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Contardo Ayala AM, Ridgers ND, Timperio A, Arundell L, Dunstan DW, Hesketh KD, Daly RM, Salmon J. The association between device-measured sitting time and cardiometabolic health risk factors in children. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1015. [PMID: 38609909 PMCID: PMC11010425 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence of the associations between postural-derived sitting time, waist-worn derived sedentary time and children's health and the moderation effect of physical activity (PA). This study examined associations of children's device-measured sitting time with cardiometabolic health risk factors, including moderation by physical activity. METHODS Cross-sectional baseline data from children (mean-age 8.2 ± 0.5 years) in Melbourne, Australia (2010) participating in the TransformUs program were used. Children simultaneously wore an activPAL to assess sitting time and an ActiGraph GT3X to assess sedentary time and physical activity intensity. Cardiometabolic health risk factors included: adiposity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC]), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin, and 25-hydroxyvitaminD (25[OH]D). Linear regression models (n = 71-113) assessed associations between sitting time with each health risk factor, adjusted for different PA intensities (i.e. light [LIPA], moderate-vigorous intensities [MVPA], separately on each model), age, sex, adiposity, and clustering by school. Interaction terms examined moderation. The analyses were repeated using device-measured sedentary time (i.e. ActiGraph GT3X) for comparison. RESULTS Sitting time was positively associated with SBP (b = 0.015; 95%CI: 0.004, 0.026), DBP (b = 0.012; 95%CI:0.004, 0.020), and FPG (b = 0.001; 95%CI: 0.000, 0.000), after adjusting for higher PA intensities. The association between sitting time and insulin (b = 0.003; 95%CI: 0.000, 0.006) was attenuated after adjusting for higher PA intensities. When the models were adjusted for LIPA and MVPA, there was a negative association with LDL (b=-0.001; 95%CI: -0.002, -0.000 and b=-0.001; 95%CI: -0.003, -0.000, respectively). There was a negative association of sedentary time with WCz (b=-0.003; 95%CI: -0.005, 0.000) and BMIz (b=-0.003; 95%CI: -0.006, -0.000) when the models were adjusted by MVPA. Sedentary time was positively associated with triglycerides (b = 0.001; 95%CI: 0.000, 0.001) but attenuated after adjusting for MVPA. No evidence of moderation effects was found. CONCLUSIONS Higher volumes of sitting and sedentary time were associated with some adverse associations on some cardiometabolic health risk factors in children. These associations were more evident when sitting time was the predictor. This suggests that reducing time spent sitting may benefit some cardiometabolic health outcomes, but future experimental research is needed to confirm causal relationships and identify the biological mechanisms that might be involved. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12609000715279.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Contardo Ayala
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Souilla L, Larsen AC, Juhl CB, Skou ST, Bricca A. Childhood and adolescence physical activity and multimorbidity later in life: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF MULTIMORBIDITY AND COMORBIDITY 2024; 14:26335565241231403. [PMID: 38333053 PMCID: PMC10851728 DOI: 10.1177/26335565241231403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Background No systematic summary exists on childhood physical activity and later-life multimorbidity risks. We primarily investigated the association of physical activity in childhood and adolescence and the development of multimorbidity in adulthood. Secondarily, we examined whether physical activity level differ in children and adolescents with and without multimorbidity and whether there is a cross-sectional association between physical activity and multimorbidity. Methods Following Cochrane Handbook guidelines and adhering to PRISMA recommendations, we included cross-sectional, case-control and longitudinal studies that investigated the association between physical activity in children and adolescents and development of multimorbidity. Results were summarized narratively and we assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42023407063. Results Of 9064 studies identified, 11 were included in 13 papers. Longitudinals studies suggested that being physically active in childhood and adolescence was associated with a lower risk of multimorbidity in adulthood. Three out of five studies reported lower physical activity level in children and adolescents with multimorbidity compared to those without, and two did not find a between-group difference. Cross-sectional evidence on the association between multimorbidity and lower physical activity was uncertain. Overall, the evidence certainty for all outcomes was considered low due to the indirectness and inconsistency in findings. Conclusions Childhood and adolescence physical activity appeared to be linked with a reduced risk of later-life multimorbidity but the certainty of the evidence is low. These results support the promotion of physical activity during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Souilla
- University of Montpellier, PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France
- CHRU Montpellier, Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference Centre, Montpellier, France
| | - Anders C. Larsen
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Carsten B. Juhl
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren T. Skou
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Alessio Bricca
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark
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Babiloni-Lopez C, Fritz N, Ramirez-Campillo R, Colado JC. Water-Based Exercise in Patients With Nonspecific Chronic Low-Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:206-219. [PMID: 38085630 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Babiloni-Lopez, C, Fritz, N, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Colado, JC. Water-based exercise in patients with nonspecific chronic low-back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 206-219, 2024-This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize evidence (i.e., active [land-based training] and nonactive controls [e.g., receiving usual care]) regarding the effects of water-based training on patients with nonspecific chronic low-back pain (NSCLBP). Web of Science (WOS), PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, EBSCO (SPORTDiscus; CINAHL), and PEDro were searched, with no date restrictions, until October 2021. The included studies satisfied the following criteria: (a) NSCLBP (≥12 weeks) patients, (b) water-based intervention, (c) control group (land-based trained; nonactive group), and (d) outcomes related to pain, disability, quality of life, or flexibility. The main outcome analyzed in the meta-analysis was pain intensity. Secondary outcomes included disability, body mass index, and flexibility. The random-effects model was used, and effect size (ES) values are presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The impact of heterogeneity was assessed (I2 statistic), with values of <25%, 25-75%, and >75% representing low, moderate, and high levels, respectively. Alpha was set at p < 0.05. In conclusion, 15 studies (n = 524) were meta-analyzed. After intervention, pain intensity was reduced compared with nonactive controls (ES = -3.61; p < 0.001) and a similar reduction was noted when compared with land-based trained group (ES = -0.14; p = 0.359). Greater decrease in disability (ES = 2.15; p < 0.001) and greater increase in sit-and-reach (i.e., flexibility; ES = -2.44; p < 0.001) were noted after intervention compared with the nonactive group. In conclusion, water-based exercise therapy reduces pain intensity, disability, and increases flexibility in NSCLBP compared with nonactive subjects and was equally effective compared with land-based exercise to reduce pain. Favorable effects may be expected at ≤8 weeks. However, due to several methodological issues (e.g., high heterogeneity), for the improvement of most outcomes, we are unable to provide other than a weak recommendation in favor of intervention compared with control treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Babiloni-Lopez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicole Fritz
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Health, University of Los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile; and
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Colado
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Howie EK, Lamm C, Shreve MD, Caldwell AR, Ganio MS. Beyond weight: associations between 24-hour movement behaviors, cardiometabolic and cognitive health in adolescents with and without obesity. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2023.2189875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Connie Lamm
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Marilou D. Shreve
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Aaron R. Caldwell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Matthew S. Ganio
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Ludwig-Walz H, Siemens W, Heinisch S, Dannheim I, Loss J, Bujard M. How the COVID-19 pandemic and related school closures reduce physical activity among children and adolescents in the WHO European Region: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:149. [PMID: 38115056 PMCID: PMC10731871 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research suggests that physical activity among children and adolescents decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a differentiated overview of European youth is lacking. In particular, no systematic analysis has been conducted to date on the impact of heterogeneous pandemic restrictions and school closures within European countries, and with regard to potentially vulnerable groups. METHODS We searched seven databases and included studies for children and adolescents (≤ 19 years) of the WHO European Region that compared physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic with a pre-pandemic baseline using validated measurement instruments. We used the Oxford Stringency Index and School Closure Index as indicators of restriction stringency. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, assessment of the study risk of bias (using the 'Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure' [ROBINS-E]) and certainty grading of evidence (using the GRADE approach), were all done in duplicate. Unpublished data was requested from study authors. Data were pooled in random effects models. An a priori protocol was published, reporting is carried out in accordance with the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS Of 14,897 non-duplicate records, 26 publications (n = 15,038 pre-pandemic, n = 13,041 during pandemic) met full inclusion criteria. Comparison before and during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a significant reduction in total physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.57 [95%CI, -0.95; -0.20]) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD, -0.43 [95% CI, -0.75; -0.10]), corresponding to a decrease of 12 min per day (a 20% reduction of the WHO recommendation). A decrease in sporting activity was also recorded. Subgroup analyses suggested that middle childhood (aged 8-12) and adolescents were particularly affected by the decline. School closures were associated with a reduction in physical activity. The certainty of evidence for all outcomes was low. CONCLUSIONS A sharp decline in all forms of physical activity was recorded among European children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This decline was higher during periods of school closure and mainly affected younger schoolchildren and adolescents. Immediate action by policy-makers and practitioners, as well as evidence-based public health strategies, are imperative in reversing this trend. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42023395871.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waldemar Siemens
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- Cochrane Germany, Cochrane Germany Foundation, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Heinisch
- Institute for Physical Education and Sport, University of Education, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Indra Dannheim
- Regional Innovation Center for Health and Quality of Life in Fulda (RIGL), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | | | - Martin Bujard
- Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Burns RD, Byun W, Bai Y, de Castro Silveira JF, Reuter CP. Dose-response associations of Monitor-Independent Movement Summary with health-related fitness in youth. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2286-2298. [PMID: 37403707 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the dose-response associations between Monitor-Independent Movement Summary (MIMS) units and health-related fitness in youth. The sample comprised US children and adolescents who participated in the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS; N = 1158, 48.9% female). Health-related fitness domains were assessed using tests of cardiorespiratory endurance (timed maximal and graded treadmill tests), muscular strength (modified pull-up and grip tests), and muscular endurance (plank test). Movement data were collected using wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers with raw data processed using MIMS and the calculated metrics of average MIMS/day, Peak 60-min MIMS, and Peak 30-min MIMS. Weighted regression models examined linear associations between MIMS metrics and fitness test scores. Nonlinear associations were examined using weighted spline models with knots placed at the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles. Models were adjusted for covariates and fit was examined using the coefficient of determination (R2 ). The strongest adjusted linear relationships included a positive association between MIMS/day (per every 1000 units) and maximal endurance times (b = 5.5 s, p < 0.001) and between Peak 60-min MIMS (per every 10 units) and estimated aerobic capacity (b = 1.7 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001), modified pull-ups (b = 0.7 reps, p < 0.001), and plank test scores (b = 5.0 s, p < 0.001). Linear spline models had slightly higher R2 values (R2 range = 16.9%-74.8%) compared to linear models (R2 range = 15.0%-74.5%). The relationship between MIMS metrics and fitness test scores was best modeled as piecewise linear functions. Although all MIMS metrics associated with cardiorespiratory endurance, Peak 60-min MIMS showed stronger associations with tests of muscular strength and endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Donald Burns
