1
|
Mangla A, Goswami P, Sharma B, Suramya S, Jindal G, Javed M, Saifi MA, Parvez S, Nag TC, Raisuddin S. Obesity aggravates neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative effects of bisphenol A in female rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:781-794. [PMID: 38699799 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2349538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a common plasticizer, is categorized as a neurotoxic compound. Its impact on individuals exhibits sex-linked variations. Several biological and environmental factors impact the degree of toxicity. Moreover, nutritional factors have profound influence on toxicity outcome. BPA has been demonstrated to be an obesogen. However, research on the potential role of obesity as a confounding factor in BPA toxicity is lacking. We studied the neurodegenerative effects in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese female rats after exposure to BPA (10 mg/L via drinking water for 90 days). Four groups were taken in this study - Control, HFD, HFD + BPA and BPA. Cognitive function was evaluated through novel object recognition (NOR) test. Inflammatory changes in brain, and changes in hormonal level, lipid profile, glucose tolerance, oxidative stress, and antioxidants were also determined. HFD + BPA group rats showed a significant decline in memory function in NOR test. The cerebral cortex (CC) of the brain showed increased neurodegenerative changes as measured by microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) accompanied by histopathological confirmation. The increased level of neuroinflammation was demonstrated by microglial activation (Iba-1) and protein expression of nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-КB) in the brain. Obesity also caused significant (p < 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation accompanied by reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and decrease in reduced-glutathione (p < 0.05) when compared to non-obese rats with BPA treatment. Overall, study revealed that obesity serves as a risk factor in the toxicity of BPA which may exacerbate the progression of neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mangla
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Goswami
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhaskar Sharma
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Suramya Suramya
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Jindal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mehjbeen Javed
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Anas Saifi
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bani Salameh AK, El-Hneiti M, Al Omari OS, AlBashtawy M, Karavasileiadou S, Alabbasi Y, Bubshait KS, Malak MZ. Effect of a family-based lifestyle intervention on weight reduction among Jordanian children with obesity aged 6-9 years. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:9582. [PMID: 38863742 PMCID: PMC11165256 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.9582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a family-based lifestyle intervention on reducing body weight among Jordanian children with obesity aged 6-9 years old. The pretest-posttest control group design was conducted among 162 children (75 in the intervention group and 87 in the control group) with obesity aged 6-9 years old at four primary schools in Jordan during the period from March 2021 to July 2021. The results found that, after the intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the F scores in the control group vs. in the intervention group (M = 37.07, SD = 2.77; M = 33.48, SD = 2.73; t (160) = 8.29, P < 0.001), where the mean BMI percentile was reduced by 2.05 in the intervention group. A significant difference was demonstrated in the median BMI percentile in the intervention and control groups post-intervention (P < 0.001). A significant difference was also noticed between the average weekly reported dietary habits and the physical activities of both the control group and the intervention group post-intervention. The findings support the effect of family-based lifestyle interventions. Healthcare providers should adopt such interventions for children living with obesity. Future study is required to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this intervention on weight reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mamdouh El-Hneiti
- Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar S.H. Al Omari
- Pediatric Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohamed AlBashtawy
- Community Health Nursing, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-bayt University, Almafraq, Jordan
| | - Savvato Karavasileiadou
- Community, Psychiatric, Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, P.O Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmine Alabbasi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O Box 84428, Riyadh 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khlood Saleh Bubshait
- Fundamental of Nursing Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malakeh Z. Malak
- Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Delaney T, Jackson J, Lecathelinais C, Clinton-McHarg T, Lamont H, Yoong SL, Wolfenden L, Sutherland R, Wyse R. Long-Term Effectiveness of a Multi-Strategy Choice Architecture Intervention in Increasing Healthy Food Choices of High-School Students From Online Canteens (Click & Crunch High Schools): Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e51108. [PMID: 38502177 PMCID: PMC10988364 DOI: 10.2196/51108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School canteens are a recommended setting to influence adolescent nutrition due to their scope to improve student food choices. Online lunch ordering systems ("online canteens") are increasingly used and represent attractive infrastructure to implement choice architecture interventions that nudge users toward healthier food choices. A recent cluster randomized controlled trial demonstrated the short-term effectiveness (2-month follow-up) of a choice architecture intervention to increase the healthiness of foods purchased by high school students from online canteens. However, there is little evidence regarding the long-term effectiveness of choice architecture interventions targeting adolescent food purchases, particularly those delivered online. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the long-term effectiveness of a multi-strategy choice architecture intervention embedded within online canteen infrastructure in high schools at a 15-month follow-up. METHODS A cluster randomized controlled trial was undertaken with 1331 students (from 9 high schools) in New South Wales, Australia. Schools were randomized to receive the automated choice architecture intervention (including menu labeling, positioning, feedback, and prompting strategies) or the control (standard online ordering). The foods purchased were classified according to the New South Wales Healthy Canteen strategy as either "everyday," "occasional," or "should not be sold." Primary outcomes were the average proportion of "everyday," "occasional," and "should not be sold" items purchased per student. Secondary outcomes were the mean energy, saturated fat, sugar, and sodium content of purchases. Outcomes were assessed using routine data collected by the online canteen. RESULTS From baseline to 15-month follow-up, on average, students in the intervention group ordered significantly more "everyday" items (+11.5%, 95% CI 7.3% to 15.6%; P<.001), and significantly fewer "occasional" (-5.4%, 95% CI -9.4% to -1.5%; P=.007) and "should not be sold" items (-6%, 95% CI -9.1% to -2.9%; P<.001), relative to controls. There were no between-group differences over time in the mean energy, saturated fat, sugar, or sodium content of lunch orders. CONCLUSIONS Given their longer-term effectiveness, choice architecture interventions delivered via online canteens may represent a promising option for policy makers to support healthy eating among high school students. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian Clinical Trials ACTRN12620001338954, https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380546 ; Open Science Framework osf.io/h8zfr, https://osf.io/h8zfr/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Delaney
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Jacklyn Jackson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Christophe Lecathelinais
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Tara Clinton-McHarg
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hannah Lamont
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Sze Lin Yoong
- Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Rachel Sutherland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Rebecca Wyse
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
TROMBETTA CLAUDIAMARIA, MARCONI DOMITILLA, LIPARI DARIO, PAMMOLLI ANDREA, ZAGRA LUIGI, MANINI ILARIA, MEONI VERONICA, SIMI RITA, GALEOTTI TOMMASO, LAZZERI GIACOMO. There is a correlation between nutritional status, Self-Rated Health and Life Satisfaction? Evidence from 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross sectional study in a sample of Italian adolescents living in Tuscany Region. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2024; 65:E43-E49. [PMID: 38706769 PMCID: PMC11066822 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2024.65.1.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Overweight has been associated with several social and phycological problems and is perceived as one of the major health care challenges to focus on in the future. The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlations among nutritional status, assessed by the Body Mass Index, the perception of one's own health status and Life Satisfaction, detected in Italian adolescents living in Tuscany Region, and to investigate the influence of gender on them. Methods A statistically representative sample of 2760 Tuscan adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 was involved in the 2018 Health Behaviours at School-aged Children survey. The participants were divided into three nutritional status class: underweight, normal weight and overweight (overweight + obese). Results The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in all categories between boys and girls aged 13 and 15 years; in girls aged 11 and 13 years, the Life Satisfaction of the overweight group is statistically lower than that of normal and underweight groups; Self-Rated Health is statistically lower in all age groups for overweight individuals compared to normal weight children, except for 11-year-old females. Conclusions Viewing the psychosocial problems related to overweight, more attention and care must be placed on adolescents to ensure their healthier development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CLAUDIA MARIA TROMBETTA
- Correspondence: Claudia Maria Trombetta, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy. E-mail:
| | - DOMITILLA MARCONI
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - DARIO LIPARI
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - ANDREA PAMMOLLI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Research Center on Health Prevention and Promotion (CREPS), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - LUIGI ZAGRA
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - RITA SIMI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Research Center on Health Prevention and Promotion (CREPS), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - TOMMASO GALEOTTI
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yassıbaş E, Bölükbaşı H, Turan İE, Demirel AM, Gürler E. Hedonic hunger, food addiction, and night eating syndrome triangle in adolescents and ıts relationship with body mass ındex. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:25. [PMID: 38336784 PMCID: PMC10854182 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-00980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between adolescent obesity and eating disorders is an issue that needs urgent attention. Screening for eating disorders is as important as dietary interventions to treat obesity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hedonic hunger, food addiction, and night eating syndrome, which are considered potential risk factors for obesity, and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents. METHODS The data were collected through an online questionnaire. The "Power of Food Scale (PFS)" was used to assess hedonic hunger; the "Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0 (dYFAS-C 2.0)" was used to assess food addiction; and the "Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ)" was used to assess night eating syndrome (NES)". BMI was calculated using self-reported height and weight values of adolescents. The mediated structural model analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of hedonic hunger on BMI z score via food addiction and NES. RESULTS The study was conducted with 614 voluntary adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years. The dYFAS-C 2.0 and NEQ scores were found to be higher in adolescents with overweight and obesity, and the BMI z-score of the adolescents had significant positive correlation with their PFS scores (p < .001). Hedonic hunger has no direct effect on BMI independent of food addiction and NES (β = - 0.051, p = .468), but when the total indirect effect is evaluated with the bootstrap analysis, it was found that one-unit increase in hedonic hunger score increases BMI z-score by approximately 0.22 units (β = 0.223, SE = 0.046, 95% CI 0.131-0.313). Hedonic hunger, food addiction, and NES together explained 5.2% of the total variance in BMI z score. CONCLUSION This study showed that hedonic hunger significantly predicted BMI z-score in adolescents through food addiction and NES. This emphasizes the critical importance of evaluating adolescents in terms of hedonic hunger, food addiction, and NES in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Yassıbaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Bölükbaşı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İrem Efran Turan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Mine Demirel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eray Gürler
