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Flieh SM, Miguel-Berges ML, Huybrechts I, Castillo MJ, Gonzalez-Gross M, Marcos A, Gottrand F, Le Donne C, Widhalm K, Molnár D, Stehle P, Kafatos A, Dallongeville J, Gesteiro E, Abbeddou S, Moreno LA, González-Gil EM. Associations between food portion sizes, insulin resistance, VO2 max and metabolic syndrome in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2061-2073. [PMID: 35850749 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aims to examine the associations of food portion size (PS) with markers of insulin resistance (IR) and clustered of metabolic risk score in European adolescents. METHODS A total of 495 adolescents (53.5% females) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study were included. The association between PS from food groups and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, VO2 max, and metabolic risk score was assessed by multilinear regression analysis adjusting for several confounders. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the mean differences of food PS from food groups by HOMA-IR cutoff categories by using maternal education as a covariable. RESULTS Larger PS from vegetables in both gender and milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages in males were associated with higher VO2 max, while larger PS from margarines and vegetable oils were associated with lower VO2 max (p < 0.05). Males who consumed larger PS from fish and fish products; meat substitutes, nuts, and pulses; cakes, pies, and biscuits; and sugar, honey, jams, and chocolate have a higher metabolic risk score (p < 0.05). Males with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from vegetables, milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages (p < 0.05). Females with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from breakfast cereals, while those with higher HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from butter and animal fats (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION The results show that larger PS from dairy products, cereals, and high energy dense foods are a significant determinant of IR and VO2 max, and larger PS from food with higher content of sugar were associated with higher metabolic risk score.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Flieh
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - M L Miguel-Berges
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372, Lyon, France; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - M J Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain.
| | - M Gonzalez-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Marcos
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM U1286 Infinite, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - C Le Donne
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy.
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, A-3100, Vienna, Austria.
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - P Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - A Kafatos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, GR-71003, Crete, Greece.
| | - J Dallongeville
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - E Gesteiro
- ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Abbeddou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - L A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013, Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - E M González-Gil
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Beghin L, Vanhelst J, Drumez E, Kersting M, Molnar D, Kafatos A, De Henauwn S, Widhalm K, Karaglani E, Moreno L, Gottrand F. Le poids de naissance et la durée de l’allaitement maternel programment différemment la condition physique de l’adolescent. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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González-Gil EM, Martínez-Olivan B, Widhalm K, Lambrinou CP, Henauw de S, Gottrand F, Kafatos A, Beghin L, Molnar D, Kersting M, Leclercq C, Sjöström M, Fosner M, González-Gross M, Breidenassel C, Castillo MJ, Dallongeville J, Rodríguez G, Moreno LA. Healthy eating determinants and dietary patterns in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Child and Adolescent Obesity 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2019.1615361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Esther M. González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Olivan
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel, Austria
| | | | | | - Frederic Gottrand
- Centre d’investigation clinique, Univ. Lille, LIRIC UMR Inserm U995, Univ. Lille CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antonios Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Laurent Beghin
- Centre d’investigation clinique, Univ. Lille, LIRIC UMR Inserm U995, Univ. Lille CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Denes Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mathilde Kersting
- Research Department of Child Nutrition, Pediatric University Clinic, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
| | - Catherine Leclercq
- Centre for Research on Food and Nutrition, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of Agricultural Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Fosner
- Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christina Breidenassel
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften – Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Gerardo Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Red de Salud Materno Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), RETICS ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- See Appendix
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4
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Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Gómez-Martínez S, Nova E, Hernandez A, Labayen I, Kafatos A, Gottand F, Molnár D, Ferrari M, Moreno LA, González-Gross M, Michels N, Ruperez A, Ruiz JR, Marcos A. Lifestyle patterns and endocrine, metabolic, and immunological biomarkers in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:23-31. [PMID: 30471163 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of lifestyle patterns related to physical activity (PA), sedentariness, and sleep with endocrine, metabolic, and immunological health biomarkers in European adolescents. METHODS The present cross-sectional study comprised 3528 adolescents (1845 girls) (12.5-17.5 years) enrolled in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Study. Cluster analysis was performed by including body composition, PA by accelerometry, self-reported sedentary behaviors, and sleep duration. We also measured endocrine, metabolic, and immunological biomarkers. RESULTS Three-cluster solutions were identified: (a) light-PA time, moderate-vigorous-PA time and sedentary time, (b) light-PA time, moderate-vigorous-PA time, sedentary time and sleep time, (c) light-PA time, moderate-vigorous-PA time, sedentary time and body composition. In addition, each cluster solution was defined as: "healthy," "medium healthy," and "unhealthy" according to the presented rating. Analysis of variance showed that overall the healthiest groups from the three clusters analyzed presented a better metabolic profile. A decision tree analysis showed that leptin had a strong association with cluster 3 in both boys and girls, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol had the strongest association with clusters 1 and 3 in boys. Cortisol had the strongest association with cluster 1. HOMA index (homeostatic model assessment) and C3 showed a strong association with cluster 3 in girls. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the existence of different interactions between metabolic health and lifestyle patterns related to PA, sedentariness, and sleep, with some gender-specific findings. These results highlight the importance to consider multiple lifestyle-related health factors in the assessment of adolescents' health to plan favorable strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Gómez-Martínez
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Nova
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Hernandez
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Marika Ferrari
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Food and Agriculture Institute of Aragón (IA2), Health Research Institute of Aragón (ISS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Azahara Ruperez
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Food and Agriculture Institute of Aragón (IA2), Health Research Institute of Aragón (ISS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Julián C, Huybrechts I, Gracia-Marco L, González-Gil EM, Gutiérrez Á, González-Gross M, Marcos A, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Moreno LA. Mediterranean diet, diet quality, and bone mineral content in adolescents: the HELENA study. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1329-1340. [PMID: 29508038 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary scores, rather than individual nutrients, allow exploring associations between overall diet and bone health. The aim of the present study was to assess the associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score for Adolescents (MDS-A) and the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) and bone mineral content (BMC) among Spanish adolescents. Our results do not support an association between dietary scores or indices and BMC in adolescents. INTRODUCTION To assess the associations between the MDS-A and a DQI-A with the BMC measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. METHODS The MDS-A and the DQI-A were calculated in 179 Spanish adolescents, based on two 24-h dietary recalls from the HELENA cross-sectional study. The associations between the diet scores and the BMC outcomes [total body less head (TBLH), femoral neck (FN), lumbar spine (LS), and hip] were analyzed using logistic regression models adjusting for several confounders. RESULTS Four hundred ninety-two models were included and only fruits and nuts and cereal and roots were found to provide significant ORs with regard to BMC. The risk of having low BMC reduced by 32% (OR 0.684; CI 0.473-0.988) for FN when following the ideal MDS-A, but this association lost significance when adjusting for lean mass and physical activity. For every 1-point increase in the cereal and root and the fruit and nut components, the risk of having low FN diminished by 56% (OR 0.442; CI 0.216-0.901) and by 67% (OR 0.332; CI 0.146-0.755), respectively. CONCLUSION An overall dietary score or index is not associated with BMC in our adolescent Spanish sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Julián
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - L Gracia-Marco
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - E M González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Á Gutiérrez
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, ICTAN Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - G Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
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6
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Mesana MI, Hilbig A, Androutsos O, Cuenca-García M, Dallongeville J, Huybrechts I, De Henauw S, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Nova E, Marcos A, González-Gross M, Molnar D, Gottrand F, Moreno LA. Dietary sources of sugars in adolescents' diet: the HELENA study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:629-641. [PMID: 27896443 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report dietary sugars consumption and their different types and food sources, in European adolescents. METHODS Food consumption data of selected groups were obtained from 1630 adolescents (45.6% males, 12.5-17.5 years) from the HELENA study using two nonconsecutive 24-h recalls. Energy intake, total sugars and free sugars were assessed using the HELENA-DIAT software. Multiple regression analyses were performed adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS Total sugars intake (137.5 g/day) represented 23.6% and free sugars (110.1 g/day), 19% of energy intake. Girls had significantly lower intakes of energy, carbohydrates, total sugars and free sugars. 94% of adolescents had a consumption of free sugars above 10% of total energy intake. The main food contributor to free sugars was 'carbonated, soft and isotonic drinks,' followed by 'non-chocolate confectionary' and 'sugar, honey, jam and syrup.' Older boys and girls had significantly higher intakes of free sugars from 'cakes, pies and biscuits.' Free sugars intake was negatively associated with low socioeconomic status for 'non-chocolate confectionary' and 'sugar, honey and jam' groups; with low maternal educational level for carbonated and 'soft drinks,' 'sugar, honey and jam,' 'cakes and pies' and 'breakfast cereals' groups; and with high paternal educational level for 'carbonated and soft drinks' and 'chocolates' group. CONCLUSIONS The majority (94%) of studied adolescents consumed free sugars above 10% of daily energy intake. Our data indicate a broad variety in foods providing free sugars. Continued efforts are required at different levels to reduce the intake of free sugars, especially in families with a low educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Mesana
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain.
