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Zhang J, Wen J, Dai Z, Zhang H, Zhang N, Lei R, Liu Z, Peng L, Cheng Q. Causal association and shared genetics between telomere length and COVID-19 outcomes: New evidence from the latest large-scale summary statistics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2429-2441. [PMID: 38882679 PMCID: PMC11176559 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies suggested that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is shortened in COVID-19 patients. However, the genetic association and causality remained unknown. Methods Based on the genome-wide association of LTL (N = 472,174) and COVID-19 phenotypes (N = 1086,211-2597,856), LDSC and SUPERGNOVA were used to estimate the genetic correlation. Cross-trait GWAS meta-analysis, colocalization, fine-mapping analysis, and transcriptome-wide association study were conducted to explore the shared genetic etiology. Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized to infer the causality. Upstream and downstream two-step MR was performed to investigate the potential mediating effects. Results LDSC identified a significant genetic association between LTL and all COVID-19 phenotypes (rG < 0, p < 0.05). Six significant regions were observed for LTL and COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization, respectively. Colocalization analysis found rs144204502, rs34517439, and rs56255908 were shared causal variants between LTL and COVID-19 phenotypes. Numerous biological pathways associated with LTL and COVID-19 outcomes were identified, mainly involved in -immune-related pathways. MR showed that longer LTL was significantly associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 severity (OR [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.71-0.92], p = 1.24 ×10-3) and suggestively associated with lower risks of COVID-19 susceptibility (OR [95% CI] = 0.96 [0.92-1.00], p = 3.44 ×10-2) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.80-0.98], p = 1.89 ×10-2). LTL partially mediated the effects of BMI, smoking, and education on COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, six proteins partially mediated the causality of LTL on COVID-19 outcomes, including BNDF, QPCT, FAS, MPO, SFTPB, and APOF. Conclusions Our findings suggested that shorter LTL was genetically associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 phenotypes, with shared genetic etiology and potential causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoyan Lei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luo Peng
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wei LY, Lin YW, Luo JC, Li YX, Hu YT, Guo SY, Jiang Z, Zhao DD, Chen SB, Huang ZS. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel 2-pyrimidinylindole derivatives as orally available anti-obesity agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116773. [PMID: 39163779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to the emerging global epidemic of obesity, developing safe and effective agents for anti-obesity is urgently needed. Our previous study found that 2-pyrimidinylindole derivative Wd3d exhibited potential anti-obesity activity. Herein, to further optimize the potential moiety, structural modifications were proceeded for two rounds in this study. Firstly, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated 36 new derivatives of 2-pyrimidinylindole scaffold with different substituents on the indole ring and pyrimidine ring to investigate their structure-activity relationship (SAR). Then, analogs with potent activity had the aldehyde group replaced with the acylhydrazone group to reduce cytotoxicity and improve metabolic stability. Detailed SAR studies and animal evaluation experiments led to the discovery of the compound 9ga, which significantly reduced TG accumulation with an EC50 value of 0.07 μM and showed relatively low cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of around 24 μM. Oral administration of 9ga effectively prevented the excessive growth of body weight and lessened fat mass as well as liver mass, decreased lipid accumulation in the liver and blood, and improved the heart injury parameter in the diet-induced obesity mouse model significantly better than Wd3d. A mechanism study showed that 9ga regulated the lipid metabolism during early adipogenesis by inhibiting PPARγ pathway. In conclusion, our study further highlights the anti-obesity potential of 2-pyrimidinylindole derivatives in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Chun Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi-Xian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Tao Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shi-Yao Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuo-Bin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Tang R, Kou M, Li X, Wang X, Ma H, Heianza Y, Qi L. Degree of joint risk factor control and incident chronic kidney disease among individuals with obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4864-4874. [PMID: 39164879 PMCID: PMC11452277 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the extent to which joint risk factor control might attenuate the excess risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in participants with obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included a total of 97 538 participants who were obese at baseline and matched 97 538 normal weight control participants from the UK Biobank in the analysis. The degree of joint risk factor control was assessed based on six major CKD risk factors, including blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, albuminuria, smoking and physical activity. The Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between the degree of risk factor control and risk of CKD, following participants from their baseline assessment until the occurrence of CKD, death, or the end of the follow-up period. RESULTS Among participants with obesity, joint risk factor control showed an association with a stepwise reduction of incident CKD risk. Each additional risk factor control corresponded to an 11% (hazard ratio: 0.89; 95% confidence interval: 0.86-0.91) reduced risk of CKD among participants with obesity, with the optimal controlling of all six risk factors associated with a 49% (hazard ratio: 0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.43-0.61) decrease in risk of CKD. Furthermore, in individuals with obesity who jointly controlled all six risk factors, the excess risk of CKD associated with obesity was effectively neutralized compared with normal weight control subjects. Notably, the protective correlations between the degree of joint risk factor control and the incidence of CKD were more pronounced in men compared with women, in individuals with a lower healthy food score versus a higher score, and among diabetes medication users as opposed to non-users (pinteraction = 0.017, 0.033 and 0.014, respectively). CONCLUSION The joint risk factor control is associated with an inverse association of CKD risk in an accumulative manner among individuals with obesity. Achieving ideal control over risk factors may effectively counterbalance the excessive risk of CKD typically associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Minghao Kou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Cseh D, Middlemiss JE, Mäki-Petäjä KM, Hubsch A, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM. Cardiovascular responses to experimental weight gain in humans: a feasibility study. J Hypertens 2024; 42:2011-2017. [PMID: 39119814 PMCID: PMC11451930 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity and hypertension share a well known association. However, the mechanisms underlying their relationship are not well understood. Our goal was to assess the feasibility of a longitudinal, interventional weight gain study with detailed cardiovascular measurements in humans. METHODS Sixteen healthy, normotensive, young, male volunteers (28 ± 7 years) were enrolled. Body composition, biochemical and cardiovascular data were obtained at baseline, and after an 8-week period of overfeeding (800-1000 kcal/day). Blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) were determined, as were the minimum forearm vascular resistance (MFVR), forearm blood flow (FBF) response to mental stress and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. RESULTS Overfeeding resulted in a median weight gain of 5.6 kg [interquartile range (IQR) 4.6-6.4 kg; P < 0.001]. Seated systolic and diastolic BP were significantly increased by 10 ± 9 and 4 ± 6 mmHg, respectively, after weight gain ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). CO also increased and PVR decreased significantly as a result of weight gain ( P = 0.032 and P = 0.044, respectively). MFVR was also significantly decreased after weight gain ( P = 0.023). The FBF response to mental stress was blunted significantly ( P = 0.002), and sympathovagal balance and responsiveness to orthostatic challenge altered moderately after weight gain. CONCLUSION Our overfeeding regimen resulted in moderate weight gain and significant increases in BP. An increase in CO is likely to be the dominant mechanism underlying the observed BP changes, with decreases in PVR partially compensating for these effects. Experimental weight gain, coupled with detailed cardiovascular phenotyping, is a feasible model to examine potential mechanisms underlying obesity-associated hypertension in young adults.
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Bae JP, Nelson DR, Boye KS, Mather KJ. Prevalence of complications and co-morbidities in males and females with obesity: Real-world insights from claims data analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:5005-5012. [PMID: 39261304 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To comprehensively examine the range of co-morbidities among males and females with a diagnosis of obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional retrospective study used US commercial and Medicare claims data from Merative MarketScan Research Databases to identify adults (age ≥ 18 years) with a diagnosis of obesity with continuous insurance coverage from 2018 to 2020. Co-morbidities were tabulated based on coded diagnoses, and prevalences were calculated in males and females across age groups. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) determined differences in co-morbidities between the sexes. RESULTS Of an eligible sample of 6.9 million, we identified 2 028 273 individuals with at least one obesity-related International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification code. The proportions of males and females with obesity were 43.0% versus 57.0%. The most prevalent co-morbidities among males and females were hypertension (62.8% vs. 52.2%), dyslipidaemia (63.3% vs. 50.3%) and depression and/or anxiety (D/A; 29.7% vs. 48.5%). The prevalence of D/A was high in the younger age group, but steadily decreased with age in both sexes; however, hypertension and dyslipidaemia continued to increase with age. The presence of diagnosis of hypertension and dyslipidaemia was 6-8 years earlier in males than in females. Females had higher odds than males for osteoarthritis (OR 1.33), depression (OR 2.22) or osteoporosis (OR 7.10); all P < .0001. CONCLUSIONS Males with obesity received a diagnosis of cardiovascular risk factors at an earlier age than females, which may have contributed to the higher prevalence of coronary heart disease. Understanding sex-specific variations in co-morbidities across ages can support early screening and diagnosis of risk clusters for optimal obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Bae
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Huang YN, Liao WL, Huang JY, Lin YJ, Yang SF, Huang CC, Wang CH, Su PH. Long-term safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in individuals with obesity and without type 2 diabetes: A global retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:5222-5232. [PMID: 39171569 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the long-term impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on thyroid function, cardiovascular health, renal outcomes and adverse events in individuals with obesity and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this observational cohort study, we used propensity score matching to construct comparable cohorts of individuals with obesity and without T2D who were new to GLP-1 RA treatment and those who did not receive glucose-lowering medications. In total, 3,729,925 individuals with obesity were selected from the TriNetX Global Network, with an index event between 1 January 2016 and 31 March 2024. The primary outcomes were safety, cardiovascular, thyroid and clinical biochemical profile outcomes occurring within 5 years following the index event. RESULTS After propensity score matching, the study included 12,123 individuals in each group. GLP-1 RA treatment was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.23; 95% confidence interval 0.15-0.34) and several cardiovascular complications, including ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertension, stroke and atrial fibrillation (all p < 0.05). GLP-1 RAs were also associated with a lower risk of acute kidney injury and allergic reactions. These protective effects were consistent across various subgroups and regions. CONCLUSIONS In this large observational study, GLP-1 RAs showed long-term protective effects on cardiovascular health, renal outcomes and adverse events in individuals with obesity and without T2D. Our findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs may offer a comprehensive approach to managing obesity and its related comorbidities, potentially improving overall health and survival in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Center for Health Data Science, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Wang
