effect of the HHS intervention was found for any of the outcomes. Future studies are warranted to explore how health promoting interventions can be integrated in further education to support educational goals. Moreover, how to fit interventions to the lives and wishes of young people, by also including systems outside of the school setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN, ISRCTN43284296 . Registered 28 April 2017 - retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Sidenius Duus
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Camilla Thørring Bonnesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanne Aviaja Rosing
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine Rich Madsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Pagh Pedersen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Toftager
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Fredenslund Krølner
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Studiestræde 6, 1455 Copenhagen K, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Liao Z, Fang Z, Gou S, Luo Y, Liu Y, He Z, Li X, Peng Y, Fu Z, Li D, Chen H, Luo Z. The role of diet in renal cell carcinoma incidence: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. BMC Med 2022; 20:39. [PMID: 35109847 PMCID: PMC8812002 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence associating diet with the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is inconclusive. We aimed to summarize evidence associating dietary factors with RCC incidence and assess the strength and validity of this evidence. METHODS We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews or meta-analyses (SRoMAs) that assessed the association between diet and RCC incidence. Through April 2021, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, and WCRF were searched. Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data, and appraised the quality of SRoMAs. According to credibility assessment criteria, evidence can be divided into five categories: convincing (class I), highly suggestive (class II), suggestive (class III), weak (class IV), and nonsignificant (class V). RESULTS Twenty-nine meta-analyses were obtained after screening. After excluding 7 overlapping meta-analyses, 22 meta-analyses including 502 individual studies and 64 summary hazard ratios for RCC incidence were included: dietary patterns or dietary quality indices (n = 6), foods (n = 13), beverages (n = 4), alcohol (n = 7), macronutrients (n =15), and micronutrients (n =19). No meta-analyses had high methodological quality. Five meta-analyses exhibited small study effects; one meta-analysis showed evidence of excess significance bias. No dietary factors showed convincing or highly suggestive evidence of association with RCC in the overall analysis. Two protective factors had suggestive evidence (vegetables (0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) and vitamin C (0.77, 0.66 to 0.90)) in overall analysis. One protective factor had convincing evidence (moderate drinking (0.77, 0.70 to 0.84)) in Europe and North America and one protective factor had highly suggestive evidence (cruciferous vegetables (0.78, 0.70 to 0.86)) in North America. CONCLUSIONS Although many meta-analyses have assessed associations between dietary factors and RCC, no high-quality evidence exists (classes I and II) in the overall analysis. Increased intake of vegetables and vitamin C is negatively associated with RCC risk. Moderate drinking might be beneficial for Europeans and North Americans, and cruciferous vegetables might be beneficial to North Americans, but the results should be interpreted with caution. More researches are needed in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021246619.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchen Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Zhitao Fang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Siqi Gou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Yong Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Trauma Center & Critical Care Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Zhun He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Yansong Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Zheng Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Dongjin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Haiyun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Interpreting and utilizing the findings of nutritional research can be challenging to clinicians, policy makers, and even researchers. To make better decisions about diet, innovative methods that integrate best evidence are needed. We have developed a decision support model that predicts how dietary choices affect life expectancy (LE). METHODS AND FINDINGS Based on meta-analyses and data from the Global Burden of Disease study (2019), we used life table methodology to estimate how LE changes with sustained changes in the intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, refined grains, nuts, legumes, fish, eggs, milk/dairy, red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages. We present estimates (with 95% uncertainty intervals [95% UIs]) for an optimized diet and a feasibility approach diet. An optimal diet had substantially higher intake than a typical diet of whole grains, legumes, fish, fruits, vegetables, and included a handful of nuts, while reducing red and processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages, and refined grains. A feasibility approach diet was a midpoint between an optimal and a typical Western diet. A sustained change from a typical Western diet to the optimal diet from age 20 years would increase LE by more than a decade for women from