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Porras-Rivera G, Górski K, Colin N. Behavioral biomarkers in fishes: a non-lethal approach to assess the effects of chemical pollution on freshwater ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:119607. [PMID: 39002628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The expansion of the human population and the escalating use of chemical products pose a considerable threat to aquatic biodiversity. Consequently, there is an imperative need for the implementation of non-lethal, cost-effective, and easily deployable biomonitoring tools. In this context, fish and their behavior as biomarkers have gained prominence in monitoring of freshwater ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess the state of art in the use of behavioral biomarkers in ecotoxicology, emphasizing their role as informative tools for global environmental monitoring. Through a systematic literature search, ninety-two articles focusing on the evaluation of behavioral changes in freshwater fish in response to pollution were identified. The most prevalent keywords were "behavior" (7%) and "zebrafish" (6%). Experiments were conducted in countries with expansive territories, such as the United States (18%) and Brazil (17%). Exotic species were primarily employed (58%), with Danio rerio (26%) being the most frequently studied species. Among pollutants, pesticides (32%) and medicines (25%) were the most frequently studied, while locomotion (38%) and social behaviors (18%) were the most frequently evaluated behaviors. Across these studies, authors consistently reported significant changes in the behavior of fish exposed to contaminants, including decreased swimming speed and compromised feeding efficiency. The review findings affirm that evaluating behavioral biomarkers in freshwater fish offers an informative, non-lethal, cost-effective, and easily implementable approach to understanding pollution impacts on freshwater ecosystems. Although few studies on behavioral biomarkers were available up to date, the number has rapidly increased in recent years. Furthermore, a variety of novel approaches and study models are being included. Research into behavioral biomarkers is crucial for understanding and managing environmental risks in freshwater ecosystems. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of behavioral toxicity indicators, considering factors such as life stage, sex, and breeding season in the tested species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Porras-Rivera
- Doctorado en Ciencias mención Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Konrad Górski
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Nicole Colin
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; Programa Austral Patagonia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
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Kuprijanov I, Buhhalko N, Eriksson U, Sjöberg V, Rotander A, Kolesova N, Lipp M, Buschmann F, Hashmi A, Liblik T, Lehtonen KK. A case study on microlitter and chemical contaminants: Assessing biological effects in the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland (Baltic sea) using the mussel Mytilus trossulus as a bioindicator. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 199:106628. [PMID: 38968804 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Chemical and microlitter (ML) pollution in three Estonian coastal areas (Baltic Sea) was investigated using mussels (Mytilus trossulus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in mussel tissues were observed in moderate levels with high bioaccumulation factors for the more hydrophilic and low molecular weight PAH (LMW PAH), namely anthracene and fluorene. Tissue concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium within mussel populations exceeded the Good Environmental Status thresholds by more than 200% and 60%, respectively. Multiple contamination at the Muuga Harbour site by tributyltin, high molecular weight PAH, including the highly toxic benzo[c]fluorene and PBDE, coincided with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity and a lower condition index of the mussels. The metabolization and removal of bioaccumulated LMW PAH, reflected in the dominance of oxy-PAH such as anthracene-9,10-dione, is likely associated with the increased activity of glutathione S-transferase in caged mussels. Only a few microplastic particles were observed among the ML in mussel tissues, with coloured cellulose-based microfibers being the most prevalent. The average concentration of ML in mussels was significantly higher at the harbour area than at other sites. The integrated biomarker response index values allowed for the differentiation of pollution levels across studied locations representing high, intermediate, and low pollution levels within the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kuprijanov
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Natalja Buhhalko
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ulrika Eriksson
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Viktor Sjöberg
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Rotander
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Natalja Kolesova
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Maarja Lipp
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Fred Buschmann
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Arslan Hashmi
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Taavi Liblik
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kari K Lehtonen
- Marine and Freshwater Solutions Unit, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke), Agnes Sjöbergin Katu 2, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland
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Minaz M, Kurtoğlu İZ. Long-term exposure of endangered Danube sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) to bisphenol A (BPA): growth, behavioral, histological, genotoxic, and hematological evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:30836-30848. [PMID: 38622415 PMCID: PMC11096217 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Danube sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) which is identified as endangered species can be exposed to pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA) that have a disruptive effect on the endocrine system at any time. Starting from this motivation, the current study focused on BPA toxicity in A. gueldenstaedtii juvenile individuals and its adverse effects in sub-lethal concentration. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of BPA was 5.03 mg/L in 96th hour. In the chronic period, 0.625 mg/L and 1.25 mg/L BPA concentrations were evaluated based on the result of acute study. Accordingly, growth performance was significantly decreased in BPA groups (1.25 mg/L BPA group was significantly lowest) compared to control (p < 0.05). In the acute period, behavioral disorders were standing at the bottom/corner of tank, slowing and stopping of gill movement, decreased response to stimuli, and death, respectively. While vacuolization was severe in the liver tissue of the fish in the acute period, intense necrosis and melanomacrophage centers were observed in the chronic period. In terms of genotoxicity, longer DNA migration was observed in all groups exposed to BPA than in the control group. In addition, lower erythrocyte and hemoglobin were observed in the BPA groups compared to control. As a result, the current study revealed toxic effect of BPA on A. gueldenstaedtii juvenile individuals and its negative results on fish physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Minaz
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - İlker Zeki Kurtoğlu
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Lo Nostro FL, Gomes ADO, Tolussi CE, Lozano I, Moreira RG. A biomarker approach to study the effects of polluted Brazilian urban reservoirs in a native fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171500. [PMID: 38447713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Two of the largest water reservoirs in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil (MRSP), named Billings and Guarapiranga, are facing high levels of anthropic impact. This is evidenced by the presence of contaminants and pollutants, which are deteriorating their water quality. Therefore, this study evaluated antioxidant defense enzymes, lipoperoxidation and genotoxicity, in adult females of a native species, Astyanax altiparanae from the Guarapiranga and Billings reservoirs. The study also aimed to evaluate these biomarkers during two different periods of the year, the rainy (summer) and dry (winter) seasons. The oxidative stress was evaluated by the activity of enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferases, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the gills and liver, and the occurrence of lipoperoxidation was also evaluated in both organs. The genotoxicity was assessed by performing comet assay, micronucleus, and nuclear abnormality tests on blood samples. The results showed that fish from both reservoirs are subjected to oxidative stress and genotoxic damage, mainly during winter, but fish living in Billings showed greater alterations than fish from Guarapiranga. Likewise, the results of the principal component analysis suggested that caffeine, nitrogenous compounds, and some metals might be triggering these toxic effects in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática and IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aline Dal Olio Gomes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ismael Lozano
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática and IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
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Marinsek GP, de Oliveira ICCDS, Ribeiro CC, Gusso-Choueri PK, Choueri RB, Abessa DMDS, Mari RDB. Multiple biomarkers in pufferfish as a proxy of environmental health in brazilian marine protected areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169742. [PMID: 38163587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are designed to conserve biodiversity and vulnerable ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the environmental quality of three Brazilian MPAs, based on the integrated analysis of biomarkers in pufferfish. The MPAs are differentiated by the degree of anthropogenic influences. The Barra do Una Estuary sustainable reserve (JUR) is a reference area due to its low levels of contamination and species diversity. The Cananéia Estuarine System (CAN) has been recognized as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO, as well as a Ramsar wetland. This MPA was influenced by upstream mining activities, resulting in the introduction of metals in the estuarine waters and the discharge of untreated urban sewage. The São Vicente estuary (SSV) lacks proper sanitation infrastructure. All collections were conducted during winter season, and, after collection, the animals were euthanized, their soft tissues were removed, and multiple biomarkers were analyzed in the gills and liver, as biometric, genotoxic, biochemical, and morphological. A one-factor multivariate analysis was applied to evaluate the differences between the data sets, and the matrices were analyzed using PERMANOVA to evaluate the "estuary" factor. The results were integrated using PCA with a 0.4 cut value and an Enhanced Integrated Biomarker Response (EIBR) was calculated. PCA was correlated with biochemical, genotoxic, and morphological biomarkers. In general, SVV differed from CAN and JUR as shown by both univariate and multivariate analyses. SVV also showed the highest EIBR, followed by CAN. Organisms from SSV showed greater gill pathology, elevated AChE activity and lipoperoxidation (LPO), and micronuclei frequency. CAN present intermediate EIBR, with severe pathologies in the liver. CAN seems to present an intermediate environmental quality between SSV and JUR indicating the importance of the existence of MPAs for environmental conservation and the need to monitor such areas, to maintain their suitable environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caio César Ribeiro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Renata de Britto Mari
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, São Vicente, Brazil
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Múrria C, Maceda-Veiga A, Barata C, Gomà J, Faria M, Antich A, Arnedo MA, Bonada N, Prat N. From biomarkers to community composition: Negative effects of UV/chlorine-treated reclaimed urban wastewater on freshwater biota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169561. [PMID: 38142994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of urban wastewater reclaimed water has recently increased across the globe to restore stream environmental flows and mitigate the effects of water scarcity. Reclaimed water is disinfected using different treatments, but their effects into the receiving rivers are little studied. Physiological bioassays and biomarkers can detect sub-lethal effects on target species, but do not provide information on changes in community structure. In contrast, official monitoring programs use community structure information but often at coarse taxonomic resolution level that may fail to detect species level impacts. Here, we combined commonly used biomonitoring approaches from organism physiology to community species composition to scan a broad range of effects of disinfection of reclaimed water by UV-light only and both UV/chlorine on the biota. We (1) performed bioassays in one laboratory species (water flea Daphnia magna) and measured biomarkers in two wild species (caddisfly Hydropsyche exocellata and the barbel Luciobarbus graellsii), (2) calculated standard indices of biotic quality (IBQ) for diatoms, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fishes, and (3) analysed community species composition of eukaryotes determined by Cytochrome Oxidase C subunit I (cox1) metabarcoding. Only the UV/chlorine treatment caused significant changes in feeding rates of D. magna and reduced antioxidant defenses, increased anaerobic metabolism and altered the levels of lipid peroxidiation in H. exocellata. However, inputs of reclaimed water were significantly associated with a greater proportion of circulating neutrophils and LG-PAS cells in L. graellsii. Despite IBQ did not discriminate between the two water treatments, metabarcoding data detected community composition changes upon exposure to UV/chlorine reclaimed water. Overall, despite the effects of UV/chlorine-treated water were transient, our study suggests that UV-light treated is less harmful for freshwater biota than UV/chlorine-treated reclaimed water, but those effects depend of the organizational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesc Múrria
