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Kracht CL, Burkart S, Groves CI, Balbim GM, Pfledderer CD, Porter CD, St Laurent CW, Johnson EK, Brown DMY. 24-hour movement behavior adherence and associations with health outcomes: an umbrella review. JOURNAL OF ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY AND SLEEP BEHAVIORS 2024; 3:25. [PMID: 39399355 PMCID: PMC11467106 DOI: 10.1186/s44167-024-00064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Background Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, collectively known as the 24-hour movement behaviors, demonstrate individual and joint benefits on physical and mental health. Examination of these behaviors has expanded beyond guideline adherence to reviews of isotemporal substitution models (ISM) and compositional data analysis (CoDA). This umbrella review sought to review existing systematic reviews to (1) characterize the breadth and scope, (2) examine prevalence estimates for 24-hour movement guideline adherence, and (3) examine the relationship between these behaviors with health outcomes based on various approaches. Methods Eight databases and multiple supplementary strategies were used to identify systematic reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses that included two or more of the three 24-hour movement behaviors and a multi-behavior assessment approach. Overall review characteristics, movement behavior definitions, approaches, and health outcomes assessed were extracted, and methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR2 tool. Review characteristics (Aim 1), guideline prevalence estimates (Aim 2), and associations with health outcomes (Aim 3) were examined. Findings Thirty-two reviews (20 systematic reviews, 10 meta-analyses, and 2 pooled analyses) were included. Reviews captured the entire lifespan, global regions, and several physical and mental health outcomes. Individual and total guideline adherence waned from preschool to adolescence, but reviews reported similar prevalence estimates and ranges (i.e., within 10%). Common approaches included ISM and CoDA, evaluating 24-hour movement behavior's interactive associations with health outcomes, guideline adherence, and profile-based analysis. Despite heterogeneous approaches, reviews found consistent evidence for beneficial associations between meeting all three guidelines and high amount of physical activity on physical and mental health outcomes, but varied assessment of sedentary behavior or sleep. Most reviews were rated as low or critically low quality. Conclusions The breadth and scope of current reviews on 24-hour movement behaviors was wide and varied in this umbrella review, including all ages and across the globe. Prevalence estimates among populations beyond children need to be synthesized. Amongst the variety of definitions and approaches, reviews found benefit from achieving healthy amounts of all three behaviors. Longitudinal multi-behavior original research studies with rigorous assessment of sleep and sedentary behavior may help improve future systematic reviews of these various approaches. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44167-024-00064-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L Kracht
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Sarah Burkart
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - Claire I Groves
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA
| | | | - Christopher D Pfledderer
- School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Austin, TX 78701 USA
| | - Carah D Porter
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, 1105 Sunset Ave, Manhattan, Kansas 66502 USA
| | | | - Emily K Johnson
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA
| | - Denver M Y Brown
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, 1105 Sunset Ave, Manhattan, Kansas 66502 USA
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Bhat YR, Rolls BJ, Wilson SJ, Rose E, Geier CF, Fuchs B, Garavan H, Keller KL. Eating in the Absence of Hunger is a stable predictor of adiposity gains in middle childhood. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)01075-7. [PMID: 39393498 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) is a behavioral phenotype of pediatric obesity characterized by consumption of palatable food beyond hunger. Studies in children have identified EAH as stable over time, but findings are unclear on whether it predicts development of adiposity, particularly in middle childhood, a period of increased autonomy over food choice. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that EAH would remain stable and be associated with increased adiposity over a ≥1-year prospective study in 7-8-year-old children without obesity. Secondary hypotheses tested whether physical activity moderated the impact of EAH on adiposity. METHODS Children (n=72, age 7.8±0.6 years; BMI%<90th), in a 7-visit longitudinal study, had EAH, adiposity, and physical activity assessed at baseline (Time 1-T1) and follow-up (Time 2-T2). EAH was determined by measuring children's intake from 9 energy-dense (>3.9 kcal/g) sweet and savory foods during a 10-minute access period following intake of a standard meal eaten to satiation. Adiposity was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), with an outcome of fat mass index (FMI; fat mass/ht in m-sq). Seven days of wrist-worn Actigraphy quantified moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time. RESULTS EAH had moderate stability across timepoints (ICC=0.54). ICCs were stronger for sweet (ICC=0.53) than savory (ICC=0.38) foods. Linear regression predicting 1-yr change in FMI (adjusted for income, parent education, sex, time to follow-up, T2 Tanner stage, maternal weight status, and baseline adiposity) found that both total and sweet food EAH at baseline predicted increases in adiposity (p<0.05 for both). EAH and adiposity were negatively correlated among children with high MVPA and low sedentary time. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that EAH is a stable predictive phenotype of increases in adiposity over 1 year among youth in middle childhood, although activity related behaviors may moderate this effect. If replicated, targeting EAH as part of interventions may prevent excess adiposity gain. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY The data was obtained from the Food and Brain study (ClinicalTrials.gov) NCT03341247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashaswini R Bhat
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences
| | - Barbara J Rolls
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences
| | | | - Emma Rose
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology
| | | | - Bari Fuchs
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences
| | - Hugh Garavan
- University of Vermont, Department of Psychological Sciences
| | - Kathleen L Keller
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences; The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Food Science.
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Silva DAS, Aubert S, Manyanga T, Lee EY, Salvo D, Tremblay MS. Physical Activity Report Card Indicators and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Insights From Global Matrix 4.0. J Phys Act Health 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39379013 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recognizes that physical activity (PA) during childhood is crucial for healthy development, aligning well with the achievement of several United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aimed to explore the associations between 10 key indicators of PA for children and adolescents assessed in the Global Matrix 4.0 project, and the UN SDGs. METHODS Data from 57 countries/jurisdictions of the Global Matrix 4.0 project were used. The UN SDG indicators were sourced from the SDG Transformation Center, which publishes each country's performance on each of the 17 SDGs. Given the robust evidence supporting plausible links between PA and SDGs 3 (good health and well-being), 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), 11 (sustainable cities and communities), 13 (climate action), and 16 (peace, justice, and strong institutions), these SDGs were investigated. RESULTS Countries/jurisdictions with good and moderate performance in achieving SDG 3, SDG 9, SDG 11, and SDG 16 had higher grades than countries/jurisdictions with fair performance in achieving these SDGs for the following indicators: Organized Sports and PA, Community and Environment, and Government Investments and Strategies. However, countries/jurisdictions with good performance in achieving SDG 13 had lower grades than countries/jurisdictions with fair performance in achieving SDG 13 for the following indicators: Organized Sports and PA, Community and Environment, and Government Investments and Strategies. CONCLUSIONS Organized Sports and PA, Community and Environment, and Government Investments and Strategies were the indicators that demonstrated differences between countries/jurisdictions with good and poor performance in achieving the SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Sports Center, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Taru Manyanga
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Salway R, House D, Walker R, Emm-Collison L, Breheny K, Sansum K, Williams JG, Hollingworth W, de Vocht F, Jago R. School-level variation in children's moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity before and after COVID-19: a multilevel model analysis. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39360867 DOI: 10.3310/wqjk9893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Schools play a crucial role in facilitating physical activity among children, but the COVID-19 pandemic has affected both children's physical activity and the school environment. It is essential to understand between-school differences in children's physical activity post lockdown, to determine if and how the role of schools has changed. Design and participants Active-6 is a natural experiment comparing postlockdown accelerometer-estimated physical activity to a pre-COVID-19 comparator group. Accelerometer and individual data were collected on 1296 children aged 10-11 pre-COVID-19 (2017-8), with school characteristics collected from the 50 schools they attended. Post lockdown, we collected accelerometer, individual and school data from 393 children in 23 of the same schools and 436 children in 27 of the same schools in 2021 (Wave 1) and 2022 (Wave 2), respectively. Methods Sources of variation (between-school, between-pupil and within-pupil) in child weekday moderate to vigorous physical activity at each wave were modelled using linear mixed-effects models with school-level wave random coefficients. We extended the model to estimate the proportion of between-school variation explained by school policy, curriculum and physical environment factors and school-aggregated pupil characteristics. We also explored the extent to which postlockdown differences in moderate to vigorous physical activity were mediated by individual or school factors. Results Between-school variation comprised 13% of the total variation pre-COVID-19, 7% in Wave 1 and 13% in Wave 2. School factors associated with moderate to vigorous physical activity were the following: whether physical education was compromised due to space (often: 9 minutes lower moderate to vigorous physical activity; sometimes: 5.4 minutes lower); high after-school club attendance (7 minutes higher moderate to vigorous physical activity for each additional club attended on average in the school); cycle training policy (4 minutes higher moderate to vigorous physical activity); and higher prevalence of active travel (1 minute higher moderate to vigorous physical activity for each 10% point increase in prevalence). These factors explained 22% of the between-school variation pre-COVID-19, and 72% at Wave 2. The relative importance changed, with cycle training policy and active travel being the most important pre-COVID-19 and cycle training policy, active after-school clubs and compromised physical education space most important in Wave 2. No factors were found to mediate the postlockdown differences in moderate to vigorous physical activity, except compromised physical education space, which had a suppressor effect in Wave 2. Limitations Only 27 of the initial 50 schools participated post lockdown, limiting our ability to make comparisons across waves. Sample sizes were additionally affected by missing data for some variables. Conclusions and future work While schools continue to play an important role in facilitating children's physical activity, the factors that contribute to this have changed post-COVID-19, with cycle training, active after-school clubs and ensuring physical education is prioritised even when space is limited now explaining nearly three-quarters of the between-school variation in children's moderate to vigorous physical activity. School-level interventions that focus on these areas, and policies that support them, may offer the potential to increase children's physical activity. Funding This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme as award number NIHR131847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Robert Walker
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katie Breheny
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Sansum
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joanna G Williams
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, UK
| | - William Hollingworth
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Ganesamoorthy K, Rangassamy I, Dhasaram P, Santhaseelan A. Assessment of screen time and its correlates among adolescents in selected rural areas of Puducherry. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024:ijamh-2024-0093. [PMID: 39348663 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2024-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess screen time and its correlates among adolescents in selected rural areas of Puducherry. METHODS This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among adolescents aged 10-19 years visiting the Pediatrics and other departments at Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS), Puducherry. The sample size of 164 was determined based on previous studies, with a systematic random sampling technique used for participant selection. Data collection involved a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic factors, screen time, sleep, dietary, and physical activity patterns. Increased screen time was defined as more than 2 h per day, and adequate physical activity was considered as at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercises. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 17, with associations tested using Chi-square analysis and a significance level set at p<0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 18.2 (0.9) years, with 86 % in the 16-19 years age group. Males comprised 53.7 %, and 66.5 % were from rural areas. The mean screen time was 4.4 (1.5) hours per day, with 79.1 % exceeding the recommended limit. Mobile phones were the most frequently used devices (92.7 %), primarily for watching movies (51.8 %) and videos (23.8 %). Increased screen time was significantly associated with younger age (10-15 years), urban residence, and school-going status. Adolescents with increased screen time exhibited lower physical activity and inadequate sleep. Additionally, increased consumption of packaged foods was observed among those with higher screen time. CONCLUSIONS More than three-fourths of the adolescents exceeded the recommended screen time, negatively impacting their physical activity and sleep. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote healthier lifestyle choices among adolescents in rural Puducherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Ganesamoorthy
- Department of Community Medicine, 200178 Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS) , Puducherry, India
| | - Ilavarasu Rangassamy
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India
| | - Premnath Dhasaram
- Department of Community Medicine, 200178 Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS) , Puducherry, India
| | - Amarnath Santhaseelan
- Department of Community Medicine, 200178 Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS) , Puducherry, India
