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Cheval B, Zou L, Maltagliati S, Fessler L, Owen N, Falck RS, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Dupuy O. Intention-behaviour gap in physical activity: unravelling the critical role of the automatic tendency towards effort minimisation. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2024-108144. [PMID: 38777385 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École normale supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
- VIPS2 Laboratory, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Silvio Maltagliati
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Layan Fessler
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, SENS, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan S Falck
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qian Yu
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Science (EKSAP), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Zhao M, Hou M, Herold F, Chen Y, Werneck AO, Block ME, Kramer AF, Taylor A, Cunha PM, Chaput JP, Falck RS, Owen N, Zou L. Associations of meeting 24-hour movement behavior guidelines with social and emotional function in youth with ASD/ADHD. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:189-195. [PMID: 38768826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines recommend that children and adolescents (youth) should limit screen time (ST), get an adequate amount of sleep (SL), and engage in sufficient physical activity (PA) to ensure health and healthy development. Meeting 24-HMB guidelines is associated with positive mental health outcomes (e.g., social and emotional function) in the general population. However, it is unclear whether such findings extend to youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Thus, we examined associations of meeting 24-HMB guidelines with social and emotional function in youth with comorbid ASD/ADHD. METHODS Data from the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children's Health - a U.S. national, population-based, cross-sectional study - were used. We extracted and analyzed data on youth (aged between 6 and 17 years) diagnosed with comorbidity of ASD/ADHD. Data on movement behaviors (PA, ST, and SL) and specific outcome variables (social function and emotional function) were collected through caregiver-proxy reports. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and social and emotional outcomes adjusting for covariates (e.g., age, sex, ethnicity, weight status, birth status, socio-economic status, and receiving medication/behavioral treatment). RESULTS Among 979 children and adolescents with comorbid ASD/ADHD, only 3.8 % met all three 24-HMB guidelines. In total, 45.0 % of participants met at least one guideline, and 25.5 % of those met at least two guidelines. Compared to those who did not meet any 24-HMB guidelines, meeting SL + ST guidelines was significantly associated with lower odds of poorer social function (being bullied: OR = 0.3, 95%CI [0.1-0.7]; arguing: OR = 0.2, 95%CI[0.1-0.4]). Furthermore, meeting PA + ST + SL guidelines was associated with lower odds of poorer emotional function (depression: OR = 0.5, 95%CI[0.3-0.7]). CONCLUSION Meeting 24-HMB guidelines was associated with better social and emotional function in U.S. youth with comorbid ASD/ADHD; however, currently very few with comorbid ASD/ADHD meet all 24-HMB guidelines. These results emphasize the importance of promoting adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines among youth facing the challenges of comorbid ASD/ADHD. These cross-sectional findings point to the need for further empirical evidence from longitudinal studies to support our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxian Zhao
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education; School of psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
| | - Meijun Hou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education; School of psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China.
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education; School of psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Martin E Block
- Department of Kinesiology Program, School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Alyx Taylor
- AECC University College, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo M Cunha
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8LI, Canada
| | - Ryan S Falck
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education; School of psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
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Liu Z, Herold F, Owen N, Huang Z, Kuang J, Kramer AF, Ng JL, Zou L. Associations of meeting 24-hour movement behavior guidelines with prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses among children and adolescents. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 55:101844. [PMID: 38521002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision health is crucial for many aspects of life especially in developing populations such as children and adolescents. However, there is a high proportion of children and adolescents who suffer from visual impairments. Notably, accumulating evidence indicates that meeting the 24-hour movement behaviors (24-HMB) guidelines is associated with positive physical and mental health outcomes in children and adolescents. However, the relationship between being prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and meeting the 24-HMB guidelines has yet to be investigated. Thus, this study aimed to address this gap in the existing literature by using the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) dataset. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, data was retrieved from the 2021 NSCH. A total of 14,193 U.S. children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years were included for data analyses. We used items of the NSCH concerning the 24-HMB guidelines (i.e., physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration) and prescription of eyeglasses/contact lenses that were answered by the legal guardian of the children. Binary logistic regression was performed to investigate whether meeting the 24-HMB guidelines is associated with prescription eyeglasses/contact lenses and whether wearing eyeglasses/contact lenses predicts adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines among children and adolescents. RESULTS More than half of the participants (59.53%) wore eyeglasses/contact lenses and only 8.40% of them met all three of the 24-HMB guidelines. Compared to meeting none of the 24-HMB guidelines, meeting one (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.62-0.93, p = 0.008), two (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.43-0.67, p < 0.001), and all three 24-HMB guidelines (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.34-0.64, p < 0.001) were associated with a lower risk of being prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses among children and adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study provided evidence that the prevalence of U.S. children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years who wore eyeglasses/contact lenses was relatively high. Furthermore, meeting the 24-HMB guidelines was associated with a lower risk of being prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. Future studies focusing on the effects of 24-HMB interventions on vision health among children and adolescents are needed to better inform public health actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Liu
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhenmin Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for Education and Science, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jin Kuang
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan Leo Ng
- School of Education, College of Design and Social Context, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Brakenridge CJ, Koster A, de Galan BE, Carver A, Dumuid D, Dzakpasu FQS, Eussen SJPM, Savelberg HHCM, Bosma H, Owen N, Schaper NC, Healy GN, Dunstan DW. Associations of 24 h time-use compositions of sitting, standing, physical activity and sleeping with optimal cardiometabolic risk and glycaemic control: The Maastricht Study. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06145-0. [PMID: 38656371 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The associations of sitting, standing, physical activity and sleep with cardiometabolic health and glycaemic control markers are interrelated. We aimed to identify 24 h time-use compositions associated with optimal metabolic and glycaemic control and determine whether these varied by diabetes status. METHODS Thigh-worn activPAL data from 2388 participants aged 40-75 years (48.7% female; mean age 60.1 [SD = 8.1] years; n=684 with type 2 diabetes) in The Maastricht Study were examined. Compositional isometric log ratios were generated from mean 24 h time use (sitting, standing, light-intensity physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] and sleeping) and regressed with outcomes of waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h plasma glucose, HbA1c, the Matsuda index expressed as z scores, and with a clustered cardiometabolic risk score. Overall analyses were adjusted for demographics, smoking, dietary intake and diabetes status, and interaction by diabetes status was examined separately. The estimated difference when substituting 30 min of one behaviour with another was determined with isotemporal substitution. To identify optimal time use, all combinations of 24 h compositions possible within the study footprint (1st-99th percentile of each behaviour) were investigated to determine those cross-sectionally associated with the most-optimal outcome (top 5%) for each outcome measure. RESULTS Compositions lower in sitting time and with greater standing time, physical activity and sleeping had the most beneficial associations with outcomes. Associations were stronger in participants with type 2 diabetes (p<0.05 for interactions), with larger estimated benefits for waist circumference, FPG and HbA1c when sitting was replaced by LPA or MVPA in those with type 2 diabetes vs the overall sample. The mean (range) optimal compositions of 24 h time use, considering all outcomes, were 6 h (range 5 h 40 min-7 h 10 min) for sitting, 5 h 10 min (4 h 10 min-6 h 10 min) for standing, 2 h 10 min (2 h-2 h 20 min) for LPA, 2 h 10 min (1 h 40 min-2 h 20 min) for MVPA and 8 h 20 min (7 h 30 min-9 h) for sleeping. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Shorter sitting time and more time spent standing, undergoing physical activity and sleeping are associated with preferable cardiometabolic health. The substitutions of behavioural time use were significantly stronger in their associations with glycaemic control in those with type 2 diabetes compared with those with normoglycaemic metabolism, especially when sitting time was balanced with greater physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Brakenridge
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland.