- Red de Salud Materno-infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Hilbig
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE), Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - J Dallongeville
- Service d'Epidémiologie et Santé Publique - INSERM U1167 Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - I Huybrechts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - S De Henauw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - E Nova
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften - Ernährungphysiologie, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - F Gottrand
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC) UMR 995 Inserm, University of Lille, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille cedex, France
| | - L A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
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7
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González-Gil EM, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Santabárbara J, Bueno-Lozano G, Iglesia I, González-Gross M, Molnar D, Gottrand F, De Henauw S, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Siani A, Amaro-Gahete F, Rupérez AI, Cañada D, Censi L, Kersting M, Dallongeville J, Marcos A, Ortega FB, Moreno LA. Inflammation in metabolically healthy and metabolically abnormal adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:77-83. [PMID: 29174028 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammation may influence the cardio-metabolic profile which relates with the risk of chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess the inflammatory status by metabolic health (MH)/body mass index (BMI) category and to assess how inflammatory markers can predict the cardio-metabolic profile in European adolescents, considering BMI. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 659 adolescents (295 boys) from a cross-sectional European study were included. Adolescents were classified by metabolic health based on age- and sex-specific cut-off points for glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, high density cholesterol and BMI. C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), complement factors (C3, C4) and cell adhesion molecules were assessed. RESULTS Metabolically abnormal (MA) adolescents had higher values of C3 (p < 0.001) and C4 (p = 0.032) compared to those metabolically healthy (MHy). C3 concentrations significantly increased with the deterioration of the metabolic health and BMI (p < 0.001). Adolescents with higher values of CRP had higher probability of being in the overweight/obese-MH group than those allocated in other categories. Finally, high C3 and C4 concentrations increased the probability of having an unfavorable metabolic/BMI status. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic/BMI status and inflammatory biomarkers are associated, being the CRP, C3 and C4 the most related inflammatory markers with this condition. C3 and C4 were associated with the cardio-metabolic health consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M González-Gil
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain.
| | - C Cadenas-Sanchez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
| | - J Santabárbara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Bueno-Lozano
- Service of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Iglesia
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Red de Salud materno-infantil y del desarrollo (SAMID), Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ Lille 2, INSERM U995, CHU-Lille, France
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Siani
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - F Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - A I Rupérez
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D Cañada
- ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Censi
- CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics) - Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - F B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
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8
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González-Gil EM, Santabárbara J, Ruiz JR, Bel-Serrat S, Huybrechts I, Pedrero-Chamizo R, de la O A, Gottrand F, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Plada M, Ferrari M, Palacios Le Blé G, Siani A, González-Gross M, Gómez-Martínez S, Marcos A, Moreno Aznar LA. Ideal cardiovascular health and inflammation in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:447-455. [PMID: 28416098 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and this process seems to appear in childhood. The ideal cardiovascular health index (ICHI) has been inversely related to atherosclerotic plaque in adults. However, evidence regarding inflammation and ICHI in adolescents is scarce. The aim is to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation in European adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS As many as 543 adolescents (251 boys and 292 girls) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study, a cross-sectional multi-center study including 9 European countries, were measured. C-reactive protein (CRP), complement factors C3 and C4, leptin and white blood cell counts were used to compute an inflammatory score. Multilevel linear models and multilevel logistic regression were used to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation controlling by covariates. Higher ICHI was associated with a lower inflammatory score, as well as with several individual components, both in boys and girls (p < 0.01). In addition, adolescents with at least 4 ideal components of the ICHI had significantly lower inflammatory score and lower levels of the study biomarkers, except CRP. Finally, the multilevel logistic regression showed that for every unit increase in the ICHI, the probability of having an inflammatory profile decreased by 28.1% in girls. CONCLUSION Results from this study suggest that a better ICHI is associated with a lower inflammatory profile already in adolescence. Improving these health behaviors, and health factors included in the ICHI, could play an important role in CVD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M González-Gil
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain.
| | - J Santabárbara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - S Bel-Serrat
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Pedrero-Chamizo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A de la O
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ Lille 2, INSERM U995, CHU, Lille, France
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Plada
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - M Ferrari
- Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - G Palacios Le Blé
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Siani
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - M González-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Moreno Aznar
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
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9
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Mielgo-Ayuso J, Valtueña J, Huybrechts I, Breidenassel C, Cuenca-García M, De Henauw S, Stehle P, Kafatos A, Kersting M, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Azzini E, Molnar D, Moreno LA, González-Gross M. Fruit and vegetables consumption is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin status among European adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:458-467. [PMID: 28120854 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Current research in adults indicates that fruit and vegetable (FAV) consumption increases serum levels of vitamins C, E and folate of β-carotene and reduces homocysteine concentrations. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of FAV consumption on vitamin intakes and their impact on blood vitamin concentrations in European adolescents. SUBJECT/METHODS This multi-center cross-sectional study included 702 (53.7% females) adolescents, aged 12.50-17.49 years, from 10 European cities. Two independent self-administered 24 h dietary recalls were used to estimate the adolescent's diet. The total energy, vitamins and FAV consumption were calculated. Adolescents were categorized into three groups: (i) very low FAV intake (<200 g/day); (ii) low FAV consumption (200-399 g/day) and (iii) adequate FAV consumption (⩾400 g/day). Adolescent's fasted blood samples were taken for their analysis on vitamin concentrations. RESULTS The main results showed that those adolescents meeting the FAV recommendation, classified as FAV adequate consumers, presented higher intake of energy and some vitamins as B6, total folic acid, C, E and β-carotene compared with FAV very low consumers (P<0.05). Regarding their blood status, male adolescents who had a very low FAV consumption presented lower plasma folate, RBC folate blood concentrations compared with adequate FAV consumers (P<0.05). Female adequate FAV consumers had higher concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), plasma folate, RBC folate, vitamin C, β-carotene and α-tocopherol compared with very low and low consumers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Having a FAV dairy intake above 400 g/day is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin concentrations, especially for antioxidant and B-vitamins concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mielgo-Ayuso
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Valtueña
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon CEDEX, France
| | - C Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitaät, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics; Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E Azzini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome 00178, Italy
