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Tolonen U, Lankinen M, Laakso M, Schwab U. Healthy dietary pattern is associated with lower glycemia independently of the genetic risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Finnish men. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03444-5. [PMID: 38864868 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperglycemia is affected by lifestyle and genetic factors. We investigated if dietary patterns associate with glycemia in individuals with high or low genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Men (n = 1577, 51-81 years) without T2D from the Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) cohort filled a food-frequency questionnaire and participated in a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Polygenetic risk score (PRS) including 76 genetic variants was used to stratify participants into low or high T2D risk groups. We established two data-driven dietary patterns, termed healthy and unhealthy, and investigated their association with plasma glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia risk. RESULTS Healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, glucose area under the curve, and better insulin sensitivity (Matsuda insulin sensitivity index) and insulin secretion (disposition index) in unadjusted and adjusted models, whereas the unhealthy pattern was not. No interaction was observed between the patterns and PRS on glycemic measures. Healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with the risk for hyperglycemia in an adjusted model (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.95, in the highest tertile), whereas unhealthy pattern was not (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.79-1.47, in the highest tertile). No interaction was found between diet and PRS on the risk for hyperglycemia (p = 0.69 for healthy diet, p = 0.54 for unhealthy diet). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that healthy diet is associated with lower glucose concentrations and lower risk for hyperglycemia in men with no interaction with the genetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Tolonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Martemucci G, Khalil M, Di Luca A, Abdallah H, D’Alessandro AG. Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:327. [PMID: 38921462 PMCID: PMC11206163 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between metabolic syndrome and diabesity, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against metabolic syndrome involving integrative approaches to improve lifestyle and daily diet. The beneficial effects of foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, intestinal microbiota control, and physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined a large body of published articles involving basic, animal, and human studie, as well as recent guidelines. As a result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, along with physical exercise, are promising complementary therapies to delay or prevent the onset of metabolic syndrome and counteract diabesity and cardiovascular diseases, as well as to protect against neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive decline. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota reduces the risks associated with MS, improves diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, the estimation of dietary polyphenol intake is inconclusive and requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and reduced calorie intake can improve metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
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Fan C, Wang W, Wang S, Zhou W, Ling L. Multiple dietary patterns and the association between long-term air pollution exposure with type 2 diabetes risk: Findings from UK Biobank cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116274. [PMID: 38564865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of modifying effect of various dietary patterns (DPs) on risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) induced by long-term exposure to air pollution (AP) is still rather lacking, which therefore we aimed to explore in this study. METHODS We included 78,230 UK Biobank participants aged 40-70 years with at least 2 typical 24-hour dietary assessments and without baseline diabetes. The annual average concentration of particulate matter with diameter micrometers ≤2.5 (PM2.5) and ≤10 (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOX) estimated by land use regression model was the alternative proxy of long-term AP exposure. Three well-known prior DPs such as Mediterranean diet (MED), dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet (DASH), and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), as well as three posterior DPs derived by the rank reduced regression model were used to capture participants' dietary habits. Cox regression models were used to estimate AP-T2D and DP-T2D associations. Modifying effect of DPs on AP-T2D association was assessed using stratified analysis and heterogeneity test. RESULTS During a median follow-up 12.19 years, 1,693 participants developed T2D. PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and NOX significantly increased the T2D risk (P <0.05), with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for per interquartile range increase being 1.09 (1.02,1.15), 1.04 (1.00, 1.09), 1.11 (1.04, 1.18), and 1.08 (1.03, 1.14), respectively. Comparing high with low adherence, healthy DPs were associated with a 14-41% lower T2D risk. Participants with high adherence to MED, DASH, and anti-EDIP, alongside the posterior anti-oxidative dietary pattern (AODP) had attenuated and statistically non-significant NO2-T2D and NOX-T2D associations (Pmodify <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Multiple forms of healthy DPs help reduce the T2D risk associated with long-term exposure to NO2 and NOX. Our findings indicate that adherence to healthy DPs is a feasible T2D prevention strategy for people long-term suffering from NO2 and NOX pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shanze Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wensu Zhou
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Division of Clinical Research Design, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Taylor RM, Haslam RL, Herbert J, Whatnall MC, Trijsburg L, de Vries JHM, Josefsson MS, Koochek A, Nowicka P, Neuman N, Clarke ED, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:35-50. [PMID: 38129766 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. RESULTS Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Taylor
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimee Herbert
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Neuman
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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Hlaing-Hlaing H, Dolja-Gore X, Tavener M, Hure AJ. Longitudinal analysis of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 and incident non-communicable diseases over 15 years in the 1973-1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:143-155. [PMID: 37470131 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
In studies that contain repeated measures of variables, longitudinal analysis accounting for time-varying covariates is one of the options. We aimed to explore longitudinal association between diet quality (DQ) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Participants from the 1973-1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) were included, if they; responded to survey 3 (S3, 2003, aged 25-30 years) and at least one survey between survey 4 (S4, 2006) and survey 8 (S8, 2018), were free of NCDs at or before S3, and provided dietary data at S3 or S5. Outcomes were coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HT), asthma, cancer (except skin cancer), diabetes mellitus (DM), depression and/or anxiety, and multimorbidity (MM). Longitudinal modelling using generalised estimation equation (GEE) approach with time-invariant (S4), time-varying (S4-S8) and lagged (S3-S7) covariates were performed. The mean (± standard deviation) of Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) of participants (n = 8022) was 51·6 ± 11·0 (range: 19-91). Compared to women with the lowest DQ (AHEI-2010 quintile 1), those in quintile 5 had reduced odds of NCDs in time-invariant model (asthma: OR (95 % CI): 0·77 (0·62-0·96), time-varying model (HT: 0·71 (0·50-0·99); asthma: 0·62 (0·51-0·76); and MM: 0·75 (0·58-0·97) and lagged model (HT: 0·67 (0·49-0·91); and asthma: 0·70 (0·57-0·85). Temporal associations between diet and some NCDs were more prominent in lagged GEE analyses. Evidence of diet as NCD prevention in women aged 25-45 years is evolving, and more studies that consider different longitudinal analyses are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlaing Hlaing-Hlaing
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW2305, Australia
| | - Xenia Dolja-Gore
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW2305, Australia
| | - Meredith Tavener
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW2305, Australia
| | - Alexis J Hure
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW2305, Australia
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Lee DH, Jin Q, Shi N, Wang F, Bever AM, Liang L, Hu FB, Song M, Zeleznik OA, Zhang X, Joshi A, Wu K, Jeon JY, Meyerhardt JA, Chan AT, Eliassen AH, Clish C, Clinton SK, Giovannucci EL, Li J, Tabung FK. The metabolic potential of inflammatory and insulinaemic dietary patterns and risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2024; 67:88-101. [PMID: 37816982 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diets with higher inflammatory and insulinaemic potential have been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. However, it remains unknown whether plasma metabolomic profiles related to proinflammatory/hyperinsulinaemic diets and to inflammatory/insulin biomarkers are associated with type 2 diabetes risk. METHODS We analysed 6840 participants from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study to identify the plasma metabolome related to empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), four circulating inflammatory biomarkers and C-peptide. Dietary intakes were assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. Plasma metabolomic profiling was conducted by LC-MS/MS. Metabolomic signatures were derived using elastic net regression. Multivariable Cox regression was used to examine associations of the metabolomic profiles with type 2 diabetes risk. RESULTS We identified 27 metabolites commonly associated with both EDIP and inflammatory biomarker z score and 21 commonly associated with both EDIH and C-peptide. Higher metabolomic dietary inflammatory potential (MDIP), reflecting higher metabolic potential of both an inflammatory dietary pattern and circulating inflammatory biomarkers, was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. The HR comparing highest vs lowest quartiles of MDIP was 3.26 (95% CI 2.39, 4.44). We observed a strong positive association with type 2 diabetes risk for the metabolomic signature associated with EDIP-only (HR 3.75; 95% CI 2.71, 5.17) or inflammatory biomarkers-only (HR 4.07; 95% CI 2.91, 5.69). In addition, higher metabolomic dietary index for hyperinsulinaemia (MDIH), reflecting higher metabolic potential of both an insulinaemic dietary pattern and circulating C-peptide, was associated with greater type 2 diabetes risk (HR 3.00; 95% CI 2.22, 4.06); further associations with type 2 diabetes were HR 2.79 (95% CI 2.07, 3.76) for EDIH-only signature and HR 3.89 (95% CI 2.82, 5.35) for C-peptide-only signature. The diet scores were significantly associated with risk, although adjustment for the corresponding metabolomic signature scores attenuated the associations with type 2 diabetes, these remained significant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The metabolomic signatures reflecting proinflammatory or hyperinsulinaemic diets and related biomarkers were positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk, supporting that these dietary patterns may influence type 2 diabetes risk via the regulation of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Moyes College of Education, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ni Shi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fenglei Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alaina M Bever
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oana A Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit Joshi
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Y Jeon
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Lan T, Liu B, Bao W, Thorne PS. Identification of PCB congeners and their thresholds associated with diabetes using decision tree analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18322. [PMID: 37884570 PMCID: PMC10603165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the potential combined effects of multiple PCB congeners on diabetes. To address this gap, we used data from 1244 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. We used (1) classification trees to identify serum PCB congeners and their thresholds associated with diabetes; and (2) logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of diabetes with combined PCB congeners. Of the 40 PCB congeners examined, PCB 126 has the strongest association with diabetes. The adjusted OR of diabetes comparing PCB 126 > 0.025 to ≤ 0.025 ng/g was 2.14 (95% CI 1.30-3.53). In the subpopulation with PCB 126 > 0.025 ng/g, a lower PCB 101 concentration was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (comparing PCB 101 < 0.72 to ≥ 0.72 ng/g, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.27-8.55). In the subpopulation with PCB 126 > 0.025 & PCB 101 < 0.72 ng/g, a higher PCB 49 concentration was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (comparing PCB 49 > 0.65 to ≤ 0.65 ng/g, OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.06-7.35). This nationally representative study provided new insights into the combined associations of PCBs with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Lan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Buyun Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Human Toxicology Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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8