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Zoological Systematics & Evolution (ZooSysEvo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca FORESTREAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Gomà
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adrià Antich
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes (Girona), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel A Arnedo
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Zoological Systematics & Evolution (ZooSysEvo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Resende AC, Pereira DMC. IBRtools: An R package for calculating integrated biomarker indexes. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10864. [PMID: 38304267 PMCID: PMC10834099 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Multibiomarker studies are useful to evaluate the early warning signs of environmental degradation, and their unified responses are often assessed through two common indexes, Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) and Integrated Biological Responses version 2 (IBRv2). The R package IBRtools allows users to calculate both IBR and IBRv2 while simultaneously incorporating all the biomarkers under evaluation. The package includes functions for calculating the indexes IBR and IBRv2 and obtaining their standardized values, as well a function for radar chart creation and three example datasets. Here we describe the main algorithms involved in IBR and IBRv2 calculations, a description of the novel package and illustrate a workflow using data examples available on the package to guide the user on how to accurately acquire the values for either the IBR index or the IBRv2 index. The IBRtools package provides a user-friendly platform for R users to obtain IBR index and IBRv2 values, making it straightforward even for large datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carolina Resende
- Marine Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling Lab, School of Biological SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Diego Mauro Carneiro Pereira
- Carl Peter von Dietrich Glycobiology Laboratory, Biochemistry DepartmentFederal University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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Koperski P. It Is Not Only Data-Freshwater Invertebrates Misused in Biological Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2570. [PMID: 37627360 PMCID: PMC10451281 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The article presents and discusses the issues of the use of free-living invertebrates to assess the ecological status of freshwater environments with different methods of biological monitoring. Invertebrates are excluded from ethical consideration in the procedures of environmental protection, which results in the killing of many more individuals during sampling than necessary. Biomonitoring is used as a routine method for environmental protection that results in the cruel death of even millions of aquatic animals annually. In many cases, the mortality of animals used in such types of activities has been shown as excessive, e.g., because the vast majority die due to unnecessary subsampling procedures. Improperly planned and conducted procedures which result in excessive mortality have or may have a negative impact on the environment and biodiversity. Their existence as sensitive beings is reduced to an information function; they become only data useful for biomonitoring purposes. The main problem when trying to determine the mortality of invertebrates due to biomonitoring activities and its impact on natural populations seems to be the lack of access to raw data presenting how many animals were killed during sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Koperski
- Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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de Mello Souza T, Choueri RB, Nobre CR, de Souza Abessa DM, Moreno BB, Carnaúba JH, Mendes GI, de Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, Simões FR, Gusso-Choueri PK. Interactive effects of microplastics and benzo[a]pyrene on two species of marine invertebrates. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115170. [PMID: 37329735 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate B[a]P and low-density polyethylene microplastics (MPs) toxicty, alone and in mixture (0.03 to 30 μg L-1 of B[a]P; and 5, 50 and 500 mg L-1 for MPs). Five mg L-1 of MPs is considerably higher than commonly reported environmental concentrations, although it has been reported for marine environments. Individual (sea urchin embryo-larval development and mortality of mysids) and sub-individual responses (LPO and DNA damage in mysids) were assessed. The toxicity increased as the B[a]P concentration increased, and microplastics alone did not cause toxicity. B[a]P toxicity was not modified by the lowest concentration of MPs (5 mg L-1), but at higher MPs concentrations (50 and 500 mg L-1), the effects of B[a]P on sea urchin development and in biomarkers in mysids were diminished. Microplastics interacted with B[a]P in seawater, reducing its toxicity, probably due to adsorption of B[a]P to the surface of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawany de Mello Souza
- Universidade Santa Cecília (Unisanta), R. Oswaldo Cruz, 277, Boqueirão, 11045-907 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - ALS Life Sciences Brasil - Food & Agro, R. Fábia, 59, Vila Romana, 05051-030 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Caio Rodrigues Nobre
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia - ALS Life Sciences Brasil - Food & Agro, R. Fábia, 59, Vila Romana, 05051-030 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- NEPEA, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barbosa Moreno
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Hérelis Carnaúba
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química: Ciência e Tecnologia da Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Izar Mendes
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratório de Estudos do Petróleo, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecilia Rizzatti de Albergaria-Barbosa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Marinha, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratório de Estudos do Petróleo, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ruiz Simões
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Campus Baixada Santista. Rua Maria Máximo, 168, Ponta da Praia, 11030-100 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Machuca-Sepúlveda J, Miranda J, Lefin N, Pedroso A, Beltrán JF, Farias JG. Current Status of Omics in Biological Quality Elements for Freshwater Biomonitoring. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:923. [PMID: 37508354 PMCID: PMC10376755 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems have been experiencing various forms of threats, mainly since the last century. The severity of this adverse scenario presents unprecedented challenges to human health, water supply, agriculture, forestry, ecological systems, and biodiversity, among other areas. Despite the progress made in various biomonitoring techniques tailored to specific countries and biotic communities, significant constraints exist, particularly in assessing and quantifying biodiversity and its interplay with detrimental factors. Incorporating modern techniques into biomonitoring methodologies presents a challenging topic with multiple perspectives and assertions. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the contemporary advancements in freshwater biomonitoring, specifically by utilizing omics methodologies such as genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics. The present study aims to elucidate the rationale behind the imperative need for modernization in this field. This will be achieved by presenting case studies, examining the diverse range of organisms that have been studied, and evaluating the potential benefits and drawbacks associated with the utilization of these methodologies. The utilization of advanced high-throughput bioinformatics techniques represents a sophisticated approach that necessitates a significant departure from the conventional practices of contemporary freshwater biomonitoring. The significant contributions of omics techniques in the context of biological quality elements (BQEs) and their interpretations in ecological problems are crucial for biomonitoring programs. Such contributions are primarily attributed to the previously overlooked identification of interactions between different levels of biological organization and their responses, isolated and combined, to specific critical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Machuca-Sepúlveda
- Doctoral Program on Natural Resources Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, 01145, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Javiera Miranda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nicolás Lefin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Alejandro Pedroso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Jorge F Beltrán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Jorge G Farias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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11
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Bony S, Labeille M, Lefrancois E, Noury P, Olivier JM, Santos R, Teichert N, Besnard A, Devaux A. The goby fish Sicydium spp. as valuable sentinel species towards the chemical stress in freshwater bodies of West Indies. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106623. [PMID: 37429095 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of the European Water Framework Directive in tropical areas such as the French West Indies (FWI) requires to select relevant aquatic sentinel species for investigating the ecological status of surface waters. The present work aimed to study the biological response of the widespread fish Sicydium spp. towards river chemical quality in Guadeloupe island through a set of proper biomarkers. During a 2-year survey, the hepatic EROD activity, the micronucleus formation and the level of primary DNA strand breaks in erythrocytes were measured respectively as an enzymatic biomarker of exposure and genotoxicity endpoints in fish living upstream and downstream of two chemically-contrasted rivers. Hepatic EROD activity was shown to be variable along the time but always significantly higher in fish from the most contaminated river (Rivière aux Herbes) compared to the low contaminated one (Grande Rivière de Vieux-Habitants). Fish size did not influence EROD activity. Female fish exhibited a lower EROD activity compared to males depending on the catching period. We observed significant temporal variation in micronucleus frequency and primary DNA damage level measured in fish erythrocytes that did not depend on the fish size. Micronucleus frequency and to a lesser extent DNA damage were significantly higher in fish from the Rivière aux Herbes compared to the Grande Rivière de Vieux-Habitants. Our results argue for the interest of using Sicydium spp. as sentinel species to assess river quality and chemical pressures in FWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bony
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, INRAE, USC 1369, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
| | - M Labeille
- Sentinelle Lab, F-97125 Bouillante, France
| | | | - P Noury
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J M Olivier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - R Santos
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - N Teichert
- UMR 7208 BOREA, MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Paris, France
| | - A Besnard
- CEFE, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - A Devaux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, INRAE, USC 1369, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France.
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12
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Biswas JK, Pramanik S, Kumar M. Fish parasites as proxy bioindicators of degraded water quality of River Saraswati, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:818. [PMID: 37286743 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The nature and intensity of water pollution determine the effects on aquatic biota and aquatic ecosystem health. The present study aimed at assessing the impact of the degraded physicochemical regime of river Saraswati, a polluted river having a historical legacy, on the parasitic infection and the role of fish parasite as a bioindicator of water quality. Two Water Quality Indices (WQIs) were adopted as useful tools for assessing the overall water quality status of polluted river based on 10 physicochemical parameters. Total 394 fish (Channa punctata) were examined. Ectoparasite Trichodina sp., Gyrodactylus sp., and endoparasites Eustrongylides sp. were collected from the host fish. Prevalence, mean intensity and abundance for each sampling period were calculated for the determination of parasitic load. The parasitic load of Trichodina sp. and Gyrodactylus sp. was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in winter, whereas the parasitic load of Eustrongylides sp. showed no significant (p > 0.05) seasonal fluctuation. The parasitic load of ectoparasites was negatively correlated with temperature, free carbon dioxide, biochemical oxygen demand, and WAWQI but positively correlated with electrical conductivity and CCMEWQI. Fish health was found to be adversely affected by degrading water qualities and parasitic infection. A 'vicious cycle' develops as a result of the interplay among deteriorating water quality, withering fish immunological defence, and amplifying parasitic infection. Since parasitic load was strongly conditioned by the combined influence of a suite of water quality parameters the fish parasites can be used as a powerful indicator of deteriorating water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, Nadia, India.