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Costa de Oliveira Forkert E, de Moraes ACF, Carvalho HB, Kafatos A, Manios Y, Sjöström M, González-Gross M, Gottrand F, Beghin L, Censi L, Kersting M, Moreno LA. Abdominal obesity and its association with socioeconomic factors among adolescents from different living environments. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:110-119. [PMID: 26910497 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic status has been associated with obesity in children and adolescents. This association may be dependent according with where adolescents lives. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between different socioeconomic indicators such as parental education and occupation and socioeconomic status with abdominal obesity in adolescents from two observational studies: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional study (HELENA-CSS) and the Brazilian Cardiovascular Adolescent Health (BRACAH) study. METHODS European (n = 3192, aged 12.5-17.5 years, with 53.1% girls from HELENA-CSS) and Brazilian (n = 991, aged 14-18 years, with 54.5% girls from BRACAH study) adolescents from two cross-sectional studies were included in this analysis. Complete data on waist circumference (WC), height, socioeconomic status indicators and several confounders were collected. Socioeconomic indicators were measured using a self-reported questionnaire in order to assess the family social status of the adolescents. Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine associations, and results were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Adjusted results showed inverse associations between mother's and father's education levels (p < 0.001) and father's occupation level (p < 0.001) with waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and WC in HELENA-CSS girls. Similarly in European girls, socioeconomic indicators by socioeconomic status and maternal occupation level were associated with WHtR. In HELENA-CSS boys, the same significant association was found between WHtR and WC with maternal occupation level. Moreover, in European boys WHtR was also associated with parental education. In Brazilian adolescents, both indicators of abdominal obesity did not remain associated with the independents variables, after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal obesity was associated with socioeconomic indicators in higher-income countries, but this association was not observed in a lower-middle-income country.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Costa de Oliveira Forkert
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, YCARE (Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Evironmental) Research Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentário de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A C F de Moraes
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, YCARE (Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Evironmental) Research Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentário de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - H B Carvalho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, YCARE (Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Evironmental) Research Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Institut für Ernährungs-und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Gottrand
- Unité Inserm U995 and Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique, CIC-9301-Inserm-CH&U, Lille, France
| | - L Beghin
- CHRU Lille, Faculté Médecine, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - L Censi
- Agricultural Research Council, Food and Nutrition Research Centre (CREA-NUT), Rome, Italy
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - L A Moreno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentário de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Antoniou SA, Anastasiadou A, Antoniou GA, Granderath FA, Kafatos A. Preoperative nutritional counseling versus standard care prior to bariatric surgery. Eur Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-016-0459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Iglesia I, Huybrechts I, González-Gross M, Mouratidou T, Santabárbara J, Chajès V, González-Gil EM, Park JY, Bel-Serrat S, Cuenca-García M, Castillo M, Kersting M, Widhalm K, De Henauw S, Sjöström M, Gottrand F, Molnár D, Manios Y, Kafatos A, Ferrari M, Stehle P, Marcos A, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Moreno LA. Folate and vitamin B12 concentrations are associated with plasma DHA and EPA fatty acids in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:124-133. [PMID: 28098048 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between vitamin B6, folate and vitamin B12 biomarkers and plasma fatty acids in European adolescents. A subsample from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study with valid data on B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters, and all the other covariates used in the analyses such as BMI, Diet Quality Index, education of the mother and physical activity assessed by a questionnaire, was selected resulting in 674 cases (43 % males). B-vitamin biomarkers were measured by chromatography and immunoassay and fatty acids by enzymatic analyses. Linear mixed models elucidated the association between B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters (changes in fatty acid profiles according to change in 10 units of vitamin B biomarkers). DHA, EPA) and n-3 fatty acids showed positive associations with B-vitamin biomarkers, mainly with those corresponding to folate and vitamin B12. Contrarily, negative associations were found with n-6:n-3 ratio, trans-fatty acids and oleic:stearic ratio. With total homocysteine (tHcy), all the associations found with these parameters were opposite (for instance, an increase of 10 nmol/l in red blood cell folate or holotranscobalamin in females produces an increase of 15·85 µmol/l of EPA (P value <0·01), whereas an increase of 10 nmol/l of tHcy in males produces a decrease of 2·06 µmol/l of DHA (P value <0·05). Positive associations between B-vitamins and specific fatty acids might suggest underlying mechanisms between B-vitamins and CVD and it is worth the attention of public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Iglesia
- 1Growth Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza,Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- 3Department of Public Health, Ghent University,University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, entrance 42 (building K3),4th floor, B-9000 Ghent,Belgium
| | - M González-Gross
- 5ImFINE Research Group,Department of Health and Human Performance,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid,C/ Martín Fierro, 7, 28040 Madrid,Spain
| | - T Mouratidou
- 1Growth Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza,Spain
| | - J Santabárbara
- 7Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health,Universidad de Zaragoza,50009 Zaragoza,Spain
| | - V Chajès
- 4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372 Lyon Cedex 08,France
| | - E M González-Gil
- 1Growth Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza,Spain
| | - J Y Park
- 4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372 Lyon Cedex 08,France
| | - S Bel-Serrat
- 1Growth Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza,Spain
| | - M Cuenca-García
- 8Department of Physiology,School of Medicine,University of Granada,Avenida de Madrid 11,18012 Granada,Spain
| | - M Castillo
- 8Department of Physiology,School of Medicine,University of Granada,Avenida de Madrid 11,18012 Granada,Spain
| | - M Kersting
- 10Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund,Pediatric University Clinic,Ruhr-University Bochum,Heinstück 11, D-44225 Dortmund,Germany
| | - K Widhalm
- 11Department of Pediatrics,Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention,Medical University of Vienna,1090 Vienna,Austria
| | - S De Henauw
- 3Department of Public Health, Ghent University,University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, entrance 42 (building K3),4th floor, B-9000 Ghent,Belgium
| | - M Sjöström
- 12Department of Public Health Sciences,Division of Social Medicine,Karolinska Institutet,Norrbacka,level 3,17176 Stockholm,Sweden
| | - F Gottrand
- 15Inserm U995, Faculté de Médecine,Université Lille 2,F-59045 Lille Cedex,France
| | - D Molnár
- 16Department of Paediatrics,University of Pécs,Szigeti str 12, H-7624 Pécs,Hungary
| | - Y Manios
- 17Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Harokopio University,E. Venizelou 70, 17671 Kallithea, reece, Kallithea-Athens,Greece
| | - A Kafatos
- 18School of Medicine,University of Crete,GR-71033 Crete,Greece
| | - M Ferrari
- 19CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Center for Food and Nutrition,Via Ardeatina 546 - 00178 Roma,Italy
| | - P Stehle
- 20Department of Nutrition and Food Science,University of Bonn,D-53115 Bonn,Germany
| | - A Marcos
- 21Immunonutrition Research Group,Department of Metabolism and Nutrition,Institute of Food Science,Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN),Spanish National Research Council (CSIC),E-28040 Madrid,Spain
| | - F J Sánchez-Muniz
- 22Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia,Universidad Complutense de Madrid,28040 Madrid,Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- 1Growth Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza,Spain
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13
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Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Davis CL, Rodríguez G, González-Gross M, Breidenassel C, Dallongeville J, Marcos A, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Molnar D, DeHenauw S, Gottrand F, Moreno LA. Liver enzymes and clustering cardiometabolic risk factors in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:361-70. [PMID: 25515703 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the associations of liver biomarkers with cardiometabolic risk factors and their clustering, and to provide reference values (percentiles) and cut-off points for liver biomarkers associated with high cardiometabolic risk in European adolescents. METHODS Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase to ALT ratio (AST/ALT), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were measured in 1084 adolescents. We computed a continuous cardiometabolic risk score and defined the high cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS Higher ALT and GGT and lower AST/ALT were associated with adiposity and with the number of adverse cardiometabolic risk factors (Ps < 0.05). Higher GGT and lower AST/ALT were associated with higher cardiometabolic risk score (Ps < 0.001) in males and females, and ALT only in males (Ps < 0.001). Gender- and age-specific percentiles for liver biomarkers were provided. Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed a significant discriminatory accuracy of AST/ALT in identifying the low/high cardiometabolic risk (Ps < 0.01) and thresholds were provided. CONCLUSIONS Higher GGT and lower AST/ALT are associated with higher cardiometabolic risk factors and their clustering in male and female European adolescents, whereas the associations of ALT were gender dependent. Our results suggest the usefulness of AST/ALT as a screening test in the assessment of adolescents with high cardiometabolic risk and provide gender- and age-specific thresholds that might be of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROFITH 'PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - F B Ortega