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Wang Z, Tian Q, Xu Y, Hun M, Hu L, Zhao M, He Q. Dose-Response Relationships of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Sedentary Time With Renal Function Indices in Adolescents With Reduced Renal Function: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:1064. [PMID: 39187238 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time with renal function indices in adolescents with kidney disease. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 719 adolescents (median age 15 y, 40.6% female) with kidney disease from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. The exposures were MVPA time and sedentary time. Renal metabolic parameters included serum uric acid (SUA), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the albumin creatinine ratio. Weighted multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate associations between exposures and outcomes. RESULTS After stratifying MVPA time, the regression effect values β (95% CI) for MVPA on SUA (Q2: -0.22 [-0.41 to -0.03]; Q3: -0.32 [-0.53 to -0.11]) and creatinine (Q2: -0.08 [-0.15 to -0.01]; Q3: -0.04 [-0.11 to 0.03]) gradually decreased with increasing MVPA time. In males (-0.76 [-1.19 to -0.32]), MVPA time was significantly associated with lower SUA levels compared with females (-0.14 [-0.38 to 0.10]). Notably, female adolescents who had an MVPA time exceeding 420 minutes exhibited lower albumin creatinine ratio (-75.37 [-146.63 to -4.11]). In addition, both recreational MVPA time (-0.26 [-0.45 to -0.06]) and sedentary time (-3.15 [-5.83 to -0.46]) were negatively associated with eGFR. CONCLUSIONS Our study found an association between MVPA and lower levels of SUA in male adolescents with kidney disease and albuminuria in female adolescents with kidney disease. In addition, MVPA was also negatively associated with creatinine and eGFR, whereas sedentary time was only associated with eGFR. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisai Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuwei Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Marady Hun
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingnan He
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Lendt C, Hettiarachchi P, Johansson PJ, Duncan S, Lund Rasmussen C, Narayanan A, Stewart T. Assessing the Accuracy of Activity Classification Using Thigh-Worn Accelerometry: A Validation Study of ActiPASS in School-Aged Children. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:1092-1099. [PMID: 39159934 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ActiPASS software was developed from the open-source Acti4 activity classification algorithm for thigh-worn accelerometry. However, the original algorithm has not been validated in children or compared with a child-specific set of algorithm thresholds. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of ActiPASS in classifying activity types in children using 2 published sets of Acti4 thresholds. METHODS Laboratory and free-living data from 2 previous studies were used. The laboratory condition included 41 school-aged children (11.0 [4.8] y; 46.5% male), and the free-living condition included 15 children (10.0 [2.6] y; 66.6% male). Participants wore a single accelerometer on the dominant thigh, and annotated video recordings were used as a reference. Postures and activity types were classified with ActiPASS using the original adult thresholds and a child-specific set of thresholds. RESULTS Using the original adult thresholds, the mean balanced accuracy (95% CI) for the laboratory condition ranged from 0.62 (0.56-0.67) for lying to 0.97 (0.94-0.99) for running. For the free-living condition, accuracy ranged from 0.61 (0.48-0.75) for lying to 0.96 (0.92-0.99) for cycling. Mean balanced accuracy for overall sedentary behavior (sitting and lying) was ≥0.97 (0.95-0.99) across all thresholds and conditions. No meaningful differences were found between the 2 sets of thresholds, except for superior balanced accuracy of the adult thresholds for walking under laboratory conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that ActiPASS can accurately classify different basic types of physical activity and sedentary behavior in children using thigh-worn accelerometer data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claas Lendt
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Institute for Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pasan Hettiarachchi
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter J Johansson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Scott Duncan
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Anantha Narayanan
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tom Stewart
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Ranasinghe MP, Andersen H, Dempsey RK, Wexler N, Davis R, Francois M, Gilbert S, Okely AD, Sherrington C, Dempsey PC. Contemporary national and international guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for people living with chronic conditions, disability and advanced age: a scoping review. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2024-108247. [PMID: 39332845 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity guidelines inform policy and practice in promoting healthier lifestyles. The WHO advocates for distinct recommendations for each country to address variation in needs, resources and context. Specific regional recommendations for three underactive populations facing unique barriers to movement are lacking-people with chronic conditions, disability and advanced age. We review which countries/regions provide specific physical activity guidelines for these populations to identify deficiencies in meeting WHO recommendations and inform future directions for guideline development. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES OVID Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, CINAHL, Google searches, targeted websites. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Data sources were searched from database inception to September 2023 to identify community-facing physical activity guidelines at the national/international level for these populations. We recorded, summarised and analysed physical activity guideline recommendations extracted from published guideline documents, organised by population and country/region. RESULTS 66 articles were identified, addressing 28 distinct countries/regions, including four international guidelines, published from 2009 to 2023. The WHO guidelines were adopted by 19 countries and the European Union. Across all regions, a lack of specific advice was identified for individuals with chronic conditions (46%), disability (46%) and advanced age (11%). Advice for chronic conditions and disability commonly replicated general adult population advice. CONCLUSION Many countries/regions do not produce physical activity guidelines specific to populations with chronic conditions and disability. As such, a large proportion of countries/regions failed to meet WHO recommendations, highlighting a lack of customised advice to address unique barriers faced by vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Ranasinghe
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harrison Andersen
- School of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruby K Dempsey
- School of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Noah Wexler
- Department of Cardiology, Western Health, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rochelle Davis
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Monique Francois
- Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Gilbert
- Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony David Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Berk E, Aydogan Baykara R. Are Fibrous Cortical Defects (FCDs) and Non-Ossifying Fibromas (NOFs) Only Radiological Findings? The Relationship between Radiological/Clinical Findings and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5751. [PMID: 39407811 PMCID: PMC11477409 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13195751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibrous cortical defect (FCD) and non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) are incidentally recognised and benign developmental lesions. The objective of this study was to ascertain the clinical manifestations and symptoms of FCDs/NOFs in children and adolescent patients, to characterise the lesions radiologically using X-ray and MRI techniques, and to determine the relationship between physical activity and the condition. Methods: The study included patients under the age of 18 with radiological lesions on their extremities. The lesions were classified as FCD or NOF in accordance with the distinctive imaging features. For each lesion, the bone involved, the site involved, the size of the lesion, and the type of lesion (according to the Ritschl classification) were recorded. In the anamnesis, the patient's presenting complaint, the character of the pain, if any, and the level of activity were investigated. Pain was quantified using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the 21-Numbered Circle VAS (21-NCVAS). The 21-Numbered Circle Activity Scale (21-NCAS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were employed for the assessment of physical activity. Results: The study included 34 lesions in 28 children (14 girls/14 boys). There was no difference in age between girls and boys (p = 0.45). According to Ritschl's classification, 18 (52.9%) lesions were stage A, 9 (26.5%) were stage B, and 7 (20.6%) were stage C. The lesion size increased with increasing Ritschl stage (p < 0.02). The main presenting complaint was pain (n = 13, 49.9%). In 21.4% of the children (n = 6), lesions were detected incidentally on radiographs. According to IPAQ, 39.3% of the children were physically inactive. There was a significant negative correlation between 21-NCAS and Ritschl stage (r = -0.51, p < 0.05). Activity decreased as the Ritschl stage increased. There was a significant negative correlation between 21-NCAS and VAS (r = -0.69, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Spontaneous pain was observed in 49.9% of patients diagnosed with FCD/NOF. No correlation was identified between lesion size and the presence or severity of pain. As the severity of pain and Ritschl stage increased, there was a corresponding decrease in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Berk
- Department of Pediatrics, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, 44210 Malatya, Turkey;
| | - Rabia Aydogan Baykara
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, 44210 Malatya, Turkey
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10
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Zubizarreta E, Ortuondo J, Usabiaga O, Martinez-Merino N. Relevance and quality of the Gipuzkoan extracurricular youth sports program: an evaluation from a positive youth development perspective. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1404110. [PMID: 39386139 PMCID: PMC11462152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1404110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and sport (PAS) programmes are an important part of organized extracurricular activities for children and young people. They appear as potentially inclusive environments where students could be provided with holistic development based on active and healthy lifestyles. The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe the Gipuzkoa School Sport Programme (GSSP) from the positive youth development (PYD). The research was carried out based on CPAR (Critical Participatory Action-Research) methodology: a "CPAR group" was created -including researchers and policymakers- to carry out the evaluation of the GSSP in which we analyzed (a) the social environment or PYD climate and (b) life skills. The evaluation and description of the GSSP confirmed that it meets most requirements for providing positive development contexts and opportunities for PYD. The choice of prioritizing multisport and deliberate play and putting early specialization aside seem key conditions to ensure PYD-promoting environments. This work could serve as a referent for decision-makers in organizations dedicated to designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating PYD-focused extracurricular youth sport programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekain Zubizarreta
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Sports Faculty of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jon Ortuondo
- Teacher Training University College of Begoñako Andra Mari, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Oidui Usabiaga
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Sports Faculty of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Nagore Martinez-Merino
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression in the Faculty of Education of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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11
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de Camargo EM, Chen S, López-Bueno R, Mesas AE, Bizzozero-Peroni B, Martín-Calvo N, Jiménez-López E, López-Gil JF. Are perceived barriers to physical activity related to depression, anxiety and stress among adolescents? The EHDLA study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e002069. [PMID: 39314518 PMCID: PMC11418574 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was twofold: first, to examine the association between perceived barriers to physical activity (PA) practice and depression, anxiety and stress in a sample of Spanish adolescents; and second, to determine which barriers are specifically associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 765 adolescents aged 12-17 (55.6% girls) in the Valle of Ricote, Murcia, Spain. Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), with validated cut points employed to determine the presence of each of these mental conditions. The perception of barriers to PA was assessed using a validated questionnaire for the Spanish adolescent population. Results The barrier 'Because I feel that my physical appearance is worse than that of others' was related to a higher likelihood of having depression (OR=2.41; 95% CI 1.35 to 4.28; p=0.003), anxiety (OR=2.65; 95% CI 1.51 to 4.71; p=0.001) and stress (OR=2.82; 95% CI 1.59 to 5.07; p<0.001). Similarly, the barrier 'Because nobody encourages me to engage in physical activity' was related to a higher likelihood of having depression (OR=1.92; 95% CI 1.08 to 3.43; p=0.026), anxiety (OR=1.97; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.50; p=0.021) and stress (OR=1.99; 95% CI 1.12 to 3.59; p=0.021). Conclusion Perceived barriers to PA related to physical appearance and social support seem to be associated with a greater likelihood of depression, anxiety and stress among Spanish adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Higher Institute of Physical Education, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Nerea Martín-Calvo
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Jiménez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Li Y, Zhang L, Yang S, Zhang L, Yan J, Chen W, Zeng H, Sun Y, Zhu W. Regional Variations in Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents in Shaanxi Province. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1890. [PMID: 39337231 PMCID: PMC11431643 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to examine the geographical variation in physical fitness levels among Chinese children and adolescents in Shaanxi province. Methods: A total of 19,175 children from Shaanxi province with physical fitness data in 2019, participated in the study. Physical fitness was assessed using body mass index, force vital capacity, 50 m sprint, sit and reach, 1 min rope skipping, sit-ups, 50 m × 8 round-trip running, standing long jump, pull-ups, 800 m, and 1000 m running, and their standardized scores were aggregated to form a summary score. The total score is used to classify the physical fitness levels into four grades (excellence to failure). Results: The Guanzhong (GZ) region scored the highest, while Northern Shaanxi (NS) scored the lowest. The excellence rate for physical fitness was highest in GZ and lowest in NS, while the failure rate was highest in NS and lowest in GZ. Notably, children and adolescents in NS demonstrated the best endurance levels despite their overall lower fitness scores. The comprehensive physical fitness among Chinese children and adolescents in Shaanxi province showed significant regional disparities. GZ region exhibited the highest physical fitness levels, while Northern Shaanxi had the lowest. Conclusions: Region-specific interventions and targeted health policies are essential to address these disparities and improve the overall physical health status of children and adolescents in Shaanxi province.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuliang Sun
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (J.Y.); (W.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wenfei Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (J.Y.); (W.C.); (H.Z.)