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - João Francisco de Castro Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
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Delisle Nyström C, Migueles JH, Henriksson P, Löf M. Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children from 4 to 9 Years of Age. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:99. [PMID: 37874410 PMCID: PMC10597983 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity guidelines for children encourage moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities (MVPA); however, some studies have found that only vigorous intensity activities (VPA) might promote health benefits in young children. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations of VPA and MVPA with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood using compositional data analysis. RESULTS This study utilized data from the SPINACH study (n = 411). Physical activity was measured with accelerometers at 4- and 9-years of age. CVD risk factors were measured at 9-years of age, and included blood pressure (BP), lipid metabolism, and glucose metabolism biomarkers, as well as a continuous metabolic syndrome risk score (MetS). Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression models were built using compositional data analysis standards. Cross-sectionally, reallocating time to VPA from lower-intensity behaviours at 9-years was associated with lower waist circumference (B = - 3.219, P = 0.002), diastolic BP (B = - 1.836, P = 0.036), triglycerides (B = - 0.214, P < 0.001), glucose (B = - 0.189, P = 0.033), insulin (B = - 2.997, P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = - 0.778, P < 0.001). Similarly, reallocating time to VPA at 4-years was associated with lower MetS (B = - 0.831, P = 0.049), waist circumference (B = - 4.211, P = 0.015), systolic BP (B = - 5.572, P = 0.015), diastolic BP (B = - 2.931, P = 0.044), triglycerides (B = - 0.229, P = 0.034), glucose (B = - 0.325, P = 0.032), insulin (B = - 5.114, P = 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = - 0.673, P = 0.001) at 9-years. Reallocations of time to MVPA at 4- or 9-years were not associated with CVD risk factors at 9-years. CONCLUSIONS VPA was associated with CVD risk factors in children both cross-sectionally (9-years) and longitudinally (at 4- and 9-years). MVPA seemed not to be a stimulus of enough intensity to trigger these potential cardiometabolic benefits in healthy children. Thus, these findings suggest the importance of higher intensity activities, i.e., VPA already in early childhood for cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Delisle Nyström
- Group MLÖ, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jairo H. Migueles
- Group MLÖ, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Group MLÖ, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Walker R, Salway R, House D, Emm-Collison L, Breheny K, Sansum K, Churchward S, Williams JG, Vocht FD, Hollingworth W, Jago R. The status of active after-school clubs among primary school children in England (UK) after the COVD-19 lockdowns: implications for policy and practice. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:120. [PMID: 37798727 PMCID: PMC10552244 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's physical activity in England is more dependent on active clubs after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic and related cost-of-living crisis have impacted on active club participation, costs and provision. This mixed-methods natural experiment explored school-based and community-based active clubs after lockdowns, using a unique combination of data sources to highlight implications for policy and practice post-COVID-19. METHODS Cross-sectional questionnaire data on school and community active clubs were collected from 10-11-year-old children pre-COVID-19 in 2017-18 (N = 1,296; 50 schools), in 2021 (N = 393; 23 schools), and 2022 (N = 463; 27 schools). Club participation and attendance frequency were modelled using logistic and Poisson mixed effects models, adjusted for child age, gender and household education. In 2021 and 2022, parents reported expenditure on community-based clubs and schools provided data on school-based club provision, with data summarised descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in 2021 and 2022, with one-to-one interviews with school staff (N = 18) and parents (N = 43), and twelve child focus groups (N = 92), and analysed using the framework method. RESULTS School-based active club participation was higher in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic (50% /43%), while community-based club participation was lower (74%/80%). Children attended 0.3 fewer clubs per week. Those from lower education households were less likely to participate in both types of active clubs, and girls less likely to attend community clubs. In 2022, the median cost of community and school club sessions were £6.67 and £3.88 respectively, with 52% of school-based clubs free to parents. Schools offered an average of 3.4 active clubs per week for 10-11-year-olds in 2022, with 34% partly/wholly subsidised. Qualitative analysis highlighted the impact of the cost-of-living crisis and COVID-19 pandemic on family resources, encouraging a shift to more affordable and convenient school-based active clubs, which negatively impacted the community-based active club environment. However, many schools struggled to meet this increased demand. CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasise the importance for policymakers to support schools to meet increased demand for clubs and community clubs to increase affordable and convenient physical activity opportunities. Targeted support is needed to prevent socioeconomic and gender inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Walker
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Katie Breheny
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Kate Sansum
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | | | - Joanna G Williams
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - William Hollingworth
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
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Ludwig-Walz H, Siemens W, Heinisch S, Dannheim I, Loss J, Bujard M. Physical activity and physical fitness among children and adolescents after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the WHO European Region: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073397. [PMID: 37730401 PMCID: PMC10514655 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The implementation of COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions resulted in limitations for physical activity (PA) opportunities, which may have initiated a longer-term behavioural change. The protocol describes the methodology for a planned systematic review that aims to summarise changes in PA and physical fitness (PF) in children and adolescents in the WHO European Region after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The protocol adheres to the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Protocols' (PRISMA-P) statement. Using a peer-reviewed search strategy according to the evidence-based checklist 'Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies' (PRESS), we will perform a systematic literature search in seven databases. Inclusion criteria are all primary studies that gathered data on children and adolescents ≤19 years living in the WHO European Region and made a comparison to pre-pandemic data. Primary outcomes are PA and PF. We will assess the risk of bias with the 'Risk of Bias Instrument for Non-Randomized Studies of Exposures' (ROBINS-E). The 'Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation' (GRADE) approach will be used for the evaluation of the certainty of evidence. Also, subgroup analyses will be performed (eg, for gender, age, stringency of pandemic restrictions). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected in this study. The results will be presented in a peer-reviewed publication and at congresses relevant to the research field. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023395871.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waldemar Siemens
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Cochrane Germany Foundation, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Indra Dannheim
- Regional Innovative Centre of Health and Quality of Live Fulda (RIGL), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Julika Loss
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Bujard
- Federal Institute for Population Studies, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Aira T, Kokko SP, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Kotkajuuri J, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Uusitalo A, Valtonen M, Villberg J, Niemelä O, Vähä-Ypyä H, Vasankari T. Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1807-1820. [PMID: 37254479 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS This cohort study encompassed 250 participants recruited from sports clubs and schools, and examined at mean age 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (via a data-driven method, using inactivity maintainers as a reference). The outcomes were: glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI). Linear growth curve models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, fruit/vegetable consumption, cigarette/snuff use, and change in the device wear-time. RESULTS Insulin and BMI increased among decreasers from moderate to low PA (β for insulin 0.23, 95% CI 0.03-0.46; β for BMI 0.90; CI 0.02-1.78). The concentration of HDL cholesterol decreased (β -0.18, CI -0.31 to -0.05) and that of glucose increased (β 0.18, CI 0.02-0.35) among decreasers from high to moderate PA. By contrast, among increasers, blood pressure declined (systolic β -6.43, CI -12.16 to -0.70; diastolic β -6.72, CI -11.03 to -2.41). CONCLUSIONS Already during the transition to young adulthood, changes in PA are associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Favorable blood pressure changes were found among PA increasers. Unfavorable changes in BMI, insulin, glucose, and HDL cholesterol were found in groups with decreasing PA. The changes were dependent on the baseline PA and the magnitude of the PA decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sami Petteri Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli Juhani Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jimi Kotkajuuri
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Uusitalo
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Onni Niemelä
- Medical Research Unit and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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11
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Walker R, House D, Salway R, Emm-Collison L, Hollander LE, Sansum K, Breheny K, Churchward S, Williams JG, de Vocht F, Hollingworth W, Foster C, Jago R. The new normal for children's physical activity and screen viewing: a multi-perspective qualitative analysis of behaviours a year after the COVID-19 lockdowns in the UK. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1432. [PMID: 37495976 PMCID: PMC10373375 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted children's physical activity. Recent evidence indicated children's accelerometer-measured physical activity levels have, on average, returned to near pre-pandemic levels in 2022, though sedentary behaviour remains higher. However, insufficient physical activity levels among children continues to be a critical public health issue in the UK, with only 41% meeting physical activity guidelines. This study aimed to provide in-depth analysis of how the pandemic has shaped children's physical activity patterns beyond the short-term periods following lockdowns and identify the new challenges to engaging children in physical activity. METHODS One-to-one interviews with parents (n = 22), school staff (n = 9), and six focus groups with children aged 10-11 years (n = 45) were conducted between February and July 2022. Topics explored changes to children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns, including screen-viewing, and factors influencing any changes. The framework method was used for analysis. RESULTS Five themes were generated. Theme 1 described residual lockdown habits, including increased screen-viewing within the home, while activities outside the home continued to feel less spontaneous. Theme 2 highlighted an interrupted development of social, emotional, and physical skills among children compared to what would be expected pre-pandemic. This coincided with Theme 3 which reflected increased mental health challenges among families, creating complex barriers to children's physical activity. A new normal for child physical activity was evoked and explored in Theme 4, with greater dependence on structured and organised activities. However, Theme 5 highlighted that girls and children with lower socio-economic position may be especially at risk of decreased physical activity. CONCLUSIONS There is a new normal for children's physical activity that is characterised by increased dependence on structured and organised physical activities, such as active clubs, and less on unstructured and spontaneous physical activities, such as physical play. While this may suit many children, girls and children from lower socio-economic households face barriers to participating in the new normal. It is important that affordable and equitable opportunities are provided to all children to prevent physical activity and health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Walker
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK.
