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Wang L, Wang Y, Wang W, Wang Z. Predictive value of triglyceride glucose index combined with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for major adverse cardiac events after PCI for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12634. [PMID: 38824158 PMCID: PMC11144263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a severe cardiovascular disease that poses a significant threat to the life and health of patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) combined with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for in-hospital cardiac adverse event (MACE) after PCI in STEMI patients. From October 2019 to June 2023, 398 STEMI patients underwent emergency PCI in the Second People's Hospital of Hefei. Stepwise regression backward method and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent risk factors of MACE in STEMI patients. To construct the prediction model of in-hospital MACE after PCI in STEMI patients: Grace score model is the old model (model A); TyG combined with NLR model (model B); Grace score combined with TyG and NLR model is the new model (model C). We assessed the clinical usefulness of the predictive model by comparing Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), Net Reclassification Index (NRI), Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC), and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). Stepwise regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG and NLR were independent risk factors for in-hospital MACE after PCI in STEMI patients. The constructed Model C was compared to Model A. Results showed NRI 0.5973; NRI + 0.3036, NRI - 0.2937, IDI 0.3583. These results show that the newly developed model C predicts the results better than model A, indicating that the model is more accurate. The ROC analysis results showed that the AUC of Model A for predicting MACE in STEMI was 0.749. Model B predicted MACE in STEMI with an AUC of 0.685. Model C predicted MACE in STEMI with an AUC of 0.839. For DCA, Model C has a better net return between threshold probability 0.1 and 0.78, which is better than Model A and Model B. In this study, by combining TyG, NLR, and Grace score, it was shown that TyG combined with NLR could reasonably predict the occurrence of MACE after PCI in STEMI patients and the clinical utility of the prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, West Side of the Intersection of Guangde Road and Leshui Road Yaohai District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China.
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, West Side of the Intersection of Guangde Road and Leshui Road Yaohai District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, West Side of the Intersection of Guangde Road and Leshui Road Yaohai District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, West Side of the Intersection of Guangde Road and Leshui Road Yaohai District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
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Wang H, Liu F, Zhao W, Guo Y, Mai P, Zhao S, Wen Z, Su J, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang Y. High glucose promotes atherosclerosis by regulating miRNA let7d-5p level. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:711-724. [PMID: 38483136 PMCID: PMC11143425 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNA let7d-5p has been recently reported to be abnormally expressed in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis (AS). However, it still remains unknown how let7d-5p contributes to the process of atherosclerosis. METHODS Twenty fresh tissues and a total of 28 wax block specimens from carotid endarterectomy procedures were obtained from the Luoyang Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University. The expression of let7d-5p was assessed using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). A series of in vitro experiments was used to determine the roles of let7d-5p knockdown and overexpression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). RESULTS We discovered that the carotid plaques from diabetic patients had lower expression levels of miR let7d-5p. In VSMCs, the expression of miRNA let7d-5p was significantly lower in high glucose conditions compared with low glucose situations. The proliferation and migration of VSMCs were also inhibited by the overexpression of let7d-5p, whereas the opposite was true when let7d-5p was inhibited, according to gain and loss of function studies. Mechanically, let7d-5p might activate the GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway via binding to the high mobility group AT-Hook 2 (HMGA2) mRNA in VSMCs. Additionally, GLP-1RA liraglutide may prevent the migration and proliferation of VSMCs by raising let7d-5p levels. CONCLUSIONS High glucose stimulated the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by regulating the let7d-5p/HMGA2/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, and liraglutide may slow atherosclerosis by increasing the levels of miR let7d-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Fentao Liu
- ABclonal Technology Company, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Peipei Mai
- Department of Ultrasonography, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Songfeng Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhiguo Wen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Henan Bioengineering Research Center, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
- Zhongyuan Scholars Workstation of Henan, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
- Zhongyuan Scholars Workstation of Henan, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
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Wani MJ, Arif A, Salman KA, Mahmood R. Glycated LDL generates reactive species that damage cell components, oxidize hemoglobin and alter surface morphology in human erythrocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132257. [PMID: 38729492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transports cholesterol to various tissues via the blood. Glycation of LDL occurs during hyperglycemic condition which is characterised by persistently high blood glucose level. Circulating erythrocytes can come in direct contact with glycated LDL (G-LDL). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of G-LDL on human erythrocytes, specifically on hemoglobin, intracellular generation of reactive species and the antioxidant defence system. Isolated erythrocytes were incubated with G-LDL (3 and 6 mg/ml) and native LDL (6 mg/ml) at 37 °C for 24 h. Native LDL and G-LDL untreated erythrocytes were similarly incubated at 37 °C and served as control. G-LDL treatment increased hemolysis compared to control and native LDL-treated erythrocytes. Incubation of erythrocytes with G-LDL led to an increase in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation while greatly decreasing the total sulfhydryl content. It also significantly enhanced hemoglobin oxidation, heme degradation, and the release of free iron moiety. Treatment with G-LDL led to an appreciable increase in the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The antioxidant power and activities of major antioxidant enzymes were drastically reduced, while critical membrane-bound enzymes were inhibited. The surface morphology of G-LDL-treated erythrocytes was altered leading to the formation of echinocytes. Importantly, treatment of erythrocytes with native LDL did not significantly affect the above-mentioned parameters and values were similar to the corresponding controls. Thus, G-LDL is cytotoxic to human erythrocytes and causes oxidative damage to cell components. This can reduce the oxygen-transporting ability of blood and also result in red cell senescence and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Junaid Wani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J.N.M.C., Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Amin Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Khushtar Anwar Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J.N.M.C., Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India.
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Huang W, Zhang M, Qiu Q, Zhang J, Hua C, Chen G, Xie H. Metabolomics of human umbilical vein endothelial cell-based analysis of the relationship between hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1528-1537. [PMID: 38508990 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hyperuricemia frequently accompanies dyslipidemia, yet the precise mechanism remains elusive. Leveraging cellular metabolomics analyses, this research probes the potential mechanisms wherein hyperuricemia provokes endothelial cell abnormalities, inducing disordered bile metabolism and resultant lipid anomalies. METHODS AND RESULTS We aimed to identify the differential metabolite associated with lipid metabolism through adopting metabolomics approach, and thereafter adequately validating its protective function on HUVECs by using diverse assays to measure cellular viability, reactive oxygen species, migration potential, apoptosis and gene and protein levels of inflammatory factors. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) (the differential metabolite of HUVECs) and the TCDCA-involved primary bile acid synthesis pathway were found to be negatively correlated with high UA levels based on the results of metabolomics analysis. It was noted that compared to the outcomes observed in UA-treated HUVECs, TCDCA could protect against UA-induced cellular damage and oxidative stress, increase proliferation as well as migration, and decreases apoptosis. In addition, it was observed that TCDCA might protect HUVECs by inhibiting UA-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (p38MAPK/NF-κB p65) pathway gene and protein levels, as well as the levels of downstream inflammatory factors. CONCLUSION The pathogenesis of hyperuricemia accompanying dyslipidemia may involve high uric acid levels eliciting inflammatory reactions and cellular damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), mediated through the p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, subsequently impinging on cellular bile acid synthesis and reducing bile acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Hua
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Geliang Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Tongren Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Yaliqin N, Aimaier S, Adi D, Ma YT, Yu ZX. Impact of Duration of Diabetes Mellitus on Long-Term Outcome in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention after the First Myocardial Infarction. Cardiology 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38763137 DOI: 10.1159/000538032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The impact of the diabetes duration on the long-term outcome of those with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after the first AMI is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the predictive value of diabetes duration in the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). METHODS A total of 394 type 2 DM patients with PCI after the first AMI were enrolled and were divided into two groups by the diabetes duration: a short-DM group with diabetes duration of <5 years and a long-DM group with a duration of ≥5 years. The clinical endpoint was MACCEs. RESULTS Multivariate Cox regression analysis found that the diabetes duration was independently associated with increased occurrence of MACCEs (HR: 1.512, 95% CI: 1.033, 2.215, p = 0.034), along with hypertension, Killip class III or IV, creatinine, multivessel disease, and continuous hypoglycemic therapy. After adjusting for the confounding variables, a nested Cox model showed that diabetes duration was still an independent risk factor of MACCEs (HR: 1.963, 95% CI: 1.376, 2.801, p < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve illustrated a significantly high risk of MACCEs (HR: 2.045, p < 0.0001) in long-duration DM patients. After propensity score matching, a longer diabetes duration was associated with an increased risk of MACCE occurrence. CONCLUSION Long-duration diabetes was independently associated with poor clinical outcomes after PCI in patients with their first myocardial infarction. Despite the diabetes duration, continuous hypoglycemic therapy significantly improved long-term clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Yaliqin
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,
| | - Salamaiti Aimaier
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilare Adi
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
| | - Zi-Xiang Yu
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