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Egeberg A, Wollenberg A, Bieber T, Lemeshow AR, Vyas S. Incidence of cardiovascular events in a population-based Danish cohort with atopic dermatitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100338. [PMID: 39391127 PMCID: PMC11466631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Background The risk of cardiovascular disease in atopic dermatitis (AD) is not well established. Objectives Our aims were to evaluate the incidence rate (IR) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with AD in a population-based cohort study and to assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors and incidence of malignancies, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and VTE in patients with AD and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a nested cohort analysis. Methods Data from individuals age 12 years or older (nested cohort age ≥ 18 years) from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2018, were extracted from the Danish National Patient Registry. Patients with AD were age- and sex-matched with 10 healthy controls. ASCVD risk factors included age 65 years or older and history of smoking, coronary artery disease, stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and malignancy. Results The population-based cohort comprised 190,751 patients (17,341 patients with AD and 173,410 healthy controls). The IRs per 100 patient-years were comparable between the AD cohort and healthy controls for VTE (0.14 [95% CI = 0.12-0.16] vs 0.11 [95% CI = 0.11-0.12]), DVT (0.08 [95% CI = 0.06-0.09] vs 0.06 [95% CI = 0.06-0.07]), and PE (0.06 [95% CI = 0.05-0.08] vs 0.05 [95% CI = 0.05-0.05]). The IR for VTE was higher in the AD cohort age 65 years or older (0.71 [95% CI = 0.56-0.90]) than in the age-matched controls (0.50 [95% CI = 0.46-0.54]). ASCVD risk factors were more frequent in the patients with RA than in the patients with AD. The IRs for malignancies and MACE were higher with specific ASCVD risk factors. Conclusions The IRs of cardiovascular events were comparable between the AD cohort and general population. The risk of VTE, malignancy, or MACE was higher with specific ASCVD risk factors, underscoring the need for patient monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Egeberg
- Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Medicine Campus, Davos, Switzerland
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Kim S, Na GH, Yim DJ, Liu CF, Lin TH, Shih TW, Pan TM, Lee CL, Koo YK. Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 prevents obesity by regulating AMPK pathways and gut microbiota in obese rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150279. [PMID: 39018972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) both in vitro and in vivo. Initially, the cytotoxicity and lipid accumulation inhibitory effects of NTU 101 on 3T3-L1 cells were evaluated using the MTT assay and oil red O assay, respectively. Subsequently, the anti-obesity effects of NTU 101 were investigated in high-fat diet-induced obese rat. Moreover, western blotting was performed to measure the obesity-related protein expression of PPARα, PPARβ, PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, ATGL, p-p38 MAPK, p-ERK1/2, p-AMPK and CPT-1 in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and adipose and liver tissues. Treatment with 16 × 108 CFU/mL NTU 101 reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by more than 50 %. Oral administration of NTU 101 significantly attenuated body weight gain, as well as adipose tissue weight. NTU 101 administration enhanced fatty acid oxidation increasing expression levels of PPARα, CPT-1, and p-AMPK proteins in liver tissue, while simultaneously inhibited adipogenesis by reducing PPARγ and C/EBPα proteins in adipose tissue. Furthermore, NTU 101 supplementation positively modulated the composition of gut microbiota, notably increasing the abundance of Akkermansiaceae. This present study suggests that NTU 101 exerts anti-obesity effects by regulating gut microbiota, fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- SukJin Kim
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Gwi Hwan Na
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Dong Joon Yim
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea
| | - Chin-Feng Liu
- Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tse-Han Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Sec. 2, University Rd., Taitung, 95092, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Tzu-Ming Pan
- SunWay Biotech Co. LTD., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Lin Lee
- Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yean Kyoung Koo
- Department of R&I Center, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam, 13486, South Korea.
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Wang Y, Wang X, Niu X, Han K, Ru N, Xiang J, Linghu E. Identification of COL3A1 as a candidate protein involved in the crosstalk between obesity and diarrhea using quantitative proteomics and machine learning. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176881. [PMID: 39127300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing epidemiologic studies have shown a positive correlation between obesity and chronic diarrhea. Nevertheless, the precise etiology remains uncertain. METHODS We performed a comprehensive proteomics analysis utilizing the data-independent acquisition (DIA) technique on jejunal tissues from patients with obesity and chronic diarrhea (OD, n = 33), obese patients (OB, n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 8). Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons were subjected to pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Machine learning algorithms were adopted on overlapping DEPs in both comparisons. The candidate protein was further validated using Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and in vitro experiments. RESULTS We identified 189 and 228 DEPs in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons, respectively. DEPs in both comparisons were co-enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Downregulated DEPs were associated with tight junction and ECM-receptor interaction in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons, respectively. Machine learning algorithms selected 3 proteins from 14 overlapping DEPs in both comparisons, among which collagen alpha-1(III) chain (COL3A1) was identified as a core protein in PPI networks. Western blot and IHC verified the expression of COL3A1. Moreover, the tight junction-related proteins decreased after the knockdown of COL3A1 in Caco2 intestinal cells upon PA challenge, consistent with the proteomics results. CONCLUSIONS We generated in-depth profiling of a proteomic dataset from samples of OD patients and provided unique insights into disease pathogenesis. COL3A1 was involved in the crosstalk between obesity and intestinal homeostasis via the ECM-receptor interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaotong Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Nan Ru
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Ding Y, Ge T, Shen J, Duan M, Yuan C, Zhu Y, Zhou D. Associations of metabolic heterogeneity of obesity with the risk of dementia in middle-aged adults: three prospective studies. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:220. [PMID: 39394616 PMCID: PMC11468300 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of different obesity and metabolic phenotypes during midlife with the risk of incident dementia remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between metabolic heterogeneity of obesity and long-term risk of dementia. METHODS We conducted prospective analyses from three cohorts, including the UK Biobank (UKB), Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, and Framingham Offspring Study (FOS). Eligible participants were those aged 45-65 years with valid assessments of body mass index (BMI) and metabolic status at the study baseline. Obesity was defined as a BMI of ≥ 30.0 kg/m2, while metabolic abnormality was defined as meeting ≥ 2 of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Metabolic heterogeneity of obesity was evaluated based on obesity and metabolic phenotypes and grouped as metabolically normal non-obesity (MNNO), metabolically abnormal non-obesity (MANO), metabolically normal obesity (MNO), and metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO). RESULTS Included in this study were 295,823 participants aged 56.3 ± 5.9 years from the UKB, 12,547 participants aged 54.0 ± 5.7 years from the ARIC, and 2,004 participants aged 53.9 ± 5.9 years from the FOS. Over 4,348,208 person-years, a total of 6,190 participants (3,601 in the UKB, 2,405 in the ARIC, and 184 in the FOS) developed incident dementia. In the pooled analysis of three cohorts, metabolic abnormality was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.80) for dementia, while obesity was associated with an HR of 1.20 (1.03-1.41). Compared with MNNO, individuals with MANO and MAO had increased risks of dementia (pooled HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04-1.71 for MANO and 1.48, 1.16-1.89 for MAO). However, there was no significant difference in the risk of dementia among MNO (pooled HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.98-1.24). In addition, participants who recovered from MANO to MNNO had a lower risk of dementia (pooled HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.97), as compared with stable MANO. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic abnormality has a stronger association with dementia than obesity. Metabolically abnormal non-obesity and obesity, but not metabolically normal obesity, are associated with higher risks of incident dementia as compared with metabolically normal non-obesity. Recovering from an abnormal metabolic status to normal reduces the risk of dementia in populations without obesity. Our findings highlight the important role of metabolic status in the development of dementia and recommend the stratified management of obesity based on metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Ding
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Ge
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingrui Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Department of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Department of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Wan Q, Liu X, Xu J, Zhao R, Yang S, Feng J, Cao Z, Li J, He X, Chen H, Ye J, Chen H, Chen Y. Body Composition and Progression of Biopsy-Proven Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Obesity. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 39389917 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a significant risk factor for the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, a convenient and efficacious non-invasive test for monitoring NAFLD progression in patients with obesity is currently lacking. This study aims to investigate the associations between CT-based body composition and the progression of biopsy-proven NAFLD in patients with obesity. METHODS Liver biopsy was conducted in patients with obesity, and the progression of NAFLD was evaluated by the NAFLD activity score (NAS). Body composition was assessed through abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans. RESULTS A total of 602 patients with an average age of 31.65 (±9.33) years old were included, comprising 217 male patients and 385 female patients. The wall skeletal muscle index (SMI), total SMI, and visceral fat index (VFI) were positively correlated with NAS in both male and female patients. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between high liver steatosis and wall SMI (HR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.30), total SMI (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.08), VSI (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.14), visceral fat to muscle ratio (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.18), and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.12). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was significantly associated with wall SMI (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.19) and VSI (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.17). Liver fibrosis ≥ F2 was significantly associated with psoas muscle index (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.93) and psoas skeletal muscle density (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.89). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that certain CT-based body composition indicators, notably high VFI, were significantly associated with the progression of NAFLD in patients with obesity. Great attentions and timely managements should be given to these patients with body composition characteristics associated with the risk of NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinghao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqin Yang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianrong Feng
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhan Cao
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingru Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaopeng He
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiou Chen
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinbao Ye
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang H, Wei T, Zhang A, Zhang H, Kong L, Li Y, Li F. Trends in the incidence and survival of women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer from 1990 to 2019: a large population-based analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23690. [PMID: 39390094 PMCID: PMC11467179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74746-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent subtype of BC and is generally correlated with a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to determine the incidence and survival trends among women diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive BC between 1990 and 2019. Female patients with hormone receptor-positive BC for calendar years 1990-2019 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and categorized into six diagnostic groups according to the year of diagnosis. Age-adjusted incidence rates (IRs) were calculated using joinpoint regression. We used the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analyses to determine the association between diagnostic groups, and overall survival (OS) and BC-specific survival (BCSS). The final analysis included 370,729 women, among whom 37,943 (10.2%), 49,266 (13.3%), 55,652 (15.0%), 64,451 (17.4%), 77,127 (20.8%), and 86,290 (23.3%) were diagnosed between 1990 and 1994, 1995-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014, and 2015-2019, respectively. Within the overall cohort, IRs gradually increased from 70 per 100,000 in 1990 to 113 per 100,000 in 2019 (average annual percent change, 1.59%; 95% CI, 1.18-1.99). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the survival outcomes gradually improved over nearly three decades among hormone receptor-positive BC patients, with a 0.8% and 1.3% decrease in risk for all-cause and BC-specific mortality each year, respectively. Compared to 1990-1994, hormone receptor-positive BC patients diagnosed in 2015-2019 had a 22% lower risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.76-0.81) and a 27% lower risk of BC-specific death (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.70-0.76). The development of treatment strategies within the past three decades, especially endocrine therapy, may contribute to the continuous improvement of clinical outcomes in patients with hormone receptor-positive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Aijie Zhang
