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Oh KK, Yoon SJ, Song SH, Park JH, Kim JS, Kim DJ, Suk KT. The synchronized feature of Saururus chinensis and gut microbiota against T2DM, NAFLD, obesity and hypertension via integrated pharmacology. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 52:278-290. [PMID: 38733373 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2350475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity (OB) and hypertension (HT) are categorized as metabolic disorders (MDs), which develop independently without distinct borders. Herein, we examined the gut microbiota (GM) and Saururus chinensis (SC) to confirm their therapeutic effects via integrated pharmacology. The overlapping targets from the four diseases were determined to be key protein coding genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and the SC, GM, signalling pathway, target and metabolite (SGSTM) networks were analysed via RPackage. Additionally, molecular docking tests (MDTs) and density functional theory (DFT) analysis were conducted to determine the affinity and stability of the conformer(s). TNF was the main target in the PPI analysis, and equol derived from Lactobacillus paracasei JS1 was the most effective agent for the formation of the TNF complex. The SC agonism (PPAR signalling pathway), and antagonism (neurotrophin signalling pathway) by SC were identified as agonistic bioactives (aromadendrane, stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, 3,6,6-trimethyl-3,4,5,7,8,9-hexahydro-1H-2-benzoxepine, 4α-5α-epoxycholestane and kinic acid), and antagonistic bioactives (STK734327 and piclamilast), respectively, via MDT. Finally, STK734327-MAPK1 was the most favourable conformer according to DFT. Overall, the seven bioactives from SC and equol that can be produced by Lactobacillus paracasei JS1 can exert synergistic effects on these four diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Kwang Oh
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Yoon
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seol Hee Song
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ha Park
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Su Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Suk
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Huang F, Gao J, Li A, Mizokami A, Matsuda M, Aoki K, Katagiri T, Kawakubo-Yasukochi T, Jimi E. Activation of NF-κB signaling regulates ovariectomy-induced bone loss and weight gain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167320. [PMID: 38936515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Postmenopausal women experience bone loss and weight gain. To date, crosstalk between estrogen receptor signals and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been reported, and estrogen depletion enhances bone resorption by osteoclasts via NF-κB activation. However, it is unclear when and in which tissues NF-κB is activated after menopause, and how NF-κB acts as a common signaling molecule for postmenopausal weight gain and bone loss. Therefore, we examined the role of NF-κB in bone and energy metabolism following menopause. NF-κB reporter mice, which can be used to measure NF-κB activation in vivo, were ovariectomized (OVX) and the luminescence intensity after OVX increased in the metaphyses of the long bones and perigonadal white adipose tissue, but not in the other tissues. OVX was performed on wild-type (WT) and p65 mutant knock-in (S534A) mice, whose mutation enhances the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Weight gain with worsening glucose tolerance was significant in S534A mice after OVX compared with those of WT mice. The bone density of the sham group in WT or S534A mice did not change, whereas in the S534A-OVX group it significantly decreased due to the suppression of bone formation and increase in bone marrow adipocytes. Disulfiram, an anti-alcoholic drug, suppressed OVX-induced activation of NF-κB in the metaphyses of long bones and white adipose tissue (WAT), as well as weight gain and bone loss. Overall, the activation of NF-κB in the metaphyses of long bones and WAT after OVX regulates post-OVX weight gain and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jing Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Aonan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Mizokami
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Kawakubo-Yasukochi
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eijiro Jimi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Zhou AL, Ward RE. Dietary Milk Phospholipids Increase Body Fat and Modulate Gut Permeability, Systemic Inflammation, and Lipid Metabolism in Mice. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)01079-8. [PMID: 39154725 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-25235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed at how dietary milk polar lipids affect gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and lipid metabolism during diet-induced obesity (DIO). C57BL/6J mice (n = 6x3) were fed diets with 34% fat as energy for 15 weeks: (1) modified AIN-93G diet (CO); (2) CO with milk gangliosides (GG); (3) CO with milk phospholipids (MPL). Gut permeability was assessed by FITC-dextran and sugar absorption tests. Intestinal tight junction proteins were evaluated by Western blot. Plasma cytokines were measured by immunoassay. Body composition was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Tissue lipid profiles were obtained by thin layer chromatography. Hepatic expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism was assessed by RT-qPCR. MPL increased the efficiency of converting food into body fat and facilitated body fat accumulation compared with CO. MPL and GG did not affect fasting glucose or HOMA-IR during DIO. MPL increased while GG decreased plasma TG compared with CO. MPL decreased phospholipids subclasses in the muscle while increased those in the liver compared with CO. GG and MPL had little effect on hepatic expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. Compared with CO, MPL decreased polar lipids content in colon mucosa. Small intestinal permeability decreased while colon permeability increased and then recovered during the feeding period. High-fat feeding increased plasma endotoxin after DIO but did not affect plasma cytokines. MPL and GG did not affect plasma endotoxin, adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. After the establishment of obesity, MPL increased gut permeability to large molecules but decreased intestinal absorption of small molecules while GG tended to have the opposite effects. MPL and GG decreased mannitol and sucralose excretions, which peaked at d 45 in the CO group. MPL decreased occludin in jejunum mucosa compared with CO. GG and MPL did not affect zonula occludens-1 in gut mucosa. In conclusion, during DIO, milk GG decreased gut permeability, and had little effect on systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism; MPL facilitated body fat accumulation, decreased gut permeability, did not affect systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Lihong Zhou
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, 8700 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Robert E Ward
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, 8700 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
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Li JX, Qu YD, Xia CL, Zhang W, Wang SS, Ou SJ, Yang Y, Qi Y, Xu CP. Analysis of PANoptosis-related ceRNA network reveals lncRNA MIR17HG involved in osteogenic differentiation inhibition impaired by tumor necrosis factor-α. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:909. [PMID: 39145884 PMCID: PMC11327206 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 1β(IL1β), IL6,Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) can inhibit osteoblast differentiation and induce osteoblast apoptosis. PANoptosis, a newly identified type of programmed cell death (PCD), may be influenced by long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) which play important roles in regulating inflammation. However, the potential role of lncRNAs in inflammation and PANoptosis during osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory functions of lncRNAs in inflammation and apoptosis during osteogenic differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS High-throughput sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes involved in osteoblast differentiation under inflammatory conditions. Two lncRNAs associated with inflammation and PANoptosis during osteogenic differentiation were identified from sequencing data and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Their functionalities were analyzed using diverse bioinformatics methodologies, resulting in the construction of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Among these, lncRNA (MIR17HG) showed a high correlation with PANoptosis. Bibliometric methods were employed to collect literature data on PANoptosis, and its components were inferred. PCR and Western Blotting experiments confirmed that lncRNA MIR17HG is related to PANoptosis in osteoblasts during inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TNF-α-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and PANoptosis in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts is associated with MIR17HG. These findings highlight the critical role of MIR17HG in the interplay between inflammation, PANoptosis, and osteogenic differentiation, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for conditions involving impaired bone formation and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xuan Li
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Dun Qu
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang-Liang Xia
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Song-Song Wang
- School of Medicine, XiaMen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuan-Ji Ou
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Peng Xu
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Li W, Jiang S, Zhang J, Xue H. Limosilactobacillus fermentum HNU312 alleviates lipid accumulation and inflammation induced by a high-fat diet: improves lipid metabolism pathways and increases short-chain fatty acids in the gut microbiome. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39129481 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet can cause health problems, such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Dietary supplementation with beneficial microbes might reduce the detrimental effects of a high-fat diet by modulating the gut microbiome, metabolic pathways and metabolites. This study assessed the effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum HNU312 (L. fermentum HNU312) on blood lipid levels, fat accumulation, inflammation and the gut microbiome in mice on a high-fat diet. The results indicate that L. fermentum HNU312 supplementation to high-fat diet-fed mice led to decreases of 7.52% in the final body weight, 22.30% in total triglyceride, 24.87% in total cholesterol, and 27.3% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, the addition of L. fermentum HNU312 significantly reduced the fat accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue by 18.99% and 32.55%, respectively, and decreased chronic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet. Further analysis of the gut microbiome revealed that on the one hand, L. fermentum HNU312 changed the structure of the intestinal microbiota, increased the abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria related to lipid metabolism, and reversed the enrichment of lipid-related metabolic pathways. On the other hand, L. fermentum HNU312 increased the production of short-chain fatty acids, which can reduce liver inflammation and chronic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet. In summary, by regulating gut microbiota, L. fermentum HNU312 improved lipid metabolism pathways and increased short-chain fatty acids, which reduced body weight, blood lipids, fat accumulation and chronic inflammation caused by high-fat diets. Therefore, L. fermentum HNU312 could be a good candidate probiotic for ameliorating metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wanggao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuaiming Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hui Xue
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Farooqi IS, Xu Y. Translational potential of mouse models of human metabolic disease. Cell 2024; 187:4129-4143. [PMID: 39067442 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Research in the last three decades has delivered a step-change in our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that regulate energy homeostasis, building on foundational discoveries in mouse models of metabolic disease. However, not all findings made in rodents have translated to humans, hampering drug discovery in this field. Here, we review how studies in mice and humans have informed our current framework for understanding energy homeostasis, discuss their challenges and limitations, and offer a perspective on how human studies may play an increasingly important role in the discovery of disease mechanisms and identification of therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Yong Xu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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7