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Li J, Ying C. A sensitivity indicator screening and intelligent classification method for the diagnosis of T2D-CHD. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1358066. [PMID: 38720918 PMCID: PMC11076677 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1358066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) and its significant role in increasing Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) risk highlights the urgent need for effective CHD screening within this population. Despite current advancements in T2D management, the complexity of cardiovascular complications persists. Our study aims to develop a comprehensive CHD screening model for T2D patients, employing multimodal data to improve early detection and management, addressing a critical gap in clinical practice. Methods We analyzed data from 699 patients, including 471 with CHD (221 of these also had T2D) and a control group of 228 without CHD. Employing strict diagnostic criteria, we conducted significance testing and multivariate analysis to identify key indicators for T2D-CHD diagnosis. This led to the creation of a neural network model using 21 indicators and a logistic regression model based on an 8-indicator subset. External validation was performed with an independent dataset from an additional 212 patients to confirm the models' generalizability. Results The neural network model achieved an accuracy of 90.7%, recall of 90.78%, precision of 90.83%, and an F-1 score of 0.908. The logistic regression model demonstrated an accuracy of 90.13%, recall of 90.1%, precision of 90.22%, and an F-1 score of 0.9016. External validation reinforced the models' reliability and effectiveness in broader clinical settings. Conclusion Our AI-driven diagnostic models significantly enhance early CHD detection and management in T2D patients, offering a novel, efficient approach to addressing the complex interplay between these conditions. By leveraging advanced analytics and comprehensive patient data, we present a scalable solution for improving clinical outcomes in this high-risk population, potentially setting a new standard in personalized care and preventative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjiang Ying
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Y, Xin Y, Li B, Wu Q, An P, Li B, Li Y, Zang L, Gu W, Mu Y. Association of advanced glycation end products with ear lobe crease: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13548. [PMID: 38599828 PMCID: PMC11006612 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of the ear lobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) can affect the structures and functions of proteins and contribute to the development of diabetic complications. However, few studies have reported the relationship between AGEs and ELC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of skin autofluorescence (SAF)-AGEage (SAF-AGEs × age/100) with ELC. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 6500 eligible participants from two communities in Beijing. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) was used to measure skin AGEs (SAF-AGEs). SAF-AGEage was defined as AGEs × age/100. Binary logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis nested in logistic models were applied to test outcomes. RESULTS The overall prevalence of ELC with an average age of 62.7 years participants was 57.1% (n = 3714). Age, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and lipoprotein cholesterol were all greater in participants with ELC. ELC-positive participants had higher prevalence of coronary heart disease. Logistic analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between quartiles of SAF-AGEage and ELC (odds ratio [OR] 1.526, 95% CI 1.324-1.759; OR 2.072, CI 1.791-2.396; and OR 2.983, CI 2.551-3.489) for the multivariate-adjusted models, respectively. Stratified research revealed that those with a history of diabetes, hypertension, or coronary heart disease experienced the connection between SAF-AGEage and ELC. CONCLUSION ELC is associated with coronary heart disease, and the SAF-AGE has a potential role in ELC development in elder people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Binqi Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qingzheng Wu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ping An
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bing Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Li Zang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Weijun Gu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
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Xia J, Huang Y, Ma M, Liu F, Cao B. Downregulating lncRNA MIAT attenuates apoptosis of podocytes exposed to high glucose. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:451-460. [PMID: 38072843 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a destructive complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIAT in high-glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury associated with DN. METHODS Three human kidney podocyte (HKP) cultures were treated with HG to mimic DN. Expression of lncRNA MIAT, podocyte-specific and injury-related proteins, and apoptosis were assessed before and after MIAT knockdown using MIAT shRNAs. RESULTS MIAT expression was upregulated in HKPs in response to glucose stress. HG treatment resulted in a significant increase in the apoptotic rate, Bax level, and levels of injury-related proteins desmin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), and smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), and a significant reduction in Bcl-2 levels and the levels of podocyte-specific proteins synaptopodin and podocin. Transfection of HKPs with shRNAs significantly reduced MIAT levels (p < 0.05) and attenuated apoptosis in HG-medium. Correspondingly, the levels of synaptopodin and podocin were upregulated, and desmin, FSP-1, and α-SMA were reduced (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis also showed that anti-apoptotic active caspase-3 and Bax and proapoptotic Bcl-2 were elevated and decreased, respectively, after MIAT knockdown, suggesting that apoptosis pathways are deactivated after MIAT downregulation. CONCLUSIONS High glucose upregulates MIAT level in HKPs and induces cellular injury. Knockdown of MIAT alleviates the injury likely via deactivating apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical Insurance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Graduate School of Guizhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
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Liu Y, Cheng Y, Xiang N, Wang Z, Li S, Gong L, Wang X. Aerobic exercise improves BK Ca channel-mediated vasodilation in diabetic vascular smooth muscle via AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:425-434. [PMID: 38041787 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise training on BKCa channel in diabetic vascular smooth muscle and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Control m/m mice and diabetic db/db mice were randomly assigned to sedentary groups (W and D) and exercise training groups (WE and DE). Mice in exercise groups underwent training sessions lasting for 12 weeks, with a speed of 12 m/min for 60 min, five times per week. The thoracic aorta was extracted isolated and examined for measurement of vascular structure, global levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), vasodilation, and protein expression. Rat thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (USMCs) were cultured, and siRNA transfection was conducted to detect whether AMPK contributed to the regulation. ROS level and protein expression were measured. RESULTS Compared with control mice, diabetic mice had a larger vascular medium thickness, impaired BKCa-mediated vasodilation, a higher level of ROS, and a lower expression of BKCa α, BKCa β1, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, p-Nrf2/Nrf2, HO-1, and p-AMPK/AMPK. Exercise training increased the expression of BKCa α, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, p-Nrf2/Nrf2, HO-1, and p-AMPK/AMPK. AMPK deletion led to lower ROS levels and expression of BKCa α, β1, Nrf2, and HO-1 in USMCs cultured in high glucose conditions. CONCLUSIONS BKCa channel protein expression reduction in VSMCs contributes to vasodilation and vascular remodeling dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Aerobic exercise can promote the expression of BKCa channel and improve BKCa-mediated vascular dysfunction in diabetic VSMCs through AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Na Xiang
- Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Li
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingqi Wang
- Biomedical R&d Center, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Tongshan District, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Lahlou RA, Carvalho F, Pereira MJ, Lopes J, Silva LR. Overview of Ethnobotanical-Pharmacological Studies Carried Out on Medicinal Plants from the Serra da Estrela Natural Park: Focus on Their Antidiabetic Potential. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:454. [PMID: 38675115 PMCID: PMC11054966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Serra da Estrela Natural Park (NPSE) in Portugal stands out as a well-preserved region abundant in medicinal plants, particularly known for their pharmaceutical applications in diabetes prevention and treatment. This comprehensive review explores these plants' botanical diversity, traditional uses, pharmacological applications, and chemical composition. The NPSE boast a rich diversity with 138 medicinal plants across 55 families identified as traditionally and pharmacologically used against diabetes globally. Notably, the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are prevalent in antidiabetic applications. In vitro studies have revealed their significant inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and certain plant co-products regulate genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion. In vivo trials have demonstrated antidiabetic effects, including glycaemia regulation, insulin secretion, antioxidant activity, and lipid profile modulation. Medicinal plants in NPSE exhibit various activities beyond antidiabetic, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and more. Chemical analyses have identified over fifty compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides responsible for their efficacy against diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of NPSE medicinal plants as antidiabetic candidates, urging further research to develop effective plant-based antidiabetic drugs, beverages, and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Filomena Carvalho
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria João Pereira
- CERENA/DER, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - João Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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Nazir A, Heryaman H, Juli C, Ugusman A, Martha JW, Moeliono MA, Atik N. Resistance Training in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review on Its Effectiveness in Controlling Risk Factors. Integr Blood Press Control 2024; 17:21-37. [PMID: 38523733 PMCID: PMC10959113 DOI: 10.2147/ibpc.s449086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), a term encompassing various disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, includes coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is primarily due to the development of atherosclerotic plaques that disrupt blood flow, oxygenation, and nutrient delivery to the myocardium. Risk factors contributing to CAD progression include smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidaemia, and obesity. While aerobic exercise (AE) has shown promising results in controlling CVD risk factors, the impact of resistance training (RT) has not been extensively investigated. This review aims to describe the effects of RT on CVD risk factors based on studies retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Both isometric and isotonic RT have been found to decrease systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, or mean arterial pressure, with SBP showing a more significant reduction. Hypertensive patients engaging in RT alongside a calorie-restricted diet demonstrated significant improvements in blood pressure. RT is associated with increased nitric oxide bioavailability, sympathetic modulation, and enhanced endothelial function. In type-2 DM patients, 8-12 weeks of RT led to improvements in fasting blood glucose levels, insulin secretion, metabolic syndrome risk, and glucose transporter numbers. Combining AE with RT had a more significant impact in reducing insulin resistance and enhancing blood glucose compared to performing exercises separately. It also significantly decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels while increasing high-density lipoprotein within 12 weeks of application. However, improvements are considered insignificant when lipid levels are already low to normal at baseline. The administration of RT resulted in weight loss and improved body mass index, with more pronounced effects seen when combining AE with RT and a calorie-restricted diet. Considering these results, the administration of RT, either alone or in combination with AE, proves beneficial in rehabilitating CAD patients by improving various risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnengsih Nazir