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Lara E Hollander
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Kate Sansum
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Katie Breheny
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | | | - Joanna G Williams
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, BS1 9NE, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - William Hollingworth
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - Charlie Foster
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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12
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Carriedo A, Cecchini JA, Méndez-Giménez A. Factors Influencing the Likelihood of Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Adolescent Athletes: Type of Sport, Age, and Action Tendencies in Sport. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1248. [PMID: 37508745 PMCID: PMC10378413 DOI: 10.3390/children10071248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This article proposes a new approach to understand substance use among adolescent athletes. Thus, this article describes an investigation of the likelihood of alcohol and tobacco use in adolescent athletes considering the type of sport, age, gender, and their action tendencies. A total of 552 athletes with an age range of 12-16 years were engaged in medium-high-contact sports (n = 291) and non-contact sports (n = 261). They completed the Children's Action Tendency Scale, the Sport Children's Action Tendency Scale, and the Personal and Social Responsibility Questionnaire. The results showed that 16-year-old athletes were the most likely to drink alcohol and to smoke tobacco (p < 0.001). Likewise, it was found that practicing a medium-high-contact sport was a risk factor for alcohol and tobacco use (p < 0.01). The more aggressive athletes were more likely to have smoked tobacco during the last month (p = 0.019) and also to drink more alcohol that the less aggressive ones (p < 0.001). Finally, the athletes who showed more submissiveness were less likely to have drunk alcohol in the last year and the last month (p < 0.001). These findings show the predictive value of new factors associated with alcohol and tobacco use among adolescent athletes. Preventive measures should be targeted, since a new link between the action tendencies in sport and substance use has been found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Carriedo
- Department of Education Sciences, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Antonio Cecchini
- Department of Education Sciences, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio Méndez-Giménez
- Department of Education Sciences, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
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13
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Silva TO, Norde MM, Vasques AC, Zambom MP, Antonio MARDGM, Rodrigues AMDB, Geloneze B. Association of physical activity and sitting with metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemic clamp parameters in adolescents - BRAMS pediatric study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1191935. [PMID: 37396186 PMCID: PMC10310946 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1191935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have immediate and long-term consequences on adolescent health and well-being. Among the available treatments for MetS in adolescents, behavioral interventions such as increasing physical activity (PA) are preferred. This study aimed to investigate the association of PA and sitting time with MetS and a complete set of metabolic health parameters. Methods Data from the Pediatric Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study (BRAMS-P), a cross-sectional multicenter study conducted using a convenience sample of 448 Brazilian adolescents (10y-19y), were used. Sociodemographic and lifestyle information were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Daily PA and sitting time were estimated from the International PA Questionnaire. Anthropometric parameters, body composition, and blood pressure were measured by trained researchers. Blood lipids, uric acid, hepatic enzymes, creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, glucose, and insulin were measured in fasting blood samples, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance was calculated. A subsample of 57 adolescents underwent the hyperglycemic clamp protocol. Results The odds for metabolic syndrome were higher among adolescents who spent >8h sitting (OR (95%CI)=2.11 (1.02 - 4.38)), but not in those classified as active (OR (95%CI)=0.98 (0.42 - 2.26)). Adolescents who spent more time sitting had higher BMI, waist circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter, neck circumference, percentage of body fat, and worse blood lipid profile. The insulin sensitivity index was moderately and positively correlated with moderate-to-high PA in minutes per day (rho=0.29; p=0.047). Conclusion Time spent sitting was associated with worse metabolic parameters and must be restricted in favor of adolescent health. Regular PA is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and may be encouraged not only in adolescents with obesity or metabolic disorders but also to prevent adverse metabolic outcomes in normal-weight adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Investigation (LIMED), School of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Maintinguer Norde
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Investigation (LIMED), School of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Vasques
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Investigation (LIMED), School of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Geloneze
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Investigation (LIMED), School of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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14
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Cirillo E, Pompeo A, Cirillo FT, Vilaça-Alves J, Costa P, Ramirez-Campillo R, Dourado AC, Afonso J, Casanova F. Relationship between Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle and Upper and Lower Limb Muscle Strength in Athletes from Several Sports: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11050107. [PMID: 37234063 DOI: 10.3390/sports11050107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase angle (PhA) of bioelectrical impedance is determined by primary factors such as age, body mass index and sex. The researchers' interest in applying PhA to better understand the skeletal muscle property and ability has grown, but the results are still heterogeneous. This systematic review with a meta-analysis aimed to examine the existence of the relationship between PhA and muscle strength in athletes. The data sources used were PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science and the study eligibility criteria were based on the PECOS. The searches identified 846 titles. From those, thirteen articles were eligible. Results showed a positive correlation between PhA and lower limb strength (r = 0.691 [95% CI 0.249 to 0.895]; p = 0.005), while no meta-analysis was possible for the relationships between PhA and lower limb strength. Furthermore, GRADE shows very low certainty of evidence. In conclusion, it was found that most studies showed a positive correlation between PhA and vertical jump or handgrip strength. The meta-analysis showed the relationship between PhA and vertical jump, however, little is known for the upper limbs as was not possible to perform a meta-analysis, and for the lower limbs we performed it with four studies and only with vertical jump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton Cirillo
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES), Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Sports Science Department, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Alberto Pompeo
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES), Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - José Vilaça-Alves
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano (CIDESD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pablo Costa
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Antonio Carlos Dourado
- Sports Science Department, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - José Afonso
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Casanova
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES), Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
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15
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Hartz J, Bucholz E, Phipatanakul W, de Ferranti S, Powell-Wiley T. The association of objectively measured sedentary time with asthma in US youth: A glimpse into the connection between obesity and asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:1582-1591. [PMID: 36825385 PMCID: PMC10121908 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that asthma and obesity may share a common pathway, possibly through an increase in inflammation. Sedentary time is thought to promote both inflammation and obesity and previous studies have found a relationship between self-reported sedentary and asthma. However, the relationship between objectively measured sedentary time and asthma is not well described. We hypothesized that the association between asthma and sedentary time would not be present when physical activity was measured objectively, nor would objectively-measured sedentary time play an important role in the relationship between asthma and obesity. OBJECTIVE To determine if there is an association between asthma and objectively measured sedentary time in a large, nationally representative sample of the United States youth. METHODS Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006, we assessed the relationship between asthma and sedentary time using objectively measured and self-reported measures of sedentary time, in 6-19 years-old subjects with available accelerometry data. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine associations between the risk of asthma and sedentary time controlling for accelerometer wear time, gender, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index percentile, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). RESULTS In this cohort, youth with asthma self-reported more time in sedentary behavior, specifically computer time, than those without asthma (p = 0.01). However, when sedentary time was measured objectively by accelerometry, sedentary time did not differ between youth with and without asthma (421 min [standard deviation 4.2] versus. 414 min [standard deviation 7.8] [p = 0.38]). Controlling for measures of activity, such as MVPA, or time spent in long versus short bouts of sedentary time did not modify our results. CONCLUSIONS Differences in sedentary time by self-report between those with and without asthma were not born out by examining sedentary time using objective measures. Further work is necessary to examine the complex interaction among inactivity, obesity, and asthma over time, specifically focusing on whether the type of sedentary activity (e.g., computer vs. television time) is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Hartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Emily Bucholz
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Division Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sarah de Ferranti
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tiffany Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Building 10-CRC 5-5332, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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16
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Emm-Collison L, Salway R, Matthews J, Reid T, Jago R. Associations between the built environment, policies and curriculum in schools and primary school children’s physical activity. Wellcome Open Res 2023. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18262.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A large proportion of children in the UK do not engage in the recommended amount of physical activity. Schools are an environment where children spend a considerable portion of their time and have the potential to facilitate more physical activity. There has been little exploration of the specific school environment factors that are most pertinent to child physical activity and sedentary behaviour. This study was intended to fill this important gap. Methods: Data were collected between March 2017 and May 2018 from 50 schools and 1223 children who participated in the B-Proact1v cohort study. School level measures were the built environment (e.g. playground equipment, cycling parking, allotments), physical activity-related policies (e.g. policy to encourage active travel) and the use of physical activity in the curriculum (e.g. regular physical activity breaks throughout day). Children’s weekday moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated via Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. Associations between school context measures and children’s weekday MVPA were analysed using linear multilevel models, with children nested within schools, adjusted for individual characteristics. Results: On average, children at schools with allotments, a larger amount of playground equipment and where cycle training was offered, engaged in higher levels of MVPA. PE being compromised due to space was associated with lower levels of MVPA. Conclusions: Whilst there is a need for further exploration, the findings suggest that school-based provision and policies for active travel, sport and active play may be important to encouraging more primary school children to be more active more regularly.
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17
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Ardekani AM, Vahdat S, Hojati A, Moradi H, Tousi AZ, Ebrahimzadeh F, Farhangi MA. Evaluating the association between the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, mental health, and cardio-metabolic risk factors among individuals with obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:29. [PMID: 36726099 PMCID: PMC9893576 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several previous investigations have examined the brain-protective role of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet. However, more knowledge is needed about the MIND diet's other favorable impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the MIND diet, mental health, and metabolic markers in individuals with obesity. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included 339 individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 20-50 years. We utilized a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), we assessed dietary intake, including 168 food items, and calculated the value of MIND. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) guidelines. We assessed biochemical parameters using Enzymatic methods. Blood pressure and body composition were also determined. RESULTS Higher tertiles of the MIND diet score were associated with significantly higher energy intake, macronutrients, and brain-healthy food intakes (P < 0.001). Among the brain-unhealthy foods, only the intake of sweets and pastries was significantly lower in the highest versus lowest MIND tertiles. We also observed lower odds of stress (P < 0.05) and higher insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05) in the highest versus lowest MIND diet tertiles. We witnessed no significant changes in other parameters. CONCLUSION Lower stress levels and higher insulin sensitivity independent of some confounders like age, BMI, sex, and physical activity were associated with the highest tertile of MIND diet score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Vahdat
- Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Khorshid Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hojati
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Moradi
- Faculty of Medicine, Belarusian State Medical University (BSMU), Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri St., Daneshgah Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.