| | - Sasanka Pramanik
- Department of Zoology, Sreegopal Banerjee College, Bagati, Mogra, West Bengal, 712148, Hooghly, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
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Miranda Dos Santos CC, Rodrigues Nauar A, Azevedo Ferreira J, da Silva Montes C, Rovasi Adolfo F, Leal G, Moraes Reis G, Lapinsky J, Machado de Carvalho L, Amado LL. Multiple anthropogenic influences in the Pará River (Amazonia, Brazil): A spatial-temporal ecotoxicological monitoring in abiotic and biotic compartments. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138090. [PMID: 36791820 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The mineral wealth of the Amazon region is prone to intense exploration with consequent metals mobilization in ecosystems. Besides that, a number of other anthropogenic activities contribute to the imbalance of this important environment. The Pará River is an important water body in the Amazon basin and is under multiple anthropogenic influences, including disorderly urbanization, port activities and processing of minerals such as bauxite and kaolin. In this study, metals concentrations (Al, Cr, Pb, Ba, Ni, and Mn) in water, sediment and organisms (the fish Cheirocerus goeldii and the shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum) and biochemical biomarkers (total antioxidant capacity, ACAP and lipid peroxidation, LPO) were analyzed along five points in the Para River with different distances to a center of anthropogenic activity, in three seasonal periods (rainy, transition and dry). Metals concentrations were similar among sites in each seasonal period but Aluminium (Al) presented the highest concentrations among all analyzed metals both in sediment and water considering all sampling points and all seasonal periods. In the dissolved fraction, Al had values above those established by the local environmental agency, especially during the rainy season. In the biotic compartment, both fish and shrimps showed higher concentrations of metals (Al and Ba) in the rainy season compared to the other seasons. Shrimp was more responsive to metal accumulation than fish, showing an adaptive response of biomarkers. Fish showed an increase of LPO in gills for individuals from the point of greater anthropogenic interference during the rainy season, but no differences in metal accumulation. We conclude that there is a seasonal pattern of metals concentration in different environmental compartments. Metal concentration in organisms and biomarkers responses, showed the effect of anthropogenic influences, which was not evident in results from chemical analyses alone, due to the intensive hydrodynamics in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Carolina Miranda Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia and Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Alana Rodrigues Nauar
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia and Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Johnata Azevedo Ferreira
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia and Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Caroline da Silva Montes
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur, 1457, Concepción, Chile
| | - Franciele Rovasi Adolfo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Moraes Reis
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Lapinsky
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia and Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará - UFPA, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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14
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da Silva Montes C, Fernandes da Paixão L, Nunes B, Pimentel Nunes ZM, Pantoja Ferreira MA, Martins da Rocha R. Investigating spatial-temporal contamination for two environments of the Amazon estuary: A multivariate approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 185:105883. [PMID: 36709654 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An assessment of environmental quality in Amazonian estuaries utilizing histological and immunohistochemical biomarkers concomitantly with analyses of trace metals in the tissues of Sciades herzbergii, also considering physical chemical analyzes of the water. 352 animals were captured from two sites and during two periods (dry and rainy). Site 1: São Marcos Bay - heavy anthropic influence and Site 2: Caeté estuary-preserved estuary. In the laboratory, the fish were weighed (g) and measured (cm). Fragments of gills and liver were analyzed using histology and immunohistochemistry (Caspase 3). The specimens from Site 1 presented a low-value condition factor, with the highest concentrations of Al, Cd, and Hg appearing in the muscle, and most severe damages to gills and liver. In contrast, individuals from Site 2 presented a high-value condition factor and showed low metal concentrations in the muscle with only slight tissue lesions. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that seasonal changes affect metal modulation and pathologies in fish at Site 1. The sentinel species chosen in this study is considered a strong bioindicator of pollution and the combination of different biomarkers was efficient in providing a clear view of the signs of exposure to pollutants, and the risks posed to fish health by the presence of metals in the environment, especially in Site 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline da Silva Montes
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Science and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Leonardo Fernandes da Paixão
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Zélia Maria Pimentel Nunes
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro S/n Aldeia, Bragança, PA, 68600-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Rossineide Martins da Rocha
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
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15
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Villamarín C, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Carvajal-Rebolledo C, Ríos-Touma B. Effects of Pesticides on the Survival of Shredder Nectopsyche sp. (Trichoptera) and Leaf Decomposition Rates in Tropical Andes: A Microcosm Approach. TOXICS 2022; 10:720. [PMID: 36548553 PMCID: PMC9781452 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Andean streams are becoming increasingly impacted by agricultural activities. However, the potential effects of pesticides on their aquatic biodiversity remain unassessed. In order to address this knowledge gap, we conducted an experiment over 37 days in microcosms to assess the effect of two pesticides commonly used in Ecuador (Engeo and Chlorpyrifos) on the aquatic insect Nectopsyche sp. (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) at 0, 0.10, 5 and 10 μg L-1 concentrations. The highest concentration corresponds to the maximum concentration allowed by the Equatorian legislation. We assessed insect mortality every 24 h, with leaf litter decomposition rates of organic matter determined by deploying Andean alder (Alnus acuminata) dry leaf packs in the microcosms. We found significant mortality of Nectopsyche sp. at high concentrations of Chlorpyrifos, whereas leaf litter was not significantly affected by any of the treatments. We conclude that the environmental legislation of Ecuador might not be fully protecting aquatic biodiversity from pesticide pollution. Further studies are needed, especially when considering that the maximum permitted concentration is very likely exceeded in many areas of the country. We also suggest that the maximum permissible values should be reviewed, considering each pesticide individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Villamarín
- Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
- Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08016 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constanza Carvajal-Rebolledo
- Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Blanca Ríos-Touma
- Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
- Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
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16
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Maceda-Veiga A, Nally RM, de Sostoa A, Yen JDL. Patterns of species richness, abundance and individual-size distributions in native stream-fish assemblages invaded by exotic and translocated fishes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155953. [PMID: 35588834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the impacts of species introductions long has attracted the attention of ecologists yet there still is limited insight into how impacts on native assemblages vary with the degree of shared evolutionary context. Here, we used data from 535 stream-fish surveys from 15 catchments in north-eastern Spain (99,700 km2) to explore whether the relative effects on native fishes differ between fish introductions from two different ecoregions (i.e., evolutionary contexts), namely, catchments within Iberian Peninsula (i.e., 'translocated species') and catchments beyond Iberian Peninsula (i.e., 'exotic fishes'). We used hierarchical Bayesian models to relate taxon richness, abundance, and the individual-size distributions (ISDs) of native fishes to the presence, abundance, and weighted trophic level (TL) of translocated and exotic fishes, conditional on geographic and habitat covariates. Environmental covariates dominated the percentage of explained variance (≥ 65%) for all responses. Translocated fishes accounted for more of the explained variance than did exotic fishes for ISDs and abundance, but not for native fish species richness. The presence of translocated fishes was associated with lower abundance and richness of native fishes, with individuals being smaller in the presence of translocated fishes of higher TL. The presence of exotic fishes was associated with a greater abundance and richness of native fishes, with individuals generally being larger in the presence of exotic fishes. Our study suggests that translocated fishes could be as problematic as exotic fishes when angling and water transfers among catchments to deal with climate change may increase the establishment of translocated fishes. We also discuss the difficulties of using fish body size as species-blind, transferable assemblage-level trait in fish monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Integrative Zoology Lab, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio), Avda. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Integrative Zoology Lab, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio), Avda. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jian D L Yen
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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17
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Swart E, Martell E, Svendsen C, Spurgeon DJ. Soil Ecotoxicology Needs Robust Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis Approach to Test the Robustness of Gene Expression-Based Biomarkers for Measuring Chemical Exposure Effects in Soil Invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:2124-2138. [PMID: 35698918 PMCID: PMC9543370 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression-based biomarkers are regularly proposed as rapid, sensitive, and mechanistically informative tools to identify whether soil invertebrates experience adverse effects due to chemical exposure. However, before biomarkers could be deployed within diagnostic studies, systematic evidence of the robustness of such biomarkers to detect effects is needed. In our study, we present an approach for conducting a meta-analysis of the robustness of gene expression-based biomarkers in soil invertebrates. The approach was developed and trialed for two measurements of gene expression commonly proposed as biomarkers in soil ecotoxicology: earthworm metallothionein (MT) gene expression for metals and earthworm heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression for organic chemicals. We collected 294 unique gene expression data points from the literature and used linear mixed-effect models to assess concentration, exposure duration, and species effects on the quantified response. The meta-analysis showed that the expression of earthworm MT was strongly metal concentration dependent, stable over time and species independent. The metal concentration-dependent response was strongest for cadmium, indicating that this gene is a suitable biomarker for this metal. For copper, no clear concentration-dependent response of MT gene expression in earthworms was found, indicating MT is not a reliable biomarker for this metal. For HSP70, overall marginal up-regulation and lack of a concentration-dependent response indicated that this gene is not suitable as a biomarker for organic pollutant effects in earthworms. The present study demonstrates how meta-analysis can be used to assess the status of biomarkers. We encourage colleagues to apply this open-access approach to other biomarkers, as such quantitative assessment is a prerequisite to ensuring that the suitability and limitations of proposed biomarkers are known and stated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2124-2138. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Swart
- UK Centre for Ecology and HydrologyWallingfordUK
| | - Ellie Martell
- United Kingdom Department for EnvironmentFood & Rural AffairsLondonUK
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18
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Cano-Rocabayera O, Monroy M, Moncaleano-Niño ÁM, Gómez-Cubillos MC, Ahrens MJ. An integrated biomarker approach: Non-monotonic responses to cadmium exposure in the suckermouth catfish Hypostomus plecostomus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 248:106193. [PMID: 35588581 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental risk assessment in aquatic ecosystems typically uses biomarkers to detect interactions between potential hazards and biological systems. Next to knowing environmental contaminant levels in tissues and the environment, it is important to link to potentially deleterious effects at higher levels of biological organization such as biochemistry, physiology, and overall health status. In this laboratory study we assessed the toxicity of waterborne cadmium (Cd) over an exposure range of 0 - 100 µg l-1 for nine days to the loricariid suckermouth catfish Hypostomus plecostomus. We evaluated the integrated response of the fish at the biochemical to physiological level by means of a suite of tissue biomarkers of exposure and effects, including Cd concentrations in gills, liver metallothioneins (MT) and cholinesterase activity (ChE) in brain, before and after the inhibition of the alkaloid eserine, as well as whole-fish resting oxygen consumption rates and ingestion rate. Tissue biomarkers (MT and ChE) showed a non-monotonic relationship, with maximum/minimum responses at intermediate doses. i.e. 10 and 50 µg l-1, whereas biomarker responses of fish exposed at 100 µg l-1 more closely resembled biomarker responses seen at lower concentrations (< 10 µg l-1). Conversely, the oxygen consumption rate peaked at 100 µg l-1, suggesting a higher metabolic cost for higher metal exposure, with no significant correlation with fish body condition and food intake. Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) values peaked at the intermediate exposure concentration of 50 µg l-1 Cd. The non-monotonic dose-response of the biochemical biomarkers of exposure, together with the higher metabolic rates of fish exposed to 50 - 100 µg l-1 of Cd and the non-significant effects on the more relevant physiological and histological variables suggests that H. plecostomus is capable of biochemically and physiologically regulating moderately high Cd concentrations, thus representing a suitable indicator organism to monitor metal pollution by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Cano-Rocabayera