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Devlin EA, Newcomb ME, Whitton S. Demographic and Minority Stress Risk Factors for Obesity Among Sexual Minority Youth Assigned Female at Birth. LGBT Health 2024; 11:103-110. [PMID: 37819720 PMCID: PMC10924190 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sexual minority youth (adolescents and young adults) assigned female at birth (SM-AFAB) are at disproportionate risk of developing obesity compared with heterosexual cisgender youth AFAB. Grounded in minority stress theory, this study aimed to identify potential risk factors for obesity among SM-AFAB youth to inform the development of prevention and intervention efforts for this high-risk population. Methods: Data were collected in 2017 from 367 SM-AFAB youth (ages 16-20 years). Multinominal logistic regression was used to assess cross-sectional associations of race/ethnicity, sexuality, gender identity, household income, and sexual minority (SM) stressors (internalized stigma, microaggressions, and victimization) with weight status (normal, overweight, and obese). Results: Roughly half (53.1%) of participants' body mass index were in the normal weight range, with 24.8% in the overweight range and 22.1% in the obese range. Rates of obesity in Black and Latinx participants were 3-4.5 times those of White participants. Bisexual, pansexual, and queer individuals were at greater risk for obesity than gay/lesbian participants; only bisexual participants were at higher risk for overweight. Participants with a household income <$20,000 and between $20,000 and $39,000 were at greater risk for obesity than participants with household income >$80,000. Microaggressions were positively associated with obesity. Conclusion: Findings highlight risk for obesity among SM-AFAB youth, particularly for those who identify as racial minority, as low income, as being attracted to more than one gender, and for those who experience high levels of anti-SM microaggressions. Targeted obesity prevention and treatment programs should consider the unique needs, challenges, and strengths of SM-AFAB youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Devlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E. Newcomb
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Whitton
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Robbins LB, Ling J, Pfeiffer KA, Kerver JM, Resnicow K, McCaffery H, Hilliard A, Hobbs L, Donald S, Kaciroti N. Intervention to increase physical activity and healthy eating among under-represented adolescents: GOAL trial protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080437. [PMID: 38171630 PMCID: PMC10773393 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To reduce obesity-related disparities, reaching economically disadvantaged and/or minority status adolescents to assist them in meeting physical activity (PA) and nutrition recommendations is important. To address the problem, a 16-week intervention called Guys/Girls Opt for Activities for Life (GOAL) was designed. The purpose of this randomised controlled trial is to evaluate any effect of the intervention, compared with a control condition, on improving: (1) adolescents' % body fat (primary outcome), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), diet quality and cardiorespiratory fitness from 0 to 4 months; (2) body mass index (BMI), overweight/obesity percentage and quality of life from 0 to 4 months and to 13 months; and (3) perceived social support, self-efficacy and motivation from 0 to 4 months with evaluation of any mediating effect on adolescent PA and diet quality. An exploratory aim is to evaluate any effect of the intervention, compared with the control, on improving parents'/guardians' home environment, MVPA and diet quality from 0 to 4 months; and BMI from 0 to 4 months and to 13 months. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Adolescents (fifth to eighth grade) in 14 schools located in underserved urban communities are randomly assigned to the intervention or usual school offerings. One parent per adolescent is enrolled (882 dyads total). Cohort 1 includes four schools (2022-2023). Cohorts 2 and 3 include 5 schools in 2023-2024 and 2024-2025, respectively. The 16-week intervention has three components: (1) after-school GOAL club for adolescents to engage in PA and healthy eating/cooking activities; (2) three parent-adolescent meetings to empower parents to assist adolescents; and (3) GOAL social networking website for parents to share how they helped their adolescent. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Michigan State University Biomedical Institutional Review Board provided ethical approval for the study. Findings will be shared via the trial registration database, peer-reviewed publications, conferences and community-oriented strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04213014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine B Robbins
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiying Ling
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jean M Kerver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kenneth Resnicow
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Harlan McCaffery
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aisha Hilliard
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Logan Hobbs
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sheldon Donald
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hills AP. Imagine a healthy lifestyle for all: Early years nutrition and physical activity to prevent obesity. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:1-5. [PMID: 36333540 PMCID: PMC10774118 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Makki J, Aljebeli S, Alobikan SAA, Altulaihi B. Depressive, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms Among Schoolgirls With Disordered Eating Behaviors. Cureus 2024; 16:e51562. [PMID: 38313977 PMCID: PMC10835646 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to assess the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress, and disordered eating behaviors among schoolgirls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The current study could provide insights into potential intervention strategies for addressing both aspects simultaneously, contributing to a more holistic approach in the field. Method Via simple sampling technique, the current quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study included 347 female adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years in public schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire comprised demographic information, items on body image satisfaction and perception, the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Results Among the participants, 32.6% scored at or above the cutoff point on the EAT-26, indicating a negative eating attitude. Additionally, multiple factors such as age, obesity, body image dissatisfaction, and peer pressure were correlated with disordered eating behaviors, with excessive exercise being the most reported weight control behaviors. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 58.5%, 73.2%, and 40.9%, respectively. Notably, anxiety was significantly associated with disordered eating behaviors. Conclusion In conclusion, disordered eating behaviors were reported by 32.6% of the participants, and symptoms of anxiety were significantly associated with these behaviors. Media consumption appeared to influence more than half of the participants in their weight loss attempts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joud Makki
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Shahad Aljebeli
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Bader Altulaihi
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Biadgilign S, Mgutshini T, Gebremichael B, Berhanu L, Cook C, Deribew A, Gebre B, Memiah P. Association between dietary Intake, eating behavior, and childhood obesity among children and adolescents in Ethiopia. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2023; 6:203-211. [PMID: 38618527 PMCID: PMC11009522 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The upsurge of overweight/obesity (OW/OB) among children and adolescents is as a result of complex interactions between lifestyle behaviours and socioeconomic factors. The objective of this study was to determine socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors, dietary intake and eating behaviours of children and adolescents in Ethiopia and their association with OW/OB. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 632 children and adolescents-parent dyads. To identify overweight/obese among children and adolescents, body mass index-for-age Z-scores by sex and age relative to WHO 2007 reference was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software. A multivariable logistic regression model fitted to determine the adjusted associations between the outcome and the predictors selected from the bivariate analyses. Data analysis was carried out using STATA V.15.0. Results The proportion of participants with low, medium and high dietary diversity scores was 7.28%, 22.5%, and 70.2%, respectively. Participants aged 13-18 years were less likely to be overweight or obese [adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.40; 95%CI: 0.26, 0.64] to those aged 5-12 years. Children in a family with the richest or highest socioeconomic status (SES) were more likely to be overweight or obese than those in families with the poorest or lowest status. Children and adolescents who consumed soft drinks (sugar-sweetened beverages) four or more times per week [aOR = 3.24; 95%CI: 1.13, 7.95] were more likely to be overweight or obese to those who did not consume soft drinks. Conclusions The study identified factors such as younger age (<12 years), high SES and consumption of soft drinks as key contributors to overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. Therefore, interventions targeting behavioural prevention and reduction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents should be cognizant of the above factors during implementation in order to achieve desired outcomes, further guided by exploratory qualitative studies to identify public perceptions and attitudes affecting dietary practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibhatu Biadgilign
- Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Bereket Gebremichael
- Pediatrics and Child Health, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lioul Berhanu
- Nutrition Unit, Save the Children International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Courtney Cook
- Department of Nursing, Fortis Institute - Pensacola, Pensacola, Florida, USA
| | - Amare Deribew
- School of Public Health, Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Nutrition International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Betemariam Gebre
- Public Health Unit, International Medical Corps, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Peter Memiah
- Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zakrzewski-Fruer JK, Thackray AE. Enhancing cardiometabolic health through physical activity and breakfast manipulations in children and adolescents: good for humans, good for the planet. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:272-285. [PMID: 36356640 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665122002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The human health benefits of cardiometabolic disease prevention can be accompanied by planetary co-benefits. Focusing efforts towards young people, including children and adolescents, is conducive to disease prevention. In the context of cardiometabolic disease prevention, this review paper critically summarises the available literature on the acute cardiometabolic responses to physical activity and breakfast manipulations among young people. Given the seriousness of global climate change, which will disproportionally affect our younger generations, this review paper offers new insights into the inherent interactions between child-adolescent behaviour and cardiometabolic health from an environmental sustainability perspective to aid climate change mitigation efforts, including exploring future research avenues. A growing evidence base suggests acute moderate- to high-intensity exercise bouts can attenuate postprandial plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol concentrations for up to 24-48 h in young people. Whether accumulating physical activity throughout the day with short, frequent bouts promotes cardiometabolic risk marker attenuations is unclear. Breakfast consumption may enhance free-living physical activity and reduce glycaemic responses to subsequent meals for a possible additive impact. If repeated habitually, attenuations in these cardiometabolic risk factors would be conducive to disease prevention, reducing the greenhouse gas emissions associated with disease diagnosis and treatment. To progress current understanding with high public health and planetary relevance, research among samples of 'at risk' young people that span cellular-level responses to ecologically valid settings and address human and planetary health co-benefits is needed. Indeed, certain physical activity opportunities, such as active travel to school, offer important direct co-benefits to humans and planetary health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Zakrzewski-Fruer
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stager LM, Morgan CH, Watson CS, Morriss S, Gower BA, Fobian AD. The Effects of COVID-19 Virtual Learning on Body Fat and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents with Overweight or Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1398. [PMID: 37628397 PMCID: PMC10453835 DOI: 10.3390/children10081398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 virtual learning reduced structural supports for adolescent physical activity and diet, threatening metabolic health, especially in teens with overweight or obesity (OWOB). (2) Methods: Adolescents (N = 14) with OWOB completed fasting blood draws (measuring insulin resistance, IR) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA, measuring total body fat percent, TBF%) pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19. Changes in TBF% and IR were calculated (1) pre-COVID-19 and (2) from pre-COVID-19 to during COVID-19. Age and body mass index (BMI) percentile-matched data assessed normative changes across similar, non-COVID-19 time periods. Paired t-tests compared TBF% change pre- to during COVID-19 with (1) TBF% change pre-COVID19 and (2) TBF% normative change. Two ANCOVAs compared IR change pre- to during COVID-19 with (1) IR change pre-COVID-19 controlling for BMI z-score and difference in time between assessments and (2) normative change in IR controlling for sex/race. (3) Results: The TBF% change pre-COVID-19 and the normative change were similar. The TBF% increased more (~six percentage points) during COVID-19 compared to normative change (p < 0.01). During COVID-19, IR increased more (~2.5 units) than change pre-COVID-19 (p = 0.03) and increased more (~3.5 units) than normative change (p = 0.01). (4) Conclusions: TBF% and IR increased exponentially during COVID-19 in teens with OWOB compared to pre-COVID-19 and normative changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Stager
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (L.M.S.)
| | - Casie H. Morgan
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (L.M.S.)
| | - Caroline S. Watson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (L.M.S.)
| | - Skylar Morriss
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (L.M.S.)