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18
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de Fontes PADS, Siqueira JH, Martins HX, Oliosa PR, Zaniqueli D, Mill JG, Alvim RDO. Sedentary Behavior, Dietary Habits, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Physically Active Children and Adolescents. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20220357. [PMID: 36753072 PMCID: PMC9882420 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior has been associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors during childhood. However, little is known about the impact of sedentary behavior on the health and eating habits of physically active children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors and eating habits in physically active children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted, including 516 physically active children and adolescents (10 to 18 years old; both sexes) enrolled in the social project "Estação Conhecimento-Vale" were evaluated. Biochemical and lifestyle variables (questionnaire) were collected. Sedentary behavior was determined indirectly (questionnaire), by using sitting time ≥ 3 hours per day as a cutoff point. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. RESULTS Sedentary behavior was not associated with overweight/obesity (odds ratio = 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.325-1.389]), hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio = 0.63 [95% CI: 0.306-1.297]), low HDL cholesterol (odds ratio = 0.57 [95% CI: 0.323-1.019]), or high non-HDL cholesterol (odds ratio = 0.63 [95% CI: 0.283-1.389]). However, children and adolescents with sedentary behavior were more likely to regularly consume food in front of the television (odds ratio = 1.96 [95% CI: 1.114-3.456]) and to consume at least one ultra-processed food per day (odds ratio = 2.42 [95% CI: 1.381-4.241]). In addition, they were less likely to consume fruit regularly (odds ratio = 0.52 [95% CI: 0.278-0.967]). CONCLUSION There was no association between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors in physically active children and adolescents. However, sedentary behavior was associated with inadequate eating habits. Thus, we may suggest that the regular engagement in physical activity may attenuate the deleterious effects of sedentary behavior on the cardiometabolic parameters of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Adriana dos Santos de Fontes
- Universidade Federal do AmazonasFaculdade de Educação Física e FisioterapiaManausAMBrasilUniversidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus, AM – Brasil
| | - Jordana Herzog Siqueira
- Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde ColetivaVitóriaESBrasilUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória, ES – Brasil
| | - Haysla Xavier Martins
- Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde ColetivaVitóriaESBrasilUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória, ES – Brasil
| | - Polyana Romano Oliosa
- Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde ColetivaVitóriaESBrasilUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória, ES – Brasil
| | - Divanei Zaniqueli
- Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências FisiológicasVitóriaESBrasilUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Vitória, ES – Brasil
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências FisiológicasVitóriaESBrasilUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Vitória, ES – Brasil
| | - Rafael de Oliveira Alvim
- Universidade Federal do AmazonasDepartamento de Ciências FisiológicasManausAMBrasilUniversidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Manaus, AM – Brasil
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19
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Cao Y, Zhu L, Chen Z, Zhanquan L, Xie W, Liang M. The effect of different intensity physical activity on cardiovascular metabolic health in obese children and adolescents: An isotemporal substitution model. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1041622. [PMID: 36875026 PMCID: PMC9975553 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1041622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study's purpose was to investigate the effects of different intensities of physical activity on cardiovascular metabolism in obese children and adolescents based on an isochronous replacement model. Methods: A total of 196 obese children and adolescents (mean age, 13.44 ± 1.71 years) who met the inclusion criteria and attended a summer camp from July 2019 to August 2021 were recruited for this study, and all subjects wore a GT3X + triaxial motion accelerometer uniformly around the waist to record physical activity levels. We collected the subjects' height, weight, and cardiovascular risk factors such as waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting lipids, blood pressure, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose before and after 4 weeks of camp and constructed cardiometabolic risk score (CMR-z). We analyzed the effects of different intensities of physical activity on cardiovascular metabolism in obese children using isotemporal substitution model (ISM). Results: After 4 weeks, cardiovascular risk factors such as body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were reduced in adolescents with obesity (p <0.01), and CMR-z was also reduced (p <0.01). ISM analysis revealed that all sedentary behavior (SB) replacement with 10 min of light physical activity (LPA) reduced CMR-z [β = -0.10, 95% CI (-0.20, -0.01)]; 10-min of moderate physical activity (MPA) replacement of SB reduced CMR-z [β = -0.32, 95% CI (-0.63, -0.01)]; 10-min of vigorous physical activity (VPA) replacement of SB reduced CMR-z [β = -0.39, 95% CI (-0.66, -0.12)]. Conclusion: Replacement of SB with 10 min of LPA, MPA, and VPA were all effective in improving cardiovascular risk health, respectively, but MPA or VPA was more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiang Cao
- Graduate Department of Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekai Chen
- Graduate Department of Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhanquan
- Graduate Department of Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Xie
- Graduate Department of Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manna Liang
- Graduate Department of Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Aljahdali AA, Baylin A, Ruiz-Narvaez EA, Kim HM, Cantoral A, Tellez-Rojo MM, Banker M, Peterson KE. Sedentary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in Mexican children and adolescents: analysis of longitudinal data. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:143. [PMID: 36456985 PMCID: PMC9714228 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior is a modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic health; however, the assessment of total sedentary time may not capture youth's highly active and interrupted activity patterns. This study examined the associations between sedentary activity patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among Mexican youth, who have a disproportionate burden of metabolic diseases, using a repeated measure design out of a longitudinal data. METHODS 570 subjects in the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort, who were followed up to three-time points during adolescence, were included. Bout duration, and frequency and percentages of waking time spent in specific intensities of activity, were quantified using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT wrist accelerometers. Self-reported questionnaires were used to query the usual duration of different sedentary behaviors. Outcomes were fasting lipid profile, markers for glucose homeostasis, anthropometry, and blood pressure. Associations were modeled using linear mixed-effects models, and isotemporal substitution approach was additionally used to assess the effect of replacing objectively assessed sedentary activity with other activity intensities, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Each hour of self-reported screen-based time was positively associated with diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) [β = 0.30, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.10, 0.51], and an hour of other sedentary time was associated with log serum glucose (mg/dL) [β = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.004, 0.017]. Substitution models showed that replacing 5% of sedentary time with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with lower waist circumference (cm) [β = - 1.35, 95% CI = - 1.91, - 0.79] and log serum triglycerides (mg/dL) [β = - 0.11, 95% CI = - 0.18, - 0.03]. Substituting one uninterrupted sedentary bout with light activity was associated with lower insulin (μIU/mL) [β = - 0.06, 95% CI = - 0.10, - 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary time was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in Mexican youth in a context-specific manner. Replacing sedentary time with higher intensities was associated with improvements in some cardiometabolic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A. Aljahdali
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Ana Baylin
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Edward A. Ruiz-Narvaez
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Center for Computing, Analytics and Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- grid.501731.10000 0004 0484 7567Department of Health, Iberoamerican University, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha M. Tellez-Rojo
- grid.415771.10000 0004 1773 4764Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Margaret Banker
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029 USA
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21
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Adolfsson P, Taplin CE, Zaharieva DP, Pemberton J, Davis EA, Riddell MC, McGavock J, Moser O, Szadkowska A, Lopez P, Santiprabhob J, Frattolin E, Griffiths G, DiMeglio LA. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:1341-1372. [PMID: 36537529 PMCID: PMC10107219 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adolfsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Kungsbacka Hospital, Kungsbacka, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Craig E Taplin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dessi P Zaharieva
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - John Pemberton
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael C Riddell
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan McGavock
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Diabetes Action Canada SPOR Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Othmar Moser
- Division Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Szadkowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology & Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Prudence Lopez
- Department of Paediatrics, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeerunda Santiprabhob
- Siriraj Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Linda A DiMeglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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22
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Ramirez-Campillo R, García-Hermoso A, Moran J, Chaabene H, Negra Y, Scanlan AT. The effects of plyometric jump training on physical fitness attributes in basketball players: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:656-670. [PMID: 33359798 PMCID: PMC9729929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing body of experimental evidence examining the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on physical fitness attributes in basketball players; however, this evidence has not yet been comprehensively and systematically aggregated. Therefore, our objective was to meta-analyze the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes in basketball players, in comparison to a control condition. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, up to July 2020. Peer-reviewed controlled trials with baseline and follow-up measurements investigating the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes (muscle power, i.e., jumping performance, linear sprint speed, change-of-direction speed, balance, and muscle strength) in basketball players, with no restrictions on their playing level, sex, or age. Hedge's g effect sizes (ES) were calculated for physical fitness variables. Using a random-effects model, potential sources of heterogeneity were selected, including subgroup analyses (age, sex, body mass, and height) and single training factor analysis (program duration, training frequency, and total number of training sessions). Computation of meta-regression was also performed. RESULTS Thirty-two studies were included, involving 818 total basketball players. Significant (p < 0.05) small-to-large effects of PJT were evident on vertical jump power (ES = 0.45), countermovement jump height with (ES = 1.24) and without arm swing (ES = 0.88), squat jump height (ES = 0.80), drop jump height (ES = 0.53), horizontal jump distance (ES = 0.65), linear sprint time across distances ≤10 m (ES = 1.67) and >10 m (ES = 0.92), change-of-direction performance time across distances ≤40 m (ES = 1.15) and >40 m (ES = 1.02), dynamic (ES = 1.16) and static balance (ES = 1.48), and maximal strength (ES = 0.57). The meta-regression revealed that training duration, training frequency, and total number of sessions completed did not predict the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes. Subgroup analysis indicated greater improvements in older compared to younger players in horizontal jump distance (>17.15 years, ES = 2.11; ≤17.15 years, ES = 0.10; p < 0.001), linear sprint time >10 m (>16.3 years, ES = 1.83; ≤16.3 years, ES = 0.36; p = 0.010), and change-of-direction performance time ≤40 m (>16.3 years, ES = 1.65; ≤16.3 years, ES = 0.75; p = 0.005). Greater increases in horizontal jump distance were apparent with >2 compared with ≤2 weekly PJT sessions (ES = 2.12 and ES = 0.39, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Data from 32 studies (28 of which demonstrate moderate-to-high methodological quality) indicate PJT improves muscle power, linear sprint speed, change-of-direction speed, balance, and muscle strength in basketball players independent of sex, age, or PJT program variables. However, the beneficial effects of PJT as measured by horizontal jump distance, linear sprint time >10 m, and change-of-direction performance time ≤40 m, appear to be more evident among older basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7500000, Chile.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14469, Germany; High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Kef, University of Jendouba, La Manouba 8189, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Negra
- Research Unit (UR 17JS01, Sport Performance, Health & Society), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of "La Manouba", Rockhampton 2037, Tunisia
| | - Aaron T Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, QLD 4702, Australia
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23
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Wang T, Qian Y, Zhong T, Qi J. Associations between Fundamental Movement Skills and Moderate-to-Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity among Chinese Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13057. [PMID: 36293635 PMCID: PMC9603295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Higher physical activity (PA) levels will obtain more health-related benefits for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). The mastery of fundamental movement skills (FMS) potentially correlates with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of FMS with moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) levels in children and adolescents with moderate to severe ID. Moreover, this research analyzes whether there are gender and age differences in the association between these two variables. A total of 93 children and adolescents with ID, aged 8-17 years (mean age = 13.27; SD = 3.35), were recruited from a special school located in western China. The time spent in MVPA was measured using waist-worn accelerometers. FMS proficiency was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2). Children and adolescents with ID tend to have delayed maturity of FMS patterns (locomotor skills t (92) = -16.91, p < 0.001, d = 2.48; object control skills t (92) = -25.39, p < 0.001, d = 3.72; total FMS t (92) = -21.83, p < 0.001, d = 3.20) and lower proficiency in objective control skills (t (92) = 3.989, p < 0.001, d = 0.29). A significant positive correlation was found between MVPA and FMS, and this association was moderated by gender and age. For boys, object control skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.842, p < 0.01), whereas locomotor skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.472, p < 0.05) for girls. For children with ID, object control skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.736, p < 0.05). Proficiency in FMS has a positive effect on increasing the level of MVPA in children and adolescents with ID. Gender and age factors should be considered when implementing FMS intervention programs.