- Health Management Center of University-Town Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lingquan Kong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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13
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Ostadrahimi A, Khajebishak Y, Moradi F, Payahoo L. The effect of Oleoylethanolamide supplementation on lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and dietary habits in obese people: a randomized double-blind placebo-control trial. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:210. [PMID: 39379951 PMCID: PMC11460158 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in biochemical parameters and changes in eating habits are considered complications of obesity. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endocannabinoid-like compound, has been shown to have protective effects on many metabolic disorders. Given this evidence, the present study aimed to assess the effects of OEA on lipid profile parameters, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and dietary habits in healthy obese people. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which was carried out in 2016 in Tabriz, Iran, 60 obese people were enrolled in the study based on inclusion criteria. The intervention group consumed 125 mg of OEA capsules, and the placebo group received the same amount of starch twice for 8 weeks. Blood samples (5 mL) were taken at baseline and the end of the study in a fasting state. Serum concentrations of FBS, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured by enzymatic methods using commercial kits. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration was obtained using the Friede-Wald formula. To assess dietary habits, a food frequency questionnaire (147 items) was used at baseline and the end of the study. A value less than < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS The TG concentration decreased significantly in the intervention group (mean (SD): 166.29 (70.01) mg/dL to 142.22 (48.05) mg/dL, p = 0.047). Changes in the placebo group were not significant (p > 0.05). After adjusting for baseline values and demographic characteristics, the difference in TG between groups remained significant (p = 0.044). Changes in other biochemical parameters were not significant. There was no significant difference between or within groups in terms of food groups. CONCLUSION OEA, as a complementary agent, plays a protective role in TG regulation. However, future studies with longer durations are needed to explore the impact of OEA on regulating dietary habits and to identify the mechanisms related to metabolic abnormalities in obese people. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) center as IRCT201607132017N30 with URL. www.IRCT.IR in date 03/10/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Khajebishak
- Nutrition Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Fardin Moradi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Laleh Payahoo
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Nutrition Sciences, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
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Koskinas KC, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Antoniades C, Blüher M, Gorter TM, Hanssen H, Marx N, McDonagh TA, Mingrone G, Rosengren A, Prescott EB. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:4063-4098. [PMID: 39210706 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has more than doubled over the past four decades, currently affecting more than a billion individuals. Beyond its recognition as a high-risk condition that is causally linked to many chronic illnesses, obesity has been declared a disease per se that results in impaired quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Notably, two-thirds of obesity-related excess mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease. Despite the increasingly appreciated link between obesity and a broad range of cardiovascular disease manifestations including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, thromboembolic disease, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, obesity has been underrecognized and sub-optimally addressed compared with other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In the view of major repercussions of the obesity epidemic on public health, attention has focused on population-based and personalized approaches to prevent excess weight gain and maintain a healthy body weight from early childhood and throughout adult life, as well as on comprehensive weight loss interventions for persons with established obesity. This clinical consensus statement by the European Society of Cardiology discusses current evidence on the epidemiology and aetiology of obesity; the interplay between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac conditions; the clinical management of patients with cardiac disease and obesity; and weight loss strategies including lifestyle changes, interventional procedures, and anti-obesity medications with particular focus on their impact on cardiometabolic risk and cardiac outcomes. The document aims to raise awareness on obesity as a major risk factor and provide guidance for implementing evidence-based practices for its prevention and optimal management within the context of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Koskinas
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital-INSELSPITAL, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gorter
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa A McDonagh
- Cardiology Department, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College, London, UK
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli & Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Västra Götaland Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva B Prescott
- Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen 2400, Denmark
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Lui DTW, Tsoi KH, Fong CHY, Jiang NS, Chow WS, Yuen MMA. Real-world efficacy and safety of naltrexone-bupropion therapy in Chinese patients with obesity: A single-centre experience. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-04029-2. [PMID: 39367996 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-04029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Naltrexone-bupropion (Contrave®) has shown efficacy and safety in large randomised controlled trials, predominantly comprising Caucasians. Data are limited in Asian populations. We carried out a retrospective matched cohort study of Chinese patients with obesity to evaluate the efficacy and safety of naltrexone-bupropion in real-world clinical practice. METHODS We performed a retrospective matched cohort study of Chinese patients with obesity managed in the Obesity Clinic of Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020. Electronic health records of patients treated with naltrexone-bupropion were retrieved for body weight and height, obesity-related metabolic parameters, and adverse events over a 12-month period. Age- and sex-matched controls from the Obesity Clinic who were only on self-directed lifestyle management were identified for comparison of weight changes. General linear models were used to analyse the change in body weight over 12 months. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients treated with naltrexone-bupropion were included (mean age 42.2 ± 8.4 years, 54.1% men, baseline body mass index 37.3 ± 4.6 kg/m2), and 37 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Among the 37 naltrexone-bupropion-treated patients, the mean weight loss was 9.2 ± 5.2% at 6 months and 9.7 ± 8.1% at 12 months, which were significantly more than in controls (p < 0.001). Improvements in the obesity-related parameters were observed in association with weight loss over 12 months. Ten patients (27.0%) discontinued naltrexone-bupropion due to side effects, mainly neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations, within the first 12 months. CONCLUSION We demonstrated real-world efficacy and safety of naltrexone-bupropion among Chinese patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kimberly Hang Tsoi
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Carol Ho Yi Fong
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Nancy Su Jiang
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michele Mae Ann Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Spychalski P, Wieszczy P, Połomska K, Kobiela J, Regula J, Kaminski MF, Pilonis N. Mortality and rate of hospitalization stratified by patients' BMI in a colonoscopy screening - a cross sectional analysis of data from Polish Colonoscopy Screening Platform. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024:1-6. [PMID: 39363857 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2410795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, it remains unknown whether there is an association between body mass index (BMI) and complications during screening colonoscopy; hence, it remains unclear whether BMI should be considered a risk factor in pre-procedural assessments. The aim of this study was to compare mortality and unplanned hospitalization rates before and after colonoscopy stratified by patients' BMI. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy as part of the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program (PCSP). The included individuals were followed up for mortality and hospitalization episodes from 42 days prior to colonoscopy to 30 days after the procedure. Rates for the endpoints were calculated, compared, and adjusted for available data. Weighted averages of stratum-specific rates were calculated. Additional subanalyses were performed for sex and procedure type (screening colonoscopy without biopsy, colonoscopy with biopsy, or colonoscopy with polypectomy). RESULTS A total of 55390 individuals who underwent colonoscopy between years 2012-2015 were included. Obese individuals had significantly more hospitalizations than non-obese patients (1.94% versus 0%, p = .038). Analysis of adjusted hospitalization rates stratified by sex revealed that obese males had significantly higher related hospitalizations' rates before or after and after colonoscopy. Unadjusted and adjusted mortality rates after screening colonoscopy did not reveal significant differences between BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity are not clinically relevant risk factors for mortality and hospitalization six weeks before or 30 days after screening colonoscopy. Obese males may be more likely to require hospital care after colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Spychalski
- Department of General, Endocrine, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paulina Wieszczy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Połomska
- Department of General, Endocrine, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jarek Kobiela
- Department of General, Endocrine, and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Regula
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal F Kaminski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nastazja Pilonis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Vinicki M, Pribić T, Vučković F, Frkatović-Hodžić A, Plaza-Andrades I, Tinahones F, Raffaele J, Fernández-García JC, Lauc G. Effects of testosterone and metformin on the GlycanAge index of biological age and the composition of the IgG glycome. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01349-z. [PMID: 39363095 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
With aging, the body's ability to maintain regular functions declines, increasing susceptibility to age-related diseases. Therapeutic interventions targeting the underlying biological changes of aging hold promise for preventing or delaying multiple age-related diseases. Metformin, a drug commonly used for diabetes treatment, has emerged as a potential gerotherapeutic agent due to its established safety record and preclinical and clinical data on its anti-aging effects. Glycosylation, one of the most common and complex co- and post-translational protein modifications, plays a crucial role in regulating protein function and has been linked to aging and various diseases. Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation patterns have been observed with age, and these alterations may serve as valuable biomarkers for disease predisposition, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and overall health assessment. In this study, we analyzed the IgG glycosylation patterns of white men from Europe, aged 29-45 years, under treatment with metformin, testosterone, metformin plus testosterone, and placebo (trial registration number NCT02514629, 2013/07/04), and investigated the longitudinal changes in glycosylation over time. We observed statistically significant differences in the IgG glycome composition between participants on testosterone therapy and placebo, with decreased agalactosylation and increased galactosylation and sialylation. However, metformin therapy did not result in statistically significant changes in glycosylation patterns. These findings contribute to our understanding of the impact of therapeutic interventions on IgG glycosylation and confirm the value of IgG glycosylation as a significant biomarker, capable of assessing biological age using the GlycanAge index and providing insight into overall health compared to chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vinicki
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd, Borongajska Cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Pribić
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd, Borongajska Cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vučković
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd, Borongajska Cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Isaac Plaza-Andrades
- Grupo de Oncología Traslacional, Centro de Investigación Médico-Sanitario (CIMES), Laboratorio Inmunobiota, Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Virgen de La Victoria (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph Raffaele
- PhysioAge Systems, New York, NY, 10019, USA
- Raffaele Medical, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - José Carlos Fernández-García
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd, Borongajska Cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia.