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Crawford B, Steck SE, Sandler DP, Merchant AT, Woo JMP, Park YMM. Dietary patterns, socioeconomic disparities, and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Sister Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 204:110906. [PMID: 37708977 PMCID: PMC10624134 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the role of socioeconomic disparities in the association between diet and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS We used prospective data from 40,243 Sister Study participants aged 35 to 74 years who were enrolled in 2003-2009. Scores for healthy eating indices (alternate Mediterranean diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, alternative Healthy Eating Index, and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)) were calculated using data from a 110-item food frequency questionnaire completed at enrollment. Incident T2D was defined based on self-reported physician's diagnosis or use of anti-diabetic medications. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We observed inverse associations between all four dietary indices and incident T2D after multivariable adjustment. These associations were most pronounced among women with higher educational attainment, higher income, and lower area deprivation index (ADI) (e.g., for the HEI-2015: low ADI, aHRQ4vsQ1: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.56 vs high ADI, aHRQ4vsQ1: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.90; pinteraction: 0.0007). CONCLUSIONS Weaker associations among women with lower socioeconomic status and higher neighborhood deprivation suggests that other factors play a larger role in T2D incidence than diet quality among individuals with low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Crawford
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jennifer M P Woo
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Yong-Moon Mark Park
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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Namaki M, Hashemian M, Arj A, Poustchi H, Roshandel G, Loghman AH, Sepanlou SG, Pourshams A, Khoshnia M, Gharavi A, Abdolahi N, Besharat S, Hekmatdoost A, Brennan P, Dawsey SM, Kamangar F, Boffetta P, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R, Sheikh M. Diet Quality and Subsequent Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: Results from the Golestan Cohort Study. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:489-498. [PMID: 38310404 PMCID: PMC10862059 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests overall diet quality, as assessed by dietary scores, may play a role in the development of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers. However, the existing dietary scores are derived from high-income countries with different dietary habits than regions with the highest burden of UGI cancers, where limited data is available. This study aimed to investigate the association between overall diet quality and risk of esophageal and stomach cancers in a high-risk region for UGI cancers. METHODS We recruited 50045 individuals aged 40-75 between 2004-2008 from northeastern Iran and followed them annually through July 2020. Data on demographics, diet, and various exposures were collected using validated questionnaires. Diet quality was assessed by calculating the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternative Mediterranean Diet (AMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and World Cancer Research Fund-American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF-AICR) scores. RESULTS During an average 12 years of follow-up, 359 participants developed esophageal cancer and 358 developed stomach cancer. After adjustments, each standard deviation increase in baseline dietary scores was associated with up to 12% reduction in esophageal cancer risk and up to 17% reduction in stomach cancer risk. Esophageal cancer showed stronger inverse associations with adherence to AMED (HRQ4-vs-Q1=0.69 (0.49-0.98), P-trend=0.038). Stomach cancer showed stronger inverse correlation with WCRF-AICR (HRQ4-vs-Q1=0.58 (0.41-0.83), P-trend=0.004), and DASH (HRC4-vs-C1=0.72 (0.54-0.96), P-trend=0.041). These associations were comparable across different population subgroups. We did not observe significant associations between HEI and AHEI scores and UGI cancers in this population. CONCLUSION Despite the differences in consuming individual food groups, adherence to the available dietary recommendations (derived from high-income countries) was associated with lower risk for subsequent esophageal and gastric cancers in this high-risk population. Educating the public to have a healthy eating pattern might be an effective strategy towards prevention of UGI cancers in high-risk regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Namaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Art and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, New York, USA
| | - Abbas Arj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Department of Biology, School of Art and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, New York, USA
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Loghman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sadaf G. Sepanlou
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolsamad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Abdolahi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sima Besharat
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sheikh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Mahgoub MO, Ali II, Adeghate JO, Tekes K, Kalász H, Adeghate EA. An Update on the Molecular and Cellular Basis of Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119328. [PMID: 37298274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic illness with an increasing global prevalence. More than 537 million cases of diabetes were reported worldwide in 2021, and the number is steadily increasing. The worldwide number of people suffering from DM is projected to reach 783 million in 2045. In 2021 alone, more than USD 966 billion was spent on the management of DM. Reduced physical activity due to urbanization is believed to be the major cause of the increase in the incidence of the disease, as it is associated with higher rates of obesity. Diabetes poses a risk for chronic complications such as nephropathy, angiopathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. Hence, the successful management of blood glucose is the cornerstone of DM therapy. The effective management of the hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes includes physical exercise, diet and therapeutic interventions (insulin, biguanides, second generation sulfonylureas, glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, amylin mimetics, meglitinides, α-glucosidase inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and bile acid sequestrants). The optimal and timely treatment of DM improves the quality of life and reduces the severe burden of the disease for patients. Genetic testing, examining the roles of different genes involved in the pathogenesis of DM, may also help to achieve optimal DM management in the future by reducing the incidence of DM and by enhancing the use of individualized treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omer Mahgoub
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Khawarizmi International College, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 25669, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ifrah Ismail Ali
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jennifer O Adeghate
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
- Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 635 W. 165th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kornélia Tekes
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Huba Kalász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ernest A Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Lan T, Liu B, Bao W, Thorne PS. Identification of PCB Congeners and their Thresholds associated with Diabetes using Decision Tree Analysis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2845995. [PMID: 37205460 PMCID: PMC10187404 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2845995/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the potential combined effects of multiple PCB congeners on diabetes. To address this gap, we used data from 1244 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. We used 1) classification trees to identify serum PCB congeners and their thresholds associated with diabetes; and 2) logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of diabetes with combined PCB congeners. Of the 40 PCB congeners examined, PCB 126 has the strongest association with diabetes. The adjusted OR of diabetes comparing PCB 126 > 0.025 to ≤ 0.025 ng/g was 2.14 (95% CI 1.30-3.53). In the subpopulation with PCB 126 > 0.025 ng/g, a lower PCB 101 concentration was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (comparing PCB 101 < 0.72 to ≥ 0.72 ng/g, OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.27-8.55). In the subpopulation with PCB 126 > 0.025&PCB 101 < 0.72 ng/g, a higher PCB 49 concentration was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (comparing PCB 49 > 0.65 to ≤ 0.65 ng/g, OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.06-7.35). This nationally representative study provided new insights into the combined associations of PCBs with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Lan
- University of Iowa College of Public Health
| | - Buyun Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China
| | - Wei Bao
- University of Science and Technology of China
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12
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Glenn AJ, Li J, Lo K, Jenkins DJ, Boucher BA, Hanley AJ, Kendall CW, Shadyab AH, Tinker LF, Chessler SD, Howard BV, Liu S, Sievenpiper JL. The Portfolio Diet and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the Women's Health Initiative Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:28-37. [PMID: 36162007 PMCID: PMC9797645 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A plant-based dietary pattern, the Portfolio Diet, has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, no study has evaluated the association of this diet with incident type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This analysis included 145,299 postmenopausal women free of diabetes at baseline in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Trials and Observational Study from 1993 to 2021. Adherence to the diet was assessed with a score based on six components (high in plant protein [soy and pulses], nuts, viscous fiber, plant sterols, and monounsaturated fat and low in saturated fat and cholesterol) determined from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of the association of the Portfolio Diet, alongside the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diets, with incident type 2 diabetes, with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Over a mean follow-up of 16.0 years, 13,943 cases of incident type 2 diabetes were identified. In comparisons of the highest with the lowest quintiles of adherence, the HRs for risk of incident type 2 diabetes were 0.77 (95% CI 0.72, 0.82) for the Portfolio Diet, 0.69 (0.64, 0.73) for the DASH diet, and 0.78 (0.74, 0.83) for the Mediterranean diet. These findings were attenuated by 10% after additional adjustment for BMI. CONCLUSIONS Greater adherence to the plant-predominant Portfolio, DASH, and Mediterranean diets was prospectively associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Glenn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jie Li
- Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Kenneth Lo
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - David J.A. Jenkins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beatrice A. Boucher
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony J. Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cyril W.C. Kendall
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Lesley F. Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Steven D. Chessler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Barbara V. Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
- Georgetown/Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - John L. Sievenpiper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hlaing-Hlaing H, Dolja-Gore X, Tavener M, James EL, Hure AJ. Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 and Incident Non-Communicable Diseases: Findings from a 15-Year follow up of Women from the 1973–78 Cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204403. [PMID: 36297087 PMCID: PMC9611717 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and multimorbidity (≥two chronic conditions), are increasing globally. Diet is a risk factor for some NCDs. We aimed to investigate the association between diet quality (DQ) and incident NCDs. Participants were from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health 1973–78 cohort with no NCD and completed dietary data at survey 3 (2003, aged 25–30 years) who responded to at least one survey between survey 4 (2006) and survey 8 (2018). DQ was measured by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). Outcomes included coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HT), asthma, cancer (excluding skin cancer), diabetes mellitus (DM), depression and/or anxiety, multimorbidity, and all-cause mortality. Repeated cross-sectional multivariate logistic regressions were performed to investigate the association between baseline DQ and NCDs over 15 years. The AHEI-2010 mean (±sd) for participants (n = 8017) was 51.6 ± 11.0 (range: 19–91). There was an inverse association between AHEI-2010 and incident asthma at survey 4 (ORQ5–Q1: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.99). Baseline DQ did not predict the occurrence of any NCDs or multimorbidity between the ages of 25–45 years. Further well-planned, large prospective studies conducted in young women are needed to explore dietary risk factors before the establishment of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlaing Hlaing-Hlaing
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Xenia Dolja-Gore