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
| | - Henhen Heryaman
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
| | - Cep Juli
- Department of Neurology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Januar Wibawa Martha
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
| | - Marina Annette Moeliono
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
| | - Nur Atik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, WJ, Indonesia
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12
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Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Akram Z, Naz S, Wadood A, Muhammad N, Hayat C, Al-Awthan YS, Bahattab OS. Discovery of new α-glucosides, antiglycation agent, and in silico study of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one isolated from Pistacia chinensis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27298. [PMID: 38495136 PMCID: PMC10943337 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pistacia chinensis is locally practiced for treating diabetes, pain, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction. Therefore, the current studies subjected the crude extract/fractions and the isolated compound (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one) to α-glucosidase inhibitor and anti-glycation activities. The development of long-term complications associated with diabetes is primarily caused by chronic hyperglycemia. Regarding α-glucosidase, the most significant inhibitory effect was observed with compound 1 (93.09%), followed by the methanolic extract (80.87%) with IC50 values of 45.86 and 86.32 μM. The maximum anti-glycation potential was shown by an isolated compound 1 followed by methanolic extract with effect inhibition of 90.12 and 72.09, respectively. Compound 1 is expected to have the highest gastrointestinal absorption rate, with a predicted absorption rate of 86.156%. This indicates oral suitability. The compound 1 is expected to have no harmful effects on the liver. In addition, our docking results suggest that alpha-glucosidase and isolated compounds showed strong interaction with ILE821, GLN900, and ALA901 residues, along with a -11.95 docking score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zuneera Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KPK, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan, University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Chandni Hayat
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KPK, Pakistan
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S. Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Kuzan A, Pietkiewicz J, Krzystek-Korpacka M, Gamian A. Effect of advanced glycation end-products in a wide range of medical problems including COVID-19. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:36-50. [PMID: 38335908 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a physiological process that determines the aging of the organism, while in states of metabolic disorders it is significantly intensified. High concentrations of compounds such as reducing sugars or reactive aldehydes derived from lipid oxidation, occurring for example in diabetes, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, obesity or metabolic syndrome, lead to increased glycation of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. The level of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the body depends on rapidity of their production and the rate of their removal by the urinary system. AGEs, accumulated in the extracellular matrix of the blood vessels and other organs, cause irreversible changes in the biochemical and biomechanical properties of tissues. As a consequence, micro- and macroangiopathies appear in the system, and may contribute to the organ failure, like kidneys and heart. Elevated levels of AGEs also increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and various cancers. In this paper, we propose a new classification due to modified amino acid residues: arginyl-AGEs, monolysyl-AGEs and lysyl-arginyl-AGEs and dilysyl-AGEs. Furthermore, we describe in detail the effect of AGEs on the pathogenesis of metabolic and old age diseases, such as diabetic complications, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. We summarize the currently available data on the diagnostic value of AGEs and present the AGEs as a therapeutic goal in a wide range of medical problems, including SARS-CoV-2 infection and so-called long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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14
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Shin YJ, Lee JH. Exploring the Molecular and Developmental Dynamics of Endothelial Cell Differentiation. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:15-29. [PMID: 37879853 PMCID: PMC10899884 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs) are fundamental processes with significant implications for both health and disease. ECs, which are found in all organs and blood vessels, play a crucial role in facilitating nutrient and waste exchange and maintaining proper vessel function. Understanding the intricate signaling pathways involved in EC development holds great promise for enhancing vascularization, tissue engineering, and vascular regeneration. Hematopoietic stem cells originating from hemogenic ECs, give rise to diverse immune cell populations, and the interaction between ECs and immune cells is vital for maintaining vascular integrity and regulating immune responses. Dysregulation of vascular development pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, where tumor-specific ECs promote tumor growth through angiogenesis. Recent advancements in single-cell genomics and in vivo genetic labeling have shed light on EC development, plasticity, and heterogeneity, uncovering tissue-specific gene expression and crucial signaling pathways. This review explores the potential of ECs in various applications, presenting novel opportunities for advancing vascular medicine and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jung Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Katogiannis K, Thymis J, Kousathana F, Pavlidis G, Korakas E, Kountouri A, Balampanis K, Prentza V, Kostelli G, Michalopoulou H, Tsilivarakis D, Lambadiari V, Ikonomidis I. Effects of Liraglutide, Empagliflozin and Their Combination on Left Atrial Strain and Arterial Function. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:395. [PMID: 38541121 PMCID: PMC10971983 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are cardioprotective drugs. We investigated their effects on left atrial function, a major determinant of cardiac diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also explored the association of changes in arterial stiffness with those of the LA strain after treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 patients (59.5 ± 9.1 year old, 151 male) with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin were randomized to insulin (n = 50 served as controls), liraglutide (n = 50), empagliflozin (n = 50) or their combination (liraglutide + empagliflozin) (n = 50). We measured at baseline and 6 months post-treatment: (a) left atrial and global left ventricular longitudinal strain by speckle tracking echocardiography; (b) pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure. Results: At baseline, there was a correlation of the LA reservoir strain with PWV (r = -0.209, p = 0.008), central SBP (r = -0.151, p = 0.030), EF (r = 0.214, p = 0.004) and GLS (r = -0.279, p = 0.009). The LA reservoir change 6 months post-treatment was correlated with the PWV change in all groups (r = -0.242, p = 0.028). The LA reservoir change 6 months post-treatment was correlated with the GLS change in all groups (r = -0.322, p = 0.004). Six months after intervention, patients treated with liraglutide, empagliflozin and their combination improved the left atrial reservoir strain (GLP1RA 30.7 ± 9.3 vs. 33.9 ± 9.7%, p = 0.011, SGLT2i 30 ± 8.3 vs. 32.3 ± 7.3%, p = 0.04, GLP1&SGLT2i 29.1 ± 8.7 vs. 31.3 ± 8.2, p = 0.007) compared to those treated with insulin (33 ± 8.3% vs. 32.8 ± 7.4, p = 0.829). Also, patients treated with liraglutide and the combination liraglutide and empagliflozin had improved left atrial conduction strain (p < 0.05). Empagliflozin or the combination liraglutide and empagliflozin showed a greater decrease of PWV and central and brachial systolic blood pressure than insulin or GLP-1RA. (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Impaired aortic elastic properties are associated with a decreased LA strain in type 2 diabetics. Treatment with liraglutide, empagliflozin and their combination for 6 months showed a greater improvement of left atrial function compared to insulin treatment in parallel with the improvement of arterial and myocardial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Katogiannis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
| | - John Thymis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
| | - Foteini Kousathana
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - George Pavlidis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Emmanouil Korakas
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Aikaterini Kountouri
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Konstantinos Balampanis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Vasiliki Prentza
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Gavriella Kostelli
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
| | - Helen Michalopoulou
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
| | - Damianos Tsilivarakis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (F.K.); (G.P.); (E.K.); (A.K.); (K.B.); (V.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (J.T.); (G.K.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (I.I.)
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16
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Serés-Noriega T, Perea V, Amor AJ. Screening for Subclinical Atherosclerosis and the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38398409 PMCID: PMC10889212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, which remains the leading cause of death in this population. Despite the improved control of several classic risk factors, particularly better glycaemic control, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality continue to be significantly higher than in the general population. In routine clinical practice, estimating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people with T1D using scales or equations is often imprecise because much of the evidence comes from pooled samples of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T1D or from extrapolations of studies performed on people with T2D. Given that T1D onsets at a young age, prolonged exposure to the disease and its consequences (e.g., hyperglycaemia, changes in lipid metabolism or inflammation) have a detrimental impact on cardiovascular health. Therefore, it is critical to have tools that allow for the early identification of those individuals with a higher CVR and thus be able to make the most appropriate management decisions in each case. In this sense, atherosclerosis is the prelude to most cardiovascular events. People with diabetes present pathophysiological alterations that facilitate atherosclerosis development and that may imply a greater vulnerability of atheromatous plaques. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis using various techniques, mainly imaging, has proven valuable in predicting cardiovascular events. Its use enables the reclassification of CVR and, therefore, an individualised adjustment of therapeutic management. However, the available evidence in people with T1D is scarce. This narrative review provides and updated overview of the main non-invasive tests for detecting atherosclerosis plaques and their association with CVD in people with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Amor
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Kounatidis D, Vallianou NG, Poulaki A, Evangelopoulos A, Panagopoulos F, Stratigou T, Geladari E, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. ApoB100 and Atherosclerosis: What's New in the 21st Century? Metabolites 2024; 14:123. [PMID: 38393015 PMCID: PMC10890411 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
ApoB is the main protein of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and is further divided into ApoB48 in the intestine and ApoB100 in the liver. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is produced by the liver, contains ApoB100, and is metabolized into its remnants, intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). ApoB100 has been suggested to play a crucial role in the formation of the atherogenic plaque. Apart from being a biomarker of atherosclerosis, ApoB100 seems to be implicated in the inflammatory process of atherosclerosis per se. In this review, we will focus on the structure, the metabolism, and the function of ApoB100, as well as its role as a predictor biomarker of cardiovascular risk. Moreover, we will elaborate upon the molecular mechanisms regarding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, and we will discuss the disorders associated with the APOB gene mutations, and the potential role of various drugs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kounatidis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia G Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Poulaki