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18
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Yang B, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang S, Sun Y, Wei Y, Jiang Q, Huang Y. Resveratrol inhibits white adipose deposition by the ESR1-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111448. [PMID: 39369759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Excessive adipose accumulation is the primary cause of obesity. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention for its anti-obesity properties. However, the precise mechanisms by which RES influences fat deposition have not yet been explored. In this study, the aim was to identify the target proteins and associated pathways of RES in order to elucidate the mechanisms by which RES reduces fat deposition. In this study, mice were administered 400 mg/kg of RES via gavage for 12 weeks. We found that while 400 mg/kg RES had no impact on the growth of the mice, it significantly reduced the weight of various white adipose tissues, as well as the serum and liver concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Network pharmacology identified 15 potential targets of RES and highlighted the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway as a key pathway. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations suggested that ESR1 might be the target protein through which RES exerts its anti-fat deposition effects. In vitro experiments revealed that ESR1 promotes the proliferation and inhibits the differentiation of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes, and suppresses the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Silencing the ESR1 gene altered the ability of RES to inhibit cell differentiation via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Gene expression results in subcutaneous adipose tissue, epididymal fat tissue, and liver tissue of mice were consistent with observations in cells. In summary, RES reduces white fat deposition by directly targeting the ESR1 protein and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings provide new insights into the potential use of RES in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Sanbao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yangyang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qinyang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yanna Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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19
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Jeong I, Park S, Park J, Kim OK. Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles from obese mice suppressed splenocyte-mediated pancreatic cancer cell death. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10545. [PMID: 39376903 PMCID: PMC11457911 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer and negatively contributes to the immune system. However, the mechanisms by which obesity mediates these actions are still poorly understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of communication between cells and may influence various aspects of cancer progression. Objectives We aim to explore the influence of EVs derived from adipose tissue of obese mice on cytokine production within the interactions between cancer cells and immune cells. Design We isolated EVs from the adipose tissue of both C57BL6/J mice and Ob/Ob mice. Subsequently, we treated EVs with Panc02 cells, the murine ductal pancreatic cancer cell line, which were co-cultured with splenocytes. Viability and SMAD4 gene expression were examined in Panc02 cells, and cytokine concentrations of IL-6, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-12p70 were measured in the cultured medium. Results Interestingly, we observed a significant reduction in splenocyte-mediated Panc02 cell death when treated with EVs derived from the adipose tissue of Ob/Ob mice, compared to those from C57BL6/J mice. Additionally, EVs from Ob/Ob mice-derived adipose tissue significantly increased the levels of IL-4, IL-2, and IL-12p70 in the culture media of Panc02 cells co-cultured with splenocytes, compared to EVs from C57BL6/J mice-derived adipose tissue. Conclusion Adipose tissue-derived EVs from obese mice suppressed splenocyte-mediated Panc02 cell death and upregulated IL-4, IL-2, and IL-12p70 in cultured medium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinbum Park
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Han Y, Choi Y, Kim YS. Association between physical activity levels and mortality across adiposity: A longitudinal study of age-specific Asian populations. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024. [PMID: 39357513 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the association of physical activity (PA) levels with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risks stratified by adiposity and age. METHODS Participants (36 703; mean age: 49.1; 57.1% women) were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2013. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between PA and mortality across different adiposity categories and ages. RESULTS Median follow-up was 9.22 years; 2393 individuals died, including 538 with CVD. Compared with normal-weight controls, underweight individuals had increased all-cause mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33-1.79). The overweight and obese groups demonstrated reduced mortality risks (HRs: 0.75 [95% CI: 0.67-0.84] and 0.59 [95% CI: 0.51-0.67], respectively). Mortality risk based on abdominal obesity had an HR of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08-1.37). PA protected against mortality risk most in the obese group performing more than 1000 MET-min/week and was particularly significant among those who were underweight and obese aged 65 and older. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obese Asian individuals (based on body mass index) had a lower mortality risk than those with normal body mass index, whereas obesity based on waist circumference was associated with increased mortality. PA protected against mortality across various weight categories, especially in individuals aged ≥65. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmin Han
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Chen Y, Gao R, Fang J, Ding S. A review: Polysaccharides targeting mitochondria to improve obesity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134448. [PMID: 39102922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are one of the most important and widely used bioactive components of natural products, which can be used to treat metabolic diseases. Natural polysaccharides (NPs) have been the subject of much study and research in the field of treating obesity in recent years. Studies in the past have demonstrated that mitochondria are important for the initiation, progression, and management of obesity. Additionally, NPs have the ability to improve mitochondrial dysfunction via a variety of mechanisms. This review summarized the relationship between the structure of NPs and their anti-obesity activity, focusing on the anti-obesity effects of these compounds at the mitochondrial level. We discussed the association between the structure and anti-obesity action of NPs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage, conformation and extraction methods. Furthermore, NPs can demonstrate a range of functions in adipose tissue, including but not limited to improving the mitochondrial oxidative respiratory chain, inhibiting oxidative stress, and maintaining mitochondrial mass homeostasis. The purpose of this work is to acquire a thorough understanding of the function that mitochondria play in the anti-obesity effects of NPs and to offer fresh insights for the investigation of how NPs prevent obesity and the creation of natural anti-obesity medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Rong Gao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Sujuan Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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22
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Qiu L, Ren Y, Li J, Li M, Li W, Qin L, Ning C, Zhang J, Gao F. Association of systemic immune inflammatory index with obesity and abdominal obesity: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2409-2419. [PMID: 39069464 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Our aim was to explore the potential relationship between SII and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS We utilized a weighted multivariable logistic regression model to investigate the relationship between SII and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity. Generalized additive models were employed to test for non-linear associations. Subsequently, we constructed a two-piecewise linear regression model and conducted a recursive algorithm to calculate inflection points. Additionally, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed. A total of 7,880 U.S. adult participants from NHANES 2011-2018 were recruited for this study. In the regression model adjusted for all confounding variables, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between SII/100 and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity, were 1.03 (1.01, 1.06) and 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) respectively. There was a non-linear and reverse U-shaped association between SII/100 and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity, with inflection points at 7.32 and 9.98 respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed before the inflection points, while significant negative correlations were found after the inflection points. There was a statistically significant interaction in the analysis of age, hypertension, and diabetes. Moreover, a notable interaction is observed between SII/100 and abdominal obesity within non-Hispanic Asian populations. CONCLUSIONS In adults from the United States, there is a positive correlation between SII and the high risk of obesity, as well as abdominal obesity. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to analyze the role of SII in obesity and abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Qiu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijie Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingli Qin
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Ning
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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23
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Wang Y, Lei K, Zhao L, Zhang Y. Clinical glycoproteomics: methods and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e760. [PMID: 39372389 PMCID: PMC11450256 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins, representing a significant proportion of posttranslational products, play pivotal roles in various biological processes, such as signal transduction and immune response. Abnormal glycosylation may lead to structural and functional changes of glycoprotein, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. Consequently, exploring protein glycosylation can shed light on the mechanisms behind disease manifestation and pave the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, the study of clinical glycoproteomics is fraught with challenges due to the low abundance and intricate structures of glycosylation. Recent advancements in mass spectrometry-based clinical glycoproteomics have improved our ability to identify abnormal glycoproteins in clinical samples. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the foundational principles and recent advancements in clinical glycoproteomic methodologies and applications. Furthermore, we discussed the typical characteristics, underlying functions, and mechanisms of glycoproteins in various diseases, such as brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, kidney diseases, and metabolic diseases. Additionally, we highlighted potential avenues for future development in clinical glycoproteomics. These insights provided in this review will enhance the comprehension of clinical glycoproteomic methods and diseases and promote the elucidation of pathogenesis and the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kaixin Lei
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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24
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Wang H, She X, Xu Q, Zhou X, Tang Q, Wei H, Huang T, Liang F. Linagliptin's impact on lymphatic barrier and lymphangiogenesis in oral cancer with high glucose. Oral Dis 2024; 30:4195-4208. [PMID: 38376102 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Uncertainties remain regarding the effect of elevated glucose levels on lymphatic metastasis of cancer cells. Our study elucidated the mechanisms linking high glucose to lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic barrier-related factors and investigated the protective role of linagliptin against lymphatic barrier dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A CAL-27-LEC co-culture system was established. Sodium fluorescein permeability assay observed lymphatic endothelial cell permeability. Western blotting and RT-qPCR detected protein and mRNA expression under different conditions, respectively. CCK-8, scratch wound healing, and transwell assays revealed cell migration and proliferation. Tube formation experiment tested capacity for endothelial tube formation. Immunohistochemical staining analyzed tissue sections from 43 oral cancer individuals with/without diabetes. RESULTS In high-glucose co-culture system, we observed increased lymphatic barrier permeability and decreased expression of ZO-1 and occludin, two tight-junction proteins; conversely, the expression of PAR2, a high permeability-related protein, was increased. Following linagliptin treatment, the expression levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3, and PAR2 decreased, while those of ZO-1 and occludin increased. Considerably higher levels of LYVE-1 expression in individuals with diabetes than in those without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS By ameliorating the high glucose-induced disruption of the lymphatic endothelial barrier, linagliptin may reduce lymphangiogenesis and exhibit an inhibitory effect on lymphatic metastasis in oral cancer patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao She
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiongdong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qinchao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huakun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tianjing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Feixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Stomatological Equipment (College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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25
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Kim SP, Jeong I, Kang N, Kim M, Kim OK. Black Ginger Extract Suppresses Fat Accumulation by Regulating Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. J Med Food 2024; 27:922-930. [PMID: 39023772 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antiobesity effects of black ginger extract (BGE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Mice were divided into six groups: normal diet control (NC, AIN-93G normal diet), 60% HFD control (HFD), HFD containing metformin at 250 mg/kg b.w. (Met, positive control), and HFD containing BGE at 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg b.w. for 15 weeks. BGE administration significantly prevented HFD-induced increases in weight gain, organ weight, and adipose tissue mass. Furthermore, it resulted in decreased adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related factors, including phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthase, dephosphorylated ATP-citrate lyase, dephosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and lipoprotein lipase, in white adipose tissues. Moreover, BGE administration enhanced lipolysis in white adipose tissue, as evidenced by elevated levels of adipose triglyceride lipase, phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase, and protein kinase A, along with reduced levels of perilipin and phosphodiesterase 3B. BGE induced thermogenesis in brown adipose tissues, as reflected by the increased expression of AMP-activated protein kinase, uncoupling protein 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 and decreased levels of fatty acid-binding protein 4. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive evidence supporting the antiobesity effects of BGE, elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in preventing weight gain, suppressing adipogenesis, promoting lipolysis, and stimulating thermogenesis. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic utility of BGE in combating obesity and associated metabolic disorders (KHGASP-2023-034).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Pyo Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Inae Jeong
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Namgil Kang
- R&D Division, Nutrione Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- R&D Division, Nutrione Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Wang G, Xie B, Yang X, Wang R, Zhong G, Gao L, Chen X, Lin M, Huang Q, Zhang C, Huang H, Li T, Xu J, Deng W. The "crosstalk" between gut microbiota, metabolites and genes in diet-induced hepatic steatosis mice intervened with Cordyceps guangdongensis polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134607. [PMID: 39127294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cordyceps guangdongensis, a novel edible mushroom in China, has shown many positive health effects. In this study, we extracted the C. guangdongensis polysaccharides (CGP) from the fruiting bodies, and investigated the mechanism for CGP improved high-fat diet-induced (HFDI) metabolic diseases. We found that CGP notably reduced fat mass, improved blood lipid levels and hepatic damage, and restored the gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Metabolome analyses showed that CGP changed the composition of bile acids, and regulated HFDI metabolic disorder in hepatic tissue. Transcriptome comparison showed that the improvement of hepatic steatosis for CGP was mainly related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Association analysis result revealed that Odoribacter, Bifidobacterium and Bi. pseudolongum were negatively correlated to fat and blood lipid indicators, and were significantly associated with genes and metabolites related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Collectively, these results indicate that CGP may be a promising supplement for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangzheng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bojun Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guorui Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangnv Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuju Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taihui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Wangqiu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang Y, Luo C, Huang P, Cheng Y, Ma Y, Gao J, Ding H. Diosmetin Ameliorates HFD-induced Cognitive Impairments via Inhibiting Metabolic Disorders, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Male SD Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8069-8085. [PMID: 38460078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Currently, accumulating evidence has indicated that overnutrition-associated obesity may result in not only metabolic dysregulations, but also cognitive impairments. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Diosmetin, a bioflavonoid compound with multiple biological functions, on cognitive deficits induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and the potential mechanisms. In the present study, oral administration of Diosmetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks significantly reduced the body weight, restored glucose tolerance and normalized lipid profiles in the serum and liver in HFD-induced obese rats. Diosmetin also significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors and impaired spatial memory in multiple behavioral tests, including the open field test, elevated plus-maze and Morris water maze, which was in accordance with the decreased pathological changes and neuronal damage in different regions of hippocampus as suggested by H&E and Nissl staining. Notably, our results also indicated that Diosmetin could significantly improve mitochondrial dysfunction induced by HFD through upregulating genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, increasing mitochondrial ATP levels and inhibiting oxidative stress. Moreover, the levels of key enzymes involved in the TCA cycle were also significantly increased upon Diosmetin treatment. Meanwhile, Diosmetin inhibited HFD-induced microglial overactivation and down-regulated inflammatory cytokines both in the serum and hippocampus. In conclusion, these results indicated that Diosmetin might be a novel nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence and development of obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction via metabolic regulation and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyun Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Puxin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China.