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13
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Gansterer A, Moliterno P, Neidenbach R, Ollerieth C, Czernin S, Scharhag J, Widhalm K. Effect of a Web-Based Nutritional and Physical Activity Intervention With Email Support (the EDDY Program) on Primary School Children's BMI Z-Score During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Intervention Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e50289. [PMID: 39298741 PMCID: PMC11426922 DOI: 10.2196/50289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 mitigation measures enhanced increases in children's weight and BMI due to decreased physical activity and increased energy intake. Overweight and obesity were major worldwide problems before the pandemic, and COVID-19 increased their severity even more. High BMI directly correlates with health disadvantages including cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, and mental health diseases. Therefore, it is vitally important to develop counteracting interventions to maintain children's health during exceptional situations like pandemics. However, worldwide data from such interventions are limited, and to our knowledge, no suitable study has been carried out during the pandemic in Austria. Objective This study was conducted to examine a 15-week web-based intervention with email support, the EDDY (Effect of Sports and Diet Trainings to Prevent Obesity and Secondary Diseases and to Influence Young Children's Lifestyle) program and the effect of nutritional education and physical activity on children's BMI z-score during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vienna, Austria. Methods The intervention consisted of 3 weekly videos-2 physical activity and 1 nutritional education video, respectively-and a biweekly email newsletter for the parents. This study was conducted in a Viennese primary school from February to June 2021 by a team of physicians, nutritionists, and sports scientists, including both professionals and students. The study population included an intervention group (who received web-based nutritional and physical activity training) and a control group (who received no intervention), comprising in total 125 children aged 8 to 11 years. Due to COVID-19 mitigation measures, the control group was a comparative group observed during the prior school year (2019-2020). Anthropometric measurements were obtained before and after the intervention in both groups. Results Due to a high dropout rate (n=57, 45.6%) because of the mitigation measures, there were 41 children in the intervention group and 27 in the control group. At baseline, the BMI z-score was 1.0 (SD 1.1) in the intervention group and 0.6 (SD 1.2) in the control group (P=.17). After the study period, the BMI z-score decreased by 0.06 (SD 0.21) in the intervention group, whereas it increased by 0.17 (SD 0.34) in the control group (P<.001). Comparing the change in BMI z-scores within BMI categories in the intervention group and control group revealed a statistically significant difference in the normal-weight children (P=.006). Further results showed that the decrease in BMI z-score was significant in the intervention group among both boys (P=.004) and girls (P=.01). Conclusions A web-based intervention with combined nutritional education and physical activity training might be an adequate tool to lessen the enhanced increase in body weight during a pandemic. Therefore, additional studies with greater sample sizes and different locations are needed. As the implementation of such intervention programs is essential, further studies need to be established rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rhoia Neidenbach
- Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Department of Sport and Human Movement Science, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Ollerieth
- Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Department of Sport and Human Movement Science, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Czernin
- Austrian Academic Institute for Nutrition, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juergen Scharhag
- Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Department of Sport and Human Movement Science, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Austrian Academic Institute for Nutrition, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Jarnig G, Kerbl R, van Poppel MNM. Reliability, Objectivity, Validity, and Reference Levels of the Austrian Pole Climbing Test (APCT)-A Novel Monitoring Tool for Assessing General Fitness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:258. [PMID: 39330735 PMCID: PMC11435566 DOI: 10.3390/sports12090258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Climbing is an activity involving many major muscle groups and, therefore, it is suitable for assessing general physical fitness. The Austrian pole climbing test (APCT) was developed as a reliable and valid test for the assessment of general fitness levels in children, adolescents, and young adults. In this cross-sectional pilot study, 677 participants (aged 6 to 19 years) were assessed via the APCT. Subsequently, test quality criteria (reliability and objectivity) were assessed, and the test's validity was evaluated through comparisons with other established fitness tests (hand grip strength, standing long jump, and pull- and push-ups). Additionally, age- and gender-specific reference values were generated. The reliability (ICC2.1 = 0.97, 95%CI 0.95 to 0.98) and objectivity (ICC2.1 = 0.99, 95%CI 0.99 to 0.99) of the APCT were found to be excellent. The APCT results correlated strongly with the hand strength per kilogram of body weight (right: r = 0.58; left: r = 0.53), number of pull-ups (with upper grip: r = 0.74; with lower grip: r = 0.69) and standing long jump (r = 0.61); a moderate correlation with the push-up test was observed (r = 0.44). The APCT is reliable, objective, and suitable for children, adolescents, and young adults with an affinity for sports. It offers a novel opportunity to assess fitness without time pressure, considering the anthropometric requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Jarnig
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Kerbl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKH Hochsteiermark, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Mireille N M van Poppel
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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15
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Møller TK, Krustrup P, Brønd JC, Geiker NRW, Larsen MN. Essential Improvements in Fat Percentage and Cardiometabolic Fitness After a Residential Stay for Socially Vulnerable Children-With and Without the "11 for Health" Concept. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39293790 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2023-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
The Danish Christmas Seal Homes offer a 10-week residential stay for socially vulnerable children. We aimed to examine the effects on body composition and cardiometabolic fitness variables of the standard program (SG) and whether substituting physical activity sessions with sessions from a football-based health education program is beneficial for the participants ("11 for Health"; SG+). Three hundred and nine children participated in SG (12.4 [1.6] y) and 305 in SG+ (12.4 [1.4] y). Fat percentage was lowered by 6% for females (from 37% to 31%) and 8% for males (from 36% to 28%), with no between-group differences. We observed improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (3 and 5 mm Hg, respectively), resting heart rate (10 beats/min), aerobic fitness, jump performance, and relative muscle mass with no between-group differences. Furthermore, there were between-group differences in insulin levels for females (1.7 pmol/L; 95% CI, 0.3 to 3.0) and postural balance for males (1.0 s; 95% CI, 0.0 to 2.0), both in favor of SG+, and covered distance in the Andersen test for females (26 m; 95% CI, 3 to 49) in favor of SG. In conclusion, a 10-week stay at the Danish Christmas Seal Home resulted in clinically relevant improvement in fat percentage and cardiometabolic fitness in socially vulnerable children, regardless of the program type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine K Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense,Denmark
| | - Jan C Brønd
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense,Denmark
| | - Nina R W Geiker
- Centre for Childhood Health, Copenhagen,Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malte N Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense,Denmark
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16
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Aschwanden R, Messner C. How influencers motivate inactive adolescents to be more physically active: a mixed methods study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1429850. [PMID: 39360249 PMCID: PMC11445662 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1429850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Regular physical activity offers numerous health benefits, particularly for adolescents. However, only 14% of school-aged children in Switzerland achieve the World Health Organization's recommendation of 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day. Changing health behaviors is a complex process in which understanding behavioral and communication patterns is crucial. Because adolescents spend substantial time on social media channels and obtain information from them, these are potential channels for accessing health-related content. This study explores the questions of which influencers and what content motivate adolescents to be more physically active and whether influencers can impact enjoyment and the intention to engage in physical activity. Methods The study employed a convergent mixed methods approach, combining self-assessment questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Ninety-three adolescents aged 14-20 years who exercised < 1 h per day participated. They followed one of the six participating influencers on Instagram. Over 6 weeks, the questionnaires collected quantitative data, measuring enjoyment, stages of change, and physical activity levels. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 adolescents and six influencers to gain in-depth insights. Results The quantitative findings indicate that adolescent followers enjoyed physical activity more after the social media intervention and at follow-up than at the beginning of the study. The followers' stages of change progressed over time. Compared with those following more athletic influencers, followers of nonathletic influencers (that is, a singer, a journalist, and an eFootballer) showed increased physical activity over time. Qualitative analysis highlighted Instagram factors influencing physical activity, including resonance with influencers' lifestyles and preference for simple, relatable activities. Authentic content was positively associated with increased exercise, particularly among already motivated followers. Discussion Unexpectedly, nonathletic influencers, such as a singer, a journalist, and an eFootballer, motivated adolescents best despite their nontraditional focus on physical activity. Their success stems from relatable lifestyles and simple activities that are easily incorporated into their daily routines. Conversely, athletic influencers demonstrated challenging exercises that were fascinating but difficult to adopt. This finding suggests the potential for utilizing nonathletic influencers in future campaigns targeting inactive adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Aschwanden
- Department of Consumer Behavior, Institute of Marketing and Management, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claude Messner
- Department of Consumer Behavior, Institute of Marketing and Management, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Statsenko Y, Smetanina D, Simiyu GL, Belghali M, Ghenimi N, Mannaerts GHH, Almaramah L, Alhashmi M, Chun Mohammad N, Al Hamed R, Alblooshi SF, Talbi K, Albreiki M, Alkaabi F, Ponomareva A, Ljubisavljevic M. Race, Ethnicity, and Geography as Determinants of Excessive Weight and Low Physical Activity in Pediatric Population: Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1830. [PMID: 39337171 PMCID: PMC11431668 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The rationale for the current study is the sparsity of data on the combined effect of the environmental and individual risks of obesity and sedentary lifestyle in children of different races/ethnicities from different regions. An effective weight management strategy is hard to design due to insufficient evidence. This work was initiated to study race, ethnicity, and geography as determinants of excessive weight and low physical activity in the pediatric population. To achieve this aim, we systematically review publications on daily length of physical activity of light, moderate, and vigorous intensity, as well as sedentary time and BMI and its dynamics in children of different races/ethnicities and geographies. The extracted data are stratified into six major geographic regions and six races/ethnicities. Then, a random-effects meta-analysis is used to calculate the pooled mean of each outcome measure. A ridge regression is constructed to explore age-related change in BMI. A Kruskal-Wallis H test is applied to compare the pooled duration of physical activity and sedentary time in the subgroups. Finally, we calculate paired correlation coefficients between BMI and physical activity/inactivity for each group. The findings can be further used in public health surveillance to clarify the epidemiology of obesity, to guide priority setting and planning, and to develop and evaluate public health policy and strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yauhen Statsenko
- Imaging Platform, ASPIRE Precision Medicine Institute in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Darya Smetanina
- Imaging Platform, ASPIRE Precision Medicine Institute in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Gillian Lylian Simiyu
- Imaging Platform, ASPIRE Precision Medicine Institute in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Maroua Belghali
- CIAMS Laboratory, Orléans University, 45062 Orléans, France;
| | - Nadirah Ghenimi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | | | - Leena Almaramah
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Maryam Alhashmi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Nazia Chun Mohammad
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Rahaf Al Hamed
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Sara F. Alblooshi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Khawla Talbi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Maitha Albreiki
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Fatima Alkaabi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (L.A.); (M.A.); (N.C.M.); (R.A.H.); (S.F.A.); (K.T.); (M.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Anna Ponomareva
- Scientific-Research Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia;
| | - Milos Ljubisavljevic
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Neuroscience Platform, ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Sun X, Yang L, Zhu Z, Wang W, Zhu L, Dong S, Guo L, Yang L, Lin YF, Chen X, Wang W, Lu X, Lu C, Yan B. Association between meeting 24-hour movement behavior guidelines and quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2455. [PMID: 39251958 PMCID: PMC11386353 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guideline helps enhance quality of life (QOL) of adolescents. This study aimed to assess the associations between the 24-HMB (physical activity, screen time, sleep) and QOL among adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and September 2023. 24-HMB, QOL and demographic variables were collected through a self-reported questionnaire. Linear regression models and stratified analyses were used to explore statistical associations between the 24-HMB and QOL. RESULTS A total of 1073 participants aged 10-18 years with a spinal Cobb angle between 10° and 40° were included. Overall, 20 participants (1.9%) met all three behavioral guidelines, and 272 participants (25.3%) met none. Compared to those who did not meet any of the guidelines, adolescents meeting both screen time and sleep duration (β = 4.10, 95% CI: 2.02-6.18, P < 0.001) and all 3 guidelines (β = 4.39, 95% CI: 0.27-8.51, P = 0.037) had higher QOL scores. Stratified analyses showed that the above associations were more pronounced in adolescents without back pain or with good self-image. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of adopting and maintaining healthy behavioral habits in order to improve QOL among adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, especially in those without back pain or with good self-image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchang Sun
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liwan Zhu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuwen Dong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liwen Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaosheng Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinhai Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Number 3002, Sungang west road, Futian district, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Youth Spine Health Center, Shenzhen, China.