- Hematology Unit, Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Geladari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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18
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Bulum T, Brkljačić N, Tičinović Ivančić A, Čavlović M, Prkačin I, Tomić M. In Association with Other Risk Factors, Smoking Is the Main Predictor for Lower Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:381. [PMID: 38397984 PMCID: PMC10886561 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD), and diabetes is the leading cause of nontraumatic amputations. This study investigated the risk factors for transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) in T2DM, a noninvasive method to quantify skin oxygenation and the underlying microvascular circulation. The study included 119 T2DM patients (91 male/28 female). TcPO2 measurements were conducted with the Tina TCM4 Series transcutaneous monitor (Radiometer, Copenhagen, Sweden) and skin electrodes. Patients with TcPO2 < 40 mmHg were younger (p = 0.001), had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.023), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (p = 0.013), fasting plasma glucose (fPG) (p = 0.038), total cholesterol (p = 0.006), LDL cholesterol (p = 0.004), and had more frequent smoking habits (p = 0.001) than those with TcPO2 ≥ 40 mmHg. The main predictors for the TcPO2 value (R2 = 0.211) obtained via stepwise regression analysis were age, smoking, SBP, HbA1c, fPG, and total and LDL cholesterol. Among all the listed predictors, smoking, HbA1c, and LDL cholesterol were found to be the most significant, with negative parameter estimates of -3.051310 (p = 0.0007), -2.032018 (p = 0.0003), and -2.560353 (p = 0.0046). The results of our study suggest that in association with other risk factors, smoking is the main predictor for lower TcPO2 in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Bulum
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neva Brkljačić
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Maja Čavlović
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ingrid Prkačin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Tomić
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Guo J, Li C, Wang L. The value of different doses of statins in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2024; 76:119-121. [PMID: 37255392 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.23.07280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Guo
- Department of Medicine, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Jiangdu People's Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Zhejiang Youth Hospital, Hangzhou, China -
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20
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Choi HN, Kim JI. Daraesoon (shoot of hardy kiwi) mitigates hyperglycemia in db/db mice by alleviating insulin resistance and inflammation. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:88-97. [PMID: 38352218 PMCID: PMC10861346 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Mitigating insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is associated with a decreased risk of diabetic complications. The effect of Daraesoon (shoot of hardy kiwi, Actinidia arguta) on hyperglycemia was investigated using a type 2 diabetes animal model. MATERIALS/METHODS Seven-week-old db/db mice were fed either an AIN-93G diet or a diet containing 0.4% of a 70% ethanol extract of Daraesoon, whereas db/+ mice were fed the AIN-93G diet for 7 weeks. RESULTS Consumption of Daraesoon significantly reduced serum glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels, along with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in db/db mice. Conversely, Daraesoon elevated the serum adiponectin levels compared to the db/db control group. Furthermore, Daraesoon significantly decreased both serum and hepatic triglyceride levels, as well as serum total cholesterol levels. Additionally, consumption of Daraesoon resulted in decreased hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that hypoglycemic effect of Daraesoon is mediated through the improvement of insulin resistance and the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Neul Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea
| | - Jung-In Kim
- Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
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21
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Kulovic-Sissawo A, Tocantins C, Diniz MS, Weiss E, Steiner A, Tokic S, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Pereira SP, Hiden U. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Unraveling Insights from Vascular Endothelial Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:70. [PMID: 38392289 PMCID: PMC10886154 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with several lifestyle-related diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and it contributes significantly to the global health burden. Recent research indicates a link between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial dysfunction. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into the vessel wall to maintain appropriate endothelial function, repair, and angiogenesis. After attachment, EPCs differentiate into mature endothelial cells (ECs). Like ECs, EPCs are also susceptible to CVRFs, including metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction of EPCs may have long-term effects on the function of the mature ECs into which EPCs differentiate, particularly in the presence of endothelial damage. However, a link between CVRFs and impaired mitochondrial function in EPCs has hardly been investigated. In this review, we aim to consolidate existing knowledge on the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in the vascular endothelium, place it in the context of recent studies investigating the consequences of CVRFs on EPCs, and discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in EPC deterioration in relation to CVRFs and address potential therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondrial health to promote endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kulovic-Sissawo
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Weiss
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Steiner
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvija Tokic
- Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
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22
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Pedreanez A, Robalino J, Tene D, Salazar P. Advanced glycation end products of dietary origin and their association with inflammation in diabetes - A minireview. Endocr Regul 2024; 58:57-67. [PMID: 38563294 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a diverse group of compounds that are formed as a result of the non-enzymatic reaction between a reducing sugar such as glucose and the free NH2 groups of an amino acid in a protein or other biomolecule. The chemical reaction, by which these products are generated, is known as the Maillard reaction and occurs as a part of the body's normal metabolism. Such a reaction is enhanced during diabetes due to hyperglycemia, but it can also occur during the preparation, processing, and preservation of certain foods. Therefore, AGEs can also be obtained from the diet (d-AGE) and contribute to an increase of the total serum pool of these compounds. They have been implicated in a wide variety of pathological processes, mainly because of their ability to induce inflammatory responses and oxidative stress increase. They are extensively accumulated as a part of the normal aging, especially in tissues rich in long half-life proteins, which can compromise the physiology of these tissues. d-AGEs are abundant in diets rich in processed fats and sugars. This review is addressed to the current knowledge on these products and their impact on the immunomodulation of various mechanisms that may contribute to exacerbation of the diabetes pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pedreanez
- Catedra de Inmunologia, Escuela de Bioanalisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Diego Tene
- Universidad Nacional del Chimborazo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Patricio Salazar
- Departamento de Nutricion Clinica, Hospital General Santo Domingo, Ecuador
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23
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Zhang Y, Xia Z, Cai X, Su X, Jin A, Mei L, Jing J, Wang S, Meng X, Li S, Wang M, Wei T, Wang Y, He Y, Pan Y. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with systemic atherosclerosis: a community-based cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:342. [PMID: 38093371 PMCID: PMC10720122 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are limited on the association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with systemic atherosclerosis. This study aimed to examine the relationship between MAFLD and the extent of atherosclerotic plaques and stenosis, and presence of polyvascular disease (PolyVD). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, MAFLD was diagnosed based on the presence of metabolic dysfunction (MD) and fatty liver disease (FLD). MAFLD was divided into three subtypes: MAFLD with diabetes mellitus (DM), MAFLD with overweight or obesity (OW), as well as MAFLD with lean/normal weight and at least two metabolic abnormalities. Atherosclerosis was evaluated, with vascular magnetic resonance imaging for intracranial and extracranial arteries, thoracoabdominal computed tomography angiography for coronary, subclavian, aorta, renal, iliofemoral arteries, and ankle-brachial index for peripheral arteries. The extent of plaques and stenosis was defined according to the number of these eight vascular sites affected. PolyVD was defined as the presence of stenosis in at least two vascular sites. RESULTS This study included 3047 participants, with the mean age of 61.2 ± 6.7 years and 46.6% of male (n = 1420). After adjusting for potential confounders, MAFLD was associated with higher extent of plaques (cOR, 2.14, 95% CI 1.85-2.48) and stenosis (cOR, 1.47, 95% CI 1.26-1.71), and higher odds of presence of PolyVD (OR, 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.94) as compared with Non-MAFLD. In addition, DM-MAFLD and OW-MAFLD were associated with the extent of atherosclerotic plaques and stenosis, and presence of PolyVD (All P < 0.05). However, lean-MAFLD was only associated with the extent of atherosclerotic plaques (cOR, 1.63, 95% CI 1.14-2.34). As one component of MAFLD, FLD per se was associated with the extent of plaques and stenosis in participants with MAFLD. Furthermore, FLD interacted with MD to increase the odds of presence of systemic atherosclerosis (P for interaction ≤ 0.055). CONCLUSIONS MAFLD and its subtypes of DM-MAFLD and OW-MAFLD were associated with the extent of atherosclerotic plaques and stenosis, and presence of PolyVD. This study implicated that FLD might be a potential target of intervention for reducing the deleterious effects of MAFLD on systemic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lerong Mei
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Suying Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Li
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Mengxing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tiemin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuesong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119, South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Mehri S, Chaaba R, Finsterer J, Khamlaoui W, Hammami S, Hammami M. Relevance of oxidative stress biomarkers, hemoglobin A1c, troponin-I, and angiotensin-converting enzyme metabolism to blood pressure in acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2209360. [PMID: 37191198 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2209360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate this relationship by calculating 1) the correlation between peak troponin-C (peak-cTnI), levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CD)), and antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), and HbA1c and 2) the correlation between HbA1c and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and its impact on the rate pressure product (RPP) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A case-control study was performed in 306 AMI patients having undergone coronary angiography and on 410 controls. GPx activity was reduced in association with increased MDA and CD in patients. Peak-cTnI was positively correlated with HbA1c, MDA, and CD levels. Serum ACE activity was negatively correlated with GPx. HbA1c was positively correlated with ACE activity and RPP. Linear regression analysis showed that peak-cTnI, ACE activity and HbA1c are significant predictors of AMI. Elevated HbA1c and peak-cTnI levels are associated with RPP elevation causing AMI. In conclusions, patients with elevated HbA1c, elevated ACE activity and cTnI are at increased risk of AMI with increasing RPP. Patients at risk of AMI can be identified at an early stage if the biomarkers HbA1c, ACE activity, and cTnI are measured and preventive measures are taken in a targeted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounira Mehri