the United States (10.7 [95% UI 8.4 to 12.3] years) and men (13.0 [95% UI 9.4 to 14.3] years). The largest gains would be made by eating more legumes (females: 2.2 [95% UI 1.1 to 3.4]; males: 2.5 [95% UI 1.1 to 3.9]), whole grains (females: 2.0 [95% UI 1.3 to 2.7]; males: 2.3 [95% UI 1.6 to 3.0]), and nuts (females: 1.7 [95% UI 1.5 to 2.0]; males: 2.0 [95% UI 1.7 to 2.3]), and less red meat (females: 1.6 [95% UI 1.5 to 1.8]; males: 1.9 [95% UI 1.7 to 2.1]) and processed meat (females: 1.6 [95% UI 1.5 to 1.8]; males: 1.9 [95% UI 1.7 to 2.1]). Changing from a typical diet to the optimized diet at age 60 years would increase LE by 8.0 (95% UI 6.2 to 9.3) years for women and 8.8 (95% UI 6.8 to 10.0) years for men, and 80-year-olds would gain 3.4 years (95% UI females: 2.6 to 3.8/males: 2.7 to 3.9). Change from typical to feasibility approach diet would increase LE by 6.2 (95% UI 3.5 to 8.1) years for 20-year-old women from the United States and 7.3 (95% UI 4.7 to 9.5) years for men. Using NutriGrade, the overall quality of evidence was assessed as moderate. The methodology provides population estimates under given assumptions and is not meant as individualized forecasting, with study limitations that include uncertainty for time to achieve full effects, the effect of eggs, white meat, and oils, individual variation in protective and risk factors, uncertainties for future development of medical treatments; and changes in lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS A sustained dietary change may give substantial health gains for people of all ages both for optimized and feasible changes. Gains are predicted to be larger the earlier the dietary changes are initiated in life. The Food4HealthyLife calculator that we provide online could be useful for clinicians, policy makers, and laypeople to understand the health impact of dietary choices.
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Abstract
Since prehistory, human species have depended on plants for both food and medicine. Even in countries with ready access to modern medicines, alternative treatments are still highly regarded and commonly used. Unlike modern pharmaceuticals, many botanical medicines are in widespread use despite a lack of safety and efficacy data derived from controlled clinical trials and often unclear mechanisms of action. Contributing to this are the complex and undefined composition and likely multifactorial mechanisms of action and multiple targets of many botanical medicines. Here, we review the newfound importance of the ubiquitous KCNQ subfamily of voltage-gated potassium channels as targets for botanical medicines, including basil, capers, cilantro, lavender, fennel, chamomile, ginger, and Camellia, Sophora, and Mallotus species. We discuss the implications for the traditional use of these plants for disorders such as seizures, hypertension, and diabetes and the molecular mechanisms of plant secondary metabolite effects on KCNQ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Redford
- Bioelectricity Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA;
| | - Geoffrey W Abbott
- Bioelectricity Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA;
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Perraud E, Parker HW, Tovar A, Kaar J, Vadiveloo M. The relationship between maternal prenatal and postnatal vegetable intake and repeated measures of infant vegetable intake frequency in a national U.S. sample. Appetite 2022; 168:105781. [PMID: 34718072 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Experimental research suggests that passive flavor transfer from maternal diet to the infant via amniotic fluid and breastmilk may improve infant vegetable intake. This secondary analysis examined associations between maternal (prenatal and postnatal) and infant vegetable intake in 696 mothers with eligible dietary data from the U.S. longitudinal Infant Feeding Practices Study II. Adjusted mixed models examined associations between 4 levels of maternal vegetable intake (mean splits of high/low on prenatal and postnatal food frequency questionnaires) and repeated measures of infant vegetable intake frequency (times/day, from monthly surveys). Mothers were on average 29.5 years old, mostly non-Hispanic White (86.2%) and educated (84.0% ≥some college). In base models, mothers with consistently high vegetable intake (vs. consistently low) reported more frequent infant vegetable intake. In multivariable models, infant vegetable intake was significantly more frequent amongst mothers with consistently high prenatal/high postnatal intake (0.9 times/day) versus consistently low intake (0.8 times/day). In this sample, maternal vegetable consumption was associated with frequency of infant vegetable consumption; consistently high vegetable intake across prenatal and postnatal periods was most strongly associated with infant intake. While infant vegetable intake is multifactorial, maternal prenatal and postnatal vegetable intake appeared to have a small but significant influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Perraud
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - Haley W Parker
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 2 Lower College Rd, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 2 Lower College Rd, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Jill Kaar
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 2 Lower College Rd, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