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Meredith Tavener
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Erica L. James
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Alexis J. Hure
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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Esfandiar Z, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Diet quality indices and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/5/e002818. [PMID: 36113887 PMCID: PMC9486228 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the prospective association between diet quality and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eligible adults (n=7268) were selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 6.6 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Dietary pattern scores were calculated for the Healthy Eating Index 2015, Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the development of T2D in relation to diet quality. RESULTS This study was conducted on 3265 men and 4003 women aged 42.4±14.6 and 40.6±13.5 years, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, all three diet quality scores were not associated with risk of T2D. Among individual components of the examined dietary patterns, risk of T2D increased from quartiles 1 to 4 for sodium intake (HR (95% CI) 1.00, 0.97 (0.75 to 1.25), 1.17 (0.92 to 1.49), 1.28 (1.01 to 1.62), Ptrend<0.01) and decreased from quartiles 1 to 4 for red meat intake (HR (95% CI) 1.00, 0.91 (0.72 to 1.14), 0.75 (0.58 to 0.95), 0.85 (0.67 to 1.08), Ptrend<0.01). CONCLUSION This study emphasizes a potentially protective relationship of moderate red meat intake against development of T2D; also higher intake of sodium is related to risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Esfandiar
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xu F, Earp JE, Adami A, Weidauer L, Greene GW. The Relationship of Physical Activity and Dietary Quality and Diabetes Prevalence in US Adults: Findings from NHANES 2011-2018. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163324. [PMID: 36014830 PMCID: PMC9414710 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relationship of physical activity and/or dietary quality and diabetes prevalence in the general population and within specific age groups. It was a cross-sectional study using 2011−2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Patterns Equivalents data (n = 15,674). Physical activity was measured by Global Physical Activity questionnaire; dietary quality was analyzed using the Healthy Eating Index 2015; diabetes prevalence was determined by reported diagnosis and glycohemoglobin or fasting glucose. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression adjusted for demographic variables and weight status. Results revealed that although no statistically significant or non-substantial relationships were observed between dietary quality or physical activity and diabetes prevalence, respondents who did not meet physical activity recommendations regardless of dietary quality had a higher odds of diabetes prevalence than those who met physical activity recommendations and had a higher dietary quality (p < 0.05). In conclusion, meeting physical activity recommendations is an important protective factor for diabetes especially in combination with a higher quality diet. A healthy lifestyle appears to have the greater impact on diabetes prevention in middle-aged men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xu
- School of Education, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacob E. Earp
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alessandra Adami
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Lee Weidauer
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Geoffrey W. Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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16
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Ako AA, Michael YL, Robinson LF, Wactawski-Wende J, Shadyab AH, Garcia L, Nriagu BN, Saquib N, Nassir R, Liu S, Wallace RB. Gallbladder Disease and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Postmenopausal Women: A Women's Health Initiative Study. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:1374-1382. [PMID: 35434732 PMCID: PMC9989352 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that adults with gallbladder disease have increased risk of type 2 diabetes. This prospective cohort study assessed the risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women with gallbladder disease. Data from women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative from 1993 to 2005, aged 50-79 years (mean = 63.2; standard deviation, 7.2), were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the risk of type 2 diabetes associated with gallbladder disease. There were 8,896 new cases of type 2 diabetes after 1,025,486 person-years of follow-up. Gallbladder disease was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38,1.67). The observed risk of type 2 diabetes in women with both gallbladder disease and central obesity was 37% higher than expected (relative excess risk due to interaction = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.11,0.63) on the additive scale. The hazard ratios for type 2 diabetes associated with gallbladder disease were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.19,1.32) and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.34,1.63) in women with and without central obesity, respectively, on the multiplicative scale. Results of this study support further studies to determine whether interventions in older women with gallbladder disease would reduce type 2 diabetes risk, especially among those with central obesity. Future research should examine the pathophysiological basis of the association between gallbladder disease and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ako Adams Ako
- Correspondence to Dr. Ako Adams Ako, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (e-mail: )
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Reicks M, Gold A, Tran N, LeBlanc K. Impacts of A Taste of African Heritage: A Culinary Heritage Cooking Course. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:388-396. [PMID: 35151603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine changes in cooking and dietary behaviors and health outcomes following participation in A Taste of African Heritage, a culinary heritage cooking course. DESIGN One group, pre-post program design, surveys, and physical assessments. SETTING Community centers, churches, health care settings, homes, and housing complexes. PARTICIPANTS Participants (n = 586, 84% women) were recruited by partner organizations from 2013-2018 across 21 states and the District of Columbia. INTERVENTION(S) A 6-week cooking curriculum that teaches history, nutrition, and cooking techniques to reconnect participants with the vibrant, healthy traditions of the African Diaspora. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Weekly frequency of cooking, food group intake, and exercise assessed by surveys, measured weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure. ANALYSIS Linear and logistic mixed-effects models with random intercepts for participant and teacher, sex and site type as covariates comparing pre-post physical measurements and binary behavioral outcomes, P < 0.0033 for statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Intake frequencies of fruit, vegetable, and greens and exercise frequency were improved from preprogram to postprogram (all P < 0.0021). Weight, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure were also improved from preprogram to postprogram (all P <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Participation in A Taste of African Heritage was associated with positive behavior changes and health outcomes. Integrating cultural heritage and behaviors are positive components to connect participants to healthy old ways or traditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Reicks
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, St Paul, MN.
| | - Abby Gold
- Center for Family Development, University of Minnesota Extension, St Paul, MN
| | - Nicole Tran
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, St Paul, MN
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Sarsangi P, Salehi-Abargouei A, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Esmaillzadeh A. Association between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1787-1798. [PMID: 35472102 PMCID: PMC9526848 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite earlier meta-analyses on the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) and risk of diabetes, there is no comprehensive and updated study assessing this issue. Furthermore, no earlier study has examined the nonlinear dose-response relation between consumption of an MD and risk of diabetes. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the linear and nonlinear dose-response relation between MD and incidence of diabetes. Using relevant keywords, electronic searches for prospective studies were conducted in ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus until January 2022. The reported HRs or ORs in the primary studies were regarded as RRs. The overall effect was calculated using a random-effects model that accounts for between-study variability. The potential nonlinear dose-response associations were tested using a 2-stage hierarchical regression model. Based on 16 prospective studies (with 17 effect sizes), we found that the greatest adherence to the MD was significantly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes (pooled RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.90; I2 = 79%, P ≤ 0.001). Based on linear dose-response analysis, each 1-score increase in the Mediterranean diet score was associated with a 3% decreased risk of diabetes (HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.98; P < 0.001). A nonlinear relation (P-nonlinearity = 0.001) was also observed between MD score and risk of type 2 diabetes. Even modest adherence to the MD was linked to a decreased incidence of type 2 diabetes. The protocol is also registered in the International Prospective Register Of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; registration ID: CRD 42021265332).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sarsangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1735-1748. [PMID: 35001218 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous meta-analyses assessed the association of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Since then, new large-scale cohort studies have been published. In addition, dose-response relation was not previously investigated and the certainty of evidence was not assessed. We aimed to explore the dose-response relationship between adherence to the MedDiet and the risk of T2D. METHODS We did a systematic search using PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science upto April 2021 for prospective cohort studies of the relationship between adherence to the MedDiet and the risk of T2D in the general population. The summary relative risks (RR) and 95%CI were estimated by applying a random-effects model. RESULTS Fourteen prospective cohort studies (410,303 participants and 41,466 cases) were included. There was an inverse association for the highest versus lowest category of adherence to the MedDiet (RR: 0.79, 95%CI 0.72, 0.88; I2 = 82%, n = 14; Risk difference: - 21 per 1000 person, 95%CI - 28, - 12; GRADE = moderate certainty), and for a 2-point increment in the MedDiet adherence score (RR: 0.86, 95%CI 0.82, 0.91; n = 13). The RR remained significant after controlling for important confounders and in almost all subgroups, especially subgroups defined by geographical region. We observed an inverse linear association between MedDiet adherence score and T2D incidence. CONCLUSION Adherence to the MedDiet was inversely related to T2D risk in a dose-response manner. Adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet may be a good advice for the primary prevention of T2D. REGISTRY AND REGISTRY NUMBER PROSPERO (CRD42021246589).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Neuhouser ML, Pettinger M, Lampe JW, Tinker LF, George SM, Reedy J, Song X, Thyagarajan B, Beresford SA, Prentice RL. Novel Application of Nutritional Biomarkers From a Controlled Feeding Study and an Observational Study to Characterization of Dietary Patterns in Postmenopausal Women. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:2461-2473. [PMID: 34142699 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary guidance emphasizes healthy dietary patterns, but supporting evidence comes from self-reported dietary data, which are prone to measurement error. We explored whether nutritional biomarkers from the Women's Health Initiative Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Feeding Study (NPAAS-FS) (n = 153; 2010-2014) and the Women's Health Initiative Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Observational Study (NPAAS-OS) (n = 450; 2006-2009) could identify biomarker signatures of dietary patterns for development of corresponding regression calibration equations to help mitigate measurement error. Fasting blood samples were assayed for a specific panel of vitamins, carotenoids, and phospholipid fatty acids; 24-hour urine samples were assayed for nitrogen, sodium, and potassium levels. Intake records from the NPAAS-FS were used to calculate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores. Scores were regressed on blood and urine nutritional measures for discovery of dietary pattern biomarkers using a cross-validated model R2 ≥ 36% criterion (stage 1). Next, stepwise models (P ≤ 0.10 for entry/removal) using NPAAS-OS data were used to regress stage 1 dietary pattern biomarkers on NPAAS-OS self-reported dietary pattern scores using a food frequency questionnaire, a 4-day food record, and a 24-hour recall (stage 2). HEI-2010 and aMED analyses met the cross-validated R2 ≥ 36% criterion in stage 1, while AHEI-2010 and DASH analyses did not. The R2 values for HEI-2010 stage 2 calibration equations were as follows: food frequency questionnaire, 63.5%; 4-day food record, 83.1%; and 24-hour recall, 77.8%. Stage 2 aMED R2 values were 34.9%-46.8%. Dietary pattern biomarkers have potential for calibrating self-reports to enhance studies of diet-disease associations.