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Renton MC, McGee SL, Howlett KF. The role of protein kinase D (PKD) in obesity: Lessons from the heart and other tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119814. [PMID: 39128598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity causes a range of tissue dysfunctions that increases the risk for morbidity and mortality. Protein kinase D (PKD) represents a family of stress-activated intracellular signalling proteins that regulate essential processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cell survival, and exocytosis. Evidence suggests that PKD regulates the cellular adaptations to the obese environment in metabolically important tissues and drives the development of a variety of diseases. This review explores the role that PKD plays in tissue dysfunction in obesity, with special consideration of the development of obesity-mediated cardiomyopathy, a distinct cardiovascular disease that occurs in the absence of common comorbidities and leads to eventual heart failure and death. The downstream mechanisms mediated by PKD that could contribute to dysfunctions observed in the heart and other metabolically important tissues in obesity, and the predicted cell types involved are discussed to suggest potential targets for the development of therapeutics against obesity-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Renton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; The Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Centre for Vascular and Heart Research, Roanoke, VA, USA.
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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29
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Petersen EA, Blom I, Melander SA, Al-Rubai M, Vidotto M, Dalgaard LT, Karsdal MA, Henriksen K, Larsen S, Larsen AT. DACRA induces profound weight loss, satiety control, and increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity in adipose tissue. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:1421-1429. [PMID: 38879729 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01564-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists (DACRAs) are therapeutic candidates in the treatment of obesity with beneficial effects on weight loss superior to suppression of food intake. Hence, suggesting effects on energy expenditure by possibly targeting mitochondria in metabolically active tissue. METHODS Male rats with HFD-induced obesity received a DACRA, KBP-336, every third day for 8 weeks. Upon study end, mitochondrial respiratory capacity (MRC), - enzyme activity, - transcriptional factors, and -content were measured in perirenal (pAT) and inguinal adipose tissue. A pair-fed group was included to examine food intake-independent effects of KBP-336. RESULTS A vehicle-corrected weight loss (23.4 ± 2.8%) was achieved with KBP-336, which was not observed to the same extent with the food-restricted weight loss (12.4 ± 2.8%) (P < 0.001). Maximal coupled respiration supported by carbohydrate and lipid-linked substrates was increased after KBP-336 treatment independent of food intake in pAT (P < 0.01). Moreover, oligomycin-induced leak respiration and the activity of citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacetyl-CoA-dehydrogenase were increased with KBP-336 treatment (P < 0.05). These effects occurred without changes in mitochondrial content in pAT. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate favorable effects of KBP-336 on MRC in adipose tissue, indicating an increased energy expenditure and capacity to utilize fatty acids. Thus, providing more mechanistic insight into the DACRA-induced weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie A Petersen
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark.
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ida Blom
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mays Al-Rubai
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Louise T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
- KeyBioscience AG, Stans, Switzerland
| | - Kim Henriksen
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
- KeyBioscience AG, Stans, Switzerland
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Kim H, Kang S, Go GW. Exploring the multifaceted role of ginkgolides and bilobalide from Ginkgo biloba in mitigating metabolic disorders. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:2903-2917. [PMID: 39234277 PMCID: PMC11370650 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The ancient Ginkgo biloba tree grows across various regions, with distinctive leaves emitting a unique fragrance. Its extract contains flavonoids, organic acids, and terpenoids. Ginkgolide and bilobalide, which are G. biloba leaf extracts, offer diverse pharmaceutical benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds are crucial for mitigating neurodegeneration, particularly in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, their effectiveness in countering oxidative stress and inflammation highlights their potential to prevent cardiovascular ailments. This study also suggests that these compounds have a promising impact on lipid metabolism, suggesting their significance in addressing obesity-related metabolic disorders. In conclusion, ginkgolides and bilobalide exhibit promising effects in sustaining the integrity of the nervous and endocrine systems, along with the modulation of lipid metabolism. The diverse health benefits suggest that these compounds could serve as promising therapeutic interventions for various conditions, including neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-woong Go
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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31
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van de Geest JDS, Meijer P, Remmelzwaal S, Lakerveld J. Moderators and mediators of the association between the obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults. Health Place 2024; 90:103364. [PMID: 39357121 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess sociodemographic, personality, and psychological moderators, and lifestyle behavioural mediators, of the association between obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults. This cross-sectional study used baseline data of 150,506 adult participants of the Lifelines study. To quantify obesogenicity of Dutch neighbourhoods, the Obesogenic Built Environment CharacterisTics (OBCT) index was used, calculated for 1000 m circular buffers around participant's residencies. Z-scores of components across food and physical activity (PA) environments were averaged, and rescaled from 0 to 100. Weight status was operationalised as objectively measured waist circumference. Stratified linear regression analyses by (self-reported) sociodemographic factors, perceived stress, impulsivity, self-discipline, and deliberation were conducted when interaction terms were significant (P < .01). Mediation by adherence to the Dutch PA guidelines and dietary behaviour was examined using the difference-in-coefficients approach. Every 10% increase in OBCT index was associated with a 0.65 (P < .001, 95%CI [0.59, 0.71]) centimetre larger waist circumference. The association was largest for respondents who were younger, had the lowest income, the highest educational level, the least self-discipline, the highest impulsivity scores and the most perceived stress. Adherence to PA guidelines and dietary behaviour mediated 13.3% of this association; however, the difference in coefficients was not statistically significant. Our findings enable to better target lifestyle interventions to individuals most vulnerable to obesogenic environments. Furthermore, they provide guidance for policymakers and urban planners in promoting health-enhancing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jet D S van de Geest
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul Meijer
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Str 6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sharon Remmelzwaal
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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32
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Taranto D, Kloosterman DJ, Akkari L. Macrophages and T cells in metabolic disorder-associated cancers. Nat Rev Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41568-024-00743-1. [PMID: 39354070 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer and metabolic disorders have emerged as major global health challenges, reaching epidemic levels in recent decades. Often viewed as separate issues, metabolic disorders are shown by mounting evidence to heighten cancer risk and incidence. The intricacies underlying this connection are still being unraveled and encompass a complex interplay between metabolites, cancer cells and immune cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME). Here, we outline the interplay between metabolic and immune cell dysfunction in the context of three highly prevalent metabolic disorders, namely obesity; two associated liver diseases, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH); and type 2 diabetes. We focus primarily on macrophages and T cells, the critical roles of which in dictating inflammatory response and immune surveillance in metabolic disorder-associated cancers are widely reported. Moreover, considering the ever-increasing number of patients prescribed with metabolism disorder-altering drugs and diets in recent years, we discuss how these therapies modulate systemic and local immune phenotypes, consequently impacting cancer malignancy. Collectively, unraveling the determinants of metabolic disorder-associated immune landscape and their role in fuelling cancer malignancy will provide a framework essential to therapeutically address these highly prevalent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Taranto
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan J Kloosterman
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Ye P, Gao L, Xia Z, Peng L, Shi X, Ma J, Dong Y, Dai D, Yang Q, Chen X, Fan X, Wan N, Zhang J, Li B, Zhou L, Wu G, Yang L, Li X, Yan Y, He Y. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic abnormalities in children with different weight statuses. Public Health 2024; 235:160-166. [PMID: 39141964 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Both obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities. However, the metabolic status of children suffering from NAFLD and exhibiting various subtypes of obesity is currently unclear. We aimed to explore the association between NAFLD and metabolic abnormalities in children with different weight statuses. METHODS We included 6086 participants aged 6-18 years from the China Child and Adolescent NAFLD Study (CCANS), all of whom had undergone ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) to identify NAFLD and metabolic abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, high triglycerides (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high total cholesterol, and hyperuricemia. RESULTS Among the participants, there were 2408 children with obesity and NAFLD, 174 with NAFLD, 2396 with obesity, and 1108 without obesity and NAFLD. The odds ratios (ORs) of suffering from individual metabolic abnormalities were significantly greater in children with obesity and NAFLD than in children without obesity and NAFLD, with ORs ranging from 6.23 (95% CI: 4.56, 8.53) to 1.77 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.94). The ORs of metabolic abnormalities, except for low HDL-C, were greater in children with NAFLD alone than in children without obesity or NAFLD, with ORs ranging from 4.36 (95% CI: 2.77, 6.84) to 2.08 (95% CI: 1.14, 3.78). Notably, obesity and NAFLD had a multiplicative effect on overall metabolic abnormalities, high TG levels, and low HDL-C levels. CONCLUSIONS Children with obesity and NAFLD could be at a significantly increased risk of metabolic abnormalities. Even for children without obesity, NAFLD appears to be associated with an increased risk of experiencing a worsened metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ye
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - L Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Z Xia
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - L Peng
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Shi
- Children's Health Management Center, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - J Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Y Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - D Dai
- Endoscopy Center and Gastroenterology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Q Yang
- Endoscopy Center and Gastroenterology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of pediatrics, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - X Fan
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - N Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 68 Huinanbei Road, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 68 Huinanbei Road, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - B Li
- Department of clinical nutrition, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of clinical nutrition, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - G Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Children Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Y Yan
- Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Y He