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Barrier analysis for adequate daily fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income residents of Hanoi, Vietnam and Ibadan, Nigeria. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ozaki S, Yamamoto R, Shinzawa M, Tomi R, Yoshimura R, Nakanishi K, Nishida M, Nagatomo I, Kudo T, Yamauchi-Takihara K, Isaka Y, Moriyama T. Vegetable Preference and Prediction of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021; 77:337-343. [PMID: 34700317 DOI: 10.1159/000520044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little information is available about the association between vegetable preference and chronic kidney disease. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 10,819 university workers in Japan who underwent their annual health checkups between January 2005 and March 2013. According to a question "Do you like vegetables"? with 3 possible answers of "I like vegetables," "I like vegetables somewhat," or "I dislike vegetables," 2,831, 2,249, and 104 male workers and 3,902, 1,648, and 85 female workers were classified into the "like," "somewhat," and "dislike" groups, respectively. An association between vegetable preference and incidence of proteinuria (dipstick urinary protein ≥1+) was assessed using Cox proportional-hazards models adjusted for clinically relevant factors. RESULTS During the median observational period of 5.0 years, the incidence of proteinuria was observed in 650 (12.7%) male and 789 (14.1%) female workers. Among male workers, the "dislike" group had a significantly higher risk of proteinuria (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of "like," "somewhat," and "dislike" groups: 1.00 [reference], 1.05 [0.90-1.23], and 1.59 [1.01-2.50], respectively). Among female workers, vegetable preference was associated with the incidence of proteinuria in a dose-dependent manner (1.00 [reference], 1.20 [1.04-1.40], 1.95 [1.26-3.02], respectively). CONCLUSION "Do you like vegetables"? was a clinically useful tool to identify subjects vulnerable to proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ozaki
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan.,Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Maki Shinzawa
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tomi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Kaori Nakanishi
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Izumi Nagatomo
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshiki Moriyama
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan.,Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
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Tietyen Mullins J, Walters J, Najor J, Mikuška J, Courtney A, Norman-Burgdolf H. Evaluation of a social marketing approach to healthy, home-cooked family meals for low-income mothers of young children. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:1312-1321. [PMID: 33421080 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cooking is a complex behavior associated with more frequent and nutrient-dense family meals. The Cook Together, Eat Together (CTET) social marketing program used formative, process, and outcome evaluations over a 3-year period to design a program to increase fruit and vegetable intake and frequency of family meals. We used a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods design with a nonequivalent comparison group to evaluate fruit and vegetable intake and family meals. Eight focus groups of mothers in low-income families with young children revealed two predominant behavioral mediators: (i) importance of family time and (ii) desire for children to learn to cook and become self-sufficient adults. Program design was grounded in formative evaluation and organized by the four Ps of social marketing: (i) product-learning to prepare healthy meals while teaching children to cook; (ii) price-lowered by reducing barriers of food cost, kitchen clean-up, meal planning, grocery shopping; (iii) placement-in neighborhood gathering places with a "cooking social"; and (iv) promotion-flyers, newsletters, and social media. Outcome indicators were assessed pre/post intervention with questions from instruments validated for the audience. Significant changes (n = 68, p ≥ .002, Bonferroni adjustment for p = .05, Cohen's d = .50 medium effect size) were found in consumption of fruits and vegetables with an average increase of half cup each per day. CTET participation significantly increased fruits and vegetables served and eaten at family meals. A social marketing approach can help families with young children increase fruit and vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Tietyen Mullins
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jackie Walters
- Nutrition Education Programs, Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jean Najor
- Nutrition Education Programs, Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jakub Mikuška
- Department of Family Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Anita Courtney
- Purple Carrots Public Health Nutrition Consulting, Lexington, KY, USA