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21
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Montefusco L, D'Addio F, Loretelli C, Ben Nasr M, Garziano M, Rossi A, Pastore I, Plebani L, Lunati ME, Bolla AM, Porta MD, Piuri G, Rocchio F, Abdelsalam A, Assi E, Barichella M, Maestroni A, Usuelli V, Loreggian L, Muzio F, Zuccotti GV, Cazzola R, Fiorina P. Anti-inflammatory effects of diet and caloric restriction in metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2407-2415. [PMID: 33686615 PMCID: PMC8502121 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss in patients with metabolic syndrome has positive effects on cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risks, but its effects on peripheral cytokines and lipid profiles in patients are still unclear. AIM To determine the effects of diet-induced weight loss on metabolic parameters, lipids and cytokine profiles. METHODS Eighteen adult males with metabolic syndrome (defined according to IDF 2009) and Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2 were subjected to a balanced hypocaloric diet for 6 months to reach at least a 5% body weight loss. RESULTS After weight loss, a significant improvement in BMI, waist circumference, insulin, fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) was observed. The analysis of LDL (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) lipoproteins showed a change in their composition with a massive transfer of triacylglycerols from HDL to LDL. This was associated with a significant reduction in peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8 and MIP-1β, leading to an overall decreased inflammatory score. An interesting positive correlation was also observed among peripheral cytokines levels after diet and peripheral levels of CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), an enzyme with a key role in lipid change. CONCLUSION Weight loss through caloric restriction is associated with an improvement in peripheral lipid and cytokine profiles that may play a major role in improving cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Montefusco
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - F D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - M Garziano
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco", Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - I Pastore
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - L Plebani
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - M E Lunati
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - A M Bolla
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - M D Porta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco", Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Piuri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco", Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Rocchio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Abdelsalam
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Barichella
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - A Maestroni
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L Loreggian
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Muzio
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - G V Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Childrens' Hospital and Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - R Cazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco", Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Fiorina
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy.
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC L. Sacco, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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22
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Hlaing-Hlaing H, Dolja-Gore X, Tavener M, James EL, Hodge AM, Hure AJ. Diet Quality and Incident Non-Communicable Disease in the 1946-1951 Cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111375. [PMID: 34769892 PMCID: PMC8583022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diet quality indices (DQIs) can be useful predictors of diet–disease relationships, including non-communicable disease (NCD) multimorbidity. We aimed to investigate whether overall diet quality (DQ) predicted NCD, multimorbidity, and all-cause mortality. Women from the 1945–51 cohort of the Australia Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) were included if they: responded to S3 in 2001 and at least one survey between 2004 (S4) and 2016 (S8), and had no NCD history and complete dietary data at S3. DQ was summarized by the Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults-2013 (HEIFA-2013), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). Outcomes included each NCD (diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HT), asthma, cancer (except skin cancer), depression and/or anxiety) independently, multimorbidity, and all-cause mortality. Repeated multivariate logistic regressions were used to test associations between DQIs and NCD outcomes across the 15 years of follow-up. The mean (±sd) of DQIs of participants (n = 5350) were 57.15 ± 8.16 (HEIFA-2013); 4.35 ± 1.75 (MDS), and 56.01 ± 10.32 (AHEI-2010). Multivariate regressions indicated that women reporting the highest quintile of AHEI-2010 had lower odds of DM (42–56% (S5–S8)), HT (26% (S8)), asthma (35–37% (S7, S8)), and multimorbidity (30–35% (S7, S8)). The highest quintile of HEIFA-2013 and MDS had lower odds of HT (26–35% (S7, S8); 24–27% (S6–S8), respectively) and depression and/or anxiety (30% (S6): 30–34% (S7, S8)). Our findings support evidence that DQ is an important predictor of some NCDs and a target for prevention in middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlaing Hlaing-Hlaing
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (X.D.-G.); (M.T.); (E.L.J.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Xenia Dolja-Gore
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (X.D.-G.); (M.T.); (E.L.J.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Meredith Tavener
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (X.D.-G.); (M.T.); (E.L.J.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Erica L. James
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (X.D.-G.); (M.T.); (E.L.J.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Allison M. Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Alexis J. Hure
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; (X.D.-G.); (M.T.); (E.L.J.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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23
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Fung TT, Li Y, Bhupathiraju SN, Bromage S, Batis C, Holmes MD, Stampfer M, Hu FB, Deitchler M, Willett WC. Higher Global Diet Quality Score Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in US Women. J Nutr 2021; 151:168S-175S. [PMID: 34689196 PMCID: PMC8542093 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have developed a diet quality metric intended for global use. To assess its utility in high-income settings, an evaluation of its ability to predict chronic disease is needed. OBJECTIVES We aimed to prospectively examine the ability of the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) to predict the risk of type 2 diabetes in the United States, examine potential differences of association by age, and compare the GDQS with other diet quality scores. METHODS Health, lifestyle, and diet information was collected from women (n = 88,520) in the Nurses' Health Study II aged 27-44 y at baseline through repeated questionnaires between 1991 and 2017. The overall GDQS consists of 25 food groups. Points are awarded for higher intake of healthy groups and lower intake of unhealthy groups (maximum of 49 points). Multivariable HRs were computed for confirmed type 2 diabetes using proportional hazards models. We also compared the GDQS with the Minimum Diet Diversity score for Women (MDD-W) and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). RESULTS We ascertained 6305 incident cases of type 2 diabetes during follow-up. We observed a lower risk of diabetes with higher GDQS; the multivariable HR comparing extreme quintiles of the GDQS was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.91; P-trend < 0.001). The magnitude of association was similar between women aged <50 y and those aged ≥50 y. An inverse association was observed with lower intake of unhealthy components (HR comparing extreme quintiles of the unhealthy submetric: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.84; P-trend < 0.001) but was not with the healthy submetric. The inverse association for each 1-SD increase in the GDQS (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.96) was stronger (P < 0.001) than for the MDD-W (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.04) but was slightly weaker (P = 0.03) than for the AHEI-2010 (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.94). CONCLUSIONS A higher GDQS was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in US women of reproductive age or older, mainly from lower intake of unhealthy foods. The GDQS performed nearly as well as the AHEI-2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shilpa N Bhupathiraju
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabri Bromage
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Batis
- CONACYT—Health and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Michelle D Holmes
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan Deitchler
- Intake—Center for Dietary Assessment, FHI Solutions, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Ghazaryan A, Carlson A, Rhone AY, Roy K. Association between the Nutritional Quality of Household At-Home Food Purchases and Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors in the United States, 2015. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093260. [PMID: 34579136 PMCID: PMC8468462 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower diet quality is a leading preventable risk factor for obesity and chronic diseases. This study assesses differences in the nutritional quality of at-home food purchases, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and its components, among households with and without a member reporting type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), obesity, and/or smoking. We use the 2015 IRI Consumer Network nationally representative household food purchase scanner data, combined with the IRI MedProfiler and the USDA’s Purchase-to-Plate Crosswalk datasets. For each/multiple condition(s), the difference in mean HEI score adjusted for covariates is tested for equivalence with the respective score against households without any member with the condition(s). The HEI score is higher for households without a member with reported T2D (2.4% higher), CVD (3.2%), obesity (3.3%), none of the three conditions (6.1%, vs. all three conditions), and smoking (10.5%) than for those with a member with the respective condition. Households with a member with T2D score better on the added sugar component than those with no member reporting T2D. We found that the average food purchase quality is lower than the recommended levels, especially for households with at least one member reporting a chronic condition(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen Ghazaryan
- Office of the Director (OD), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Andrea Carlson
- Economic Research Service (ERS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | - Alana Y Rhone
- Economic Research Service (ERS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | - Kakoli Roy
- Office of the Director (OD), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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25
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Llavero-Valero M, Escalada-San Martín J, Martínez-González MA, Basterra-Gortari FJ, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Bes-Rastrollo M. Ultra-processed foods and type-2 diabetes risk in the SUN project: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2817-2824. [PMID: 33933748 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM The association between ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been much explored. We aimed to evaluate the association between consumption of UPF and the incidence of T2D. METHODS We assessed 20,060 participants (61.5% women) from the SUN project (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) followed-up every two years (median follow-up 12 years). Food and drink consumption were evaluated through a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire and grouped according to their degree of processing by the NOVA classification. Participants were categorized into tertiles of UPF consumption adjusted for total energy intake. We fitted Cox proportional hazard models with repeated dietary measurements at baseline and updating information on food consumption after 10 years of follow-up to minimise the potential effect of diet variation. RESULTS During 215,149 person-years of follow-up, 175 new-onset T2D cases were confirmed. Participants in the highest baseline tertile (high consumption) of UPF consumption had a higher risk of T2D as compared to those in the lowest tertile (multivariable adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 to 2.22) with a significant dose-response relationship (p for linear trend = 0.024). The multivariable adjusted HR using repeated measurements of UPF intake was 1.65 (95% CI 1.14-2.38) when comparing extreme tertiles. CONCLUSIONS In a highly-educated Mediterranean cohort with a low absolute risk, a higher intake of UPF was independently associated with a higher risk for T2D. These results provide more evidence to encourage the limitation of UPF consumption to reduce the population burden of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Llavero-Valero