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Quek AML, Wang S, Teng O, Shunmuganathan B, Er BGC, Mahmud NFB, Ng IXQ, Gupta R, Tan ISL, Tan NY, Qian X, Purushotorman K, Teoh HL, Ng KWP, Goh Y, Soon DTL, Tay SH, Teng GG, Ma M, Chandran NS, Hartono JL, MacAry PA, Seet RCS. Hybrid immunity augments cross-variant protection against COVID-19 among immunocompromised individuals. J Infect 2024:106238. [PMID: 39121971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection differs considerably among individuals. We investigate the critical pathways that influence vaccine-induced cross-variant serological immunity among individuals at high-risk of COVID-19 complications. METHODS Neutralizing antibodies to the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants (Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron) were analyzed in patients with autoimmune diseases, chronic comorbidities (multimorbidity), and healthy controls. Antibody levels were assessed at baseline and at different intervals up to 12-months following primary and booster vaccination with either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Immunity induced by vaccination with and without infection (hybrid immunity) was compared with that of unvaccinated individuals with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Plasma cytokines were analyzed to investigate variations in antibody production following vaccination. RESULTS Patients with autoimmune diseases (n=137) produced lesser antibodies to the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants compared with those in the multimorbidity (n=153) and healthy groups (n=229); antibody levels were significantly lower in patients with neuromyelitis optica and those on prednisolone, mycophenolate or rituximab treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified neuromyelitis optica (odds ratio 8.20, 95% CI 1.68-39.9) and mycophenolate (13.69, 3.78-49.5) as significant predictors of a poorer antibody response to vaccination (i.e, neutralizing antibody <40%). Infected participants exhibited antibody levels that were 28.7% higher (95% CI 24.7-32.7) compared to non-infected participants six months after receiving a booster vaccination. Individuals infected during the Delta outbreak generated cross-protective neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant in quantities comparable to those observed after infection with the Omicron variant itself. In contrast, unvaccinated individuals recently infected with the wild-type (n=2390) consistently displayed lower levels of neutralizing antibodies against both the wild-type virus and other variants. Pathway analyses suggested an inverse relationship between baseline T cell subsets and antibody production following vaccination. CONCLUSION Hybrid immunity confers a robust protection against COVID-19 among immunocompromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy May Lin Quek
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Suqing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ooiean Teng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Shunmuganathan
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernadette Guek Cheng Er
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nor Fa'izah Binte Mahmud
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Isabel Xue Qi Ng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rashi Gupta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Isabelle Siang Ling Tan
- Cambridge-NUS Cell Phenotyping Center, Center for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore
| | - Nikki Yj Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinlei Qian
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiren Purushotorman
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hock Luen Teoh
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kay Wei Ping Ng
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yihui Goh
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Derek Tuck Loong Soon
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sen Hee Tay
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Gim Gee Teng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Margaret Ma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nisha Suyien Chandran
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Juanda Leo Hartono
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Paul A MacAry
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cambridge-NUS Cell Phenotyping Center, Center for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore
| | - Raymond Chee Seong Seet
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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8
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Sanusi KO, Abubakar MB, Ibrahim KG, Imam MU. Transgenerational impact of maternal zinc deficiency on offspring metabolic outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 130:109669. [PMID: 38754792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Maternal zinc deficiency significantly influences fetal development and long-term health outcomes, yet its transgenerational effects remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the transgenerational effects of maternal zinc deficiency on metabolic outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster. Zinc deficiency was induced in Drosophila by incorporating TPEN (N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) into their diet. Offspring (F1 to F3) were maintained on a standard diet for subsequent analyses. Various metabolic markers, including glucose, trehalose, glycogen, and triglyceride levels, were assessed, and gene expression analyses were conducted to examine the molecular responses across generations. Significant reductions in locomotor performance in female F1 flies and increased body weight in the F2 generation were observed. Maternal zinc deficiency exhibited gender- and generation-specific impacts on metabolic markers. Notably, an adaptive response in the F3 generation included increased catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity, along with decreased malondialdehyde levels. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulation of DILP2 mRNA across generations and significant variations in PEPCK, SOD1, CAT, EGR, and UPD2 mRNA levels, demonstrating intricate responses to maternal zinc deficiency. This study provides a holistic understanding of the consequences of maternal zinc deficiency, emphasizing the complex interplay between zinc status and metabolic outcomes across generations in Drosophila. These findings lay the foundation for future research elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, with potential implications for humans. The insights gained contribute to informing targeted interventions aimed at optimizing offspring health in the context of maternal zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin 1601, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Republic of South of Africa
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria.
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Szuman M, Kaczmarek-Ryś M, Hryhorowicz S, Kryszczyńska A, Grot N, Pławski A. Low-Penetrance Susceptibility Variants in Colorectal Cancer-Current Outlook in the Field. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8338. [PMID: 39125905 PMCID: PMC11313073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent and mortality-causing neoplasia, with various distributions between populations. Strong hereditary predispositions are the causatives of a small percentage of CRC, and most cases have no transparent genetic background. This is a vast arena for exploring cancer low-susceptibility genetic variants. Nonetheless, the research that has been conducted to date has failed to deliver consistent conclusions and often features conflicting messages, causing chaos in this field. Therefore, we decided to organize the existing knowledge on this topic. We screened the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. We drew up markers by gene locus gathered by hallmark: oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, genes involved in DNA damage repair, genes involved in metabolic pathways, genes involved in methylation, genes that modify the colonic microenvironment, and genes involved in the immune response. Low-penetration genetic variants increasing the risk of cancer are often population-specific, hence the urgent need for large-scale testing. Such endeavors can be successful only when financial decision-makers are united with social educators, medical specialists, genetic consultants, and the scientific community. Countries' policies should prioritize research on this subject regardless of cost because it is the best investment. In this review, we listed potential low-penetrance CRC susceptibility alleles whose role remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szuman
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Marta Kaczmarek-Ryś
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
- University Clinical Hospital, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon Hryhorowicz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Alicja Kryszczyńska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Natalia Grot
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Andrzej Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.-R.); (S.H.); (A.K.); (N.G.)
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
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10
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Van Roy Z, Kielian T. Tumor necrosis factor regulates leukocyte recruitment but not bacterial persistence during Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:179. [PMID: 39044282 PMCID: PMC11264501 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniotomy is a common neurosurgery used to treat intracranial pathologies. Nearly 5% of the 14 million craniotomies performed worldwide each year become infected, most often with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which forms a biofilm on the surface of the resected bone segment to establish a chronic infection that is recalcitrant to antibiotics and immune-mediated clearance. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a prototypical proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in generating protective immunity to various infections. Although TNF is elevated during S. aureus craniotomy infection, its functional importance in regulating disease pathogenesis has not been explored. METHODS A mouse model of S. aureus craniotomy infection was used to investigate the functional importance of TNF signaling using TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2 knockout (KO) mice by quantifying bacterial burden, immune infiltrates, inflammatory mediators, and transcriptional changes by RNA-seq. Complementary experiments examined neutrophil extracellular trap formation, leukocyte apoptosis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity. RESULTS TNF transiently regulated neutrophil and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment to the brain, subcutaneous galea, and bone flap as evident by significant reductions in both cell types between days 7 to 14 post-infection coinciding with significant decreases in several chemokines, which recovered to wild type levels by day 28. Despite these defects, bacterial burdens were similar in TNF KO and WT mice. RNA-seq revealed enhanced lymphotoxin-α (Lta) expression in TNF KO granulocytes. Since both TNF and LTα signal through TNFR1 and TNFR2, KO mice for each receptor were examined to assess potential redundancy; however, neither strain had any impact on S. aureus burden. In vitro studies revealed that TNF loss selectively altered macrophage responses to S. aureus since TNF KO macrophages displayed significant reductions in phagocytosis, apoptosis, IL-6 production, and bactericidal activity in response to live S. aureus, whereas granulocytes were not affected. CONCLUSION These findings implicate TNF in modulating granulocyte recruitment during acute craniotomy infection via secondary effects on chemokine production and identify macrophages as a key cellular target of TNF action. However, the lack of changes in bacterial burden in TNF KO animals suggests the involvement of additional signals that dictate S. aureus pathogenesis during craniotomy infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Van Roy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA.