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Francisquini MCJ, Silva TMDS, Santos GCD, Barbosa RDO, Dias PHG, Ruiz AB, Silva JMD, Stabelini Neto A. Associations of screen time with symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2024; 43:e2023250. [PMID: 39258642 PMCID: PMC11385738 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2025/43/2023250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between self-reported screen time and symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 982 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years, enrolled in public schools in Jacarezinho (PR), Brazil. Screen time was assessed by the question "Considering a typical day, how much time do you spend watching TV, playing videogame, using computer or smartphone?" The DASS-21 questionnaire (short form) was used to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Crude and adjusted analyses (age, sex, and maternal level of education) between screen time and mental disorders symptoms were performed using general linear regression models, with Poisson distribution, with significance level at p<0.05. RESULTS Higher depressive symptoms were observed in adolescents who reported screen time of 4-6 hours/day (PR 1.35, 95%CI 1.13-1.61) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.88, 95%CI 1.62-2.19), compared with their pairs with <2 hours/day. The same was observed for anxiety symptoms with screen time of 4-6 hours/day (PR 1.23, 95%CI 1.04-1.46) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.50, 95%CI 1.28-1.77); and stress, with 4-6 hours/day (PR 1.25, 95%CI 1.08-1.44) and ≥6 hours/day (PR 1.49, 95%CI 1.30-1.71), also compared with their pairs with <2 hours/day. CONCLUSIONS Screen time was positively associated with depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adolescents. Special attention should be given to those who spend more than four hours a day in front of a screen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ariel Bello Ruiz
- Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Stabelini Neto
- Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina ,PR, Brazil
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Calcaterra V, Vandoni M, Bianchi A, Pirazzi A, Tiranini L, Baldassarre P, Diotti M, Cavallo C, Nappi RE, Zuccotti G. Menstrual Dysfunction in Adolescent Female Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:245. [PMID: 39330722 PMCID: PMC11435995 DOI: 10.3390/sports12090245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the benefits of exercise on mental and physical health, excessive training loads can lead to health problems in the long term, including a wide spectrum of menstrual dysfunction (MD). This narrative review aims to analyze the relationship between physical exercise and MD in adolescent female athletes to support regular menstrual health monitoring and promote educational programs on reproductive risks. When dealing with MD in young athletes, several factors entangled with maturation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis should be considered. Firstly, some disciplines seem to have a higher prevalence of MD due to the high loads of training regimes and the early introduction of athletes to a competitive career. Moreover, low energy intake and a low body mass index appear to exacerbate existing MD. Lastly, disordered eating behaviors and psychological stress can contribute to MD in female athletes. The type of sport, influencing the intensity and duration of exercise, as well as individual psycho-physiological and environmental factors, may influence the role of physical activity in the manifestation of MD. Early recognition and management of MD, along with collaboration between sports organizations and health professionals, are crucial to minimize risks, ensure proper nutrition, and balance training with recovery. Keeping an open discussion on the topic may prospectively improve awareness, early diagnosis, and treatment strategies, as well as reduce injury risk and enhance sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Bianchi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Agnese Pirazzi
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lara Tiranini
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Baldassarre
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Marianna Diotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Cavallo
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Elena Nappi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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Yoshikawa A, Asakura K, Mori S, Fujiwara A, Sasaki S, Nishiwaki Y. Possible determinants of physical fitness in Japanese school children: A cross-sectional study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2024. [PMID: 39225179 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical fitness is one of the most important health indicators in children. Although appropriate body composition or certain lifestyle factors such as frequent physical activity are thought to improve physical fitness, results of previous studies are inconsistent, and most studies were from Western countries. OBJECTIVES We investigated associations of body composition and modifiable lifestyle factors such as physical activity, screen time, diet and sleep duration with physical fitness in Japanese primary school children. METHODS 2308 children (age 10-12 years old) in 12 primary schools were analysed in this cross-sectional study. Physical fitness was evaluated by sports battery tests conducted routinely and annually at schools. The total score of sports battery tests, 20-m shuttle run (laps) and grip strength (kg) were selected as outcomes. Information about lifestyle factors was collected by two questionnaires. Associations between lifestyle factors and physical fitness were assessed by multivariable linear mixed models by sex. RESULTS Frequent exercise was related to better overall physical fitness. Regarding the 20-m shuttle run, many unfavourable lifestyle factors such as higher BMI in boys (β -7.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] -8.39, -6.35) and girls (β -3.54, 95% CI -4.50, -2.58), longer screen time (β -4.31, 95% CI -7.29, -1.34) in boys and girls (β -5.65, 95% CI -9.01, -2.30); shortest (reference) versus longest, breakfast skipping in boys (β -5.24, 95% CI -8.71, -1.77) and girls (β -3.57, 95% CI -6.84, -0.30); consumers (reference) versus skippers were associated with worse performance. Better quality of diet was associated with better results in the 20-m shuttle run only in girls (β 2.58, 95% CI 0.24, 4.93); lowest (reference) versus highest. CONCLUSIONS Frequent exercise was related to better physical fitness. Higher BMI and unfavourable lifestyle factors such as longer screen time and breakfast skipping were associated with worse results of the 20-m shuttle run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yoshikawa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachie Mori
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Division of Food Safety Information, National Institutes of Health Sciences, Kawasaki City, Japan
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiwaki
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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da Silva JI, de Souza Andrade AC, Muraro AP. Global Physical Activity, Active Commuting to School, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latin American Adolescents: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and the National School Health Survey. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:879-889. [PMID: 39069289 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the overall prevalence, stratified by sex and age group of global physical activity (GPA), active commuting to school (ACS), and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents from ten Latin American countries, and to assess the correlation of Development Index with the indicators. METHODS This research is grounded on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2009-2015) and the 2015 Brazilian National School Health Survey. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for GPA (≥5 d/wk), ACS (≥1 d/wk), and SB (>2 h/d) were calculated using the chi-square test to compare the sexes (male; female) and age group (≤13 y; 14 y; 15 y; ≥16 y). We also performed Pearson correlation analysis with the Human Development Index. RESULTS The prevalence of indicators ranged from 16.1% to 28.2% for GPA, from 56.7% to 71.2% for ACS, and from 20.7% to 62.6% for SB. Boys generally had a higher prevalence of GPA and ACS, and girls had a higher prevalence of SB. The prevalence of the indicators by age group varied between countries, with significant differences observed in some, depending on each indicator. A positive correlation was observed between Human Development Index, GPA, and SB. CONCLUSION Health promotion policies must include guidelines that encourage and promote a more active and less sedentary lifestyle among young people in Latin America, considering specific groups, the local socioeconomic context, and differences between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ilídio da Silva
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Syväoja HJ, Sneck S, Kukko T, Asunta P, Räsänen P, Viholainen H, Kulmala J, Hakonen H, Tammelin TH. Effects of physically active maths lessons on children's maths performance and maths-related affective factors: Multi-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 94:839-861. [PMID: 38705861 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) may benefit academic performance, but it is unclear what kind of classroom-based PA is optimal for learning. AIM We studied the effects of physically active maths lessons on children's maths performance and maths-related effects, and whether gender and previous mathematical or motor skills modify these effects. SAMPLE A total of 22 volunteered teachers and their pupils with signed consent (N = 397, mean age: 9.3 years, 51% females) participated in a 5-month, teacher-led, multi-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial. METHODS The intervention included a PAL group (20 min of physically active learning in each 45-min lesson), a breaks group (two 5-min PA breaks in each 45-min lesson) and a control group (traditional teaching). Maths performance was assessed with a tailored curriculum-based test. Maths-related enjoyment, self-perceptions and anxiety were measured with a self-reported questionnaire. The individual-level intervention effects were tested via covariate-adjusted linear mixed-effect models with school classes serving as random effects. RESULTS Changes in maths performance or self-perceptions did not differ between the intervention groups. Maths anxiety in learning situations increased in the PAL group (effect .28, 95% CI = .01-.56); there was no change in the other groups. Subgroup analyses suggested that maths anxiety increased in the PAL group among children in the two lowest tertiles of motor skills. It decreased in the highest tertile. Enjoyment decreased in the breaks group among pupils in the lowest motor skill tertile. CONCLUSIONS Physically active maths lessons did not affect maths performance or self-perceptions but had divergent effects on maths anxiety and enjoyment, depending on motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi J Syväoja
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sirpa Sneck
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Educational Sciences and Teacher Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kukko
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Piritta Asunta
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pekka Räsänen
- Faculty of Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Viholainen
- Department of Education, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Janne Kulmala
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harto Hakonen
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija H Tammelin
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Mullhall P, Taggart L, McDermott G, Slater P, Fitzpatrick B, Murphy MH, Hassiotis A, Johnston A. 'Walk Buds': A walking intervention to increase physical activity, physical fitness, and emotional wellbeing, in 9-13 year old children with intellectual disabilities. Results of a clustered randomised feasibility trial. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13260. [PMID: 38937072 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual disability are less physically active and more sedentary than typically developing peers. To date no studies have tested the feasibility of a school-based walking intervention for children with Intellectual Disability. METHOD A clustered randomised controlled trial (cRCT), with an embedded process evaluation, was used to test the feasibility of a school-based walking intervention. Eight schools (n = 161 pupils aged 9-13 years) were randomised into either an intervention arm or an 'exercise as usual' arm. Measures included physical activity, physical fitness and emotional wellbeing. Baseline and 3-month follow-up data were collected. RESULTS The 'Walk Buds' intervention was found to be acceptable to teaching staff and pupils, with an uptake rate of the walking sessions offered of 84%. CONCLUSION A number of challenges were experienced, relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, and difficulties collecting accelerometer data. Barriers, facilitators and required changes identified through the mixed methods process evaluation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mullhall
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Laurence Taggart
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gary McDermott
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Paul Slater
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ben Fitzpatrick
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Marie H Murphy
- The School of Sport, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Angela Hassiotis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Araujo RHO, Werneck AO, Martins CL, Barboza LL, Tassitano RM, Aguilar-Farias N, Jesus GM, Ramírez-Vélez R, Tesler R, Oyeyemi AL, Silva ECM, Weaver RG, Tremblay MS, Brazo-Sayavera J, Mielke GI, Silva DRP. Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week: An analysis with 707,616 adolescents. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:709-716. [PMID: 37923057 PMCID: PMC11282350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, using only this cut-off could hide important information. For instance, from a population-level point of view, increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate levels. Also, including a more sensitive cut-point of ≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity practice. Thus, the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week among adolescents globally, and to describe any relevant gender inequalities. METHODS We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and 2019. MVPA was self-reported. Participants were grouped into younger (≤14 years old) and older (>14 years old) adolescents. Crude Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week between boys and girls, and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled estimates. Analyses were stratified by country and region. RESULTS Approximately 80% of both younger and older adolescents reported ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week. This prevalence was ≥94% in Europe and Central Asia and North America, while the estimates for the other regions were <77%. The prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls, with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents (Prevalence ratio≤14y = 1.04 (95% confidence interval (95%CI)): 1.03‒1.04) vs. Prevalence ratio>14y = 1.09 (95%CI: 1.08‒1.10)). CONCLUSION Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week, with notable differences between regions. Gender differences were observed in several countries, especially among the oldest adolescents. Priorities for physical activity promotion among adolescents should include increasing access/opportunities for physical activity among those who do not achieve ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week and reducing gender inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Clarice L Martins
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil; Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto 4500, Portugal
| | - Luciana L Barboza
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801-3841, USA
| | - Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4680000, Chile
| | - Gilmar M Jesus
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona 31006, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tuluá, Valle del Cauca 763022, Colombia
| | - Riki Tesler
- Health Management Department, Faculty of Heath sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ellen C M Silva
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Robert G Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Seville 41013, Spain; Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera 40000, Uruguay
| | - Grégore I Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Danilo R P Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão 490100-000, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
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Feng B, Luo F, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang P, Bao R. Exploring the sports participation, muscle-strengthening exercise and active commuting with comorbidity of depression and anxiety among Chinese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1338190. [PMID: 39257409 PMCID: PMC11385614 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1338190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior research has shown that physical activity (PA) is a crucial element for preserving and enhancing health, particularly among children and adolescents, and consistent engagement in PA offers numerous advantages for sustaining typical physical and mental well-being. Purpose Hence, the primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between sport participation, muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE), and active commuting (AC) in the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety in Chinese children and adolescents. Method This cross-sectional investigation occurred in various cities across the southeastern region of China between March 2021 and October 2021. A convenient sampling method was utilized. We invited children and adolescents to participate in the questionnaire survey. A total of 1,996 participants completed the questionnaires with the endorsement of their parents or guardians under the supervision of schoolteachers and headmasters. Girls comprised 47.5% of the participants, and the average age of participants was 14.8 ± 2.0 years. We conducted a logistic regression analysis, including 95% confidence intervals, to explore the association between sports participation, MSE, AC, and the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety. Results No significant association was observed between weekday active commuting for travelling to and from school and MSE and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents. A negative association was only detected for those who engaged in muscle-strengthening exercises 4 days a week (OR = 0.540, 95% CI = 0.345-0.845) compared to those who did not partake in such exercises. Conclusion The present study has provided evidence of the connection between sports participation and the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among Chinese children and adolescents. Sports participation is more likely to help adolescents relieve anxiety and depression than AC, MSE. In forthcoming research, it is imperative to delve deeper into strategies that enhance the impact of sports on the mental well-being of children and young individuals. Furthermore, optimizing the magnitude of this effect may be achievable by focusing on neurobiological, behavioral, and psychosocial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- Department of Physical Education, Tianjin College, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchen Luo