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada-San Martín
- University of Navarra, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA, Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Pizzorno J, Pizzorno L. Commonly Prescribed and Over-the-Counter Drugs as Secondary Causes of Osteoporosis-Part One. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2021; 20:8-15. [PMID: 34377089 PMCID: PMC8325490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prescription and over-the-counter drugs have been effectively used to manage many diseases and to provide symptom relief. Unfortunately, their use may also result in adverse drug reactions and unintended consequences. Proper use of these powerful agents requires understanding both their desired effects and their potential downsides. Fully understanding the unintended consequences can be challenging. Virtually all safety studies are carried out for far shorter periods of time than the actual use of these agents in the real world. Some may take years of use before their sequelae are recognized. This is especially a problem where bone health is concerned since the damage caused by years of minor disruption in function does not show up until compounded by other factors, such as andropause and menopause. This 2-part editorial covers the primary classes of drugs that require bone health monitoring and that may require alternative prescriptions or mitigation strategies. Part One covers aromatase inhibitors, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, insulin sensitizers, and NSAIDs and acetaminophen. Part Two covers opioids, glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitors, H2 blockers, diuretics, anticoagulants, thyroid medications, and contraceptives.
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Jayanama K, Theou O, Godin J, Cahill L, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Park YM, Fung TT, Rockwood K. Relationship between diet quality scores and the risk of frailty and mortality in adults across a wide age spectrum. BMC Med 2021; 19:64. [PMID: 33722232 PMCID: PMC7962372 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond intakes of total energy and individual nutrient, eating patterns may influence health, and thereby the risk of adverse outcomes. How different diet measures relate to frailty-a general measure of increased vulnerability to unfavorable health outcomes-and mortality risk, and how this might vary across the life course, is not known. We investigated the associations of five dietary indices (Nutrition Index (NI), the energy-density Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)) with frailty and mortality. METHODS We included 15,249 participants aged ≥ 20 years from the 2007-2012 cohorts of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The NI combined 31 nutrition-related deficits. The E-DII is a literature-derived dietary index associated with inflammation. The HEI-2015 assesses adherence to the Dietary Guidelines of Americans. The MDS represents adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet. DASH combines macronutrients and micronutrients to prevent hypertension. Frailty was evaluated using a 36-item frailty index. Mortality status was ascertained up to December 31, 2015. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 47.2 ± 16.7 years and 51.7% were women. After adjusting for age, sex, race, educational level, marital and employment status, smoking, BMI, and study cohort, higher NI and E-DII scores and lower HEI-2015, MDS, and DASH scores were individually significantly associated with frailty. All dietary scores were significantly associated with 8-year mortality risk after adjusting for basic covariates and frailty: NI (hazard ratio per 0.1 point, 1.15, 95%CI 1.10-1.21), E-DII (per 1 point, 1.05, 1.01-1.08), HEI-2015 (per 10 points, 0.93, 0.89-0.97), MDS (per 1 point, 0.94, 0.90-0.97), and DASH (per 1 point, 0.96, 0.93-0.99). The associations of E-DII, HEI-2015, and MDS scores with 8-year mortality risk persisted after additionally adjusting for NI. CONCLUSIONS NI, E-DII, HEI-2015, MDS, and DASH scores are associated with frailty and 8-year mortality risk in adults across all ages. Nevertheless, their mechanisms and sensitivity to predict health outcomes may differ. Nutrition scores have the potential to include measures of both consumption and laboratory and physical measures of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulapong Jayanama
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Olga Theou
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
- School of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Judith Godin
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Leah Cahill
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC USA
| | - Michael D. Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC USA
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
| | - Yong-Moon Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Teresa T. Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Kenneth Rockwood
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
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Jin Q, Shi N, Aroke D, Lee DH, Joseph JJ, Donneyong M, Conwell DL, Hart PA, Zhang X, Clinton SK, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Brasky TM, Jackson R, Tinker LF, Liu S, Phillips LS, Shadyab AH, Nassir R, Bao W, Tabung FK. Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns Show Enhanced Predictive Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:707-714. [PMID: 33419931 PMCID: PMC7896263 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) scores assess the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of habitual dietary patterns, irrespective of the macronutrient content, and are based on plasma insulin response or inflammatory biomarkers, respectively. The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) assess postprandial glycemic potential based on dietary carbohydrate content. We tested the hypothesis that dietary patterns promoting hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, or hyperglycemia may influence type 2 diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We calculated dietary scores from baseline (1993-1998) food frequency questionnaires among 73,495 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative, followed through March 2019. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for type 2 diabetes risk. We also estimated multivariable-adjusted absolute risk of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS During a median 13.3 years of follow-up, 11,009 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were diagnosed. Participants consuming the most hyperinsulinemic or proinflammatory dietary patterns experienced greater risk of type 2 diabetes; HRs (95% CI) comparing highest to lowest dietary index quintiles were EDIH 1.49 (1.32-1.68; P trend < 0.0001) and EDIP 1.45 (1.29-1.63; P trend < 0.0001). The absolute excess incidence for the same comparison was 220 (EDIH) and 271 (EDIP) cases per 100,000 person-years. GI and GL were not associated with type 2 diabetes risk: GI 0.99 (0.88-1.12; P trend = 0.46) and GL 1.01 (0.89-1.16; P trend = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS Our findings in this diverse cohort of postmenopausal women suggest that lowering the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of the diet may be more effective in preventing type 2 diabetes than focusing on glycemic foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ni Shi
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Desmond Aroke
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua J Joseph
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Darwin L Conwell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Phil A Hart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Rebecca Jackson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Lawrence S Phillips
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Rami Nassir
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH .,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.,Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Allaire BT, Tjaden AH, Venditti EM, Apolzan JW, Dabelea D, Delahanty LM, Edelstein SL, Hoskin MA, Temple KA, Wylie-Rosett J, Jaacks LM. Diet quality, weight loss, and diabetes incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). BMC Nutr 2020; 6:74. [PMID: 33317629 PMCID: PMC7737274 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated whether diet quality is a predictor of weight loss and reduced diabetes risk, independent of caloric intake in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) cohort, a randomized clinical trial of adults at risk for diabetes. METHODS This secondary analysis included 2914 participants with available data (964 intensive lifestyle (ILS), 977 metformin, 973 placebo). Dietary intake was assessed using a 117-item food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was quantified using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI). AHEI ranges from 0 to 110, with higher scores corresponding to higher quality diets. ILS participants had greater improvement (p < 0.001) in AHEI over 1-year (4.2 ± 9.0) compared to metformin (1.2 ± 8.5) and placebo (1.4 ± 8.4). We examined the association between AHEI change and weight change from baseline to 1-year using linear regression, and that between 1-year AHEI change and incident diabetes, using hazard models over an average 3 years follow-up. Models were evaluated within treatment group and adjusted for relevant characteristics including caloric intake, physical activity, BMI and AHEI. Models testing incident diabetes were further adjusted for baseline fasting and 2 h glucose. RESULTS An increase in AHEI score was associated with weight loss in ILS [β per 10-point increase (SE) -1.2 kg (0.3, p < 0.001)], metformin [- 0. 90 kg (0.2, p < 0.001)] and placebo [- 0.55 kg (0.2, p = 0.01)]. However, AHEI change was not associated with incident diabetes in any group before or after adjustment for weight change. CONCLUSIONS Controlling for weight, diet quality was not associated with diabetes incidence but helps achieve weight loss, an important factor in diabetes prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Allaire
- RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ashley H Tjaden
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Biostatistics Center, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Elizabeth M Venditti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John W Apolzan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Linda M Delahanty
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharon L Edelstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Biostatistics Center, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mary A Hoskin
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Karla A Temple
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Lindsay M Jaacks
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Security, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, UK
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Morze J, Danielewicz A, Hoffmann G, Schwingshackl L. Diet Quality as Assessed by the Healthy Eating Index, Alternate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Score, and Health Outcomes: A Second Update of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1998-2031.e15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kleinaki Z, Kapnisi S, Theodorelou-Charitou SA, Nikas IP, Paschou SA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus management in patients with chronic kidney disease: an update. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:467-476. [PMID: 32500461 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic multisystem disease. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of its significant microvascular complications, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this article is to review the literature regarding the latest advances in the management of type 2 DM (T2DM) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We initially refer to the screening guidelines, the diagnostic tests used, the need for novel biomarkers in DN, the recent advances in high-risk patient identification, the recommended glycemic targets, and concerns regarding the accuracy of HbA1c in these patients. Then, a detailed explanation of the appropriate medical management based on evidence from recent trials is presented, analyzed, and discussed. All patients with T2DM should be screened for albuminuria at initial diagnosis and annually thereafter. Proteomics and metabolomics today represent promising diagnostic tools. Optimal glycemic control, with individualized HbA1c targets, is fundamental for reduced onset or delayed progression of DN and microvascular complications, in general. This can be enhanced by lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions when needed. Metformin represents the first pharmacological step, with, recently, a broadened indication for patients with impaired renal function. If HbA1c remains above the target in patients with established CKD, SGLT2i or GLP-1 RA are the preferred second-line agents, as introduced in all new guidelines. This change was the result of recent landmark trials that highlighted the superiority of the two aforementioned medication categories in terms of both renal and cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Kleinaki