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Mario Monroy
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia
| | - Ángela Margarita Moncaleano-Niño
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia; Department of Biology, Ichthyology Laboratory, Ecology and Systematics Unit (UNESIS), Pontifical Javeriana University, Transversal 4 No. 42-00, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Camila Gómez-Cubillos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Michael J Ahrens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
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19
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Moreira RG, Gomes ADO, Tolussi CE, Branco GS, Pinheiro JPS, Zampieri RA, Lo Nostro FL. Neurotoxic, biotransformation, oxidative stress and genotoxic effects in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characiformes) males exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of diclofenac and/or caffeine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 91:103821. [PMID: 35093559 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated neurotoxic, biotransformation, genotoxic and antioxidant responses to relevant environmental concentrations of diclofenac (0.4 μg L-1) and caffeine (27.5 μg L-1), separate and combined, in adult males of the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae after a subchronic exposure (14 days). Fish exposed to diclofenac and caffeine, both separate and combined, revealed a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the muscle, while diclofenac alone and in combination caused cyclooxygenase inhibition. Caffeine alone produces genotoxicity on this species but, when combined with diclofenac, it potentiates hepatic lipoperoxidation and the inhibition of oxidative stress enzymes, while diclofenac alone or in combination produces a general inhibition of important enzymes. This study suggests that aquatic contamination produced by these pharmaceuticals has the potential to affect homeostasis and locomotion in A. altiparanae and compromise their immune system and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Dal Olio Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Souza Branco
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Andrade Zampieri
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática and IBBEA, CONICET-UBA. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Dalu T, Cuthbert RN, Weyl OLF, Wasserman RJ. Community structure and environmental factors affecting diatom abundance and diversity in a Mediterranean climate river system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152366. [PMID: 34915010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean climate river systems are among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide, due to a long history of anthropogenic impacts and alien invasive species introductions. Many of such rivers naturally exhibit a non-perennial flow regime, with distinct seasonal, inter-annual and spatial heterogeneity. The present study seeks to detect diatom community patterns and to understand the processes that cause these structures in an Austral Mediterranean river system among different months and river sections. In general, most environmental variables showed an increasing trend downstream for both months, with the exception of pH, dissolved oxygen, PO₄3- and substrate embeddedness, which decreased downstream. A total of 110 diatom species between the two study months (October - 106 taxa; January - 78 taxa) were identified, dominated by 30 species with at least >2% abundance. Diatom community structure differed significantly across river zones, while no significant differences were observed between the study months. A boosted regression trees model showed that B (43.3%), Cu (20.8%), Fe (3.4%) and water depth (3.2%) were the most significant variables structuring diatoms. Diatom species communities reflected environmental variables (i.e., sediment and water chemistry) in this Mediterranean climate river system, as sediment metals such as B, Cu and Fe were found to be important in structuring diatom communities. Biotic influences from fish communities had little effect on diversity, but shifted diatom community structure. Therefore, the current study highlights how river systems have complex interactions that play an important role in determining diatom species composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatenda Dalu
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin - Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin 14193, Germany; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
| | - Olaf L F Weyl
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Ryan J Wasserman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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21
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Redondo-López S, León AC, Jiménez K, Solano K, Blanco-Peña K, Mena F. Transient exposure to sublethal concentrations of a pesticide mixture (chlorpyrifos-difenoconazole) caused different responses in fish species from different trophic levels of the same community. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 251:109208. [PMID: 34626844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of early effects caused in biota by sublethal exposure to pesticide mixtures should enhance the realism in the ecological risk assessment for agricultural landscapes. This study aimed to evaluate sub-individual responses in fish, which can be linked with outcomes at higher levels of biological organization and affect their trophic relationships. A multilevel biomarker approach was applied to assess the effects of a 48 h exposure of two freshwater mesoamerican fish species (Parachromis dovii and Poecilia gillii) to a mixture of sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos (5 μg/L) and difenoconazole (325 μg/L). Transcriptomic induction of cyp1A and the activities of 7-ethoxy-resorufin-O-distillase (EROD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were measured as biotransformation-related biomarkers; cholinesterase activity (ChE) was assessed as a neurotoxicity biomarker; resting metabolic rate (RMR) was measured as a physiological biomarker; and the movement of fish in a dark-light environment as a behavior biomarker. The exposure to the mixture had evident effects on P. gillii, with significant induction of cyp1A transcription, increased EROD activity, ChE inhibition in muscle, and increased permanence in the light side of the dark-light environment. Meanwhile, P. dovii only showed significant induction of cyp1A, without evidence of neurotoxicity or changes in behavior. This study demonstrates that the severity of the effects caused by the exposure to a mixture of pesticides can differ among species from the same trophic chain. The potential impairment of predator-prey relationships is a relevant effect that pesticide pollution can cause and it should be considered for the risk assessment of such contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Redondo-López
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Costa Rica.
| | - Ana C León
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
| | - Katherine Jiménez
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Costa Rica
| | - Karla Solano
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Costa Rica
| | - Kinndle Blanco-Peña
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Costa Rica
| | - Freylan Mena
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Costa Rica.
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22
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Choi JS, Shin SR, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim Y, Lee JS. Gonadal Abnormality and Intersexuality of Oplegnathus fasciatus (Teleostei: Oplegnathidae) Collected from the Southern Coast of Korea: A Case Report. Dev Reprod 2021; 25:123-131. [PMID: 34950816 PMCID: PMC8670776 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2021.25.3.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on the gonadal structure abnormality and intersexuality found from a
survey regarding the reproductive potential of the rock bream,
Oplegnathus fasciatus, along the southern coast of Korea.
In total, 448 samples were collected for histological analysis (total length
27.5±6.8 cm; total weight 522.9±385.6 g). The sex ratio (F:M) was
1:0.46 (n=307:141), with 68.5% being females. The frequency of oocyte atresia
and ovarian neoplasm in the females was 85.3% and 21.5%, respectively, and the
frequency of testicular lobule and cyst deformation and testicular neoplasm in
the males was 73.1% and 37.6%, respectively. The scale formation in the ovary
and testis was approximately 2.0% for both sexes. The intersexuality was 42.2%,
with the intersexuality among females being 49.5%, which was significantly
higher than that of males (26.2%). Such findings indicate a negative impact on
the reproductive output of the rock bream along the southern coast of Korea;
however, a more detailed study is required to ascertain accurate causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sung Choi
- Dept. of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
| | - So Ryung Shin
- Dept. of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Kim
- Dept. of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Fisheries Seed and Breeding Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haenam 59002, Korea
| | - Yeonghye Kim
- Fisheries Resources Management Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
| | - Jung Sick Lee
- Dept. of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
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23
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Schuijt LM, Peng FJ, van den Berg SJP, Dingemans MML, Van den Brink PJ. (Eco)toxicological tests for assessing impacts of chemical stress to aquatic ecosystems: Facts, challenges, and future. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148776. [PMID: 34328937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of chemicals in the aquatic environment by chemical analysis alone cannot completely assess and predict the effects of chemicals on aquatic species and ecosystems. This is primarily because of the increasing number of (unknown) chemical stressors and mixture effects present in the environment. In addition, the ability of ecological indices to identify underlying stressors causing negative ecological effects is limited. Therefore, additional complementary methods are needed that can address the biological effects in a direct manner and provide a link to chemical exposure, i.e. (eco)toxicological tests. (Eco)toxicological tests are defined as test systems that expose biological components (cells, individuals, populations, communities) to (environmental mixtures of) chemicals to register biological effects. These tests measure responses at the sub-organismal (biomarkers and in vitro bioassays), whole-organismal, population, or community level. We performed a literature search to obtain a state-of-the-art overview of ecotoxicological tests available for assessing impacts of chemicals to aquatic biota and to reveal datagaps. In total, we included 509 biomarkers, 207 in vitro bioassays, 422 tests measuring biological effects at the whole-organismal level, and 78 tests at the population- community- and ecosystem-level. Tests at the whole-organismal level and biomarkers were most abundant for invertebrates and fish, whilst in vitro bioassays are mostly based on mammalian cell lines. Tests at the community- and ecosystem-level were almost missing for organisms other than microorganisms and algae. In addition, we provide an overview of the various extrapolation challenges faced in using data from these tests and suggest some forward looking perspectives. Although extrapolating the measured responses to relevant protection goals remains challenging, the combination of ecotoxicological experiments and models is key for a more comprehensive assessment of the effects of chemical stressors to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Schuijt
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Feng-Jiao Peng
- Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sanne J P van den Berg
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milou M L Dingemans
- KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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24
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Aguilar L, Lara-Flores M, Rendón-von Osten J, Kurczyn JA, Vilela B, da Cruz AL. Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on biomarker responses in Gambusia yucatana, an endemic fish from Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47262-47274. [PMID: 33891236 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are petroleum components that, when dissolved in the aquatic environment, can disrupt normal animal physiological functions and negatively affect species populations. Gambusia yucatana is an endemic fish of the Yucatán Peninsula that seems to be particularly sensitive to the presence of PAHs dissolved in the water. Here, we examined PAH effects on gene expressions linked to endocrine disruption and biotransformation in this species. Specifically, we examined the expression of vitellogenin I (vtg1), vitellogenin II (vtg2), oestrogen receptor α (esr1), oestrogen receptor β (esr2), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) genes. We exposed G. yucatana to different concentrations of PAHs (3.89, 9.27, 19.51 μg/L) over a period of 72 h and found changes associated with reproduction, such as increases in hepatic expression of vtg, esr, AhR and CYP3A, mainly at concentrations of 9.27 and 19.51 μg/L. Our results also indicate that benzo[a]pyrene was probably the main PAH responsible for the observed effects. The genes examined here can be used as molecular markers of endocrine-disrupting compounds, as the PAHs, present in the environment, as gene expression increases could be observed as early as after 24 h. These biomarkers can help researchers and conservationists rapidly identify the impacts of oil spills and improve mitigation before the detrimental effects of environmental stressors become irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Aguilar
- Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo 147, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Maurílio Lara-Flores
- Institute of Ecology, Fisheries and Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Autonomous University of Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, C.P. 24029, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Institute of Ecology, Fisheries and Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Autonomous University of Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, C.P. 24029, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Kurczyn
- Institute of Engineering, Coastal Engineering and Processes Laboratory, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Puerto de Abrigo s/n, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Bruno Vilela
- Institute of Biology, Spatial Ecology Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo 147, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - André Luis da Cruz
- Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo 147, Salvador, Bahia, CEP 40.170-115, Brazil.