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Eustachio Colombo P, Milner J, Scheelbeek PFD, Taylor A, Parlesak A, Kastner T, Nicholas O, Elinder LS, Dangour AD, Green R. Pathways to "5-a-day": modeling the health impacts and environmental footprints of meeting the target for fruit and vegetable intake in the United Kingdom. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:530-539. [PMID: 33871601 PMCID: PMC8326030 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit and vegetable consumption in the United Kingdom is currently well below recommended levels, with a significant associated public health burden. The United Kingdom has committed to reducing its carbon emissions to net zero by 2050, and this transition will require shifts towards plant-based diets. OBJECTIVE The aim was to quantify the health effects, environmental footprints, and cost associated with 4 different pathways to meeting the United Kingdom's "5-a-day" recommendation for fruit and vegetable consumption. METHODS Dietary data based on 18,006 food diaries from 4528 individuals participating in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2012/13-2016/17) constituted the baseline diet. Linear programming was used to model the hypothetical adoption of the 5-a-day (400 g) recommendation, which was assessed according to 4 pathways differing in their prioritization of fruits versus vegetables and UK-produced versus imported varieties. Increases in fruit and vegetable consumption were substituted for consumption of sweet snacks and meat, respectively. Changes in life expectancy were assessed using the IOMLIFET life table model. Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs), blue water footprint (WF), and total diet cost were quantified for each 5-a-day diet. RESULTS Achieving the 5-a-day target in the United Kingdom could increase average life expectancy at birth by 7-8 mo and reduce diet-related GHGEs by 6.1 to 12.2 Mt carbon dioxide equivalents/y; blue WFs would change by -0.14 to +0.07 km3/y. Greater reductions in GHGEs were achieved by prioritizing increased vegetable consumption over fruit, whereas the greatest reduction in WF was obtained by prioritizing vegetable varieties produced in the United Kingdom. All consumption pathways increased diet cost (£0.34-£0.46/d). CONCLUSIONS Benefits to both population and environmental health could be expected from consumption pathways that meet the United Kingdom's 5-a-day target for fruit and vegetables. Our analysis identifies cross-sectoral trade-offs and opportunities for national policy to promote fruit and vegetable consumption in the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Milner
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline F D Scheelbeek
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alexandr Parlesak
- Global Nutrition and Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kastner
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Owen Nicholas
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liselotte S Elinder
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan D Dangour
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Green
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Giménez-Bastida JA, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Espín JC, González-Sarrías A. Evidence for health properties of pomegranate juices and extracts beyond nutrition: A critical systematic review of human studies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kocanda L, Brain K, Frawley J, Schumacher TL, May J, Rollo ME, Brown LJ. The Effectiveness of Randomized Controlled Trials to Improve Dietary Intake in the Context of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management in Rural Communities: A Systematic Review. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2046-2070.e1. [PMID: 34247977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, to our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews of nutrition interventions in the context of cardiovascular disease prevention and management within rural communities. This is important to investigate, given the unique geographic, social, and contextual factors associated with rurality. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to systematically assess evidence on the effectiveness of randomized controlled trials to improve dietary intake in the context of cardiovascular disease prevention and management in rural communities. METHODS Nine electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2020, including MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, Scopus, Rural and Remote Health, CINAHL, and AMED. Randomized controlled trials that reported results of interventions with adult, rural populations and measured change in dietary intake compared to usual care, alternative intervention, or no intervention controls were included. Included randomized controlled trials were also assessed according to the TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Reporting) checklist and RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework. RESULTS Thirteen articles reporting results of randomized controlled trials were identified. Included articles reported a range of nutrition interventions and measured 18 dietary intake outcomes. Most studies (n = 10) demonstrated effectiveness in altering at least 1 dietary intake outcome, including fruit and/or vegetable (n = 9), fiber (n = 2), Dietary Risk Assessment score (n = 2), energy, dairy, carotene, vitamin C and sodium (all n = 1). However, there was wide variation in the reporting of intervention components (according to the TIDieR checklist) and impact (according to RE-AIM framework), resulting in difficulty interpreting the "real-world" implications of these results. CONCLUSIONS Through this systematic review, we found limited evidence of improvement in dietary intakes due to nutrition interventions in the context of cardiovascular disease prevention and management in rural communities. Fruit and/or vegetable intakes were the most frequently reported dietary intake outcomes, and most likely to be improved across the included studies. Included studies were generally not well reported, which may hinder replication by clinicians and consolidation of the evidence base by other researchers. Given the substantial burden of cardiovascular disease experienced by those living in rural areas of developed countries, additional high-quality nutrition research that acknowledges the complexities of rural health is required.