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Raja Chaaba
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Wided Khamlaoui
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU F. Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods, and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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25
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Benítez-Camacho J, Ballesteros A, Beltrán-Camacho L, Rojas-Torres M, Rosal-Vela A, Jimenez-Palomares M, Sanchez-Gomar I, Durán-Ruiz MC. Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:324. [PMID: 37950274 PMCID: PMC10636846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose which can also lead to the so-called diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), responsible for most of the morbidity, hospitalizations and death registered in these patients. Currently, different approaches to prevent or reduce DM and its DVCs have focused on reducing blood sugar levels, cholesterol management or even changes in lifestyle habits. However, even the strictest glycaemic control strategies are not always sufficient to prevent the development of DVCs, which reflects the need to identify reliable biomarkers capable of predicting further vascular complications in diabetic patients. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), widely known for their potential applications in cell therapy due to their regenerative properties, may be used as differential markers in DVCs, considering that the number and functionality of these cells are affected under the pathological environments related to DM. Besides, drugs commonly used with DM patients may influence the level or behaviour of EPCs as a pleiotropic effect that could finally be decisive in the prognosis of the disease. In the current review, we have analysed the relationship between diabetes and DVCs, focusing on the potential use of EPCs as biomarkers of diabetes progression towards the development of major vascular complications. Moreover, the effects of different drugs on the number and function of EPCs have been also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Benítez-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Ballesteros
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, Córdoba University, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jimenez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sanchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
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26
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Pham PT, Bavuu O, Kim‐Kaneyama J, Lei X, Yamamoto T, Otsuka K, Suto K, Kusunose K, Yagi S, Yamada H, Soeki T, Shimabukuro M, Barber GN, Sata M, Fukuda D. Innate Immune System Regulated by Stimulator of Interferon Genes, a Cytosolic DNA Sensor, Regulates Endothelial Function. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030084. [PMID: 37947148 PMCID: PMC10727293 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Sterile inflammation caused by metabolic disorders impairs endothelial function; however, the underlying mechanism by which hyperglycemia induces inflammation remains obscure. Recent studies have suggested that stimulator of interferon genes (STING), a key cytosolic DNA sensor in the innate immune system, contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. This study examines the role of the STING in endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Methods and Results Injection of streptozotocin promoted the expression of STING and DNA damage markers in the aorta of wild-type mice. Streptozotocin elevated blood glucose and lipid levels in both wild-type and STING-deficient mice, which showed no statistical differences. Genetic deletion of STING ameliorated endothelial dysfunction as determined by the vascular relaxation in response to acetylcholine (P<0.001) and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in the aorta (P<0.05) in STZ-injected mice. Endothelium-independent vascular response to sodium nitroprusside did not differ. Treatment with a direct STING agonist, cyclic GMP-AMP, or mitochondrial DNA increased inflammatory molecule expression (eg, VCAM1 and IFNB) and decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, partially through the STING pathway. Cyclic GMP-AMP significantly impaired endothelial function of aortic segments obtained from wild-type mice, which was ameliorated in the presence of C-176, a STING inhibitor, or a neutralizing interferon-β antibody. Furthermore, the administration of C-176 ameliorated endothelial dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic mice (P<0.01). Conclusions The DNA damage response regulated by STING impairs endothelial function. STING signaling may be a potential therapeutic target of endothelial dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Tran Pham
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Oyunbileg Bavuu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | | | - Xiao‐Feng Lei
- Department of BiochemistryShowa University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Otsuka
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Kumiko Suto
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology, and Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawaJapan
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for CardiologyTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical ScienceTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Glen N. Barber
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushimaJapan
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
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27
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Owaki R, Aoki H, Toriuchi K, Inoue Y, Hayashi H, Takeshita S, Kakita H, Yamada Y, Aoyama M. AMPK activators suppress cholesterol accumulation in macrophages via suppression of the mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113784. [PMID: 37730144 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a persistent inflammatory state that contributes significantly to cardiovascular disease, a primary cause of mortality worldwide. Enhanced lipid uptake by macrophages and their transformation into foam cells play a key role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies using in vivo mouse models indicated that activation of AMPK has anti-atherosclerotic effects by upregulating the expression of cholesterol efflux transporters in foam cells and promoting cholesterol efflux. However, the pathway downstream of AMPK that contributes to elevated expression of cholesterol efflux transporters remains unclear. In this study, we found that activation of AMPK by AICAR and metformin inhibits foam cell formation via suppression of mTOR in macrophages. Specifically, activation of AMPK indirectly reduced the phosphorylation level of mTOR at Ser2448 and promoted the expression of cholesterol efflux transporters and cholesterol efflux. These inhibitory effects on foam cell formation were counteracted by mTOR activators. Metformin, a more nonspecific AMPK activator than AICAR, appears to inhibit foam cell formation via anti-inflammatory effects in addition to suppression of the mTOR pathway. The results of this study suggest that the development of new drugs targeting AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition may lead to beneficial results in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Owaki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kohki Toriuchi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Inoue
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeshita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan; Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kakita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan; Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Yamada
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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28
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Zhang X, Sun J, Wang J, Meng T, Yang J, Zhou Y. The role of ferroptosis in diabetic cardiovascular diseases and the intervention of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1286718. [PMID: 37954843 PMCID: PMC10637571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1286718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), encompassing ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure, among others, are the most prevalent complications of diabetes and the leading cause of mortality in patients with diabetes. Cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs. As research progresses, accumulating evidence also suggests the involvement of ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death, in the pathogenesis of CVDs. Ferroptosis, characterised by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which culminates in membrane rupture, may present new therapeutic targets for diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Current treatments for CVDs, such as antihypertensive, anticoagulant, lipid-lowering, and plaque-stabilising drugs, may cause severe side effects with long-term use. Traditional Chinese medicine, with its broad range of activities and minimal side effects, is widely used in China. Numerous studies have shown that active components of Chinese medicine, such as alkaloids, polyphenols, and saponins, can prevent CVDs by regulating ferroptosis. This review summarises the recent findings on the regulatory mechanisms of active components of Chinese medicine against ferroptosis in CVDs, aiming to provide new directions and a scientific basis for targeting ferroptosis for the prevention and treatment of diabetic CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Zhang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hanan Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianwei Meng
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianfei Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yabin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Szymańska P, Luzak B, Siarkiewicz P, Golański J. Platelets as Potential Non-Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factor-Analysis Performed in Healthy Donors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14914. [PMID: 37834362 PMCID: PMC10573668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lipid profile, increased glucose level, and elevated body weight are traditional cardiometabolic risk factors; however, the role of platelets in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly being highlighted. The aim of this study was to select platelet-related parameters (non-genetic molecular and routine laboratory measurements) that may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk among healthy populations. We evaluated the level of platelet indices, platelet-based inflammatory markers, platelet reactivity parameters, and platelet reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in relation to selected cardiometabolic risk factors. We noted the association between total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol with platelet aggregation and platelet ROS generation. We found the relationship between triglycerides, glucose, and body mass index with the relatively new multi-inflammatory indices (MII-1 and MII-3). Moreover, we noticed that the mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio in healthy subjects is not a good source of information about platelets and inflammation. We also highlighted that platelet-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio may be a promising prognostic cardiometabolic indicator. The association between platelet-related (especially molecular) and cardiometabolic parameters requires further research. However, the goal of this study was to shed light on the consideration of platelets as a non-traditional cardiovascular risk factor and a crucial element in identifying individuals at high-risk of developing CVD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Szymańska
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Bogusława Luzak
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Przemysław Siarkiewicz
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Golański
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.S.); (B.L.)