- Department of Physical Education, Tianjin College, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Tianjin College, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Beijing Zhengze School, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Sports Science, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China
- Department of History, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Bao
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Olivares-Tirado P, Zanga R. Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Self-Rated Health Status in Brazilian Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39179213 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
In a longevity society, as we live longer, adopting healthy lifestyles is essential to develop and maintain functional ability, which enables well-being in older adults. We aim to examine the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SBs) with self-rated health (SRH) status in older Brazilian adults. We analyzed 21,701 persons aged 60 or older from the Brazilian National Health Survey. A partial proportional odds model for SRH adjusted by sociodemographic confounders was estimated. The marginal effects of PA and SB on SRH status were expressed in terms of the average-adjusted probabilities. In addition, average-adjusted probabilities for the better and worse SRH status among representative cases of Brazilian socioeconomic inequalities were calculated. The main findings of the study indicate: (a) a significant positive association exists between PA and SRH status and, conversely, a negative association exists between SB and SRH; (b) the PA effect across daily sitting time watching TV attenuated and improved the probability of declaring a worse and better SRH status, respectively; and (c) the SRH status differences associated with PA and SB represent the socioeconomic inequalities in the older Brazilian population. Beyond some methodological limitations, we conclude that increasing PA and SB in older persons is significantly associated with better and worse SRH status, respectively. In addition, the results suggest that SRH status is a consistent health inequality measurement. In societies moving on longevity transition, substantial efforts are required in individuals' behavior across the life courses and public policies to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Olivares-Tirado
- Departamento de Economia, Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Rosendo Zanga
- System Policy and Management Program, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Shahbazi N, Heirani A, Amiri E, da Silva Machado DG. Effects of repeated unihemispheric concurrent dual-site tDCS and virtual reality games on motor coordination of sedentary adolescent girls. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2024; 20:20. [PMID: 39174998 PMCID: PMC11342668 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of repetitive unihemispheric concurrent dual-site anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCSUHCDS) associated with the use of virtual reality games (VR) on the motor coordination of sedentary adolescent girls. METHODS Thirty-six inactive adolescent girls were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 12 per group): (1) VR + a-tDCSUHCDS, (2) VR + sham-tDCSUHCDS, and (3) Control. The VR + a-tDCSUHCDS and VR + s-tDCSUHCDS groups received the intervention three times a week for four weeks. In each experimental session, participants first received either 20 min of a-tDCSUHCDS (2 mA at each anodal electrode) targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or sham and then performed VR for 1 h. The control group received no intervention. Eye-hand coordination (EHC) and bimanual coordination (BC) were measured at baseline, post-intervention, and two weeks later (retention test) using the automatic scoring mirror tracer and continuous two-arm coordination test, respectively. RESULTS Results showed that the EHC was significantly higher in the VR + a-tDCS and VR + s-tDCS groups at post-intervention (all ps< 0.001) and the retention test (all ps< 0.001) compared to the control group. Moreover, the EHC was significantly higher in the VR + a-tDCS group compared to the VR + s-tDCS group (p = 0.024) at the retention. Similarly, VR + a-tDCS and VR + s-tDCS improved BC compared to the control group at post-intervention (all ps< 0.001) and retention test (all ps< 0.001). In addition, higher BC was observed in the VR + a-tDCS group compared to the VR + s-tDCS group (p< 0.001) at the retention test. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that adding a-tDCSUHCDS to VR over 12 sessions may have an additional effect on VR training for improving and retaining motor coordination in sedentary adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Shahbazi
- Department of Motor Behavior and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Heirani
- Department of Motor Behavior and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado
- Research Group in Neuroscience of Human Movement (NeuroMove), Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Sheng J, Zhang H, Song Y, Lou H, Wu C, Hao C, Li R, Gao G, Lou X, Wang X. Physical activity may attenuate psychological distress associated with different types of sedentary behaviors: a cross-sectional study of 10972 Chinese students. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024:99228241273420. [PMID: 39143677 DOI: 10.1177/00099228241273420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with psychological distress. In this cross-sectional study, all participants underwent a physical examination and questionnaire survey, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and psychological distress. The rank-sum test was used to compare the distribution of psychological distress status among students with different characteristics, physical activity levels, and sedentary time. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the independent and joint association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and psychological distress, stratified by age. The results of the rank sum test and logistic regression showed that students with more sedentary behavior and less physical activity were associated with higher psychological distress generally, but physical activity may attenuate the psychological distress relevant to non-screen-based sedentary behavior on weekdays in middle and high school students and screen-based sedentary behavior on weekends in all participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hao Lou
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Changfu Hao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ran Li
- Zhengzhou Station for Students' Health, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Genli Gao
- The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Gómez-Cuesta N, Mateo-Orcajada A, Meroño L, Abenza-Cano L, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. A mobile app-based intervention improves anthropometry, body composition and fitness, regardless of previous active-inactive status: a randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1380621. [PMID: 39193194 PMCID: PMC11348438 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1380621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of mobile apps to promote physical activity in adolescents can improve health-related parameters. However, previous studies have not evaluated whether the benefits depend on the users' prior active or inactive status. Therefore, the main objective was to analyze differences in physical activity levels, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD), anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness between active and inactive adolescents. Methods The study was conducted through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 462 adolescents, divided into experimental (EG) and control groups (CG), further categorized as active and inactive. Variables of physical activity, kinanthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness were measured before (pre-test) and after (post-test) a 10-week intervention using step-tracking apps (Strava, Pacer, MapMyWalk, and PokémonGo) at least three times per week. Results The results showed that inactive EG adolescents significantly increased their physical activity levels, body mass, and muscle mass, and improved in all fitness variables except the countermovement jump (CMJ). The sum of three skinfolds also significantly decreased. Active EG adolescents increased body and muscle mass and improved in all fitness variables. Additionally, they significantly reduced fat mass and the sum of three skinfolds. All covariates, mainly gender and maturity, had significant effects on the study variables. Comparing changes between the active EG and CG groups, significant differences were found in body mass index (BMI) and CMJ in favor of the EG. However, while significant differences were observed in the study variables when analyzing each app individually, there were no differences between the changes produced by each app in these variables. Conclusion After a 10-week program of physical activity promoted through step-tracking apps, improvements were observed in fat variables, cardiorespiratory fitness, and curl-up performance. Furthermore, only inactive adolescents perceived an increase in their level of physical activity. The measurement protocol was registered prior to the start of the intervention at ClinicalTrials.gov (code: NCT04860128).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lourdes Meroño
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucía Abenza-Cano
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Salway R, Jago R, de Vocht F, House D, Porter A, Walker R, Kipping R, Owen CG, Hudda MT, Northstone K, van Sluijs E. School-level intra-cluster correlation coefficients and autocorrelations for children's accelerometer-measured physical activity in England by age and gender. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:179. [PMID: 39123109 PMCID: PMC11313128 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomised, cluster-based study designs in schools are commonly used to evaluate children's physical activity interventions. Sample size estimation relies on accurate estimation of the intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC), but published estimates, especially using accelerometry-measured physical activity, are few and vary depending on physical activity outcome and participant age. Less commonly-used cluster-based designs, such as stepped wedge designs, also need to account for correlations over time, e.g. cluster autocorrelation (CAC) and individual autocorrelation (IAC), but no estimates are currently available. This paper estimates the school-level ICC, CAC and IAC for England children's accelerometer-measured physical activity outcomes by age group and gender, to inform the design of future school-based cluster trials. METHODS Data were pooled from seven large English datasets of accelerometer-measured physical activity data between 2002-18 (> 13,500 pupils, 540 primary and secondary schools). Linear mixed effect models estimated ICCs for weekday and whole week for minutes spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and being sedentary for different age groups, stratified by gender. The CAC (1,252 schools) and IAC (34,923 pupils) were estimated by length of follow-up from pooled longitudinal data. RESULTS School-level ICCs for weekday MVPA were higher in primary schools (from 0.07 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.10) to 0.08 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.11)) compared to secondary (from 0.04 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.07) to (95% CI: 0.04, 0.10)). Girls' ICCs were similar for primary and secondary schools, but boys' were lower in secondary. For all ages, combined the CAC was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44-0.72), and the IAC was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.42-0.49), irrespective of follow-up time. Estimates were higher for MVPA vs sedentary time, and for weekdays vs the whole week. CONCLUSIONS Adequately powered studies are important to evidence effective physical activity strategies. Our estimates of the ICC, CAC and IAC may be used to plan future school-based physical activity evaluations and were fairly consistent across a range of ages and settings, suggesting that results may be applied to other high income countries with similar school physical activity provision. It is important to use estimates appropriate to the study design, and that match the intended study population as closely as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Salway
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Russell Jago
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Danielle House
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alice Porter
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Robert Walker
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Kipping
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher G Owen
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Mohammed T Hudda
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Kate Northstone
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Esther van Sluijs
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Sun F, Williams CA, Sun Q, Hu F, Zhang T. Effect of eight-week high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training programme on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors in sedentary adolescents. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1450341. [PMID: 39183975 PMCID: PMC11341307 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1450341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to assess and compare the effect of an 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) programme on body composition and cardiovascular metabolic outcomes of sedentary adolescents in China. Methods Eighteen sedentary normal-weight adolescents (age: 18.5 ± 0.3 years, 11 females) were randomized into three groups. HIIT group protocol consisted of three sessions/week for 8-week of "all out" sprints to reach 85%-95% of HRmax, and MICT group protocol undertook three sessions/week for 8-week of continuous running to reach 65%-75% of HRmax. The control group resumed normal daily activities without any intervention. Blood pressure and body composition were measured, and fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and 48 h post-trial. Mixed-design ANOVA analysis was employed followed by post hoc t-tests and Bonferroni alpha-correction was used to evaluate interaction, between-group, and within-group differences, respectively. Results Results indicated that HIIT and MICT similarly affected body fat mass (p = 0.021, ES = 0.19; p = 0.016, ES = 0.30, respectively), body fat percentage (p = 0.037, ES = 0.17; p = 0.041, ES = 0.28, respectively), visceral fat area (p = 0.001, ES = 0.35; p = 0.003, ES = 0.49, respectively) of body composition. A positive outcome was observed for waist/hip ratio (p = 0.033, ES = 0.43) in HIIT, but not MICT (p = 0.163, ES = 0.33). No significant differences were found between groups for any clinical biomarkers. However, pairwise comparison within the group showed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.018, ES = 0.84), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.008, ES = 1.76), and triglyceride (p = 0.004, ES = 1.33) in HIIT, but no significant differences were found in the MICT and Control group. Conclusion Both 8-week HIIT and MICT programmes have similar positive effects on reducing body fat mass, fat percentage, and visceral fat area. However, sedentary adolescents may have limited scope to decrease insulin resistance after these 8-week interventions. Notably, the 8-week HIIT intervention was highly effective in increasing cardiometabolic health compared to the MICT. The exercise intensity threshold value and metabolic outcomes of high-intensity interval sprints should be explored further to extend the long-term benefit in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Sun
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Craig A Williams
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Qiang Sun
- Sport Science Research Institute, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Hospital, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Hospital, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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González-Devesa D, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Ayán-Pérez C, Blanco-Martínez N, Soutullo Rivas M, Vidal-Mariño M, Varela S. Analysis of the Energy Expenditure of Sports School Activities in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:946. [PMID: 39201881 PMCID: PMC11352788 DOI: 10.3390/children11080946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: This study explores the potential energy expenditure associated with participation in after-school sports activities among primary school children. (2) Methods: The study involved 129 children age (11.35 ± 0.55 years) recruited from eight different public after-school sport programs. (3) Results: Data analyses revealed significant differences between the eight sports in total calories per session, calories per minute, and METs (p < 0.05). All sports showed higher energy expenditure compared to chess (p < 0.05), with soccer and rugby exhibiting the highest energy expenditure per session. Team sports showed elevated energy consumption per session (p < 0.01, r > 0.30), calories per minute (p = 0.01, r > 0.40), and METs (p < 0.01, r > 0.40) in comparison with individual sports. (4) Conclusions: These findings enhance our understanding of the energy expenditure observed in primary school children following various after-school sports activities. The results indicate that team sports, in particular, are pivotal in elevating physical activity levels, thereby playing an essential role in fostering healthier lifestyles among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Devesa
- Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain (M.A.S.-L.); (S.V.)
| | - Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra
- Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain (M.A.S.-L.); (S.V.)
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Ayán-Pérez
- Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain (M.A.S.-L.); (S.V.)
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Nerea Blanco-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte, Universidad de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (N.B.-M.); (M.S.R.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - María Soutullo Rivas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte, Universidad de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (N.B.-M.); (M.S.R.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - María Vidal-Mariño
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte, Universidad de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (N.B.-M.); (M.S.R.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Silvia Varela
- Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain (M.A.S.-L.); (S.V.)
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Cui J, Mu J, Liao J, Shi Z, Qin K, Li L. Association of screen-based sedentary behavior with executive function in school-aged children: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 244:105956. [PMID: 38735222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Screen-based sedentary behavior (SSB) is a significant risk factor for the health of school-aged children, and guidelines recommend limiting SSB to 2 hr per day. This study aimed to examine association and potential mechanisms between SSB and executive function (EF) by comparing Stroop performance and frontal hemodynamic responses between children with and without excessive SSB. A total of 70 children aged 10 to 15 years were recruited and divided into two groups: excessive screen time (≥2 hr/day; n = 35; ES group) and normal screen time (<2 hr/day; n = 35; NS group). The Chinese version of the Adolescent Sedentary Activities Questionnaire was used to assess SSB, whereas EF was evaluated using the Stroop task. The frontal hemodynamic responses during the Stroop task were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the ES group had lower accuracy, longer reaction times, and greater activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left pre-supplementary motor area (Pre-SMA) compared with the NS group. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between Stroop performance and cortical activation in the left DLPFC and Pre-SMA. These findings demonstrate that excessive SSB is associated with poor EF, which may be explained by a decrease in neural efficiency of the left DLPFC and Pre-SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- College of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - JunLin Mu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453002, China
| | - JinJin Liao
- Hangzhou Dongcheng Foreign Language Experimental School, Zhejiang 310019, China
| | - ZhuoYue Shi
- Affiliated Primary School of Chengdu University of Technology, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - KaiPeng Qin
- High School Affiliated to Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu 210003, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Chaabene H, Markov A, Schega L. Why should the Next Generation of Youth Guidelines Prioritize Vigorous Physical Activity? SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:87. [PMID: 39080127 PMCID: PMC11289195 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The health benefits of regular physical activity (PA) in youth are well-documented. Yet the adherence rate to PA guidelines among youth worldwide is alarmingly deficient with only 19% of youth worldwide adhering to the World Health Organization guidelines. This is reflective of a global proliferation of a physical inactivity pandemic among youth. The negative consequences of physical inactivity on health are profound, as they threaten to persist into adulthood, exacerbating the burden of preventable health issues. There is persuasive evidence that vigorous PA generates physical fitness and health benefits surpassing those of low- or moderate-intensity activity in youth. In addition, indications show that the adherence rate to vigorous PA among youth exceeds that relative to for low- or moderate-intensity activity. As a result, promoting vigorous PA can help mitigate the global issue of low adherence to PA in youth. Therefore, in this Current Opinion paper, we argue that vigorous PA, compared to low or moderate-intensity activity, holds greater significance for youth's health and physical fitness. Additionally, the potential implications derived from the existing evidence regarding vigorous PA on the current guidelines for youth are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmi Chaabene
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Sport et de l'Education Physique du Kef, Le Kef, 7100, Tunisie.
| | | | - Lutz Schega
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Mateo-Orcajada A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R, Mota J, Abenza-Cano L. Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Fitness Variables in Adolescents After Periods of Mandatory, Promoted or Nonmandatory, Nonpromoted Use of Step Tracker Mobile Apps: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e51206. [PMID: 39079110 PMCID: PMC11322691 DOI: 10.2196/51206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not known whether an intervention made mandatory as a physical education (PE) class assignment and aimed at promoting physical activity (PA) in adolescents can create a healthy walking habit, which would allow further improvements to be achieved after the mandatory and promoted intervention has been completed. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to (1) investigate whether, after a period of using a step tracker mobile app made mandatory and promoted as a PE class assignment, adolescents continue to use it when its use is no longer mandatory and promoted; (2) determine whether there are changes in the PA level, body composition, and fitness of adolescents when the use of the app is mandatory and promoted and when it is neither mandatory nor promoted; and (3) analyze whether the covariates maturity status, gender, and specific app used can have an influence. METHODS A total of 357 students in compulsory secondary education (age: mean 13.92, SD 1.91 y) participated in the study. A randomized controlled trial was conducted consisting of 2 consecutive 10-week interventions. Participants' PA level, body composition, and fitness were measured at baseline (T1), after 10 weeks of mandatory and promoted app use (T2), and after 10 weeks of nonmandatory and nonpromoted app use (T3). Each participant in the experimental group (EG) used 1 of 4 selected step tracker mobile apps after school hours. RESULTS The results showed that when the use of the apps was neither mandatory nor promoted as a PE class assignment, only a few adolescents (18/216, 8.3%) continued the walking practice. After the mandatory and promoted intervention period (T1 vs T2), a decrease in the sum of 3 skinfolds (mean difference [MD] 1.679; P=.02) as well as improvements in the PA level (MD -0.170; P<.001), maximal oxygen uptake (MD -1.006; P<.001), countermovement jump test (MD -1.337; P=.04), curl-up test (MD -3.791; P<.001), and push-up test (MD -1.920; P<.001) in the EG were recorded. However, the changes between T1 and T2 were significantly greater in the EG than in the control group only in the PA level and curl-up test. Thus, when comparing the measurements taken between T1 and T3, no significant changes in body composition (P=.07) or fitness (P=.84) were observed between the EG and the control group. The covariates maturity status, gender, and specific app used showed a significant effect in most of the analyses performed. CONCLUSIONS A period of mandatory and promoted use of step tracker mobile apps benefited the variables of body composition and fitness in adolescents but did not create a healthy walking habit in this population; therefore, when the use of these apps ceased to be mandatory and promoted, the effects obtained disappeared. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06164041; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06164041.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge Mota
- Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade de Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Dakin M, Manneville F, Langlois J, Briançon S, Lecomte E, Spitz E, Legrand K, Böhme P, Guillemin F, Omorou A. Role of dietary intake and physical activity in reducing weight social inequalities among adolescents: an application of G-formula to PRALIMAP-INÈS trial. Br J Nutr 2024; 132:182-191. [PMID: 38800976 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Interventions aiming to reduce social inequalities of weight status in adolescents usually focus on lifestyle behaviours, but their effectiveness is limited. This study analysed the effect of achieving levels of dietary intake (DI) and/or physical activity (PA) guidelines on reducing social inequalities in weight status among adolescents. We included adolescents from the PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique - INÉgalité de Santé (PRALIMAP-INÈS) trial with weight status data available at baseline and 1-year follow-up (n 1130). PA and DI were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a validated FFQ, respectively. We estimated the likelihood of a 1-year reduction in BMI z-score (BMIz) and population risk difference (PRD) under hypothetical DI and PA levels and socio-economic status using the parametric G-formula. When advantaged and less advantaged adolescents maintained their baseline DI and PA, we found social inequalities in weight status, with a PRD of a 1-year reduction in BMIz of -1·6 % (-3·0 %, -0·5 %). These inequalities were not observed when less advantaged adolescents increased their proportion of achieving DI guidelines by 30 % (PRD = 2·2 % (-0·5 %, 5·0 %)) unlike the same increase in PA (PRD = -3·9 % (-6·8 %, -1·3 %)). Finally, social inequalities of weight status were not observed when levels of achievement of both PA and DI guidelines increased by 30 % (PRD = 2·2 % (-0·5 %, 4·0 %)). Enhancing DI rather than PA could be effective in reducing social inequalities in weight status among adolescents. Future interventions aiming to reduce these inequalities should mostly target DI to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dakin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Florian Manneville
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Johanne Langlois
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Institut scientifique et technique de la nutrition et de l'alimentation (Cnam-ISTNA), Nancy, France
| | - Serge Briançon
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Edith Lecomte
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Institut scientifique et technique de la nutrition et de l'alimentation (Cnam-ISTNA), Nancy, France
| | - Elisabeth Spitz
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Karine Legrand
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Philip Böhme
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Francis Guillemin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Abdou Omorou
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
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Qiu Q, Chai G, Xu M, Xiao J. Associations of physical activity and soybean product consumption with psychological symptoms: a cross-sectional survey of Chinese university students. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:162. [PMID: 39061095 PMCID: PMC11282836 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Declining physical activity among university students has become a concern, with increasingly poor dietary behaviors and other unfavorable factors having an impact on the occurrence of psychological symptoms. Previous studies have analyzed the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and psychological symptoms, but few studies have investigated the association between soy product consumption and these symptoms. In addition, the associations between physical activity and soy product consumption with psychological symptoms have not been investigated. METHODS In this study, 7267 university students from different regions of China were surveyed regarding physical activity, soy product consumption, and psychological symptoms. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the associations among MVPA, soy product consumption, and psychological symptoms. A generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to further analyze the associations of MVPA and soy product consumption with psychological symptoms in this population. RESULTS The detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese university students was 17.9%, with the rate among female students (18.9%) higher than that among male students (16.6%). The proportion of university students with MVPA < 30 min/d, 30-60 min/d, and > 60 min/d was 76.1%, 19.3%, and 4.6%, respectively, and the proportion with soy product consumption ≤ 2 times/wk, 3-5 times/wk, and ≥ 5 times/wk was 25.8%, 42.4%, and 31.7%, respectively. The GLM showed that compared with university students who had MVPA < 30 min/d and soy product consumption ≤ 2 times/week, those with the lowest risk of developing psychological symptoms had MVPA > 60 min/d and soy product consumption ≥ 6 times/week (OR = 0.198, 95% CI: 0.100-0.393, P < 0.001). This group was followed by university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and soy product consumption 3-5 times/week (OR = 0.221, 95% CI: 0.102-0.479, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In terms of research, there is an association between physical activity and soy product consumption and psychological symptoms among university students. The results of our study suggest that integrated intervention for psychological symptoms among university students is needed from the perspectives of physical activity and dietary behavior to promote good mental health in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qiu
- School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Guangxin Chai
- School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330038, P. R. China.