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24
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Suliga E, Ciesla E, Lelonek M, Piechowska A, Gluszek S. Lifestyle elements and risk of metabolic syndrome in adults. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275510. [PMID: 36178963 PMCID: PMC9524662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to investigate which elements of lifestyle are associated with metabolic health in adults, defined as the absence of components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Methods Data from 10,277 individuals aged 40–65 years constituted the material of this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses with backward stepwise selection were carried out to identify the factors associated with the absence of metabolic disorders. Results No family history of cardiovascular disease increased the odds of being metabolically healthy 1.5-2-fold. Furthermore, the following factors were associated with higher odds of being metabolically healthy in men: abstinence from alcohol (healthy individuals vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 5.49 (2.23–13.52); p<0.001], ≥2 [OR = 4.52 (1.87–10.91); p = 0.001], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 3.04 (1.41–6.56); p = 0.005]), moderate alcohol use (healthy individuals vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 3.36 (1.54–7.32); p = 0.002], ≥2 [OR = 3.28 (1.52–7.10); p = 0.002], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 3.93 (1.64–9.42); p = 0.002]), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) >2 hours/day and sitting time of 3–6 hours/day. Drinking >2 cups of coffee per day (healthy vs. those with ≥3 [OR = 2.00 (1.47–2.71)], ≥2 [OR = 1.84 (1.38–2.45)], and ≥1 components of MetS [OR = 1.72 (1.30–2.28); all p<0.001]), limiting animal fats to <2 servings/day, MVPA >2 hours/day, and 7–8 hours of sleep per day were associated with higher odds of being metabolically healthy in women. Conclusions A healthy lifestyle increased the odds of being metabolically healthy. Some lifestyle modifications may appear effective in prevention of not only MetS, but also single metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Suliga
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Ciesla
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lelonek
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Agnieszka Piechowska
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Gluszek
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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25
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Singh U, Ramachandran AK, Ramirez-Campillo R, Perez-Castilla A, Afonso J, Manuel Clemente F, Oliver J. Jump rope training effects on health- and sport-related physical fitness in young participants: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:1801-1814. [PMID: 36121177 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2099161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to assess the available body of published peer-reviewed articles related on the effects of jump rope training (JRT) compared with active/passive controls on health- and sport-related physical fitness outcomes. Searches were conducted in three databases, including studies that satisfied the following criteria: i) healthy participants; ii) a JRT programprogramme; iii) active or traditional control group; iv) at least one measure related to health- and sport-related physical fitness; v) multi-arm trials. The random-effects model was used for the meta-analyses. Twenty-one moderate-high quality (i.e., PEDro scale) studies were meta-analysed, involving 1,021 participants (male, 50.4%). Eighteen studies included participants with a mean age <18 years old. The duration of the JRT interventions ranged from 6 to 40 weeks. Meta-analyses revealed improvements (i.e., p = 0.048 to <0.001; ES = 0.23-1.19; I2 = 0.0-76.9%) in resting heart rate, body mass index, fat mass, cardiorespiratory endurance, lower- and upper-body maximal strength, jumping, range of motion, and sprinting. No significant JRT effects were noted for systolic-diastolic blood pressure, waist-hip circumference, bone or lean mass, or muscle endurance. In conclusion, JRT, when compared to active and passive controls, provides a range of small-moderate benefits that span health- and sport-related physical fitness outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Singh
- Sport and Exercise Science, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Ramachandran
- Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory. School of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - José Afonso
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto E Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana Do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial E Comercial de Nun'álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jon Oliver
- Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK.,Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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26
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Walker R, House D, Emm-Collison L, Salway R, Tibbitts B, Sansum K, Reid T, Breheny K, Churchward S, Williams JG, de Vocht F, Hollingworth W, Foster C, Jago R. A multi-perspective qualitative exploration of the reasons for changes in the physical activity among 10-11-year-old children following the easing of the COVID-19 lockdown in the UK in 2021. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:114. [PMID: 36064548 PMCID: PMC9444096 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active-6 is exploring how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted physical activity behaviour among Year 6 children (aged 10–11 years) and their parents in Southwest England. Initial findings from the Active-6 project have shown a 7–8 min decrease in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour among children following the easing of restrictions in the UK in latter half of 2021. This finding suggests that the pandemic has had a persistent impact on child physical activity behaviour. This paper explored the possible mechanisms behind these changes. Methods Interviews with parents (n = 21), members of school staff (n = 9) and focus groups with children aged 10–11 years (n = 47) were conducted between August and December 2021 to discuss the impact of the pandemic on child physical activity behaviour. The framework method was used for analysis. Results Five themes spanning two key stages of the pandemic were described. Three themes related to the period of lockdowns and fluctuating restrictions (March 2020 – April 2021). These included: Theme 1) Lockdown: A short-lived adventure; Theme 2) Access to facilities during restrictions; and Theme 3) The importance of the parent. A further two themes were identified related to the period following the gradual easing of restrictions in April 2021. These included: Theme 4) An overwhelming return to normal; and Theme 5) Reopening fatigue. Conclusions The analysis suggested that feelings of novelty experienced during the initial stages of lockdown waned as restrictions were prolonged, creating an increasingly challenging period for parents and their children. However, during periods of restrictions, the importance of parental encouragement and access to appropriate facilities in the local and home environment helped facilitate physical activity. Following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions, emotional overwhelm and physical fatigue among children, stemming from a sedentary and socially isolated life in lockdown and other restrictions, were key contributors to the decreased moderate to vigorous physical activity and increased sedentary behaviour that was observed in a related quantitative study. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01356-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Walker
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Byron Tibbitts
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Kate Sansum
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Tom Reid
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK.,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Katie Breheny
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | | | - Joanna G Williams
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.,Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, BS1 9NE, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.,The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - William Hollingworth
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.,The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - Charlie Foster
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ, UK. .,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK. .,The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK. .,NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Validation of a Parent-Reported Physical Activity Questionnaire by Accelerometry in European Children Aged from 6 to 12 Years Old. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159178. [PMID: 35954544 PMCID: PMC9367891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Validated physical activity (PA) questionnaires are crucial for collecting information in large epidemiological studies during childhood. Thus, this study analyzed the validity of a parent-reported PA questionnaire based on the Children’s Leisure Activities Study Survey by accelerometry in European children aged from 6 to 12 years old. We used data from 230 children of the Human Early-Life Exposome and Infancia y Medio Ambiente projects. Mean differences between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) reported by the questionnaire and the accelerometer were calculated (min/day), and its associated factors were explored by multiple robust linear regression. The agreement between methods was examined using a Bland−Altman plot. The concurrent validity of assessing MVPA was analyzed by cohort-adjusted Spearman’s partial correlations. ROC curve analysis was also used to explore the questionnaire’s capability to identify active children based on the World Health Organization guidelines. A moderate correlation was found between parent-reported and accelerometer MVPA (rho = 0.41, p < 0.001). The child’s sex (girl) was statistically associated with the mean MVPA difference between methods. However, this questionnaire accurately identified physically active children (area under the curve = 83.8% and 82.7% for boys and girls, cut-points = 68.6 and 45.4 min/day in MVPA, respectively). Consequently, this questionnaire is suitable for classifying active children in order to monitor public health interventions regarding PA.
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28
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Van Dyck D, Barnett A, Cerin E, Conway TL, Esteban-Cornejo I, Hinckson E, Rubín L, Rush E, Baron-Epel O, Cain KL, Christiansen LB, Islam MZ, Mitáš J, Molina-García J, Oyeyemi A, Ranjani H, Reis R, Santos MP, Sit C, Timperio A, Muda WAMW, Sallis JF. Associations of accelerometer measured school- and non-school based physical activity and sedentary time with body mass index: IPEN Adolescent study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:85. [PMID: 35836235 PMCID: PMC9284738 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined the strength, shape and direction of associations of accelerometer-assessed overall, school- and non-school-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with BMI among adolescents across the world. Second, we examined whether these associations differed by study site and sex. Methods Cross-sectional data from the IPEN Adolescent study, an observational multi-country study, were used. Participants wore an accelerometer for seven days, reported height and weight, and completed a socio-demographic survey. In total, 4852 adolescents (46.6% boys), aged 11–19 years (mean age = 14.6, SD = 1.7 years) were included in the analyses, using generalized additive mixed models. Results Adolescents accumulated on average 41.3 (SD = 22.6) min/day of MVPA and 531.8 (SD = 81.1) min/day of ST, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17.2% (IOTF), but these mean values differed by country. Linear negative associations of accelerometer-based MVPA and ST with standardized BMI scores and the likelihood of being overweight/obese were found. School-based ST and non-school-based MVPA were more strongly negatively associated to the outcomes than non-school based ST and school-based MVPA. Study site moderated the associations; adolescent sex did not. No curvilinear associations were found. Conclusions This multi-country study confirmed the importance of MVPA as a potential protective factor against overweight/obesity in adolescents. Non-school-based MVPA seemed to be the main driver of these associations. Unexpected results were found for ST, calling for further examination in methodologically sound international studies but using inclinometers or pressure sensors to provide more precise ST measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Van Dyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Baker Health and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Elaine Rush
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mohammed Zakiul Islam
- Department of Architecture, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Javier Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression Teaching, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adewale Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University, St Louis, USA.,Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cindy Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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Barbosa AO, Penha Freire Silva JMD, da Silva DJ, Cabral TG, de Jesus FM, Mendonça G, Filho AP, Dias Moura IR, Cristina E, Silva Rocha SRD, Farias Júnior JCD. Longitudinal association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and lipid profile indicators in adolescents. Eur J Sport Sci 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35786394 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2098057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association between time engaged in moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity (PA) and indicators of lipid profile in adolescents. This longitudinal study with a four-year follow-up (2014 to 2017), and three collection points (2014, 2015 and 2017) analyzed the data of 136 adolescents aged between 10 and 13 years (53.7% girls), in João Pessoa, Paraíba state, Brazil. The time in MPA, VPA and MVPA times was measured by Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. The lipid profile indicators analyzed were total cholesterol (TC), low-density (LDL-C) and high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-c ratios. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to analyze the association between PA and lipid profile indicators. There was an inverse association between MPA time and TC values (ß = -0.560; 95%CI: -1.116; -0.004); VPA and LDL-C (ß = -0.962; 95%CI: -1.678; -0.246) and non-HDL-C (ß = -0.955; 95%CI: -1.708; -0.201); and MVPA and TC (ß = -0.436; 95%CI: -0.816; -0.055), TG (ß = -0.415; 95%CI: -0.712; -0.118), LDL-C (ß = -0.460; 95%CI: -0.823; -0.096), non-HDL-C (ß = -0.522; 95%CI: -0.908; -0.136) and TC/HDL-C (ß = -0.472; 95%CI: -0.889; -0.055). We conclude that over 4 years, adolescents more engaged in PA, especially in MVPA, exhibited better levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL-C; and AFV exerted a greater influence on LDL-c and non-HDL-c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Oliveira Barbosa
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Júnio da Silva
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Tayse Guedes Cabral
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Felipe Moreira de Jesus
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Gerfeson Mendonça
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Cesmac University Center, Physical Education Course, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Alcides Prazeres Filho
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Ially Rayssa Dias Moura
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Cristina
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Sandro Raniel da Silva Rocha
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
- Study and Research Group in the Epidemiology of Physical Activity, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.,Associate Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.,Federal University of Paraíba - UFPB, Department of Physical Education - DEF, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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30
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Relations between physical activity, sedentary time, and body fat from childhood to adolescence: Do they differ by sex? Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1615-1623. [PMID: 35662270 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efforts to reveal the direction of influence between physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST) and body fat in youth have produced inconsistent results, possibly due to a lack of adjustment for confounders and other factors. Sex-specific associations have rarely been studied. METHODS A sample from two Norwegian birth cohorts (n = 809) were followed biennially over five waves from the age of 6-14 years. Physical activity and ST were recorded by accelerometers, and body fat was assessed by bioelectrical impedance measurements. RESULTS By applying a dynamic panel model (DPM) that adjusts for all time-invariant confounding factors, it was found that among boys, increased fat mass index (FMI) at ages 8, 10 and 12 years predicted decreased PA two years later (8-10 years: B = -0.67, (95% CI: -1.1, -0.24); 10-12 years: B = -0.33, (95% CI: -0.61, -0.05); 12-14 years: B = -0.29, (95% CI: -0.52, -0.06)). Regarding the opposite direction of influence, more PA at age 12 forecasted reduced FMI at age 14 (B = -0.16, (95% CI: -0.24, -0.07)), whereas increased FMI predicted increased ST across all time points in boys only (6-8 years: B = 0.23, (95% CI:0.02.43); 8-10 years: B = 0.23, (95% CI:.08.39); 10-12 years: B = 0.13, (95% CI:.03.23); 12-14 years: B = 0.17, (95% CI:.07, 26)). The revealed relationships were significantly stronger in boys compared to the (absent) relations in girls. Sensitivity analyses examining moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) rather than total PA were in accordance with the main findings. CONCLUSIONS In boys, increased FMI predicted reduced PA and increased ST two years later from childhood to adolescence. The opposite direction of influence was evident from only ages 12-14. There were no prospective relationships between FMI and PA or ST among girls.