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alison Carver
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, The School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Francis Q S Dzakpasu
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans H C M Savelberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Bosma
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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5
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Ringin E, Dunstan DW, Meyer D, McIntyre RS, Owen N, Berk M, Hallgren M, Rossell SL, Van Rheenen TE. Relative associations of behavioral and physiological risks for cardiometabolic disease with cognition in bipolar disorder during mid and later-life: findings from the UK biobank. Psychol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38563285 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic disease risk factors are disproportionately prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) and are associated with cognitive impairment. It is, however, unknown which health risk factors for cardiometabolic disease are relevant to cognition in BD. This study aimed to identify the cardiometabolic disease risk factors that are the most important correlates of cognitive impairment in BD; and to examine whether the nature of the relationships vary between mid and later life. METHODS Data from the UK Biobank were available for 966 participants with BD, aged between 40 and 69 years. Individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors were initially regressed onto a global cognition score in separate models for the following risk factor domains; (1) health risk behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking, and sleep) and (2) physiological risk factors, stratified into (2a) anthropometric and clinical risk (handgrip strength, body composition, and blood pressure), and (2b) cardiometabolic disease risk biomarkers (CRP, lipid profile, and HbA1c). A final combined multivariate regression model for global cognition was then fitted, including only the predictor variables that were significantly associated with cognition in the previous models. RESULTS In the final combined model, lower mentally active and higher passive sedentary behavior, higher levels of physical activity, inadequate sleep duration, higher systolic and lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower handgrip strength were associated with worse global cognition. CONCLUSIONS Health risk behaviors, as well as blood pressure and muscular strength, are associated with cognitive function in BD, whereas other traditional physiological cardiometabolic disease risk factors are not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Orygen Youth Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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Zou L, Herold F, Cheval B, Wheeler MJ, Pindus DM, Erickson KI, Raichlen DA, Alexander GE, Müller NG, Dunstan DW, Kramer AF, Hillman CH, Hallgren M, Ekelund U, Maltagliati S, Owen N. Sedentary behavior and lifespan brain health. Trends Cogn Sci 2024; 28:369-382. [PMID: 38431428 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Higher levels of physical activity are known to benefit aspects of brain health across the lifespan. However, the role of sedentary behavior (SB) is less well understood. In this review we summarize and discuss evidence on the role of SB on brain health (including cognitive performance, structural or functional brain measures, and dementia risk) for different age groups, critically compare assessment approaches to capture SB, and offer insights into emerging opportunities to assess SB via digital technologies. Across the lifespan, specific characteristics of SB (particularly whether they are cognitively active or cognitively passive) potentially act as moderators influencing the associations between SB and specific brain health outcomes. We outline challenges and opportunities for future research aiming to provide more robust empirical evidence on these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fabian Herold
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France; Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Michael J Wheeler
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Dominika M Pindus
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David A Raichlen
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721, USA
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, The Norwegian Institute for Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silvio Maltagliati
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Rosenberg DE, Zhu W, Greenwood-Hickman MA, Cook AJ, Florez Acevedo S, McClure JB, Arterburn DE, Cooper J, Owen N, Dunstan D, Perry SR, Yarborough L, Mettert KD, Green BB. Sitting Time Reduction and Blood Pressure in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e243234. [PMID: 38536177 PMCID: PMC10973891 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Practical health promotion strategies for improving cardiometabolic health in older adults are needed. Objective To examine the efficacy of a sedentary behavior reduction intervention for reducing sitting time and improving blood pressure in older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in adults aged 60 to 89 years with high sitting time and body mass index of 30 to 50 from January 1, 2019, to November 31, 2022, at a health care system in Washington State. Intervention Participants were randomized 1:1 to the sitting reduction intervention or a healthy living attention control condition for 6 months. Intervention participants received 10 health coaching contacts, sitting reduction goals, and a standing desk and fitness tracker to prompt sitting breaks. The attention control group received 10 health coaching contacts to set general healthy living goals, excluding physical activity or sedentary behavior. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome, measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, was sitting time assessed using accelerometers worn for 7 days at each time point. Coprimary outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured at baseline and 6 months. Results A total of 283 participants (140 intervention and 143 control) were randomized (baseline mean [SD] age, 68.8 [6.2] years; 186 [65.7%] female; mean [SD] body mass index, 34.9 [4.7]). At baseline, 147 (51.9%) had a hypertension diagnosis and 97 (69.3%) took at least 1 antihypertensive medication. Sitting time was reduced, favoring the intervention arm, with a difference in the mean change of -31.44 min/d at 3 months (95% CI, -48.69 to -14.19 min/d; P < .001) and -31.85 min/d at 6 months (95% CI, -52.91 to -10.79 min/d; P = .003). Systolic blood pressure change was lower by 3.48 mm Hg, favoring the intervention arm at 6 months (95% CI, -6.68 to -0.28 mm Hg; P = .03). There were 6 serious adverse events in each arm and none were study related. Conclusions and Relevance In this study of a 6-month sitting reduction intervention, older adults in the intervention reduced sedentary time by more than 30 min/d and reduced systolic blood pressure. Sitting reduction could be a promising approach to improve health in older adults. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03739762.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dori E. Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | | | - Andrea J. Cook
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | - Stefani Florez Acevedo
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jennifer B. McClure
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California
| | | | - Julie Cooper
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Beverly B. Green
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California
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Hou M, Herold F, Werneck AO, Teychenne M, Paoli AGD, Taylor A, Van Damme T, Kramer AF, Hossain MM, Yeung AS, Owen N, Gerber M, Ludyga S, Cheval B, Zou L. Associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with externalizing and internalizing problems among children and adolescents prescribed with eyeglasses/contact lenses. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100435. [PMID: 38287942 PMCID: PMC10823091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence points towards the psychological benefits of meeting 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines, but such associations have not yet been investigated among children and adolescents of prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. To this end, we examined associations of meeting 24-HMB guidelines with internalizing and externalizing challenges in this population. Methods We used data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health, a cross-sectional survey including a representative sample of US children and adolescents. Data on movement behaviors (physical activity [PA], sedentary behavior operationalized via screen time [ST], and sleep duration [SL]) and internalizing and externalizing problems were collected through caregiver proxy reports. Caregivers completed questionnaires for 6030 (2799 girls) US children and adolescents of prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the above-presented associations. Results Only 7.1 % of those prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses met all three 24-HMB guidelines, while they were more likely to meet SL guideline alone (32.1 %) in relation to other independent guidelines including PA (2.5 %) and ST (10.9 %). Compared to not meeting any of the three 24-HMB guidelines, meeting at least two guidelines (25.22 %) was significantly linked to lower odds of internalizing problems and externalizing problems. Conclusion Meeting at least two components of the 24-HMB guidelines was beneficially linked to internalizing and externalizing problems. Thus, strategies or intervention programs that focus on meeting 24-HMB guidelines should be implemented among children and adolescents of those prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses to foster coping with psychological issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Hou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - André O. Werneck
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alyx Taylor
- AECC University College, School of Rehabilitation, Sport and Psychology, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, US
| | - Mahbub M Hossain
- Department of Decision and Information Sciences, C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France
- Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Miyawaki R, Shibata A, Ishii K, Owen N, Oka K. Appropriately Addressing Too Much Sitting as a Public Health Issue: Content Analysis of Coverage in the Five Major National Japanese Newspapers. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:20-28. [PMID: 38152954 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231220470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent international public health guidelines now address reducing and breaking up time spent sitting (sedentary behavior). Japanese people spend considerable time sitting in workplaces and other contexts. With potential future public health guidelines in Japan, there is the need for greater public awareness of the importance of reducing sedentary time and of practical ways to do so. From the five major Japanese national newspapers, articles on sedentary behavior published between 2000 and 2021 were identified and coded for content analysis, including the main topic of the article, population group, sedentary behavior context or domain, health outcome, and solutions for reducing sedentary time. There were 53 articles identified, with sedentary behavior being the main topic in 22; workers as a population group appeared in 20 articles and workplaces as a domain in 22. More than 70% mentioned health influences, but fewer than 60% mentioned solutions. Further to informing the public about adverse health influences and consequences for workers and workplaces, there is also the need for improved coverage of the broader benefits of reducing sitting time, sedentary behavior among older adults and children, sitting in all aspects of daily life, and, importantly, considering public health guidelines and solutions for reducing prolonged sitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Miyawaki
- School of Arts and Letters, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Neville Owen
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
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10
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Lin CY, Shibata A, Ishii K, Koohsari MJ, Hadgraft N, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Oka K. Reallocating desk workers' sitting time to standing or stepping: associations with work performance. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:575-580. [PMID: 38104251 PMCID: PMC10824261 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have suggested that sitting time at work may lead to underperformance but they may underestimate the benefits to desk workers' performance of reducing occupational sitting time without considering the relative effects of the specific activities replaced. AIMS To estimate differences in work performance (presenteeism, absenteeism and engagement) when occupational sitting time is reallocated to standing/stepping in desk workers. METHODS Data for middle-aged desk workers were from a Japan-wide online survey (n = 2228). Self-report proportion of occupational sitting and standing/stepping, work hours and work performance indicators, including absolute (ratings relating only to self) and relative (ratings of self, compared to others) presenteeism and absenteeism, and dimensions of work engagement, were collected. Partition and isotemporal substitution models were used to investigate the associations of occupational sitting and standing/stepping time with work performance, including their reallocation effects. RESULTS In partition models, longer occupational sitting time was associated with a lower absolute presenteeism score (i.e. less productivity), lower absolute absenteeism (i.e. longer-than-expected work hours), and lower engagement. Longer occupational standing/stepping time was associated with lower absolute absenteeism and more engagement. Isotemporal substitution models showed that each hour of occupational sitting reallocated to standing/stepping was favourably associated with overall work engagement (B = 0.087; 95% confidence interval 0.051, 0.122) and its dimensions (B ranged from 0.078 to 0.092), but was not associated with presenteeism or absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that management support and practical initiatives to encourage desk workers to replace portions of their sitting time with standing/stepping may contribute to enhanced work engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Lin
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040Taiwan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192Japan
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122Australia
| | - A Shibata
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577Japan
| | - K Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192Japan
| | - M J Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192Japan
- School of Knowledge Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, 923-1292Japan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216Australia
| | - N Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004Australia
| | - D W Dunstan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004Australia
| | - N Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004Australia
| | - K Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192Japan
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11
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Prince SA, Lang JJ, de Groh M, Badland H, Barnett A, Littlejohns LB, Brandon NC, Butler GP, Casu G, Cerin E, Colley RC, de Lannoy L, Demchenko I, Ellingwood HN, Evenson KR, Faulkner G, Fridman L, Friedenreich CM, Fuller DL, Fuselli P, Giangregorio LM, Gupta N, Hino AA, Hume C, Isernhagen B, Jalaludin B, Lakerveld J, Larouche R, Lemon SC, Loucaides CA, Maddock JE, McCormack GR, Mehta A, Milton K, Mota J, Ngo VD, Owen N, Oyeyemi AL, Palmeira AL, Rainham DG, Rhodes RE, Ridgers ND, Roosendaal I, Rosenberg DE, Schipperijn J, Slater SJ, Storey KE, Tremblay MS, Tully MA, Vanderloo LM, Veitch J, Vietinghoff C, Whiting S, Winters M, Yang L, Geneau R. Prioritizing a research agenda on built environments and physical activity: a twin panel Delphi consensus process with researchers and knowledge users. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:144. [PMID: 38062460 PMCID: PMC10704660 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth of urban dwelling populations globally has led to rapid increases of research and policy initiatives addressing associations between the built environment and physical activity (PA). Given this rapid proliferation, it is important to identify priority areas and research questions for moving the field forward. The objective of this study was to identify and compare research priorities on the built environment and PA among researchers and knowledge users (e.g., policy makers, practitioners). METHODS Between September 2022 and April 2023, a three-round, modified Delphi survey was conducted among two independent panels of international researchers (n = 38) and knowledge users (n = 23) to identify similarities and differences in perceived research priorities on the built environment and PA and generate twin 'top 10' lists of the most important research needs. RESULTS From a broad range of self-identified issues, both panels ranked in common the most pressing research priorities including stronger study designs such as natural experiments, research that examines inequalities and inequities, establishing the cost effectiveness of interventions, safety and injuries related to engagement in active transportation (AT), and considerations for climate change and climate adaptation. Additional priorities identified by researchers included: implementation science, research that incorporates Indigenous perspectives, land-use policies, built environments that support active aging, and participatory research. Additional priorities identified by knowledge users included: built environments and PA among people living with disabilities and a need for national data on trip chaining, multi-modal travel, and non-work or school-related AT. CONCLUSIONS Five common research priorities between the two groups emerged, including (1) to better understand causality, (2) interactions with the natural environment, (3) economic evaluations, (4) social disparities, and (5) preventable AT-related injuries. The findings may help set directions for future research, interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaborations, and funding opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Prince
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Justin J Lang
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Hannah Badland
- Social and Global Studies Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lori Baugh Littlejohns
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Population and Public Health, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Gregory P Butler
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Géna Casu
- Association pour la santé publique du Québec (ASPQ), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rachel C Colley
- Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Iryna Demchenko
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kelly R Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liraz Fridman
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel L Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Lora M Giangregorio
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neeru Gupta
- Department of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Adriano A Hino
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Clare Hume
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Larouche
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephenie C Lemon
- Prevention Research Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jay E Maddock
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- School of Planning, Architecture, and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Aman Mehta
- Maroondah City Council, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Milton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center in Physical Activity, health and Leisure (CIAFEL)-Faculty of Sports-University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor D Ngo
- Canadian Institute of Planners, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neville Owen
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Daniel G Rainham
- Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | - Dori E Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sandra J Slater
- Bachelor of Science in Public Health Program, School of Pharmacy, Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kate E Storey
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Outdoor Play Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonberry, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- ParticipACTION, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Whiting
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meghan Winters
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linchuan Yang
- Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Robert Geneau
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
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12
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Dzakpasu FQS, Owen N, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Eakin EG, Healy GN, Lamontagne AD, Moodie M, Coenen P, Straker L, Dunstan DW. Changes in Desk-Based Workers' Sitting, Standing, and Stepping Time: Short- and Longer-Term Effects on Musculoskeletal Pain. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:2241-2252. [PMID: 37729188 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sitting at work can be associated with musculoskeletal pain, but the effect of reductions in sitting is not well understood. We examined relationships with musculoskeletal pain of changes in sitting, standing, stepping, and short and long bouts of these behaviors. METHODS Analyses pooled data from 224 desk workers (68.4% women; mean ± SD age = 45.5 ± 9.4 yr; body mass index = 28.1 ± 6.1 kg⋅m -2 ) in intervention trial. Device-assessed (activPAL3) sitting, standing, and stepping time and multisite musculoskeletal pain (Nordic Questionnaire; 12 body areas) were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Compositional data analyses in linear mixed-effects regressions examined relationships within 16 waking hours of the behaviors and their short and long bouts, with changes from baseline in acute and chronic multisite musculoskeletal pain at 3 and 12 months. Analyses were adjusted for initial group randomization and relevant covariates. RESULTS At 3 months, increased standing relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with increased multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10 to 2.98; chronic: β = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.12 to 2.83). By contrast, increased stepping relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with reduced multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = -1.49, 95% CI = -2.97 to -0.02; chronic: β = -1.87, 95% CI = -3.75 to -0.01). Neither sitting reduction relative to changes in other compositions nor changes in short bouts relative to long bouts of the behaviors were significantly associated with multisite musculoskeletal pain changes. At 12 months, there were no significant associations for any of the compositional changes. CONCLUSIONS In the short term, while increasing standing with reduced sitting time can be unfavorable, concurrently increasing stepping could potentially reduce musculoskeletal pain. In the longer term, musculoskeletal pain may not be increased by moderate reductions in sitting time through spending more time standing or stepping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Q S Dzakpasu
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Alison Carver
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Christian J Brakenridge
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, FINLAND
| | - Elizabeth G Eakin
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, AUSTRALIA
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, AUSTRALIA
| | - Anthony D Lamontagne
- Institute for Health Transformation and School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Marj Moodie
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AUSTRALIA
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13
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Werneck AO, Owen N, Araujo RHO, Silva DR, Hallgren M. Mentally-passive sedentary behavior and incident depression: Mediation by inflammatory markers. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:847-853. [PMID: 37467803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB; time spent sitting, as distinct from lack of exercise or physical activity) is associated with depression, yet little is known about the relationship between different types of SB (e.g., mentally-passive versus mentally-active) with depression and potential biological mediators of these associations. METHODS We used cohort data from the 1958 National Child Development Study (n = 4607; 50.4 % women), conducted in UK, employing the 44 y and 46 y waves as baseline, and the 50 y and 55 y waves as follow-up. Participants reported time spent in TV viewing and watching videos (mentally-passive SB); and, time sitting while doing light activities such as deskwork or driving a car during worktime (mentally-active SB). Depression diagnosis was self-reported during the initial and follow-up waves. Waist circumference, C-reactive protein, and glycated hemoglobin were examined as potential mediators. RESULTS Mentally-passive SB was associated with incident depression (HR: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.19; 1.71), while there was no association for mentally-active SB. Waist circumference (coefficient: -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05; -0.01; 9.2 %) and C-reactive protein (coefficient: -0.03; 95%CI: -0.04; -0.01; 8.3 %), but not glycated hemoglobin, partly mediated the association for mentally-passive SB. CONCLUSIONS In the relationship of mentally-passive SB with incident depression, the mediating contributions of waist circumference and C-reactive protein point to possible inflammatory-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Brazil; Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Seville, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
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14
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Pinto AJ, Bergouignan A, Dempsey PC, Roschel H, Owen N, Gualano B, Dunstan DW. Physiology of sedentary behavior. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2561-2622. [PMID: 37326297 PMCID: PMC10625842 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors (SB) are characterized by low energy expenditure while in a sitting or reclining posture. Evidence relevant to understanding the physiology of SB can be derived from studies employing several experimental models: bed rest, immobilization, reduced step count, and reducing/interrupting prolonged SB. We examine the relevant physiological evidence relating to body weight and energy balance, intermediary metabolism, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system, and immunity and inflammatory responses. Excessive and prolonged SB can lead to insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, shift in substrate use toward carbohydrate oxidation, shift in muscle fiber from oxidative to glycolytic type, reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, loss of muscle mass and strength and bone mass, and increased total body fat mass and visceral fat depot, blood lipid concentrations, and inflammation. Despite marked differences across individual studies, longer term interventions aimed at reducing/interrupting SB have resulted in small, albeit marginally clinically meaningful, benefits on body weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c and HDL concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and vascular function in adults and older adults. There is more limited evidence for other health-related outcomes and physiological systems and for children and adolescents. Future research should focus on the investigation of molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning adaptations to increasing and reducing/interrupting SB and the necessary changes in SB and physical activity to impact physiological systems and overall health in diverse population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Pinto
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Selvakumaran S, Lin CY, Hadgraft N, Chandrabose M, Owen N, Sugiyama T. Area-level socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity: Systematic review on moderation by built-environment attributes. Health Place 2023; 83:103101. [PMID: 37625238 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Residents of lower socioeconomic status (SES) areas are at a higher risk of overweight/obesity than those from higher SES areas. Built environment attributes may mitigate such inequalities. This systematic review synthesised findings of studies examining built environment attributes as potential moderators of the associations between area-level SES and overweight/obesity in adults. From five databases, nine eligible studies were identified. The SES-overweight/obesity relationship was stronger in inner areas and suburbs of large cities, while it was weaker in more rural areas. Two studies examined walkability and reported contrasting findings: no moderation in one and marginally significant moderation (less inequality in higher walkability areas) in the other. No evidence of moderation was found for street connectivity, population density, the food environment, access to physical activity facilities and several perceived environmental attributes. Further research is needed on other built environment attributes (e.g., access to, quantity and quality of green spaces, active transport features), and ideally using prospective study designs and objective makers of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungkavi Selvakumaran
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Manoj Chandrabose
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Level 1 EW Building, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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16
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Lin CY, Chandrabose M, Hadgraft N, Selvakumaran S, Owen N, Oka K, Shibata A, Sugiyama T. Neighborhood socioeconomic status and cardiometabolic risk: mediating roles of domain-specific physical activities and sedentary behaviors. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 83:1-7. [PMID: 37094624 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the potential mediating roles of domain-specific physical activities and sedentary behaviors in the relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and cardiometabolic risk. METHODS Data were from the 2011/2012 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study (n = 3431). The outcome was a clustered cardiometabolic risk (CCR) score, and the exposure was suburb-level SES. Potential mediators were domain-specific physical activities and sedentary behaviors. Multilevel linear regression models examined associations between SES and potential mediators (α) and between mediators and CCR (β). Mediation was assessed using the joint-significance test. RESULTS Higher SES was associated with a lower CCR score. Lower SES was associated with less frequent walking for transport, lower vigorous-intensity recreational physical activity, and higher TV time, which were associated with higher CCR scores. However, higher SES was associated with longer transport-related sitting time (all modes and in cars), which were associated with higher CCR scores. CONCLUSIONS The SES-cardiometabolic risk relationship may be partially explained by walking for transport, vigorous-intensity recreational physical activity, and TV viewing. These findings, which require corroboration from prospective evidence and clarification of the roles of transport-related sitting and occupational physical activity, can inform initiatives addressing socioeconomic inequalities in cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Manoj Chandrabose