- Department of Social Work, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Barbara A. Gower
- Department of Nutrition, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aaron D. Fobian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hills AP, Norris SA, Byrne NM, Jayasinghe S, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Ismail LIC, Kurpad AV, Kuriyan R, Nyati LH, Santos IS, Costa CS, Wickramasinghe VP, Lucas MN, Slater C, Yameen A, Ariff S. Body composition from birth to 2 years. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023:10.1038/s41430-023-01322-7. [PMID: 37563231 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Providing all infants with the best start to life is a universal but challenging goal for the global community. Historically, the size and shape of infants, quantified by anthropometry and commencing with birthweight, has been the common yardstick for physical growth and development. Anthropometry has long been considered a proxy for nutritional status during infancy when, under ideal circumstances, changes in size and shape are most rapid. Developed from data collected in the Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS), WHO Child Growth Standards for healthy infants and children have been widely accepted and progressively adopted. In contrast, and somewhat surprisingly, much less is understood about the 'quality' of growth as reflected by body composition during infancy. Recent advances in body composition assessment, including the more widespread use of air displacement plethysmography (ADP) across the first months of life, have contributed to a progressive increase in our knowledge and understanding of growth and development. Along with stable isotope approaches, most commonly the deuterium dilution (DD) technique, the criterion measure of total body water (TBW), our ability to quantify lean and fat tissue using a two-compartment model, has been greatly enhanced. However, until now, global reference charts for the body composition of healthy infants have been lacking. This paper details some of the historical challenges associated with the assessment of body composition across the first two years of life, and references the logical next steps in growth assessments, including reference charts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane A Norris
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Leila I Cheikh Ismail
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ayesha Yameen
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zakrzewski-Fruer JK, Morari V, Champion RB, Bailey DP, Ferrandino LE, Jones RL. Acute Cardiometabolic and Exercise Responses to Breakfast Omission Versus Breakfast Consumption in Adolescent Girls: A Randomised Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3210. [PMID: 37513628 PMCID: PMC10386247 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Girls often begin to skip breakfast during adolescence. This study compared the acute effect of breakfast omission versus consumption on cardiometabolic risk markers and perceived appetite and mood during rest and/or exercise in adolescent girls classified as habitual breakfast consumers. Girls (aged 13.2 ± 0.7 years) completed two 5.5 h conditions in a randomised crossover design: breakfast omission (BO) and standardised breakfast consumption (BC). A standardised lunch was provided at 3 h. Incremental cycling exercise was performed at 5 h. Blood and expired gas samples were taken at regular intervals. Whilst pre-lunch plasma glucose, insulin, and Metabolic Load Index incremental area under the curve (IAUC) were significantly lower in BO versus BC, post-lunch differences were reversed and larger in magnitude. Peak plasma glucose and insulin were significantly higher in BO versus BC. Pre-lunch perceived fullness and hunger were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in BO versus BC. Perceived energy and concentration were lower, and tiredness was higher, in BO versus BC. Exercise peak fat oxidation and Fatmax were unaffected. The lower physical activity enjoyment in BO versus BC approached significance. To conclude, acutely omitting breakfast adversely affects cardiometabolic risk markers and exercise enjoyment among adolescent girls who habitually consume breakfast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Zakrzewski-Fruer
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Victoria Morari
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Rachael B Champion
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Daniel P Bailey
- Centre for Physical Activity in Health and Disease, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Louise E Ferrandino
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Rebecca L Jones
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
- Health Advancement Research Team (HART), School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hill D, Conner M, Bristow M, O'Connor DB. Daily stress and eating behaviors in adolescents and young adults: Investigating the role of cortisol reactivity and eating styles. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 153:106105. [PMID: 37028138 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Stress-related eating has been well documented in previous literature. However, there is limited research investigating the role of cortisol reactivity in daily stress-eating associations in samples of adolescents and young adults. 123 participants completed a baseline questionnaire and the Trier Social Stress Test in groups. Four saliva samples were taken at - 10, + 00, + 10 and + 40 min during the stress-induction task. Following this, participants completed an online daily diary each evening for 14 consecutive days to record daily stress and between-meal snack consumption. Multilevel modelling indicated that daily stress was positively associated with daily snack intake, particularly for ego-threatening and work/academic stressors. Emotional and external eating styles were found to moderate the stress-snacking relationship. Cortisol reactivity also moderated stress-eating associations, such that as cortisol reactivity levels increased from lower to higher levels, the impact of stress on eating decreased. The current findings highlight the importance of cortisol reactivity status and eating styles in understanding the complex relationship between daily stress and eating behavior in adolescents and young adults. Future research should continue investigating stress-eating associations in these groups and explore the role of other aspects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Hill
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mark Conner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Matt Bristow
- Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bashir KMI, Kim JW, Kim JK, Chun YS, Choi JS, Ku SK. Efficacy Confirmation Test of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Seeds Extract Using a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040501. [PMID: 37110159 PMCID: PMC10142846 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To deal with the adverse effects associated with the use of currently available treatments for metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, there is a need to find an alternative drug compound. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds extract (BCS extract) for type 2 diabetes using a 45% Kcal-fed obese mouse model. The BCS extract at different doses (400–100 mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent improvement tendency in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, and diabetic nephropathy compared to the metformin (250 mg/kg). In particular, BCS extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg significantly inhibited the HFD-induced metabolic conditions. The oral administration of BCS extract (200 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation, normalized the activity of sugar metabolism-related enzymes and the expression of genes involved in fat metabolism, and inhibited insulin resistance through glucose and fat metabolism by regulating the 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression. Furthermore, BCS extract (200 mg/kg) showed renal damage improvement effects compared to the metformin (250 mg/kg). The results clearly show that BCS aqueous extract at an appropriate concentration could help in the treatment of metabolic disorders, and BCS aqueous extract can be used as a functional food for various diabetic complications, such as obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Association between lifestyle-related, psychosocial factors and obesity among female adolescents in Taiwan. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 68:e58-e68. [PMID: 36428129 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine a wide range of potential contributors to the risk of obesity in female adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS Data for this study were collected using a cross-sectional design. A group of 175 female adolescents were recruited, and information on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle-related behaviors, and psychosocial factors was collected using a self-administered questionnaire during September 2018 to January 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. RESULTS An overestimation of body weight was negatively correlated with overweight in the female adolescents. Age at menarche was negatively correlated with the arisk of overweight. Adolescents who slept for >7 h on weekend nights were less likely to be overweight. Eating more cheese, fish, seafood, and organ meats was negatively correlated with obesity risk. The female adolescents were more likely to become overweight if they ate dinners prepared by family and experienced more disturbances from parents and other family members. CONCLUSIONS Female adolescents are a unique population affected by obesity. Although incorporating both lifestyle-related behavioral and psychosocial factors in future investigations and developing multicomponent interventions for obesity prevention are crucial, female adolescents should receive the utmost attention from researchers to alleviate the health burden of obesity. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The intertwined nature of obesity-related factors warrants future investigations to elaborate their roles interplaying with the risk of obesity. Multicomponent interventions should be developed, and nurses and health-care providers should target their efforts on obesity prevention for this specific population.
Collapse
|
18
|
Berti C, Elahi S, Catalano P, Bhutta ZA, Krawinkel MB, Parisi F, Agostoni C, Cetin I, Hanson M. Obesity, Pregnancy and the Social Contract with Today's Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:3550. [PMID: 36079808 PMCID: PMC9459961 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent health and well-being are of great concern worldwide, and adolescents encounter particular challenges, vulnerabilities and constraints. The dual challenges of adolescent parenthood and obesity are of public health relevance because of the life-altering health and socioeconomic effects on both the parents and the offspring. Prevention and treatment strategies at the individual and population levels have not been successful in the long term, suggesting that adolescent pregnancy and obesity cannot be managed by more of the same. Here, we view adolescent obese pregnancy through the lens of the social contract with youth. The disruption of this contract is faced by today's adolescents, with work, social and economic dilemmas which perpetuate socioeconomic and health inequities across generations. The lack of employment, education and social opportunities, together with obesogenic settings, increase vulnerability and exposure to lifelong health risks, affecting their offspring's life chances too. To break such vicious circles of disadvantage and achieve sustainable solutions in real-world settings, strong efforts on the part of policymakers, healthcare providers and the community must be oriented towards guaranteeing equity and healthy nutrition and environments for today's adolescents. The involvement of adolescents themselves in developing such programs is paramount, not only so that they feel a sense of agency but also to better meet their real life needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Berti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Catalano
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston 02111, MA, USA
| | - Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Michael B. Krawinkel
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences—International Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Francesca Parisi
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, “V. Buzzi” Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, “V. Buzzi” Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Mark Hanson
- Institute of Developmental Sciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Studying the dynamic patterns of dietary changes or stability (otherwise known as dietary trajectories) across the life course can provide important information about when and in whom to intervene with nutritional interventions. This article reviews evidence from longitudinal studies that describe dietary trajectories through the different life stages, covering early life, adolescence to young adulthood and from mid to late adulthood. Current findings suggest that the establishment of diet patterns likely occurs before 3 years of age and allude to other potential ‘windows of change’ in the life course such as the period of 7–9 years of age and during the period of adolescence and early adulthood. Examining diets using various diet parameters appears to be valuable in elucidating different aspects of the diet that can be changed to potentially alter trajectories. In adults, examining long-term diet trends at a population level can reveal shifts in eating patterns as countries undergo epidemiological and nutrition transitions and elucidate the longer-term impact of adherence to particular diets on the development of chronic diseases. While challenges such as the availability of adequate diet data points, consistency in the dietary assessment tools used and the limitations of statistical methods for trajectory modelling remain, integrating diet data with other lifestyle behaviours, high-dimensional biomarkers and genetics data into pattern analyses and examining them from a longitudinal approach, open up potential opportunities to gain deeper insights into diet–disease relationships and support the development of more holistic lifestyle disease prevention recommendations stratified for population groups.