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11
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Ren J, Kitaura H, Noguchi T, Ohori F, Marahleh A, Ma J, Kanou K, Fan Z, Mizoguchi I. Exogenous Angiotensin-(1-7) Provides Protection Against Inflammatory Bone Resorption and Osteoclastogenesis by Inhibition of TNF-α Expression in Macrophages. Calcif Tissue Int 2024:10.1007/s00223-024-01257-6. [PMID: 39030433 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. It is reported to be involved in mediating osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in diseases of inflammatory bone resorption such as osteoporosis. Angiotensin-(1-7), a product of Angiotensin I and II (Ang I, II), is cleaved by Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and then binds to Mas receptor to counteract inflammatory effects produced by Ang II. However, the mechanism by which Ang-(1-7) reduces bone resorption remains unclear. Therefore, we aim to elucidate the effects of Ang-(1-7) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoclastogenesis. In vivo, mice were supracalvarial injected with Ang-(1-7) or LPS ± Ang-(1-7) subcutaneously. Bone resorption and osteoclast formation were compared using micro-computed tomography, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain, and real-time PCR. We found that Ang-(1-7) attenuated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TRAP, and Cathepsin K expression from calvaria and decreased osteoclast number along with bone resorption at the suture mesenchyme. In vitro, RANKL/TNF-α ± Ang-(1-7) was added to cultures of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and osteoclast formation was measured via TRAP staining. The effect of Ang-(1-7) on LPS-induced osteoblasts RANKL expression and peritoneal macrophages TNF-α expression was also investigated. The effect of Ang-(1-7) on the MAPK and NF-κB pathway was studied by Western blotting. As a result, Ang-(1-7) reduced LPS-stimulated macrophages TNF-α expression and inhibited the MAPK and NF-κB pathway activation. However, Ang-(1-7) did not affect osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL/TNF-α nor reduce osteoblasts RANKL expression in vitro. In conclusion, Ang-(1-7) alleviated LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in vivo via inhibiting TNF-α expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Ren
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jinghan Ma
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanou
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ziqiu Fan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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12
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Bosch-Sierra N, Grau-del Valle C, Hermenejildo J, Hermo-Argibay A, Salazar JD, Garrido M, Navajas-Porras B, Sáez G, Morillas C, Bañuls C. The Impact of Weight Loss on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Function in Subjects with Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:870. [PMID: 39061938 PMCID: PMC11273387 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function are implicated in the development of obesity and its comorbidities. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of weight loss through calorie restriction on the metabolic profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters, and mitochondrial respiration in an obese population. A total of 109 subjects underwent two cycles of a very low-calorie diet alternated with a low-calorie diet (24 weeks). We analyzed biochemical and inflammatory parameters in serum, as well as oxidative stress markers, mRNA antioxidant gene expression, and mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). After the intervention, there was an improvement in both insulin resistance and lipid profiles, including cholesterol subfractions. Weight loss produced a significant reduction in mitochondrial ROSs content and an increase in glutathione levels, coupled with an enhancement in the mRNA expression of antioxidant systems (SOD1, GSR, and CAT). In addition, a significant improvement in basal oxygen consumption, maximal respiration, and ATP production was observed. These findings demonstrate that moderate weight loss can improve insulin resistance, lipid profiles and subfractions, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters, and mitochondrial respiration. Therefore, we can affirm that dietary intervention can simultaneously achieve significant weight loss and improve metabolic profile and mitochondrial function in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Bosch-Sierra
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmen Grau-del Valle
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Jonathan Hermenejildo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Alberto Hermo-Argibay
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Juan Diego Salazar
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Marta Garrido
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Beatriz Navajas-Porras
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
| | - Guillermo Sáez
- Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.B.-S.); (C.G.-d.V.); (J.H.); (A.H.-A.); (J.D.S.); (M.G.); (B.N.-P.); (C.M.)
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13
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Liu MY, Liu X, Wang CY, Wan QQ, Tian YF, Liu SL, Pang DW, Wang ZG. Inhalable Polymeric Microparticles for Phage and Photothermal Synergistic Therapy of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8752-8762. [PMID: 38953881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Acute methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia is a common and serious lung infection with high morbidity and mortality rates. Due to the increasing antibiotic resistance, toxicity, and pathogenicity of MRSA, there is an urgent need to explore effective antibacterial strategies. In this study, we developed a dry powder inhalable formulation which is composed of porous microspheres prepared from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), internally loaded with indocyanine green (ICG)-modified, heat-resistant phages that we screened for their high efficacy against MRSA. This formulation can deliver therapeutic doses of ICG-modified active phages to the deep lung tissue infection sites, avoiding rapid clearance by alveolar macrophages. Combined with the synergistic treatment of phage therapy and photothermal therapy, the formulation demonstrates potent bactericidal effects in acute MRSA pneumonia. With its long-term stability at room temperature and inhalable characteristics, this formulation has the potential to be a promising drug for the clinical treatment of MRSA pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
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14
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Sandireddy R, Sakthivel S, Gupta P, Behari J, Tripathi M, Singh BK. Systemic impacts of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) on heart, muscle, and kidney related diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1433857. [PMID: 39086662 PMCID: PMC11289778 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1433857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the most common liver disorder worldwide, with an estimated global prevalence of more than 31%. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), formerly known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a progressive form of MASLD characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the extrahepatic manifestations of MASH, focusing on chronic diseases related to the cardiovascular, muscular, and renal systems. A systematic review of published studies and literature was conducted to summarize the findings related to the systemic impacts of MASLD and MASH. The review focused on the association of MASLD and MASH with metabolic comorbidities, cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, and chronic kidney disease. Mechanistic insights into the concept of lipotoxic inflammatory "spill over" from the MASH-affected liver were also explored. MASLD and MASH are highly associated (50%-80%) with other metabolic comorbidities such as impaired insulin response, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Furthermore, more than 90% of obese patients with type 2 diabetes have MASH. Data suggest that in middle-aged individuals (especially those aged 45-54), MASLD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, and chronic kidney disease. The concept of lipotoxic inflammatory "spill over" from the MASH-affected liver plays a crucial role in mediating the systemic pathological effects observed. Understanding the multifaceted impact of MASH on the heart, muscle, and kidney is crucial for early detection and risk stratification. This knowledge is also timely for implementing comprehensive disease management strategies addressing multi-organ involvement in MASH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Madhulika Tripathi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Adolph TE, Meyer M, Jukic A, Tilg H. Heavy arch: from inflammatory bowel diseases to metabolic disorders. Gut 2024; 73:1376-1387. [PMID: 38777571 PMCID: PMC11287632 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have captured the globe during Westernisation of lifestyle and related dietary habits over the last decades. Both disease entities are characterised by complex and heterogeneous clinical spectra linked to distinct symptoms and organ systems which, on a first glimpse, do not have many commonalities in clinical practice. However, experimental studies indicate a common backbone of inflammatory mechanisms in metabolic diseases and gut inflammation, and emerging clinical evidence suggests an intricate interplay between metabolic disorders and IBD. OBJECTIVE We depict parallels of IBD and metabolic diseases, easily overlooked in clinical routine. DESIGN We provide an overview of the recent literature and discuss implications of metabolic morbidity in patients with IBD for researchers, clinicians and healthcare providers. CONCLUSION The Western lifestyle and diet and related gut microbial perturbation serve as a fuel for metabolic inflammation in and beyond the gut. Metabolic disorders and the metabolic syndrome increasingly affect patients with IBD, with an expected negative impact for both disease entities and risk for complications. This concept implies that tackling the obesity pandemic exerts beneficial effects beyond metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Almina Jukic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Badoiu SC, Enescu DM, Tatar R, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Greabu M, Coricovac AM, Badoiu SE, Jinga V. Adipokines-A Cohort Prospective Study in Children with Severe Burns. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7630. [PMID: 39062875 PMCID: PMC11277113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Burns generate every year an important burden of morbidity, being a major global public health problem through prolonged hospitalization, complications, and increased mortality. This study's purpose was to evaluate the serum levels of three adipokines and to establish significant correlations with other circulating molecules and with some clinical parameters. We evaluated 32 children with severe burns (over 25% total burned surface area-TBSA) at 48 h, day 10, and day 21 post burn, and 21 controls. The serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (among nine other biochemical parameters) were detected by Multiplex technique. Significant statistical differences were obtained for resistin and leptin compared to the control group, in different moments of measurements. Adiponectin serum levels presented statistically significant correlations with hot liquid mechanism of burn, the Revised Baux score, TBSA, resistin, PAI-1, CRP, TNF-α, and triglycerides (TGLs) serum levels. Resistin serum levels presented statistically significant correlations with adiponectin, CRP, PAI-1, leptin, and TNF-α. Additionally, we found statistically significant correlations between leptin serum levels and length of hospitalization, TNF-α, resistin, adiponectin, and PAI-1 serum levels. In severely burned children, adiponectin, resistin, and leptin specifically correlate with clinical parameters and with proteins involved in the systemic inflammatory response and the hypermetabolic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Life Memorial Hospital, 365 Grivitei Street, 010719 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Mircea Enescu
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery and Burns, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.E.); (R.T.)
| | - Raluca Tatar
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery and Burns, Grigore Alexandrescu Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.E.); (R.T.)
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Greabu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca Magdalena Coricovac
- Discipline of Embriology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silvia Elena Badoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Urology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov, 050085 Bucharest, Romania
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17
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Hao J, Jin X, Li Z, Zhu Y, Wang L, Jiang X, Wang D, Qi L, Jia D, Gao B. Anti-Obesity Activity of Sanghuangporus vaninii by Inhibiting Inflammation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:2159. [PMID: 38999906 PMCID: PMC11243596 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an unhealthy condition associated with various diseases characterized by excess fat accumulation. However, in China, the prevalence of obesity is 14.1%, and it remains challenging to achieve weight loss or resolve this issue through clinical interventions. Sanghuangpours vaninii (SPV) is a nutritional fungus with multiple pharmacological activities and serves as an ideal dietary intervention for combating obesity. In this study, a long-term high-fat diet (HFD) was administered to induce obesity in mice. Different doses of SPV and the positive drug simvastatin (SV) were administered to mice to explore their potential anti-obesity effects. SPV regulated weight, serum lipids, and adipocyte size while inhibiting inflammation and hepatic steatosis. Compared with the vehicle-treated HFD-fed mice, the lowest decreases in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were 9.72%, 9.29%, and 12.29%, respectively, and the lowest increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 5.88% after treatment with different doses of SPV. With SPV treatment, the analysis of gut microbiota and serum lipids revealed a significant association between lipids and inflammation-related factors, specifically sphingomyelin. Moreover, Western blotting results showed that SPV regulated the toll-like receptor (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in HFD-diet mice, which is related to inflammation and lipid metabolism. This research presents empirical proof of the impact of SPV therapy on obesity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Xinghui Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhige Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liangliang Qi
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Dongxu Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (J.H.); (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (D.W.)