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31
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Zago M, Lovecchio N, Galli M. Players at home: Physical activity and quality of life in 12-17 years-old football (soccer) players during the Covid-19 lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING 2022; 17:626-636. [PMID: 35663129 PMCID: PMC9086221 DOI: 10.1177/17479541211041703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive preventive actions were required to face the Covid-19 outbreak. However, from March 2020 on, many healthy youth football players have seen their sporting activities disrupted by the restrictions on outdoor exercise.This study describes physical activity and quality of life during April 2020 lockdown of young people participating in organized football. METHODS 1163 young football players aged 12-17 years (185 girls) completed a web-based questionnaire including the Youth Physical Activity and the Youth Quality of Life-Short Form Questionnaires; information on lifestyle and football-specific activity were also collected. Differences according to sex, urban/rural context and élite/non-élite club level were tested using a 2 × 2 × 2 MANOVA (age considered as a covariate). RESULTS We found that: (i) on average, exposure to football accounted for 3.2 hours/week, was higher in élite clubs and changed in nature, being mainly performed individually; 19% of participants practiced football <1 hour/week; (ii) only 56% of the participants reported 7 or more hours/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, which decreased with age and changed according to the geographical context; (iii) perceived quality of life was lower in youth playing for non-elite clubs and in older girls; (iv) coaches, rather that official initiatives, were the primary source of football exercises practiced at home. CONCLUSION A status of limited physical activity emerged; this might lead to deconditioning and susceptibility to injuries when football could restart. Governing bodies, football Associations and clubs could exploit these results to take informed decisions and support evidence-based interventions during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zago
- Matteo Zago, Dipartimento di Meccanica, via
La Masa 1, Milano 20156, Italy.
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32
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Salway R, Foster C, de Vocht F, Tibbitts B, Emm-Collison L, House D, Williams JG, Breheny K, Reid T, Walker R, Churchward S, Hollingworth W, Jago R. Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time among children and their parents in the UK before and after COVID-19 lockdowns: a natural experiment. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:51. [PMID: 35570265 PMCID: PMC9107948 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic reduced physical activity provision for both children and their parents. Recent studies have reported decreases in physical activity levels during lockdown restrictions, but these were largely reliant on self-report methods, with data collected via unrepresentative self-report surveys. The post-pandemic impacts on children's activity levels remain unknown. A key question is how active children become once lockdown restrictions are lifted. METHODS Active-6 is a repeated cross-sectional natural experiment. Accelerometer data from 1296 children aged 10-11 and their parents were collected in 50 schools in the Greater Bristol area, UK in March 2017-May 2018 (pre-COVID-19 comparator group), and compared to 393 children aged 10-11 and parents in 23 of the same schools, collected in May-December 2021. Mean minutes of accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were derived for weekdays and weekend and compared pre- and post-lockdown via linear multilevel models. RESULTS After adjusting for seasonality, accelerometer wear time and child/parent demographics, children's mean weekday and weekend MVPA were 7.7 min (95% CI: 3.5 to 11.9) and 6.9 min (95% CI: 0.9 to 12.9) lower in 2021 than in 2018, respectively, while sedentary time was higher by 25.4 min (95% CI: 15.8 to 35.0) and 14.0 min (95% CI: 1.5 to 26.5). There was no evidence that differences varied by child gender or household education. There was no significant difference in parents' MVPA or sedentary time, either on weekdays or weekends. CONCLUSIONS Children's MVPA was lower by 7-8 min/day in 2021 once restrictions were lifted than before the pandemic for all groups, on both weekdays and weekends. Previous research has shown that there is an undesirable age-related decline in children's physical activity. The 8-min difference reported here would be broadly comparable to the decline that would have previously been expected to occur over a three-year period. Parents' physical activity was similar to pre-pandemic levels. Our results suggest that despite easing of restrictions, children's activity levels have not returned to pre-pandemic levels. There is an urgent need to understand why these changes have occurred and how long they are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Salway
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | - Charlie Foster
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS UK ,grid.451056.30000 0001 2116 3923Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), The National Institute for Health Research, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT UK
| | - Byron Tibbitts
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | - Danielle House
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | - Joanna G. Williams
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS UK ,grid.33692.3d0000 0001 0048 3880 Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, BS1 9NE UK
| | - Katie Breheny
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS UK
| | - Tom Reid
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS UK
| | - Robert Walker
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 ITZ UK
| | | | - William Hollingworth
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS UK ,grid.451056.30000 0001 2116 3923Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), The National Institute for Health Research, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, ITZ, UK. .,Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8, 2PS, UK. .,Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), The National Institute for Health Research, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK.
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Body composition adaptations to lower-body plyometric training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Sport 2022; 39:273-287. [PMID: 35309540 PMCID: PMC8919888 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.104916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to explore the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on body composition parameters among males. Relevant articles were searched in the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, WOS, and SCOPUS, using the key words “ballistic”, “complex”, “explosive”, “force-velocity”, “plyometric”, “stretch-shortening cycle”, “jump”, “training”, and “body composition”. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigating the effects of PJT in healthy male’s body composition (e.g., muscle mass; body fat), irrespective of age. From database searching 21 RCTs were included (separate experimental groups = 28; pooled number of participants = 594). Compared to control, PJT produced significant increases in total leg muscle volume (small ES = 0.55, p = 0.009), thigh muscle volume (small ES = 0.38, p = 0.043), thigh girth (large ES = 1.78, p = 0.011), calf girth (large ES = 1.89, p = 0.022), and muscle pennation angle (small ES = 0.53, p = 0.040). However, we did not find significant difference between PJT and control for muscle cross-sectional area, body fat, and skinfold thickness. Heterogeneity remained low-to-moderate for most analyses, and using the Egger’s test publication bias was not found in any of the analyses (p = 0.300–0.900). No injuries were reported among the included studies. PJT seems to be an effective and safe mode of exercise for increasing leg muscle volume, thigh muscle volume, thigh and calf girth, and muscle pennation angle. Therefore, PJT may be effective to improve muscle size and architecture, with potential implications in several clinical and sport-related contexts.
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Sehn AP, Brand C, de Castro Silveira JF, Andersen LB, Gaya AR, Todendi PF, de Moura Valim AR, Reuter CP. What is the role of cardiorespiratory fitness and sedentary behavior in relationship between the genetic predisposition to obesity and cardiometabolic risk score? BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:92. [PMID: 35264112 PMCID: PMC8905833 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02537-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic factors along with inadequate lifestyle habits are associated with the development of cardiometabolic alterations. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the role of sedentary behavior on the relationship between rs9939609 polymorphism (fat mass and obesity-associated gene-FTO) and cardiometabolic risk score according to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels in children and adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study with 1215 children and adolescents (692 girls), aged between 6 and 17 years. Screen time as a marker of sedentary behavior was evaluated through a self-reported questionnaire and CRF was estimated using the 6-min walking and running test. The genotyping of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism was performed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clustered cardiometabolic risk score (cMetS) was calculated by summing z-scores of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, glucose, systolic blood pressure, and waist circumference, and dividing it by five. Moderation analyses were tested using multiple linear regression models. Results The coefficient of the interaction term of FTO (rs9939609) and screen time indicated that screen time was a significant moderator on the relationship between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and cMetS (p = 0.047) in children and adolescents classified with low CRF (β = 0.001; 95% CI = 0.001; 0.002). It was observed a significant association between genotype risk (AA) of FTO polymorphism and cMetS, in participants that spent more than 378 min a day in front of screen-based devices (β = 0.203; 95% CI = 0.000; 0.405). No interaction term was found for those with high CRF. Conclusions High sedentary behavior seems to influence the relationship between genetic predisposition to obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with low CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Brand
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
| | - João Francisco de Castro Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Lars Bo Andersen
- Faculty of Education, Arts and Sport, Westerm Norway University of Applied Sciences, Songdal, Norway.,Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance. Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Ferreira Todendi
- Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil.,Life Sciences Department, University of Santa Cruz Do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil.,Health Sciences Department, University of Santa Cruz Do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Impact of BMI, Physical Activity, and Sitting Time Levels on Health-Related Outcomes in a Group of Overweight and Obese Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7010012. [PMID: 35076606 PMCID: PMC8788475 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity level and sedentary behaviors affect health status in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM2); their assessment is mandatory to properly prescribe exercise programs. From January 2011 to February 2014, 293 overweight/obese adults (165 women and 128 men, mean age of 51.9 ± 9.5 years and 54.6 ± 8.3 years, respectively), with and without DM2, participated in a three-month intensive exercise program. Before starting, participants were allocated into three subgroups (overweight, body mass index or BMI = 25-29.9; class 1 of obesity, BMI = 30-34.4; or class 2 (or superior) of obesity, BMI > 35). The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-it) was used to evaluate participants' baseline sitting time (SIT) and physical activity level (PAL). Stratified multiple analyses were performed using four subgroups of SIT level according to Ekelund et al., 2016 (low, 8 h/day of SIT) and three subgroups for PAL (high, moderate, and low). Health-related measures such as anthropometric variables, body composition, hematic parameters, blood pressure values, and functional capacities were studied at the beginning and at the end of the training period. An overall improvement of PAL was observed in the entire sample following the three-month intensive exercise program together with a general improvement in several health-related measures. The BMI group factor influenced the VO2 max variations, leg press values, triglycerides, and anthropometric variables, while the SIT group factor impacted the sitting time, VO2 max, glycemic profile, and fat mass. In this study, baseline PAL and SIT did not seem to influence the effects of an exercise intervention. The characteristics of our educational program, which also included a physical exercise protocol, allowed us to obtain positive results.