Collapse
|
20
|
Sanjeevi N, Lane JM, Lipsky LM, Haynie D, Nansel TR. The association of motivation and perceived social norms with eating behaviors in emerging adults. Health Psychol Behav Med 2022; 10:81-91. [PMID: 34993007 PMCID: PMC8725968 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.2016410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study examines the associations of eating-related motivation, perceived norms, and their interaction with eating behaviors in emerging adults. Design Data are from the NEXT Generation Health Study, a nationally representative sample of US emerging adults. Binominal logistic regression analyses estimated associations of eating behaviors with self-determined motivation, non-self-determined motivation, and perceived social norms. Multiplicative interaction terms between each motivation construct and perceived social norms were tested in the models. Results Self-determined motivation was positively associated with intake frequency of whole grains, low-fat dairy, and fruit and vegetables. Soda intake frequency was inversely associated with greater non-self-determined motivation, but not self-determined motivation or perceived social norms. Perceived social norms were positively associated with the intake of whole grains, low-fat dairy, and fruit and vegetables. Perceived social norms did not moderate the association of motivation constructs with eating behaviors. Conclusion Self-determined motivation and perceived social norms may be considered in intervention targeting healthful eating behaviors in emerging adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Sanjeevi
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jamil M Lane
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Leah M Lipsky
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Denise Haynie
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tonja R Nansel
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
L Deslippe A, M O'Connor T, Brussoni M, C Mâsse L. The association of food parenting practices with adolescents' dietary behaviors differ by youth gender, but not by parent gender. Appetite 2021; 169:105846. [PMID: 34871588 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents affect their adolescents' dietary behaviors through food parenting practices both directly and indirectly through adolescents' cognitive factors (self-efficacy, intrinsic or extrinsic motivation). However, it is not known if mothers and fathers use of different food parenting practices similarly influences boys' and girls' dietary behaviors. This study investigated the direct and indirect associations between food parenting practices and adolescents' dietary behaviors (fruits/vegetables and sugar sweetened beverage (SSB)) and whether these associations differed by adolescents' or parents' gender. METHODS Data were obtained from the 2014 Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating Study. A sample of 1633 American adolescent-parent dyads (73.7% mothers; 50.4% girls) completed the self-reported tools. Models were stratified by adolescents' gender and differences by parent gender were explored as a moderator. RESULTS Differences did not emerge based on gender of parents. However, associations between food parenting practices and adolescents' dietary behaviors differed by adolescents' gender. Direct associations between autonomy supportive food parenting practices and fruit/vegetable intake (β = 0.18, p < .05) and intrinsic motivations and SSB consumption (β = -0.13, p < .05) were detected only among boys. Direct associations, regardless of gender, were also found including structured food parenting practices and adolescent self-efficacy with their dietary behaviors; controlling food parenting practices with SSB intake; as well as intrinsic and extrinsic motivation with fruit/vegetable intake. Findings from the mediation analyses supported these trends with structured parenting practices displaying similar associations on boys' and girls' dietary behaviors were controlling and autonomy supportive parenting practices have significant indirect associations on boys' dietary behaviors through motivation pathways, but not girls. CONCLUSION Adolescent boys and girls appear to be affected differently by food parenting practices and accounting for these differences may contribute to more effective dietary interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alysha L Deslippe
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates St, Room: CNRC-2034, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.
| | - Mariana Brussoni
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | - Louise C Mâsse
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qaisar R, Karim A. BMI status relative to international and national growth references among Pakistani school-age girls. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:535. [PMID: 34852819 PMCID: PMC8638413 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A sizable proportion of school-going children from developing countries has abnormal growth parameters, often not standardized with international reference values. We aimed to assess the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in the schoolgirls of Punjab according to international and local references. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 12 districts of northern, central, and southern Punjab were recruited. Estimates of normal weight, underweight, overweight and obesity were calculated in the girls according to three international BMI references including centers for disease control (CDC) 2000, the international obesity task force (IOTF) 2012 and world health organisation (WHO) 2007 in addition to a local reference for the population under study. We used Cohen’s kappa statistics to analyse the agreement of our data with reference values. Results There was marked overestimation of underweight (23.9%, 14.5%, 15.2% and 4.37%), slight underestimation of overweight (5.3%, 7.3%, 7.9% and 8.97%) and moderate underestimation of obesity (1.9%, 1.5%, 2.2% and 5.67%) according to CDC, IOTF, WHO and local reference, respectively. When the weight status of the study cohort was compared with the local data, we found comparable results in all four weight categories. Conclusion We recommend population-wide further studies to estimate the prevalence of weight status in school-age girls for devising appropriate references and for planning strategies for public health policy and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Asima Karim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE. .,Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Niu L, Hoyt LT, Pickering S, Nucci-Sack A, Salandy A, Shankar V, Rodriguez EM, Burk RD, Schlecht NF, Diaz A. Neighborhood Profiles and Body Mass Index Trajectory in Female Adolescents and Young Adults. J Adolesc Health 2021; 69:1024-1031. [PMID: 34312066 PMCID: PMC8612950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to identify distinct neighborhood profiles patterned by key structural, physical, and social characteristics and test whether living in different profiles are associated with body mass index trajectories during adolescence in racial/ethnic minority female youth. METHODS Participants were 1,328 sexually active female adolescents and young adults aged 14-23 years, predominately Hispanic and black, enrolled in an human papillomavirus type 4 vaccine (Gardasil) surveillance study at a large adolescent health clinic in New York City between 2007 and 2018. Body mass index was calculated from weight and height every 6 months. A comprehensive set of neighborhood structural, social, and physical characteristics from multiple national and state datasets was linked to each participant based on home address. RESULTS Latent profile analysis revealed five distinct neighborhood profiles in New York City: High Structural/High Social Advantage, Moderate Advantage/Low Crime, Low SES (Socioeconomic Status)/High Activity, Low SES/High Social Advantage, and High Disadvantage. Results from multilevel growth curve analysis revealed that living in Low SES/High Activity neighborhoods was associated with a lower BMI at age 22 (b = -1.32, 95% confidence interval -2.49, -.16), as well as a slower increase in BMI from age 14 to 22 years (b = -.22, 95% confidence interval -.46, .02), compared to the High Disadvantage profile. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that improving neighborhood structural, social, and physical environments may help promote healthy weight and reduce health disparities during adolescence and young adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Manhattan, New York; Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York.
| | - Lindsay T. Hoyt
- Applied Developmental Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | - Sarah Pickering
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Nucci-Sack
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony Salandy
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viswanathan Shankar
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Elisa M. Rodriguez
- Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA, Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology & Immunology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicolas F. Schlecht
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA, Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Angela Diaz
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Manhattan, NY, USA, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Deslippe AL, Tugault-Lafleur C, McGaughey T, Naylor PJPJ, Le Mare L, Mâsse LC. Gender plays a role in adolescents' dietary behaviors as they transition to secondary school. Appetite 2021; 167:105642. [PMID: 34375698 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Little research explores how changes in adolescents' peer, family and school environments may influence dietary behaviors during the shift from elementary school to secondary school and whether boys and girls experience these changes in similar ways. Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological model and Ridgeway's gendered framework, thematic analysis of twenty-seven semi-structured interviews with parent-adolescent dyads reveals that changes in adolescents' peer, family and school environments affect dietary behaviors following the transition in gendered ways. Within the peer context, food facilitates friendships among girls. Girls use food to forge intimate relationships with their peers whereas boys do not report relying on their peers to influence their dietary choices. In the family environment, gender-based body ideals (i.e., being strong and fit for boys versus being thin for girls) become more apparent and influential over adolescents' dietary behaviors. In some families, parents oppose gender-based body ideals (i.e., food restriction among girls) whereas in others, parents' expectations around food become supportive of gendered norms (i.e., encouraging food consumption among boys to gain muscle or acquiring food literacy skills among girls). Within the school context, socializing emerges as a key priority above eating at lunchtime, but boys and girls engage in this socialization differently. Girls use their lunch hour to socialize with peers through sedentary activities whereas boys socialize through team sports. In summary, gender plays a role in how changes in the peer, family and school environments influence boys' and girls' dietary behaviors as they transition into secondary school. Future public health interventions should consider using a targeted gender approach to encourage adolescents to make healthier food choices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alysha L Deslippe
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
| | - Claire Tugault-Lafleur
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Tomoko McGaughey
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
| | - Patti-Jean P J Naylor
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada.