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18
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Ho PY, Chou YC, Koh YC, Lin WS, Chen WJ, Tseng AL, Gung CL, Wei YS, Pan MH. Lactobacillus rhamnosus 069 and Lactobacillus brevis 031: Unraveling Strain-Specific Pathways for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Attenuating High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28520-28533. [PMID: 38973907 PMCID: PMC11223209 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health crisis, marked by excessive fat in tissues that function as immune organs, linked to microbiota dysregulation and adipose inflammation. Investigating the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SG069 (LR069) and Lactobacillus brevis SG031 (LB031) on obesity and lipid metabolism, this research highlights adipose tissue's critical immune-metabolic role and the probiotics' potential against diet-induced obesity. Mice fed a high-fat diet were treated with either LR069 or LB031 for 12 weeks. Administration of LB031 boosted lipid metabolism, indicated by higher AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, and increased the M2/M1 macrophage ratio, indicating LB031's anti-inflammatory effect. Meanwhile, LR069 administration not only led to significant weight loss by enhancing lipolysis which evidenced by increased phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) but also elevated Akkermansia and fecal acetic acid levels, showing the gut microbiota's pivotal role in its antiobesity effects. LR069 and LB031 exhibit distinct effects on lipid metabolism and obesity, underscoring their potential for precise interventions. This research elucidates the unique impacts of these strains on metabolic health and highlights the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and obesity, advancing our knowledge of probiotics' therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yu Ho
- Institute
of Food Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chun Chou
- Institute
of Food Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute
of Food Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Sheng Lin
- Institute
of Food Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Quemoy County 89250, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Syngen
Biotech Co., Ltd., Building
A, No. 154, Kaiyuan Rd., Sinying, Tainan 73055, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Lun Tseng
- Syngen
Biotech Co., Ltd., Building
A, No. 154, Kaiyuan Rd., Sinying, Tainan 73055, Taiwan
| | - Chiau-Ling Gung
- Syngen
Biotech Co., Ltd., Building
A, No. 154, Kaiyuan Rd., Sinying, Tainan 73055, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wei
- Syngen
Biotech Co., Ltd., Building
A, No. 154, Kaiyuan Rd., Sinying, Tainan 73055, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute
of Food Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Public Health, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, 500,
Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC
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19
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Le Thuc O, García-Cáceres C. Obesity-induced inflammation: connecting the periphery to the brain. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1237-1252. [PMID: 38997442 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is often associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state affecting the entire body. This sustained inflammatory state disrupts the coordinated communication between the periphery and the brain, which has a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis through humoural, nutrient-mediated, immune and nervous signalling pathways. The inflammatory changes induced by obesity specifically affect communication interfaces, including the blood-brain barrier, glymphatic system and meninges. Consequently, brain areas near the third ventricle, including the hypothalamus and other cognition-relevant regions, become susceptible to impairments, resulting in energy homeostasis dysregulation and an elevated risk of cognitive impairments such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia. This Review explores the intricate communication between the brain and the periphery, highlighting the effect of obesity-induced inflammation on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélia Le Thuc
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Smeehuijzen L, Gijbels A, Nugteren-Boogaard JP, Vrieling F, Boutagouga Boudjadja M, Trouwborst I, Jardon KM, Hul GB, Feskens EJM, Blaak EE, Goossens GH, Afman LA, Stienstra R. Immunometabolic Signatures of Circulating Monocytes in Humans With Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2024; 73:1112-1121. [PMID: 38656918 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic complications, including insulin resistance (IR). Immune cells drive inflammation through the rewiring of intracellular metabolism. However, the impact of obesity-related IR on the metabolism and functionality of circulating immune cells, like monocytes, remains poorly understood. To increase insight into the interindividual variation of immunometabolic signatures among individuals and their role in the development of IR, we assessed systemic and tissue-specific IR and circulating immune markers, and we characterized metabolic signatures and cytokine secretion of circulating monocytes from 194 individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Monocyte metabolic signatures were defined using extracellular acidification rates (ECARs) to estimate glycolysis and oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) for oxidative metabolism. Although monocyte metabolic signatures and function based on cytokine secretion varied greatly among study participants, they were strongly associated with each other. The ECAR-to-OCR ratio, representing the balance between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, was negatively associated with fasting insulin levels, systemic IR, and liver-specific IR. These results indicate that monocytes from individuals with IR were relatively more dependent on oxidative metabolism, whereas monocytes from more insulin-sensitive individuals were more dependent on glycolysis. Additionally, circulating CXCL11 was negatively associated with the degree of systemic IR and positively with the ECAR-to-OCR ratio in monocytes, suggesting that individuals with high IR and a monocyte metabolic dependence on oxidative metabolism also have lower levels of circulating CXCL11. Our findings suggest that monocyte metabolism is related to obesity-associated IR progression and deepen insights into the interplay between innate immune cell metabolism and IR development in humans. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Smeehuijzen
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Gijbels
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Frank Vrieling
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Inez Trouwborst
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly M Jardon
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gabby B Hul
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs H Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia A Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine (463), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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21
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Nattero‐Chávez L, Bondía J, Escobar‐Morreale HF, Luque‐Ramírez M. Closed-loop systems in Type 1 diabetes and antitumor necrosis factor alpha therapy: Are currently available algorithms prepared for sudden changes in insulin sensitivity? J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13515. [PMID: 38112621 PMCID: PMC11212311 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lía Nattero‐Chávez
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupUniversidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas AsociadasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Jorge Bondía
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas AsociadasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática IndustrialUniversitat Politécnica de ValenciaMadridSpain
| | - Héctor F. Escobar‐Morreale
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupUniversidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas AsociadasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Manuel Luque‐Ramírez
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupUniversidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas AsociadasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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22
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Giannakopoulou SP, Antonopoulou S, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Tsioufis C, Pitsavos C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Panagiotakos D. The Impact of Dietary Carbohydrates on Inflammation-Related Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The ATTICA Study (2002-2022). Nutrients 2024; 16:2051. [PMID: 38999799 PMCID: PMC11243674 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential interplay between a carbohydrate diet and inflammation in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) development. ATTICA is a prospective observational study of 3042 adults free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who were recruited in 2002 and followed for 20 years. Baseline data on carbohydrate intake and inflammatory biomarker levels were collected. Participants were stratified by carbohydrate intake (low vs. high: > 190 g/day) and carbohydrate quality. At the 20-year follow-up in 2022, 1988 participants had complete data for CVD assessment. The overall quantity and quality of carbohydrate intake did not show a significant association with CVD incidence; inflammatory markers were positively correlated with an increased risk of CVD (p-values < 0.05). Chronic systemic inflammation seems to affect the CVD risk of participants who had a higher carbohydrate intake more substantially, as compared to those with low intake. Additionally, individuals with higher high carbohydrate/low fiber intake experienced a higher risk of inflammation-related CVD, compared to those with high carbohydrate/high fiber intake. The presented findings revealed that the effect of inflammation markers on the CVD risk is influenced both by the amount and quality of carbohydrate intake, irrespective of overall dietary habits and clinical and lifestyle characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia-Panagiota Giannakopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
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23
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Qian S, Wang X, Chen Y, Zai Q, He Y. Inflammation in Steatotic Liver Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets. Semin Liver Dis 2024. [PMID: 38838739 DOI: 10.1055/a-2338-9261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), two main types of steatotic liver disease (SLDs), are characterized by a wide spectrum of several different liver disorders, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Multiple immune cell-mediated inflammatory responses not only orchestrate the killing and removal of infected/damaged cells but also exacerbate the development of SLDs when excessive or persistent inflammation occurs. In recent years, single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses have revealed the heterogeneity of liver-infiltrated immune cells in ALD and MASLD, revealing a new immunopathological picture of SLDs. In this review, we will emphasize the roles of several key immune cells in the pathogenesis of ALD and MASLD and discuss inflammation-based approaches for effective SLD intervention. In conclusion, the study of immunological mechanisms, especially highly specific immune cell population functions, may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for this life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengying Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfen Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Zai
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Edvardsson Rasmussen J, Li P, Laurell G, Bergquist J, Eriksson PO. Hearing loss and its association with the proteome of perilymph, cerebrospinal fluid, and tumor tissue in patients with vestibular schwannoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14118. [PMID: 38898156 PMCID: PMC11187212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the association between hearing loss in sporadic vestibular schwannoma patients and the proteome of perilymph (PL), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and vestibular schwannoma. Intraoperative sampling of PL and of CSF, and biopsy of vestibular schwannoma tissue, was performed in 32, 32, and 20 patients with vestibular schwannoma, respectively. Perilymph and CSF in three patients with meningioma and normal hearing were also sampled. The proteomes were identified by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Preoperative hearing function of the patients was evaluated with pure tone audiometry, with mean values at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz (PTA4) in the tumor-affected ear used to delineate three hearing groups. Analysis of the PL samples revealed significant upregulation of complement factor H-related protein 2 (CFHR2) in patients with severe to profound hearing loss after false discovery rate correction. Pathway analysis of biofunctions revealed higher activation scores in the severe/profound hearing loss group of leukocyte migration, viral infection, and migration of cells in PL. Upregulation of CFHR2 and activation of these pathways indicate chronic inflammation in the cochlea of vestibular schwannoma patients with severe to profound hearing loss compared with patients with normal hearing or mild hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Edvardsson Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Peng Li
- Computational Research Centre for Complex Chronic Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Göran Laurell
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Olof Eriksson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Monarca L, Ragonese F, Biagini A, Sabbatini P, Pacini M, Zucchi A, Spaccapelo R, Ferrari P, Nicolini A, Fioretti B. Electrophysiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein in U251 Human Glioblastoma Cells: Possible Implications in Gliomagenesis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6669. [PMID: 38928376 PMCID: PMC11203726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, the acute respiratory disease which, so far, has led to over 7 million deaths. There are several symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections which include neurological and psychiatric disorders, at least in the case of pre-Omicron variants. SARS-CoV-2 infection can also promote the onset of glioblastoma in patients without prior malignancies. In this study, we focused on the Envelope protein codified by the virus genome, which acts as viroporin and that is reported to be central for virus propagation. In particular, we characterized the electrophysiological profile of E-protein transfected U251 and HEK293 cells through the patch-clamp technique and FURA-2 measurements. Specifically, we observed an increase in the voltage-dependent (Kv) and calcium-dependent (KCa) potassium currents in HEK293 and U251 cell lines, respectively. Interestingly, in both cellular models, we observed a depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential in accordance with an alteration of U251 cell growth. We, therefore, investigated the transcriptional effect of E protein on the signaling pathways and found several gene alterations associated with apoptosis, cytokines and WNT pathways. The electrophysiological and transcriptional changes observed after E protein expression could explain the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Monarca
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.R.); (A.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Ragonese
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.R.); (A.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Andrea Biagini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.R.); (A.B.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Paola Sabbatini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.R.); (A.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Matteo Pacini
- Urology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Zucchi
- Urology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Roberta Spaccapelo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology (C.I.B.), 34148 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.R.); (A.B.); (P.S.)