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sungkavi Selvakumaran
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Sugiyama T, Cole R, Hadgraft N, Owen N, Thompson RG, Chandrabose M. Area-level associations of travel behaviour metrics with waist circumference: findings from linkage of travel and health surveys. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8136. [PMID: 37208412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual-level analyses have consistently shown associations of travel behaviours with obesity-related measures. However, transport planning policies often target areas rather than individuals. To better inform transport-related policies and initiatives for obesity prevention, area-level relationships need to be investigated. This study linked data from two travel surveys with data from the Australian National Health Survey at the level of Population Health Areas (PHAs) and examined to what extent area-level travel behaviours metrics (prevalence of active travel, mixed travel and sedentary travel, diversity of travel modes) were associated with the rate of high waist circumference. Data from 51,987 travel survey participants were aggregated into 327 PHAs. Bayesian conditional autoregressive models were used to account for spatial autocorrelation. It was found that statistically replacing participants who relied on cars for travel (without walking/cycling) with those engaging in 30+ min/d of walking/cycling (without car use) was associated with a lower rate of high waist circumference. Areas with greater diversity of travel modes (mix of walking/cycling, car use, public transport use) also had lower prevalence of high waist circumference. This data-linkage study suggests that area-level transport planning strategies addressing car dependency, shifting car use to walking/cycling over 30 min/d, may help to reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Rachel Cole
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Russel G Thompson
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Manoj Chandrabose
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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18
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Mee H, Castano Leon A, Anwar F, Grieve K, Owen N, Turner C, Whiting G, Viaroli E, Timofeev I, Helmy A, Kolias A, Hutchinson P. Towards a core outcome set for cranioplasty following traumatic brain injury and stroke 'A systematic review of reported outcomes'. Brain Spine 2023; 3:101735. [PMID: 37383457 PMCID: PMC10293280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2023.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Background There is wide-ranging published literature around cranioplasty following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, but the heterogeneity of outcomes limits the ability for meta-analysis. Consensus on appropriate outcome measures has not been reached, and given the clinical and research interest, a core outcome set (COS) would be beneficial. Objectives To collate outcomes currently reported across the cranioplasty literature which will subsequently be used in developing a cranioplasty COS. Methods This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. All full-text English studies with more than ten patients (prospective) or more than 20 patients (retrospective) published after 1990 examining outcomes in CP were eligible for inclusion. Results The review included 205 studies from which 202 verbatim outcomes were extracted, grouped into 52 domains, and categorised into one or more of the OMERACT 2.0 framework core area(s). The total numbers of studies that reported outcomes in the core areas are 192 (94%) pathophysiological manifestations/ 114 (56%) resource use/economic impact/ 94 (46%) life impact/mortality 20 (10%). In addition, there are 61 outcome measures used in the 205 studies across all domains. Conclusion This study shows considerable heterogeneity in the types of outcomes used across the cranioplasty literature, demonstrating the importance and necessity of developing a COS to help standardise reporting across the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Mee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. Castano Leon
- Neurosurgery Department, Research Institute i+12-CIBERESP, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Anwar
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - K. Grieve
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - N. Owen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - C. Turner
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - G. Whiting
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - E. Viaroli
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - I. Timofeev
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. Helmy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. Kolias
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P. Hutchinson
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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19
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Pinto AJ, Rezende D, Sieczkowska SM, Meireles K, Bonfiglioli K, Ribeiro ACDM, Bonfá E, Owen N, Dunstan DW, Roschel H, Gualano B. Increased Prolonged Sitting in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Within-Subjects, Accelerometer-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3944. [PMID: 36900955 PMCID: PMC10001724 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social distancing measures designed to contain the COVID-19 pandemic can restrict physical activity, a particular concern for high-risk patient groups. We assessed rheumatoid arthritis patients' physical activity and sedentary behavior level, pain, fatigue, and health-related quality of life prior to and during the social distancing measures implemented in Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Post-menopausal females diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis were assessed before (from March 2018 to March 2020) and during (from 24 May to 7 July 2020) social distancing measures to contain COVID-19 pandemic, using a within-subjects, repeated-measure design. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed using accelerometry (ActivPAL micro). Pain, fatigue, and health-related quality of life were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS Mean age was 60.9 years and BMI was 29.5 Kg/m2. Disease activity ranged from remission to moderate activity. During social distancing, there were reductions in light-intensity activity (13.0% [-0.2 h/day, 95% CI: -0.4 to -0.04; p = 0.016]) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (38.8% [-4.5 min/day, 95% CI: -8.1 to -0.9; p = 0.015]), but not in standing time and sedentary time. However, time spent in prolonged bouts of sitting ≥30 min increased by 34% (1.0 h/day, 95% CI: 0.3 to 1.7; p = 0.006) and ≥60 min increased by 85% (1.0 h/day, 95% CI: 0.5 to 1.6). There were no changes in pain, fatigue, and health-related quality of life (all p > 0.050). CONCLUSIONS Imposed social distancing measures to contain the COVID-19 outbreak were associated with decreased physical activity and increased prolonged sedentary behavior, but did not change clinical symptoms sitting among patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jessica Pinto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Diego Rezende
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Sofia Mendes Sieczkowska
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Kamila Meireles
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Karina Bonfiglioli
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina de Medeiros Ribeiro
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Bonfá
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, John St, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - David W. Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of Sao Paulo, R. do Lago, 250, Sao Paulo 05508-080, Brazil
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20
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Dzakpasu FQS, Koster A, Owen N, Galan BED, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Boonen A, Bosma H, Dagnelie PC, Eussen SJPM, Sethi P, Stehouwer CDA, Schaper NC, Dunstan DW. Device-measured sitting time and musculoskeletal pain in adults with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes-The Maastricht Study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285276. [PMID: 37141228 PMCID: PMC10159126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detrimental associations of sedentary behaviour (time spent sitting) with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions have been observed. However, findings on those with, or at risk of, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not been reported. We examined the linear and non-linear associations of device-measured daily sitting time with MSP outcomes according to glucose metabolism status (GMS). METHODS Cross-sectional data from 2827 participants aged 40-75 years in the Maastricht Study (1728 with normal glucose metabolism (NGM); 441 with prediabetes; 658 with T2D), for whom valid data were available on activPAL-derived daily sitting time, MSP [neck, shoulder, low back, and knee pain], and GMS. Associations were examined by logistic regression analyses, adjusted serially for relevant confounders, including moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and body mass index (BMI). Restricted cubic splines were used to further examine non-linear relationships. RESULTS The fully adjusted model (including BMI, MVPA, and history of cardiovascular disease) showed daily sitting time to be significantly associated with knee pain in the overall sample (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01-1.12) and in those with T2D (OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.00-1.22); this was not statistically significant in those with prediabetes (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.91-1.18) or NGM (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.98-1.13). There were no statistically significant associations between daily sitting time and neck, shoulder, or low back pain in any of the models. Furthermore, the non-linear relationships were statistically non-significant. CONCLUSION Among middle-aged and older adults with T2D, daily sitting time was significantly associated with higher odds of knee pain, but not with neck, shoulder, or low back pain. No significant association was observed in those without T2D for neck, shoulder, low back, or knee pain. Future studies, preferably those utilising prospective designs, could examine additional attributes of daily sitting (e.g., sitting bouts and domain-specific sitting time) and the potential relationships of knee pain with mobility limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Q S Dzakpasu