| | - Lucy Le Mare
- Centre for Research on Early Child and Health Education, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Louise C Mâsse
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 1985 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Man CS, Hock LK, Ying CY, Cheong KC, Kuay LK, Huey TC, Baharudin A, Aziz NSA. Is fast-food consumption a problem among adolescents in Malaysia? An analysis of the National School-Based Nutrition Survey, 2012. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2021; 40:31. [PMID: 34271986 PMCID: PMC8285850 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-021-00254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fast-food consumption is an unhealthy dietary behaviour because it increases the risk of diet-related chronic diseases. We aimed to investigate factors associated with fast-food consumption, namely sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index-for-age, meal away from home habit, and intake of various food groups among adolescents in Malaysia. METHODS We analysed data from the National School-Based Nutrition Survey (NSNS). The NSNS was a nationwide, cross-sectional survey. Multiple-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was applied to obtain a representative sample of adolescents' population. This study recruited adolescents aged 10-18 years who were attending schools. Pre-tested self-administered questionnaires in Malay language were used to obtain relevant information. Frequency of fast-food consumption per week was classified into three groups: "consumed fast-food four to seven days", "consumed fast-food one to three days", and "did not consume fast-food". Intake of food groups was assessed by self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive and complex sample multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed in data analysis. RESULTS A total of 26,383 from 40,012 selected adolescents completed all the relevant questions for this study. Of those surveyed, 13.5% of the respondents consumed fast-food 4 to 7 days, 69.3% of the respondents consumed fast food 1 to 3 days, and 17.2% of them did not consume fast-food in a typical week. Frequency of fast-food consumptions (4 to 7 days and 1 to 3 days per week) was significantly associated with age; sex; ethnicity; locality of schools; frequency of eating out; and not consuming recommended intake of cereals or grains, vegetables, and meat or poultry or eggs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, age; sex; ethnicity; locality of schools; frequency of eating out per week; imbalanced intake of cereals or grains, meat, or poultry or eggs; and inadequate vegetable intake were significantly associated with fast-food consumption among adolescents in Malaysia. The findings of this study will be useful for policy makers in promoting healthy food choices among adolescents in Malaysia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheong Siew Man
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/53, Section U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Lim Kuang Hock
- Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chan Ying Ying
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Kee Chee Cheong
- Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Lim Kuang Kuay
- Centre for Occupation Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Teh Chien Huey
- Biomedical Research Management, Strategy and Innovation Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Azli Baharudin
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/53, Section U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/53, Section U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Prochnow T, Umstattd Meyer MR, Patterson MS, Trost SG, Gómez L, Sharkey J. Active Play Network Influences on Physical Activity Among Children Living in Texas Colonias. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021; 44:154-161. [PMID: 33464765 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for child health; however, few children meet PA guidelines. Social relationships impact child PA behaviors; however, little is known about this effect in Mexican-heritage populations. This study aims to understand associations between self-reported play networks and PA among Mexican-heritage children. Mexican-heritage children from colonias along the Texas-Mexico border (n = 44; 54.5% girls; mean age = 9.89 years, SD = 0.97) reported information on up to 5 people they played with most often. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between composition of children's social network and minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and sedentary minutes per day measured by accelerometers. Children who reported a higher percentage of friends as opposed to family members attained significantly more minutes of MVPA per day (β = .27, P = .04). Children who reported playing with individuals in their network more often (β = ‒.28, P = .03) were sedentary for fewer minutes per day. Increasing the connections between children in the neighborhood or community, as well as increasing a child's frequency of active play, may be promising approaches to increasing MVPA and decreasing sedentary behaviors among Mexican-heritage children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Prochnow
- Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas (Mr Prochnow and Dr Umstattd Meyer); Department of Health and Kinesiology (Dr Patterson) and Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences (Mr Gómez and Dr Sharkey), Texas A&M University, College Station; and Queensland University of Technology, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Dr Trost)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Arena R, Myers J, Kaminsky LA, Williams M, Sabbahi A, Popovic D, Axtell R, Faghy MA, Hills AP, Olivares Olivares SL, Lopez M, Pronk NP, Laddu D, Babu AS, Josephson R, Whitsel LP, Severin R, Christle JW, Dourado VZ, Niebauer J, Savage P, Austford LD, Lavie CJ. Current Activities Centered on Healthy Living and Recommendations for the Future: A Position Statement from the HL-PIVOT Network. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 46:100823. [PMID: 33789171 PMCID: PMC9587486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We continue to increase our cognizance and recognition of the importance of healthy living (HL) behaviors and HL medicine (HLM) to prevent and treat chronic disease. The continually unfolding events precipitated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have further highlighted the importance of HL behaviors, as indicated by the characteristics of those who have been hospitalized and died from this viral infection. There has already been recognition that leading a healthy lifestyle, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, may have a substantial protective effect in those who become infected with the virus. Now more than ever, HL behaviors and HLM are essential and must be promoted with a renewed vigor across the globe. In response to the rapidly evolving world since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the clear need to change lifestyle behaviors to promote human resilience and quality of life, the HL for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) network was established. The 4 major areas of focus for the network are: (1) knowledge discovery and dissemination; (2) education; (3) policy; (4) implementation. This HL-PIVOT network position statement provides a current synopsis of the major focus areas of the network, including leading research in the field of HL behaviors and HLM, examples of best practices in education, policy, and implementation, and recommendations for the future.
Collapse
Key Words
- aca, affordable care act
- bmi, body mass index
- copd, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- covid-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- crf, cardiorespiratory fitness
- hcps, healthcare professionals
- hl, healthy living
- hlm, healthy living medicine
- hl-pivot, healthy living for pandemic event protection
- mets, metabolic equivalents
- pa, physical activity
- pafit, physical activity and fitness
- sars-cov-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- us, united states
- vo2, oxygen consumption
- who, world health organization
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL.
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Leonard A Kaminsky
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Ball State University, Muncie, IN
| | - Mark Williams
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Ahmad Sabbahi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Dejana Popovic
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Clinic for Cardiology, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert Axtell
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Human Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Hills
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Silvia Lizett Olivares Olivares
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Mildred Lopez
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Abraham Samuel Babu
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Richard Josephson
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
| | - Laurie P Whitsel
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Rich Severin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Jeffrey W Christle
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Victor Zuniga Dourado
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josef Niebauer
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Savage
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; University of Vermont Medical Center, Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, South Burlington, VT
| | - Leslie D Austford
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; TotalCardiology Research Network, and TotalCardiologyTM, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang J, Wang N, Ge Z, Ding B, Bi Y, Li W, Hong Z. Effect of Improving Dietary Structure on Serum 25(OH)VitD₃ Level in Hypertensive Patients in a Chinese Rural Area. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929218. [PMID: 33888673 PMCID: PMC8078025 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we explored the effect of an improved dietary pattern on 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)VitD3] level in hypertensive patients in a rural setting and investigated the possible mechanism for lowering blood pressure. Material/Methods Thirty-three participants with overweight or obesity were randomly divided into 2 groups. A 24-h dietary review method was used for dietary assessment. Participants in both groups were provided the same balanced diet except for the breakfast staple food for 4 weeks. General characteristics, body composition analysis, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, inflammatory indices, and serum 25(OH)VitD3 level were assessed at baseline and at the completion of the 4-week dietary intervention. Nutrient intake was analyzed by dietary analysis software, and SPSS software was used for correlation and regression analyses. Results Thirty-one participants completed the study. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 100% at baseline. After the dietary intervention, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency decreased to 45%. Levels of dietary intake of vitamin D, cholesterol, protein, fat, and calcium showed a significantly positive correlation with the serum 25(OH)VitD3 level. Body fat, visceral fat, waist-to-hip ratio, serum triglyceride, and Toll-2 expression were negatively correlated with the serum 25(OH)VitD3 level. Blood pressure had a significant negative correlation with 25(OH)VitD3 level. Participants in both groups experienced a significant decrease in blood pressure. Conclusion Intake of a balanced diet rich in vitamin D, with appropriate amounts of cholesterol, protein, calcium, and fat, helped improve body composition, ameliorated lipid metabolism disorder, reduced inflammation, and improved serum 25(OH)VitD3 level, thus lowering blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiwen Ge
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Bingjie Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yanxia Bi
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongxin Hong
- Department of Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Doggui R, Ward S, Johnson C, Bélanger M. Trajectories of Eating Behaviour Changes during Adolescence. Nutrients 2021; 13:1313. [PMID: 33923453 PMCID: PMC8073249 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence represents a critical transition phase during which individuals acquire eating behaviours that can track into adulthood. This study aims to characterise trends in eating behaviours throughout adolescence by investigating the presence of sub-groups of individuals presenting distinct trajectories of vegetable and fruit, sugary beverage, breakfast and fast-food consumption. Data from 744 MATCH study Canadian participants followed from 11 to 18 Years old (2013-2019) were included in the analyses. Participants reported how often they ate breakfast and consumed vegetables and fruits, sugary beverages and fast foods. Trajectories of eating behaviours over seven years were identified using group-based multi-trajectory modelling. For girls, three different groups were identified, namely 'stable food intake with a decline in daily breakfast consumption' (39.9%), 'moderate food intake and worsening in overall eating behaviours' (38.0%) and 'stable high food intake' (22.1%). For boys, five different groups were identified, namely 'low food intake with stable daily breakfast consumption' (27.3%), 'breakfast-skippers and increasing fast food intake' (27.1%), 'low food intake with a decline in daily breakfast consumption' (23.9%), 'high food intake with worsening of eating behaviours' (13.3%) and 'average food intake with consistently high breakfast consumption' (8.4%). Eating behaviours evolve through various distinct trajectories and sub-group-specific strategies may be required to promote healthy eating behaviours among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhouene Doggui
- Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Université de Sherbrooke), Pavillon J.-Raymond-Frenette, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Ave, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
| | - Stéphanie Ward
- École des Sciences des Aliments, de Nutrition et d’Études Familiales, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
| | - Claire Johnson
- École des Hautes Études Publiques, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
| | - Mathieu Bélanger
- Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Université de Sherbrooke), Pavillon J.-Raymond-Frenette, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Ave, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- Vitalité Health Network, Moncton, NB E2A 1A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Life-course effects of early life adversity exposure on eating behavior and metabolism. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 97:237-273. [PMID: 34311901 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Environmental variations in early life influence brain development, making individuals more vulnerable to psychiatric and metabolic disorders. Early life stress (ELS) has a strong impact on the development of eating behavior. However, eating is a complex behavior, determined by an interaction between signals of energy homeostasis, neuronal circuits involved in its regulation, and circuits related to rewarding properties of the food. Although mechanisms underlying ELS-induced altered feeding behavior are not completely understood, evidence suggest that the effects of ELS on metabolic, mood, and emotional disorders, as well as reward system dysfunctions can contribute directly or indirectly to altered feeding behavior. The focus of this chapter is to discuss the effects of ELS on eating behavior and metabolism, considering different factors that control appetite such as energy homeostasis, hedonic properties of the food, emotional and cognitive status. After highlighting classic studies on the association between ELS and eating behavior alterations, we discuss how exposure to adversity can interact with genetics characteristics to predict variable outcomes.