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Ma H, Wang Y, Wei J, Wang X, Yang H, Wang S. Stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and regulation of specific gut microbes by EGCG contribute to the alleviation of ileal barrier disorder and obesity. Food Funct 2024; 15:9983-9994. [PMID: 39279449 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols have a regulatory effect on metabolic-related diseases, however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study aims to explore the dietary intervention effect of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, on obesity and intestinal barrier disorders in mice fed a high-fat diet. By supplementing with 50 mg kg-1 EGCG, we observed a significant amelioration in body weight gain, fat accumulation, and liver dysfunction. Furthermore, EGCG modulated the HFD-induced metabolomic alterations. In particular, EGCG intervention restored the ileal barrier by enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins and antimicrobial peptides. At the mechanistic level, EGCG treatment stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, EGCG significantly increased the abundance of Dubosiella and Akkermansia, along with the elevated SCFA contents. These findings suggest that the ability of EGCG to stabilize HIF1α and regulate specific gut microbes is pivotal in mitigating ileal barrier dysfunction and obesity. Moreover, serum metabolomics revealed potential biomarkers following EGCG intervention. This study supports the intake of EGCG or green tea in obesity management and offers a novel perspective for investigating the metabolic regulatory mechanism of other dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yuanyifei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jiayu Wei
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaochi Wang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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35
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Yuzbashian E, Fernando DN, Ussar S, Chan CB. Differential effects of milk, yogurt, and cheese on energy homeostasis and brown adipose tissue phenotype in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:9833-9848. [PMID: 39230108 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02201g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Aim: We hypothesized that milk, yogurt, and cheese have differential impacts on energy expenditure (EE) and obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: C57BL/6 mice (n = 16 per group) were fed a HFD or a HFD supplemented with fat-free milk (MILK), fat-free plain yogurt (YOG), or reduced-fat cheddar cheese (CHE; 19 kcal% fat), each provided at 10% of the daily energy intake, for 8 weeks. EE was quantified using a metabolic chamber. Metabolic pathways related to BAT mitochondrial function and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) abundance were assessed. Serum lipidomic profiles were analyzed to identify potential mediators of the observed effects. Results: MILK supplementation lowered weight gain and fat accumulation and enhanced EE and BAT thermogenesis, perhaps via the SIRT1-AMPK-PGC1α axis in BAT. This led to elevated UCP1 abundance and enhanced the abundance of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). MILK also altered serum lipid species, indicating enhanced energy use, and promoted BAT thermogenesis and mitochondrial function pathways. YOG exhibited a similar pattern but a lower magnitude of effects than MILK on reducing weight gain and fat mass, increasing EE, and BAT thermogenic proteins, including AMPK-PGC1α-UCP1. Both MILK and YOG showed a relative increase in serum PC 15:0_15:0 and LPC 15:0. In contrast, CHE reduced weight gain and increased EE without impacting BAT thermogenesis proteins or serum lipid species. Conclusion: Our study showed that MILK, YOG, and CHE reduced weight gain in mice on a HFD by increasing EE. MILK and YOG also up-regulated BAT thermogenesis, while both additionally altered lipids involved in fat metabolism and inflammation. CHE did not affect BAT thermogenesis and lipid species compared to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Yuzbashian
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Dineli N Fernando
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- RU Adipocytes and Metabolism, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Catherine B Chan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Arreaza-Gil V, Escobar-Martínez I, Soliz-Rueda JR, Suárez M, Muguerza B, Schellekens H, Torres-Fuentes C, Arola-Arnal A. Photoperiod effects on corticosterone and seasonal clocks in cafeteria-induced obese fischer 344 rats are influenced by gut microbiota. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22560. [PMID: 39343766 PMCID: PMC11439935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal rhythms are gaining attention given their impact on metabolic disorders development such as obesity gut microbiota is emerging as a key factor in mediating this link. However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this regard, corticosterone may play a role as it has been shown to be affected by gut bacteria and seasonal rhythms, and has been linked to obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate if seasonal rhythms effects on corticosterone are influenced by gut microbiota in obese rats and whether this may be related to seasonal and clock genes expression in the pituitary gland and colon. Fischer 344 male rats fed with cafeteria diet (CAF) were housed under different photoperiods for 9 weeks and treated with an antibiotic cocktail (ABX) in drinking water during the last 4 weeks. Rats fed with standard chow and CAF-fed rats without ABX were included as controls. ABX altered gut microbiota, corticosterone levels and seasonal clock expression in the pituitary depending on photoperiod conditions. These results suggest a link between gut bacteria, seasonal rhythms and corticosterone and a novel nutrigenomic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Arreaza-Gil
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Iván Escobar-Martínez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jorge R Soliz-Rueda
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Harriet Schellekens
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Anna Arola-Arnal
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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Yan J, Zhang P, Liu X, Pan C, Shi G, Ye P, Zou X, Li X, Zheng X, Liu Y, Yang H. Obesity modulates hematopoietic stem cell fate decision via IL-1β induced p38/MAPK signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:336. [PMID: 39343910 PMCID: PMC11441115 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is accompanied by inflammation, which significantly affects the homeostasis of the immune microenvironment. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), residing primarily in the bone marrow, play a vital role in maintaining and producing diverse mature blood cell lineages for the adult hematopoietic and immune systems. However, how HSCs development is affected by obese-promoting inflammation, and the mechanism by which HSC hematopoietic potency is affected by inflammatory signals originating from the obese-promoting changes on bone marrow niche remain unclear. This study elucidates the relationship between obesity-promoting inflammation and HSC fate determination. METHODS The obesity mice model was established by feeding C57BL/6J mice a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% kcal fat. After 6 weeks, HSCs were analyzed using flow cytometry and identified key inflammation cytokine. Transcriptome sequencing techniques were used to discern the distinct pathways in HSCs. Ultimately, confirming the biological mechanism of obesity-induced HSC fate changes via Anakinra blocking specific inflammatory signals. RESULTS Obesity caused by HFD changed the physical and biochemical properties of the bone marrow niche. In the HFD mice, the population of long-term HSCs in the bone marrow was decreased and facilitated HSCs differentiation towards the myeloid lineage. In addition, HFD increased expression of the inflammatory factor IL-1β in the bone marrow, and a significantly increased expression of IL-1r1 and active p38/MAPK signaling pathway were detected in the HSCs. Inhibition of IL-1β further normalized the expression of genes in p38/MAPK pathway and reversed HSC fate. CONCLUSIONS These findings have been demonstrated that the p38/MAPK signaling pathway in HSCs is activated by elevated levels of IL-1β within the HSC niche in obese models, thereby regulating HSC differentiation. It suggested a direct link between obesity-promoting inflammation and myeloid differentiation bias of HSCs in the HFD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School College of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengwei Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Guolin Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Penghui Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohang Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing University Medical School Afliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Chen JY, Che XY, Zhao XY, Liao YJ, Zhao PJ, Yan F, Fang J, Liu Y, Yu XD, Wang GH. Latent profiles of multi-dimensional sleep characteristics and association with overweight/obesity in Chinese preschool children. Sleep Med 2024; 124:346-353. [PMID: 39369579 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between latent profiles of multi-dimensional sleep characteristics and overweight/obesity (OWO) in Chinese preschool children. STUDY DESIGN The cross-sectional analysis included 3204 preschool children recruited from 24 kindergartens in Shanghai. Parents reported children's demographics and sleep characteristics, including sleep duration, timing and disturbances. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify sleep subtypes. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between sleep characteristics/subtypes and OWO. RESULTS Short sleep duration, late bedtime, long social jetlag and sleep disturbances were significantly associated with increased OWO. However, when considering the interplay of sleep duration and timing, there was no significant association between sleep duration and OWO for children sleeping later than 22:00. Three sleep subtypes were identified based on children's sleep duration, timing and disturbances: "Average Sleepers" (n = 2107, 65.8 %), "Good Sleepers" (n = 481, 15.0 %), and "Poor Sleepers" (n = 616, 19.2 %). "Good Sleepers" had reduced odds of being OWO (AOR, 0.72; 95 % CI, 0.56-0.93) compared to "Average Sleepers", while "Poor Sleepers" showed an increased risk of OWO (AOR, 1.36; 95 % CI, 1.11-1.67). CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that improving multiple sleep characteristics simultaneously is a promising option to prevent and intervene childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yin Chen
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Che
- Department of Pediatric, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Jun Zhao
- Department of Pediatric, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Pediatric, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Fang
- Department of Pediatric, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pediatric, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guang-Hai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Rapps K, Weller A, Meiri N. Epigenetic regulation is involved in reversal of obesity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 167:105906. [PMID: 39343077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic processes play a crucial role in mediating the impact of environmental energetic challenges, from overconsumption to starvation. Over-nutrition of energy-dense foods and sedentary lifestyles contribute to the development of obesity, characterized by excessive fat storage and impaired metabolic signaling, stemming from disrupted brain signaling. Conversely, dieting and physical activity facilitate body weight rebalancing and trigger adaptive neural responses. These adaptations involve the upregulation of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and optimized brain function and energy homeostasis, balanced hormone signaling, normal metabolism, and reduced inflammation. The transition of the brain from a maladaptive to an adaptive state is partially guided by epigenetic mechanisms. While epigenetic mechanisms underlying obesity-related brain changes have been described, their role in mediating the reversal of maladaptation/obesity through lifestyle interventions remains less explored. This review focuses on elucidating epigenetic mechanisms involved in hypothalamic adaptations induced by lifestyle interventions. Given that lifestyle interventions are widely prescribed and accessible approaches for weight loss and maintenance, it is our challenge to uncover epigenetic mechanisms moderating these hypothalamic-functional beneficial changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Rapps
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel; Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Meiri
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