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alison Carver
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian J Brakenridge
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Annelies Boonen
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Bosma
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Parneet Sethi
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Bellettiere J, Nakandala S, Tuz-Zahra F, Winkler EAH, Hibbing PR, Healy GN, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Greenwood-Hickman MA, Rosenberg DE, Zou J, Carlson JA, Di C, Dillon LW, Jankowska MM, LaCroix AZ, Ridgers ND, Zablocki R, Kumar A, Natarajan L. CHAP-Adult: A Reliable and Valid Algorithm to Classify Sitting and Measure Sitting Patterns Using Data From Hip-Worn Accelerometers in Adults Aged 35. J Meas Phys Behav 2022; 5:215-223. [PMID: 38260182 PMCID: PMC10803054 DOI: 10.1123/jmpb.2021-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background Hip-worn accelerometers are commonly used, but data processed using the 100 counts per minute cut point do not accurately measure sitting patterns. We developed and validated a model to accurately classify sitting and sitting patterns using hip-worn accelerometer data from a wide age range of older adults. Methods Deep learning models were trained with 30-Hz triaxial hip-worn accelerometer data as inputs and activPAL sitting/nonsitting events as ground truth. Data from 981 adults aged 35-99 years from cohorts in two continents were used to train the model, which we call CHAP-Adult (Convolutional Neural Network Hip Accelerometer Posture-Adult). Validation was conducted among 419 randomly selected adults not included in model training. Results Mean errors (activPAL - CHAP-Adult) and 95% limits of agreement were: sedentary time -10.5 (-63.0, 42.0) min/day, breaks in sedentary time 1.9 (-9.2, 12.9) breaks/day, mean bout duration -0.6 (-4.0, 2.7) min, usual bout duration -1.4 (-8.3, 5.4) min, alpha .00 (-.04, .04), and time in ≥30-min bouts -15.1 (-84.3, 54.1) min/day. Respective mean (and absolute) percent errors were: -2.0% (4.0%), -4.7% (12.2%), 4.1% (11.6%), -4.4% (9.6%), 0.0% (1.4%), and 5.4% (9.6%). Pearson's correlations were: .96, .92, .86, .92, .78, and .96. Error was generally consistent across age, gender, and body mass index groups with the largest deviations observed for those with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Conclusions Overall, these strong validation results indicate CHAP-Adult represents a significant advancement in the ambulatory measurement of sitting and sitting patterns using hip-worn accelerometers. Pending external validation, it could be widely applied to data from around the world to extend understanding of the epidemiology and health consequences of sitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bellettiere
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Supun Nakandala
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fatima Tuz-Zahra
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Paul R Hibbing
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Dori E Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jingjing Zou
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Chongzhi Di
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lindsay W Dillon
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Qualcomm Institute/Calit2, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Rong Zablocki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE This review presents a general overview of the state of evidence on the relationships between neighborhood built environments and cardiovascular health outcomes among adults. We also summarize relevant literature on the associations of built environments with active living behaviors (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior), as they are considered as key behavioral pathways. REVIEW METHODS We identified recently published systematic reviews assessing associations of built environment attributes with cardiovascular health outcomes or active living behaviors. We summarized findings of the key systematic reviews and presented findings of pertinent empirical studies, where appropriate. SUMMARY Increasing evidence suggests that living in a place supportive of engaging in PA for transportation (eg, walkability features) and recreation (eg, parks) can be protective against cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Places conducive to higher levels of sedentary travel (ie, prolonged sitting in cars) may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health. The built environment of where people live can affect how active they are and subsequently their cardiovascular health. Clinical professionals are encouraged to consider the built environment features of where their patients live in counseling, as this may assist them to understand potential opportunities or barriers to active living and to propose a suitable CVD prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Chandrabose
- Healthy Cities Research Group, Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia (Drs Chandrabose, Owen, Sugiyama, and Hadgraft); Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Drs Chandrabose, Owen, Sugiyama, and Hadgraft); and Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Dr den Braver)
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23
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Ringin E, Meyer D, Neill E, Phillipou A, Tan EJ, Toh WL, Sumner PJ, Owen N, Hallgren M, Dunstan DW, Rossell SL, Van Rheenen TE. Psychological-health correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour during the COVID pandemic. Ment Health Phys Act 2022; 23:100481. [PMID: 36406837 PMCID: PMC9664206 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While physical inactivity is associated with adverse psychological outcomes, less is known about the psychological outcomes associated with sedentary behaviour, and specifically, its mentally active and passive forms. The COVID-19 pandemic represents a unique opportunity to study associations between these variables in light of widespread stay-at-home mandates and restrictions on outdoor exercise/social activities. Using a cross-sectional dataset acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, we examined whether physical activity and sedentary behaviour were associated with subjective quality of life (sQoL) and subjective cognitive dysfunction, and whether these associations were mediated by depressive symptoms. METHODS 658 participants (males = 169, females = 489) self-reported data on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in an online survey during May 2020-May 2021. Data on physical activity and sedentary behaviour (both mentally active and passive types) was compared according to whether it was collected during or out of a lockdown period. Regression models were used to test associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with sQoL and subjective cognitive dysfunction, and whether these associations were mediated by depression severity. RESULTS Physical activity was beneficially associated with sQoL, whereas sedentary behaviour (both total hours and the reduction of mentally active/increase in mentally passive behaviour) was detrimentally associated with sQoL. These associations were mediated by depression severity. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were also indirectly associated with subjective cognitive dysfunction by virtue of their associations with depression severity. CONCLUSIONS There are important differences in the psychological correlates of mentally passive and active sedentary behaviours. Our findings suggest that health promotion strategies should focus on not only increasing physical activity but also reducing passive sedentary behaviours as a means of maintaining good psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erica Neill
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Phillipou
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Mental Health, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric J Tan
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Lin Toh
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip J Sumner
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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24
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Yue Y, Yang D, Owen N, Van Dyck D. The built environment and mental health among older adults in Dalian: The mediating role of perceived environmental attributes. Soc Sci Med 2022; 311:115333. [PMID: 36084518 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The basic attributes of the urban built environment are an important factor affecting mental health. However, research has rarely distinguished objective and perceived built environment characteristics to explore the associations with older adults' mental health. Based on data of 879 respondents aged 60 or older in Dalian, China, we explored the mediating roles of perceived built environmental attributes in the relationship between objective built environmental characteristics and mental wellbeing by structural equation modelling. Furthermore, to control for residential self-selection, the model was further tested by excluding the participants who self-selected their residences. The results showed that accessibility to daily living service facilities was positively associated with older adults' mental wellbeing through an indirect role of perceived built environmental attributes. The positive direct effect of aggregation of daily living service facilities on mental wellbeing was offset by the negative indirect effects of perceived built environmental attributes. In addition, the street interface density was negatively related to mental wellbeing through indirect effects. The diverse leisure, exercise and landscape facilities, underground parking and presence of elevators within neighborhoods were all positively associated with older adults' mental wellbeing through direct and/or indirect effects. The results were verified after excluding residential self-selection samples. These findings are helpful for evidence-based planning strategies and can provide guidelines on designing neighborhood landscapes and facilities which can further contribute to aging in place policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Yue