Collapse
|
31
|
Tengia-Kessy A, Killenga JN. Prevalence of excess body weight and associated factors among secondary school adolescent girls in northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 37:253. [PMID: 33598068 PMCID: PMC7864264 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.253.25349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction excess body weight among adolescents is on the increase and has become a global public health challenge. It is likely to persist to adulthood, exposing to risk of developing chronic diseases. However, there is insufficient information on the prevalence of excess body weight and associated factors among adolescent girls in secondary schools in northern Tanzania. Methods this cross-sectional study involved 400 secondary school adolescent girls, selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information. Anthropometric measurements were taken and body mass index calculated. Descriptive statistics summarized the data. Logistic regression was used to model excess body weight resulting into adjusted odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals and significant level was set at p-value<0.05. Results the proportion of adolescents with excess body weight (BMI >+1SD) was 23%. The majority (63%), reported unhealthy dietary habits while half (51.5%) of them had moderate level of knowledge on healthy eating. Compared to working as a civil servant, the odds of having excess body weight among girls whose mothers/female guardians were housewives was less by 60% (aOR=0.4, 95%CI: 0.2, 0.9). Furthermore, the odds of having excess body weight among adolescents eating unhealthy foods were almost six times higher compared to their peers on healthy diet (aOR=5.8, 95%CI: 2.9, 11.3). Conclusion prevalence of excess body weight among adolescent girls in northern Tanzania is high. Unhealthy dietary habits and mother's/female guardian's occupation were significant correlates of excess body weight. We recommend platforms to inform adolescents on the importance of proper food intake and to advance knowledge on dangers of excessive weight gain as a strategy towards prevention of nutrition-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tengia-Kessy
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Branco BHM, Mariano IR, de Oliveira LP, Bertolini SMMG, de Oliveira FM, Araújo CGA, Adamo K. Sports and Functional Training Improve a Subset of Obesity-Related Health Parameters in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2021; 11:589554. [PMID: 33551909 PMCID: PMC7859634 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.589554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of two different modes of physical activity on body composition, physical fitness, cardiometabolic risk, and psychological responses in female adolescents participating in a multi-disciplinary program. The 12-week randomized intervention included 25-adolescents with overweight divided into two groups: sports practice-SPG and functional training-FTG. The SPG intervention was divided into three sports: basketball, handball, and futsal. SPG participants performed one sport 3-times/week, over the course of 1 month. The FTG performed concurrent exercises 3-times/week. This study was registered in Clinical Trials Registry Platform under number: RBR-45ywtg and registered in Local Ethics Committee number: 2,505.200/2018. The intensity of physical exercises-PE was matched between groups by the rating of perceived exertion. The primary outcome was body composition, and secondary outcomes were physical fitness, cardiometabolic risk, and psychological responses. There was a significant time-effect for body mass, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), all being reduced. There were increases over time for musculoskeletal mass, aerobic fitness, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) (p < 0.05). There was a group time interaction with body fat percentage being lower post-intervention in the SPG (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for the other variables. Both physical activity models were effective in improving a subset of obesity-related health parameters. The findings should be extended by further investigation using more sophisticated measures of energy expenditure. Clinical Trial Registration: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/, identifier: RBR-45ywtg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition and Performance, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Isabela Ramos Mariano
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition and Performance, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Mendes de Oliveira
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition and Performance, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Gobbi Alves Araújo
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition and Performance, Unicesumar University, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Kristi Adamo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Play with Your Food and Cook It! Tactile Play with Fish as a Way of Promoting Acceptance of Fish in 11- to 13-Year-Old Children in a School Setting-A Qualitative Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103180. [PMID: 33080898 PMCID: PMC7603178 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a tradition of consuming fish in Denmark and despite the health benefits of eating fish, Danish children consume only one-third of the officially recommended amount of fish. The objective of this study was to explore an experiential and sensory-based exercise in a school setting with focus on tactile play and cooking as a way of promoting 11- to 13-year-old children’s acceptance of fish. The design was a qualitative exploratory multiple-case design using participant observation in a school setting. Six classes were recruited from the Eastern part of Denmark (n = 132). Based on an exercise with cooking fish and gyotaku (fish print), four meta-themes were identified by applying applied thematic analysis: rejection, acceptance, craftsmanship, and interaction. Rejection and acceptance appeared along a rejection–acceptance continuum related to how the fish was categorised (animal, non-animal, food) in different phases of the experiment. Rejection was promoted by mucus, smell, animalness, and texture, whereas helping each other, tactile play, and craftsmanship promoted acceptance. In conclusion, this study found that tactile play combined with cooking could be a way of promoting acceptance of fish. The findings also support a school setting as a potential gateway in promoting healthy food behaviour.
Collapse
|
34
|
Santos JLF, Valério VP, Fernandes RN, Duarte L, Assumpção AC, Guerreiro J, Sickler AL, Lemos ÁAR, Goulart Filho JG, Cesar LAM, Pinto IM, Magalhães C, Hussid MF, Camacho C, Avezum A, Sangaleti CT, Consolim-Colombo FM. Waist Circumference Percentiles and Cut-Off Values for Obesity in a Large Sample of Students from 6 To 10 Years Old Of The São Paulo State, Brazil. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:530-537. [PMID: 32267326 PMCID: PMC7792724 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamento A prevalência da obesidade vem aumentando sistematicamente na população, inclusive nas crianças e adolescentes, ao redor do mundo. Objetivos Descrever curvas percentílicas de referência para a circunferência abdominal (CA) nas crianças brasileiras e fornecer pontos de corte da CA para identificar crianças com risco de obesidade. Métodos Um estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, tranversal foi realizado em crianças com idades entre 6 e 10 anos, matriculadas no ensino fundamental de escolas públicas e particulares de 13 cidades do estado de São Paulo. A estatura, o peso e a CA foram medidos em duplicata em 22.000 crianças (11.199 meninos). Para estabelecer o melhor ponto de corte da CA para o diagnóstico da obesidade, foram calculadas curvas ROC com crianças classificadas como com peso normal e obesas, de acordo com as curvas do IMC, estratificadas por gênero e idade, e o índice Youden foi utilizado como a eficácia potencial máxima desse biomarcador. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados Os valores da CA aumentaram com a idade, tanto nos meninos quanto nas meninas. A prevalência de obesidade em cada grupo variou de 17% (6 anos de idade) a 21,6 % (9 anos de idade), dentre os meninos, e de 14,1% (7 anos de idade) a 17,3 % (9 anos de idade), dentre as meninas. As análises ROC mostraram o percentil 75 como ponto de corte para o risco de obesidade, e o diagnóstico de obesidade está classificado no percentil 85 ou acima. Conclusão Curvas de referência da CA específicas para idade e sexo em crianças brasileiras e pontos de corte para o risco de obesidade podem ser usados em triagem nacional e estudos intervencionais para reduzir a carga da obesidade no Brasil. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(3):530-537)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ligia Duarte
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Jayme Guerreiro
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Antonio L Sickler
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Álvaro A R Lemos
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alvaro Avezum
- Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Carine T Sangaleti
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - Enfermagem, Guarapuava, PR - Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Srivastav P, Broadbent S, K V, Nayak B, Bhat HV. Prevention of adolescent obesity: The global picture and an indian perspective. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1195-1204. [PMID: 32673840 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adolescent obesity is an increasing health burden with a growing prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this review is to assess and compare current best practice obesity prevention interventions for adolescents in developed nations and in India METHODS: Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar electronic databases from 2000 to 2020 were searched using the key terms obesity, overweight, child and adolescent obesity, child and adolescent overweight, interventions for childhood and adolescent obesity and dietary interventions for adolescents, developed countries, and India. RESULTS Developed nations worldwide have formed and implemented policies and programs at national and local levels to attempt to minimize and manage adolescent obesity. In 2019, scientific and government consultation groups in India have recommended national cross-sectoral structures to action interventions to restrict high-fat food intake, increase physical activity in children and adolescents and to link current research and school-based interventions in a national framework. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is a multifactorial problem, and multimodal interventions involving all Indian stakeholders, combined with government policy reform, are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Srivastav
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal college of health professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| | - Suzanne Broadbent
- School of Health & Sports Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vaishali K
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Baby Nayak
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - H Vinod Bhat
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bala R, Singh V, Rajender S, Singh K. Environment, Lifestyle, and Female Infertility. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:617-638. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
Nicholaus C, Martin HD, Kassim N, Matemu AO, Kimiywe J. Dietary Practices, Nutrient Adequacy, and Nutrition Status among Adolescents in Boarding High Schools in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:3592813. [PMID: 32685204 PMCID: PMC7350084 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3592813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess dietary practices, nutrient adequacy, and nutrition status among 164 adolescents aged between 16 and 19 years in boarding secondary schools in the Kilimanjaro region. In-depth interviews and a survey guided by a semistructured and structured questionnaire, including 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire techniques, were used to collect information. Nutrition status was assessed using anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin levels. WHO AnthroPlus software and NutriSurvey software were used to analyze anthropometry and dietary data, respectively. Diet in boarding schools was monotonous comprising mainly of cereal-legume meal with low intake of animal sources, fruits, and vegetables. Mean intake of energy, vitamin C, iron, calcium, and zinc was 1392 kcal, 24.8 mg, 9.2 mg, 134.5 mg, and 4.3 mg, respectively, which were below the Recommended Daily Allowance. The average carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake of 471.9 g, 73.7 g, and 80.7 g, respectively, were slightly higher than the Recommended Daily Allowance in both sexes. Male had a significantly higher intake of protein and carbohydrates (P < 0.001). Female had a significantly (P < 0.001) high intake of fat compared to male adolescents. Overall, 23.1% of the adolescents were anaemic, 25% were overweight, and 6.1% were obese. Boarding secondary schools' diet is monotonous and are inadequate in key micronutrients, iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin C. There is a coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition among adolescents in boarding schools. Therefore, monitoring adolescents' dietary intake and nutrition status is a key in preventing adolescents' malnutrition in the short term and diet-related diseases in the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calista Nicholaus
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Haikael D. Martin
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Neema Kassim
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Athanasia O. Matemu
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Judith Kimiywe