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Tornquist D, Tornquist L, Sehn AP, Schneiders LDB, Pollo Renner JDD, Rech Franke SI, Reuter CP, Kelishadi R. Cardiorespiratory fitness, screen time and cardiometabolic risk in South Brazilian school children. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:10-17. [PMID: 35038932 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a beneficial effect of physical activity (PA). PA and excessive screen time have implications for cardiometabolic risk. Objective: To verify the association between screen time and CRF grouped by cardiometabolic risk factors. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional study evaluated 1,253 schoolchildren (54.2% girls) aged seven to 17 years from southern Brazil. The outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, glucose, and lipid profile. Exposure was a combined variable of self-reported screen time (television, video game, computer) and CRF. Results: The main result is that CRF had a more consistent association with anthropometric factors than with metabolic variables. Low CRF students, regardless of screen time, showed a 15% increase in the risk of elevated WC (p < 0.001) and a 24% (<2h screen time) and 19% (≥2h) higher risk of overweight (p < 0.001). Second, the increase in SBP was associated with a combination of the two risk factors, ≥2h screen time/low CRF was associated with a 7% increase in elevated SBP (p = 0.025). Conclusion: Low CRF was a risk factor for elevated BMI and WC, regardless of screen time. High screen time and low CRF were associated with higher SBP values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Tornquist
- Postgraduate program in physical education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Tornquist
- Postgraduate program in physical education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Sehn
- Postgraduate program in health promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul. Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvia Isabel Rech Franke
- Postgraduate program in health promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul. Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Postgraduate program in health promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul. Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Busnatu SS, Serbanoiu LI, Lacraru AE, Andrei CL, Jercalau CE, Stoian M, Stoian A. Effects of Exercise in Improving Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010082. [PMID: 35052246 PMCID: PMC8775269 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of exercise in improving cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight children and adolescents until the adolescent age, which is 18 years. A systemic search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, from inception to 29 June 2021. All statistical analyses were conducted in Review Manager 5.4.1. All studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. A random-effect model was used to pool the studies, and the results are reported in the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence interval (CI). Twelve randomized control trials were selected for meta-analysis. Significant results were obtained for BMI in children after the interventions (0.38 95% CI 0.14, 0.62; p = 0.002; I2 = 65%). LDL level was also found significantly reduced (0.41 95% CI 0.01, 0.82; p = 0.05; I2 = 83%). Other factors such as HDL level, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body weight, and waist circumference were also analyzed. We found that exercise interventions significantly improved several cardiometabolic risk factors such as BMI, LDL level, BP, and blood glucose level. However, no significant effect on HDL concentration, waist circumference, and body weight were found. Long-term interventions are needed to attain improvement in all cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Liviu Ionut Serbanoiu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andreea Elena Lacraru
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Catalina Liliana Andrei
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Cosmina Elena Jercalau
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Marilena Stoian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anca Stoian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.S.B.); (A.E.L.); (C.L.A.); (C.E.J.); (M.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Bolster EAM, van Gessel C, Welten M, Hermsen S, van der Lugt R, Kotte E, van Essen A, Bloemen MAT. Using a Co-design Approach to Create Tools to Facilitate Physical Activity in Children With Physical Disabilities. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2021; 2:707612. [PMID: 36188842 PMCID: PMC9397745 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2021.707612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: There is a lack of effective interventions available for Pediatric Physical Therapists (PPTs) to promote a physically active lifestyle in children with physical disabilities. Participatory design methods (co-design) may be helpful in generating insights and developing intervention prototypes for facilitating a physically active lifestyle in children with physical disabilities (6–12 years). Materials and methods: A multidisciplinary development team of designers, developers, and researchers engaged in a co-design process–together with parents, PPTs, and other relevant stakeholders (such as the Dutch Association of PPTs and care sports connectors). In this design process, the team developed prototypes for interventions during three co-creation sessions, four one-week design sprint, living-lab testing and two triangulation sessions. All available co-design data was structured and analyzed by three researchers independently resulting in themes for facilitating physical activity. Results: The data rendered two specific outcomes, (1) knowledge cards containing the insights collected during the co-design process, and (2) eleven intervention prototypes. Based on the generated insights, the following factors seem important when facilitating a physically active lifestyle: a) stimulating self-efficacy; b) stimulating autonomy; c) focusing on possibilities; d) focusing on the needs of the individual child; e) collaborating with stakeholders; f) connecting with a child's environment; and g) meaningful goal setting. Conclusion: This study shows how a co-design process can be successfully applied to generate insights and develop interventions in pediatric rehabilitation. The designed prototypes facilitate the incorporation of behavioral change techniques into pediatric rehabilitation and offer new opportunities to facilitate a physically active lifestyle in children with physical disabilities by PPTs. While promising, further studies should examine the feasibility and effectivity of these prototypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline A. M. Bolster
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Eline A. M. Bolster
| | - Christa van Gessel
- Co-design Research Group, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maxime Welten
- Research Group Participation and Urban Development, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sander Hermsen
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
- OnePlanet Research Center, Imec the Netherlands, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Remko van der Lugt
- Co-design Research Group, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Anita van Essen
- Co-design Research Group, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manon A. T. Bloemen
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
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dos Santos GC, Nascimento Queiroz J, Leal-Menezes R, Leone Caetano G, Teodoro JL, Pinto RS, Reischak-Oliveira Á, Rodrigues-Krause J. Cardiorespiratory responses to isolated dance steps in young girls. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2021.1981050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cristina dos Santos
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Nascimento Queiroz
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Leal-Menezes
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gianluca Leone Caetano
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lopes Teodoro
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josianne Rodrigues-Krause
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kolb S, Burchartz A, Oriwol D, Schmidt SCE, Woll A, Niessner C. Indicators to Assess Physical Health of Children and Adolescents in Activity Research-A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010711. [PMID: 34682457 PMCID: PMC8535832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sufficient physical activity can help promote and maintain health, while its lack can jeopardize it. Since health and physical activity lay their foundation for later life in childhood and adolescence, it is important to examine this relationship from the beginning. Therefore, this scoping review aims to provide an overview of physical health indicators in children and adolescents in research on the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior. We identified the indicators used to quantify or assess physical health and summarized the methods used to measure these indicators. We systematically searched Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases for systematic reviews. The search yielded 4595 records from which 32 records were included in the review. The measurements for physical health reported in the reviews contained measures of body composition, cardiometabolic biomarkers, physical fitness, harm/injury, or bone health. Body composition was the most used indicator to assess and evaluate physical health in children, whereas information on harm and injury was barely available. In future research longitudinal studies are mandatory to focus on the prospective relationships between physical activity or sedentary behavior, and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kolb
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Burchartz
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Doris Oriwol
- Institute of Movement and Sport, University of Education Karlsruhe, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Steffen C. E. Schmidt
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Claudia Niessner
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
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Silveira JFDC, Welser L, de Borba Schneiders L, da Silva PT, Paiva DN, Hobkirk JP, Carroll S, Reuter CP. Associations of higher TV viewing and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kontostoli E, Jones AP, Pearson N, Foley L, Biddle SJH, Atkin AJ. Age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13263. [PMID: 34080284 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors are highly prevalent in youth and may be associated with markers of physical and mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence. Ten electronic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria specified longitudinal observational studies or control group from an intervention; participants aged ≥5 and ≤18 years; a quantitative estimate of the duration of SB; and English language, peer-reviewed publication. Meta-analyses summarized weighted mean differences (WMD) in device-assessed sedentary time and questionnaire-assessed screen-behaviors over 1-, 2-, 3-, or more than 4-year follow-up. Effect modification was explored using meta-regression. Eighty-five studies met inclusion criteria. Device-assessed sedentary time increased by (WMD 95% confidence interval [CI]) 27.9 (23.2, 32.7), 61.0 (50.7, 71.4), 63.7 (53.3, 74.0), and 140.7 (105.1, 176.4) min/day over 1-, 2-, 3-, and more than 4-year follow-up. We observed no effect modification by gender, baseline age, study location, attrition, or quality. Questionnaire-assessed time spent playing video games, computer use, and a composite measure of sedentary behavior increased over follow-up duration. Evidence is consistent in showing an age-related increase in various forms of sedentary behavior; evidence pertaining to variability across socio-demographic subgroups and contemporary sedentary behaviors are avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Kontostoli
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Andy P Jones
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Natalie Pearson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Louise Foley
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Afonso J, Claudino JG, Fonseca H, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Ferreira V, Almeida JM, Clemente FM, Ramirez-Campillo R. Stretching for Recovery from Groin Pain or Injury in Athletes: A Critical and Systematic Review. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2021; 6:jfmk6030073. [PMID: 34564192 PMCID: PMC8482255 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk6030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretching is usually used as part of rehabilitation protocols for groin pain or injury, but its specific contribution to and within multimodal recovery protocols is unclear. Our goal was to systematically review the effects of stretching for the recovery from groin pain or injury. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, with eligibility criteria defined according to PICOS: (Participants) athletes with groin pain or injuries; (Interventions) interventions with stretching as the differentiating factor; (Comparators) comparators not applying stretching; (Outcomes) symptom remission or improvement and/or time to return to sport and/or return to play; (Study design) randomized controlled trials. Searches were performed on 26 March 2021, in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, with no limitations regarding language or date, and no filters. Of 117 retrieved results, 65 were duplicates and 49 were excluded at the screening stage. The three articles eligible for full-text analysis failed to comply with one or more inclusion criteria (participants, intervention and/or comparators). We then went beyond the protocol and searched for non-randomized trials and case series, but no intervention was found where stretching was the differentiating factor. We found no trials specifically assessing the effects of stretching on recovery or improvement of groin pain or injury in athletes. Currently, the efficacy of these interventions is unknown, and more research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Afonso
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (V.F.); (J.M.A.)