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26
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Rafaqat S, Radoman-Vujačić I, Patoulias D, Khurshid H, Klisić A. Adipokines and their role in acute pancreatitis. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:512-527. [PMID: 39139157 PMCID: PMC11318933 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-47515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by an inflammatory response that leads to edema and haemorrhaging of pancreatic tissue. In severe cases, it can even result in the necrosis of pancreatic tissue following activation within the pancreas. Adipokines are biologically active molecules released by adipose tissue that have a wide-ranging impact on health and disease. Adipokines are cytokines produced not only in white adipose tissue but also in the fat surrounding the pancreas, and they play a role in the body's inflammatory response. The presence of increased adipose tissue, often associated with obesity, has been linked to a heightened systemic inflammatory response in cases of AP. According to the literature, there are many adipokines. This article summarizes the role of adipokines in AP. Adipokines could be promising biomarkers for both diagnostic and new therapeutic treatment strategies in AP. However, a deeper knowledge of the signaling pathways of adipokines and their potential therapeutic role in AP is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Rafaqat
- Lahore College for Women University, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Irena Radoman-Vujačić
- University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Department of Internal Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Dimitrios Patoulias
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Second Department of Cardiology, Outpatient Department of Cardiometabolic Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Huma Khurshid
- University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Aleksandra Klisić
- Primary Health Care Center, Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Podgorica, Montenegro
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Karin M, Kim JY. MASH as an emerging cause of hepatocellular carcinoma: current knowledge and future perspectives. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38874196 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the deadliest and fastest-growing cancers. Among HCC etiologies, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has served as a major HCC driver due to its great potential for increasing cirrhosis. The obesogenic environment fosters a positive energy balance and results in a continuous rise of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, it is difficult to understand how metabolic complications lead to the poor prognosis of liver diseases and which molecular mechanisms are underpinning MAFLD-driven HCC development. Thus, suitable preclinical models that recapitulate human etiologies are essentially required. Numerous preclinical models have been created but not many mimicked anthropometric measures and the course of disease progression shown in the patients. Here we review the literature on adipose tissues, liver-related HCC etiologies and recently discovered genetic mutation signatures found in MAFLD-driven HCC patients. We also critically review current rodent models suggested for MAFLD-driven HCC study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ju Youn Kim
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Korea
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28
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Lyu J, Jiang M, Zhu Z, Wu H, Kang H, Hao X, Cheng S, Guo H, Shen X, Wu T, Chang J, Wang C. Identification of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer by proteomic analysis in two prospective cohorts. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100561. [PMID: 38754433 PMCID: PMC11228889 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the deadliest malignancy due to late diagnosis. Aberrant alterations in the blood proteome might serve as biomarkers to facilitate early detection of PC. We designed a nested case-control study of incident PC based on a prospective cohort of 38,295 elderly Chinese participants with ∼5.7 years' follow-up. Forty matched case-control pairs passed the quality controls for the proximity extension assay of 1,463 serum proteins. With a lenient threshold of p < 0.005, we discovered regenerating family member 1A (REG1A), REG1B, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and phospholipase A2 group IB (PLA2G1B) in association with incident PC, among which the two REG1 proteins were replicated using the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, with effect sizes increasing steadily as diagnosis time approaches the baseline. Mendelian randomization analysis further supported the potential causal effects of REG1 proteins on PC. Taken together, circulating REG1A and REG1B are promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the early detection and prevention of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lyu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghui Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongji Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haonan Kang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Kemmo Tsafack U, Ahn KW, Kwitek AE, Lin CW. Meta-Analytic Gene-Clustering Algorithm for Integrating Multi-Omics and Multi-Study Data. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:587. [PMID: 38927823 PMCID: PMC11201102 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene pathways and gene-regulatory networks are used to describe the causal relationship between genes, based on biological experiments. However, many genes are still to be studied to define novel pathways. To address this, a gene-clustering algorithm has been used to group correlated genes together, based on the similarity of their gene expression level. The existing methods cluster genes based on only one type of omics data, which ignores the information from other types. A large sample size is required to achieve an accurate clustering structure for thousands of genes, which can be challenging due to the cost of multi-omics data. Meta-analysis has been used to aggregate the data from multiple studies and improve the analysis results. We propose a computationally efficient meta-analytic gene-clustering algorithm that combines multi-omics datasets from multiple studies, using the fixed effects linear models and a modified weighted correlation network analysis framework. The simulation study shows that the proposed method outperforms existing single omic-based clustering approaches when multi-omics data and/or multiple studies are available. A real data example demonstrates that our meta-analytic method outperforms single-study based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kemmo Tsafack
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (U.K.T.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Kwang Woo Ahn
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (U.K.T.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Anne E. Kwitek
- Department of Physiology, Rat Genome Database, MCW, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Chien-Wei Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (U.K.T.); (C.-W.L.)
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Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN. Molecular Aspects of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Health and Disease: The Role of the Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6299. [PMID: 38928004 PMCID: PMC11204260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and lipid metabolism are two deeply interconnected and reciprocally regulated major physiological processes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow 117418, Russia;
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, Moscow 121609, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow 117418, Russia;
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, Moscow 121609, Russia
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31
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Zhang Y, Zhang P, Yin D. Association between a body shape index and cognitive impairment among us older adults from a cross-sectional survey of the NHANES 2011-2014. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:169. [PMID: 38840158 PMCID: PMC11151546 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and cognitive impairment among older adults in the United States. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed cognitive function in 2,752 individuals aged 60 and older using data from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Cognitive assessments were conducted using the Immediate Recall Test (IRT), Delayed Recall Test (DRT), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). A Body Shape Index (ABSI) was calculated from waist circumference (WC), weight, and height. The relationship between ABSI and cognitive outcomes was examined through multifactorial linear regression, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup and interaction analyses. RESULTS With complete data, 2752 persons 60 and older participated in the study. After adjusting for covariables, these results showed statistically significant negative relationships between ABSI, IRT, and DSST scores. The negative correlation between DSST and ABSI is more substantial in males than females. There is less of a negative link between ABSI, AFT, and DSST among drinkers who consume 12 or more drinks annually compared to those who consume less. Furthermore, compared to individuals without high blood pressure(HBP), those who suffered HBP showed a more significant negative connection between ABSI and AFT. CONCLUSION Lower cognitive function was linked to higher ABSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Funing People's Hospital of Jiangsu, Yancheng, Jiangsu province, China.
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32
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Plante TB, Juraschek SP, Howard G, Howard VJ, Tracy RP, Olson NC, Judd SE, Kamin Mukaz D, Zakai NA, Long DL, Cushman M. Cytokines, C-Reactive Protein, and Risk of Incident Hypertension in the REGARDS Study. Hypertension 2024; 81:1244-1253. [PMID: 38487890 PMCID: PMC11095906 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a highly prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factor that may be related to inflammation. Whether adverse levels of specific inflammatory cytokines relate to hypertension is unknown. The present study sought to determine whether higher levels of IL (interleukin)-1β, IL-6, TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, IFN (interferon)-γ, IL-17A, and CRP (C-reactive protein) are associated with a greater risk of incident hypertension. METHODS The REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Difference in Stroke) is a prospective cohort study that recruited 30 239 community-dwelling Black and White adults from the contiguous United States in 2003 to 2007 (visit 1), with follow-up 9 years later in 2013 to 2016 (visit 2). We included participants without prevalent hypertension who attended follow-up 9 years later and had available laboratory measures and covariates of interest. Poisson regression estimated the risk ratio of incident hypertension by level of inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS Among 1866 included participants (mean [SD] aged of 62 [8] years, 25% Black participants, 55% women), 36% developed hypertension. In fully adjusted models comparing the third to first tertile of each biomarker, there was a greater risk of incident hypertension for higher IL-1β among White (1.24 [95% CI, 1.01-1.53]) but not Black participants (1.01 [95% CI, 0.83-1.23]) and higher TNF-α (1.20 [95% CI, 1.02-1.41]) and IFN-γ (1.22 [95% CI, 1.04-1.42]) among all participants. There was no increased risk with IL-6, IL-17A, or CRP. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, representing distinct inflammatory pathways, are elevated in advance of hypertension development. Whether modifying these cytokines will reduce incident hypertension is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B. Plante
- Departments of Medicine (T.B.P., D.K.M., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Stephen P. Juraschek
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Lahey Clinic/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.P.J)
| | - George Howard
- Departments of Biostatistics (G.H., S.E.J.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Virginia J. Howard
- Epidemiology (V.J.H.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (R.P.T., N.C.O., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (R.P.T., N.C.O., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Suzanne E. Judd
- Departments of Biostatistics (G.H., S.E.J.), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Debora Kamin Mukaz
- Departments of Medicine (T.B.P., D.K.M., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Neil A. Zakai
- Departments of Medicine (T.B.P., D.K.M., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (R.P.T., N.C.O., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - D. Leann Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (D.L.L.)