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You Q, Shao X, Wang J, Chen X. Progress on Physical Field-Regulated Micro/Nanomotors for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Treatment. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300426. [PMID: 37391275 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) are two major vasculature-related diseases that seriously affect public health worldwide, which can cause serious death and disability. Lack of targeting effect of the traditional CCVD treatment drugs may damage other tissues and organs, thus more specific methods are needed to solve this dilemma. Micro/nanomotors are new materials that can convert external energy into driving force for autonomous movement, which can not only enhance the penetration depth and retention rates, but also increase the contact areas with the lesion sites (such as thrombus and inflammation sites of blood vessels). Physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors using the physical energy sources with deep tissue penetration and controllable performance, such as magnetic field, light, and ultrasound, etc. are considered as the emerging patient-friendly and effective therapeutic tools to overcome the limitations of conventional CCVD treatments. Recent efforts have suggested that physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors on CCVD treatments could simultaneously provide efficient therapeutic effect and intelligent control. In this review, various physical field-driven micro/nanomotors are mainly introduced and their latest advances for CCVDs are highlighted. Last, the remaining challenges and future perspectives regarding the physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors for CCVD treatments are discussed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Xinyue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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Liang Y, Zhou R, Chen H, Cao B, Fan W, Liu K, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Wu X, Zou M. Associations of blood biomarkers with arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes mellitus: A population-based study. J Diabetes 2023; 15:853-865. [PMID: 37329140 PMCID: PMC10590681 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness contributes to additional cardiovascular risks in diabetic patients by triggering the loss of vascular and myocardial compliance and promoting endothelial dysfunction. Thus, prevention of arterial stiffness is a public health priority, and the identification of potential biomarkers may provide benefits for early prevention. This study investigates the relationships between serum laboratory tests and pulse wave velocity (PWV) tests. We also investigated the associations between PWV and all-cause mortality. METHODS We examined a panel of 33 blood biomarkers among diabetic populations in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. The carotid-femoral (cfPWV) and femoral-ankle PWV (faPWV) were measured using an automated cardiovascular screening device. The aortic-femoral arterial stiffness gradient (afSG) was calculated as faPWV divided by cfPWV. Biomarker levels were log-transformed and correlated with PWV. Cox proportional hazard models were employed for survival analysis. RESULTS Among 1079 diabetic patients, biomarkers including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin, high-sensitivity troponin T, cystatin C, creatinine, and albuminuria were significantly correlated with afSG (R = 0.078, -0.193, -0.155, -0.153, -0.116, and -0.137, respectively) and cfPWV (R = -0.068, 0.175, 0.128, 0.066, 0.202, and 0.062, respectively). Compared with the lowest tertile of afSG, the risk of all-cause mortality was lower in the highest tertile (hazard ratio 0.543; 95% confidence interval 0.328-0.900). CONCLUSION Certain biomarkers related to blood glucose monitoring, myocardial injury, and renal function significantly correlated with PWV, suggesting that these putative risk factors are likely to be important atherosclerosis mechanisms in diabetic patients. AfSG may be an independent predictor of mortality among diabetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐Qi Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao‐Wen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bi‐Fei Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Dong Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Ning Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xian‐Bo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Meng‐Chen Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Wong ND, Sattar N. Cardiovascular risk in diabetes mellitus: epidemiology, assessment and prevention. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:685-695. [PMID: 37193856 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secular changes in CVD outcomes have occurred over the past few decades, mainly due to a decline in the incidence of ischaemic heart disease. The onset of T2DM at a young age (<40 years), leading to a greater number of life-years lost, has also become increasingly common. Researchers are now looking beyond established risk factors in patients with T2DM towards the role of ectopic fat and, potentially, haemodynamic abnormalities in mediating important outcomes (such as heart failure). T2DM confers a wide spectrum of risk and is not necessarily a CVD risk equivalent, indicating the importance of risk assessment strategies (such as global risk scoring, consideration of risk-enhancing factors and assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis) to inform treatment. Data from epidemiological studies and clinical trials demonstrate that successful control of multiple risk factors can reduce the risk of CVD events by ≥50%; however, only ≤20% of patients achieve targets for risk factor reduction (plasma lipid levels, blood pressure, glycaemic control, body weight and non-smoking status). Improvements in composite risk factor control with lifestyle management (including a greater emphasis on weight loss interventions) and evidence-based generic and novel pharmacological therapies are therefore needed when the risk of CVD is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Gourdy P, Schiele F, Halimi JM, Kownator S, Hadjadj S, Valensi P. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk stratification and management in type 2 diabetes: review of recent evidence-based guidelines. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1227769. [PMID: 37829695 PMCID: PMC10566622 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1227769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accordingly, several scientific societies have released clinical practice guidelines to assist health professionals in ASCVD risk management in patients with T2DM. However, some recommendations differ from each other, contributing to uncertainty about the optimal clinical management of patients with T2DM and established ASCVD or at high risk for ASCVD. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to discuss recent evidence-based guidelines on ASCVD risk stratification and prevention in patients with T2DM, in terms of disparities and similarities. To close the gap between different guidelines, a multidisciplinary approach involving general practitioners, endocrinologists, and cardiologists may enhance the coordination of diagnosis, therapy, and long-term follow-up of ASCVD in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gourdy
- Diabetology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, UMR1297 INSERM/UT3, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - François Schiele
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France
- EA3920, University of Franche-Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- Néphrologie-Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France
- EA4245, University of Tours, Tours, France
- Investigation Network Initiative Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (INI-CRCT), Nancy, France
| | | | - Samy Hadjadj
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Valensi
- Unit of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, AP-HP, Jean Verdier Hospital, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
- Polyclinique D'Aubervilliers, Aubervilliers, France
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Xu X, Xie Y, Gu X, Zhou Y, Kang Y, Liu J, Lai W, Lu H, Chen S, Xu JY, Lin F, Liu Y. Association Between Systemic Immune Inflammation Level and Poor Prognosis Across Different Glucose Metabolism Status in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4031-4042. [PMID: 37719940 PMCID: PMC10505030 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s425189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood glucose levels significantly affect the clinical prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and systemic immune inflammation is a common risk factor for both CAD and diabetes. However, the relationship between immune inflammation levels and poor prognosis in patients with CAD with different glucose metabolic statuses remains unclear. Methods Between January 2007 and December 2020, we recruited 84,645 patients with CAD. The systemic immune inflammation index (SII) was used to comprehensively reflect the immune and inflammatory levels of patients and was calculated using the following formula: neutrophils × platelets/lymphocytes. The patients were classified into nine groups according to their glucose metabolism status (diabetes mellitus [DM], pre-diabetes mellitus [pre-DM], and normal glucose regulation [NGR]). Cox regression models and competing risk Fine and Gray models were used to investigate the association between SII and clinical outcomes. Results During the follow-up period, 12,578 patients died, including 5857 cardiovascular-related and 1251 cancer-related deaths. The risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality increased with increasing SII tertiles in CAD patients with NGR, pre-DM, and DM. When considering glucose metabolism status, the multivariate cox regression revealed that CAD patients with DM and SII-H levels had the highest risk of all-cause mortality (1.69 [1.56-1.83]), cardiovascular mortality (2.29 [2.02-2.59]), and cancer mortality (1.29 [1.01-1.66]). Moreover, incorporating the SII into traditional risk factor models significantly improved the C-index for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion Systemic immune inflammation levels on admission were correlated with a higher risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with CAD, particularly in those with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayan Xu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Imaging Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenguang Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-yan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Lin
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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Yuan P, Sun T, Han Z, Chen Y. Identifying potential cross-talk signatures for the occurrence of atherosclerosis in diabetic erectile dysfunction. Andrology 2023; 11:1031-1043. [PMID: 36542411 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction and atherosclerosis are common cardiovascular complications in diseases. Clinical associations between erectile dysfunction and atherosclerosis have been noticed, but the specific mechanisms are not illustrated adequately. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to further mine associated pathological mechanisms and genetic alterations of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Significant atherosclerosis-related genes were identified from transcriptome data of diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction and atherosclerosis-related gene sets from DisGeNET and GeneCard databases. Functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses were performed to clarify the biological roles and pathways as well as immune responses of significant atherosclerosis-related gene sets. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and gene clusters were performed. Then, data of diabetic plaques and high-glucose cavernosum endothelial cells were analyzed for validation. And hub atherosclerosis-related gene sets were identified. Finally, expressed pattern of hub atherosclerosis-related gene sets were explored by single-cell profiling and immune analysis. RESULTS In total, 202 significant atherosclerosis-related gene sets including 100 upregulated and 102 downregulated genes were identified. These genes were related to endothelial cell migration, inflammatory response, regulation of oxidative stress, and immune response. In immune infiltration, immature dendritic cells and monocytes showed differential expression between the diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction and control groups, A protein-protein interaction network containing 135 nodes was constructed. A hub atherosclerosis-related gene set signature consisting of HBEGF, LOX, NQO1, and VLDLR was obtained by multi-omics validation. In addition, Functional enrichment analysis revealed that hub atherosclerosis-related gene sets were involved in oxidoreductase activity and extracellular matrix organization. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We explored atherosclerosis-related genetic changes and signaling pathways in diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction. HBEGF, LOX, NQO1, and VLDLR were identified as hub atherosclerosis-related gene sets. These may serve as potential biomarkers for the clinical management of atherosclerosis and preventing further cardiovascular risks in diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Yuan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Taotao Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhengyang Han
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yinwei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Sundararajan S, Jayachandran I, Pandey GK, Venkatesan S, Rajagopal A, Gokulakrishnan K, Balasubramanyam M, Mohan V, Manickam N. Metformin Reduces the Progression of Atherogenesis by Regulating the Sestrin2-mTOR Pathway in Obese and Diabetic Rats. J Lipid Atheroscler 2023; 12:290-306. [PMID: 37800110 PMCID: PMC10548184 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2023.12.3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In previous research, we found that Sestrin2 has a strong association with plasma atherogenicity and combats the progression of atherogenesis by regulating the AMPK-mTOR pathway. Metformin, an activator of AMPK, is widely used as a first-line therapy for diabetes, but its role in preventing atherosclerosis and cardiac outcomes is unclear. Hence, we aimed to assess the effect of metformin on preventing atherosclerosis and its regulatory role in the Sestrin2-AMPK -mTOR pathway in obese/diabetic rats. Methods Animals were fed a high-fat diet to induce obesity, administered streptozotocin to induce diabetes, and then treated with metformin (150 mg/kg body weight) for 14 weeks. Aorta and heart tissues were analyzed for Sestrin2 status by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, AMPK and mTOR activities were investigated using western blotting, and atherogenicity-related events were evaluated using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histology. Results Obese and diabetic rats showed significant decrease in Sestrin2 levels and AMPK activity, accompanied by increased mTOR activity in the heart and aorta tissues. Metformin treatment significantly restored Sestrin2 and AMPK levels, reduced mTOR activity, and restored the altered expression of inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in obese and diabetic rats to normal levels. A histological analysis of samples from obese and diabetic rats showed atherosclerotic lesions both in aorta and heart tissues. The metformin-treated rats showed a decrease in atherosclerotic lesions, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiomyocyte degeneration. Conclusion This study presents further insights into the beneficial effects of metformin and its protective role against atherosclerosis through regulation of the Sestrin2-AMPK-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanakumar Sundararajan