- PROFITH 'PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - C L Davis
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - G Rodríguez
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Health Research Institute of Aragon (IIS Aragón), Aragon, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Breidenassel
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Dallongeville
- INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UDSL, Lille, France
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kafatos
- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - S DeHenauw
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Gottrand
- Inserm U995, Pediatric Department, Lille University Hospital and University Lille 2, France
| | - L A Moreno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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14
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de Moraes ACF, Fernandez-Alvira JM, Carvalho HB, Meirhaeghe-Hurez A, Dallongeville J, Kafatos A, Molnar D, Manios Y, Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Widhalm K, Breidenassel C, Gonzalez-Gross M, Moreno LA. Attenuation of the Effect of the MTHFR and NOS3 Polymorphism on Blood Pressure by Physical Activity in European Adolescents. The HELENA Study. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kafatos
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Iraklion, Greece
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16
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Ferrari M, Cuenca-García M, Valtueña J, Moreno LA, Censi L, González-Gross M, Androutsos O, Gilbert CC, Huybrechts I, Dallongeville J, Sjöström M, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Gómez-Martínez S, de Moraes ACF, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Leclercq C. Inflammation profile in overweight/obese adolescents in Europe: an analysis in relation to iron status. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:247-55. [PMID: 25205319 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between inflammatory parameters (CRP, c-reactive protein; AGP, α1-acid glycoprotein), iron status indicators (SF, serum ferritin; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor) and body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in European adolescents. Differences in intake for some nutrients (total iron, haem and non-haem iron, vitamin C, calcium, proteins) were assessed according to BMI categories, and the association of nutrient intakes with BMI z-score, FM and FFM was evaluated. METHODS A total of 876 adolescents participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence-Cross Sectional Study were included in the study sample. RESULTS Mean CRP values (standard error; s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (1.7±0.3 and 1.4±0.3 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (1.1±0.2 and 1.0±0.1 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) (P<0.05). For boys, mean SF values (s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (46.9±2.7 μg/l) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (35.7±1.7 μg/l) (P<0.001), whereas median sTfR values did not differ among BMI categories for both boys and girls. Multilevel regression analyses showed that BMI z-score and FM were significantly related to CRP and AGP (P<0.05). Dietary variables did not differ significantly among BMI categories, except for the intake of vegetable proteins, which, for boys, was higher in thin/normal-weight adolescents than in overweight/obese adolescents (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The adiposity of the European adolescents was sufficient to cause chronic inflammation but not sufficient to impair iron status and cause iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrari
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - J Valtueña
- 1] CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy [2] ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- 1] GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, E.U. Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoaza, Spain [2] Visiting Professor, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo - Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Censi
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
| | - M González-Gross
- 1] ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences-Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - O Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harakopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C C Gilbert
- Department of Consumer & Sensory Sciences, Campden BRI, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment group, Lyon, France
| | - J Dallongeville
- INSERM U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univesité Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - M Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs-József A.7, Hungary
| | - S De Henauw
- 1] Ghent University, Department of Public Health, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium [2] University College Ghent, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Care 'Vesalius', Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A C F de Moraes
- 1] GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, E.U. Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoaza, Spain [2] School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo - Post-Graduate Program in Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescents Medicine, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Private Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Leclercq
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
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Artero EG, España-Romero V, Jiménez-Pavón D, Martinez-Gómez D, Warnberg J, Gómez-Martínez S, González-Gross M, Vanhelst J, Kafatos A, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Moreno LA, Marcos A, Castillo MJ. Muscular fitness, fatness and inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9:391-400. [PMID: 23828843 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fatness are mutually related with chronic inflammation. PURPOSE To examine the independent association of muscular fitness with inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents from nine European countries. METHODS A total of 639 adolescents (296 boys) aged from 12.5 to 17.5 year were included in this report. Data collection took place in 2006-2007 and analyses in 2012. A muscular fitness score was computed from handgrip strength and standing long jump. CRF was measured using the 20 m shuttle run test. Z-scores of C-reactive protein, complement factors C3 and C4, leptin and white blood cell counts were summed to create a cluster of inflammatory biomarkers. Sex, age, pubertal stage and centre were used as main confounders. Additional models were further adjusted for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and sum of four skinfolds. RESULTS Muscular fitness was negatively associated with single and clustered inflammatory biomarkers (standardized β from -0.399 to -0.100, all P-values < 0.05). Additional adjustments for CRF and HOMA-IR weakened the associations, but they still remained significant. The association was no longer significant when adjusting for skinfolds. Decreasing values of inflammatory score were observed across incremental levels of muscular fitness in both non-overweight and overweight adolescents (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with higher levels of muscular fitness present a lower chronic inflammation, and this seems to be explained by lower levels of fatness. Yet, overweight and obese adolescents may exhibit a less adverse profile if they maintain appropriate levels of muscular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Artero
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Area of Physical Education and Sport, School of Education, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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18
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Huybrechts I, De Vriendt T, Breidenassel C, Rogiers J, Vanaelst B, Cuenca-García M, Moreno LA, González-Gross M, Roccaldo R, Kafatos A, Clays E, Bueno G, Beghin L, Sjöstrom M, Manios Y, Molnár D, Pisa PT, De Henauw S. Mechanisms of stress, energy homeostasis and insulin resistance in European adolescents--the HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:1082-9. [PMID: 24907850 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Stress is hypothesized to facilitate the development of obesity, whose the foundations are already set during childhood and adolescence. We investigated the relationship between the stress-system, selected mechanisms of energy homeostasis and insulin resistance (IR) in a sample of European adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Within HELENA-CSS, 723 adolescents (12.5-17.5 years) from 10 European cities provided all the necessary data for this study. Fasting blood samples were collected for cortisol, leptin, insulin and glucose analysis. HOMA-IR was calculated from insulin and glucose concentrations. Adolescents' body fat (BF) %, age and duration of exclusive breastfeeding were assessed. For boys and girls separately, the relationship of cortisol with leptin, insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR was examined by computing Pearson correlation coefficients and Hierarchical Linear Models (HLMs), with 'city' as cluster unit, adjusting for age, BF% and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. In boys, Pearson correlation coefficients illustrated positive correlations of cortisol with insulin (r = 0.144; p = 0.013), glucose (r = 0.315; p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.180; p = 0.002), whilst in girls, this positive relationship was observed for leptin (r = 0.147; p = 0.002), insulin (r = 0.095; p = 0.050) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.099; p = 0.041), but not for glucose (r = 0.054; p = 0.265). Observed associations were independent of adolescents' age, BF% and duration of exclusive breastfeeding after computing HLMs. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the stress-system is positively related to mechanisms of energy homeostasis and IR in European adolescents, and reveals a potential small gender difference in this relationship. The hypothesis that stress might facilitate the development of obesity during adolescence is supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France.