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gómez AL, Kraemer WJ, Maresh CM, Lee EC, Szivak TK, Caldwell LK, Post EM, Beeler MK, Volek JS. Resistance Training and Milk-Substitution Enhance Body Composition and Bone Health in Adolescent Girls. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:193-210. [PMID: 32521207 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1770636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Increased soft-drink consumption has contributed to poor calcium intake with 90% of adolescent girls consuming less than the RDA for calcium.Purpose/objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the independent and additive effects of two interventions (milk and resistance training) on nutrient adequacy, body composition, and bone health in adolescent girls.Methods: The experimental design consisted of four experimental groups of adolescent girls 14-17 years of age: (1) Milk + resistance training [MRT]; n = 15; (2) Resistance training only [RT]; n = 15; (3) Milk only [M] n = 20; (4) Control [C] n = 16. A few significant differences were observed at baseline between the groups for subject characteristics. Testing was performed pre and post-12 week training period for all groups. Milk was provided (3, 8 oz servings) for both the MRT and the M groups. The MRT group and the RT groups performed a supervised periodized resistance training program consisting of supervised one-hour exercise sessions 3 d/wk (M, W, F) for 12 wk. Baseline dietary data was collected utilizing the NUT-P-FFQ and/or a 120 item FFQ developed by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (Seattle, Washington). Body composition was measured in the morning after an overnight fast using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with a total body scanner (ProdigyTM, Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI). A whole body scan for bone density and lumbar spine scans were performed on all subjects. Maximal strength of the upper and lower body was assessed via a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) squat and bench press exercise protocols. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.Results: Significant differences in nutrient intakes between groups generally reflected the nutrient composition of milk with greater intakes of protein and improved nutrient adequacy for several B vitamins, vitamin A, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. Mean calcium intake was 758 and 1581 mg/d, in the non-milk and milk groups, respectively, with 100% of girls in the milk groups consuming > RDA of 1300 mg/d. There were no effects of milk on body composition or muscle performance, but resistance training had a main effect and significantly increased body mass, lean body mass, muscle strength, and muscle endurance. There was a main effect of milk and resistance training on several measures of bone mineral density (BMD). Changes in whole body BMD in the M, RT, MRT, and CON were 0.45, 0.52, 1.32, and -0.19%, respectively (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Over the course of 12 weeks the effects of 1300 mg/d of calcium in the form of fluid milk combined with a heavy resistance training program resulted in the additive effects of greater nutrient adequacy and BMD in adolescent girls. While further studies are needed, combining increased milk consumption with resistance training appears to optimize bone health in adolescent girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Gómez
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Carl M Maresh
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Elaine C Lee
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tunde K Szivak
- School of Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lydia K Caldwell
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily M Post
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew K Beeler
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeff S Volek
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Okeyo AP, Seekoe E, de Villiers A, Faber M, Nel JH, Steyn NP. The Food and Nutrition Environment at Secondary Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa as Reported by Learners. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4038. [PMID: 32517072 PMCID: PMC7312062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are growing concerns in adolescents, particularly in females in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the food and nutrition environment in terms of government policy programs, nutrition education provided, and foods sold at secondary schools in the Eastern Cape province. Sixteen schools and grade 8-12 learners (N = 1360) were randomly selected from three health districts comprising poor disadvantaged communities. Based on age and sex specific body mass index (BMI) cut-off values, 13.3% of males and 5.5% of females were underweight, while 9.9% of males and 36.1% of females were overweight or obese. The main food items purchased at school were unhealthy energy-dense items such as fried flour dough balls, chocolates, candies, and crisps/chips. Nutrition knowledge scores based on the South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were poor for 52% to 23.4% learners in Grades 8 to 12, respectively. Female learners generally had significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores compared to their male counterparts (p = 0.016). Questions poorly answered by more than 60% of learners, included the number of fruit and vegetable portions required daily, food to eat when overweight, foods containing fiber, and importance of legumes. It was noted that the majority of teachers who taught nutrition had no formal nutrition training and their responses to knowledge questions were poor indicating that they were not familiar with the FBDGs, which are part of the curriculum. Nutrition assessment as part of the Integrated School Health Program was done on few learners. Overall however, despite some challenges the government national school meal program provided meals daily to 96% of learners. In general, the school food and nutrition environment was not conducive for promoting healthy eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice P. Okeyo
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Fort Hare, Ring Road, Alice 5701, South Africa;
| | - Eunice Seekoe
- Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anniza de Villiers
- Research Capacity Development Division, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7501, South Africa;
| | - Mieke Faber
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7501, South Africa;
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Johanna H. Nel
- Department of Logistics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
| | - Nelia P. Steyn
- Division Human Nutrition, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town; UCT Medical campus, Anzio Road, Anatomy Building, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hajivandi L, Noroozi M, Mostafavi F, Ekramzadeh M. Food habits in overweight and obese adolescent girls with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a qualitative study in Iran. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:277. [PMID: 32498675 PMCID: PMC7271429 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. It seems that over the recent years, PCOS has augmented in adolescent girls due to unhealthy food habits and obesity. So, the present study was conducted to explore the food habits in overweight and obese adolescent girls with PCOS. Methods In the present qualitative study, 33 participants were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and field notes. These data were analyzed through the use of conventional qualitative content analysis. Results Three main categories were extracted: First, the high consumption of unhealthy food had three sub-categories: “high consumption of fatty and salty foods”, “high consumption of unhealthy snacks”, and “high consumption of sugar-rich foods”. Second, low consumption of healthy food had three sub-categories: “low consumption of dairy products”, “low consumption of fiber-rich foods”, and “low consumption of meat, beans, fish and seafood” Third, inappropriate behavioral habits had three sub-categories: “lack of concentration and consumption of large meals”, “inappropriate dietary and physical activity patterns”, and “skipping the meals and going on arbitrary diets”. Conclusion This research through presenting an image of food habits in overweight and obese adolescent girls with PCOS is able to help for designing the necessary interventions to change the food habits, control the symptoms and complications of PCOS, and finally, improve the reproductive health of these girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Hajivandi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Kazerun Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Noroozi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Ekramzadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Smith AD, Sanchez N, Reynolds C, Casamassima M, Verros M, Annameier SK, Melby C, Johnson SA, Lucas-Thompson RG, Shomaker LB. Associations of parental feeding practices and food reward responsiveness with adolescent stress-eating. Appetite 2020; 152:104715. [PMID: 32315656 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Rates of adolescent obesity have continued to rise over the past decade. As adolescence is an important time for developing eating habits that endure into adulthood, more information is needed about the potentially modifiable family- and individual-level factors that influence the development of common overeating behaviors such as stress-eating during adolescence. In this study, we conducted secondary data analyses to evaluate how parental feeding practices and adolescents' food reward responsiveness related to adolescents' stress-eating during a laboratory test meal. Participants were 90 healthy adolescents (50% female), 12-17 years of age (M = 14.3, SD = 1.7 years), at risk for excess weight gain (BMI percentile M = 92.7, SD = 7.5). Parental feeding behaviors were assessed with parent-report on the Child Feeding Questionnaire-Adolescent Version. Adolescents' relative reward value of food was measured with a behavioral task. Stress-eating was assessed as total energy intake from a buffet lunch meal after adolescents participated in the Trier Social Stress Test adapted for adolescents. Results revealed that parental concern about their child's weight (t = 2.27, p = .02) and adolescents' relative reward value of food (t = 2.24, p = .03) were related to greater stress-eating, controlling for BMI standard score, age, sex, and general perceived stress. Parental restriction was not related to stress-eating in this sample (p = .21). These findings suggest that parental attitudes about their adolescent's weight and adolescents' own internalized responsiveness to food as a reward may play a role in propensity to engage in overeating in response to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy D Smith
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Natalia Sanchez
- Colorado School of Public Health, 1612 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Chelsea Reynolds
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Milena Casamassima
- Colorado School of Public Health, 1612 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Megan Verros
- Colorado School of Public Health, 1612 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Shelly K Annameier
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Christopher Melby
- Colorado School of Public Health, 1612 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States; Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, 1501 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, 1501 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Rachel G Lucas-Thompson
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Lauren B Shomaker
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States; Colorado School of Public Health, 1612 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The Role of Recreational Online Activities in School-Based Screen Time Sedentary Behaviour Interventions for Adolescents: A Systematic and Critical Literature Review. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-019-00213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSedentary behaviours are highly associated with obesity and other important health outcomes in adolescence. This paper reviews screen time and its role within school-based behavioural interventions targeting adolescents between the years 2007 and 2019. A systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across five major databases to identify interventions targeting screen time—in addition to TV/DVD viewing. The review identified a total of 30 papers analysing 15 studies across 16 countries aiming at addressing reduction of recreational screen time (internet use and gaming) in addition to television/DVD viewing. All of the interventions focused exclusively on behaviour change, targeting in the majority both reduction of sedentary behaviours along with strategies to increase physical activity levels. A mix of intervention effects were found in the reviewed studies. Findings suggest aiming only for reduction in time spent on screen-based behaviour within interventions could be a limited strategy in ameliorating excessive screen use, if not targeted, in parallel, with strategies to address other developmental, contextual and motivational factors that are key components in driving the occurrence and maintenance of adolescent online behaviours. Additionally, it raises the need for a differential treatment and assessment of each online activity within the interventions due to the heterogeneity of the construct of screen time. Recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of school-based sedentary behaviour interventions and implications for public policy are discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Shomaker LB, Berman Z, Burke M, Annameier SK, Pivarunas B, Sanchez N, Smith AD, Hendrich S, Riggs NR, Legget KT, Cornier MA, Melby C, Johnson SA, Lucas-Thompson R. Mindfulness-based group intervention in adolescents at-risk for excess weight gain: A randomized controlled pilot study. Appetite 2019; 140:213-222. [PMID: 31112737 PMCID: PMC6585452 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess feasibility/acceptability of a mindfulness-based approach to excess weight prevention in adolescents at-risk for excess weight gain. To pilot test efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention for improving food reward sensitivity, stress-eating, executive function (EF), and BMI/adiposity. METHODS A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 12-17y adolescents at-risk for excess weight gain based on above-average weight (body mass index [BMI]≥70%ile) or parental history of obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2). Adolescents were randomized to a mindfulness-based (n = 29) or health education control group (n = 25) that met for six weekly one-hour sessions. Feasibility/acceptability were determined from attendance and acceptability survey ratings. At baseline, six-week and six-month follow-up, adolescents' perceived stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale, food reward sensitivity with a behavioral task, stress-eating during a laboratory test meal, and EF with the parent-reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and NIH Toolbox. At the same intervals, BMI indices and body fat by air displacement plethysmography were assessed in a fasted state. RESULTS Median session attendance was 6:6 sessions in both conditions; program acceptability ratings were above-average. Compared to health education, adolescents in mindfulness had lower food reward sensitivity at six-months (Cohen's d = 0.64, p = .01). There were no between-condition differences in BMI (mindfulness vs. health educationΔsix-months 95%CI 0.20, 1.52 kg/m2 vs. 0.21, 1.62 kg/m2) or adiposity (-3.64, -0.61% vs. -4.31, -1.04%) changes. CONCLUSIONS A mindfulness-based group intervention is feasible/acceptable among adolescents at-risk for excess weight. In this pilot sample, mindfulness and health education were equivocal for BMI/adiposity outcomes. Future trials with a larger, adequately-powered sample and longer-term follow-up are necessary to test efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention for food reward sensitivity, stress-eating, EF, and stabilizing growth trajectories in youth at-risk for adult obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Shomaker