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stella Kapnisi
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Ilias P Nikas
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, "Aghia Sophia" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Santiago-Torres M, Shi Z, Tinker LF, Lampe JW, Allison MA, Barrington W, Crane TE, Garcia DO, Hayden KM, Isasi CR, Valdiviezo-Schlomp CI, Martin LW, Neuhouser ML. Diet quality indices and risk of metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women of Mexican ethnic descent in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. NUTRITION AND HEALTHY AGING 2020; 5:261-272. [PMID: 33367152 PMCID: PMC7745721 DOI: 10.3233/nha-190076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher among minority populations, including individuals of Mexican ethnic descent. Whether alignment to healthy dietary patterns is associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome in this population is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the associations between a priori diet quality scores and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among postmenopausal women of Mexican ethnic descent. METHODS A total of 334 women of Mexican ethnic descent who participated in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) observational study without metabolic syndrome or diabetes at baseline (1993-1998) were included. Baseline diets were scored with the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010), the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and the traditional Mexican Diet (MexD) score. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to test the associations between baseline diet quality and risk of metabolic syndrome and its individual components at follow-up (2012-2013). RESULTS Approximately 16% of women met the criteria for metabolic syndrome at follow-up. None of the diet quality indices were associated with risk of metabolic syndrome. However, higher vs lower DASH scores were associated with lower waist circumference (85.2 vs 88.0 cm) and glucose concentrations (90.0 vs 95.1 mg/dL), and higher HDL cholesterol (62.6 vs 59.0 mg/dL), while higher vs lower HEI-2010 scores were associated with lower waist circumference (83.9 vs 88.1 cm), triglycerides (103 vs 117 mg/dL) and glucose concentrations (89.5 vs 94.4 mg/dL), and higher HDL cholesterol levels (63.9 vs 58.5 mg/dL). CONCLUSIONS Diet quality was not associated with risk of metabolic syndrome in this population. However, the results suggest that alignment to DASH and HEI-2010 recommendations may be beneficial for reducing some individual components of metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women of Mexican descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Santiago-Torres
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zaixing Shi
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lesley F. Tinker
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johanna W. Lampe
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Barrington
- Department of Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tracy E. Crane
- Biobehavioral Health Sciences Division, College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David O. Garcia
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Lisa W. Martin
- Division of Cardiology, George Washington University of School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Marchello NJ, Gibbs HD, Sullivan DK, Taylor MK, Hamilton-Reeves JM, Beltramo AF, Befort CA. Rural breast cancer survivors are able to maintain diet quality improvements during a weight loss maintenance intervention. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:576-584. [DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jin SM, Ahn J, Park J, Hur KY, Kim JH, Lee MK. East Asian diet-mimicking diet plan based on the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 12:357-364. [PMID: 32772491 PMCID: PMC7926224 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Using an investigational diet plan based on the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet comprised of substitute ingredients that mimic the average East Asian diet, this study assessed the glycemic benefits in comparison with a food exchange system‐based diet in established type 2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods This was a 12‐week, open‐label randomized clinical trial carried out among 60 Korean adults with type 2 diabetes having a median body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2. Glycemic benefits in the investigational diet (group A) were compared with those obtained with a food exchange system‐based diet, either in the form of ready meals provided to participants (group B) or not (group C). The primary end‐point was changes in glycated hemoglobin from baseline to week 12. Results Changes in glycated hemoglobin (%) from baseline to week 12 were −0.97 ± 0.97 in group A (vs group B, P = 0.085 in the full analysis set, and P = 0.028 in the per‐protocol set; vs group C, P = 0.030 in the full analysis set and P = 0.020 in the per‐protocol set), −0.51 ± 0.65 in group B (vs group C, P > 0.05 in the full analysis set and the per‐protocol set), and −0.36 ± 0.74 in group C. Decreases from baseline in body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure were greater in group A than in group C. Conclusion With the provision of ready meals, the glycemic benefits of the investigational diet plan were demonstrable over a self‐prepared food exchange system‐based diet in Korean adults with established type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Man Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jiyun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Gumi, Korea
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Diet Quality among Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Areas of Hunan Province. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165942. [PMID: 32824308 PMCID: PMC7460136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diet quality is critical for postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) is a dietary index developed according to the latest Chinese Dietary Guidelines (CDG-2016). Our study aimed to assess the diet quality of women with previous GDM in rural areas of Hunan Province by applying the CHEI. Women with previous GDM in two counties of Hunan were enrolled. Their food intake data, which were used to calculate their CHEI scores, were collected by a 24-h dietary recall. The association of CHEI with sociodemographic and anthropometric variables was evaluated via linear regression models. 404 women were included in the final analysis. The mean score of the total CHEI was 54.9 (SD 7.9). The components of whole grains and mixed beans, seeds and nuts, tubers, dairy, and poultry scored extremely low. Ethnic minority groups and women younger than 30 years had lower CHEI scores. Our study observed an unsatisfactory diet quality among women with previous GDM in rural areas of Hunan Province. Future dietary education focusing on the CDG is needed to improve their diet quality and help in T2DM prevention among this population, especially young and ethnic minority women.
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Neuhouser ML, Wertheim BC, Perrigue MM, Hingle M, Tinker LF, Shikany JM, Johnson KC, Waring ME, Seguin-Fowler RA, Vitolins MZ, Schnall E, Snetselaar L, Thomson C. Associations of Number of Daily Eating Occasions with Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa126. [PMID: 32832844 PMCID: PMC7431012 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 23 million Americans have type 2 diabetes (T2D). Eating habits such as breakfast consumption, time-restricted eating, and limiting daily eating occasions have been explored as behaviors for reducing T2D risk, but prior evidence is inconclusive. OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to examine associations between number of daily eating occasions and T2D risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial (WHI-DM) and whether associations vary by BMI, age, or race/ethnicity. METHODS Participants were postmenopausal women in the WHI-DM who comprised a 4.6% subsample completing 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs) at years 3 and 6 as part of trial adherence activities (n = 2159). Numbers of eating occasions per day were obtained from the year 3 24HRs, and participants were grouped into approximate tertiles as 1-3 (n = 795), 4 (n = 713), and ≥5 (n = 651) daily eating occasions as the exposure. Incident diabetes was self-reported on semiannual questionnaires as the outcome. RESULTS Approximately 15% (15.4%, n = 332) of the WHI-DM 24HR cohort reported incident diabetes at follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression tested associations of eating occasions with T2D adjusted for neighborhood socioeconomic status, BMI, waist circumference, race/ethnicity, family history of T2D, recreational physical activity, Healthy Eating Index-2005, 24HR energy intake, and WHI-DM arm. Compared with women reporting 1-3 meals/d, those consuming 4 meals/d had a T2D HR = 1.38 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.84) without further increases in risk for ≥5 meals/d. In stratified analyses, associations for 4 meals/d compared with 1-3 meals/d were stronger in women with BMI <30.0 kg/m2 (HR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.39) and women aged ≥60 (HR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.33). CONCLUSIONS Four meals per day compared with 1-3 meals/d was associated with increased risk of T2D in postmenopausal women, but no dose-response effect was observed for additional eating occasions. Further studies are needed to understand eating occasions in relation to T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian L Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Martine M Perrigue
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Hingle
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Molly E Waring
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Eliezer Schnall
- Psychology Department, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Cynthia Thomson
- Canyon Ranch Center for Prevention & Health Promotion, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Wawro N, Pestoni G, Riedl A, Breuninger TA, Peters A, Rathmann W, Koenig W, Huth C, Meisinger C, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J. Association of Dietary Patterns and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Metabolically Homogeneous Subgroups in the KORA FF4 Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061684. [PMID: 32516903 PMCID: PMC7352280 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that a change in lifestyle, especially physical activity and diet, can reduce the risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the response to dietary changes varies among individuals due to differences in metabolic characteristics. Therefore, we investigated the association between dietary patterns and T2DM while taking into account these differences. For 1287 participants of the population-based KORA FF4 study (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg), we identified three metabolically-homogenous subgroups (metabotypes) using 16 clinical markers. Based on usual dietary intake data, two diet quality scores, the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), were calculated. We explored the associations between T2DM and diet quality scores. Multi-variable adjusted models, including metabotype subgroup, were fitted. In addition, analyses stratified by metabotype were carried out. We found significant interaction effects between metabotype and both diet quality scores (p < 0.05). In the analysis stratified by metabotype, significant negative associations between T2DM and both diet quality scores were detected only in the metabolically-unfavorable homogenous subgroup (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.39-0.90 for AHEI and OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.40-0.96 for MDS). Prospective studies taking metabotype into account are needed to confirm our results, which allow for the tailoring of dietary recommendations in the prevention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wawro
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T (Universitäres Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften am Klinikum Augsburg), Neusässer Str. 47, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Pestoni
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Anna Riedl
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Taylor A. Breuninger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T (Universitäres Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften am Klinikum Augsburg), Neusässer Str. 47, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.P.); (C.H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstr. 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany;
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636 Munich
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Huth
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.P.); (C.H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T (Universitäres Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften am Klinikum Augsburg), Neusässer Str. 47, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (G.P.); (A.R.); (T.A.B.); (C.M.); (J.L.)