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Tani Y, Ochi M, Fujiwara T. Association of Nursery School-Level Promotion of Vegetable Eating with Caregiver-Reported Vegetable Consumption Behaviours among Preschool Children: A Multilevel Analysis of Japanese Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072236. [PMID: 34209773 PMCID: PMC8308217 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursery schools can play an important role in children developing healthy eating behaviours, including vegetable consumption. However, the effect of school-level vegetable promotion on vegetable consumption and body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This study examined the associations of nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals with Japanese children’s vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. We used cross-sectional data collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 on 7402 children in classes of 3–5-year-olds in all 133 licensed nursery schools in Adachi, Tokyo, Japan. Caregivers were surveyed on their children’s eating behaviours (frequency of eating vegetables, willingness to eat vegetables and number of kinds of vegetables eaten), height and weight. Nursery school-level promotion of eating vegetables first at meals was assessed using individual responses, with the percentage of caregivers reporting that their children ate vegetables first at meals as a proxy for the school-level penetration of the promotion of vegetable eating. Multilevel analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of school-level vegetable-eating promotion with vegetable consumption behaviours and BMI. Children in schools that were 1 interquartile range higher on vegetable promotion ate vegetable dishes more often (β = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.004–0.07), and were more often willing to eat vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.28), as well as to eat more kinds of vegetables (adjusted odds ratio = 1.19 times; 95% CI: 1.06–1.34). School-level vegetable-eating promotion was not associated with BMI. The school-level health strategy of eating vegetables first may be effective in increasing children’s vegetable intake but not in preventing being overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5803-5189; Fax: +81-3-5803-5190
| | - Manami Ochi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0104, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (M.O.); (T.F.)
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Visioli F, Marangoni F, Poli A, Ghiselli A, Martini D. Nutrition and health or nutrients and health? Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:141-148. [PMID: 34148498 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1937958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diet is an important contributor to human health and public health bodies are issuing guidelines aimed at favouring healthy food choices. The aim of our paper is to discuss the aspects underlying the concept of nutrient profiles, that is, defining levels of energy, some macronutrients, or salt which should not be exceeded in individual foods, according to the available evidence, to help in understanding to what extent such approach may actually be useful for improving nutrition and quality of life of European consumers. We list several pitfalls and oversimplifications of the current approaches to nutrient profiling and of the dichotomic classification of foods into "healthy" and "unhealthy" products. In view of the current "Facilitating healthier food choices - establishing nutrient profiles" EU initiative, we believe that further debate among all stakeholders is warranted and must consider all the limitations outlined in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Visioli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,IMDEA-Food, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Kuzmickiene I, Everatt R. Trends and age-period-cohort analysis of upper aerodigestive tract and stomach cancer mortality in Lithuania, 1987-2016. Public Health 2021; 196:62-68. [PMID: 34153634 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lithuania has among the highest mortality rates for upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and stomach cancer in Europe. The aim of this study was to analyze trends during the period 1987-2016 in Lithuania, evaluating the effect of birth-cohort, period, and age. STUDY DESIGN Observational time trends study. METHODS Data on numbers of deaths and population size by each calendar year in 5-year age groups in 1987-2016 were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to evaluate changes in time trends. Age-period-cohort analysis was performed to assess age, calendar period of death, and birth-cohort effects. RESULTS UADT cancer mortality in men increased between 1987 and 1993, annual percentage change (APC) = 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8, 9.4), and was stable thereafter, APC = 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0, 0.6). The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 23.6/100,000 in 2016. In women, rates increased steadily by 1.6% (95% CI: 0.9%, 2.3%) per year from 1987 to 2016, ASMR = 2.3/100,000 in 2016. Age-period-cohort analysis showed statistically significant cohort effects in both sexes. In men, rates peaked in birth-cohorts born around 1952, declined in 1957-1962 birth-cohorts, and fluctuated in later birth-cohorts. In women, rates started rising in 1947 birth cohort and peaked in the 1967 birth cohort. Stomach cancer mortality declined throughout the study period in men by -2.4%, (95% CI: -2.6%, -2.1%) annually, and women by -2.8% (95% CI: -3.1%, -2.4%), ASMR = 16.1/100,000 and 6.0/100,000 in 2016, respectively. Birth-cohort effects were significant in both sexes. Rates decreased in cohorts born around 1920 onwards, but declines in the youngest generations have slowed in men and reversed in women. CONCLUSIONS The birth-cohort effects in UADT and stomach cancer mortality trends imply that the elevated burden in Lithuania could be reduced by effective strategies targeting known risk factors. Further research in causes of unfavorable trends in younger cohorts is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kuzmickiene
- Laboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - R Everatt
- Laboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Englund TR, Hedrick VE, Patiño SRG, Kennedy LE, Hosig KW, Serrano EL, Kraak VI. Awareness and outcomes of the fruits and veggies (FNV) campaign to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among targeted audiences in California and Virginia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1100. [PMID: 34107896 PMCID: PMC8191097 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2015, the Partnership for a Healthier America launched the branded Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign to apply a unique industry-inspired marketing approach to promote fruit and vegetable sales and intake to moms and teens in two US pilot markets: Fresno, California and Hampton Roads, Virginia. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to: 1) assess brand awareness and fruit- and vegetable-related outcomes among FNV Campaign target audiences in the California and Virginia market locations; and 2) examine whether reported awareness of the FNV Campaign was associated with differences in fruit- and vegetable-related cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Methods Data for this cross-sectional study were collected using an online survey administered to a non-probability convenience sample (n = 1604; February–July 2017) of youth aged 14–20 years (n = 744) and moms aged 21–36 years (n = 860) in the two pilot markets. Descriptive statistics were computed and outcomes compared between unaware and aware respondents, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to assess whether fruit- and vegetable-related attitude, belief, and encouragement outcomes differed by FNV Campaign awareness; logistic regression was used to examine associations between FNV brand awareness and dichotomous variables (fruit- and vegetable-related behavioral intentions, trying new fruits and vegetables); and ANCOVA was used to assess associations with daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency. Results Approximately 20% (n = 315/1604) of respondents reported awareness of the FNV Campaign. Youth that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 167, 22.4%) had higher intentions to buy (p = 0.003) and eat (p = 0.009) fruits and vegetables than unaware respondents. Mothers that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 148, 17.2%) reported greater encouragement for friends and family to eat fruits and vegetables (p = 0.013) and were approximately 1.5 times more likely to report trying a new fruit or vegetable (p = 0.04) than mothers unaware of the Campaign. Daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency did not differ by Campaign awareness. Conclusions FNV Campaign awareness was associated with limited but positive short- and intermediate-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes among target audience respondents. These findings can inform future research to enhance understanding and improve the FNV Campaign as it is expanded to new markets nationwide. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11055-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa R Englund
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3300, Thurston Building, CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Valisa E Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, 335-A Wallace Hall, 295 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Sofía Rincón-Gallardo Patiño
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, 338 Wallace Hall, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Lauren E Kennedy
- Michigan State University Extension, Justin S. Morrill Hall of Agriculture, 446 W. Circle Drive, Room 409, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1039, USA
| | - Kathryn W Hosig
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Room 334, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Elena L Serrano
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, 327 Wallace Hall, 295 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Vivica I Kraak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, 257 Wallace Hall, 295 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
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Karagiannaki K, Ritz C, Andreasen DS, Achtelik R, Møller P, Hausner H, Olsen A. Optimising Repeated Exposure: Determining Optimal Stimulus Shape for Introducing a Novel Vegetable among Children. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050909. [PMID: 33919238 PMCID: PMC8143140 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well evident that a healthy diet rich in fruit and vegetables could prevent a number of major chronic diseases, national and international guidelines concerning their intake are not being reached by a large percentage of the population, including children. Thus, it is of interest to investigate how the consumption of this food group by children could be increased. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of serving style on the consumption of a raw snack vegetable (daikon) and the influence of its exposure on liking and intake of the vegetable. A group of 185 children 3–5 years old participated in the study. Two kindergartens served as intervention groups, while the third was assigned to be the control group of the study (n = 50). The intervention groups were repeatedly exposed to one of three different serving styles of daikon: sticks (n = 42), triangles (n = 46) or grated (n = 47), and they were all visited 7 times during the exposure period, on the same frequency (twice per week). Familiarity and liking of the target vegetable, daikon, and six other vegetables (cucumber, celery, celeriac, broccoli, cauliflower and beetroot) were measured at baseline, post-intervention and two follow up sessions (3- and 6-month) to investigate the likelihood of generalisation effects. Intake of daikon was measured at all control sessions and exposures. Moreover, children were asked to rank their favourite serving style of daikon and beetroot, among triangle, stick and grated, towards understanding the influence of shape on the efficacy of the exposure. The results revealed significant changes between liking and intake of daikon for the groups of triangles and sticks and the control group (p < 0.05). The group that received grated daikon did not show significant differences in liking and at intake levels during the exposures but performed well in the long-term. Throughout the exposure period, intake levels followed an overall increasing pattern, with all the groups to demonstrate a decrease of their intake at the last session, which was not found significant for the triangle group. Mere exposure was efficient towards increasing liking and intake of the novel vegetable with all the shapes to deliver positive results, but based on this study no particular serving style can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klelia Karagiannaki