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States; Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E. 17th Pl, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
| | - Zoe Berman
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Morgan Burke
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Shelly K Annameier
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Bernadette Pivarunas
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Natalia Sanchez
- Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E. 17th Pl, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Amy D Smith
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Silas Hendrich
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Nathaniel R Riggs
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Kristina T Legget
- Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Marc-Andre Cornier
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl, Aurora, CO, 80045, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christopher Melby
- Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, 1571 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, 1571 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Rachel Lucas-Thompson
- Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, 1570 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shin Y, Kim SK, Lee M. Mobile phone interventions to improve adolescents' physical health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nurs 2019; 36:787-799. [PMID: 31456259 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile phone intervention in promoting a healthy lifestyle among adolescents. METHODS Six databases were used for literature searches: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, KoreaMed, and Research Information Sharing Service. The keywords used were "adolescents," "mobile phone," "smartphone," "mHealth," "application," and "text message." The search was restricted to intervention studies using randomized controlled studies and pre- and post-control group studies targeting adolescents, all written in English and Korean. RESULTS Eleven intervention studies, including 1,472 adolescents, were included. Included studies published between 2013 and 2018 used various mobile phone features: four studies utilized phone call and text messaging, whereas seven studies used health applications. Methodological quality was assessed and the overall quality of the studies was mid to low. The pooled data favored intervention in improving physical activity and reducing sugar-sweetened beverage intake and screen time. In a pooled data analysis, the effectiveness of mobile phone intervention on body mass index and weight loss was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that mobile phone intervention improved physical health and fitness among adolescents. More beneficial effects can be guaranteed when interventions involve informative and motivational messages. Strategies to ensure the durability of such interventions are needed to promote active and continuous engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YunHee Shin
- Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea
| | - Mihyun Lee
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Naidoo P, Nyembezi A, Thomas E, Lachman A, Kagee A. Perceived barriers and facilitators for healthy behaviours among parents of adolescents receiving mental health care in a public hospital in Cape Town, South Africa: A qualitative study. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2019; 31:39-50. [PMID: 30961448 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2019.1584107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the perceived barriers and facilitators for healthy behaviours among parents and caregivers of adolescents receiving mental health care in Cape Town, South Africa. Method: Thirty-five qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with parents and caregivers of adolescents receiving mental health treatment by six facilitators matched for language. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The participants were predominantly female (n = 28, 80%) and parents (n = 29, 83%) of the adolescents. Personal barriers to good health included unhealthy eating, substance use and physical inactivity. Environmental barriers were inherited medical conditions, the easy availability of unhealthy foods and the absence of recreational facilities in communities. Perceived facilitators to good health were parental role modelling, planning and preparing healthy meals, exercise opportunities providing by walking long distances to work, and doing physically demanding jobs and household chores. Conclusion: Parents and caregivers are essential to adolescents' healthy development as they may influence adolescent health behaviours. It is likely that the promotion of positive health behaviours may be achieved though family-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Naidoo
- a Department of Psychiatry , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa
| | - Anam Nyembezi
- b School of Public Health , University of the Western Cape , Bellville , South Africa
| | - Eileen Thomas
- a Department of Psychiatry , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa
| | - Anusha Lachman
- a Department of Psychiatry , Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg , South Africa
| | - Ashraf Kagee
- c Department of Psychology , Stellenbosch University , Stellenbosch , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
White AA, Colby SE, Franzen-Castle L, Kattelmann KK, Olfert MD, Gould TA, Hagedorn RL, Mathews DR, Moyer J, Wilson K, Yerxa K. The iCook 4-H Study: An Intervention and Dissemination Test of a Youth/Adult Out-of-School Program. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:S2-S20. [PMID: 30851861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe outcomes from intervention and dissemination of iCook 4-H. DESIGN Five-state, community-based participatory research and a randomized, controlled trial followed by a 5-state, nonrandomized dissemination test of the iCook 4-H curriculum with control and treatment groups. SETTING Community and university sites. PARTICIPANTS Youths aged 9-10 years and their adult food preparer; 228 dyads in the intervention and 74 dyads in dissemination. INTERVENTION(S) Theoretical frameworks were Social Cognitive Theory and the experiential 4-H learning model. Six 2-hour, biweekly sessions on cooking, eating, and playing together followed by monthly newsletters and boosters until 24 months, expanded to 8 sessions for dissemination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Youth body mass index (BMI) z-scores, measured height and weight, and youth/adult program outcome evaluations surveys. ANALYSIS Linear mixed models, group, time, and group × time interaction for BMI z-score and program outcomes changes. Significance levels = P ≤ .05; interaction term significance = P ≤ .10. RESULTS In intervention, treatment BMI z-scores increased compared with controls based on significant interaction (P = .04). For odds of being overweight or obese at 24 months, there was no significant interaction (P = .18). In dissemination, based on significant interaction, treatment youths increased cooking skills (P = .03) and treatment adults increased cooking together (P = .08) and eating together (P = .08) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS iCook 4-H program outcomes were positive for mealtime activities of cooking and eating together. The program can be successfully implemented by community educators. The increase in BMI z-scores needs further evaluation for youths in cooking programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah E Colby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Lisa Franzen-Castle
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Kendra K Kattelmann
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Tara A Gould
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - Rebecca L Hagedorn
- Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - Jonathan Moyer
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
| | - Kimberly Wilson
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Extension, Brookings, SD
| | - Kathryn Yerxa
- University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Orono, ME
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Grace S, Barnes L, Reilly W, Vlass A, de Permentier P. An integrative review of dietetic and naturopathic approaches to functional bowel disorders. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:67-80. [PMID: 30477867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Naturopathy and dietetics have evolved as two separate but parallel professions that use diet to promote optimal health and manage many illnesses and diseases. Given the increasing recognition of the influence of diet on health outcomes, there is increasing demand for the services of both professions. The aim of this research was to investigate similarities and differences between naturopathic and dietetic approaches to functional bowel disorders (FBDs). DESIGN For this integrative review AMED, CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, Medline and PubMed databases were searched for articles that focused on dietetic or naturopathic diagnosis and treatment of food intolerance expressing as a FBD in adults. (Registration: PROSPERO 2016 CRD42016049469). RESULTS Of the 55 papers in the final review, 10 discussed complementary medicine approaches to FBDs. Both dietitians and naturopaths used similar holistic approaches to diagnosis and treatment, adjusted diets as a primary treatment approach, and individualised treatment for their patients. The professions differed in their use of vitamin, mineral and herbal supplements and in their willingness to recommend other treatments like osteopathy and acupuncture. CONCLUSIONS There is much overlap between dietetic and naturopathic approaches to assessment and treatment of FBDs. Further publications that describe naturopathic treatments for FBDs are needed to confirm these results and to provide opportunities for increased recognition and scrutiny of any distinctively naturopathic approaches. Without doing so, naturopathic practices are likely to remain marginalised and poorly understood. Moreover, the opportunity to fully contribute to the management of lifestyle-related diseases will be missed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Grace
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
| | - Larisa Barnes
- The University Centre of Rural Health, The University of Sydney, 61 Uralba St, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
| | - Wayne Reilly
- Wellness Care Australia Pty Ltd, Coorparoo, Queensland 4151, Australia.
| | - Ann Vlass
- Helping Nature Heal, Balwyn North, Victoria 3104, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Thomas A, Janusek L. Obesity Prevention Behaviors in Asian Indian Adolescent Girls: A Pilot Study. J Pediatr Nurs 2018; 42:9-15. [PMID: 30219305 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate obesity prevention behaviors of Asian Indian adolescent females and determine the relationship of these behaviors to cardiovascular risk factors. DESIGN AND METHODS A purposive sample of twenty females, 14-18 years of age, was enrolled. Body mass index, percent body fat, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured to assess cardiovascular risk. Measures of obesity prevention behaviors were physical activity, dietary and sleeping behaviors. To quantify engagement in physical activity, participants wore an accelerometer. The dietary intake was assessed using the web based SuperTracker. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep behaviors. For data analysis, descriptive statistics was used for demographic characteristics. Correlations were calculated to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and obesity prevention behaviors. RESULTS The majority of the adolescents did not meet recommended physical activity levels. Most reported unhealthy eating behaviors with higher saturated fat intake correlating with higher percent body fat. The cardiovascular risk measures fell below normative values. However, more time spent in sedentary behaviors was related to higher systolic blood pressure, while poor sleep quality was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and greater BMI. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the unhealthy patterns of physical activity, dietary and sleep behaviors in Asian Adolescent girls and the need for promoting healthy behaviors in this at risk population. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The study findings provide a basis for education on healthy behaviors and development of culturally appropriate interventions to prevent obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Thomas
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Linda Janusek
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Reduced learning and memory performances in high-fat treated hamsters related to brain neurotensin receptor1 expression variations. Behav Brain Res 2018; 347:227-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
50
|
Hill DC, Moss RH, Sykes-Muskett B, Conner M, O'Connor DB. Stress and eating behaviors in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite 2018; 123:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|