| | - Mengjie Xu
- School of Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, 330038, P. R. China
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Crichton M, Vu J, Fenesi B. Physical Activity Participation among Children and Youth with Mental Health Symptoms: Clinician Perspectives. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:880. [PMID: 39062329 PMCID: PMC11276529 DOI: 10.3390/children11070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Physical activity supports mental health and well-being in children and youth. However, there are significant barriers to physical activity participation among individuals impacted by mental health disorders. This study investigates these barriers through the perspective of mental health clinicians who support children and youth. METHODS Fourteen mental health clinicians, including registered professional psychologists, psychotherapists, and social workers, were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Qualitative content analysis was performed to identify key themes, including both barriers and facilitators to physical activity. RESULTS Content analysis revealed that clinicians perceive both internal and external barriers and facilitators to their clients' participation in physical activity. Barriers included intrapersonal factors, such as the presence of depression, anxiety, or eating disorder symptoms; lack of motivation; and negative self-talk, as well as factors related to the influence of caregivers, financial limitations, screen time use, environmental and cultural factors, and lack of time. Facilitators included enjoyment of physical activity, knowledge about the benefits of physical activity, and caregiver participation. CONCLUSIONS Mental health clinicians demonstrated clear knowledge about the barriers to and facilitators of their clients' participation in physical activity. These findings provide valuable insights that can be used to support children and youth experiencing mental health difficulty to access the beneficial effects of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara Fenesi
- Faculty of Education, Western University, London, ON N6G 1G7, Canada; (M.C.); (J.V.)
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Olsen HW, Sjúrðarson T, Danielsen BB, Krustrup P, Larsen MN, Skoradal MB, Mohr M. A 10-week implementation of the FIT FIRST FOR ALL school-based physical activity concept effectively improves cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in 7-16-year-old schoolchildren. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1419824. [PMID: 39086810 PMCID: PMC11288947 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1419824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of the FIT FIRST FOR ALL school-based physical activity program on health-related physical fitness in Faroese schoolchildren. The program aimed to add three weekly sessions of organized high-intensity physical activity to the standard weekly physical education sessions for all pupils across the entire school. Methods A non-randomized controlled design was used to evaluate the effects of the program. Two schools participated, including one intervention school (INT; n =179) and one control school (CON; n =181), with pupils aged 7-16 years (grades 1-9). The FIT FIRST FOR ALL program consisted of three weekly 40-minute sessions of age-adjusted high-intensity physical activity over 10 weeks for the INT school, while the CON school continued their normal school program. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included cardiorespiratory fitness (Yo-Yo IR1C test), agility (Arrowhead Agility test), postural balance (Stork Stand), standing long jump performance, body composition, blood pressure, and resting heart rate. Results A significant time × group effect (p < 0.001) was observed for cardiorespiratory fitness, which increased by 31% [23;39] in INT (p < 0.001) and remained unaltered in CON (7% [-2;16], p = 0.13). In addition, a time × group effect (p < 0.001) was observed for agility, which improved by 2.1% [1.0;3.2] in INT (p < 0.001) and regressed by 3.3% [2.3;4.4] in CON (p < 0.001). No significant between-group effects were found for standing long jump and balance. A time × group effect (p < 0.001) was observed for changes in total muscle mass, which increased by 1.4 kg [1.2;1.5] in INT (p < 0.001) and by 0.4 kg [0.3;0.6] in CON (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a time × group effect (p < 0.001) was observed for total fat percentage, which decreased by -2.3% [-2.8;-1.9] in INT (p < 0.001) and remained unchanged in CON (-0.3% [-0.7;0.1], p = 0.16). No significant time × group effects were found for blood pressure and resting heart rate. Discussion The FIT FIRST FOR ALL program significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and agility, and it led to favorable changes in body composition in the intervention school. These findings suggest that the program is highly effective in enhancing physical fitness and health status across all investigated age groups when implemented at a school-wide level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helgi Winther Olsen
- Faculty of Education, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Tórur Sjúrðarson
- Center of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | | | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - May-Britt Skoradal
- Center of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Magni Mohr
- Center of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Wiklund E, Vikman J, Wiklund M, Hedenborg S. Facilitators and barriers in interprofessional collaboration around physical activity on prescription-a focus group study in a Swedish school setting. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1431786. [PMID: 39086852 PMCID: PMC11288834 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1431786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In Swedish school health services, local initiatives have been taken to use physical activity on prescription (PAP) to encourage physically inactive children to become more active. Previous research shows that interprofessional collaboration plays a crucial role in promoting physical activity in children, as well as in promoting health in schools. However, there is a lack of knowledge about PAP for children in the school setting, including how medical and educational staff can work together to encourage children who have been recommended PAP. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perceived facilitators and barriers concerning interprofessional collaboration regarding physical activity on prescription in the school setting, as viewed from the professionals' perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 professionals who work with the method in school settings. The data were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. The results reveal both barriers and facilitators for interprofessional collaboration on PAP in the school setting, as perceived by professionals. Organizational and structural obstacles within school institutions hinder collaboration, while a shared commitment to PAP, characterized by consensus-building, acts as a facilitating factor. PAP for children in a school setting is still an unexplored area and further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Wiklund
- Department of Sports Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jenny Vikman
- Department of Sports Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Wiklund
- Physiotherapy Unit, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Wiklund E, Wiklund M, Vikman J, Hedenborg S. "A constant battle against sedentary lifestyle and screen time": Swedish school nurses' views on school children's physical activity and its promotion - a grounded theory study. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1393336. [PMID: 39081836 PMCID: PMC11286401 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1393336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
School nurses are in a key position to promote children's physical activity. They engage all children in health dialogues and use different approaches to inform children about physical activity and motivate them to change their physical activity level. In a school context, it is important to explore and problematize school nurses' views of children's physical activity and the influence of these views on their professional practice in the school health service. Identifying and problematizing school nurses' views of physical activity would enable them to create improved guidelines and equivalent ways of working in the future. Therefore, this study aims to discursively explore Swedish school nurses' views on school children's physical activity and its promotion and elucidate them through a discursive framework based on sensitizing concepts. This study uses a qualitative research design with a constructivist grounded theory approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 school nurses. The analysis resulted in a core category describing how school nurses use intertwined views to lead children from sedentarity to physical activity. Furthermore, the school nurses' practices were identified in three categories: fostering everyday movement as a tool for health, battling children's sedentarity under difficult conditions, and promoting everyday movement and compensating for unequal access. The results indicate that school nurses lack common and clear guidelines for their mission to promote physical activity to children, which may lead to inequality in access to physical activity for children and young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Wiklund
- Department of Sports Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Wiklund
- Physiotherapy Unit, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Vikman
- Department of Sports Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Deng GF, Wen Y, Cheng J, Huang B, Liu N. Analysis of the associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and screen time on psychological symptoms among university students: a cross-sectional survey based on six geographic regions in China. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:504. [PMID: 39014405 PMCID: PMC11250946 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declining physical activity and increasing screen time (ST) among Chinese adolescents have become major concerns shared by scholars, while mental health issues are also on the rise. Previous studies have confirmed the association between physical activity and screen time and psychological symptoms, but it is unclear how their psychological symptoms, especially for Chinese university students who have a high proportion of psychological symptoms, and no research evidence has been found. METHODS This study investigated physical activity, screen time, and psychological symptoms in 11,173 university students aged 19-22 years in six regions of China. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and screen time and psychological symptoms. And the generalize linear model (GLM) analysis was used to further analyze the association between MVPA and screen time and psychological symptoms. RESULTS The detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese university students was 16.3%, with a higher percentage of female students (17.5%) than male students (14.7%). The proportion of male students (8.2%) with MVPA > 60 min/d was higher than that of female students (2.3%), and the proportion of male students (33.8%) and female students (34.5%) with screen time > 2 h/d was basically the same. The generalize linear model (GLM) analysis showed that university students with MVPA < 30 min/d and screen time > 2 h/d (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10-2.31) had the highest risk of psychological symptoms (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10-2.31) compared to university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and screen time < 1 h/d as the reference group. The risk of psychological symptoms was the highest among those with MVPA < 30 min/d and screen time > 2 h/d (OR = 1.59,95% CI: 1.10-2.31). In addition, university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and a screen time of 1-2 h/d (OR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03-0.25) had the lowest risk of psychological symptoms (P < 0.001). The same trend was observed for both male and female students. CONCLUSION Chinese university students have a certain proportion of psychological symptom problems, and there is a significant between MVPA and screen time and psychological symptoms, and the same trend exists for both male and female students. Chinese university students should perform MVPA for not less than 60 min a day, and at the same time control the duration of screen time, and screen time should be controlled between 1 and 2 h a day, which has a better promotion effect on psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Deng
- School of Physical Education, Nanchang Institute of science & technology, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Yuan Wen
- School of Physical Education, Nanchang Institute of science & technology, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Physical Education, Nanchang Institute of science & technology, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, China
- Sports Health and Industrial Development Research Center, Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Jiangxi Province, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Ningling Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, China.
- Sports Health and Industrial Development Research Center, Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Jiangxi Province, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, China.
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Watkins JM, Goss JM, Major MG, Kwaiser MM, Medellin AM, Hobson JM, Martinez Kercher VM, Kercher KA. Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:913. [PMID: 39063489 PMCID: PMC11276868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This study examines how the 8-week Hoosier Sport program impacts cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks by promoting physical activity (PA) among rural, low-income children. Using a human-centered participatory co-design approach, the program aimed to increase PA levels (e.g., total PA, daily steps) in at-risk children. The present study explored the feasibility of the intervention as well as physiological and psychological changes across the intervention using a hybrid type 2 design (a model that evaluates both the effectiveness of an intervention and its implementation in real-world settings). Favorable feasibility indicators like attendance, acceptability, and compliance, with a 23.3% recruitment rate and 94.3% retention rate, were observed. Moreover, participants attended over 80% of sessions across the 8 weeks. Accelerometers (AX3) tracked daily steps and total PA for 7 days before and after the intervention, revealing increased PA levels throughout. At post-intervention, notable improvements were observed in psychological factors such as autonomy, social competence, and global self-worth. This study highlights the importance of tailored PA interventions in schools, emphasizing their potential to improve PA levels among rural, low-income children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette M. Watkins
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.M.W.); (J.M.G.); (M.M.K.)
- Program in Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Janelle M. Goss
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.M.W.); (J.M.G.); (M.M.K.)
| | - McKenna G. Major
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA;
| | - Megan M. Kwaiser
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.M.W.); (J.M.G.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Andrew M. Medellin
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA;
| | | | - Vanessa M. Martinez Kercher
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA;
| | - Kyle A. Kercher
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.M.W.); (J.M.G.); (M.M.K.)