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T (Universitäres Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften am Klinikum Augsburg), Neusässer Str. 47, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
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Alcubierre N, Granado-Casas M, Real J, Perpiñán H, Rubinat E, Falguera M, Castelblanco E, Franch-Nadal J, Mauricio D. Spanish People with Type 2 Diabetes Show an Improved Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020560. [PMID: 32093385 PMCID: PMC7071466 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and healthy eating) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with those without diabetes. In addition, we explored clinical factors associated with the dietary pattern. This cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 476 participants (238 with T2D and 238 participants without diabetes, matched for age and sex). The alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score and the alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI) were calculated. Statistical analysis included comparison between groups and multivariable models. Participants with T2D showed higher aMED and aHEI scores (mean (SD): 4.3 (1.5) and 43.9 (6.5), respectively) in comparison with the control group (3.5 (1.8) and 39.4 (7.4), respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, a higher proportion of participants with T2D in higher tertiles of aMED (21.8%) and aHEI (39.9%) was observed compared with participants without diabetes (11.3% for the aMED, and 19.3% for the aHEI; p < 0.001). The adjusted multivariable analysis revealed that T2D (p < 0.001), increasing age (p = 0.006 and p = 0.030, respectively), and physical activity (p = 0.009) were positively associated with higher aMED and aHEI scores. Dyslipidemia and female gender were positively associated with aMED and aHEI (p = 0.031 and p < 0.001, respectively). The specific multivariable analysis for the group with T2D yielded a positive association of age (p < 0.001) and dyslipidemia (p = 0.021) with aMED. Regarding the aHEI, only female gender was positively related with this score in diabetes participants (p = 0.025). Participants with T2D showed a higher adherence to the MedDiet and a healthier eating pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Alcubierre
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Avantmedic, 25008 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute & University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Jordi Real
- DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de Barcelona, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Hèctor Perpiñán
- Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Generalitat Valenciana, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Esther Rubinat
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Serra Hunter Lecture, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mireia Falguera
- Primary Health Care Center Igualada Nord, 08700 Igualada, Spain;
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Franch-Nadal
- DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de Barcelona, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.F.-N.); (D.M.); Tel.: +34-933-293-912 (J.F.-N.); +34-935-565-602 (D.M.)
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Barcelona Autonomous University (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.F.-N.); (D.M.); Tel.: +34-933-293-912 (J.F.-N.); +34-935-565-602 (D.M.)
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Mozaffarian D. Dietary and policy priorities to reduce the global crises of obesity and diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s43016-019-0013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hirahatake KM, Jiang L, Wong ND, Shikany JM, Eaton CB, Allison MA, Martin L, Garcia L, Zaslavsky O, Odegaard AO. Diet Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Women's Health Initiative. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013249. [PMID: 31533514 PMCID: PMC6806027 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Dietary patterns are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population, but diet–CVD association in populations with diabetes mellitus is limited. Our objective was to examine the association between diet quality and CVD risk in a population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results We analyzed prospective data from 5809 women with prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus at baseline from the Women's Health Initiative. Diet quality was defined using alternate Mediterranean, Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension, Paleolithic, and American Diabetes Association dietary pattern scores calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable Cox's proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the risk of incident CVD. During mean 12.4 years of follow‐up, 1454 (25%) incident CVD cases were documented. Women with higher alternate Mediterranean, Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension, and American Diabetes Association dietary pattern scores had a lower risk of CVD compared with women with lower scores (Q5 v Q1) (hazard ratio [HR]aMed 0.77, 95% CI 0.65–0.93; HRDASH 0.69, 95% CI 0.58–0.83; HRADA 0.71, 95% CI 0.59–0.86). No association was observed between the Paleolithic score and CVD risk. Conclusions Dietary patterns that emphasize higher intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts/seeds, legumes, a high unsaturated:saturated fat ratio, and lower intake of red and processed meats, added sugars, and sodium are associated with lower CVD risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hirahatake
- Department of Epidemiology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - Luohua Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - Nathan D Wong
- Department of Epidemiology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine School of Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham AL
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology Alpert Medical School Brown University Providence RI
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego CA
| | - Lisa Martin
- Division of Cardiology George Washington University School of Medicine and Healthcare Sciences Washington DC
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Public Health Sciences-Division of Epidemiology School of Medicine University of California Davis CA
| | - Oleg Zaslavsky
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics School of Nursing University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Andrew O Odegaard
- Department of Epidemiology School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA
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Hallberg SJ, Dockter NE, Kushner JA, Athinarayanan SJ. Improving the scientific rigour of nutritional recommendations for adults with type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive review of the American Diabetes Association guideline-recommended eating patterns. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:1769-1779. [PMID: 30941880 PMCID: PMC6767093 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The global rate of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to rise. Guidelines that influence the worldwide treatment of this disease are central to changing this trajectory. We sought in this review to evaluate the appropriateness of sources cited in the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) guidelines on eating patterns for T2D management, identify additional relevant sources, and evaluate the evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the evidence behind the ADA's recommendations on eating patterns in the 2018 and 2019 ADA Standards of Care and the 2014 ADA Nutrition Therapy Recommendations for Adults with Diabetes. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive search to identify any additional studies not included in the cited evidence. To determine appropriateness of inclusion in the guidelines, the following criteria were applied: 1) it was a clinical trial or systematic review/meta-analysis of clinical trials; 2) it involved persons with T2D; 3) one of the study arms followed one of the eating patterns currently recommended; 4) its reported outcomes included glycaemic control; 5) outcomes were reported separately for persons with T2D. RESULTS We found a wide variation in the evidence for each eating pattern. Issues that have hampered the guideline process include: lack of a rigorous literature review, resulting in the omission of pertinent studies; an overreliance on prospective cohort studies; inconsistent standards for evidence; inclusion of studies not on persons with T2D; and bias. CONCLUSIONS The ADA Guidelines recommended eating patterns fall short of rigorous standards of scientific review according to state-of-the-art systematic review and guideline creation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Hallberg
- Medically Supervised Weight LossIndiana University Health ArnettLafayetteIndiana
- Research Virta HealthSan FranciscoCalifornia
- Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndiana
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Serra-Majem L, Román-Viñas B, Sanchez-Villegas A, Guasch-Ferré M, Corella D, La Vecchia C. Benefits of the Mediterranean diet: Epidemiological and molecular aspects. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 67:1-55. [PMID: 31254553 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
More than 50 years after the Seven Countries Study, a large number of epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and health, through observational, case-control, some longitudinal and a few experimental studies. The overall results show strong evidence suggesting a protective effect of the MD mainly on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and certain types of cancer. The beneficial effects have been attributed to the types of food consumed, total dietary pattern, components in the food, cooking techniques, eating behaviors and lifestyle behaviors, among others. The aim of this article is to review and summarize the knowledge derived from the literature focusing on the benefits of the MD on health, including those that have been extensively investigated (CVD, cancer) along with more recent issues such as mental health, immunity, quality of life, etc. The review begins with a brief description of the MD and its components. Then we present a review of studies evaluating metabolic biomarkers and genotypes in relation to the MD. Other sections are dedicated to observation and intervention studies for various pathologies. Finally, some insights into the relationship between the MD and sustainability are explored. In conclusion, the research undertaken on metabolomics approaches has identified potential markers for certain MD components and patterns, but more investigation is needed to obtain valid measures. Further evaluation of gene-MD interactions are also required to better understand the mechanisms by which the MD diet exerts its beneficial effects on health. Observation and intervention studies, particularly PREDIMED, have provided invaluable data on the benefits of the MD for a wide range of chronic diseases. However further research is needed to explore the effects of other lifestyle components associated with Mediterranean populations, its environmental impact, as well as the MD extrapolation to non-Mediterranean contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Serra-Majem
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Nutrition Research Foundation, University of Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Blanca Román-Viñas
- Nutrition Research Foundation, University of Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; School of Health and Sport Sciences (EUSES), Universitat de Girona, Salt, Spain; Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit. Department of Preventive Medicine. University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention for Urban Low-Income African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes. J Gen Intern Med 2019; 34:1174-1183. [PMID: 30963440 PMCID: PMC6614233 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-019-04894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans suffer more than non-Hispanic whites from type 2 diabetes, but diabetes self-management education (DSME) has been less effective at improving glycemic control for African Americans. Our objective was to determine whether a novel, culturally tailored DSME intervention would result in sustained improvements in glycemic control in low-income African-American patients of public hospital clinics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This randomized controlled trial (n = 211) compared changes in hemoglobin A1c (A1c) at 6, 12, and 18 months between two arms: (1) Lifestyle Improvement through Food and Exercise (LIFE), a culturally tailored, 28-session community-based intervention, focused on diet and physical activity, and (2) a standard of care comparison group receiving two group DSME classes. Cluster-adjusted ANCOVA modeling was used to assess A1c changes from baseline to 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively, between arms. RESULTS At 6 months, A1c decreased significantly more in the intervention group than the control group (- 0.76 vs - 0.21%, p = 0.03). However, by 12 and 18 months, the difference was no longer significant (12 months - 0.63 intervention vs - 0.45 control, p = 0.52). There was a decrease in A1c over 18 months in both the intervention (β = - 0.026, p = 0.003) and the comparison arm (β = - 0.018, p = 0.048) but no difference in trend (p = 0.472) between arms. The intervention group had greater improvements in nutrition knowledge (11.1 vs 6.0 point change, p = 0.002) and diet quality (4.0 vs - 0.5 point change, p = 0.018) while the comparison group had more participants with improved medication adherence (24% vs 10%, p < 0.05) at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The LIFE intervention resulted in improved nutrition knowledge and diet quality and the comparison intervention resulted in improved medication adherence. LIFE participants showed greater A1c reduction than standard of care at 6 months but the difference between groups was no longer significant at 12 and 18 months. NIH TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT01901952.