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine (T.B.P., D.K.M., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (R.P.T., N.C.O., N.A.Z., M.C.), Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
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Wang T, Qi Y, Miyako E, Bianco A, Ménard-Moyon C. Photocrosslinked Co-Assembled Amino Acid Nanoparticles for Controlled Chemo/Photothermal Combined Anticancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307337. [PMID: 38152926 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures formed from the self-assembly of amino acids are promising materials in many fields, especially for biomedical applications. However, their low stability resulting from the weak noncovalent interactions between the amino acid building blocks limits their use. In this work, nanoparticles co-assembled by fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected tyrosine (Fmoc-Tyr-OH) and tryptophan (Fmoc-Trp-OH) are crosslinked by ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Two methods are investigated to induce the dimerization of tyrosine, irradiating at 254 nm or at 365 nm in the presence of riboflavin as a photo-initiator. For the crosslinking performed at 254 nm, both Fmoc-Tyr-OH and Fmoc-Trp-OH generate dimers. In contrast, only Fmoc-Tyr-OH participates in the riboflavin-mediated dimerization under irradiation at 365 nm. The participation of both amino acids in forming the dimers leads to more stable crosslinked nanoparticles, allowing also to perform further chemical modifications for cancer applications. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is adsorbed onto the crosslinked nanoparticles, subsequently coated by a tannic acid-iron complex, endowing the nanoparticles with glutathione-responsiveness and photothermal properties, allowing to control the release of Dox. A remarkable anticancer efficiency is obtained in vitro and in vivo in tumor-bearing mice thanks to the combined chemo- and photothermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Wang
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Yun Qi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Eijiro Miyako
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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Magaji UF, Coremen M, Karabulut Bulan O, Sacan O, Yanardag R. Biochemical and Histological Effects of Moringa oleifera Extract against Valproate-Induced Kidney Damage. J Med Food 2024; 27:533-544. [PMID: 38836511 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid is an effective treatment for generalized seizure and related neurological defects. Despite its efficacy and acceptability, its use is associated with adverse drug effects. Moringa oleifera leaves are rich in phytochemical and nutritional components. It has excellent antioxidant and ethnobotanical benefits, thus popular among folk medicines and nutraceuticals. In the present study, 70% ethanol extract of moringa leaves was assessed for its in vivo biochemical and histological effects against valproate-induced kidney damage. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I: control animals given physiological saline (n = 8); Group II: Moringa extract-administered group (0.3 g/kg b.w./day, n = 8); Group III: valproate-administered animals (0.5 g/kg b.w./day, n = 15); and Group IV: valproate + moringa extract (given similar doses of both valproate and moringa extract, n = 12) administered group. Treatments were administered orally for 15 days, the animals were fasted overnight, anesthetized, and then tissue samples harvested. In the valproate-administered experimental group, serum urea and uric acid were elevated. In the kidney tissue of the valproate rats, glutathione was depleted, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) disrupted, while oxidative stress biomarker, inflammatory proteins (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6), histological damage scores, and the number of PCNA-positive cells were elevated. M. oleifera attenuated all these biochemical defects through its plethora of diverse antioxidant and therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Faruk Magaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
| | - Melis Coremen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Omur Karabulut Bulan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ozlem Sacan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Buckley LA, Kulhanek DR, Bruder A, Gisslen T, Paulsen ME. Inflammation as a Sex-Specific Mediator in the Relationship between Maternal and Offspring Obesity in C57Bl/6J Mice. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:399. [PMID: 38927279 PMCID: PMC11200566 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is a well-established risk factor for offspring obesity development. The relationship between maternal and offspring obesity is mediated in part by developmental programming of offspring metabolic circuitry, including hypothalamic signaling. Dysregulated hypothalamic inflammation has also been linked to development of obesity. We utilized an established C57Bl/6J mouse model of high-fat, high-sugar diet induced maternal obesity to evaluate the effect of maternal obesity on systemic and hypothalamic TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in neonatal and adult offspring. The offspring of dams with obesity demonstrated increased adiposity and decreased activity compared to control offspring. Maternal obesity was associated with decreased plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in adult female offspring and decreased plasma IL-6 in neonatal male offspring. Neonatal female offspring of obese dams had decreased TNF-α gene expression in the hypothalamus compared to control females, while neonatal and adult male offspring of obese dams had decreased IL-6 gene expression in the hypothalamus compared to control males. In summary, our results highlight important sex differences in the inflammatory phenotype of offspring exposed to maternal obesity. Sex-specific immunomodulatory mechanisms should be considered in future efforts to develop therapeutic interventions for obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Buckley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; (D.R.K.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Debra R. Kulhanek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; (D.R.K.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Adrienne Bruder
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; (D.R.K.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Tate Gisslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; (D.R.K.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (M.E.P.)
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Megan E. Paulsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; (D.R.K.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (M.E.P.)
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
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36
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Geraldi MV, de Souza ÁC, Norde MM, Berni PR, Reguengo LM, Geloneze B, Marostica MR. Jaboticaba peel improves postprandial glucose and inflammation: A randomized controlled trial in adults with metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res 2024; 125:36-49. [PMID: 38493538 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The modulation of glucose metabolism through dietary sources has been recognized as 1 of the most sustainable approaches for preventing of cardiometabolic diseases. Although fibers and phenolic compounds derived from jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba) peel have demonstrated improvements in metabolic pathways in preclinical models, their beneficial effects in clinical trials remain to be fully determined. This study aimed to assess the impact of jaboticaba peel (JP) powder supplementation on glucose metabolism compared with a placebo in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A single-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 49 individuals with MetS was conducted. Participants were assigned to receive either a JP supplement (15 g/day) or a matched placebo. Anthropometry measurements, body composition, blood pressure, metabolic and inflammatory parameters, and a mixed-meal tolerance test were assessed at weeks 0 and 5. Daily intake of JP improved the area under the curve of glucose (P = .025) and the interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P = .045). No significant time × treatment effects were observed for blood pressure, body weight, body composition, lipid metabolism, glucagon-like peptide-1, inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β), C-reactive protein, and insulin sensitivity and resistance indexes. JP supplementation may be a promising approach for managing MetS disorders, potentially by reducing the area under the curve for glucose and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. This research is registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8wwq9t).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vilar Geraldi
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Food Engineering, The State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ágatta Caroline de Souza
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Food Engineering, The State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Maintinguer Norde
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Berni
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Food Engineering, The State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Mateus Reguengo
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Food Engineering, The State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Geloneze
- Laboratory of Investigation on Metabolism and Diabetes, Gastrocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Roberto Marostica
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Food Engineering, The State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Raggi A, Serretti A, Ferri R. A comprehensive overview of post-stroke depression treatment options. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:127-138. [PMID: 38170802 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Nearly one-third of all stroke patients develop depression at any time after a stroke, and its presence is associated with unfavorable outcomes. This narrative review aims to provide a synopsis of possible pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities for post-stroke depression (PSD). Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating the symptoms of this clinical condition. The treatment of PSD has been recently enhanced by innovative approaches, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, virtual reality, telehealth, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and non-conventional therapies, which might improve depression treatment in stroke survivors. Future high-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Raggi
- Unit of Neurology, G.B. Morgagni - L. Pierantoni Civic Hospital, Forlì
| | | | - Raffaele Ferri
- Department of Neurology, Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
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38
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Venetos NM, Stomberski CT, Qian Z, Premont RT, Stamler JS. Activation of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase by S-nitrosylation in response to diet. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100542. [PMID: 38641009 PMCID: PMC11126798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), produced primarily by nitric oxide synthase enzymes, is known to influence energy metabolism by stimulating fat uptake and oxidation. The effects of NO on de novo lipogenesis (DNL), however, are less clear. Here we demonstrate that hepatic expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is reduced following prolonged administration of a hypercaloric high-fat diet. This results in marked reduction in the amount of S-nitrosylation of liver proteins including notably acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme in DNL. We further show that ACC S-nitrosylation markedly increases enzymatic activity. Diminished endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and ACC S-nitrosylation may thus represent a physiological adaptation to caloric excess by constraining lipogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that S-nitrosylation of liver proteins is subject to dietary control and suggest that DNL is coupled to dietary and metabolic conditions through ACC S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Venetos
