1
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Memarian P, Bagher Z, Asghari S, Aleemardani M, Seifalian A. Emergence of graphene as a novel nanomaterial for cardiovascular applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12793-12819. [PMID: 38919053 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CDs) are the foremost cause of death worldwide. Several promising therapeutic methods have been developed for this approach, including pharmacological, surgical intervention, cell therapy, or biomaterial implantation since heart tissue is incapable of regenerating and healing on its own. The best treatment for heart failure to date is heart transplantation and invasive surgical intervention, despite their invasiveness, donor limitations, and the possibility of being rejected by the patient's immune system. To address these challenges, research is being conducted on less invasive and efficient methods. Consequently, graphene-based materials (GBMs) have attracted a great deal of interest in the last decade because of their exceptional mechanical, electrical, chemical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties. An overview of GBMs' applications in the cardiovascular system has been presented in this article. Following a brief explanation of graphene and its derivatives' properties, the potential of GBMs to improve and restore cardiovascular system function by using them as cardiac tissue engineering, stents, vascular bypass grafts,and heart valve has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Memarian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre, London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheida Asghari
- Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mina Aleemardani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.
- Department of Translational Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre, London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK.
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2
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Lin CJ, Hwang TL, Wang RYL, Nain A, Shih RH, Chang L, Lin HJ, Harroun SG, Chang HT, Huang CC. Augmenting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps with Carbonized Polymer Dots: A Potential Treatment for Bacterial Sepsis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307210. [PMID: 38279606 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that can progress to septic shock as the body's extreme response to pathogenesis damages its own vital organs. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) accounts for 50% of nosocomial infections, which are clinically treated with antibiotics. However, methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) have emerged and can withstand harsh antibiotic treatment. To address this problem, curcumin (CCM) is employed to prepare carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) through mild pyrolysis. Contrary to curcumin, the as-formed CCM-CPDs are highly biocompatible and soluble in aqueous solution. Most importantly, the CCM-CPDs induce the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from the neutrophils, which entrap and eliminate microbes. In an MRSA-induced septic mouse model, it is observed that CCM-CPDs efficiently suppress bacterial colonization. Moreover, the intrinsic antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulation activities resulting from the preserved functional groups of the precursor molecule on the CCM-CPDs prevent progression to severe sepsis. As a result, infected mice treated with CCM-CPDs show a significant decrease in mortality even through oral administration. Histological staining indicates negligible organ damage in the MRSA-infected mice treated with CCM-CPDs. It is believed that the in vivo studies presented herein demonstrate that multifunctional therapeutic CPDs hold great potential against life-threatening infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Jung Lin
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Robert Y L Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Amit Nain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 520012, India
| | - Ren-Hong Shih
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Lung Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jia Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20231, Taiwan
| | - Scott G Harroun
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials and Technology Innovation, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20231, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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3
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Periasamy VS, Athinarayanan J, Alshatwi AA. Understanding the Interaction between Nanomaterials Originated from High-Temperature Processed Starch/Myristic Acid and Human Monocyte Cells. Foods 2024; 13:554. [PMID: 38397531 PMCID: PMC10888307 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-temperature cooking approaches trigger many metabolically undesirable molecule formations, which pose health risks. As a result, nanomaterial formation has been observed while cooking and reported recently. At high temperatures, starch and myristic acid interact and lead to the creation of nanomaterials (cMS-NMs). We used a non-polar solvent chloroform to separate the nanomaterials using a liquid-liquid extraction technique. The physico-chemical characterization was carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To determine the biological impact of these nanomaterials using different in vitro assays, including a cell viability assay, microscopic staining, and gene expression analysis, we adopted the THP-1 cell line as an in vitro monocyte model in our study. The TEM images revealed that fabricated cMS nanomaterials are smaller than 100 nm in diameter. There were significant concerns found in the cytotoxicity assay and gene expression analysis. At concentrations of 100-250 µg/mL, the cMS-NMs caused up to 95% cell death. We found both necrosis and apoptosis in cMS-NMs treated THP-1 cells. In cMS-NMs-treated THP-1 cells, we found decreased expression levels in IL1B and NFKB1A genes and significant upregulation in MIF genes, suggesting a negative immune response. These findings strongly suggest that cMS-NMs originated from high-temperature food processing can cause adverse effects on biological systems. Therefore, charred materials in processed foods should be avoided in order to minimize the risk of health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali A. Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (V.S.P.); (J.A.)
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Ou L, Tan X, Qiao S, Wu J, Su Y, Xie W, Jin N, He J, Luo R, Lai X, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhao F, Liu J, Kang Y, Shao L. Graphene-Based Material-Mediated Immunomodulation in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration: Mechanism and Significance. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18669-18687. [PMID: 37768738 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine hold promise for improving or even restoring the function of damaged organs. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have become a key player in biomaterials applied to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A series of cellular and molecular events, which affect the outcome of tissue regeneration, occur after GBMs are implanted into the body. The immunomodulatory function of GBMs is considered to be a key factor influencing tissue regeneration. This review introduces the applications of GBMs in bone, neural, skin, and cardiovascular tissue engineering, emphasizing that the immunomodulatory functions of GBMs significantly improve tissue regeneration. This review focuses on summarizing and discussing the mechanisms by which GBMs mediate the sequential regulation of the innate immune cell inflammatory response. During the process of tissue healing, multiple immune responses, such as the inflammatory response, foreign body reaction, tissue fibrosis, and biodegradation of GBMs, are interrelated and influential. We discuss the regulation of these immune responses by GBMs, as well as the immune cells and related immunomodulatory mechanisms involved. Finally, we summarize the limitations in the immunomodulatory strategies of GBMs and ideas for optimizing GBM applications in tissue engineering. This review demonstrates the significance and related mechanism of the immunomodulatory function of GBM application in tissue engineering; more importantly, it contributes insights into the design of GBMs to enhance wound healing and tissue regeneration in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xiner Tan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Shijia Qiao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528399, China
| | - Wenqiang Xie
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Nianqiang Jin
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jiankang He
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ruhui Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xuan Lai
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Fujian Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Fusco L, Gazzi A, Shuck CE, Orecchioni M, Ahmed EI, Giro L, Zavan B, Yilmazer A, Ley K, Bedognetti D, Gogotsi Y, Delogu LG. V 4 C 3 MXene Immune Profiling and Modulation of T Cell-Dendritic Cell Function and Interaction. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300197. [PMID: 37291737 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although vanadium-based metallodrugs are recently explored for their effective anti-inflammatory activity, they frequently cause undesired side effects. Among 2D nanomaterials, transition metal carbides (MXenes) have received substantial attention for their promise as biomedical platforms. It is hypothesized that vanadium immune properties can be extended to MXene compounds. Therefore, vanadium carbide MXene (V4 C3 ) is synthetized, evaluating its biocompatibility and intrinsic immunomodulatory effects. By combining multiple experimental approaches in vitro and ex vivo on human primary immune cells, MXene effects on hemolysis, apoptosis, necrosis, activation, and cytokine production are investigated. Furthermore, V4 C3 ability is demonstrated to inhibit T cell-dendritic cell interactions, evaluating the modulation of CD40-CD40 ligand interaction, two key costimulatory molecules for immune activation. The material biocompatibility at the single-cell level on 17 human immune cell subpopulations by single-cell mass cytometry is confirmed. Finally, the molecular mechanism underlying V4 C3 immune modulation is explored, demonstrating a MXene-mediated downregulation of antigen presentation-associated genes in primary human immune cells. The findings set the basis for further V4 C3 investigation and application as a negative modulator of the immune response in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fusco
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arianna Gazzi
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Christopher E Shuck
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Eiman I Ahmed
- Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Linda Giro
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Ravenna, 48033, Italy
| | - Açelya Yilmazer
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, 06520, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, 06830, Turkey
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Parikh SD, Wang W, Nelson MT, Sulentic CEW, Mukhopadhyay SM. Bioinspired Hierarchical Carbon Structures as Potential Scaffolds for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111791. [PMID: 37299693 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered bio-scaffolds for wound healing provide an attractive treatment option for tissue engineering and traumatic skin injuries since they can reduce dependence on donors and promote faster repair through strategic surface engineering. Current scaffolds present limitations in handling, preparation, shelf life, and sterilization options. In this study, bio-inspired hierarchical all-carbon structures comprising carbon nanotube (CNT) carpets covalently bonded to flexible carbon fabric have been investigated as a platform for cell growth and future tissue regeneration applications. CNTs are known to provide guidance for cell growth, but loose CNTs are susceptible to intracellular uptake and are suspected to cause in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity. This risk is suppressed in these materials due to the covalent attachment of CNTs on a larger fabric, and the synergistic benefits of nanoscale and micro-macro scale architectures, as seen in natural biological materials, can be obtained. The structural durability, biocompatibility, tunable surface architecture, and ultra-high specific surface area of these materials make them attractive candidates for wound healing. In this study, investigations of cytotoxicity, skin cell proliferation, and cell migration were performed, and results indicate promise in both biocompatibility and directed cell growth. Moreover, these scaffolds provided cytoprotection against environmental stressors such as Ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. It was seen that cell growth could also be tailored through the control of CNT carpet height and surface wettability. These results support future promise in the design of hierarchical carbon scaffolds for strategic wound healing and tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham D Parikh
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Wright State University, 3640 Col. Glen Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Wenhu Wang
- Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), University of Maine, United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - M Tyler Nelson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioengineering Division, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA
| | - Courtney E W Sulentic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Col. Glen Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Sharmila M Mukhopadhyay
- Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), University of Maine, United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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Xiao Y, Pang YX, Yan Y, Qian P, Zhao H, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Synthesis and Functionalization of Graphene Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205292. [PMID: 36658693 PMCID: PMC10037997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene is increasingly applied in various fields owing to its unique properties. Graphene application in the biomedical domain is promising and intriguing as an emerging 2D material with a high surface area, good mechanical properties, and unrivalled electronic and physical properties. This review summarizes six typical synthesis methods to fabricate pristine graphene (p-G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by characterization techniques to examine the obtained graphene materials. As bare graphene is generally undesirable in vivo and in vitro, functionalization methods to reduce toxicity, increase biocompatibility, and provide more functionalities are demonstrated. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro behaviors of various bare and functionalized graphene materials are discussed to evaluate the functionalization effects. Reasonable control of dose (<20 mg kg-1 ), sizes (50-1000 nm), and functionalization methods for in vivo application are advantageous. Then, the key biomedical applications based on graphene materials are discussed, coupled with the current challenges and outlooks of this growing field. In a broader sense, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, evaluation, and application of p-G, GO, and rGO in the biomedical field, highlighting their recent advances and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Yoong Xin Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Yan
- College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027P. R. China
| | - Ping Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri BegawanBE1410Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and ProcessIntensification Research of Zhejiang ProvinceUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion TechnologiesUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
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Hatta MHM, Matmin J, Malek NANN, Kamisan FH, Badruzzaman A, Batumalaie K, Ling Lee S, Abdul Wahab R. COVID‐19: Prevention, Detection, and Treatment by Using Carbon Nanotubes‐Based Materials. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta
- Centre for Research and Development Asia Metropolitan University 81750 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Juan Matmin
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Farah Hidayah Kamisan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Asia Metropolitan University 81750 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Aishah Badruzzaman
- Centre for Foundation, Language and General Studies Asia Metropolitan University 81750 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Kalaivani Batumalaie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Asia Metropolitan University 81750 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Siew Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
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Zamorina S, Timganova V, Bochkova M, Shardina K, Uzhviyuk S, Khramtsov P, Usanina D, Rayev M. The Effect of PEGylated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on the Th17-Polarization of Activated T Helpers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:877. [PMID: 36676614 PMCID: PMC9865146 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the direct effect of PEGylated graphene oxide (P-GO) nanoparticles on the differentiation, viability, and cytokine profile of activated T helper type 17 (Th17) in vitro. The subject of the study were cultures of "naive" T-helpers (CD4+) isolated by immunomagnetic separation and polarized into the Th17 phenotype with a TCR activator and cytokines. It was found that P-GO at low concentrations (5 µg/mL) had no effect on the parameters studied. The presence of high concentrations of P-GO in T-helper cultures (25 μg/mL) did not affect the number and viability of these cells. However, the percentage of proliferating T-helpers in these cultures was reduced. GO nanoparticles modified with linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) significantly increased the percentage of Th17/22 cells in cultures of Th17-polarized T helpers and the production of IFN-γ, whereas those modified with branched PEG suppressed the synthesis of IL-17. Thus, a low concentration of PEGylated GO nanoparticles (5 μg/mL), in contrast to a concentration of 25 μg/mL, has no effect on the Th17-polarization of T helpers, allowing their further use for in-depth studies of the functions of T lymphocytes and other immune cells. Overall, we have studied for the first time the direct effect of P-GO nanoparticles on the conversion of T helper cells to the Th17 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Zamorina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Kseniya Shardina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Sofya Uzhviyuk
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Pavel Khramtsov
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Darya Usanina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
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10
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Ban G, Hou Y, Shen Z, Jia J, Chai L, Ma C. Potential Biomedical Limitations of Graphene Nanomaterials. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1695-1708. [PMID: 37020689 PMCID: PMC10069520 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s402954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) possess mechanical stiffness, optical properties, and biocompatibility making them promising materials for biomedical applications. However, to realize the potential of graphene in biomedicine, it must overcome several challenges that arise when it enters the body's circulatory system. Current research focuses on the development of tumor-targeting devices using graphene, but GFNs accumulated in different tissues and cells through different pathways, which can cause toxic reactions leading to cell apoptosis and body dysfunction when the accumulated amount exceeds a certain limit. In addition, as a foreign substance, graphene can induce complex inflammatory reactions with immune cells and inflammatory factors, potentially enhancing or impairing the body's immune function. This review discusses the biomedical applications of graphene, the effects of graphene materials on human immune function, and the biotoxicity of graphene materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Ban
- School of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ge Ban, Email
| | - Yingze Hou
- Clinical Medical College, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhean Shen
- Department of Biomedical Research, Research and Innovation Center, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Xinjiang, 843100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- School of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Chai
- School of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongyang Ma
- School of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Fusco L, Gazzi A, Shuck CE, Orecchioni M, Alberti D, D'Almeida SM, Rinchai D, Ahmed E, Elhanani O, Rauner M, Zavan B, Grivel JC, Keren L, Pasqual G, Bedognetti D, Ley K, Gogotsi Y, Delogu LG. Immune Profiling and Multiplexed Label-Free Detection of 2D MXenes by Mass Cytometry and High-Dimensional Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2205154. [PMID: 36207284 PMCID: PMC10915970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical unmet need to detect and image 2D materials within single cells and tissues while surveying a high degree of information from single cells. Here, a versatile multiplexed label-free single-cell detection strategy is proposed based on single-cell mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) and ion-beam imaging by time-of-flight (MIBI-TOF). This strategy, "Label-free sINgle-cell tracKing of 2D matErials by mass cytometry and MIBI-TOF Design" (LINKED), enables nanomaterial detection and simultaneous measurement of multiple cell and tissue features. As a proof of concept, a set of 2D materials, transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes), is selected to ensure mass detection within the cytometry range while avoiding overlap with more than 70 currently available tags, each able to survey multiple biological parameters. First, their detection and quantification in 15 primary human immune cell subpopulations are demonstrated. Together with the detection, mass cytometry is used to capture several biological aspects of MXenes, such as their biocompatibility and cytokine production after their uptake. Through enzymatic labeling, MXenes' mediation of cell-cell interactions is simultaneously evaluated. In vivo biodistribution experiments using a mixture of MXenes in mice confirm the versatility of the detection strategy and reveal MXene accumulation in the liver, blood, spleen, lungs, and relative immune cell subtypes. Finally, MIBI-TOF is applied to detect MXenes in different organs revealing their spatial distribution. The label-free detection of 2D materials by mass cytometry at the single-cell level, on multiple cell subpopulations and in multiple organs simultaneously, will enable exciting new opportunities in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fusco
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35129, Italy
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Human Immunology Division, Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | - Arianna Gazzi
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35129, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Christopher E Shuck
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Dafne Alberti
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Oncology and Immunology Section, Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, 35124, Italy
| | - Sènan Mickael D'Almeida
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- Human Immunology Division, Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | - Eiman Ahmed
- Human Immunology Division, Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | - Ofer Elhanani
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III, Center for Healthy Aging, Technical University Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Ravenna, 48033, Italy
| | | | - Leeat Keren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Giulia Pasqual
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Oncology and Immunology Section, Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, 35124, Italy
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Human Immunology Division, Translational Medicine Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, 16132, Italy
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
- Immunology Center of Georgia (IMMCG), Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- ImmuneNano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35129, Italy
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12
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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Nanobionics: From plant empowering to the infectious disease treatment. J Control Release 2022; 349:890-901. [PMID: 35901860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases (ID) are serious threats against the global health and socio-economic conditions. Vaccination usually plays a key role in disease prevention, however, insufficient efficiency or immunogenicity may be quite challenging. Using the advanced vectors for delivery of vaccines with suitable efficiency, safety, and immune-modulatory activity, and tunable characteristics could be helpful, but there are no systematic reviews confirming the capabilities of the vaccine delivery systems for covering various types of pathogens. Furthermore, high rates of the infections, transmission, and fatal ratio and diversity of the pathogens and infection mechanisms may negatively influence vaccine effectiveness. The absence of highly-effective antibiotics against the resistant strains of bacteria and longevity of antibiotic testing have provoked increasing needs towards the application of more accurate and specific theranostic strategies including the nanotechnology-based ones. Nanobionics which is based on the charge storage and transport in the molecular structures, could be of key value in the molecular diagnostic tests and highly-specific electro-analytical methods or devices. Such devices based on the early disease diagnostics might be of critical significance against various types of diseases. This article highlights the significance of nanobionics against ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hassanzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; Sasan Hospital, Tehran 14159-83391, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
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13
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de Carvalho Lima EN, Octaviano ALM, Piqueira JRC, Diaz RS, Justo JF. Coronavirus and Carbon Nanotubes: Seeking Immunological Relationships to Discover Immunotherapeutic Possibilities. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:751-781. [PMID: 35241912 PMCID: PMC8887185 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s341890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, the world has faced an unprecedented pandemic crisis due to a new coronavirus disease, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which has instigated intensive studies on prevention and treatment possibilities. Here, we investigate the relationships between the immune activation induced by three coronaviruses associated with recent outbreaks, with special attention to SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, and the immune activation induced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to understand the points of convergence in immune induction and modulation. Evidence suggests that CNTs are among the most promising materials for use as immunotherapeutic agents. Therefore, this investigation explores new possibilities of effective immunotherapies for COVID-19. This study aimed to raise interest and knowledge about the use of CNTs as immunotherapeutic agents in coronavirus treatment. Thus, we summarize the most important immunological aspects of various coronavirus infections and describe key advances and challenges in using CNTs as immunotherapeutic agents against viral infections and the activation of the immune response induced by CNTs, which can shed light on the immunotherapeutic possibilities of CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elidamar Nunes de Carvalho Lima