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25
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Jiménez K, Solano K, Scholz C, Redondo-López S, Mena F. Early Toxic Effects in a Central American Native Fish (Parachromis dovii) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos and Difenoconazole. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:1940-1949. [PMID: 33749893 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In Costa Rica, agriculture is one of the most important economic activities. Chlorpyrifos and difenoconazole have been identified as agrochemicals widely used in banana and pineapple crops in the Caribbean area of the country and are constantly recorded in aquatic ecosystems. The toxicity of these pesticides in Parachromis dovii was studied. Median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for each substance were obtained from 96-h acute tests. Then, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of both substances (10% of LC50), individually and in mixture, to evaluate biomarker responses. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activities as well as lipid peroxidation were measured in liver and gill tissues as markers of biotransformation and oxidative stress processes. Cholinesterase activity in brain and muscle tissue was also quantified as a biomarker of toxicity. The LC50s were 55.34 μg/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 51.06-59.98) for chlorpyrifos and 3250 μg/L (95% CI 2770-3810) for difenoconazole. Regarding the biomarkers, a significant inhibition of brain and muscle cholinesterase activity was recorded in fish exposed to 5.50 μg/L of chlorpyrifos. This activity was not affected when fish were exposed to the mixture of chlorpyrifos with difenoconazole. Significant changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity were observed in fish exposed to 325 μg/L of difenoconazole, whereas fish exposed to the mixture showed a significant increase in EROD activity in the liver. These results suggest harmful effects of chlorpyrifos insecticide at environmentally relevant concentrations. There is also evidence for an interaction of the 2 substances that affects the biotransformation metabolism at sublethal levels of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1940-1949. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Jiménez
- Master's Program in Tropical Ecotoxicology, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances/Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Karla Solano
- Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Carola Scholz
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | | | - Freylan Mena
- Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
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26
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Quiroz-Jara M, Casini S, Fossi MC, Orrego R, Gavilán JF, Barra R. Integrated Physiological Biomarkers Responses in Wild Fish Exposed to the Anthropogenic Gradient in the Biobío River, South-Central Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 67:1145-1157. [PMID: 33811498 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the physiological state of the wild fish inhabiting the Biobío River in South-Central Chile, susceptible to the chemical contamination from different sources, biochemical and physiological biomarkers were applied to wild fish Percilia irwini and Trichomycterus areolatus in situ. Fish caught in the Biobío river in low, medium, and high anthropic impacts areas, with different pollution degrees along the river. Ethoxyresorufin O-O deethylase (EROD) activity was evaluated in fish liver. Length, weight, Gonad weight and Liver weight, Physiological Index, and gill and liver histopathology were conducted. Physicochemical parameters (pH, Temperature, Conductivity, and TDS) were measured at each sampling site. The results indicated a deteriorating condition in the biological parameters of both species in a high anthropic zone. Fishes show an increase in physiological indices and EROD liver activity, agreeing with previous studies supporting evidence of reproductive change development as we move downstream the river. Also, an increase in histopathological lesions towards the lower third stretch of the Biobío River. The Integrated Index of Physiological Biomarkers (IPBR) indicated that sites located in the high impact area (P. irwini: BC: 4.09; RC: 3.38; PC: 3.50; SJ: 2.34 and T. areolatus BC: 6.06, PC: 5.37; SJ: 5.42) have the most detrimental environmental quality, compared to reference area. The integrated biomarker analysis demonstrates that the alterations observed are related to the high anthropic activity levels downstream from the sites with the least intervention, demonstrating that the IPBR used is a complementary tool for studies of the Environmental Effects Monitoring approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Quiroz-Jara
- Department of Aquatic Systems, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA-Chile Centre, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università di Siena, via Pier Andrea Mattioli, 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università di Siena, via Pier Andrea Mattioli, 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Orrego
- Natural Science Institute Alexander von Humboldt, Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, University of Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Juan F Gavilán
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ricardo Barra
- Department of Aquatic Systems, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA-Chile Centre, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
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27
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Attademo AM, Lajmanovich RC, Peltzer PM, Boccioni APC, Martinuzzi C, Simonielo F, Repetti MR. Effects of the emulsifiable herbicide Dicamba on amphibian tadpoles: an underestimated toxicity risk? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:31962-31974. [PMID: 33619621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exposure to the herbicide Dicamba (DIC) on tadpoles of two amphibian species, Scinax nasicus and Elachistocleis bicolor, were assessed. Mortality and biochemical sublethal effects were evaluated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and thyroid hormone (T4) levels. The LC50 value at 48h was 0.859 mg L-1 for S. nasicus and 0.221 mg L-1 for E. bicolor tadpoles. After exposure to sublethal DIC concentrations for 48 h, GST activity increased in S. nasicus but significantly decreased in E. bicolor with respect to controls. GR activity decreased only in S. nasicus at all the tested DIC concentrations. AChE activity was significantly inhibited in both S. nasicus and E. bicolor tadpoles at 48 h. DIC also caused significant changes in transamination, as evidenced by an increase in AST and ALT activities in both amphibian species. T4 levels were higher in DIC-treated tadpoles of both species than in controls. The DIC-induced biochemical alterations in glutathione system enzymes and transaminases indicate lesions in liver tissues and cellular function. Moreover, the observed AChE inhibition could lead to the accumulation of acetylcholine, excessively stimulating postsynaptic receptors, and the increase in T4 levels in both species may indicate an overactive thyroid. The commercial DIC formulation showed a high biotoxicity in the two amphibian native species after short-term exposure, controversially differing from the toxicity level indicated in the official fact sheet data. This fact highlights the need for an urgent re-categorization and reevaluation of DIC toxicity in native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Maximiliano Attademo
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Rafael Carlos Lajmanovich
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Paola Mariela Peltzer
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Cuzziol Boccioni
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Candela Martinuzzi
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Simonielo
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Rosa Repetti
- PRINARC. Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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28
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Santos RMB, Monteiro SM, Cortes RMV, Pacheco FAL, Fernandes LFS. Seasonal effect of land use management on gill histopathology of Barbel and Douro Nase in a Portuguese watershed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142869. [PMID: 33129522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Vilariça River (located in the northeast of Portugal) is inserted in an agricultural basin and it was chosen to replace the spawning grounds for fish, that was lost due to the construction of dams in the Sabor River. Thus, it is essential to study the effect of agricultural practices on water quality and in the health status of fish. The barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei) and Douro nase (Pseudochondrostoma duriense) were the selected species and the work was developed in two seasons (Summer 2016 and Winter 2017). For that, the histopathological changes of fish gill were used as biomarkers, through a semi-quantitative approach that considers the injuries severity. And the water quality assessment criteria followed the methodologies proposed for classifying the status of surface water bodies from Portugal. The current study showed severe histopathological changes in both species and both seasons, and the water was classified as polluted and extremely polluted in Summer and Winter respectively. The pollution in Summer was due to high temperatures, low dissolved oxygen and major concentration of As and Mn, and in Winter is due to the high concentration of Total Suspended Solids, nitrites and Cd. The increase of values of physico-chemical parameters on the water was caused by the less streamflow and excessive agricultural fertilization in Summer which arrive the river by irrigation, and by the erosion of soil particles with heavy metals associated in Winter. Also, the canonical analysis showed that physico-chemical parameters concentrations in Summer justify the major prevalence of aneurism in barbel and exudate in nase and Winter the major prevalence of hypertrophy in barbel. In conclusion, the study showed that the gill injuries of barbel and Douro nase was correlated with the water quality and it is influenced by seasonal agricultural practices and the flow regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M B Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Chemistry Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - S M Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - R M V Cortes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - F A L Pacheco
- Chemistry Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - L F Sanches Fernandes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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29
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Solé M, Lacorte S, Vinyoles D. Biochemical aspects of susceptibility to stressors in two small cyprinids Squalius laietanus and Barbus meridionalis from the NW Mediterranean. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 242:108940. [PMID: 33171299 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Specimens of two endemic cyprinids, Squalius laietanus (Catalan chub) and Barbus meridionalis (Mediterranean barbel), were sampled from a reference site in a small stream of the Ripoll River (NW Mediterranean) outside of their reproductive season. Biomarkers involved in xenobiotic-mediated responses were individually contrasted in fish of both species and 17 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) analysed in muscle to reveal bioaccumulation trends. The parameters were in muscle: cholinesterases, metabolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and citrate synthase (CS); and in liver: cytochrome P450 dependent activities (EROD and BFCOD), carboxylesterase (CE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT). All markers are considered adaptive defence mechanism to face stress. Sensitivity to a model pesticide: dichlorvos was also contrasted in vitro in muscular acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and hepatic CE to reveal species sensitivity to neurotoxic chemicals. Enzymatic activities related to protective mechanisms such as butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), CE and CAT were higher in chub whereas the antioxidant defences GR and GPX were higher in barbel. Aerobic CS was also higher in barbel while anaerobic LDH was so in chub. EROD activity did not differ between the two species but BFCOD activity was higher in barbel. Levels of PFAS were higher in barbel likely due to its benthic habitat. The in vitro tests revealed higher sensitivity to dichlorvos of muscular AChE in chub (lower IC50) which was probably compensated by a higher catalytic efficiency of CE. All these former biochemical particularities are discussed in terms of fish ecological performance in front of anthropogenic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Solé
- Institute of Marine Sciences, ICM-CSIC, Passeig marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Lacorte
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Vinyoles
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (Vertebrats), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal, 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Borges ACP, Piassão JFG, Albani SM, Albertoni EF, Martins MC, Cansian RL, Valduga AT, Hepp LU, Mielniczki-Pereira AA. Multiple metals and agricultural use affects oxidative stress biomarkers in freshwater Aegla crabs. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e230147. [PMID: 33729329 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.230147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals and agrochemicals are among the main aquatic contaminants, being able to trigger oxidative stress in exposed organisms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the correlation between the level of oxidative stress biomarkers in Aegla crabs (Crustacea, Anomura) with (i) the set of metals present in the streams sediment and (ii) with land uses of three hydrographic basins. The study was carried out in streams (≤ 2nd order) of hydrographic basins in southern Brazil (Basins of Rio Suzana, Rio Ligeirinho-Leãozinho and Rio Dourado). In these streams were quantified the land uses and Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations in the sediment. The enzymes Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Reductase (GR), as well as the level of membrane lipid peroxidation (TBARS), were analyzed in adult females. The PCA analysis showed that the distribution of metals was different between the basins. Cd, Cr and Fe were correlated positively with CAT and negatively with TBARS and GR. The Dourado basin had the lowest concentrations of these three metals and the highest levels of TBARS. However, in Dourado basin there is predominance of agriculture land use, and TBARS was positively correlated with agricultural land use. Besides in Dourado basin, GR activity was higher than in the others basins, indicating a compensatory response in relation to CAT inhibition. The basins of Suzana and Ligeirinho-Leãozinho rivers had lower TBARS values, which may be due to the induction of CAT in response to metals accumulated in sediment. In summary, this work indicates that in the basins with a higher concentration of toxic metals there is an adaptive response of CAT induction, which reduces TBARS in Aegla. On the other hand, in the basin with lower metallic contamination, TBARS occurrence was primarily influenced by agricultural land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C P Borges
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - J F G Piassão
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - S M Albani
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - E F Albertoni
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - M C Martins
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - R L Cansian
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - A T Valduga
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - L U Hepp
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - A A Mielniczki-Pereira
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brasil