| | - João Gustavo Claudino
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil;
- Research and Development Department, LOAD CONTROL, Contagem 32280-440, Brazil
| | - Hélder Fonseca
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (H.F.); (D.M.-G.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (H.F.); (D.M.-G.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor Ferreira
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (V.F.); (J.M.A.)
| | - José Marques Almeida
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (V.F.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7500000, Chile
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Greier K, Drenowatz C, Bischofer T, Petrasch G, Greier C, Cocca A, Ruedl G. Physical activity and sitting time prior to and during COVID-19 lockdown in Austrian high-school students. AIMS Public Health 2021; 8:531-540. [PMID: 34395703 PMCID: PMC8334643 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2021043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led in many countries to the implementation of policies that mandate social distancing and movement restrictions. While these measures are warranted in order to minimize the spread of the virus they may have detrimental effects on various behaviors, including physical activity (PA). The present study examined PA and sitting time in 14 to18-year-old Austrian high school students prior to and during the second COVID-19 lockdown in Austria. Data was collected via an online questionnaire during fall/winter 2020/21. Questions were based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, which examined frequency and duration of PA and sitting time. A total of 221 high school students provided valid data. Participants reported significantly lower moderate and vigorous PA during the lockdown while sitting time increased (p < 0.01). The frequency of walking (days/week) also decreased during COVID-19 lockdown, which also contributed to a significant decline in total walking time (p < 0.01). Further, the decline in PA was more pronounced in boys, while girls reported a greater decline in walking. These differences were due to higher PA and walking in boys and girls, respectively, prior to the lockdown. During the lockdown sex differences in PA and sitting time were limited. Taken together, these results highlight the impact of COVID-19 policies on PA in adolescents and emphasize the importance to promote an active lifestyle even in times of home confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Greier
- Division of Physical Education, Private Educational College (KPH-ES), Stams, Austria
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Theresa Bischofer
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gloria Petrasch
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carla Greier
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armando Cocca
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sports Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Strength Training to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143184. [PMID: 34300350 PMCID: PMC8304136 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of strength training (ST), as compared to alternative multimodal or unimodal exercise programs, on the number of falls in older adults (≥60 years). Ten databases were consulted (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science), without limitations on language or publication date. Eligibility criteria were as follows: RCTs with humans ≥60 years of age of any gender with one group performing supervised ST and a group performing another type of exercise training, reporting data pertaining falls. Certainty of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Meta-analysis used a random effects model to calculate the risk ratio (RR) for number of falls. Five RCTs with six trials were included (n = 543, 76% women). There was no difference between ST and alternative exercise interventions for falls (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.77–1.30, p = 0.99). The certainty of evidence was very low. No dose–response relationship could be established. In sum, ST showed comparable RR based on number of falls in older adults when compared to other multimodal or unimodal exercise modalities, but evidence is scarce and heterogeneous, and additional research is required for more robust conclusions. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020222908.
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Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Spent 30 Min Less Daily Time in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity than Typically Developing Peers: a Meta-Analysis of Cross-sectional Data. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-021-00262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIt remains unclear if participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) differs between children with ASD and typically developing children (TDC). We compared daily MVPA, time spent in MVPA during physical education (PE) and recess, and odds of not meeting MVPA recommendation (60 min/day) between children with ASD and TDC. Nine studies reporting accelerometer-measured MVPA were included in the meta-analyses. MVPA was 30 min lower/day, 12% and 8% lower during PE and recess, respectively, in children with ASD, and they had 4 times higher odds of not meeting MVPA recommendation when compared to TDC. Children with ASD engage in daily MVPA less than TDC and below the guidelines. Tailored interventions to increase MVPA in children with ASD are warranted.
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Effects of Olympic Combat Sports on Older Adults' Health Status: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147381. [PMID: 34299833 PMCID: PMC8303637 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the studies centered on the effects of Olympic combat sports (OCS [i.e., boxing, fencing, judo, karate, taekwondo, wrestling]) on older adults’ physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health status. The review comprised randomised-controlled trials with OCS interventions, including older adults (≥60 years), and measures of physical-functional, physiological, and/or psychoemotional health. The studies were searched through SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EBSCO databases until 5 January 2021. The PRISMA-P and TESTEX scales were used to assess the quality of the selected studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020204034). Twelve OCS intervention studies were found (scored ≥ 60% for methodological quality), comprising 392 females and 343 males (mean age: 69.6 years), participating in boxing, judo, karate, and taekwondo. The qualitative analysis revealed that compared to controls, OCS training improved muscle strength, cardiorespiratory capacity, agility, balance, movement, attention, memory, mental health, anxiety, and stress tolerance. Meta-analysis was available only for the chair stand test, and an improvement was noted after OCS training compared to control. In conclusion, OCS interventions improves older adults’ physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health. Our systematic review confirms that OCS training has high adherence (greater than 80%) in older adults.
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Mielke GI, Menezes AMB, da Silva BGC, Ekelund U, Crochemore-Silva I, Wehrmeister FC, Gonçalves H, Brown WJ. Associations between Device-measured Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health in the Transition to Early Adulthood. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2076-2085. [PMID: 33966000 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES The aims of this study were to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between accelerometer-measured physical activity and cardiometabolic health in the transition to adulthood. METHODS Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort were analysed (N=2,280). Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA, measured using a triaxial accelerometer) and cardiometabolic health (total fat mass, blood glucose, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and mean resting blood pressure) were examined at age 18 and 22 yr. RESULTS Overall, inverse dose-response associations between MVPA and cardiometabolic health at age 18 and 22 yr were observed in cross-sectional analyses of data from males and females. Prospective analyses showed that, in general, MVPA declined, and cardiometabolic health worsened in this 4-yr period in both males and females. Cardiometabolic health at age 22 reflected both MVPA at age 18 [β: -0.007 (95% CI: -0.014; 0.000)] and changes in MVPA from 18 to 22 yr [β: -0.030 (95% CI: -0.043; -0.016)] in males, but only changes in MVPA in females [β: -0.035 (95% CI: -0.058; -0.011)]. In analyses of change over time, males who improved MVPA by 20-30 min per day showed significant improvements in cardiometabolic health over 4 yr. The magnitude of association was slightly stronger for MVPA in 10-min bouts than for MVPA accumulated in bouts of 1-min, especially in females. CONCLUSION MVPA is an important predictor of cardiometabolic health in early adulthood. Strategies to prevent declines in MVPA at this life stage are required to prevent deteriorating cardiometabolic health profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregore I Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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49
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Ramirez-Campillo R, Andrade DC, García-Pinillos F, Negra Y, Boullosa D, Moran J. Effects of jump training on physical fitness and athletic performance in endurance runners: A meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:2030-2050. [PMID: 33956587 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1916261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of jump training (JT) on measures of physical fitness and athletic performances in endurance runners. Controlled studies which involved healthy endurance runners, of any age and sex, were considered. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedge's g). Means and standard deviations of outcomes were converted to ES with alongside 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Twenty-one moderate-to-high quality studies were included in the meta-analysis, and these included 511 participants. The main analyses revealed a significant moderate improvement in time-trial performance (i.e. distances between 2.0 and 5.0 km; ES = 0.88), without enhancements in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), velocity at VO2max, velocity at submaximal lactate levels, heart rate at submaximal velocities, stride rate at submaximal velocities, stiffness, total body mass or maximal strength performance. However, significant small-to-moderate improvements were noted for jump performance, rate of force development, sprint performance, reactive strength, and running economy (ES = 0.36-0.73; p < 0.001 to 0.031; I2 = 0.0% to 49.3%). JT is effective in improving physical fitness and athletic performance in endurance runners. Improvements in time-trial performance after JT may be mediated through improvements in force generating capabilities and running economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Human Performance Laboratory. Department of Physical Activity Sciences. Universidad de Los Lagos. Osorno, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Mayor. Santiago, Chile
| | - David C Andrade
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Mayor. Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Medicina y Fisiología de Altura, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Felipe García-Pinillos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Yassine Negra
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) «Sport Performance, Health & Society», Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of "La Manouba", Tunisia
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- INISA, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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50
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Afonso J, Clemente FM, Nakamura FY, Morouço P, Sarmento H, Inman RA, Ramirez-Campillo R. The Effectiveness of Post-exercise Stretching in Short-Term and Delayed Recovery of Strength, Range of Motion and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Physiol 2021; 12:677581. [PMID: 34025459 PMCID: PMC8133317 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.677581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-exercise (i.e., cool-down) stretching is commonly prescribed for improving recovery of strength and range of motion (ROM) and diminishing delayed onset muscular soreness (DOMS) after physical exertion. However, the question remains if post-exercise stretching is better for recovery than other post-exercise modalities. Objective: To provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of supervised randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of post-exercise stretching on short-term (≤1 h after exercise) and delayed (e.g., ≥24 h) recovery makers (i.e., DOMS, strength, ROM) in comparison with passive recovery or alternative recovery methods (e.g., low-intensity cycling). Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42020222091). RCTs published in any language or date were eligible, according to P.I.C.O.S. criteria. Searches were performed in eight databases. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2. Meta-analyses used the inverse variance random-effects model. GRADE was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Results: From 17,050 records retrieved, 11 RCTs were included for qualitative analyses and 10 for meta-analysis (n = 229 participants; 17–38 years, mostly males). The exercise protocols varied between studies (e.g., cycling, strength training). Post-exercise stretching included static stretching, passive stretching, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. Passive recovery (i.e., rest) was used as comparator in eight studies, with additional recovery protocols including low intensity cycling or running, massage, and cold-water immersion. Risk of bias was high in ~70% of the studies. Between-group comparisons showed no effect of post-exercise stretching on strength recovery (ES = −0.08; 95% CI = −0.54–0.39; p = 0.750; I2 = 0.0%; Egger's test p = 0.531) when compared to passive recovery. In addition, no effect of post-exercise stretching on 24, 48, or 72-h post-exercise DOMS was noted when compared to passive recovery (ES = −0.09 to −0.24; 95% CI = −0.70–0.28; p = 0.187–629; I2 = 0.0%; Egger's test p = 0.165–0.880). Conclusion: There wasn't sufficient statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis that stretching and passive recovery have equivalent influence on recovery. Data is scarce, heterogeneous, and confidence in cumulative evidence is very low. Future research should address the limitations highlighted in our review, to allow for more informed recommendations. For now, evidence-based recommendations on whether post-exercise stretching should be applied for the purposes of recovery should be avoided, as the (insufficient) data that is available does not support related claims. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020222091.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Afonso
- Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fábio Yuzo Nakamura
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University Institute of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal.,Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)/Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Pedro Morouço
- Superior School of Education and Social Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Richard A Inman
- The Psychology for Positive Development Research Center (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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