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-010, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Moraes Octaviano
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castilho Piqueira
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Justo
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-010, Brazil
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14
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Ye R, Song W, Feng M, Zhou R. Potential interference of graphene nanosheets in immune response via disrupting the recognition of HLA-presented KK10 by TCR: a molecular dynamics simulation study. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19255-19263. [PMID: 34787621 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05267e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives have emerged as a promising nanomaterial in biomedical applications. However, their impact on biosafety continues to be a concern in the field, particularly, their potential cytotoxicity to our immune system. In this study, we used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the potential interference of graphene nanosheets in antigen presentation and recognition in immune response. For the illustrated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen peptide KK10, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and T cell receptor (TCR) ternary complex, we found that the graphene nanosheet could disrupt the critical protein-protein interactions between TCR and peptide-HLA and impair the antigen recognition by TCR, leaving the antigen presentation unaffected. Moreover, the hydrophobic interaction and van der Waals potential energy collectively drive the spontaneous separation of TCR from the peptide-HLA complex by graphene nanosheets. Our findings demonstrated theoretically how the graphene nanosheet could interfere with the immune response and provided useful insights for reducing the risk of graphene-based nanomaterials in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ye
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Department of Physics, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Department of Physics, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Mei Feng
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Department of Physics, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Department of Physics, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
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15
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de Carvalho Lima EN, Diaz RS, Justo JF, Castilho Piqueira JR. Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Carbon Nanotubes in Vaccine Development. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5411-5435. [PMID: 34408416 PMCID: PMC8367085 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanobiotechnology have allowed the utilization of nanotechnology through nanovaccines. Nanovaccines are powerful tools for enhancing the immunogenicity of a specific antigen and exhibit advantages over other adjuvant approaches, with features such as expanded stability, prolonged release, decreased immunotoxicity, and immunogenic selectivity. We introduce recent advances in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to induce either a carrier effect as a nanoplatform or an immunostimulatory effect. Several studies of CNT-based nanovaccines revealed that due to the ability of CNTs to carry immunogenic molecules, they can act as nonclassical vaccines, a quality not possessed by vaccines with traditional formulations. Therefore, adapting and modifying the physicochemical properties of CNTs for use in vaccines may additionally enhance their efficacy in inducing a T cell-based immune response. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to renew and awaken interest in and knowledge of the safe use of CNTs as adjuvants and carriers in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elidamar Nunes de Carvalho Lima
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Justo
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castilho Piqueira
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Alagarsamy KN, Mathan S, Yan W, Rafieerad A, Sekaran S, Manego H, Dhingra S. Carbon nanomaterials for cardiovascular theranostics: Promises and challenges. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2261-2280. [PMID: 33553814 PMCID: PMC7829079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart attack and stroke cause irreversible tissue damage. The currently available treatment options are limited to "damage-control" rather than tissue repair. The recent advances in nanomaterials have offered novel approaches to restore tissue function after injury. In particular, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have shown significant promise to bridge the gap in clinical translation of biomaterial based therapies. This family of carbon allotropes (including graphenes, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes) have unique physiochemical properties, including exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, chemical behaviour, thermal stability and optical properties. These intrinsic properties make CNMs ideal materials for use in cardiovascular theranostics. This review is focused on recent efforts in the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases using graphenes and carbon nanotubes. The first section introduces currently available derivatives of graphenes and carbon nanotubes and discusses some of the key characteristics of these materials. The second section covers their application in drug delivery, biosensors, tissue engineering and immunomodulation with a focus on cardiovascular applications. The final section discusses current shortcomings and limitations of CNMs in cardiovascular applications and reviews ongoing efforts to address these concerns and to bring CNMs from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Narayan Alagarsamy
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sajitha Mathan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Weiang Yan
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Alireza Rafieerad
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hanna Manego
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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17
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Stimulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells with Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Affect Cancer Progression. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:20. [PMID: 34327598 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sole nanomaterials or nanomaterials bound to specific biomolecules have been proposed to regulate the immune system. These materials have now emerged as new tools for eliciting immune-based therapies to treat various cancers. Graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) are the latest nanomaterials among other carbon nanotubes that have attracted wide interest among medical industry players due to their extraordinary properties, inert-state, non-toxic and stable dispersion in a various solvent. Currently, GO and rGO are utilized in various biomedical application including cancer immunotherapy. This review will highlight studies that have been carried out in elucidating the stimulation of GO and rGO on selected innate and adaptive immune cells and their effect on cancer progression to shed some insights for researchers in the development of various GO- and rGO-based immune therapies against various cancers.
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18
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Azhar A, Hassan N, Singh M, Al-Hosaini K, Kamal MA. Synopsis on Pharmotechnological Approaches in Diagnostic to Management Strategies in Fighting Against COVID-19. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4086-4099. [PMID: 34269664 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210715154004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are projected to play a significant role in fighting against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The various properties of NPs like magnetic and optical can be exploited to build diagnostic test kits. The unembellished morphological and physiochemical resemblances of SARS-CoV-2 with synthetic NPs make them a potent tool for mediation. Nanoparticles can be analytically functionalized with different proteins, polymers, and functional groups to perform specific inhibitory functions while also serving as delivery vehicles . Moreover, NPs can also be employed to prepare broad-spectrum respiratory drugs and vaccines that can guard seasonal flu and prepare the human race for the pandemic in the future. The present review outlines the role of NPs in detection, diagnostic and therapeutic against members of the coronavirus family. We emphasize nanomaterial-based approaches to address coronaviruses in general and SARS-CoV-2 in particular. We discuss NPs based detection systems like graphene (G-FET), biosensors, and plasmonic photothermal associated sensors. Inorganic, organic virus-like & self-assembly protein (VLP), and photodynamic inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 are also presented as therapeutic approaches exploiting NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Azhar
- Aligarh College of Education, Aligarh Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nazia Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Manvi Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Khaled Al-Hosaini
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2457, Riyadh 11451. Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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19
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Hadidi N, Sharifnia Z, Eteghadi A, Shokrgozar MA, Mosaffa N. PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes as co-adjuvants enhance expression of maturation markers in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:171-188. [PMID: 33560153 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the application of phospholipid-PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (PL-PEG-SWCNTs) as a safe co-adjuvant for the commercial recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine to enhance induction of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) differentiation and activation in vitro as an immune response initiator cell to prompt a long-term immune response after a single dose injection. Methods: Immature MDDCs were exposed to PL-PEG-SWCNTs alone and in combination with hepatitis B vaccine. Results & conclusion: Study results confirm the enhanced expression of maturation markers in human immature MDDCs after PL-PEG-SWCNT exposure. The results suggest that PL-PEG-SWCNT is an efficient co-adjuvant for the commercial recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine to enhance dendritic cell response stimulation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Hadidi
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Zarin Sharifnia
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eteghadi
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | | | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
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20
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Hassanzadeh P. Nanotheranostics against COVID-19: From multivalent to immune-targeted materials. J Control Release 2020; 328:112-126. [PMID: 32882269 PMCID: PMC7457914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Destructive impacts of COVID-19 pandemic worldwide necessitates taking more appropriate measures for mitigating virus spread and development of the effective theranostic agents. In general, high heterogeneity of viruses is a major challenging issue towards the development of effective antiviral agents. Regarding the coronavirus, its high mutation rates can negatively affect virus detection process or the efficiency of drugs and vaccines in development or induce drug resistance. Bioengineered nanomaterials with suitable physicochemical characteristics for site-specific therapeutic delivery, highly-sensitive nanobiosensors for detection of very low virus concentration, and real-time protections using the nanorobots can provide roadmaps towards the imminent breakthroughs in theranostics of a variety of diseases including the COVID-19. Besides revolutionizing the classical disinfection procedures, state-of-the-art nanotechnology-based approaches enable providing the analytical tools for accelerated monitoring of coronavirus and associated biomarkers or drug delivery towards the pulmonary system or other affected organs. Multivalent nanomaterials capable of interaction with multivalent pathogens including the viruses could be suitable candidates for viral detection and prevention of further infections. Besides the inactivation or destruction of the virus, functionalized nanoparticles capable of modulating patient's immune response might be of great significance for attenuating the exaggerated inflammatory reactions or development of the effective nanovaccines and medications against the virus pandemics including the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hassanzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran.