| | - T De Vriendt
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain; Department of Human Nutrition, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhemls Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Rogiers
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Vanaelst
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain; Department of Human Nutrition, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhemls Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Roccaldo
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione (INRAN), Roma, Italy
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - E Clays
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Bueno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L Beghin
- Inserm U955, IFR114, Faculty of Medicine, University Lille 2, Lille, France; CIC-9301-CH&U-Inserm of Lille, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Sjöstrom
- Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Jzsef A 7, Pécs, Hungary
| | - P T Pisa
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France; MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; University College Ghent Vesalius, Ghent, Belgium
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Bel-Serrat S, Mouratidou T, Jiménez-Pavón D, Huybrechts I, Cuenca-García M, Mistura L, Gottrand F, González-Gross M, Dallongeville J, Kafatos A, Manios Y, Stehle P, Kersting M, De Henauw S, Castillo M, Hallstrom L, Molnár D, Widhalm K, Marcos A, Moreno LA. Is dairy consumption associated with low cardiovascular disease risk in European adolescents? Results from the HELENA Study. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9:401-10. [PMID: 23852857 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00187.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify those food groups best discriminating individuals at high/low cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and to investigate the relationship between dairy consumption and CVD risk factors (individual and scores) in adolescents (12.5-17.5 years) from eight European cities participating in the cross-sectional (2006-2007) HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) project. METHODS Diet, waist circumference, skin-folds thickness, systolic blood pressure, insulin resistance, triglycerides, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed in 511 (49.9% boys) adolescents. Individual z-scores of CVD risk factors were summed to compute sex-specific clustered CVD risk scores. RESULTS Dairy emerged as the food group best discriminating adolescents at low/high CVD risk. In both genders, waist circumference and sum of skin-folds were inversely associated with consumption of milk and yogurt, and milk- and yogurt-based beverages, whereas a positive association was observed with CRF. Moreover, CVD risk score (β = -0.230, P = 0.001) was also inversely associated with overall dairy consumption only in girls. DISCUSSION Dairy consumption is associated with lower adiposity and higher CRF in these adolescents. An inverse association between CVD risk score and dairy consumption is also depicted in girls. The study adds further evidence to the scarce literature on the influence of milk and dairy products on adolescents' cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bel-Serrat
- 'Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development' (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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20
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Bel-Serrat S, Mouratidou T, Huybrechts I, Cuenca-García M, Manios Y, Gómez-Martínez S, Molnár D, Kafatos A, Gottrand F, Widhalm K, Sjöström M, Wästlund A, Stehle P, Azzini E, Vyncke K, González-Gross M, Moreno LA. The role of dietary fat on the association between dietary amino acids and serum lipid profile in European adolescents participating in the HELENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:464-73. [PMID: 24495993 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between amino acid (AA) intake and serum lipid profile in European adolescents from eight European cities participating in the cross-sectional (2006-2007) HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study, and to assess whether this association was independent of total fat intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS Diet, skinfold thickness, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), TC/HDL-c ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio were measured in 454 12.5- to 17.5-year-old adolescents (44% boys). Intake was assessed via two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Data on maternal education and sedentary behaviors were obtained via questionnaires. Physical activity was objectively measured by accelerometry. RESULTS Alanine, arginine, asparaginic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine and serine intakes were inversely associated with serum TG concentrations in both boys and girls. Intake of other AA like alanine and/or arginine was also inversely associated with serum TC, LDL-c and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio only in girls. An inverse association was observed between intakes of alanine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, serine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine and TC/HDL-c ratio among female adolescents. Similar results were found in males for serine and tryptophan intakes. It is noteworthy, however, that associations were no longer significant in both genders when total fat intake was considered as a confounding factor. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of adolescents, the association between AA intakes and serum lipid profile did not persist when dietary fat was considered. Therefore, dietary interventions and health promotion activities should focus on fat intake to improve lipid profile and potentially prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bel-Serrat
- 8217;Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development' (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Mouratidou
- 8217;Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development' (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- 1] Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [2] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment Group (DEX), Lyon, France
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Physiology, Medicine School, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs-József, Hungary
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - F Gottrand
- Inserm U995, Faculty of Medicine, University Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A Wästlund
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - P Stehle
- Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften - Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Azzini
- National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition, INRAN, Rome, Italy
| | - K Vyncke
- 1] Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [2] Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - M González-Gross
- 1] ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain [2] CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- 8217;Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development' (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Aller EEJG, Larsen TM, Claus H, Lindroos AK, Kafatos A, Pfeiffer A, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Kunesova M, Stender S, Saris WHM, Astrup A, van Baak MA. Weight loss maintenance in overweight subjects on ad libitum diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index: the DIOGENES trial 12-month results. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38:1511-7. [PMID: 24675714 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high dietary protein (P) content and low glycemic index (LGI) have been suggested to be beneficial for weight management, but long-term studies are scarce. OBJECTIVE The DIOGENES randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of P and GI on weight loss maintenance in overweight or obese adults in eight centers across Europe. This study reports the 1-year results in two of the centers that extended the intervention to 1 year. METHOD After an 8-week low-calorie diet (LCD), 256 adults (body mass index >27 kg m(-)(2)) were randomized to five ad libitum diets for 12 months: high P/LGI (HP/LGI), HP/high GI (HP/HGI), low P/LGI (LP/LGI), LP/HGI and a control diet. During the first 6 months, foods were provided for free through a shop system and during the whole 12-month period, subjects received guidance by a dietician. Primary outcome variable was the change in body weight over the 12-month intervention period. RESULTS During the LCD period, subjects lost 11.2 (10.8, 12.0) kg (mean (95% confidence interval (CI))). Average weight regain over the 12-month intervention period was 3.9 (95% CI 3.0-4.8) kg. Subjects on the HP diets regained less weight than subjects on the LP diets. The difference in weight regain after 1 year was 2.0 (0.4, 3.6) kg (P=0.017) (completers analysis, N=139) or 2.8 (1.4, 4.1) kg (P<0.001) (intention-to-treat analysis, N=256). No consistent effect of GI on weight regain was found. There were no clinically relevant differences in changes in cardiometabolic risk factors among diet groups. CONCLUSION A higher protein content of an ad libitum diet improves weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese adults over 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E J G Aller
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Claus
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A K Lindroos
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - A Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuhetal, Germany
| | - J A Martinez
- 1] Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain [2] CIBERObn, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Kunesova
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - W H M Saris
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M A van Baak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Rousseaux J, Duhamel A, Dallongeville J, Molnar D, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Sjöström M, Kafatos A, Breidenassel C, Gonzales-Gross M, Cuenca M, Censi L, Ascensión M, De Henauw S, Moreno L, Meirhaeghe A, Gottrand F. O25 Les acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaîne modulent l’impact du polymorphisme Pro446Leu de GCKR sur les triglycérides chez les adolescents, l’étude HELENA. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Mouratidou T, Huybrechts I, Beghin L, Cuenca-García M, Castillo MJ, Galfo M, Hallstrom L, Kafatos A, Manios Y, Marcos A, Molnar D, Plada M, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Widhalm K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Moreno LA. Increased sedentary behaviour is associated with unhealthy dietary patterns in European adolescents participating in the HELENA study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:300-8. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Valtueña J, Gracia-Marco L, Huybrechts I, Breidenassel C, Ferrari M, Gottrand F, Dallongeville J, Sioen I, Gutierrez A, Kersting M, Kafatos A, Manios Y, Widhalm K, Moreno LA, González-Gross M. Cardiorespiratory fitness in males, and upper limbs muscular strength in females, are positively related with 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma concentrations in European adolescents: the HELENA study. QJM 2013; 106:809-21. [PMID: 23657707 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (<75 nmol/l) has been previously reported in European adolescents. Vitamin D deficiency has been related to physical fitness and adiposity but it is not clearly known whether this relationship applies to growing children and adolescents. AIM To determine how body composition and physical fitness are related to 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in European adolescents. DESIGN The HEalthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence-CSS study was a multi-centre cross-sectional study. METHODS Plasma 25(OH)D, body composition and physical fitness measures were obtained in 1006 European adolescents (470 males) aged 12.5-17.5 years. Stepwise regression and ANCOVA were performed by gender using 25(OH)D as dependent variable, with body composition, physical fitness as independent variables controlling for age, seasonality and latitude. RESULTS For males, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) (B = 0.189) and body mass index (BMI) (B = -0.124) were independently associated with 25(OH)D concentrations (both P < 0.05). For females, handgrip strength (B = 0.168; P < 0.01) was independently associated with 25(OH)D concentrations. Those adolescents at lower BMI and high fitness score presented significant higher 25(OH)D concentrations than those at lower fitness score in the other BMI groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Cardiorespiratory fitness and upper limbs muscular strength are positively associated with 25(OH)D concentrations in male and female adolescents, respectively. Adiposity in males and low fat free mass in females are related to hypovitaminosis D. The interaction between fitness and BMI has a positive effect on 25(OH)D concentrations. Therapeutic interventions to correct the high rates of vitamin D deficiency in adolescents should consider physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Valtueña
- Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/ Martín Fierro, 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Smpokos EA, Linardakis M, Papadaki A, Theodorou AS, Havenetidis K, Kafatos A. Differences in energy and nutrient-intake among Greek children between 1992/93 and 2006/07. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27 Suppl 2:230-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Smpokos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic; Faculty of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - M. Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic; Faculty of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - A. Papadaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic; Faculty of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
- Centre For Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences; School for Policy Studies; University of Bristol; Bristol UK
| | - A. S. Theodorou
- Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Science; Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - K. Havenetidis
- Human Performance - Rehabilitation Laboratory; Faculty of Physical and Cultural Education; Hellenic Army Academy; Vari Greece
| | - A. Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic; Faculty of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
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26
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Labayen I, Ortega FB, Moreno LA, Gonzalez-Gross M, Jimenez-Pavon D, Martínez-Gómez D, Breidenassel C, Marcos A, Molnar D, Manios Y, Plada M, Kafatos A, De Henauw S, Mauro B, Zaccaria M, Widhalm K, Gottrand F, Castillo MJ, Sjöström M, Ruiz JR. Physical activity attenuates the negative effect of low birth weight on leptin levels in European adolescents; the HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:344-349. [PMID: 22397877 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether physical activity (PA) influences the association between birth weight and serum leptin in adolescents. The study comprised a total of 538 adolescents (315 girls), aged 12.5-17.49 years, born at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation). We measured serum leptin levels and time engaged in moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) by accelerometry. There was an interaction effect between birth weight and meeting the PA recommendations (60 min/day MVPA) on leptin levels in girls (P = 0.023) but not in boys (P = 0.809). Birth weight was negatively associated with leptin levels in girls not meeting the PA recommendations (i.e. more than 60 min/day of MVPA) (β = -0.096, P = 0.009), whereas no significant association was observed in those meeting the PA recommendations (β = -0.061, P = 0.433). In conclusion, meeting the PA recommendations may attenuate the negative effect of low birth weight on serum leptin levels in European female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
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27
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Cuenca-García M, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, González-Gross M, Labayen I, Jago R, Martínez-Gómez D, Dallongeville J, Bel-Serrat S, Marcos A, Manios Y, Breidenassel C, Widhalm K, Gottrand F, Ferrari M, Kafatos A, Molnár D, Moreno LA, De Henauw S, Castillo MJ, Sjöström M. Combined influence of healthy diet and active lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 24:553-62. [PMID: 23237548 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5-17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24-h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (all P ≤ 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL-C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P ≤ 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P ≤ 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Institute of Karolinska, Huddinge, Sweden
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28
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Smpokos EA, Linardakis M, Sarri K, Papadaki A, Theodorou AS, Kafatos A. Differences in food consumption according to weight status and physical activity levels among Greek children between 1992/93 and 2006/07. J Hum Nutr Diet 2012. [PMID: 23190277 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of data in Greece on trends in food intake according to weight status and physical activity (PA), despite the high prevalence of obesity. The present study aimed to examine differences in these parameters among first-grade children from Crete, Greece, over a 15-year period. METHODS Children (aged 5.9-7.6 years) from two representative cross-sectional studies participated during 1992/93 (n = 245) and 2006/07 (n = 257). Estimated 3-day food records were used to assess food consumption and energy-density (ED) [kJ g(-1) (kcal g(-1) )]. Moderate-to-vigorous-PA (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory-fitness were assessed by questionnaires and the 20-m shuttle-run test (20mSRT), respectively. RESULTS In 2006/07, compared to 1992/93, both sexes had a significantly higher intake of dairy products and snacks (P < 0.001), a lower intake of cereals (P < 0.001) and higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels (P < 0.001). Among girls, fruit/vegetable consumption was higher (P < 0.05), although legume intake was lower (P < 0.005). Among overweight/obese (OW/OB) children, ED significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and the mean consumption of fruits/vegetables was higher (P < 0.001). The percentage of OW/OB boys was significantly higher (P < 0.001); however, MVPA was significant higher in this group compared to 1992/93 (P < 0.001). During the two time-periods, active children in 2006/07 appeared to have a lower ED than active ones in 1992/93 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Several differences in food intake were observed among first-grade children of Crete between 1992/93 and 2006/07, as characterised by significant increases in the consumption of dairy products and snacks and a decrease in the intake of cereals, among both sexes. Future school-based interventions in this population should emphasise the need to increase fruit/vegetable, unrefined cereal and legume consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Smpokos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
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29
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Kunešová M, Hlavatý P, Tvrzická E, Staňková B, Kalousková P, Viguerie N, Larsen TM, van Baak MA, Jebb SA, Martinez JA, Pfeiffer AFH, Kafatos A, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Hill M, Langin D, Zák A, Astrup A, Saris WHM. Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue triglycerides after weight loss and weight maintenance: the DIOGENES study. Physiol Res 2012; 61:597-607. [PMID: 23098653 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue changes with weight loss. Palmitoleic acid as a possible marker of endogenous lipogenesis or its functions as a lipokine are under debate. Objective was to assess the predictive role of adipose triglycerides fatty acids in weight maintenance in participants of the DIOGENES dietary intervention study. After an 8-week low calorie diet (LCD) subjects with > 8 % weight loss were randomized to 5 ad libitum weight maintenance diets for 6 months: low protein (P)/low glycemic index (GI) (LP/LGI), low P/high GI (LP/HGI), high P/low GI (HP/LGI), high P/high GI (HP/HGI), and a control diet. Fatty acid composition in adipose tissue triglycerides was determined by gas chromatography in 195 subjects before the LCD (baseline), after LCD and weight maintenance. Weight change after the maintenance phase was positively correlated with baseline adipose palmitoleic (16:1n-7), myristoleic (14:1n-5) and trans-palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7t). Negative correlation was found with baseline oleic acid (18:1n-9). Lower baseline monounsaturated fatty acids (14:1n-5, 16:1n-7 and trans 16:1n-7) in adipose tissue triglycerides predict better weight maintenance. Lower oleic acid predicts lower weight decrease. These findings suggest a specific role of monounsaturated fatty acids in weight management and as weight change predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunešová
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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30
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Hadjigeorgiou C, Tornaritis M, Savvas S, Solea A, Kafatos A. Obesity and psychological traits associated with eating disorders among Cypriot adolescents: comparison of 2003 and 2010 cohorts. East Mediterr Health J 2012; 18:842-9. [DOI: 10.26719/2012.18.8.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Goumidi L, Grechez A, Dumont J, Cottel D, Kafatos A, Moreno LA, Molnar D, Moschonis G, Gottrand F, Huybrechts I, Dallongeville J, Amouyel P, Delaunay F, Meirhaeghe A. Impact of REV-ERB alpha gene polymorphisms on obesity phenotypes in adult and adolescent samples. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:666-72. [PMID: 22828941 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND REV-ERBα has been shown to regulate adipogenesis and lipid metabolism as well as to link the circadian timing system to whole body metabolic homeostasis. We thus tested whether polymorphisms in REV-ERBα could be associated with metabolic phenotypes in human population samples. METHODS We analyzed the associations between 5 REV-ERBα polymorphisms and anthropometric (body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences), biochemical (plasma lipid, glucose and insulin levels) and clinical (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) variables in three population-based studies (MONICA Lille n=1155 adults, MONA LISA Lille n=1170 adults and HELENA n=1155 adolescents). We assessed in vitro, the potential influence of one REV-ERBα polymorphism in transient transfection assays using two different cell lines. RESULTS We observed significant and consistent associations between the T minor allele of the REV-ERBα rs2071427 polymorphism (located in intron 1) and higher BMI (mean allele effect=+0.33 kg m(-2)) in the MONICA Lille (P=0.02), MONA LISA (P=0.02) and HELENA (P=0.03) studies. The odds ratios for obesity associated with this allele were 1.67 (1.00-2.79) (P=0.05) in MONICA Lille, 1.29 (1.01-1.65) (P=0.04) in MONA LISA Lille and the odds ratio for overweight was 1.48 (1.08-2.03) (P=0.01) in HELENA. In transfection experiments in human hepatocyte-derived cell lines, the REV-ERBα intron 1 directed the transcription of a luciferase reporter gene independently of the rs2071427 polymorphism. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the REV-ERBα rs2071427 polymorphism modulates body fat mass in both adult and young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goumidi
- INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univ Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Lille, France
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32
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Andreou E, Hajigeorgiou P, Kyriakou K, Avraam T, Chappa G, Kallis P, Lazarou C, Philippou C, Christoforou C, Kokkinofta R, Dioghenous C, Savva S, Kafatos A, Zampelas A, Papandreou D. Risk factors of obesity in a cohort of 1001 Cypriot adults: An epidemiological study. Hippokratia 2012; 16:256-260. [PMID: 23935294 PMCID: PMC3738734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults in the Republic of Cyprus, and to evaluate and relate possible obesity risk factors of the adult Cypriot population. METHODS This is an epidemiological cross-sectional study on a stratified random sample of 1001 (48.5% males-51.5% females) subjects, aged 18-80 years old. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary/lifestyle characteristics included in the study. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight (Ow) and obesity (Ob) was 46.9% and 28.8% for males and 26% and 27% for females, respectively. Overweight and obese subjects were found to have statistically significant higher levels of Body Mass Index (p<0.001), Waist circumference (p<0.001), Total serum cholesterol (p<0.001), Low density lipoprotein (p<0.005), Glucose (p<0.007) and Triglycerides (p<0.001) compared to normal peers. In addition, Ow and Ob participants consumed significantly lower levels of fruits and vegetables (p<0.001), exercised less time/d (p<0.001) and smoke more cigarettes/d (p<0.001), compared to normal subjects, respectively. In multiple regression analysis of factors associated with overweight and obesity, Waist Circumference (beta: 1.132, p<0.001), Glucose (beta: 0.892, p<0.045), alcohol consumption (beta: 0.563, p<0.001), and exercise levels (beta: -0.444, p<0.001), were the most significant ones. CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity is very high in Cypriot adults. The current study also revealed a significant positive relation of Ow and Ob with waist circumference, high blood glucose levels and increased consumption of alcohol and a negative one with decreased levels of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andreou
- Cyprus Dietetic Association, Cyprus ; Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
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Garaulet M, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Rey-López JP, Béghin L, Manios Y, Cuenca-García M, Plada M, Diethelm K, Kafatos A, Molnár D, Al-Tahan J, Moreno LA. Short sleep duration is associated with increased obesity markers in European adolescents: effect of physical activity and dietary habits. The HELENA study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 35:1308-17. [PMID: 21792170 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate sleep is a critical factor for adolescent's health and health-related behaviors. OBJECTIVE (a) to describe sleep duration in European adolescents from nine countries, (b) to assess the association of short sleep duration with excess adiposity and (c) to elucidate if physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors and/or inadequate food habits underlie this association. DESIGN A sample of 3311 adolescents (1748 girls) aged 12.5-17.49 years from 10 European cities in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden was assessed in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Study between 2006 and 2008. We measured anthropometric data, sleep duration, PA (accelerometers and questionnaire), television watching and food habits (Food Frequency Questionnaire). RESULTS Average duration of daily sleep was 8 h. Shorter sleepers showed higher values of BMI, body fat, waist and hip circumferences and fat mass index (P<0.05), particularly in females. Adolescents who slept <8 h per day were more sedentary, as assessed by accelerometry, and spent more time watching TV (P<0.05). The proportion of adolescents who eat adequate amounts of fruits, vegetables and fish was lower in shorter sleepers than in adolescents who slept ≥8 h per day, and so was the probability of having adequate food habits (P<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that short sleep is associated with higher obesity parameters. CONCLUSIONS In European adolescents, short sleep duration is associated with higher adiposity markers, particularly in female adolescents. This association seems to be related to both sides of the energy balance equation due to a combination of increased food intake and more sedentary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, Murcia, Spain.
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Papadaki A, Valsta L, Lampi A, Peñalvo J, Adlercreutz H, Vardavas C, Kafatos A. Differences in nutrient intake during a Greek Orthodox Christian fasting and non-fasting week, as assessed by a food composition database and chemical analyses of 7-day weighed food samples. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Gögebakan Ö, Kohl A, Osterhoff M, Saris W, Jebb S, Astrup A, Kafatos A, Martinez J, Handjiev S, Kunešová M, Pfeiffer AF. Der Einfluss 5 verschiedener Diäten, unterschiedlich in Proteingehalt und Glykämischem Index, auf kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren im Rahmen der multinationalen „Diet, Obesity and Genes“ (DiOGenes)-Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Moore CS, Lindroos AK, Kreutzer M, Larsen TM, Astrup A, van Baak MA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Hlavaty P, Kafatos A, Kohl A, Martinez JA, Monsheimer S, Jebb SA. Dietary strategy to manipulate ad libitum macronutrient intake, and glycaemic index, across eight European countries in the Diogenes Study. Obes Rev 2010; 11:67-75. [PMID: 19573053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the development and implementation of a multifaceted, low-fat, weight-loss strategy for a Pan-European randomized controlled dietary intervention study, Diogenes. There were 891 families with at least one overweight/obese parent who underwent screening. Eligible, overweight/obese adults followed an 8-week weight-loss phase with a fixed low-energy diet (800 kcal). On attaining weight loss of > or = 8%, families were randomized to a 6- or 12-month low-fat (25-30%E) diet either based on national dietary guidelines or one of four interventions: low protein (LP)/low glycaemic index (LGI), LP/high GI (HGI), high protein (HP)/LGI and HP/HGI. The impact of each diet in preventing weight (re)gain was tested. A points-based system was used to manipulate dietary protein and carbohydrate. Manipulating carbohydrate composition involved substituting foods with a relatively high or low GI. A questionnaire was designed and completed by study investigators, providing feedback on the dietary intervention methods used to inform future interventions. The points system allowed macronutrient manipulations without compromising dietary flexibility or enforcing energy restrictions. Reported centre/participant differences in the ease of implementing the intervention may reflect dietary diversity and personal preferences for specific weight-management strategies. The points system provides a useful starting point for designing improved experimental paradigms for the manipulation of dietary intake in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Moore
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK.
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37
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Larsen TM, Dalskov S, van Baak M, Jebb S, Kafatos A, Pfeiffer A, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Kunesová M, Holst C, Saris WHM, Astrup A. The Diet, Obesity and Genes (Diogenes) Dietary Study in eight European countries - a comprehensive design for long-term intervention. Obes Rev 2010; 11:76-91. [PMID: 19470086 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00603.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Diogenes is a Pan-European, randomized, controlled dietary intervention study investigating the effects of dietary protein and glycaemic index on weight (re)gain, metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in obese and overweight families in eight European centres. The article is methodological in character, and the presentation of 'results' will be limited to baseline characteristics of the study populations included. A total of 891 families with at least one overweight/obese parent underwent screening. The parents started an initial 8-week low-calorie diet and families with minimum one parent attaining a weight loss of > or = 8%, were randomized to one of five energy ad libitum, low-fat (25-30 E%) diets for 6 or 12 months: low protein/low glycaemic index, low protein/high glycaemic index, high protein/low glycaemic index, high protein/high glycaemic index or control (national dietary guidelines). At two centres the families were provided dietary instruction plus free foods for 6 months followed by 6-month dietary instruction only. At the remaining six centres the families received dietary instruction only for 6 months. The median weight loss during the low-calorie diet was 10.3 kg (inter-quartile range: 8.7-12.8 kg, n = 775). A total of 773 adults and 784 children were randomized to the 6-month weight (re)gain prevention phase. Despite major cultural and dietary regional differences in Europe, interventions addressing effects of dietary factors are feasible with a reasonable attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Larsen
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Chatzi L, Plana E, Pappas A, Alegkakis D, Karakosta P, Daraki V, Vassilaki M, Tsatsanis C, Kafatos A, Koutis A, Kogevinas M. The metabolic syndrome in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolism 2009; 35:490-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Kafatos A, Chrysafidis D, Peraki E. Fatty acids composition of Greek margarines. Margarine consumption by the population of Crete and its relationship to adipose tissue analysis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09637489409166149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mamalakis G, Hatzis C, de Bree E, Sanidas E, Tsiftsis DD, Askoxylakis J, Daskalakis M, Tsibinos G, Kafatos A. Adipose tissue fatty acids in breast cancer patients versus healthy control women from Crete. Ann Nutr Metab 2009; 54:275-82. [PMID: 19641305 DOI: 10.1159/000229508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have implemented biomarkers of fatty acid intake in relation to breast cancer. AIMS To examine possible differences in adipose tissue fatty acid composition between breast cancer patients and healthy control women. The relationship between tumor promotion and adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis was also investigated. METHODS The study was conducted at the University of Crete. Subjects included 94 women with clinically diagnosed cancer of the breast and 131 healthy control women. Histological tumor grading and breast cancer staging were assessed. Fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography in gluteal adipose tissue. RESULTS Conditional logistic regression analysis controlling for potential confounders indicated that elevated adipose monounsaturated fatty acids and oleic acid are associated with reduced odds of breast cancer [OR (T2 vs. T1) 0.15; 95% CI 0.03-0.64, and OR (T2 vs. T1) 0.18; 95% CI 0.04-0.71, respectively]. Adipose myristic acid was associated with an increase in breast cancer risk [OR (T3 vs. T1) 5.66; 95% CI 1.3-23.9]. CONCLUSIONS Adipose oleic acid is inversely related, whereas adipose myristic acid is positively related to breast cancer risk. These relations could be mediated by Her-2/neu and FAS oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mamalakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, Heraklion GR-710 03, Greece.