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Christian Ritz
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 25, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Ditte Søbye Andreasen
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Raphaela Achtelik
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Per Møller
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Helene Hausner
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Annemarie Olsen
- Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (K.K.); (D.S.A.); (R.A.); (P.M.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-35-33-10-18
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Tanaka S, Yoneoka D, Ishizuka A, Ueda P, Nakamura K, Uneyama H, Hayashi N, Shibuya K, Nomura S. Projections of disability-adjusted life years for major diseases due to a change in vegetable intake in 2017-2040 in Japan. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:770. [PMID: 33882887 PMCID: PMC8061031 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low vegetable intake is one of the key dietary risk factors known to be associated with a range of health problems, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, and diabetes and kidney diseases (DKDs). Using data from Japan’s National Health and Nutrition Surveys and the Global Burden of Diseases study in 2017, this study aimed to forecast the impact of change in vegetable intake on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) between 2017 and 2040 for three diseases. Methods We generated a three-component model of cause-specific DALYs, including changes in major behavioural and metabolic risk predictors, the socio-demographic index and an autoregressive integrated moving average model to project future DALY rates for 2017–2040 using the data between 1990 and 2016. Data on Vegetable consumption and risk predictors, and DALY rate were obtained from Japan’s National Health and Nutrition Surveys and the Global Burden of Diseases Study in 2017. We also modelled three scenarios of better, moderate and worse cases to evaluate the impact of change in vegetable consumption on the DALY rates for three diseases (CVDs, cancer, and DKDs). Results Projected mean vegetable intake in the total population showed a decreasing trend through 2040 to 237.7 g/day. A significant difference between the reference scenario and the better case scenario was observed with un-overlapped 95% prediction intervals of DALY rates in females aged 20–49 years (− 8.0%) for CVDs, the total population for cancer (− 5.6%), and in males (− 8.2%) and females (− 13.7%) for DKDs. Conclusions Our analysis indicates that increased vegetable consumption would have a significant reduction in the burdens of CVDs, cancer and DKDs in Japan. By estimating the disease burden attributable to low vegetable intake under different scenarios of future vegetable consumption, our study can inform the design of targeted interventions for public health challenges. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10772-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Tanaka
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Yoneoka
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Ishizuka
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Peter Ueda
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keiji Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Information Studies, Tokyo City University, Yokohama, Japan.,Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Hayashi
- Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Shibuya
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Institute for Population Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Associations of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods with incidence of type 2 diabetes. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:1065-1075. [PMID: 33355062 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520005140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dietary carbohydrates have long been expected to be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the associations for many carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods remain inconclusive. This study analysed associations between intakes of six types of carbohydrates and thirteen carbohydrate-rich foods with incident type 2 diabetes in 26 622 participants (61 % women) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study in southern Sweden. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) by using a modified diet history method. During mean follow-up of 18 years, 4046 cases were identified. Adjusting for potential confounders (including lifestyle, BMI and dietary factors), comparing highest v. lowest quintile of intake, monosaccharides (hazard ratio (HR) 0·88; 95 % CI 0·79, 0·98; Ptrend = 0·02) and fruits (HR 0·91; 95 % CI 0·82, 1·01; Ptrend = 0·03) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes, while disaccharides (HR 1·17; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·30; Ptrend = 0·002) and sweets (HR 1·09; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·19; Ptrend = 0·02) were positively associated. After stratification by sex, marmalade/honey/jam (HR 0·82; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·94; Ptrend < 0·001) and vegetables (HR 0·85; 95 % CI 0·73, 0·98; Ptrend = 0·06) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes in men and chocolate (HR 1·26; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·46; Ptrend < 0·001) was positively associated in women. In conclusion, we identified inverse associations for intake of monosaccharides and fruits with type 2 diabetes risk, and positive associations for disaccharides and sweets. Additional sex-specific associations were also identified. Future studies are needed to explore these associations further.