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Bahl MF, Brodeur JC, Costa CS, D'Andrea MF, Sansiñena JA, Marino DJ, Natale GS. Lethal and sublethal effects of the natural and healthy spinosad-based formulation Tracer™ on tadpoles of two neotropical species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:13524-13535. [PMID: 33185796 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the first acute toxicity data of the natural insecticide spinosad in amphibians. The sensitivity of two neotropical sympatric anuran species, Boana pulchella and Rhinella arenarum, to spinosad-based formulation Tracer™ was evaluated. Lethal effects are reported in tadpoles of B. pulchella stage 25 between 2.81 and 35.44 mg spinosad/L, while for the same concentration range no lethal effects were detected in tadpoles of R. arenarum of the same stage. In addition, Tracer™ produced sublethal effects at the individual level on the swimming activity, morphology (growth and presence of abnormalities), and development of B. pulchella from 2.81 to 5.78 mg spinosad/L, while in R. arenarum effects were only detected in the swimming activity and growth from 2.78 and 6.22 mg/L, respectively. At the biochemical level, Tracer™ produced inhibition of different enzymatic activities, among them, catalase activity at 2.81 mg spinosad/L, glutathione S- transferase activity from 2.81 to 2.98 mg spinosad/L, and acetylcholinesterase activity at 2.81 mg spinosad/L. These findings allow us to conclude that B. pulchella is more sensitive than R. arenarum to spinosad-based formulation Tracer™. The effects demonstrated here are not consistent with those expected since spinosad is supposed to be an environmental healthy alternative. This paper provides useful and necessary information to implement regulations on the use of new compounds entering the market and its associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florencia Bahl
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julie Céline Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Salgado Costa
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Florencia D'Andrea
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jesica Alejandra Sansiñena
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damián José Marino
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Sebastián Natale
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Members of the "Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas" (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Lo Nostro FL, Dal'Olio Gomes A, Tolussi CE, Branco GS, Pinheiro JPS, Godoi FGAD, Moreira RG. Diclofenac and caffeine inhibit hepatic antioxidant enzymes in the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characiformes). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108910. [PMID: 33045363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic ecosystems are low, they can cause toxic effects on organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and caffeine (CAF), a central nervous system stimulant, both alone or combined, in Astyanax altiparanae males under acute exposure (96 h), measuring neurotoxicity biomarkers, antioxidant response and damage at biochemical and cellular levels. DCF concentration in water, separated and combined, was 3.08 mg L-1 and that of CAF was 9.59 mg L-1. To assess neurotoxicity, brain and muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were measured. To evaluate oxidative stress, the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as lipoperoxidation (LPO), were analyzed in liver and gills. Activity of hepatic cyclooxygenase (COX) was also evaluated. Genotoxicity was assessed in blood using comet assay and micronucleus test, as well as nuclear abnormalities. DCF and CAF, alone or combined, had neither effect on AChE activity, nor in the activity of SOD, CAT, GPx and GST in gills. In liver, DCF inhibited SOD and GPx activity, CAF inhibited CAT activity, the mixture inhibited SOD and GST activity; although only fish exposed to CAF showed increased hepatic LPO. Under these experimental conditions, no effect on COX activity was observed, nor cytotoxic and genotoxic damage. The most pronounced effects were caused by the drugs separately, since both compounds altered the enzymes, but only CAF triggered LPO, showing more harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática y IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aline Dal'Olio Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Souza Branco
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Silva Pinheiro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Guilherme Andrade de Godoi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
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Baudou FG, Eissa BL, Ossana NA, Mastrángelo MM, Ferro JP, Campos LB, Ferrari L. First baseline for bioenergetic biomarkers in Cnesterodon decemmaculatus as test organism in ecotoxicological studies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111639. [PMID: 33396159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cnesterodon decemmaculatus is a Neotropical teleost fish frequently used in ecotoxicological evaluations, whose biology has been thoroughly studied. Although there is considerable information on its response to different toxicants, no range of reference values has been so far established for the different biological parameters proposed as biomarkers of effect or exposure. Moreover, no study has yet examined the possible influence of the metabolic status of the exposed animals on their response to toxic stress. Therefore, the aim of this work was to provide a first baseline for a set of bioenergetic biomarkers in C. decemmaculatus adults exposed to a control medium under previously standardized conditions, and to assess their possible intrinsic seasonal variability. The responses of the biomarkers obtained from the controls were contrasted with those from the reference toxicant (Cadmio-Cd) and receiving waters (surface waters of the Reconquista River RR, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina). We conducted four 12-day assays (one in each season) of exposure to control media, (reconstituted moderate hard water, MHW) and two assays of exposure to Cd in MHW and surface river water (RR) in both summer and autumn. The variables recorded were: Food intake (In), fecal production (F), specific assimilation (A) and cumulative mortality, oxygen extraction efficiency (OEE), specific metabolic rate (SMR), ammonia excretion (N), ammonia quotient (AQ) and scope for growth (SFG). The seasonal variation shown by some physiological parameters, points to the need for establishing a baseline obtained from standardized media, preferably on a seasonal basis. Moreover, SFG and A appeared as the most sensitive biomarkers, emphasizing the importance to consider the metabolic status of the test organisms for the appropriate interpretation of results from ecotoxicological studies performed under controlled experimental conditions. The obtained results provide useful information on C. decemmaculatus as model species in ecotoxicological bioassays involving biomarkers of early effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico G Baudou
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
| | - Bettina L Eissa
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Natalia A Ossana
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Martina M Mastrángelo
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Juan P Ferro
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Liria B Campos
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada (PRODEA), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Lucrecia Ferrari
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján - CONICET, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
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D'Agostini F, La Maestra S. Micronuclei in Fish Erythrocytes as Genotoxic Biomarkers of Water Pollution: An Overview. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 258:195-240. [PMID: 34611757 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater and marine water bodies receive chemical contaminants from industrial, agricultural, urban, and domestic wastes. Eco-genotoxicity assays are useful tools to assess the cumulative genotoxicity of these pollutants. Fish are suitable indicators for biomonitoring of mutagenic and carcinogenic pollution.In this review, we present a complete overview of the studies performed so far using the micronucleus test in peripheral erythrocytes of fish exposed to polluted water. We have listed all the species of fish used and the geographical distribution of the investigations. We have analyzed and discussed all technical aspects of using this test in fish, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental protocols. We have reported the results of all studies. This assay has become, for years, one of the simplest, fastest, and most cost-effective for assessing genotoxic risk in aquatic environments. However, there are still several factors influencing the variability of the results. Therefore, we have given indications and suggestions to achieve a standardization of experimental procedures and ensure uniformity of future investigations.
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Madeira D, Madeira C, Costa PM, Vinagre C, Pörtner HO, Diniz MS. Different sensitivity to heatwaves across the life cycle of fish reflects phenotypic adaptation to environmental niche. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105192. [PMID: 33142110 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Predicting responses of marine organisms to global change requires eco-physiological assessments across the complex life cycles of species. Here, we experimentally tested the vulnerability of a demersal temperate fish (Sparus aurata) to long-lasting heatwaves, on larval, juvenile and adult life-stages. Fish were exposed to simulated coastal (18 °C), estuarine (24 °C) summer temperatures, and heatwave conditions (30 °C) and their physiological responses were assessed based on cellular stress response biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 kDa, ubiquitin, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation) and phenotypic measures (histopathology, condition and mortality). Life-stage vulnerability can be ranked as larvae > adults > juveniles, based on mortality, tissue pathology and the capacity to employ cellular stress responses, reflecting the different environmental niches of each life stage. While larvae lacked acclimation capacity, which resulted in damage to tissues and elevated mortality, juveniles coped well with elevated temperature. The rapid induction of cytoprotective proteins maintained the integrity of vital organs in juveniles, suggesting adaptive phenotypic plasticity in coastal and estuarine waters. Adults displayed lower plasticity to heatwaves as they transition to deeper habitats for maturation, showing tissue damage in brain, liver and muscle. Life cycle closure of sea breams in coastal habitats will therefore be determined by larval and adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Madeira
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; ECOMARE - Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Porto de Pesca Costeira, 3830-565 Gafanha da Nazaré, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Madeira
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal; UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Costa
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Hans-Otto Pörtner
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Mário S Diniz
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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Turan F, Eken M, Ozyilmaz G, Karan S, Uluca H. Heavy metal bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in African catfish Clarias gariepinus from Orontes river. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1522-1537. [PMID: 32710163 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the major problems affecting the ecosystem health is the exposure of heavy metals due to anthropogenic activities. These exposures may induce toxiogenetic damage and carcinogenesis in aquatic organism. DNA damage biomarkers for fish species detect genotoxic parameters for ecological risk assessment. In the present study, the effect of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn) on DNA damage and oxidative stress of Clarias gariepinus was examined by Comet assay at Reference site and two different sampling sites of the Orontes River. Moreover, the relationship between DNA damage and physiological response to oxidative stress caused in C. gariepinus was investigated by sampling seasonal water and fish samples for one year. In this study, Cr, Cd and Cu in water column of Orontes River and the concentrations of Fe and Mn in liver tissue of C. gariepinus were highly exceed the maximum permissible limit set by EPA (1999, 2016) WHO (1989) and TEG (2012) that can cause adverse effects on environment health. SOD activities in liver tissues were significantly higher than those in muscle tissues. SOD, CAT activity and MDA levels of both Site 1 and Site 2 at Orontes River were higher than those of the Reference site. In result of the COMET analysis, the highest levels of DNA damage were found at gill and liver tissues in Site 2 (17.746 ± 1.072% T-DNA; 16.014 ± 0.710% T-DNA respectively) at Orontes river. A higher level of DNA damage in gill cells compared to liver cells was observed in all regions of the Orontes River. In Principal component analysis (PCA), the heavy metals Cd, Cr and Cu (in the water column) and MDA in liver and muscle revealed strong contribution to the observed DNA damage that were scattered opposite to each other's along the principal components. Moreover, correlations between parameters revealed a positive significant relationship between Cd, Cr and Cu in water and DNA damage levels in C. gariepinus. Pearson correlation analysis detected a positive relationship between MDA, CAT and SOD and DNA damage levels in African catfish. Consequently, this study exposed genotoxic damage and oxidative stress of C. gariepinus due to metal pollution in Orontes River and lead to the better understanding of genotoxicty, oxidative stress and heavy metal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Turan
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box: 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Eken
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box: 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Gul Ozyilmaz
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, P.O. Box: 31060, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Serpil Karan
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box: 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Haluk Uluca
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, P.O. Box: 31060, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
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Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16593. [PMID: 33024143 PMCID: PMC7538597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was carried out on dominant fish Oreochromis niloticus and water collected from the polluted Yamuna River, Agra, India. The heavy metals in water, recorded as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd and all were found to be above the prescribed limits. According to metal pollution index, exposed muscle (49.86), kidney (47.68) and liver (45.26) have been recorded to have higher bioaccumulation. The blood biochemical analysis of exposed O. niloticus indicated significant increase in activities of aspartate aminotransferase (+ 343.5%), alkaline phosphatase (+ 673.6%), alanine aminotransferase (+ 309.1%), and creatinine (+ 494.3%) over the reference. However, a significant decrease in albumin (A): globulins (G) ratio (− 87.86%) was observed. Similarly, the exposed fish also showed significant increase in total leucocyte count (+ 121%), differential leucocyte count, respiratory burst (+ 1175%), and nitric oxide synthase (+ 420%). The histological examination of liver and kidney showed tissue injury. Moreover, micronuclei (0.95%), kidney shaped nuclei (1.2%), and lobed nuclei (0.6%) along with DNA damage in the form of mean tail length in the liver (20.7 µm) and kidney (16.5 µm) was observed in the exposed O. niloticus. Potential health risk assessments based on estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, hazard index, and target cancer risk indicated health risks associated with the consumption of these contaminated fishes. In conclusion, the present study showed that exposure to heavy metals contaminated water can alter immunological response; induce histopathological alterations and DNA damage in the studied fish. The consumption of this contaminated water or fish could have serious impact on human health.