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Abstract
AIM This prospective observational study investigated the effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on frequency and severity of common infantile infections. METHODS In a representative sample of 926 infants, parental smoking was recorded at months 1 and 9 postpartum, and all infantile infectious episodes were recorded at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postpartum. RESULTS Both parents were regular smokers all through the first year in 107 (11.6%), at least one smoked regularly or occasionally in 492 (53.1%), and parents did not smoke at all in 327 (35.3%) families. Among mothers, 168 (18.1%) smoked perinatally. Infantile ETS exposure was associated with increased frequency of total infectious episodes (p = 0.025) and hospitalizations for infection (p = 0.007). In ETS exposed infants, birth in autumn and presence of siblings contributed to increased frequency of most infections and of hospital admissions for infection. By contrast, exclusive breastfeeding protected against the effect of ETS on total infantile infections (OR 0.982, 95% CI 0.965-0.999; p = 0.036), hospital admissions for infection (OR 0.980, 95% CI 0.961-0.999; p = 0.036) and thrush (OR 0.973, 95% CI 0.951-0.996; p = 0.022). CONCLUSION Our findings point to harmful effect of ETS on infantile health and further suggest that this effect may be enhanced or diminished by other factors. ETS should be regarded as a preventable risk factor for infections in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ladomenou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
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Moreno LA, De Henauw S, González-Gross M, Kersting M, Molnár D, Gottrand F, Barrios L, Sjöström M, Manios Y, Gilbert CC, Leclercq C, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Marcos A. Design and implementation of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 32 Suppl 5:S4-11. [PMID: 19011652 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2008.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Cross-Sectional Study (HELENA-CSS) design, with particular attention to its quality control procedures. Other important methodological aspects are described in detail throughout this supplement. DESIGN Description of the HELENA-CSS sampling and recruitment approaches, standardization and harmonization processes, data collection and analysis strategies and quality control activities. RESULTS The HELENA-CSS is a multi-centre collaborative study conducted in European adolescents located in urban settings. The data management systems, quality assurance monitoring activities, standardized manuals of operating procedures and training and study management are addressed in this paper. Various quality controls to ensure collection of valid and reliable data will be discussed in this supplement, as well as quantitative estimates of measurement error. CONCLUSION The great advantage of the HELENA-CSS is the strict standardization of the fieldwork and the blood analyses, which precludes to a great extent the kind of immeasurable confounding bias that often interferes when comparing results from isolated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Moreno
- Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Tsatsakis A, Zafiropoulos A, Tzatzarakis M, Tzanakakis G, Kafatos A. Relation of PON1 and CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms to clinical findings in a cross-sectional study of a Greek rural population professionally exposed to pesticides. Toxicol Lett 2009; 186:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Papadaki A, Linardakis M, Codrington C, Kafatos A. Nutritional Intake of Children and Adolescents with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Crete, Greece. Ann Nutr Metab 2008; 52:308-14. [DOI: 10.1159/000151484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Boshuizen HC, Lanti M, Menotti A, Moschandreas J, Tolonen H, Nissinen A, Nedeljkovic S, Kafatos A, Kromhout D. THE AUTHORS REPLY. Am J Epidemiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Manios Y, Moschonis G, Kourlaba G, Bouloubasi Z, Grammatikaki E, Spyridaki A, Hatzis C, Kafatos A, Fragiadakis GA. Prevalence and independent predictors of insulin resistance in children from Crete, Greece: the Children Study. Diabet Med 2008; 25:65-72. [PMID: 18028438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proposed that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of IR in Greek schoolchildren and to investigate factors associated with IR. METHODS Between October 2005 and March 2006, 522 children were recruited from Crete. Physical activity and dietary habits, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, as well as medical history of pupils' parents were recorded. IR was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio (FGIR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Multiple linear regression was used to determine independent predictors for IR. RESULTS Fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR scores were higher in obese children and girls compared with their normal-weight peers (P < 0.001). Moreover, the former had lower values in FGIR and QUICKI indices compared with the latter, indicating that obese children and girls are more insulin resistant compared with their counterparts (P < 0.001). The prevalence of IR was 9.2% (2.9% in normal-weight, 10.5% in overweight and 31.0% in obese children), using as a threshold HOMA-IR > 2.10 97.5th percentile of normal-weight participants). Multiple linear regression revealed that central adiposity, female gender and intake of simple carbohydrates is associated positively with HOMA-IR values, even after controlling for many other factors. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that girls and obese children, particularly those with central adiposity, are at high risk of developing IR. Therefore, these groups should be targets of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Manios
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
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De Henauw S, Gottrand F, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Gonzalez-Gross M, Leclercq C, Kafatos A, Molnar D, Marcos A, Castillo M, Dallongeville J, Gilbert CC, Bergman P, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Breidenassel C, Kersting M, Moreno LA. Nutritional status and lifestyles of adolescents from a public health perspective. The HELENA Project—Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence. J Public Health (Oxf) 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-007-0107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
The study aimed to map stakeholders' evaluations of policy options to counter the rising prevalence of obesity in Greece, where the case for action on obesity is only now being made. The multi-criteria mapping method was used to capture and compare stakeholders' appraisals and to provide a policy analysis. Efficacy and practical feasibility were the issues most frequently used by stakeholders to evaluate options and were weighted more highly than cost criteria, which were often defined in terms of governmental costs. There was a broad favourable appraisal for downstream measures offering individuals the skills, information and opportunities to make healthier choices, rather than options to modify the obesogenic environment. Consistently, high rankings were given to educational options, for improving communal facilities and for some information-related options (food labelling, advertising), with particular support for policies targeting the young. There was also significant advocacy by a few for the creation of a new government body charged with intersectoral policy co-ordination. The Policy Options for Responding to the Growing Challenge of Obesity Research Project analyses thus point to support for a portfolio of measures to combat the problem of obesity in Greece as well as an appreciation that political will is an essential prerequisite.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Codrington
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit (PMNU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
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Kafatos I, Manios Y, Moschandreas J, Kafatos A. Health and nutrition education program in primary schools of Crete: changes in blood pressure over 10 years. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 61:837-45. [PMID: 17213871 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the long-term effects of the 'Cretan Health and Nutrition Education Program' on blood pressure. SUBJECTS A representative population of 176 pupils (85 from the intervention schools and 91 from the control schools). DESIGN Blood pressure, dietary, anthropometrical and physical activity data were obtained at baseline (academic year 1992-1993) and at follow-up examination (academic year 2001-2002). RESULTS The findings of the current study revealed that the increase over the 10-year period in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher in the control group (CG) than in the intervention group (IG) (P=0.003 and P<0.001 respectively). Regarding dietary indices, the IG were found to have a significantly higher intake of potassium (P=0.018) and magnesium (P=0.011) compared to the CG. Furthermore, the decrease in body mass index (BMI) z-score observed in the IG was found to differentiate significantly from the increase observed in the CG (P=0.042). On the contrary, the increase in leisure time, moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPA) observed in the IG, was found to differentiate significantly from the decrease observed in the CG (P=0.032). Intervention's effect on SBP was mediated by changes in MVPA (beta=-0.20, P=0.030) and BMI (beta=0.19, P=0.048). Similarly, intervention's effect on DBP was mediated by changes in MVPA (beta=-0.18, P=0.048), BMI (beta=0.26, P=0.007) and magnesium intake (beta=-0.20, P=0.048). CONCLUSION The findings of the current study are encouraging, indicating favorable changes in blood pressure, micronutrients intake, BMI and physical activity over the 10 years of follow-up and 4 years after program's cessation, thus providing some support for the effectiveness of school-based health education programs in successfully tackling certain chronic disease risk factors early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kafatos
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Vardavas C, Yiannopoulos S, Kiriakakis M, Poulli E, Kafatos A. Fatty acid and salt contents of snacks in the Cretan and Cypriot market: A child and adolescent dietary hazard. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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