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Colin T Stomberski
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Qian
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Richard T Premont
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan S Stamler
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Vankayalapati A, Durojaye O, Mukherjee T, Paidipally P, Owusu-Afriyie B, Vankayalapati R, Radhakrishnan RK. Metabolic changes enhance necroptosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012148. [PMID: 38728367 PMCID: PMC11086854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice enhances inflammatory cytokine production which drives pathological immune responses and mortality. In the current study, using a T2DM Mtb infection mice model, we determined the mechanisms that make T2DM mice alveolar macrophages (AMs) more inflammatory upon Mtb infection. Among various cell death pathways, necroptosis is a major pathway involved in inflammatory cytokine production by T2DM mice AMs. Anti-TNFR1 antibody treatment of Mtb-infected AMs from T2DM mice significantly reduced expression of receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) (necroptosis markers) and IL-6 production. Metabolic profile comparison of Mtb-infected AMs from T2DM mice and Mtb-infected AMs of nondiabetic control mice indicated that 2-ketohexanoic acid and deoxyadenosine monophosphate were significantly abundant, and acetylcholine and pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) were significantly less abundant in T2DM mice AMs infected with Mtb. 2-Ketohexanoic acid enhanced expression of TNFR1, RIPK3, MLKL and inflammatory cytokine production in the lungs of Mtb-infected nondiabetic mice. In contrast, pyridoxine inhibited RIPK3, MLKL and enhanced expression of Caspase 3 (apoptosis marker) in the lungs of Mtb-infected T2DM mice. Our findings demonstrate that metabolic changes in Mtb-infected T2DM mice enhance TNFR1-mediated necroptosis of AMs, which leads to excess inflammation and lung pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Vankayalapati
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Olamipejo Durojaye
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tanmoy Mukherjee
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Padmaja Paidipally
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bismark Owusu-Afriyie
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramakrishna Vankayalapati
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Kumar Radhakrishnan
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
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Dahleh MMM, Bortolotto VC, Boeira SP, Segat HJ, Guerra GP, Prigol M. From gains to gaps? How Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (SARM) YK11 impact hippocampal function: In silico, in vivo, and ex vivo perspectives. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110971. [PMID: 38521455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs), particularly (17α,20E)-17,20-[(1-methoxyethylidene)bis(oxy)]-3-oxo-19-norpregna-4,20-diene-21-carboxylic-acid-methyl-ester (YK11), are increasingly popular among athletes seeking enhanced performance. Serving as an Androgen Receptor (AR) agonist, YK11 stimulates muscle growth while inhibiting myostatin. Our study delved into the impact of YK11 on the rat hippocampus, analyzing potential alterations in neurochemical mechanisms and investigating its synergistic effects with exercise (EXE), based on the strong relationship between SARM users and regular exercise. Utilizing Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, we demonstrated YK11 remarkable brain permeability, with molecular docking analysis revealing YK11 inhibitory effects on 5-alpha-reductase type II (5αR2), suggesting high cell bioavailability. Throughout a 5-week experiment, we divided the animals into the following groups: Control, YK11 (0.35 g/kg), EXE (swimming exercise), and EXE + YK11. Our findings showed that YK11 displayed a high binding affinity with AR in the hippocampus, influencing neurochemical function and modulating aversive memory consolidation, including the downregulation of the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling, irrespective of EXE combination. In the hippocampus, YK11 increased pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines, while reducing anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels. However, the EXE + YK11 group counteracted IL-6 effects and elevated IL-10. Analysis of apoptotic proteins revealed heightened p38 MAPK activity in response to YK11-induced inflammation, initiating the apoptotic cascade involving Bax/Bcl-2/cleaved caspase-3. Notably, the EXE + YK11 group mitigated alterations in Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins. In conclusion, our findings suggest that YK11, at anabolic doses, significantly alters hippocampal neurochemistry, leading to impairments in memory consolidation. This underscore concerns about the misuse risks of SARMs among athletes and challenges common perceptions of their minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Vandreza Cardoso Bortolotto
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvana Peterini Boeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Hecson Jesser Segat
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Petri Guerra
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Prigol
- Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluations Applied to Bioactive Molecules, LaftamBio, Federal University of Pampa, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brazil.
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Aliu C, Ajayi OO, Olawuyi TS, Gbadamosi OK, Barbosa F, Adedire CO, Adeyemi JA. Tissue Accumulation, Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Immunotoxicity in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Sublethal Concentrations of Hexavalent Chromium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2294-2307. [PMID: 37608130 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) is one of the stable oxidation states of chromium that has been reported to elicit various toxic effects in aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms of Cr6+ toxicity are still poorly understood. Thus, the present study investigated the tissue accumulation, cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and immunotoxic effects of Cr6+ in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. The fish were exposed to waterborne Cr6+ concentrations (0, 0.42, 0.84, and 1.68 mg/L) for 28 days, after which they were sacrificed and various organs were harvested for the determination of Cr6+ levels. Other parameters that were indicators of oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and immunotoxicity were measured. Cr6+ accumulated more in the kidney and liver of the exposed fish, especially at the highest concentration. The levels of lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation increased significantly in the exposed fish. The activities of superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly in exposed fish compared to the control. The total white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils counts were significantly higher in the exposed fish compared to the control fish. The respiratory burst activity decreased significantly in the exposed fish while the myeloperoxidase content did not differ significantly. There were upregulations of TNF-α and HSP 70 while CYP II and MHC 2 were downregulated in the exposed fish. Also, exposure to Cr6+ resulted in various histopathological alterations in the architecture of the head kidney. The results indicate concentration-dependent toxic effects of Cr6+ in C. gariepinus. The study reveals the potentials of Cr6+ to accumulate in the different tissues of fish and caused cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and immunotoxic effects in the exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Aliu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ogooluwa O Ajayi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Toluwase S Olawuyi
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluyemi K Gbadamosi
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe´ s/no, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chris O Adedire
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe´ s/no, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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42
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Fleishman JS, Kumar S. Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:97. [PMID: 38664391 PMCID: PMC11045871 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids, once considered mere dietary surfactants, now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient (lipid, carbohydrate, protein) metabolism and the systemic pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance. Bile acid metabolism and signaling pathways play a crucial role in protecting against, or if aberrant, inducing cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions, strongly influencing health and disease. No curative treatment exists for any bile acid influenced disease, while the most promising and well-developed bile acid therapeutic was recently rejected by the FDA. Here, we provide a bottom-up approach on bile acids, mechanistically explaining their biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology at canonical and non-canonical receptors. Using this mechanistic model of bile acids, we explain how abnormal bile acid physiology drives disease pathogenesis, emphasizing how ceramide synthesis may serve as a unifying pathogenic feature for cardiometabolic diseases. We provide an in-depth summary on pre-existing bile acid receptor modulators, explain their shortcomings, and propose solutions for how they may be remedied. Lastly, we rationalize novel targets for further translational drug discovery and provide future perspectives. Rather than dismissing bile acid therapeutics due to recent setbacks, we believe that there is immense clinical potential and a high likelihood for the future success of bile acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA.
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43
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Meyer M, Schwärzler J, Jukic A, Tilg H. Innate Immunity and MASLD. Biomolecules 2024; 14:476. [PMID: 38672492 PMCID: PMC11048298 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease worldwide in recent years. MASLD commonly presents as simple hepatic steatosis, but ~25% of patients develop liver inflammation, progressive fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver inflammation and the degree of fibrosis are key determinants of the prognosis. The pathophysiology of liver inflammation is incompletely understood and involves diverse factors and specifically innate and adaptive immune responses. More specifically, diverse mediators of innate immunity such as proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines, inflammasomes and various cell types like mononuclear cells, macrophages and natural killer cells are involved in directing the inflammatory process in MASLD. The activation of innate immunity is driven by various factors including excess lipids and lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and molecular patterns derived from gut commensals. Targeting pathways of innate immunity might therefore appear as an attractive therapeutic strategy in the future management of MASLD and possibly its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.M.); (A.J.)