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xian University of Architecture & Technology, Xian, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Department of Urban Planning, School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xian University of Architecture & Technology, Xian, China
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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25
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Dillon HT, Saner NJ, Ilsley T, Kliman D, Spencer A, Avery S, Dunstan DW, Daly RM, Fraser SF, Owen N, Lynch BM, Kingwell BA, La Gerche A, Howden EJ. Preventing the adverse cardiovascular consequences of allogeneic stem cell transplantation with a multi-faceted exercise intervention: the ALLO-Active trial protocol. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:898. [PMID: 35978289 PMCID: PMC9383666 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a potentially lifesaving treatment for high-risk hematological malignancy, but survivors experience markedly elevated rates of cardiovascular disease and associated functional impairment. Mounting evidence suggests regular exercise, combined with a reduction in sedentary time through replacement with light exercise may be a useful therapeutic strategy for the prevention of cardiovascular comorbidities. However, this type of intervention has yet to be evaluated in patients undergoing allo-SCT. The ALLO-Active study will evaluate the efficacy of a ~ 4 month multi-faceted exercise intervention, commenced upon admission for allo-SCT, to preserve peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and peak cardiac output, compared with usual care. The study will also evaluate the effect of the intervention on functional independence, quality of life, and symptoms of fatigue. METHODS Sixty adults with hematological malignancy scheduled for allo-SCT will be randomly assigned to usual care (n = 30) or the exercise and sedentary behaviour intervention (n = 30). Participants assigned to the intervention will complete a thrice weekly aerobic and progressive resistance training program and concomitantly aim to reduce daily sedentary time by 30 min with short, frequent, light-intensity exercise bouts. Participants will undergo testing prior to, immediately after inpatient discharge, and 12 weeks after discharge. To address aim 1, VO2peak and peak cardiac output (multiple primary outcomes, p < 0.025) will be assessed via cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Secondary outcomes include functional independence (defined as VO2peak ≥ 18.mL.kg-1.min-1), quality of life, and fatigue (assessed via validated questionnaire). Exploratory outcomes will include indices of resting cardiac, vascular, and skeletal muscle structure and function, cardiovascular biomarkers, anxiety and depression, transplant outcomes (e.g., engraftment, graft-versus-host disease), and habitual physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep. DISCUSSION Multi-faceted exercise programs are a promising approach for ameliorating the cardiovascular consequences of allo-SCT. If this intervention proves to be effective, it will contribute to the development of evidence-based exercise guidelines for patients undergoing allo-SCT and assist with optimising the balance between acute cancer management and long-term health. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ID: 12619000741189 . Registered 17 May 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley T Dillon
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | | | - Tegan Ilsley
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Kliman
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Avery
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steve F Fraser
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brigid M Lynch
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- CSL Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Erin J Howden
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Shibata A, Ishii K, Koohsari MJ, Sugiyama T, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Oka K. Linear and non-linear associations of device-measured sedentary time with older adults' skeletal muscle mass. Exp Gerontol 2022; 166:111870. [PMID: 35716867 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time spent sitting is associated adversely with health outcomes in older adults. Nevertheless, it is not clear how sedentary time may be related to appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) - a key attribute of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study examined associations of total sedentary time with ASM among community-dwelling older Japanese males and females. METHODS Participants (n = 281, 74.3 ± 5.2 yr) wore a tri-axial accelerometer for seven days. Body mass index-adjusted ASM (kg/BMI) was derived from bioimpedance measures. Multivariate linear and quadratic regression models examined the associations of ASM with total sedentary time, stratified by sex. Restricted cubic spline models were fitted to estimate non-linear associations. Isotemporal substitution (IS) models were used to estimate the impacts of replacing 30-minute of sedentary time with light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). RESULTS After adjustment, total sedentary time had a significant linear and negative association with ASM among females (β = -0.014; p = 0.023). For males, total sedentary time had a significant quadratic association (p = 0.020). Spline models indicated a reverse U-shaped association (p < 0.001) with total sedentary time over 9.3 h/day being associated with lower ASM. The IS models indicated that replacing 30 min/day of sedentary time with LPA would be positively and significantly associated with older females' ASM (β = 0.007, p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS In older Japanese adults, higher volumes of time spent sedentary were associated with lower ASM. For males, only very high volumes of sedentary time appeared to be detrimental. These adverse relationships may in part be offset by more time spent in either LPA or MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Shibata
- Faculty Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
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27
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Cerin E, Sallis JF, Salvo D, Hinckson E, Conway TL, Owen N, van Dyck D, Lowe M, Higgs C, Moudon AV, Adams MA, Cain KL, Christiansen LB, Davey R, Dygrýn J, Frank LD, Reis R, Sarmiento OL, Adlakha D, Boeing G, Liu S, Giles-Corti B. Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e895-e906. [PMID: 35561724 PMCID: PMC9731787 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An essential characteristic of a healthy and sustainable city is a physically active population. Effective policies for healthy and sustainable cities require evidence-informed quantitative targets. We aimed to identify the minimum thresholds for urban design and transport features associated with two physical activity criteria: at least 80% probability of engaging in any walking for transport and WHO's target of at least 15% relative reduction in insufficient physical activity through walking. The International Physical Activity and the Environment Network Adult (known as IPEN) study (N=11 615; 14 cities across ten countries) provided data on local urban design and transport features linked to walking. Associations of these features with the probability of engaging in any walking for transport and sufficient physical activity (≥150 min/week) by walking were estimated, and thresholds associated with the physical activity criteria were determined. Curvilinear associations of population, street intersection, and public transport densities with walking were found. Neighbourhoods exceeding around 5700 people per km2, 100 intersections per km2, and 25 public transport stops per km2 were associated with meeting one or both physical activity criteria. Shorter distances to the nearest park were associated with more physical activity. We use the results to suggest specific target values for each feature as benchmarks for progression towards creating healthy and sustainable cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China,Correspondence to: Prof Ester Cerin, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology and Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Delfien van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Senior Global Futures Scientist, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rachel Davey
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA,Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- School of Medicine at Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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28
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Dogra S, Copeland JL, Altenburg TM, Heyland DK, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Start with reducing sedentary behavior: A stepwise approach to physical activity counseling in clinical practice. Patient Educ Couns 2022; 105:1353-1361. [PMID: 34556383 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, sedentary behavior recommendations have been included in the public health guidelines of multiple countries, pointing to new opportunities for prevention of chronic disease as well as a potential strategy for initiating long-term behavior change. OBJECTIVE To propose an evidence-informed approach to physical activity counseling that starts with a focus on reducing sedentary time. METHODS We put forward a case for addressing changes in sedentary behavior in clinical practice using a narrative review. We also propose a new approach for the assessment and counselling of patients with respect to movement behaviors. RESULTS There is evidence to support a stepwise approach to physical activity counseling that starts with targeting sedentary behavior, particularly in those who are highly sedentary, or those who have chronic disease, or physical impairments. CONCLUSIONS Our approach encourages clinicians to consider sedentary behavior counseling as a critical first step to physical activity counseling. For many patients, this initial step of reducing sedentary behavior could build a pathway to an active lifestyle. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS A shift from long periods of sedentary time to daily routines incorporating more light intensity physical activity could result in meaningful health improvements. Importantly, this approach may be more feasible for highly inactive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada.