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Iorfino F, Varidel M, Capon W, Richards M, Crouse JJ, LaMonica HM, Park SH, Piper S, Song YJC, Gorban C, Scott EM, Hickie IB. Quantifying the interrelationships between physical, social, and cognitive-emotional components of mental fitness using digital technology. NPJ MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 3:36. [PMID: 38977903 PMCID: PMC11231280 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mental fitness is a construct that goes beyond a simple focus on subjective emotional wellbeing to encompass more broadly our ability to think, feel, and act to achieve what we want in our daily lives. The measurement and monitoring of multiple (often interacting) domains is crucial to gain a holistic and complete insight into an individual's mental fitness. We aimed to demonstrate the capability of a new mobile app to characterise the mental fitness of a general population of Australians and to quantify the interrelationships among different domains of mental fitness. Cross-sectional data were collected from 4901 adults from the general population of Australians engaged in work or education who used a mobile app (Innowell) between September 2021 and November 2022. Individuals completed a baseline questionnaire comprised of 26 questions across seven domains of mental fitness (i.e., physical activity, sleep and circadian rhythms, nutrition, substance use, daily activities, social connection, psychological distress). Network analysis was applied at both a domain-level (e.g., 7 nodes representing each cluster of items) and an individual item-level (i.e., 26 nodes representing all questionnaire items). Only 612 people (12%) were functioning well across all domains. One quarter (n = 1204, 25%) had only one problem domain and most (n = 3085, 63%) had multiple problem domains. The two most problematic domains were physical activity (n = 2631, 54%) and social connection (n = 2151, 44%), followed closely by daily activity (n = 1914, 39%). At the domain-level, the strongest association emerged between psychological distress and daily activity (r = 0.301). Psychological distress was the most central node in the network (as measured by strength and expected influence), followed closely by daily activity, sleep and circadian rhythms and then social connection. The item-level network revealed that the nodes with the highest centrality in the network were: hopelessness, depression, functional impairment, effortfulness, subjective energy, worthlessness, and social connectedness. Social connection, sleep and circadian rhythms, and daily activities may be critical targets for intervention due to their widespread associations in the overall network. While psychological distress was not among the most common problems, its centrality may indicate its importance for indicated prevention and early intervention. We showcase the capability of a new mobile app to monitor mental fitness and identify the interrelationships among multiple domains, which may help people develop more personalised insights and approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Iorfino
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Mathew Varidel
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - William Capon
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Richards
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jacob J Crouse
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Haley M LaMonica
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shin Ho Park
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Piper
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Carla Gorban
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Roman-Viñas B, Vasileva F, Font-Lladó R, Aznar-Laín S, Jiménez-Zazo F, Lopez-Bermejo A, López-Ros V, Prats-Puig A. Lifestyle as a Modulator of the Effects on Fitness of an Integrated Neuromuscular Training in Primary Education. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:117. [PMID: 39051278 PMCID: PMC11270438 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate changes in fitness after an integrated neuromuscular training (INT) intervention in primary school children and to evaluate how lifestyle behaviors and parental education modulate these changes. One hundred and seventy children (7.45 ± 0.34 years; 52% girls) were included. Cardiorespiratory fitness (half-mile run test), a 10 × 5 m shuttle run test, standing broad jump (SBJ), handgrip dynamometer, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass percentage (FM%) were assessed before and after the 3-month intervention (20 min of INT in the physical education class, twice per week). The Mediterranean diet (MD), sleep time and parental education level (PEL) were evaluated by questionnaires, and adherence to physical activity (PA) recommendations was measured with a triaxial accelerometer before the intervention. After the intervention, there were improvements in the 10 × 5 test and the SBJ. Only girls had improvements in the handgrip test, BMI SDS and FM%. After correcting for confounding variables, only BMI was significantly improved whereas strength improved in the participants non-compliant with the PA recommendations or pertaining to families of high PEL. The INT produced improvements in fitness in a brief period and in different subgroups of pupils (inactive and with diverse sociocultural environments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Roman-Viñas
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain; (F.V.); (R.F.-L.); (V.L.-R.); (A.P.-P.)
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidanka Vasileva
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain; (F.V.); (R.F.-L.); (V.L.-R.); (A.P.-P.)
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Raquel Font-Lladó
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain; (F.V.); (R.F.-L.); (V.L.-R.); (A.P.-P.)
- Specific Didactics Department (Serra Húnter Fellow), University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Chair of Sports and Physical Education & Spanish Olimpic Committee, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Susana Aznar-Laín
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (S.A.-L.); (F.J.-Z.)
| | - Fabio Jiménez-Zazo
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (S.A.-L.); (F.J.-Z.)
| | - Abel Lopez-Bermejo
- Pediatric Endocrinology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute, 17190 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Victor López-Ros
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain; (F.V.); (R.F.-L.); (V.L.-R.); (A.P.-P.)
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Prats-Puig
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain; (F.V.); (R.F.-L.); (V.L.-R.); (A.P.-P.)
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
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Lucibello KM, Zhang Q, Leatherdale ST, Patte KA. Changing eating to manage weight or shape: A cross-sectional and prospective study of the prevalence and correlates in a large Canadian adolescent cohort. Prev Med 2024; 184:107987. [PMID: 38714274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape over one year among adolescents. It also tested how changing eating for weight/shape was associated with physical activity (resistance training, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MVPA) and mental health (depressive symptoms, flourishing), and whether weight perceptions moderated these associations. METHODS Participants were Canadian adolescents (N = 20,614, Mage ± SD = 14.4 ± 1.3, 52.9% girls) who completed self-report surveys in the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 waves of the COMPASS study. Separate multilevel models were tested for each outcome. RESULTS Approximately 30% of adolescents reported changing their eating to manage weight/shape at least once a week. More days of changing eating were associated with significantly higher depressive symptoms and lower flourishing cross-sectionally (b = 0.51, b = -0.27) and over time (b = 0.35, -0.20); the flourishing association over time was weaker for adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight relative to about right. More days of changing eating were also associated with more MVPA and resistance training cross-sectionally (b = 2.81, b = 0.19) and over time (b = 1.28, b = 10). The relationship between changing eating and MVPA over time was stronger for adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight relative to about right; whereas the cross-sectional relationship between changing eating and resistance training was weaker. CONCLUSIONS Reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape were associated with divergent health outcomes; research into how and to what extreme adolescents are changing eating to manage weight/shape, and identity factors that may contribute to these differences, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Lucibello
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen A Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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48
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Ge X, Zhang E, Liu Y, Li H, Hu F, Chen J, Wang Y, Cai Y, Xiang M. Factors associated with out-of-school physical activity among Chinese children and adolescents: A stratified cross-sectional study. Prev Med 2024; 184:107985. [PMID: 38705485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This observational study examined the factors associated with the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents outside of school within the framework of Problem Behavior Theory (PBT). METHODS This cross-sectional study obtained data from 6528 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years recruited from ten schools in Shanghai, China. The questionnaire measured out-of-school PA and PBT-based correlates. A series of multiple linear regressions were used to explore the factors influencing children and adolescents' out-of-school PA separately. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the association between the three systems of PBT and out-of-school PA. RESULTS Higher intrinsic motivation is positively associated with increased PA for children (b = 1.038, 95%CI: 0.897-1.180) and adolescents (b = 1.207, 95%CI: 0.890-1.524). Greater frequency of parental involvement in PA correlates with elevated PA for both children (b = 2.859, 95%CI: 2.147-3.572) and adolescents (b = 2.147, 95%CI: 0.311-3.983). In children, increased use of community exercise areas or facilities (b = 1.705, 95%CI: 0.234-3.176) and higher recreational screen time (b = 9.732, 95%CI: 5.614-13.850) are associated with higher PA. The SEM showed that factors of the personality system had a significant direct effect on out-of-school PA among children and adolescents, and factors of the behavior system also had a significant effect on children. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the personality system, particularly intrinsic motivation, is important in promoting out-of-school PA in children and adolescents. For children, modifiable health behaviors in the behavior system can similarly influence PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ge
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya 572022, China; Public Health department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Road, No.1111, Shanghai 200336, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Erliang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huilun Li
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya 572022, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fan Hu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianchang Chen
- Shanghai Educational Center Of Science & Art, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - YiRan Wang
- Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Public Health department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Road, No.1111, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Mi Xiang
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya 572022, China; Public Health department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Road, No.1111, Shanghai 200336, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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49
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Garbeloto F, Maia J, Barreira TV, Hedeker D, Chaput JP, Garganta R, Farias C, Santos R, Stodden DF, Tani G, Katzmarzyk PT, Pereira S. Is there an association between proficiency in fundamental movement skills and mderate-to-vigorous physical activity in childhood on weekdays and weekends? The REACT project. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24085. [PMID: 38622994 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study probes into the association between children's fundamental movement skills (FMS) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during weekdays and weekends. METHODS This cross-sectional sample included 1014 children aged 6-10 years from the REACT project. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometry, and five FMS (stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhand throw, and underhand roll) were assessed with the digital platform Meu Educativo®. Three groups were formed based on the frequency of FMS that each child mastered: group 1 (wizard level in four or five FMS); group 2 (wizard level in two or three FMS); and group 3 (wizard level in at most one skill). Multilevel models were used to analyze the data treating children (level-1) nested within schools (level-2). RESULTS Compared to group 1, groups 2 (-12.9 ± 2.3 min day-1) and 3 (-23.9 ± 2.4 min day-1) were less physically active during weekdays and weekends (group 2: -14.7 ± 2.7 min day-1 and group 3: -22.4 ± 2.9 min day-1), independent of age and sex. There was a decline in MVPA during the weekend. Further, on average, boys were more active than girls, and with increasing age, children were less active. CONCLUSION On average, children with higher FMS levels are generally more physically active than their peers with lower FMS levels. Even though MVPA tends to decline on weekends, FMS proficiency is a significant factor in maintaining 60 min of MVPA on weekends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Garbeloto
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Maia
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago V Barreira
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Garganta
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education & Athletic Training, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Go Tani
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Pereira
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
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50
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LeCroy MN, Evenson KR, Perreira KM, Van Horn L, Xue X, Gallo LC, Daviglus ML, Isasi CR. Correlations in Siblings' Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Results from the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. Child Obes 2024; 20:301-308. [PMID: 37594772 PMCID: PMC11302207 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Family is an important determinant of youth's health behaviors, yet research on the importance of intragenerational relationships for determining physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SBs) is limited. This study examined correlations in siblings' total PA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and SB and explored potential determinants of differences in Hispanic/Latino siblings' activity. Methods: Hispanic/Latino 8-16-year olds from the cross-sectional Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth with ≥1 sibling enrolled were examined (n = 535). Activity was assessed using the Actical accelerometer. Linear mixed models were used with total PA, MVPA, or SB as the outcome; correlations among siblings' PA and SB were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: ICCs for siblings' total PA, MVPA, and SB were 0.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.36), 0.29 (0.21-0.38), and 0.42 (0.34-0.51), respectively. There were no differences in correlations between siblings who were all brothers compared to all sisters. However, compared to siblings of differing sexes, siblings who were all brothers had the strongest correlations in total PA (0.61 [0.46-0.76]) and MVPA (0.64 [0.49-0.78]), and siblings who were all sisters had the weakest correlations in SB (0.14 [-0.10 to 0.37]). Correlations did not differ according to age, and social and environmental measures did not explain differences in siblings' PA or SB. Conclusions: Correlations in Hispanic/Latino siblings' PA and SB ranged from slight to fair, with siblings who were all brothers generally having the strongest correlations. Future research should examine determinants of sex-specific differences in siblings' PA and SB correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison N. LeCroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kelly R. Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, CA, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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