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Hoang T, Kim H, Kim J. Dietary Intake in Association with All-Cause Mortality and Colorectal Cancer Mortality among Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113391. [PMID: 33207660 PMCID: PMC7697273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Given that an extensive range of dietary factors has not been investigated among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors to date, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of both prediagnostic and postdiagnostic dietary intake on all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality among CRC survivors. In total, 45 studies were included in the final analysis of 35 food items, 8 macronutrients, 27 micronutrients, 2 dietary patterns, and 13 dietary indexes in association with all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality. We found that an unhealthy dietary pattern increased the risks of both all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality. The role of prediagnostic and postdiagnostic intake such as macronutrients and fatty acids could be different in the risk of all-cause mortality. Overall, comprehensive evidence for the effect of substantial numbers of prediagnostic and postdiagnostic dietary items on mortality outcomes is reported in this study. Abstract We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of both prediagnostic and postdiagnostic dietary intake on all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality among CRC survivors. An extensive search of PubMed and Embase was conducted to identify eligible studies. We applied a random-effects model to estimate the pooled relative risks (RRs)/hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). As a result, a total of 45 studies were included in the final analysis. Pooled effect sizes from at least three study populations showed that whole grains and calcium were inversely associated with all-cause mortality, with RRs/HRs (95% CIs) of 0.83 (0.69–0.99) and 0.84 (0.73–0.97), respectively. In contrast, a positive association between an unhealthy dietary pattern and both all-cause mortality (RR/HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.05–2.05) and CRC-specific mortality (RR/HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.13–2.06) was observed among CRC survivors. In the subgroup analysis by CRC diagnosis, prediagnostic and postdiagnostic dietary intake such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and fiber were observed to have different effects on all-cause mortality. Overall, an unhealthy dietary pattern increased the risks of both all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality. The role of prediagnostic and postdiagnostic intake of dietary elements such as macronutrients and fatty acids could be different in the risk of all-cause mortality.
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Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Markers in Children and Adolescents: Genobox Cohort. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113424. [PMID: 33171599 PMCID: PMC7695147 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key factor for obesity development; however, limited data are available on dietary cluster analysis in children with obesity. We aimed to assess the associations between dietary patterns and obesity and several cardiometabolic markers. Anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance, blood pressure and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial damage were determined in 674 Caucasian children, aged 5-16, with normal or excess weight. Using a food frequency questionnaire and cluster analysis, two consistent dietary patterns were shown, labeled as health conscious (HC) and sweet and processed (SP). The HC pattern included a greater proportion of participants with overweight/obesity than the SP cluster (80.1% vs. 63.8%). However, children with obesity within the HC cluster, showed less abdominal fat, through waist to hip (0.93 vs. 0.94) and waist to height (0.61 vs. 0.63) indexes (p < 0.01). Univariate general models showed several additional differences in cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in the global and stratified analyses, with a healthier profile being observed mainly in the HC cluster. However, multivariate models questioned these findings and pointed out the need for further studies in this field. Anyhow, our findings support the benefits of a healthy diet and highlight the importance of dietary patterns in the cardiometabolic risk assessment of children with overweight/obesity, beyond weight control.
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