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Sasaki T, Sugiyama M, Kuno M, Miyata T, Kobayashi T, Yasuda Y, Onoue T, Takagi H, Hagiwara D, Iwama S, Suga H, Banno R, Arima H. Voluntary exercise suppresses inflammation and improves insulin resistance in the arcuate nucleus and ventral tegmental area in mice on a high-fat diet. Physiol Behav 2024; 287:114703. [PMID: 39342979 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) causes inflammation with an increase in microglial activity in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), resulting in insulin resistance in both regions. This leads to a deterioration in glucose and energy metabolism. The effect of voluntary exercise on HFD-induced inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) remains unclear. To clarify the effects of voluntary exercise on the CNS, 8-week-old male C57BL6 mice were fed a chow diet (CHD) or HFD for 4 weeks; each group was further divided into running exercise (EX+) on a wheel and no exercise (EX-) groups. The expression of the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), in the ARC and VTA was significantly increased in the HFD/EX- group, with an increase of microglial activity noted, compared to the CHD/EX- group. The expression of TNFα was significantly suppressed, with a decrease of microglial activity, in the HFD/EX+ compared to HFD/EX- group. Insulin resistance in the ARC and VTA was improved with the suppression of TNFα expression. The HFD/EX- group showed significant weight gain and impaired glucose metabolism compared to the CHD/EX- group. The HFD/EX+ group showed an improvement in glucose and energy metabolism compared to the HFD/EX- group. In addition, voluntary wheel running suppressed HFD-induced inflammation in the ARC, with a decrease in microglial activity observed independently of weight changes. Our data suggest that voluntary exercise prevents obesity and improves glucose metabolism by suppressing inflammation in the ARC and VTA under HFD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Sasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mariko Sugiyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Kuno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyata
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yasuda
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onoue
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8602, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hagiwara
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Suga
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Banno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Yang Z, Li A, Jiang Y, Maidaiti X, Wu Y, Jin Y. Global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease attributable to high fasting plasma glucose in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22232. [PMID: 39333707 PMCID: PMC11437073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) brings heavy clinical and economic burdens to patients worldwide. High fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) was proven to be an important modifiable risk factor. However, the global burden distribution of HFPG-attributable MASLD has not been fully studied. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological distribution and trends of the burden of HFPG-attributable MASLD worldwide. The data source was the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Descriptive statistics were mainly conducted using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths of HFPG-attributable MASLD from 1990 to 2021, as well as their age-standardized rates (ASRs) and population-attributable fractions. Subgroup analyses were conducted by region, age group, and sex. We found that 213.48 thousand DALYs and 10.02 thousand deaths in MASLD were attributable to HFPG worldwide in 2021, with an increase of 2.96 and 3.32 times compared with 1990, respectively. Over the past 32 years, age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs) have fluctuated upward, reaching 2.45 per 100,000 people in 2021, with an increase of 81.21%. The ASDRs continued to rise in low, low-middle, and high social demographic index (SDI) regions, fluctuated upward at high levels in middle SDI regions, and were relatively low in high-middle SDI regions. People aged 50-69 accounted for the largest proportion of DALYs, while people over 70 had the largest increase of 3.73 times. Men had higher ASDRs, and the sex difference has been gradually expanding over the past 32 years, peaking at the age of 45-49. In conclusion, the burden of HFPG-attributable MASLD has continued to increase globally, with differences in geographical area, age, and sex distribution. HFPG, as a modifiable risk factor, should be given more importance. The implementation of targeted health intervention strategies is recommended for each country based on trends in the burden of HFPG-attributable MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Aolin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Yinge Wu
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Wang L, Huang JJ, Zhu WJ, Zhai ZK, Lin C, Guan X, Liu HP, Dou T, Zhu YZ, Chen X. Curcumol effectively improves obesity through GDF15 induction via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 230:116560. [PMID: 39343180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of obesity presents a formidable global health challenge, underscoring the imperative for efficacious pharmacotherapeutic interventions. However, current anti-obesity medications often exhibit limited efficacy and adverse effects, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has emerged as a promising target for obesity management, given its crucial role in appetite control and metabolic regulation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of curcumol, a sesquiterpene compound derived from plants of the Zingiberaceae family, in obesity treatment. Our findings demonstrate that curcumol effectively induces the expression of GDF15 through the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. To confirm the role of GDF15 as a critical target for curcumol's function, we compared the effects of curcumol in wild-type mice and Gdf15-knockout mice. Using a high-fat diet-induced obese murine model, we observed that curcumol led to reduced appetite and altered dietary preferences mediated by GDF15. Furthermore, chronic curcumol intervention resulted in promising anti-obesity effects. Additionally, curcumol administration improved glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism in the obese mice. These findings highlight the potential of curcumol as a GDF15 inducer and suggest innovative strategies for managing obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for the efficacy of curcumol in obesity treatment by inducing GDF15 expression. The identified effects of curcumol on appetite regulation, dietary preferences, glucose tolerance, and lipid metabolism emphasize its potential as a therapeutic agent for combating obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China; School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Jia-Jia Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Wei-Jia Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Zhao-Kun Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Chan Lin
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, No. 109, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hai-Ping Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Tong Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
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Lee S, Cho YK, Kim H, Choi C, Kim S, Lee YH. miR-10a regulates cell death and inflammation in adipose tissue of male mice with diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2024:102039. [PMID: 39342992 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue remodeling plays a critical role in obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigates the role of miR-10a-5p in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction induced by a high fat diet (HFD). METHODS Male miR-10a knockout (KO) mice were fed a HFD to induce obesity for up to 16 weeks. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to profile mRNA expression and assess the effects of miR-10a-5p KO in gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT). Additional analyses included immunoblotting, qPCR, histological examination, and validation of the miR-10a-5p target sequence using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS miR-10a-5p was highly expressed in gWAT but decreased after 8 weeks of HFD feeding. Over the 16-week HFD period, miR-10a KO mice exhibited greater weight gain and reduced energy expenditure compared to wild-type (WT) controls. gWAT of miR-10a KO mice on a HFD showed an increased population of proinflammatory macrophages, elevated inflammation, and increased cell death, characterized by upregulated apoptosis and necrosis markers. This was also associated with increased triglyceride accumulation in the liver. Mechanistically, the proapoptotic gene Bcl2l11 was identified as a direct target of miR-10a-5p. Loss of miR-10a-5p led to BIM-mediated adipocyte death and inflammation, contributing to mitochondrial metabolic dysregulation, increased fibrosis marker expression, and the onset of inflammation in adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significant role of miR-10a-5p and its downstream target BIM in regulating adipocyte death during diet-induced obesity. This signaling pathway presents a potential therapeutic target for modulating obesity-induced inflammation and cell death in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Keun Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheoljun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangseob Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Huang J, Li Y, Chen M, Cai Z, Cai Z, Jiang Z. Comparing caloric restriction regimens for effective weight management in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:108. [PMID: 39327619 PMCID: PMC11425986 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials have confirmed the effectiveness of four prevalent caloric restriction regimens in reducing obesity-related health risks. However, there is no consensus on the optimal regimen for weight management in adults. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL up to January 15, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving adults, evaluating the weight-loss effects of alternate day fasting (ADF), short-term fasting (STF), time-restricted eating (TRE), and continuous energy restriction (CER). The primary outcome was body weight, with secondary outcomes including BMI, fat mass, lean mass, waist circumference, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and adverse events. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted, ranking regimens using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve and the probability of being the best. Study quality was assessed using the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool. RESULTS Data from 47 RCTs (representing 3363 participants) were included. ADF showed the most significant body weight loss (Mean difference (MD): -3.42; 95% Confidence interval (CI): -4.28 to -2.55), followed by TRE (MD: -2.25; 95% CI: -2.92 to -1.59). STF (MD: -1.87; 95% CI: -3.32 to -0.56) and CER (MD: -1.59; 95% CI: -2.42 to -0.79) rank third and fourth, respectively. STF lead to decline in lean mass (MD: -1.26; 95% CI: -2.16, -0.47). TRE showed benefits on fasting glucose (MD: -2.98; 95% CI: -4.7, -1.26). Subgroup analysis revealed all four caloric restriction regimens likely lead to modest weight loss after 1-3 months, with ADF ranked highest, but by 4-6 months, varying degrees of weight regain occur, particularly with CER, while interventions lasting 7-12 months may result in effective weight loss, with TRE potentially ranking first during both the 4-6 months and 7-12 months periods. ADF showing fewer and shorter-lasting physical symptoms. CONCLUSION All four included regiments were effective in reducing body weight, with ADF likely having the most significant impact. Each regimen likely leads to modest weight loss after 1-3 months, followed by weight regain by 4-6 months. However, interventions lasting 7-12 months achieve greater weight loss overall. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42022382478.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Stefanou MI, Palaiodimou L, Theodorou A, Safouris A, Fischer U, Kelly PJ, Dawson J, Katan M, Katsanos AH, Lambadiari V, Giannopoulos S, Alexandrov AV, Siasos G, Tsivgoulis G. Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality under treatment with GLP-1 RAs or the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in overweight or obese adults without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2024; 17:17562864241281903. [PMID: 39345822 PMCID: PMC11437580 DOI: 10.1177/17562864241281903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Among the currently approved antiobesity medications, the glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor-agonists (GLP-1 RAs) liraglutide and semaglutide, and the dual glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RA tirzepatide have been suggested to reduce cardiovascular-risk in overweight or obesity without diabetes. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the cardio- and neuroprotective potential of these novel agents in the nondiabetic overweight/obese adult population. Data sources and methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) was performed to estimate the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in overweight or obese adults without diabetes treated with GLP-1 or GIP/GLP-1 RAs (vs placebo). Secondary outcomes included the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Results Sixteen RCTs (13 and 3 on GLP-1 RAs and tirzepatide, respectively) comprising 28,168 participants were included. GLP-1 or GIP/GLP-1 RAs reduced MACE (odds ratio (OR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.89; p < 0.01; I 2 = 0) and all-cause mortality (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.70-0.92; p < 0.01; I 2 = 0), while there was a trend toward lower cardiovascular-mortality (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71-1.01; p = 0.06; I 2 = 0%) compared to placebo. Additionally, GLP-1 or GIP/GLP-1 RAs reduced the odds of MI (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61-0.86; p < 0.01; I 2 = 0%) and nonfatal-MI (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61-0.85; p < 0.01; I 2 = 0%); while no associations between antiobesity treatment and fatal-MI, stroke, nonfatal, or fatal stroke were uncovered. Conclusion GLP-1 and GIP/GLP-1 RAs reduce cardiovascular-risk and all-cause mortality in overweight or obese adults without diabetes. Additionally, GLP-1 RAs and GIP/GLP-1 RAs attenuate the risk of MI. Since data on stroke are still limited, future RCTs are warranted to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of these novel antiobesity agents. Trial registration PROSPERO CRD42024515966.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Ioanna Stefanou