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Trout KK, McCool WF, Homko CJ. Person-Centered Primary Care and Type 2 Diabetes: Beyond Blood Glucose Control. J Midwifery Womens Health 2019; 64:312-323. [PMID: 31066495 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With an estimated 9% of persons in the United States diagnosed with diabetes, primary care providers such as midwives and nurse practitioners are increasingly working with persons who have diabetes and are seeking primary care services. This article reviews the current literature with regard to the initial evaluation of individuals who are diagnosed with diabetes, and what is entailed in comprehensive continuing management of care. A person-centered interprofessional approach to care of the person with diabetes is presented. Recommendations are given that address dietary habits, activities of daily living, medication regimens, and potential alternative therapies. Social constructs related to effective care of individuals with diabetes also are addressed. Knowledge of current research that has identified effective care practices for individuals with diabetes is imperative to ensuring their well-being, and promoting a person-centered and interprofessional approach is best for offering optimal care to those diagnosed with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K Trout
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - William F McCool
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carol J Homko
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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LeRoith D, Biessels GJ, Braithwaite SS, Casanueva FF, Draznin B, Halter JB, Hirsch IB, McDonnell ME, Molitch ME, Murad MH, Sinclair AJ. Treatment of Diabetes in Older Adults: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1520-1574. [PMID: 30903688 PMCID: PMC7271968 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to formulate clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of diabetes in older adults. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes, particularly type 2, is becoming more prevalent in the general population, especially in individuals over the age of 65 years. The underlying pathophysiology of the disease in these patients is exacerbated by the direct effects of aging on metabolic regulation. Similarly, aging effects interact with diabetes to accelerate the progression of many common diabetes complications. Each section in this guideline covers all aspects of the etiology and available evidence, primarily from controlled trials, on therapeutic options and outcomes in this population. The goal is to give guidance to practicing health care providers that will benefit patients with diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), paying particular attention to avoiding unnecessary and/or harmful adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek LeRoith
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Susan S Braithwaite
- Presence Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, Illinois
- Presence Saint Joseph Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, CIBER de Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Boris Draznin
- University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Irl B Hirsch
- University of Washington Medical Center–Roosevelt, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marie E McDonnell
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark E Molitch
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Hibbs-Shipp SK, Boles RE, Johnson SL, McCloskey ML, Hobbs S, Bellows LL. Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020372. [PMID: 30759760 PMCID: PMC6412482 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The home food environment (HFE) is an important factor in the development of food preferences and habits in young children, and the availability of foods within the home reflects dietary intake in both adults and children. Therefore, it is important to consider the holistic quality of the HFE. The purpose of this study was to apply the Healthy Eating Index (HEI; a measure of diet quality in conformance to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans) algorithm to the Home-IDEA2, a valid and reliable food inventory checklist, to develop a Home-IDEA2 HEI Score. After an initial score was developed, it was psychometrically tested for content, criterion, and construct validity. Content validity testing resulted in 104 foods being retained. Internal criterion testing demonstrated that 42 foods (40%) changed component scores by >5%; however, no single food changed a total Home-IDEA2 HEI score by >5%. Testing of hypothetical HFEs resulted in a range of scores in the expected directions, establishing sensitivity to varied HFEs. This study resulted in a validated methodology to assess the overall quality of the HFE, thus contributing a novel approach for examining home food environments. Future research can test interventions modifying the HFE quality to improve individual dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Hibbs-Shipp
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Richard E Boles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Susan L Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Morgan L McCloskey
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Savannah Hobbs
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Laura L Bellows
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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Sun Y, Liu B, Du Y, Snetselaar LG, Sun Q, Hu FB, Bao W. Inverse Association between Organic Food Purchase and Diabetes Mellitus in US Adults. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1877. [PMID: 30513866 PMCID: PMC6316834 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The organic food market has grown rapidly worldwide in the past 15 years. However, evidence concerning the health effects of organic foods is scarce. We evaluated the cross-sectional association of organic food purchase, as a proxy of organic food consumption, with diabetes in a nationally representative population. METHODS We included 8199 participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007⁻2008 and 2009⁻2010. Organic food purchase and frequency were ascertained by questionnaires. Diabetes was defined as a self-reported physician diagnosis or a hemoglobin A1c level ≥6.5% or both. We used logistic regression with sample weights to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Individuals who reported purchasing organic foods were less likely to have diabetes compared to those who did not report organic food purchase. After adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, family history of diabetes, socioeconomic status, and dietary and lifestyle factors, the OR of diabetes associated with organic food purchase was 0.80 (95% CI 0.68⁻0.93). The association remained significant after additional adjustment for BMI with OR of 0.80 (0.69⁻0.94). CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative population, frequent organic food purchase was inversely associated with diabetes prevalence in adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Linda G Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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49
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Chen GC, Koh WP, Neelakantan N, Yuan JM, Qin LQ, van Dam RM. Diet Quality Indices and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:2651-2661. [PMID: 30165478 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to test whether predefined dietary patterns that are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Western populations were similarly associated with lower T2D risk in an Asian population. We included 45,411 middle-aged and older participants (ages 45-74 years) in the Singapore Chinese Health Study who were free of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease at baseline (1993-1998). Participants were followed up for T2D diagnosis through 2010. Dietary information was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary pattern scores were calculated for the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, an overall plant-based diet index, and a healthful plant-based diet index. During a median of 11.1 years of follow-up, 5,207 incident cases of T2D occurred. After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, the 5 dietary pattern scores were significantly associated with 16% (for aMED) to 29% (for DASH) lower risks of T2D when comparing the highest score quintiles with the lowest (all P-for-trend values < 0.001). These associations did not vary substantially by baseline age, sex, body mass index, or hypertension status but were limited to nonsmokers (aMED: P for interaction < 0.001; AHEI-2010: P for interaction = 0.03). Adherence to a high-quality diet, as reflected by several predefined diet quality indices derived in Western populations, was significantly associated with lower T2D risk in an Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nithya Neelakantan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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50
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Leung CW, Fung TT, McEvoy CT, Lin J, Epel ES. Diet Quality Indices and Leukocyte Telomere Length Among Healthy US Adults: Data From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:2192-2201. [PMID: 29912268 PMCID: PMC6166208 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the biggest risk factor for the development of chronic diseases. Telomere length may represent one important mechanism by which dietary intake influences risk of age-related diseases; however, it is unknown which diet pattern is most strongly related to telomere length. We compared the relationships between 4 evidence-based diet quality indices and leukocyte telomere length in a nationally representative sample of healthy adults, and the extent to which these associations differed between men and women. Data on 4,758 adults aged 20-65 years with no prior diagnosis of major chronic disease were obtained from the 1999-2002 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diet was assessed using one 24-hour dietary recall. After adjustment for sociodemographic and health characteristics, comparison of the top and bottom quintiles showed that higher Healthy Eating Index 2010 scores (β = 0.065, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.018, 0.112; P-trend = 0.007), Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 scores (β = 0.054, 95% CI: 0.010, 0.097; P-trend = 0.007), Mediterranean Diet scores (β = 0.058, 95% CI: 0.017, 0.098; P-trend = 0.008), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores (β = 0.052, 95% CI: 0.014, 0.090; P-trend = 0.007) were each associated with longer telomere length in women. These results may provide insight into the complex associations between optimal nutrition and longevity. Further investigation is needed to understand why associations were not observed in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy W Leung
- Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Elissa S Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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