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21
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He X, White DL, Kapralov AA, Kagan VE, Star A. Photoluminescence Response in Carbon Nanomaterials to Enzymatic Degradation. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12880-12890. [PMID: 32803946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a key enzyme released by neutrophils during inflammation, has been shown to catalyze the biodegradation of carbon nanomaterials. In this work, we perform photoluminescence studies on the MPO-catalyzed oxidation of graphene oxide (GO) and surfactant-coated pristine (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The enzymatic degradation mechanism involves the introduction of defects, which promotes further degradation. Interestingly, the photoluminescence responses of GO and SWCNTs to enzymatic degradation are counterposed. Although the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence intensity of SWCNTs at 998 nm is either unchanged or decreases depending on the surfactant identity, the blue fluorescence intensity of GO at 440 nm increases with the progression of oxidation by MPO/H2O2/Cl- due to the formation of graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Turn-on GO fluorescence is also observed with neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, indicative of potential applications of GO for imaging MPO activity in live cells. Based on these results, we further construct two ratiometric sensors using SWCNT/GO nanoscrolls by incorporating surfactant-wrapped pristine SWCNTs as the internal either turn-off (with sodium cholate (SC)) or reference (with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)) sensor. The ratiometric approach enables the sensors to be more stable to external noise by providing response invariant to the absolute intensity emitted from the sensors. Our sensors show linear response to MPO oxidative machinery and hold the promise to be used as self-calibrating carbon nanomaterial-based MPO activity indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David L White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Alexandr A Kapralov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow Medical State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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22
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Emadi F, Emadi A, Gholami A. A Comprehensive Insight Towards Pharmaceutical Aspects of Graphene Nanosheets. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1016-1027. [PMID: 32188383 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200318131422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene Derivatives (GDs) have captured the interest and imagination of pharmaceutical scientists. This review exclusively provides pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics information with a particular focus on biopharmaceuticals. GDs can be used as multipurpose pharmaceutical delivery systems due to their ultra-high surface area, flexibility, and fast mobility of charge carriers. Improved effects, targeted delivery to tissues, controlled release profiles, visualization of biodistribution and clearance, and overcoming drug resistance are examples of the benefits of GDs. This review focuses on the application of GDs for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Also, the pharmacokinetic properties and the advantage of using GDs in pharmaceutics will be reviewed to achieve a comprehensive understanding about the GDs in pharmaceutical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Emadi
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5000, Iran
| | - Arash Emadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, P.O. Box: 7146864685, Iran
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23
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Comparetti EJ, Romagnoli GG, Gorgulho CM, Pedrosa VDA, Kaneno R. Anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody increases the toxicity of paclitaxel carried by carbon nanotubes. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111254. [PMID: 32806261 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were functionalized with polyethyleneimine in order to incorporate paclitaxel (PTX), the first line chemotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer. These particles were then covered with antibodies for the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), to address them to prostate cancer cells. LNCaP prostate cancer cells (PSMA+), HCT-116 and CaCo-2 colon cancer cells (PSMA-), as well as human peripheral monocytes and lymphocytes (PSMA-), were in vitro exposed to fluorescent CNT composites. The interaction/adherence of those composites to target cells was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, showing a diffuse interaction of CNTs and CNT-PTX with all cell types. Analysis of cytotoxicity revealed that both prostate (PSMA+) and colorectal cancer cells (PSMA-) were more susceptible to PTX complexed with CNTs than to pure PTX or CNTs alone, while the incorporation of anti-PSMA (CNT-PTX-PSMA) improved the toxicity on LNCaP cells but not on PSMA- targets. No toxicity was observed in human monocytes and lymphocytes but composites induced phenotypical changes in monocytes. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using anti-PSMA antibody to address drug-loaded CNT to cancer cells as a strategy for improving the effectiveness of antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson José Comparetti
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Biosciences - Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziela Gorete Romagnoli
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Biosciences - Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Medicine of Botucatu - Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; UNOESTE - Oeste Paulista University, Department of Health Sciences, Jaú, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mendonça Gorgulho
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Biosciences - Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University - UNESP, School of Medicine of Botucatu - Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Valber de Albuquerque Pedrosa
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Biosciences - Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Ramon Kaneno
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Biosciences - Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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24
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Weiss C, Carriere M, Fusco L, Capua I, Regla-Nava JA, Pasquali M, Scott JA, Vitale F, Unal MA, Mattevi C, Bedognetti D, Merkoçi A, Tasciotti E, Yilmazer A, Gogotsi Y, Stellacci F, Delogu LG. Toward Nanotechnology-Enabled Approaches against the COVID-19 Pandemic. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6383-6406. [PMID: 32519842 PMCID: PMC7299399 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has fueled a global demand for effective diagnosis and treatment as well as mitigation of the spread of infection, all through large-scale approaches such as specific alternative antiviral methods and classical disinfection protocols. Based on an abundance of engineered materials identifiable by their useful physicochemical properties through versatile chemical functionalization, nanotechnology offers a number of approaches to cope with this emergency. Here, through a multidisciplinary Perspective encompassing diverse fields such as virology, biology, medicine, engineering, chemistry, materials science, and computational science, we outline how nanotechnology-based strategies can support the fight against COVID-19, as well as infectious diseases in general, including future pandemics. Considering what we know so far about the life cycle of the virus, we envision key steps where nanotechnology could counter the disease. First, nanoparticles (NPs) can offer alternative methods to classical disinfection protocols used in healthcare settings, thanks to their intrinsic antipathogenic properties and/or their ability to inactivate viruses, bacteria, fungi, or yeasts either photothermally or via photocatalysis-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Nanotechnology tools to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in patients could also be explored. In this case, nanomaterials could be used to deliver drugs to the pulmonary system to inhibit interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and viral S protein. Moreover, the concept of "nanoimmunity by design" can help us to design materials for immune modulation, either stimulating or suppressing the immune response, which would find applications in the context of vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 or in counteracting the cytokine storm, respectively. In addition to disease prevention and therapeutic potential, nanotechnology has important roles in diagnostics, with potential to support the development of simple, fast, and cost-effective nanotechnology-based assays to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and related biomarkers. In summary, nanotechnology is critical in counteracting COVID-19 and will be vital when preparing for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Biological and Chemical
Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology, Campus North,
Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,
Germany
| | - Marie Carriere
- Univ. Grenoble
Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, F-38000
Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Fusco
- Department of Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Trieste, 34127 Trieste,
Italy
- Cancer Research Department,
Sidra Medicine, Doha,
Qatar
| | - Ilaria Capua
- One Health Center of Excellence,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jose Angel Regla-Nava
- Division of Inflammation Biology,
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and
Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037,
United States
| | - Matteo Pasquali
- Department of Chemical &
Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University,
Houston, Texas 77251, United States
- Department of Chemistry,
Rice University, Houston, Texas
77251, United States
- Department of Materials Science and
Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston,
Texas 77251, United States
| | - James A. Scott
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health,
University of Toronto, 223 College
Street, M5T 1R4 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department of Neurology,
Bioengineering, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for
Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,
United States
- Center for Neurotrauma,
Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J.
Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United
States
| | | | - Cecilia Mattevi
- Department of Materials,
Imperial College London, London SW7
2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors
Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB,
08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA -
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis
Avançats, ES-08010 Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,
Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston,
Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Plastic Surgery,
MD Anderson, Houston, Texas 77230,
United States
| | - Açelya Yilmazer
- Stem Cell Institute,
Ankara University, Ankara, 06100
Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University,
Ankara, 06100 Turkey
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute,
and Materials Science and Engineering Department, Drexel
University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,
United States
| | - Francesco Stellacci
- Institute of Materials,
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
(EPFL), 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Interfaculty Bioengineering Institute,
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de
Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Padua, 35122 Padova,
Italy
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25
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Soltani R, Guo S, Bianco A, Ménard‐Moyon C. Carbon Nanomaterials Applied for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases: Preclinical Evidence. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rym Soltani
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Shi Guo
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Cécilia Ménard‐Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
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26
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Fusco L, Gazzi A, Peng G, Shin Y, Vranic S, Bedognetti D, Vitale F, Yilmazer A, Feng X, Fadeel B, Casiraghi C, Delogu LG. Graphene and other 2D materials: a multidisciplinary analysis to uncover the hidden potential as cancer theranostics. Theranostics 2020; 10:5435-5488. [PMID: 32373222 PMCID: PMC7196289 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the main causes of death in the world; hence the development of more specific approaches for its diagnosis and treatment is urgently needed in clinical practice. Here we aim at providing a comprehensive review on the use of 2-dimensional materials (2DMs) in cancer theranostics. In particular, we focus on graphene-related materials (GRMs), graphene hybrids, and graphdiyne (GDY), as well as other emerging 2DMs, such as MXene, tungsten disulfide (WS2), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), black phosphorus (BP), silicene, antimonene (AM), germanene, biotite (black mica), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and others. The results reported in the scientific literature in the last ten years (>200 papers) are dissected here with respect to the wide variety of combinations of imaging methodologies and therapeutic approaches, including drug/gene delivery, photothermal/photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy. We provide a unique multidisciplinary approach in discussing the literature, which also includes a detailed section on the characterization methods used to analyze the material properties, highlighting the merits and limitations of the different approaches. The aim of this review is to show the strong potential of 2DMs for use as cancer theranostics, as well as to highlight issues that prevent the clinical translation of these materials. Overall, we hope to shed light on the hidden potential of the vast panorama of new and emerging 2DMs as clinical cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fusco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
- Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arianna Gazzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Guotao Peng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Flavia Vitale
- Department of Neurology, Bioengineering, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Acelya Yilmazer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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27
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Malachowski T, Hassel A. Engineering nanoparticles to overcome immunological barriers for enhanced drug delivery. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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28
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Nanomaterials for direct and indirect immunomodulation: A review of applications. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 142:105139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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29
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Gu Z, Chen SH, Ding Z, Song W, Wei W, Liu S, Ma G, Zhou R. The molecular mechanism of robust macrophage immune responses induced by PEGylated molybdenum disulfide. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22293-22304. [PMID: 31746904 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04358f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a representative hexagonal transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD), has been extensively exploited in biomedical applications due to its unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. However, the lack of adequate data regarding how MoS2 activates immunological responses of macrophages remains a key concern for its risk assessment. Here, we employ a combined theoretical and experimental approach to investigate the interactions of MoS2 and PEGylated MoS2 (MoS2-PEG) with macrophages. We first perform molecular dynamics simulations to examine the atomic-detailed interactions of MoS2 and MoS2-PEG nanoflakes with a realistic model of the macrophage membrane. We show that a small MoS2 nanoflake (edge length of 2.86 nm) is capable of penetrating the macrophage membrane independent of its concentration. We also demonstrate that when initiated with a corner point-on configuration, the surface-bound PEG chains of MoS2-PEG hinder its membrane insertion process, leading to a prolonged passage through the membrane. Moreover, when placed in a face-on arrangement initially, the MoS2-PEG exhibits a lower binding free energy than pristine MoS2 after its adsorption on the membrane surface. The PEG chains can even insert and get buried in the outer leaflet of the membrane, providing additional contact for membrane adsorption. Our flow cytometric experiments then show that the responses of macrophages to either MoS2-PEG or MoS2 are significantly higher than that of the control (no nanomaterial stimulus), with MoS2-PEG eliciting stronger cytokine secretion than the pristine MoS2. The characteristics of slower/prolonged membrane penetration and stronger membrane adsorption of MoS2-PEG compared to pristine MoS2 explain why it triggers more sustained stimulation and higher cytokine secretion in macrophages as observed in our experiments. Our findings reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of how MoS2-PEG influences the immune responses and suggest its potential applications in nanomedicine involving immune stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Gu
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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30
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Bordoni V, Reina G, Orecchioni M, Furesi G, Thiele S, Gardin C, Zavan B, Cuniberti G, Bianco A, Rauner M, Delogu LG. Stimulation of bone formation by monocyte-activator functionalized graphene oxide in vivo. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:19408-19421. [PMID: 31386739 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03975a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanosystems are able to enhance bone regeneration, a complex process requiring the mutual interplay between immune and skeletal cells. Activated monocytes can communicate pro-osteogenic signals to mesenchymal stem cells and promote osteogenesis. Thus, the activation of monocytes is a promising strategy to improve bone regeneration. Nanomaterials specifically selected to provoke immune-mediated bone formation are still missing. As a proof of concept, we apply here the intrinsic immune-characteristics of graphene oxide (GO) with the well-recognized osteoinductive capacity of calcium phosphate (CaP) in a biocompatible nanomaterial called maGO-CaP (monocytes activator GO complexed with CaP). In the presence of monocytes, the alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of osteogenic markers increased. Studying the mechanisms of action, we detected an up-regulation of Wnt and BMP signaling, two key osteogenic pathways. The role of the immune activation was evidenced by the over-production of oncostatin M, a pro-osteogenic factor produced by monocytes. Finally, we tested the pro-osteogenic effects of maGO-CaP in vivo. maGO-CaP injected into the tibia of mice enhanced local bone mass and the bone formation rate. Our study suggests that maGO-CaP can activate monocytes to enhance osteogenesis ex vivo and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giacomo Reina
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Giulia Furesi
- University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. and TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany.
| | | | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials Science, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alberto Bianco
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Lucia G Delogu
- University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy and Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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31
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Gazzi A, Fusco L, Khan A, Bedognetti D, Zavan B, Vitale F, Yilmazer A, Delogu LG. Photodynamic Therapy Based on Graphene and MXene in Cancer Theranostics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:295. [PMID: 31709252 PMCID: PMC6823231 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, the development of new advanced and targeted strategies in cancer research for early diagnosis and treatment has become essential to improve diagnosis outcomes and reduce therapy side effects. Graphene and more recently, MXene, are the main representatives of the family of two-dimensional (2D) materials and are widely studied as multimodal nanoplatforms for cancer diagnostics and treatment, in particular leveraging their potentialities as photodynamic therapeutic agents. Indeed, due to their irreplaceable physicochemical properties, they are virtuous allies for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with bioimaging, photothermal therapy, as well as drug and gene delivery. In this review, the rapidly progressing literature related to the use of these promising 2D materials for cancer theranostics is described in detail, highlighting all their possible future advances in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Gazzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Fusco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy.,Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anooshay Khan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department of Neurology, Bioengineering, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Acelya Yilmazer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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32
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Dutt TS, Mia MB, Saxena RK. Elevated internalization and cytotoxicity of polydispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes in activated B cells can be basis for preferential depletion of activated B cells in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:849-860. [PMID: 31232140 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1593541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Uptake of polydispersed acid-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (AF-SWCNTs) in resting and LPS-activated B cells was studied using fluorescence-tagged AF-SWCNTs (FAF-SWCNTs). Activated B cells internalized substantially higher amounts of FAF-SWCNTs [76.5% AF-SWCNT+ B cells, mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) 720.6] as compared to the resting B cells [39.5% AF-SWCNT+ B cells, MFI 198.5]. B cells in S and G2/M phases were found to have significantly higher uptake of FAF-SWCNTs as compared to cells in G0/G1 phase. Confocal microscopy indicated that AF-SWCNTs were essentially localized on cell membrane in resting B cells, whereas in activated B cells, AF-SWCNTs were distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Targeting of AF-SWCNTs specifically to activated B cells in vivo was examined by first administering intravenously LPS-activated B cells tagged with fluorescence tracer (CFSE) in mice, followed by FAF-SWCNTs through the same route. It was found that FAF-SWCNTs were specifically taken up by CFSE+CD19+-activated B cells (95% FAF-SWCNT+ B cells, MFI 3725) as compared to CFSE- CD19+ resting B cells (31.1% FAF-SWCNT+ B cells, MFI 428). Administration (i.v.) of LPS resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of B cell in mouse spleen that was reduced by 68% by administering AF-SWCNTs. In control mice, the corresponding decrease in B cell proportion was 49%, which was significantly lower (p < 0.005) than the decline in LPS-treated mice. These results indicate that AF-SWCNTs may have the potential as an agent for depleting activated B cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru S Dutt
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , South Asian University , Chanakyapuri , India
| | - Md Babu Mia
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , South Asian University , Chanakyapuri , India
| | - Rajiv K Saxena
- a Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , South Asian University , Chanakyapuri , India
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33
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Yuan X, Zhang X, Sun L, Wei Y, Wei X. Cellular Toxicity and Immunological Effects of Carbon-based Nanomaterials. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:18. [PMID: 30975174 PMCID: PMC6460856 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon nanomaterials are a growing family of materials featuring unique physicochemical properties, and their widespread application is accompanied by increasing human exposure. MAIN BODY Considerable efforts have been made to characterize the potential toxicity of carbon nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo. Many studies have reported various toxicology profiles of carbon nanomaterials. The different results of the cytotoxicity of the carbon-based materials might be related to the differences in the physicochemical properties or structures of carbon nanomaterials, types of target cells and methods of particle dispersion, etc. The reported cytotoxicity effects mainly included reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, lysosomal damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and eventual cell death via apoptosis or necrosis. Despite the cellular toxicity, the immunological effects of the carbon-based nanomaterials, such as the pulmonary macrophage activation and inflammation induced by carbon nanomaterials, have been thoroughly studied. The roles of carbon nanomaterials in activating different immune cells or inducing immunosuppression have also been addressed. CONCLUSION Here, we provide a review of the latest research findings on the toxicological profiles of carbon-based nanomaterials, highlighting both the cellular toxicities and immunological effects of carbon nanomaterials. This review provides information on the overall status, trends, and research needs for toxicological studies of carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yuan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangxian Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Sun
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
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Gu Z, Zhu S, Yan L, Zhao F, Zhao Y. Graphene-Based Smart Platforms for Combined Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1800662. [PMID: 30039878 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The extensive research of graphene and its derivatives in biomedical applications during the past few years has witnessed its significance in the field of nanomedicine. Starting from simple drug delivery systems, the application of graphene and its derivatives has been extended to a versatile platform of multiple therapeutic modalities, including photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, and sonodynamic therapy. In addition to monotherapy, graphene-based materials are widely applied in combined therapies for enhanced anticancer activity and reduced side effects. In particular, graphene-based materials are often designed and fabricated as "smart" platforms for stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, whose therapeutic effects can be activated by the tumor microenvironment, such as acidic pH and elevated glutathione (termed as "endogenous stimuli"), or light, magnetic, or ultrasonic stimuli (termed as "exogenous stimuli"). Herein, the recent advances of smart graphene platforms for combined therapy applications are presented, starting with the principle for the design of graphene-based smart platforms in combined therapy applications. Next, recent advances of combined therapies contributed by graphene-based materials, including chemotherapy-based, photothermal-therapy-based, and ultrasound-therapy-based synergistic therapy, are outlined. In addition, current challenges and future prospects regarding this promising field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Rahmati M, Mozafari M. Biological Response to Carbon-Family Nanomaterials: Interactions at the Nano-Bio Interface. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:4. [PMID: 30729107 PMCID: PMC6351449 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, several studies have suggested that carbon-based nanomaterials, owing to their unique properties, could act as promising candidates in biomedical engineering application. Wide-ranging research efforts have investigated the cellular and molecular responses to carbon-based nanomaterials at the nano-bio interfaces. In addition, a number of surface functionalization strategies have been introduced to improve their safety profile in the biological environment. The present review discusses the general principles of immunological responses to nanomaterials. Then, it explains essential physico-chemical properties of carbon-familynanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, fullerene, carbon quantum dots (CDs), diamond-like carbon (DLC), and mesoporous carbon biomaterials (MCNs), which significantly affect the immunological cellular and molecular responses at the nano-bio interface. The discussions also briefly highlight the recent studies that critically investigated the cellular and molecular responses to various carbon-based nanomaterials. It is expected that the most recent perspective strategies for improving the biological responses to carbon-based nanomaterials can revolutionize their functions in emerging biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tosic J, Stanojevic Z, Vidicevic S, Isakovic A, Ciric D, Martinovic T, Kravic-Stevovic T, Bumbasirevic V, Paunovic V, Jovanovic S, Todorovic-Markovic B, Markovic Z, Danko M, Micusik M, Spitalsky Z, Trajkovic V. Graphene quantum dots inhibit T cell-mediated neuroinflammation in rats. Neuropharmacology 2018; 146:95-108. [PMID: 30471296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic capacity of nano-sized graphene sheets, called graphene quantum dots (GQD), in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) damage. Intraperitoneally administered GQD (10 mg/kg/day) accumulated in the lymph node and CNS cells of Dark Agouti rats in which EAE was induced by immunization with spinal cord homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant. GQD significantly reduced clinical signs of EAE when applied throughout the course of the disease (day 0-32), while the protection was less pronounced if the treatment was limited to the induction (day 0-7 post-immunization) or effector (from day 8 onwards) phase of the disease. GQD treatment diminished immune infiltration, demyelination, axonal damage, and apoptotic death in the CNS of EAE animals. GQD also reduced the numbers of interferon-γ-expressing T helper (Th)1 cells, as well as the expression of Th1 transcription factor T-bet and proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the lymph nodes and CNS immune infitrates. The protective effect of GQD in EAE was associated with the activation of p38 and p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and Akt in the lymph nodes and/or CNS. Finally, GQD protected oligodendrocytes and neurons from T cell-mediated damage in the in vitro conditions. Collectively, these data demonstrate the ability of GQD to gain access to both immune and CNS cells during neuroinflammation, and to alleviate immune-mediated CNS damage by modulating MAPK/Akt signaling and encephalitogenic Th1 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Tosic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljka Stanojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasenka Vidicevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isakovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Darko Ciric
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Martinovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Bumbasirevic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Paunovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Jovanovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Zoran Markovic
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84541, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Danko
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84541, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matej Micusik
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84541, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdenko Spitalsky
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84541, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Tadele K, Zhang Q, Wang B. Formation and structural growth of two dimensional layer of hafnene on Ir(1 1 1) surface. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Otsuka K, Yamada K, Taquahashi Y, Arakaki R, Ushio A, Saito M, Yamada A, Tsunematsu T, Kudo Y, Kanno J, Ishimaru N. Long-term polarization of alveolar macrophages to a profibrotic phenotype after inhalation exposure to multi-wall carbon nanotubes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205702. [PMID: 30372450 PMCID: PMC6205598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomaterials are widely used in various fields. Although the toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in pulmonary tissues has been demonstrated, the toxicological effect of CNTs on the immune system in the lung remains unclear. Methods and finding In this study, exposure to Taquann-treated multi-walled CNTs (T-CNTs) was performed using aerosols generated in an inhalation chamber. At 12 months after T-CNT exposure, alveolar inflammation with macrophage accumulation and hypertrophy of the alveolar walls were observed. In addition, fibrotic lesions were enhanced by T-CNT exposure. The macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of T-CNT-exposed mice were not largely shifted to any particular population, and were a mixed phenotype with M1 and M2 polarization. Moreover, the alveolar macrophages of T-CNT-exposed mice produced matrix metalloprotinase-12. Conclusions These results suggest that T-CNT exposure promoted chronic inflammation and fibrotic lesion formation in profibrotic macrophages for prolonged periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Otsuka
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamada
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuhji Taquahashi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aya Ushio
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Saito
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamada
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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de Carvalho JO, de Carvalho Oliveira F, Freitas SAP, Soares LM, de Cássia Barros Lima R, de Sousa Gonçalves L, Webster TJ, Marciano FR, Lobo AO. Carbon Nanomaterials for Treating Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018; 16:626-634. [PMID: 30203250 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To identify the use of carbon nanomaterials in bone regeneration and present new data on the regenerative capacity of bone tissue in osteopenic rats treated with graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). RECENT FINDINGS The results show that the physical and chemical properties of the nanomaterials are suitable for the fabrication of scaffolds intended for bone regeneration. The in vitro tests suggested a non-toxicity of the GNRs as well as improved biocompatibility and bone mineralization activity. Here, for the first time, we evaluated the potential of GNRs in remodeling and repairing bone defects in osteoporotic animal models in vivo. Interestingly, bone mineralization and the initiation of the remodeling cycle by osteoclasts/osteoblasts were observed after the implantation of GNRs, thus implying healthy bone remodeling when using GNRs. This study, therefore, has opened our perspectives and certainly calls for more attention to the use of carbon nanomaterials for a wide range of osteoporosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jancineide Oliveira de Carvalho
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina da Fonseca, 584, Bairro Itaquera, São Paulo, 08230-030, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Uninovafapi, Rua Vitorino Orthiges Fernandes, n 6123, Bairro Uruguai, Teresina, Piauí, 64073-505, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina Especializada, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Francilio de Carvalho Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina da Fonseca, 584, Bairro Itaquera, São Paulo, 08230-030, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Uninovafapi, Rua Vitorino Orthiges Fernandes, n 6123, Bairro Uruguai, Teresina, Piauí, 64073-505, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Antonio Pereira Freitas
- Centro Universitário Uninovafapi, Rua Vitorino Orthiges Fernandes, n 6123, Bairro Uruguai, Teresina, Piauí, 64073-505, Brazil
| | - Liana Martha Soares
- Hospital Universitário de Teresina, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portela, SG 07, s/n - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Barros Lima
- Centro Universitário Uninovafapi, Rua Vitorino Orthiges Fernandes, n 6123, Bairro Uruguai, Teresina, Piauí, 64073-505, Brazil
| | - Licia de Sousa Gonçalves
- Centro Universitário Uninovafapi, Rua Vitorino Orthiges Fernandes, n 6123, Bairro Uruguai, Teresina, Piauí, 64073-505, Brazil
| | - Thomas Jay Webster
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fernanda Roberta Marciano
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina da Fonseca, 584, Bairro Itaquera, São Paulo, 08230-030, Brazil
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina da Fonseca, 584, Bairro Itaquera, São Paulo, 08230-030, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil.