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lina Palaiodimou
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Theodorou
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Safouris
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Kelly
- Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jesse Dawson
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mira Katan
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aristeidis H Katsanos
- Division of Neurology, McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Giannopoulos
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andrei V Alexandrov
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Third Department of Cardiology, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Rimini 1, Chaidari, Athens 12462, Greece
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Wang J, Wei S, Guo J, Xie X, Sun W, Zhao S, Meng J, Wang F, Wang J, Rong R, Jiang P. Oct-B: A derivative of L-BAIBA significantly alleviating high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 734:150739. [PMID: 39357338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of obesity is a global health concern. Supplementation with (S)-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA) has shown potential in preventing obesity and related metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets. However, developing effective and low-toxicity BAIBA derivatives remains a challenging yet promising field. In this study, we introduce Oct-B, a novel BAIBA ester compound, which exhibits 80-fold greater efficacy than L-BAIBA in alleviating obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice. Our results demonstrate that Oct-B significantly reduces serum TG, TC, LDL-C, and the activities of ALT and AST, and also reduces TG and TC in liver, surpassing the effects of L-BAIBA. Histological analysis shows that Oct-B significantly decreases lipid accumulation in liver tissues, normalizes mast cells in white adipose tissue, and upregulates the expression of UCP1 protein in white adipose tissue. The qRT-PCR results indicated Oct-B alleviates obesity by downregulating lipogenic genes (PPARγ, ACC1, FAS), upregulating lipolysis related genes (PPARα, HSL) and thermogenic gene UCP1. Additionally, quantitative mass spectrometry reveals a marked increase in L-BAIBA levels in white fat, brown fat, serum, and muscle following Oct-B administration. These findings suggest that Oct-B is an efficient L-BAIBA substitute, offering a promising therapeutic approach for preventing and treating high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Jinxiu Guo
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhao
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Junjun Meng
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Rong Rong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, 272000, China; Institute of Translational Pharmacy, Jining Medical Research Academy, Jining, 272000, China.
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Zhong Y, Tian K, Zhu Y, Li Y. Chronic Pain and Obesity in Community-Dwelling Adults: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Pain Res 2024; 17:3115-3125. [PMID: 39324013 PMCID: PMC11423841 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s470855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain and obesity, together with their corresponding characteristics, are concerning health issues with high socioeconomic burden. The objective of this study is to ascertain the prevalence of chronic pain among individuals residing in the community and examine its association with obesity. Methods The present study employed a cross-sectional design and analyzed data from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to examine the relationship between chronic pain and obesity. To evaluate the potential nonlinear association of chronic with body mass index (BMI), the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed in multivariable-adjusted models. The researchers conducted subgroup analyses in order to investigate the potential influence of different confounding factors on the relationship between chronic pain and obesity. Results Our final analysis included a sample size of 13,700 participants with higher prevalence of chronic pain with higher BMI, older age, female sex, lower educational level, smoking, and other pathologies. The prevalence of chronic pain in different BMI groups was 17.0% (underweight), 11.8% (normal weight), 12.9% (overweight), and 17.9% (obesity), respectively. In the fully adjusted model, obesity was associated with a 45% increase in the risk of chronic pain compared with the normal weight. The RCS analyses revealed a nonlinear and J-shaped positive association between BMI and chronic pain (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.27-1.66, all P for nonlinearity < 0.05). The results of the subgroup analyses indicate that the presence of osteoporosis significantly influenced the relationship between obesity and chronic pain, as evidenced by a statistically significant interaction effect (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.38-3.68, P for interaction = 0.019). Conclusion The presence of obesity was found to be significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of experiencing chronic pain among adults living in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejun Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunya Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
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Ma X, Zhu PP, Yang Q, Sun Y, Ou CQ, Li L. The Mediating Roles of Lung Function Traits and Inflammatory Factors on the Associations between Measures of Obesity and Risk of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1882. [PMID: 39337223 PMCID: PMC11431809 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying mediators between obesity-related traits and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) would inform preventive and therapeutic strategies to reduce the burden of LRITs. We aimed to recognize whether lung function and inflammatory factors mediate their associations. METHODS We conducted a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Two-sample MR was performed on (1) obesity-related traits (i.e., body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) and LRTIs (i.e., acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis, influenza, and pneumonia), (2) obesity-related traits and potential mediators, and (3) potential mediators and LRTIs. Next, two-step MR was applied to infer whether the mediation effects exist. RESULTS We found that C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) mediated 32.59% (95% CI: 17.90%, 47.27%), 7.96% (95% CI: 1.79%, 14.14%), and 4.04% (95% CI: 0.34%, 7.74%) of the effect of BMI on pneumonia, and they mediated 26.90% (95% CI: 13.98%, 39.83%), 10.23% (95% CI: 2.72%, 17.73%), and 4.67% (95% CI: 0.25%, 9.09%) of the effect of WC on pneumonia, respectively. Additionally, CRP, forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1 mediated 18.66% (95% CI: 8.70%, 28.62%), 8.72% (95% CI: 1.86%, 15.58%), and 8.41% (95% CI: 2.77%, 14.06%) of the effect of BMI on acute bronchitis, and they mediated 19.96% (95% CI: 7.44%, 32.48%), 12.19% (95% CI: 2.00%, 22.39%), and 12.61% (95% CI: 2.94%, 22.29%) of the effect of WC on acute bronchitis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Health interventions linked to reducing inflammation and maintaining normal lung function could help mitigate the risk of obesity-related LRTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Yang
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Yangbo Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Chun-Quan Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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49
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Duggan C, Carosso E, Ibarra G, Neuhouser ML, Thompson B. Developing a Dietary Questionnaire for Rural Mexican Americans. J Immigr Minor Health 2024:10.1007/s10903-024-01631-4. [PMID: 39294453 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-024-01631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Latinos form the largest ethnic population in the United States (18.5%), and the majority are Mexican Americans (61.4%). Many Mexican Americans have unique dietary behaviors, yet few food frequency questionnaires explicitly define Mexican American diets. The objective of this work was to engage with a population of rural Mexican Americans to develop a Mexican American food frequency questionnaire. Because acculturation is linked to dietary intake, we also examined acculturation by diet. We used mixed methods with three phases: (1) a qualitative phase in which a sample of rural Mexican-Americans (N = 15) identified and provided rich data about foods they ate; (2) a developmental phase in which 4 day food records were completed sequentially by two new and different samples of Mexican Americans (N = 19); and 3) a preliminary assessment phase where a new sample of Mexican Americans (N = 49) completed the final food frequency questionnaire. The final questionnaire included many traditional Mexican foods and beverages identified by study participants as part of their typical diet. Traditional Mexican foods and beverages were consumed regularly; little variation in diet was seen by level of acculturation. Respondents perceived diets containing commercial sugar-sweetened beverages as unhealthful, but not those with traditional Mexican drinks, which may represent an unappreciated source of added sugar in the diet. Future work includes studies examining dietary patterns in other urban and rural communities with traditional Mexican diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Duggan
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Carosso
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Genoveva Ibarra
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Beti Thompson
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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50
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Phuong-Nguyen K, McGee SL, Aston-Mourney K, Mcneill BA, Mahmood MQ, Rivera LR. Yoyo Dieting, Post-Obesity Weight Loss, and Their Relationship with Gut Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:3170. [PMID: 39339770 PMCID: PMC11435324 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive body weight is associated with many chronic metabolic diseases and weight loss, so far, remains the gold standard treatment. However, despite tremendous efforts exploring optimal treatments for obesity, many individuals find losing weight and maintaining a healthy body weight difficult. Weight loss is often not sustainable resulting in weight regain and subsequent efforts to lose weight. This cyclic pattern of weight loss and regain is termed "yoyo dieting" and predisposes individuals to obesity and metabolic comorbidities. How yoyo dieting might worsen obesity complications during the weight recurrence phase remains unclear. In particular, there is limited data on the role of the gut microbiome in yoyo dieting. Gut health distress, especially gut inflammation and microbiome perturbation, is strongly associated with metabolic dysfunction and disturbance of energy homeostasis in obesity. In this review, we summarise current evidence of the crosstalk between the gastrointestinal system and energy balance, and the effects of yoyo dieting on gut inflammation and gut microbiota reshaping. Finally, we focus on the potential effects of post-dieting weight loss in improving gut health and identify current knowledge gaps within the field, including gut-derived peptide hormones and their potential suitability as targets to combat weight regain, and how yoyo dieting and associated changes in the microbiome affect the gut barrier and the enteric nervous system, which largely remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Phuong-Nguyen
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Kathryn Aston-Mourney
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Bryony A Mcneill
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Malik Q Mahmood
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Leni R Rivera
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
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