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Turan F, Karan S, Ergenler A. Effect of heavy metals on toxicogenetic damage of European eels Anguilla anguilla. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38047-38055. [PMID: 32621191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to a variety of contaminants such as heavy metals introduced into the environment as a consequence of anthropogenic activities that usually cause genotoxic damage in aquatic organisms. DNA damage biomarkers for fish species detect genotoxic parameters for ecological risk assessment. In the present study, the effect of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, Co, and Mn) on DNA damage of Anguilla anguilla was examined by comet assay at reference site and three different sampling sites of the Orontes River. The relative mean heavy metal concentrations in water column were in the order of Fe>Cr>Pb>Zn>Ni>Cu>Mn>Cd>Co in all the sampling sites. Cr, Cd, and Pb concentrations at all sampling sites were above the values allowed by the EPA (1999, 2016). With these results, negative effects of Cr, Cd, and Pb appeared on ecosystem health. The comet assay showed a higher level of DNA damage in the gill cells in comparison with the liver cells of A. anguilla. The highest level of DNA damage as %T-DNA, tail moment, and tail migration in gill cells were 20.007 ± 1.744 %; 2.899 ± 0.341 μm, and 12.383 ± 01.040 TMi and 20.172 ± 1.944 %, 2.559 ± 0.265 μm, and 10.763 ± 0.910 TMi at Site 2 and Site 3, respectively. The correlations between heavy metals and DNA damage parameters revealed that both Cu and Co in water showed significant negative correlations (p < 0.05) with DNA damage levels. Consequently, this study revealed the genotoxic damage of A. anguilla due to pollution in Orontes River and lead to the better understanding of genotoxicity and heavy metal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Turan
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Serpil Karan
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Ergenler
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, P.O. Box 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
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da Silva Montes C, Pantoja Ferreira MA, Giarrizzo T, Amado LL, Rocha RM. Evaluation of metal contamination effects in piranhas through biomonitoring and multi biomarkers approach. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04666. [PMID: 32904315 PMCID: PMC7452536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present field study aimed to assess the water quality of the Itacaiúnas River, located at the eastern part of the Brazilian Amazon, using water's physicochemical parameters, ecological risk assessment in sediments, biomarkers and metal bioaccumulation in piranhas at two points: upstream (P1) and downstream (P2), and the type of season (Dry and Rainy). We revealed a significant difference between the points and the seasons. Concerning, the concentration of metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg) in sediment and water, we reported significant concentrations of Cd and Cu especially on P2 at dry season. The fish gills collected in P2 showed various types of damages (moderate and severe), furthermore, the Degree of Tissue Change (DTC) reported a significant difference between points, highlighting the dreadful condition in animals' health originated from this point. In terms of the biotransformation enzyme, the GST activity was higher in fishes from P2 in both seasons. The obtained results showed clear signs of stress in fish from the downstream point. Linear correlation analysis exhibited that the biomarkers' response could be linked to the detected metals bioaccumulation. This field investigation provides baseline data on pollution status in this region and the results showed that although the overall potential ecological risks of the metals were considered low at our sampling sites including cadmium, however, Cd posed a noteworthy monomial potential ecological risk factor. Strong evidence of correlation was obtained between Cd in the environment with the gills' damage in fishes from P2. The results also indicated that S. rhombeus could be useful for biomonitoring species for assessing metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline da Silva Montes
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology – Aquatic Resource Management, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Research Group in Aquatic Pollution Biomarkers in Amazonia – BioPAq, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rossineide Martins Rocha
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Aguilar L, Dzul-Caamal R, Rendón-von Osten J, da Cruz AL. Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons inGambusia yucatana, an Endemic Fish from Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1755322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Aguilar
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dzul-Caamal
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Ecology, Fisheries and Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico, Autonomus University of Campeche, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Ecology, Fisheries and Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico, Autonomus University of Campeche, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - André Luis da Cruz
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Cuvillier-Hot V, Lenoir A. Invertebrates facing environmental contamination by endocrine disruptors: Novel evidences and recent insights. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 504:110712. [PMID: 31962147 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The crisis of biodiversity we currently experience raises the question of the impact of anthropogenic chemicals on wild life health. Endocrine disruptors are notably incriminated because of their possible effects on development and reproduction, including at very low doses. As commonly recorded in the field, the burden they impose on wild species also concerns invertebrates, with possible specificities linked with the specific physiology of these animals. A better understanding of chemically-mediated endocrine disruption in these species has clearly gained from knowledge accumulated on vertebrate models. But the molecular pathways specific to invertebrates also need to be reckoned, which implies dedicated research efforts to decipher their basic functioning in order to be able to assess its possible disruption. The recent rising of omics technologies opens the way to an intensification of these efforts on both aspects, even in species almost uninvestigated so far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Lenoir
- IRBI, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Parc de Grandmont, Université de Tours, Tours, France
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Carbajal A, Soler P, Tallo-Parra O, Isasa M, Echevarria C, Lopez-Bejar M, Vinyoles D. Towards Non-Invasive Methods in Measuring Fish Welfare: The Measurement of Cortisol Concentrations in Fish Skin Mucus as a Biomarker of Habitat Quality. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110939. [PMID: 31717428 PMCID: PMC6912682 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortisol levels in fish skin mucus have shown to be good stress indicators in farm fish exposed to different stressors. Its applicability in free-ranging animals subject to long-term environmental stressors though remains to be explored. The present study was therefore designed to examine whether skin mucus cortisol levels from a wild freshwater fish (Catalan chub, Squalius laietanus) are affected by the habitat quality. Several well-established hematological parameters and cortisol concentrations were measured in blood and compared to variations in skin mucus cortisol values across three habitats with different pollution gradient. Fluctuations of cortisol in skin mucus varied across the streams of differing habitat quality, following a similar pattern of response to that detected by the assessment of cortisol levels in blood and the hematological parameters. Furthermore, there was a close relationship between cortisol concentrations in skin mucus and several of the erythrocytic alterations and the relative proportion of neutrophils to lymphocytes. Taken together, results of this study provide the first evidence that skin mucus cortisol levels could be influenced by habitat quality. Although results should be interpreted with caution, because a small sample size was collected in one studied habitat, the measurement of cortisol in skin mucus could be potentially used as a biomarker in freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaïs Carbajal
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Patricia Soler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Oriol Tallo-Parra
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marina Isasa
- Cetaqua, Centro tecnológico del agua, Cornellà de Llobregat, 08940 Barcelona, Spain; (M.I.); (C.E.)
| | - Carlos Echevarria
- Cetaqua, Centro tecnológico del agua, Cornellà de Llobregat, 08940 Barcelona, Spain; (M.I.); (C.E.)
| | - Manel Lopez-Bejar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Dolors Vinyoles
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.S.); (D.V.)