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, 18-393, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Al Soubaihi RM, Furesi G, Saoud KM, Al-Muhtaseb SA, Khatat AE, Delogu LG, Dutta J. Silica and carbon decorated silica nanosheet impact on primary human immune cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:779-789. [PMID: 30266012 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanosheets (SiO2 NS) are considered to be a promising material in clinical practice for diagnosis and therapy applications. However, an appropriate surface functionalization is essential to guarantee high biocompatibility and molecule loading ability. Although SiO2 NS are chemically stable, its effects on immune systems are still being explored. In this work, we successfully synthesized a novel 2D multilayer SiO2 NS and SiO2 NS coated with carbon (C/SiO2 NS), and evaluated their impact on human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and some immune cell subpopulations. We demonstrated that the immune response is strongly dependent on the surface functionalities of the SiO2 NS. Ex vivo experiments showed an increase in biocompatibility of C/SiO2 NS compared to SiO2 NS, resulting in a lowering of hemoglobin release together with a reduction in cellular toxicity and cellular activation. However, none of them are directly involved in the activation of the acute inflammation process with a consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The obtained results provide an important direction towards the biomedical applications of silica nanosheets, rendering them an attractive material for the development of future immunological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Mohammad Al Soubaihi
- Functional Materials, Department of Applied Physics, The Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences, Isafjordsgatan 22, SE-164 40 Kista Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Khaled Mohammad Saoud
- Liberal Arts and Sciences Program, Virginia Commonwealth University in Qatar, P.O. Box 8095, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - Ahmed El Khatat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy; Fondazione Citta' Della Speranza, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Padova, 35129, Italy.
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials, Department of Applied Physics, The Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences, Isafjordsgatan 22, SE-164 40 Kista Stockholm, Sweden
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Pelin M, Sosa S, Prato M, Tubaro A. Occupational exposure to graphene based nanomaterials: risk assessment. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15894-15903. [PMID: 30132494 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04950e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are a family of novel materials including graphene, few layer graphene (FLG), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). Currently, the risk posed by them to human health is associated mainly with the occupational exposure during their industrial and small-scale production or waste discharge. The most significant occupational exposure routes are inhalation, oral, cutaneous and ocular, inhalation being the majorly involved and most studied one. This manuscript presents a critical up-to-date review of the available in vivo toxicity data of the most significant GBMs, after using these exposure routes. The few in vivo inhalation toxicity studies (limited to 5-days of repeated exposure and only one to 5 days per week for 4 weeks) indicate inflammatory/fibrotic effects at the pulmonary level, not always reversible after 14/90 days. More limited in vivo data are available for the oral and ocular exposure routes, whereas the studies on cutaneous toxicity are at the initial stage. A long persistence of GBMs in rodents is recorded, while contradictory genotoxic data are reported. Data gap identification is also provided. Based on the available data, the occupational exposure limit cannot be determined. More experimental toxicity studies according to specific guidelines (tentatively validated for nanomaterials) and more information on the actual occupational exposure level to GBMs are needed. Furthermore, ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion), genotoxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity data related to the occupational exposure to GBMs have to be implemented. In addition, sub-chronic and/or chronic studies are still needed to completely exclude other toxic effects and/or carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Lee SW, Park HJ, Van Kaer L, Hong S, Hong S. Graphene oxide polarizes iNKT cells for production of TGFβ and attenuates inflammation in an iNKT cell-mediated sepsis model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10081. [PMID: 29973666 PMCID: PMC6031608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) modulates the functions of antigen-presenting cells including dendritic cells (DCs). Although carbon nanotubes affect expression of the MHC class I-like CD1d molecule, whether GO can influence immune responses of CD1d-dependent invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of GO on inflammatory responses mediated by α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), an iNKT cell agonist. We found that in vivo GO treatment substantially inhibited the capacity of α-GalCer to induce the iNKT cell-mediated trans-activation of and cytokine production by innate and innate-like cells, including DCs, macrophages, NK cells, and γδ T cells. Such effects of GO on α-GalCer-induced inflammatory responses closely correlated with iNKT cell polarization towards TGFβ production, which also explains the capacity of GO to expand regulatory T cells. Interestingly, the absence of TLR4, a receptor for GO, failed to downregulate, and instead partially enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity of GO against α-GalCer-elicited responses, implying negative effects of TLR4 signaling on the anti-inflammatory properties of GO. By employing an α-GalCer-induced sepsis model, we further demonstrated that GO treatment significantly protected mice from α-GalCer-induced lethality. Taken together, we provide strong evidence that GO holds promise as an adjuvant to modulate iNKT cell responses for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
- Graphene Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Suklyun Hong
- Graphene Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea.
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea.
| | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea.
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Guazzo R, Gardin C, Bellin G, Sbricoli L, Ferroni L, Ludovichetti FS, Piattelli A, Antoniac I, Bressan E, Zavan B. Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Tissue Engineering in the Dental Field. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E349. [PMID: 29783786 PMCID: PMC5977363 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The world of dentistry is approaching graphene-based nanomaterials as substitutes for tissue engineering. Apart from its exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and thermal stability, graphene and its derivatives can be functionalized with several bioactive molecules. They can also be incorporated into different scaffolds used in regenerative dentistry, generating nanocomposites with improved characteristics. This review presents the state of the art of graphene-based nanomaterial applications in the dental field. We first discuss the interactions between cells and graphene, summarizing the available in vitro and in vivo studies concerning graphene biocompatibility and cytotoxicity. We then highlight the role of graphene-based nanomaterials in stem cell control, in terms of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Particular attention will be given to stem cells of dental origin, such as those isolated from dental pulp, periodontal ligament or dental follicle. The review then discusses the interactions between graphene-based nanomaterials with cells of the immune system; we also focus on the antibacterial activity of graphene nanomaterials. In the last section, we offer our perspectives on the various opportunities facing the use of graphene and its derivatives in associations with titanium dental implants, membranes for bone regeneration, resins, cements and adhesives as well as for tooth-whitening procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Guazzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | - Gloria Bellin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | - Luca Sbricoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10132 Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Iulian Antoniac
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060032 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Ravenna, Italy.