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44
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Li Q, Byun J, Choi J, Park J, Lee J, Oh YK. Nanomodulator-Mediated Restructuring of Adipose Tissue Immune Microenvironments for Antiobesity Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9311-9330. [PMID: 38498418 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In obesity, the interactions between proinflammatory macrophages and adipocytes in white adipose tissues are known to play a crucial role in disease progression by providing inflammatory microenvironments. Here, we report that the functional nanoparticle-mediated modulation of crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages can remodel adipocyte immune microenvironments. As a functional nanomodulator, we designed antivascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 antibody-conjugated and amlexanox-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (VAPN). Amlexanox was used as a model drug to increase energy expenditure. Compared to nanoparticles lacking antibody modification or amlexanox, VAPN showed significantly greater binding to VCAM-1-expressing adipocytes and lowered the interaction of adipocytes with macrophages. In high fat diet-fed mice, repeated subcutaneous administration of VAPN increased the populations of beige adipocytes and ameliorated inflammation in white adipose tissues. Moreover, the localized application of VAPN in vivo exerted a systemic metabolic effect and reduced metabolic disorders, including insulin tolerance and liver steatosis. These findings suggested that VAPN had potential to modulate the immune microenvironments of adipose tissues for the immunologic treatment of obesity. Although we used amlexanox as a model drug and anti-VCAM-1 antibody in VAPN, the concept of immune nanomodulators can be widely applied to the immunological treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Li
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Byun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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45
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Hamilton LK, M'Bra PEH, Mailloux S, Galoppin M, Aumont A, Fernandes KJL. Central inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase has minimal effects on the peripheral metabolic symptoms of the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7742. [PMID: 38565895 PMCID: PMC10987571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence from genetic and epidemiological studies point to lipid metabolism defects in both the brain and periphery being at the core of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Previously, we reported that central inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), improves brain structure and function in the 3xTg mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD). Here, we tested whether these beneficial central effects involve recovery of peripheral metabolic defects, such as fat accumulation and glucose and insulin handling. As early as 3 months of age, 3xTg-AD mice exhibited peripheral phenotypes including increased body weight and visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue as well as diabetic-like peripheral gluco-regulatory abnormalities. We found that intracerebral infusion of an SCD inhibitor that normalizes brain fatty acid desaturation, synapse loss and learning and memory deficits in middle-aged memory-impaired 3xTg-AD mice did not affect these peripheral phenotypes. This suggests that the beneficial effects of central SCD inhibition on cognitive function are not mediated by recovery of peripheral metabolic abnormalities. Given the widespread side-effects of systemically administered SCD inhibitors, these data suggest that selective inhibition of SCD in the brain may represent a clinically safer and more effective strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Hamilton
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Paule E H M'Bra
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Sophia Mailloux
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Manon Galoppin
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Aumont
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Karl J L Fernandes
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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46
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McDonald CM, Reid EK, Pohl JF, Yuzyuk TK, Padula LM, Vavrina K, Altman K. Cystic fibrosis and fat malabsorption: Pathophysiology of the cystic fibrosis gastrointestinal tract and the impact of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39 Suppl 1:S57-S77. [PMID: 38429959 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive, genetic, multi-organ disease affecting the respiratory, digestive, endocrine, and reproductive systems. CF can affect any aspect of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. GI pathophysiology associated with CF results from CF membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction. The majority of people with CF (pwCF) experience exocrine pancreatic insufficiency resulting in malabsorption of nutrients and malnutrition. Additionally, other factors can cause or worsen fat malabsorption, including the potential for short gut syndrome with a history of meconium ileus, hepatobiliary diseases, and disrupted intraluminal factors, such as inadequate bile salts, abnormal pH, intestinal microbiome changes, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Signs and symptoms associated with fat malabsorption, such as abdominal pain, bloating, malodorous flatus, gastroesophageal reflux, nausea, anorexia, steatorrhea, constipation, and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, are seen in pwCF despite the use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. Given the association of poor nutrition status with lung function decline and increased mortality, aggressive nutrition support is essential in CF care to optimize growth in children and to achieve and maintain a healthy body mass index in adults. The introduction of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy and other advances in CF care have profoundly changed the course of CF management. However, GI symptoms in some pwCF may persist. The use of current knowledge of the pathophysiology of the CF GI tract as well as appropriate, individualized management of GI symptoms continue to be integral components of care for pwCF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth K Reid
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John F Pohl
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tatiana K Yuzyuk
- Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- ARUP Institute for Clinical & Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Laura M Padula
- Pediatric Specialty, University Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kay Vavrina
- Pediatric Specialty, University Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kimberly Altman
- Gunnar Esiason Adult Cystic Fibrosis and Lung Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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47
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Chen Z, Yuan M, Li H, Li L, Luo B, Lu L, Xiang Q, Ding S. Succinylated chitosan derivative restore HUVEC cells function damaged by TNF-α and high glucose in vitro and enhanced wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130825. [PMID: 38492705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The inflammation of chronic wounds plays a key hindering role in the wound healing process. Slowing down the inflammatory response is significant for the repair of chronic wounds. Studies have revealed that succinate can inactivate gastrin D (GSDMD) and prevent cell pyroptosis. Chitosan has anti-inflammatory properties and is commonly used as wound healing material. Therefore, we used succinic anhydride to modify chitosan and found that N-succinylated chitosan (NSC) was more effective in inhibiting inflammation. The results showed that the stimulation of TNF-α and high glucose induces overexpression of capase-1 and TNF-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and down-expression of CD31. However, the expression of capase-1 and TNF-α decreased, while the expression of CD31, VEGF and IL-10 was up-regulated significantly in dysfunctional HUVEC cells after treated by NSC. Moreover, NSC can speed wound healing, histological examination results showed that wounds treated with NSC exhibited faster epithelial tissue regeneration and thicker collagen deposition. Overall, this study results suggested that NSC has the function of restoring the physiological functions of dysfunctional HUVEC cells induced by high glucose and TNF-α, and can accelerate wound healing, indicating that NSC has good potential to be applied in inflammatory chronic wounds such as diabetic foot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwan Chen
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Mengfei Yuan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Haojing Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Binghong Luo
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Shan Ding
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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48
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Fan S, Raychaudhuri S, Ogedengbe O, Mochama V, Obanda DN. Impacts of the vegetable Urtica dioica on the intestinal T and B cell phenotype and macronutrient absorption in C57BL/6J mice with diet-induced obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109634. [PMID: 38561081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In two previous studies, we showed that supplementing a high-fat (HF) diet with 9% w/w U. dioica protects against fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and dysbiosis. This follow-up study in C57BL6/J mice aimed at testing: (i) the efficacy of the vegetable at lower doses: 9%, 4%, and 2%, (ii) the impact on intestinal T and B cell phenotype and secretions, (iii) impact on fat and glucose absorption during excess nutrient provision. At all doses, the vegetable attenuated HF diet induced fat accumulation in the mesenteric, perirenal, retroperitoneal fat pads, and liver but not the epididymal fat pad. The 2% dose protected against insulin resistance, prevented HF diet-induced decreases in intestinal T cells, and IgA+ B cells and activated T regulatory cells (Tregs) when included both in the LF and HF diets. Increased Tregs correlated with reduced inflammation; prevented increases in IL6, IFNγ, and TNFα in intestine but not expression of TNFα in epididymal fat pad. Testing of nutrient absorption was performed in enteroids. Enteroids derived from mice fed the HF diet supplemented with U. dioica had reduced absorption of free fatty acids and glucose compared to enteroids from mice fed the HF diet only. In enteroids, the ethanolic extract of U. dioica attenuated fat absorption and downregulated the expression of the receptor CD36 which facilitates uptake of fatty acids. In conclusion, including U. dioica in a HF diet, attenuates fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation. This is achieved by preventing dysregulation of immune homeostasis and in the presence of excess fat, reducing fat and glucose absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Fan
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Samnhita Raychaudhuri
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Opeyemi Ogedengbe
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Victor Mochama
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Diana N Obanda
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA.
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49
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Corona-Meraz FI, Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Sandoval-García F, Robles-De Anda JA, Tovar-Cuevas AJ, Rosales-Gómez RC, Guzmán-Ornelas MO, González-Inostroz D, Peña-Nava M, Martín-Márquez BT. Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus along with Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1988. [PMID: 38610754 PMCID: PMC11012563 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of physiological abnormalities characterized by obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and hypertriglyceridemia, which carry the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Immune and metabolic alterations have been observed in MetS and are associated with autoimmune development. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by a complex interaction of environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors and hyperactivation of immune cells. Patients with SLE have a high prevalence of MetS, in which elevated CVD is observed. Among the efforts of multidisciplinary healthcare teams to make an early diagnosis, a wide variety of factors have been considered and associated with the generation of biomarkers. This review aimed to elucidate some primary biomarkers and propose a set of assessments to improve the projection of the diagnosis and evolution of patients. These biomarkers include metabolic profiles, cytokines, cardiovascular tests, and microRNAs (miRs), which have been observed to be dysregulated in these patients and associated with outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Isadora Corona-Meraz
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.-J.T.-C.); (R.-C.R.-G.); (M.-O.G.-O.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
| | - Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
- Rheumatology Service, Internal Medicine Division, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Academic Group UDG-CA-703, “Immunology and Rheumatology”, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Flavio Sandoval-García
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
- Academic Group UDG-CA-703, “Immunology and Rheumatology”, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesus-Aureliano Robles-De Anda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
| | - Alvaro-Jovanny Tovar-Cuevas
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.-J.T.-C.); (R.-C.R.-G.); (M.-O.G.-O.)
| | - Roberto-Carlos Rosales-Gómez
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.-J.T.-C.); (R.-C.R.-G.); (M.-O.G.-O.)
| | - Milton-Omar Guzmán-Ornelas
- Multidisciplinary Health Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Tonala, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.-J.T.-C.); (R.-C.R.-G.); (M.-O.G.-O.)
| | - Daniel González-Inostroz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
| | - Miguel Peña-Nava
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
| | - Beatriz-Teresita Martín-Márquez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute of Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal System Research, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.V.-D.M.); (F.S.-G.); (J.-A.R.-D.A.); (D.G.-I.); (M.P.-N.)
- Academic Group UDG-CA-703, “Immunology and Rheumatology”, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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50
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Yang X, Wang H, Shen C, Dong X, Li J, Liu J. Effects of isorhamnetin on liver injury in heat stroke-affected rats under dry-heat environments via oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7476. [PMID: 38553498 PMCID: PMC10980765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Isorhamnetin is a natural flavonoid compound, rich in brass, alkaloids, and sterols with a high medicinal value. This study investigated the effects of isorhamnetin on liver injury and oxidative and inflammatory responses in heat-stroke-affected rats in a dry-heat environment. Fifty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal temperature control (NC, saline), dry-heat control (DHC, saline), low-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (L-AS, 25 mg/Kg), medium-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (M-AS, 50 mg/Kg), and high-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (H-AS, 100 mg/Kg) group. Saline was administered to the NC and DHC groups and corresponding concentrations of isorhamnetin were administered to the remaining three groups for 1 week. Blood and liver tissue were analyzed for oxidative stress and inflammation. The liver histopathological injury score, serum liver enzyme (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase), liver oxidative stress index (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and malondialdehyde), and inflammation index (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and lipopolysaccharides) were significantly higher in the DHC group than in the NC group (P < 0.05). These index values in the L-AS, M-AS, and H-AS groups were significantly lower than those in the DHC group (P < 0.05). The index values decreased significantly with an increase in the concentration of isorhamnetin (P < 0.05), while the index values of CAT and SOD showed the opposite tendency (P < 0.05). The expression of liver tissue nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), caspase-3, and heat shock protein (HSP-70) was higher in the DHC group than in the NC group (P < 0.05). Comparison between the isorhamnetin and DHC groups revealed that the expression of NF-кB and caspase-3 was decreased, while that of HSP-70 continued to increase (P < 0.05). The difference was significant for HSP-70 among all the isorhamnetin groups (P < 0.05); however, the NF-кB and caspase-3 values in the L-AS and H-AS groups did not differ. In summary, isorhamnetin has protective effects against liver injury in heat-stroke-affected rats. This protective effect may be related to its activities concerning antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory response, inhibition of NF-кB and caspase-3 expression, and enhancement of HSP-70 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, 25000, China
| | - Caifu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Xiang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Jiangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China.
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