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Lončarević B, Lješević M, Marković M, Anđelković I, Gojgić-Cvijović G, Jakovljević D, Beškoski V. Microbial levan and pullulan as potential protective agents for reducing adverse effects of copper on Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:187-193. [PMID: 31195227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides, due to their unique physiochemical properties, have found application in the food industry, cosmetics, pharmacy and medicine. In the environment, microbes can use polysaccharides to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metals in their close proximity. This adaptive property shows interesting potential for bioremediation. Herein, the effects of the exopolysaccharides (EPS) levan, produced by the bacterium Bacillus licheniformis NS032 and pullulan, produced by the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans CH-1 in the presence of copper (Cu2+) have been investigated for the first time on antioxidant enzyme activity, respiration and Cu2+ bioaccumulation of Daphnia magna as well as the bioluminescence of Vibrio fischeri. Both EPS decreased toxicity of Cu2+ in the acute test with D. magna. The activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly diminished after acute exposure to Cu2+ in comparison to treatments with Cu2+ and EPS, while in the prolonged acute exposure the CAT activity did not show statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences between treatments with and without the EPS. According to ICP-MS results, during prolonged acute exposure of neonates, the bioaccumulation of Cu2+ in treatments without the EPS was 52.03 μg/g of biomass (wet), while in treatments with EPS, the bioaccumulation was lower by one order of magnitude. The respiration of neonates during acute exposure to Cu2+ with or without the EPS was monitored using the MicroOxymax respirometer, and the results show the EPS can positively effect the respiration. In the case of bacterial bioluminescence, the toxicity of Cu2+ decreased in treatments with EPS (30 min EC10) from 3.54 mg/L to 140.61 mg/L (levan) and 45.00 mg/L (pullulan). This study demonstrates protective effect of EPS against Cu2+ toxicity on D. magna and V. fischeri, and opens the door for further investigation of potential application of levan and pullulan in bioremediation of heavy metals and mitigation of their adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Lončarević
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Lješević
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Marković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Anđelković
- Innovation Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Gordana Gojgić-Cvijović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragica Jakovljević
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Beškoski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Selected Environmental Assessment Model and Spatial Analysis Method to Explain Correlations in Environmental and Socio-Economic Data with Possible Application for Explaining the State of the Ecosystem. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11174781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regional ecosystem health is the basis for regular regional exploration, ecological protection, and sustainable development. This study explored ecosystem health at the southern end of the Hu Line (Sichuan and Yunnan provinces) using the pressure–state–response model and examined the spatial evolution of ecosystem health. The proportion of unhealthy and morbid cities decreased from 45.9% in 2000 to 35.1% in 2016. The imbalance of ecosystem health among cities has gradually increased since 2006, but more high-quality cities have emerged (Z of Moran’s Index < 1.96, p > 0.05). Overall, the regional ecosystem on the southeast side of the Hu Line was healthier than that on the northwest side. Differences in ecosystem health on both sides of the Hu Line showed decreasing trends over time except for the pressure score. The spatial pattern of ecosystem health moved along the Hu Line because the pressure and state scores of ecosystems were mainly determined by the natural environmental conditions. Based on the county-level assessment, the grade of imbalance within cities was divided, and those that were lagging were identified. To correct regional imbalances, a comprehensive and proactive policy framework for a smart development model was put forward in Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Rodrigues C, Bio A, Guimarães L, Fernandes VC, Delerue-Matos C, Vieira N. Assessing the ecological status of fluvial ecosystems employing a macroinvertebrate multi-taxon and multi-biomarker approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:503. [PMID: 31332534 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are recognised sensitive early-warning tools of biological effects in aquatic organisms. In this scope, the main aim of this study was to investigate the potential usefulness of a battery of biomarkers, evaluated in different benthic macroinvertebrate taxa, to discriminate aquatic ecosystems with different levels of ecological status and to provide further clues supporting environmental management. The study took place during the autumn of 2013 and the spring and summer of 2014, and the study cases were two Mediterranean rivers (Âncora and Ferreira rivers), differing in their ecological status. The biomarkers determined are widely employed and comprise a large set of biochemical responses: the activity of enzymes (cholinesterases, glutathione S-transferases, catalase and lactate dehydrogenase) and the levels of lipid peroxidation. They were assessed seasonally and in different macroinvertebrate taxa. Thirteen water physico-chemical parameters were also seasonally determined, and the concentration of seven organophosphorus pesticides and the percentage of 32 trace metals in sediments were determined in the spring. This is particularly useful for water management. Based on this, authorities can take actions to prevent further damage in the ecological status. Multivariate analyses showed distinct patterns of biological response for the Calopteryx spp., Chironomidae and Baetis spp. taxa. Calopteryx spp. and Chironomidae, in particular, showed distinct response patterns for the two rivers, which were fairly stable across seasons. This study sets the foundations for future cost-effective biomonitoring campaigns in Mediterranean rivers, allowing to establish historical data important to understand ecosystem evolution, as well as baseline levels of diagnostic biomarkers in informative macroinvertebrate taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rodrigues
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Bio
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Laura Guimarães
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Virgínia C Fernandes
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Natividade Vieira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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Major determinants of the occurrence of a globally invasive parasite in riverine fish over large-scale environmental gradients. Int J Parasitol 2019; 49:625-634. [PMID: 31121168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The increased rate of outbreaks of infectious diseases in ecosystems is a dramatic consequence of global change, particularly when outbreaks affect important resources such as freshwater fish. However, the links between disease-inducing epizootics and widespread human impacts, including nutrient pollution and high water conductivity, in freshwater organisms are largely unexplored. We used data from extensive surveys in northeastern Spain (99,700 km2, 15 river catchments, n = 530 sites) to explore the environmental factors that singly, or in combination, are likely to influence the occurrence of the invasive parasite, Lernaea cyprinacea, after accounting for host fish characteristics. Smaller fish, lower altitudes, higher water conductivity and nutrient pollution were associated with higher probabilities of infection in 19 endemic and widely distributed fish species. We found no evidence that interactive effects among riverine stressors related to water and physical habitat quality better explained the probability of occurrence of L. cyprinacea in fish than did additive-stressor combinations. Nutrient pollution and high water conductivity were two of the major factors contributing to the increased occurrence of L. cyprinacea. Therefore, the improvement of wastewater treatment processes and agricultural practices probably would help to reduce the occurrence of this parasite among native fish.
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Madeira D, Mendonça V, Madeira C, Gaiteiro C, Vinagre C, Diniz MS. Molecular assessment of wild populations in the marine realm: Importance of taxonomic, seasonal and habitat patterns in environmental monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:250-263. [PMID: 30447573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Scientists are currently faced with the challenge of assessing the effects of anthropogenic stressors on aquatic ecosystems. Cellular stress response (CSR) biomarkers are ubiquitous and phylogenetically conserved among metazoans and have been successfully applied in environmental monitoring but they can also vary according to natural biotic and abiotic factors. The reported variability may thus limit the wide application of biomarkers in monitoring, imposing the need to identify variability levels in the field. Our aim was to carry out a comprehensive in situ assessment of the CSR (heat shock protein 70 kDa, ubiquitin, antioxidant enzymes) and oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) in wild populations across marine taxa by collecting fish, crustaceans, mollusks and cnidarians during two different seasons (spring and summer) and two habitat types (coast and estuary). CSR end-point patterns were different between taxa with mollusks having higher biomarker levels, followed by the cnidarians, while fish and crustaceans showed lower biomarker levels. The PCA showed clear clusters related to mobility/sessile traits with sessile organisms showing greater levels (>2-fold) of CSR proteins and oxidative damage. Mean intraspecific variability in the CSR measured by the coefficient of variation (% CV) (including data from all seasons and sites) was elevated (35-94%). Overall, there was a seasonal differentiation in biomarker patterns across taxonomic groups, especially evident in fish and cnidarians. A differentiation in biomarker patterns between habitat types was also observed and associated with phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation. Overall, specimens collected in the estuary had lower biomarker levels when compared to specimens collected in the coast. This work highlights the importance of assessing baseline biomarker levels across taxa, seasons and habitats prior to applying biomarker analyses in environmental monitoring. Selecting bioindicator species, defining sampling strategies, and identifying confounding factors are crucial preliminary steps that ensure the success of biomarkers as powerful tools in biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Madeira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa Mendonça
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Madeira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário S Diniz
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Baudou FG, Ossana NA, Castañé PM, Mastrángelo MM, González Núñez AA, Palacio MJ, Ferrari L. Use of integrated biomarker indexes for assessing the impact of receiving waters on a native neotropical teleost fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1779-1786. [PMID: 30278422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the field of aquatic ecotoxicology, indexes obtained from a battery of biomarkers have proved to be a useful tool for assessing quantifiable and integrated health responses of organisms exposed to pollutants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of exposure to the Reconquista River water (RR) on adults of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus using different integrated indexes. We conducted a 12-d laboratory assay involving the exposure of fish to RR, a negative control (moderately hard water - MHW medium), and a positive control (for genotoxicity with MHW + Cyclophosphamide, CP). There were measured metabolic (food intake and specific assimilation, specific metabolic rate, oxygen extraction efficiency, ammonia excretion, and ammonia quotient), genotoxic (comet assay, micronucleus test, and nuclear abnormalities), morphological variables (total length, body and liver weight) and biochemical variables (Electron Transport System - ETS, Acetylcholinesterase activity - AChE, Catalase - CAT, Glutathione-S-transferase - GST, Glutathione content - GSH and tissue proteins). These variables were grouped into different indexes: morphological (Condition Factor - K and Liver Somatic Index-LSI), metabolic (Scope for Growth-SFG), genetic damage (GDI) and integrated biomarker response - IBR (AChE brain, CAT, GST and GSH liver, GSH gills, ETS muscle) indexes. Results indicated that RR water induced metabolic, biochemical and genetic damages. The SFG, GDI and IBR were suitable to assess the effects of exposure to an environmental sample in an integrated approach, reducing uncertainty due to inherent biomarker variability. These indexes have emerged as promising tools for environmental monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico G Baudou
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Natalia A Ossana
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Patricia M Castañé
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Martina M Mastrángelo
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Ayelen A González Núñez
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Mauro J Palacio
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Lucrecia Ferrari
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
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Santos D, Luzio A, Coimbra AM, Varandas S, Fontaínhas-Fernandes A, Monteiro SM. A Gill Histopathology Study in two Native Fish Species from the Hydrographic Douro Basin. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:236-243. [PMID: 30744709 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927618015490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gill histopathology is a valuable tool to evaluate ecosystems health, because the gill is a key site of waterborne pollutant uptake and the first target organ to their toxicity. Consequently, this makes it important in biomonitoring programs. This study aims to evaluate gill histopathological differences in Douro basin native fish species and determine possible associations with water quality and the ecological status classifications. Two native fish species (Pseudochondrostoma duriense and Luciobarbus bocagei) were sampled in four points of the Douro basin: two reference points, Ameixiosa (Paiva River) and Covelas (Bestança River), both classified with an excellent ecological status; and two disturbed points, Castro Daire (Paiva River) and Alvações do Corgo (Corgo River), categorized with a good and a moderate ecological status, respectively. Gill histopathological differences were qualitative and quantitatively analyzed. The histological analysis showed that, in all sampling locations, both species presented some degree of gill differences, such as epithelial lifting, lamellar fusion, and/or necrosis. The histopathological differences evaluation emphasized some variances in the responses between the two species. In nase, the filament and lamellar epithelium proliferation were the histopathological differences that better reflected the river ecological status classification, proving their usefulness in biomonitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dércia Santos
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências da Vida e Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
| | - Ana Luzio
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências da Vida e Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
| | - Ana M Coimbra
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências da Vida e Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
| | - Simone Varandas
- Departamentode Ciências Florestais e Arquitetura Paisagista (CIFAP),Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (ECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
| | - António Fontaínhas-Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências da Vida e Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
| | - Sandra M Monteiro
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente (DeBA), Centro de Investigação de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Escola de Ciências da Vida e Ambiente (ECVA), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD),Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real,Portugal
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50
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Cano-Rocabayera O, de Sostoa A, Padrós F, Cárdenas L, Maceda-Veiga A. Ecologically relevant biomarkers reveal that chronic effects of nitrate depend on sex and life stage in the invasive fish Gambusia holbrooki. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211389. [PMID: 30689670 PMCID: PMC6349331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural intensification and shifts in precipitation regimes due to global climate change are expected to increase nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems. However, the direct effects of nutrients widely present in wastewaters, such as nitrate, are poorly studied. Here, we use multiple indicators of fish health to experimentally test the effects of three ecologically relevant nitrate concentrations (<10, 50 and 250 mg NO3-/l) on wild-collected mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), a species widely introduced for mosquito biocontrol in often eutrophic waters. Overall, biomarkers (histopathology, feeding assays, growth and caloric content and stable isotopes as indicators of energy content) did not detect overt signs of serious disease in juveniles, males or females of mosquitofish. However, males reduced food intake at the highest nitrate concentration compared to the controls and females. Similarly, juveniles reduced energy reserves without significant changes in growth or food intake. Calorimetry was positively associated with the number of perivisceral fat cells in juveniles, and the growth rate of females was negatively associated with δ15N signature in muscle. This study shows that females are more tolerant to nitrate than males and juveniles and illustrates the advantages of combing short- and long-term biomarkers in environmental risk assessment, including when testing for the adequacy of legal thresholds for pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Cano-Rocabayera
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Padrós
- Servei de Diagnòstic Patològic en Peixos, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lorena Cárdenas
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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