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Saha LC, Nag OK, Doughty A, Liu H, Chen WR. An Immunologically Modified Nanosystem Based on Noncovalent Binding Between Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Glycated Chitosan. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818802313. [PMID: 30261832 PMCID: PMC6161206 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818802313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes are currently being explored as novel delivery vehicles for proteins and therapeutic agents to treat various diseases. In order to maximize treatment efficacy, a strong binding between single-walled carbon nanotubes and their functionalized molecules is necessary. Glycated chitosan, a polymer with potent immunostimulatory properties for cancer treatment, has been used as a surfactant of single-walled carbon nanotubes to form an immunologically modified nanosystem for biomedical applications. In this study, we investigated the binding characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotube and glycated chitosan using molecular dynamics simulations. The mean square displacement, radius of gyration, interaction energy, and radial distribution function of the single-walled carbon nanotube-glycated chitosan system were analyzed. The results from the simulations demonstrated that glycated chitosan was bound to single-walled carbon nanotubes by a strong, noncovalent interaction. The stability of glycated chitosan on the single-walled carbon nanotubes surface was enhanced by the length of glycated chitosan, and the binding energy of the 2 molecules was closely related to the diameter and chirality of single-walled carbon nanotubes, with the most stable single-walled carbon nanotube-glycated chitosan system being formed by the combination of long polymer, large single-walled carbon nanotube, and armchair single-walled carbon nanotube. The understanding of the interactions between single-walled carbon nanotube and glycated chitosan and the structure of single-walled carbon nanotube-glycated chitosan allows the modifications of the novel nanosystem for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Okhil Kumar Nag
- 2 Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Austin Doughty
- 3 Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, College of Mathematics and Science, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- 4 Center for Bioengineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Wei R Chen
- 3 Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, College of Mathematics and Science, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA
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Tomić S, Janjetović K, Mihajlović D, Milenković M, Kravić-Stevović T, Marković Z, Todorović-Marković B, Spitalsky Z, Micusik M, Vučević D, Čolić M, Trajković V. Graphene quantum dots suppress proinflammatory T cell responses via autophagy-dependent induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells. Biomaterials 2017; 146:13-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cao X, Lu X, Wang D, Jia F, Tan X, Corley M, Chen X, Zhang K. Modulating the Cellular Immune Response of Oligonucleotides by Brush Polymer-Assisted Compaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201701432. [PMID: 28696590 PMCID: PMC9016755 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Unwanted stimulation of the innate immune system by foreign nucleic acids has been one of the major barriers preventing bioactive sequences from reaching market. Foreign nucleic acids can be recognized by multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which trigger a signaling cascade to activate host defense systems, leading to a range of side effects. This study demonstrates that polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified DNA strands can greatly reduce the activation of the innate immune system, and the extent of reduction is dependent upon polymer architecture. Highly branched brushes with long PEG side chains achieve the best suppression by blocking PRR interactions via a local steric effect. Interestingly, the brush polymer creates little barrier toward DNA-DNA interaction. Quantification of inflammatory cytokines in both mRNA and protein levels as well as the extent of cellular uptake shows a direct correlation between steric congestion and reduction of cellular immune response. These results suggest that the brush architecture offers unique advantages for PEGylating oligonucleotides in the context of minimizing unwanted immune system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xueguang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuyu Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michelle Corley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Song W, Musetti SN, Huang L. Nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2017; 148:16-30. [PMID: 28961532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is quickly growing to be the fourth most important cancer therapy, after surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy is the most promising cancer management strategy because it orchestrates the body's own immune system to target and eradicate cancer cells, which may result in durable antitumor responses and reduce metastasis and recurrence more than traditional treatments. Nanomaterials hold great promise in further improving the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy - in many cases, they are even necessary for effective delivery. In this review, we briefly summarize the basic principles of cancer immunotherapy and explain why and where to apply nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, with special emphasis on cancer vaccines and tumor microenvironment modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantong Song
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Sara N Musetti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Ou L, Lin S, Song B, Liu J, Lai R, Shao L. The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6633-6646. [PMID: 28924347 PMCID: PMC5595361 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s140526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are widely used in many fields, including biomedicine. To date, much attention had been paid to the potential unexpected toxic effects of GBMs. Here, we review the recent literature regarding the impact of GBMs on programmed cell death (PCD). Apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis are three major PCDs. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the mitochondrial pathways and MAPKs (JNK, ERK, and p38)- and TGF-β-related signaling pathways are implicated in GBMs-induced apoptosis. Autophagy, unlike apoptosis and necroptosis which are already clear cell death types, plays a vital pro-survival role in cell homeostasis, so its role in cell death should be carefully considered. However, GBMs always induce unrestrained autophagy accelerating cell death. GBMs trigger autophagy through inducing autophagosome accumulation and lysosome impairment. Mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, TLRs signaling pathways, and p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways participate in GBMs-induced autophagy. Programmed necrosis can be activated by RIP kinases, PARP, and TLR-4 signaling in macrophages after GBMs exposure. Though apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis are distinguished by some characteristics, their numerous signaling pathways comprise an interconnected network and correlate with each other, such as the TLRs, p53 signaling pathways, and the Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 interaction. A better understanding of the mechanisms of PCD induced by GBMs may allow for a thorough study of the toxicology of GBMs and a more precise determination of the consequences of human exposure to GBMs. These determinations will also benefit safety assessments of the biomedical and therapeutic applications of GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Kucki M, Diener L, Bohmer N, Hirsch C, Krug HF, Palermo V, Wick P. Uptake of label-free graphene oxide by Caco-2 cells is dependent on the cell differentiation status. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:46. [PMID: 28637475 PMCID: PMC5480125 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the interaction of graphene-related materials (GRM) with human cells is a key to the assessment of their potential risks for human health. There is a knowledge gap regarding the potential uptake of GRM by human intestinal cells after unintended ingestion. Therefore the aim of our study was to investigate the interaction of label-free graphene oxide (GO) with the intestinal cell line Caco-2 in vitro and to shed light on the influence of the cell phenotype given by the differentiation status on cellular uptake behaviour. RESULTS Internalisation of two label-free GOs with different lateral size and thickness by undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells was analysed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Semi-quantification of cells associated with GRM was performed by flow cytometry. Undifferentiated Caco-2 cells showed significant amounts of cell-associated GRM, whereas differentiated Caco-2 cells exhibited low adhesion of GO sheets. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed internalisation of both applied GO (small and large) by undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. Even large GO sheets with lateral dimensions up to 10 µm, were found internalised by undifferentiated cells, presumably by macropinocytosis. In contrast, no GO uptake could be found for differentiated Caco-2 cells exhibiting an enterocyte-like morphology with apical brush border. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the internalisation of GO is highly dependent on the cell differentiation status of human intestinal cells. During differentiation Caco-2 cells undergo intense phenotypic changes which lead to a dramatic decrease in GRM internalisation. The results support the hypothesis that the cell surface topography of differentiated Caco-2 cells given by the brush border leads to low adhesion of GO sheets and sterical hindrance for material uptake. In addition, the mechanical properties of GRM, especially flexibility of the sheets, seem to be an important factor for internalisation of large GO sheets by epithelial cells. Our results highlight the importance of the choice of the in vitro model to enable better in vitro-in vivo translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kucki
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Diener
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nils Bohmer
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Harald F. Krug
- International Research Cooperations Manager, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Emens LA, Ascierto PA, Darcy PK, Demaria S, Eggermont AMM, Redmond WL, Seliger B, Marincola FM. Cancer immunotherapy: Opportunities and challenges in the rapidly evolving clinical landscape. Eur J Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28623775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is now established as a powerful way to treat cancer. The recent clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade (antagonists of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1) highlights both the universal power of treating the immune system across tumour types and the unique features of cancer immunotherapy. Immune-related adverse events, atypical clinical response patterns, durable responses, and clear overall survival benefit distinguish cancer immunotherapy from cytotoxic cancer therapy. Combination immunotherapies that transform non-responders to responders are under rapid development. Current challenges facing the field include incorporating immunotherapy into adjuvant and neoadjuvant cancer therapy, refining dose, schedule and duration of treatment and developing novel surrogate endpoints that accurately capture overall survival benefit early in treatment. As the field rapidly evolves, we must prioritise the development of biomarkers to guide the use of immunotherapies in the most appropriate patients. Immunotherapy is already transforming cancer from a death sentence to a chronic disease for some patients. By making smart, evidence-based decisions in developing next generation immunotherapies, cancer should become an imminently treatable, curable and even preventable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisha A Emens
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Napoli, Italy
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Cancer Institute Gustave-Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif/Paris-Sud 94800, France
| | - William L Redmond
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Martin Luther University, Institute for Medical Immunology, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle, Germany
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