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Isaivani Jayachandran
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, India
| | - Gautam Kumar Pandey
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Saravanakumar Venkatesan
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Anusha Rajagopal
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Kuppan Gokulakrishnan
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, India
| | - Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Nagaraj Manickam
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai, India
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Lu C, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Liver Fibrosis Scores and Coronary Artery Disease: Novel Findings in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2627-2637. [PMID: 37663203 PMCID: PMC10474841 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s426102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a recently proposed term as a more appropriate definition for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous studies have shown an association between liver fibrosis scores and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between liver fibrosis scores and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in patients with MAFLD. Methods This study was conducted on 1346 patients with MAFLD at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University between January 2018 and December 2021. We calculated the liver fibrosis scores, including the fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) score, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI). We divided the participants into three groups based on the degree of coronary artery stenosis assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA): CAD (≥50%), non-obstructive (1-49%), and normal (no stenosis). Results An increased FIB-4 score and NFS were significantly associated with CAD severity in patients with MAFLD. The percentage of patients with a high FIB-4 score was higher in the CAD group than in the other two groups (5.80%, 4.31%, and 2.24%, respectively; p<0.001), as was the percentage of patients with NFS (11.12%, 5.19%, and 0.93%, respectively; p<0.001). Carotid atherosclerosis, creatinine levels, and CAC scores were significant predictors of CAD. The FIB-4 score and NFS were independently associated with CAD even after adjusting for sex and well-known cardiovascular risk factors. The APRI was not a significant factor for CAD in any model. In the bivariate correlation analysis, the FIB-4 score and NFS were directly correlated with CAC scores. Conclusion Non-invasive liver fibrosis scores (FIB-4 and NFS) were significantly associated with the CAD severity and CAC scores in patients with MAFLD. Screening for CAD may be beneficial for subjects with high liver fibrosis risk MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
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Poledniczek M, Neumayer C, Kopp CW, Schlager O, Gremmel T, Jozkowicz A, Gschwandtner ME, Koppensteiner R, Wadowski PP. Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease-Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2284. [PMID: 37626780 PMCID: PMC10452462 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammatory pathways also contributing to pro-coagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and macrovasculature with a focus on peripheral artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Poledniczek
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christoph W. Kopp
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Oliver Schlager
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Thomas Gremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Gänserndorf, 2130 Mistelbach, Austria;
- Institute of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Interventional Cardiology, Karl Landsteiner Society, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Michael E. Gschwandtner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Patricia P. Wadowski
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
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Skipina TM, Upadhya B, Soliman EZ. Cannabis Use Is Associated with Prevalent Angina in Individuals with Diabetes. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:679-683. [PMID: 35767774 PMCID: PMC10442682 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Observational studies have reported associations between cannabis use and coronary heart disease. Since diabetes is a coronary heart disease equivalent, we hypothesized that cannabis use would be associated with prevalent angina among individuals with diabetes. Methods: This analysis included 1314 participants with diabetes (age 47.4±9.0 years, 49.5% male, 28.3% Caucasians) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey years 2011-2018. Cannabis use was self-reported. Prevalent angina was defined by self-reported physician diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between prevalent angina and cannabis use. Results: Approximately 3.3% (n=43) of participants had prevalent angina and 45.7% (n=601) were ever cannabis users. After adjustment, ever cannabis users did not have significantly increased odds of prevalent angina compared with never users (odds ratio: 3.29, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.88-12.22, p=0.08). However, those who had used cannabis at least once per month for at least 1 year had greater than fivefold increased odds of prevalent angina (odds ratio: 5.73, 95% CI: 1.26-26.04, p=0.03). Current cannabis users had greater than fivefold increased odds of prevalent angina (odds ratio: 5.35, 95% CI: 1.26-22.70, p=0.03), with a dose-response increase based on level of use. Effect modification was present among those with history of cocaine use (interaction p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Among individuals with diabetes, cannabis use is associated with prevalent angina with apparent dose response. This finding supports emerging evidence that cannabis may have negative cardiovascular (CV) health effects, and an individualized CV risk assessment should be pursued among those with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis M. Skipina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bharathi Upadhya
- Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elsayed Z. Soliman
- Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Zhou Y, Liu H, Yang H, Zhao X, Jiao Y. The Value of the Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A1 Ratio in Predicting the Rapid Progression of Non-Culprit Coronary Lesions in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Int Heart J 2023; 64:562-569. [PMID: 37460319 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the predictive value of the apolipoprotein B (ApoB) /apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) for the rapid progression (RP) of non-culprit coronary lesions (NCCLs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and observe the effect of the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio on major adverse cardiac events (MACE).A total of 175 patients with DM presenting with ACS who received a PCI and an average 13-month follow-up coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled from January 2015 to December 2020. According to the CAG, the patients were divided into the RP group and the non-RP group. MACE was defined as a composite of death from cardiac causes, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, or rehospitalization from unstable or progressive angina at the end of a 24-month follow-up.The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, and LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio levels at baseline were significantly higher in the RP group than in the non-RP group. The ApoA1 level at baseline in the non-RP group was significantly higher than in the RP group. The predictive significance of the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.712) for the RP of NCCLs was significantly higher than those of ApoA1, ApoB, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (AUC = 0.628, AUC = 0.640, and AUC = 0.620, respectively). A higher ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the RP of NCCLs were significantly associated with the occurrence of MACE.The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was an effective clinical indicator for the RP of NCCLs after PCI in patients with DM presenting with ACS. The high ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the RP of NCCLs were two risks for MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University
| | - Haiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital
| | - Hongfei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University
| | - Yungen Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University
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Tang L, Xiao M, Cai S, Mou H, Li D. Potential Application of Marine Fucosyl-Polysaccharides in Regulating Blood Glucose and Hyperglycemic Complications. Foods 2023; 12:2600. [PMID: 37444337 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the world's third major disease after tumors and cardiovascular disease. With the exploitation of marine biological resources, the efficacy of using polysaccharides isolated from marine organisms in blood glucose regulation has received widespread attention. Some marine polysaccharides can reduce blood glucose by inhibiting digestive enzyme activity, eliminating insulin resistance, and regulating gut microbiota. These polysaccharides are mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides from algae and sea cucumbers. It follows that the hypoglycemic activity of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides is closely related to their structure, such as their sulfate group, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and glycosidic bond type. However, the structure of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and the mechanism of their hypoglycemic activity are not yet clear. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the effects of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides sources, mechanisms and the structure-activity relationship on hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, the potential regulatory effects of fucosyl-polysaccharides on vascular complications caused by hyperglycemia are also summarized in this review. This review provides rationales for the activity study of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and new insights into the high-value utilization of marine biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shenyuan Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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Amalia M, Puteri MU, Saputri FC, Sauriasari R, Widyantoro B. Platelet Glycoprotein-Ib (GPIb) May Serve as a Bridge between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Atherosclerosis, Making It a Potential Target for Antiplatelet Agents in T2DM Patients. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1473. [PMID: 37511848 PMCID: PMC10381765 DOI: 10.3390/life13071473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic condition that contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have provided evidence that individuals with T2DM are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, typically two to four times more likely than those without T2DM, mainly due to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque leading to pathological thrombosis is commonly recognized as a significant factor in advancing cardiovascular diseases caused by TD2M, with platelets inducing the impact of plaque rupture in established atherosclerosis and predisposing to the primary expansion of atherosclerosis. Studies suggest that individuals with T2DM have platelets that display higher baseline activation and reactivity than those without the condition. The expression enhancement of several platelet receptors is known to regulate platelet activation signaling, including platelet glycoprotein-Ib (GPIb). Furthermore, the high expression of platelet GP1b has been reported to increase the risk of platelet adhesion, platelet-leucocyte interaction, and thrombo-inflammatory pathology. However, the study exploring the role of GP1b in promoting platelet activation-induced cardiovascular diseases in T2DM patients is still limited. Therefore, we summarize the important findings regarding pathophysiological continuity between T2DM, platelet GPIb, and atherosclerosis and highlight the potential therapy targeting GPIb as a novel antiplatelet agent for preventing further cardiovascular incidents in TD2M patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttia Amalia
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Meidi Utami Puteri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Fadlina Chany Saputri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Rani Sauriasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Widyantoro
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 11420, Indonesia
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Nakamura T, Tsujimoto T, Yasuda K, Ueki K, Kajio H. Continuous low serum levels of advanced glycation end products and low risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:147. [PMID: 37353776 PMCID: PMC10290294 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular events. Previous studies have reported that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were related to cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes. However, data on associations between long-term AGEs and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes are lacking. This study aimed to determine whether a long-time shift in the levels of serum AGEs is associated with cardiovascular events in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. METHODS Two-time serum methyl-glyoxal-hydroimidazoline (MG-H1) levels were measured in 138 patients with type 2 diabetes whose mean glycated hemoglobin level was 10.1%. We categorized patients whose serum MG-H1 levels were < 2.8 µg/mL at both times as the continuous low MG-H1 group. The primary endpoints of this study were combined cardiovascular events, which were defined as heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, and all-cause death. Hazard ratios (HRs) for combined cardiovascular events with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard models to compare the outcomes between the continuous low MG-H1 group and others. RESULTS The continuous low MG-H1 group was associated with a significantly lower risk than others in combined cardiovascular events after adjusting for possible confounders (HR: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.28-0.87; P = 0.02). Furthermore, the same relationship was observed in patients without a history of cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS Continuous low serum MG-H1 levels are associated with a low frequency of diabetes-related complications in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Nakamura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Tsujimoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Yasuda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajio
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
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Afolabi OB, Olasehinde OR, Olanipon DG, Mabayoje SO, Familua OM, Jaiyesimi KF, Agboola EK, Idowu TO, Obafemi OT, Olaoye OA, Oloyede OI. Antioxidant evaluation and computational prediction of prospective drug-like compounds from polyphenolic-rich extract of Hibiscus cannabinus L. seed as antidiabetic and neuroprotective targets: assessment through in vitro and in silico studies. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:203. [PMID: 37337198 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports have implicated diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as some of the global persistent health challenges with no lasting solutions, despite of significant inputs of modern-day pharmaceutical firms. This study therefore, aimed to appraise the in vitro antioxidant potential, enzymes inhibitory activities, and as well carry out in silico study on bioactive compounds from polyphenolic-rich extract of Hibiscus cannabinus seed (PEHc). METHODS In vitro antioxidant assays were performed on PEHc using standard methods while the identification of phytoconstituents was carried out with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For the in silico molecular docking using Schrodinger's Grid-based ligand docking with energetics software, seven target proteins were retrieved from the database ( https://www.rcsb.org/ ). RESULTS HPLC technique identified twelve chemical compounds in PEHc, while antioxidant quantification revealed higher total phenolic contents (243.5 ± 0.71 mg GAE/g) than total flavonoid contents (54.06 ± 0.09 mg QE/g) with a significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of ABTS (IC50 = 218.30 ± 0.87 µg/ml) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals (IC50 = 227.79 ± 0.74 µg/ml). In a similar manner, the extract demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 256.88 ± 6.15 µg/ml) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 183.19 ± 0.23 µg/ml) as well as acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 262.95 ± 1.47 µg/ml) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 189.97 ± 0.82 µg/ml), respectively. Furthermore, In silico study showed that hibiscetin (a lead) revealed a very strong binding affinity energies for DPP-4, (PDB ID: 1RWQ) and α-amylase (PDB ID: 1SMD), gamma-tocopherol ( for peptide-1 receptor; PDB ID: 3C59, AChE; PDB ID: 4EY7 and BChE; PDB ID: 7B04), cianidanol for α-glucosidase; PDB ID: 7KBJ and kaempferol for Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1); PDB ID: 6BHV, respectively. More so, ADMET scores revealed drug-like potentials of the lead compounds identified in PEHc. CONCLUSION As a result, the findings of this study point to potential drug-able compounds in PEHc that could be useful for the management of DM and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola Grace Olanipon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Samson Olatunde Mabayoje
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Michael Familua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B. 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Esther Kemi Agboola
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Olajumoke Idowu
- Medicinal Plant Unit, Chemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Tajudeen Obafemi
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye
- Phytomedicine and Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Omotade Ibidun Oloyede
- Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Duisenbek A, Lopez-Armas GC, Pérez M, Avilés Pérez MD, Aguilar Benitez JM, Pereira Pérez VR, Gorts Ortega J, Yessenbekova A, Ablaikhanova N, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Rusanova I. Insights into the Role of Plasmatic and Exosomal microRNAs in Oxidative Stress-Related Metabolic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1290. [PMID: 37372020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A common denominator of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, are elevated oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. These complex, multi-factorial diseases are caused by the detrimental interaction between the individual genetic background and multiple environmental stimuli. The cells, including the endothelial ones, acquire a preactivated phenotype and metabolic memory, exhibiting increased oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, endothelial vascular activation, and prothrombotic events, leading to vascular complications. There are different pathways involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and increased knowledge suggests a role of the activation of the NF-kB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome as key mediators of metabolic inflammation. Epigenetic-wide associated studies provide new insight into the role of microRNAs in the phenomenon of metabolic memory and the development consequences of vessel damage. In this review, we will focus on the microRNAs related to the control of anti-oxidative enzymes, as well as microRNAs related to the control of mitochondrial functions and inflammation. The objective is the search for new therapeutic targets to improve the functioning of mitochondria and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, despite the acquired metabolic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayauly Duisenbek
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Gabriela C Lopez-Armas
- Departamento de Investigación y Extensión, Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial, C. Nueva Escocia 1885, Guadalajara 44638, Mexico
| | - Miguel Pérez
- Hospital de Alta Resolución de Alcalá la Real, 23680 Jaén, Spain
| | - María D Avilés Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Roger Pereira Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Gorts Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Arailym Yessenbekova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Nurzhanyat Ablaikhanova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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Masenga SK, Kirabo A. Hypertensive heart disease: risk factors, complications and mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1205475. [PMID: 37342440 PMCID: PMC10277698 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1205475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive heart disease constitutes functional and structural dysfunction and pathogenesis occurring primarily in the left ventricle, the left atrium and the coronary arteries due to chronic uncontrolled hypertension. Hypertensive heart disease is underreported and the mechanisms underlying its correlates and complications are not well elaborated. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of hypertensive heart disease, we discuss in detail the mechanisms associated with development and complications of hypertensive heart disease especially left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and coronary artery disease. We also briefly highlight the role of dietary salt, immunity and genetic predisposition in hypertensive heart disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Cam-Pus, Livingstone, Zambia
- School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
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Shen CY, Li KJ, Wu CH, Lu CH, Kuo YM, Hsieh SC, Yu CL. Unveiling the molecular basis of inflamm-aging induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-modified human serum albumin (AGE-HSA) in patients with different immune-mediated diseases. Clin Immunol 2023:109655. [PMID: 37257547 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased serum advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are commonly found in the patients with Diabetes mellitus (DM), aging-related diseases, and immune-mediated diseases. These diseases are notorious for vasculopathy, immune dysfunctions, and low-grade inflammation mimicking inflamm-aging. However, the molecular basis of inflamm-aging related to AGEs remains elucidation. In this study, we incubated human serum albumin (HSA) and glucose at 37 °C in 5% CO2 incubator for 0-180 days to generate AGE-HSA. We found the mixture gradually changing the color from transparancy to brown color and increased molecular weight during incubation. The pH value also gradually decreased from 7.2 to 5.4 irrelevant to ionic charge or [Ca2+] concentration, but dependent on gradual glycation of the alkaline amino acids, lysine and arginine. Functionally, 40 μg/mL of AGE-HSA decreased IL-2 production from human Jurkat T cell line via suppressing p-STAT3, p-STAT4, and p-STAT6 with an increased tendency of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-βgal) expression but irrelevant to change of Th1/Th2/Treg subpopulations. In contrast, AGE-HSA enhanced CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL-5), IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF), and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) but suppressed SA-βgal expression by human macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Interestingly, AGE-HSA abrogated the HSA-induced soluble intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (sICAM-1), sE-selectin and endothelin release from human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and enhanced SA-βgal expression. The accelerated and increased HSA glycations by individual inflammation-related cytokine such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, TGF-β, or TNF-α in the in vitro study reflect increased serum AGE levels in patients with immune-mediated diseases . In conclusion, AGE-HSA can exert immunosuppresive, inflammatory and vasculopathic effects mimicking inflamm-aging in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Ko-Jen Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Han Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital--Chu-Pei Branch, Chu-Pei 302, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hsun Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Li Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
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Dong Y, Xu R, Chen X, Yang C, Jiang F, Shen Y, Li Q, Fang F, Li Y, Shen X. Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15245. [PMID: 37220524 PMCID: PMC10200099 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared. Results A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, Megamonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Prevotella_2, Tyzzerella_4, were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fujin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Primadhi RA, Septrina R, Hapsari P, Kusumawati M. Amputation in diabetic foot ulcer: A treatment dilemma. World J Orthop 2023; 14:312-318. [PMID: 37304194 PMCID: PMC10251268 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i5.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot is a clinical manifestation of diabetes with a wide range of symptoms, including ulceration, osteomyelitis, osteoarticular destruction, and gangrene, as a consequence of advanced disease. Some diabetic foot cases present general indications for amputation, including dead limb, threat to the patient’s life, pain, loss of function, or nuisance. Various tools have been introduced to help decision-making in amputation for diabetic foot. However, it remains a conundrum because diabetic foot involves multiple pathomechanisms and factors that hinder its outcomes. Sociocultural issues often impede treatment from the patient’s side. We reviewed different perspectives in diabetic foot management, particularly related to amputation. In addition to deciding whether to amputate, physicians should address amputation level, timing, and ways to avoid patient deconditioning. Surgeons should not be autocratic in these circumstances and should be aware of beneficence and maleficence when considering whether to amputate. The main goal should be improving the patients’ quality of life rather than preserving the limb as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Andri Primadhi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Rani Septrina
- Division of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Putie Hapsari
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Maya Kusumawati
- Internal Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
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Aljazzaf B, Regeai S, Elghmasi S, Alghazir N, Balgasim A, Hdud Ismail IM, Eskandrani AA, Shamlan G, Alansari WS, AL-Farga A, Alghazeer R. Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera ( Moringaceae) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice: A Biochemical and Histological Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9136217. [PMID: 37215365 PMCID: PMC10198764 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9136217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to screen M. oleifera methanolic leaf (L) extract, seed (S) extract, and a combined leaf/seed extract (2L : 1S ratio) for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities in mice following administration at a dose level of 500 mg/kg of body weight/day. Diabetes was induced by alloxan administration. Mice were treated with the extracts for 1 and 3 months and compared with the appropriate control. At the end of the study period, the mice were euthanized and pancreas, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters and histopathology. The oral administration of the combined L/S extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose to normal levels compared with L or S extracts individually; moreover, a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, liver enzymes, and oxidant markers was observed, with a concomitant increase in antioxidant biomarkers. Thus, the combined extract has stronger antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties than the individual extracts. The histopathological results also support the biochemical parameters, showing recovery of the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissue. The effects of the combined L/S extracts persisted throughout the study period tested. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of a combined L/S extract of M. oleifera in an alloxan-induced diabetic model in mice. Our results suggest the potential for developing a natural potent antidiabetic drug from M. oleifera; however, clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Aljazzaf
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait
| | - Sassia Regeai
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Science, Libyan Academy of Postgraduate Studies, Janzour, Libya
- Histology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Sana Elghmasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Nadia Alghazir
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripoli University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Amal Balgasim
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ismail M. Hdud Ismail
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Areej A. Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa S. Alansari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Alghazeer
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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