| | - Jennifer L Copeland
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Teatske M Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daren K Heyland
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Public Health, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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29
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Brakenridge CJ, Gardiner PA, Grigg RV, Winkler EAH, Fjeldsoe BS, Schaumberg MA, Owen N, Eakin EG, Biddle SJH, Moodie M, Daly RM, Green DJ, Cohen N, Gray L, Comans T, Buman MP, Goode AD, Nguyen P, Gao L, Healy GN, Dunstan DW. Sitting less and moving more for improved metabolic and brain health in type 2 diabetes: 'OPTIMISE your health' trial protocol. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:929. [PMID: 35538430 PMCID: PMC9086419 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical practice guidelines recommend that adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sit less and move more throughout the day. The 18-month OPTIMISE Your Health Clinical Trial was developed to support desk-based workers with T2D achieve these recommendations. The two-arm protocol consists of an intervention and control arms. The intervention arm receives 6 months health coaching, a sit-stand desktop workstation and an activity tracker, followed by 6 months of text message support, then 6 months maintenance. The control arm receives a delayed modified intervention after 12 months of usual care. This paper describes the methods of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the intervention, compared to a delayed intervention control. Methods This is a two-arm RCT being conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Desk-based workers (≥0.8 full-time equivalent) aged 35–65 years, ambulatory, and with T2D and managed glycaemic control (6.5–10.0% HbA1c), are randomised to the multicomponent intervention (target n = 125) or delayed-intervention control (target n = 125) conditions. All intervention participants receive 6 months of tailored health coaching assisting them to “sit less” and “move more” at work and throughout the day, supported by a sit-stand desktop workstation and an activity tracker (Fitbit). Participants receive text message-based extended care for a further 6-months (6–12 months) followed by 6-months of non-contact (12–18 months: maintenance). Delayed intervention occurs at 12–18 months for the control arm. Assessments are undertaken at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 15 and 18-months. Primary outcomes are activPAL-measured sitting time (h/16 h day), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c; %, mmol/mol) and, cognitive function measures (visual learning and new memory; Paired Associates Learning Total Errors [adjusted]). Secondary, exploratory, and process outcomes will also be collected throughout the trial. Discussion The OPTIMISE Your Health trial will provide unique insights into the benefits of an intervention aimed at sitting less and moving more in desk-bound office workers with T2D, with outcomes relevant to glycaemic control, and to cardiometabolic and brain health. Findings will contribute new insights to add to the evidence base on initiating and maintaining behaviour change with clinical populations and inform practice in diabetes management. Trial registration ANZCTRN12618001159246. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13123-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Brakenridge
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Australian Catholic University, Mary Mackillop Institute of Health Research, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- University of Southern Queensland, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Ipswich, Australia.,University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Health Research, Springfield, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ruth V Grigg
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Elisabeth A H Winkler
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brianna S Fjeldsoe
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mia A Schaumberg
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Sunshine Coast, Australia.,Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Swinburne University, School of Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Eakin
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Health Research, Springfield, Australia
| | - Marjory Moodie
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- University of Western Australia, School of Sport Science, Exercise & Health, Perth, Australia
| | - Neale Cohen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Len Gray
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tracy Comans
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew P Buman
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Tempe, USA
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lan Gao
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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30
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Petrunoff NA, Edney S, Yi NX, Dickens BL, Joel KR, Xin WN, Sia A, Leong D, van Dam RM, Cook AR, Sallis JF, Chandrabose M, Owen N, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Associations of park features with park use and park-based physical activity in an urban environment in Asia: A cross-sectional study. Health Place 2022; 75:102790. [PMID: 35316722 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Park use is associated with health, yet our understanding of park features related to their use is limited. Singapore's parks were audited for 30 micro-features, then geospatial analysis characterized micro-features scores for parks nearest to participants' homes. Adults (3,435) reported their park use and park-based physical activity. Using linear regression models, we found living near a park with higher micro-features scores was associated with more time in parks and park-based physical activity. Specific micro-features were associated with more park time (wildlife areas, water features, forested areas, unpaved trails (2-2.6 h/month, p < 0.05)) and with physical activity in parks (water features, forested areas, large playground, open green spaces (1.8-2.2 h/month, p < 0.05)). These findings could inform parks planning to support population-health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Petrunoff
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Sarah Edney
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ng Xian Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Borame L Dickens
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Koo Ruihan Joel
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wang Nan Xin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Angelia Sia
- Centre for Urban Greenery & Ecology, National Parks Board Singapore, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Duncan Leong
- GIS Hub, National Parks Board Singapore, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manoj Chandrabose
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Digital Health Center, Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
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31
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Swain CTV, Bassett JK, Hodge AM, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Yang Y, Jayasekara H, Hébert JR, Shivappa N, MacInnis RJ, Milne RL, English DR, Lynch BM. Television viewing time and all-cause mortality: interactions with BMI, physical activity, smoking, and dietary factors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:30. [PMID: 35305675 PMCID: PMC8934515 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01273-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Higher levels of time spent sitting (sedentary behavior) contribute to adverse health outcomes, including earlier death. This effect may be modified by other lifestyle factors. We examined the association of television viewing (TV), a common leisure-time sedentary behavior, with all-cause mortality, and whether this is modified by body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, soft drink consumption, or diet-associated inflammation. Methods Using data from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, flexible parametric survival models assessed the time-dependent association of self-reported TV time (three categories: < 2 h/day, 2–3 h/day, > 3 h/day) with all-cause mortality. Interaction terms were fitted to test whether there was effect modification of TV time by the other risk factors. Results From 19,570 participants, 4,417 deaths were reported over a median follow up of 14.5 years. More TV time was associated with earlier mortality; however, this relationship diminished with increasing age. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for > 3 h/day compared with < 2 h/day of TV time was 1.34 (1.16, 1.55) at 70 years, 1.14 (1.04, 1.23) at 80 years, and 0.95 (0.84, 1.06) at 90 years. The TV time/mortality relationship was more evident in participants who were physically inactive (compared with active; p for interaction < 0.01) or had a higher dietary inflammatory index score (compared with a lower score; p for interaction = 0.03). No interactions were detected between TV time and BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, nor soft-drink consumption (all p for interaction > 0.16). Conclusions The relationship between TV time and all-cause mortality may change with age. It may also be more pronounced in those who are otherwise inactive or who have a pro-inflammatory diet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01273-5.
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32
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Kandola A, Del Pozo Cruz B, Hayes JF, Owen N, Dunstan DW, Hallgren M. Impact on adolescent mental health of replacing screen-use with exercise: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2022; 301:240-247. [PMID: 34999126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen-based device use could increase the risk of adolescent depression. Distinct modalities of screen-use may have differential effects on mental health. We used compositional data analysis to examine how theoretically replacing different screen-uses with exercise might influence future adolescent emotional distress. METHODS In 4,599 adolescents (55% female) from a nationally-representative, prospective cohort, we used time-use diary data at age 14 to estimate daily screen use (television, social media, video game, general computer use) and exercise (team sport and individual exercise). The outcome was emotional distress at age 17, assessed using the emotional symptoms subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS Theoretically replacing 60 min of total screen time with exercise at age 14 was associated with a 0.05 (95%CI -0.08, -0.02) score reduction on the emotional symptoms' subscale at 17 in fully-adjusted models. Replacing 60 min of television or social media use with team sports was associated with a reduction of 0.17 (95%CI, -0.31, -0.04) and 0.15 (95%CI, -0.29, -0.01) in emotional symptom scores, respectively. We found no change in emotional symptom scores when replacing video game or general computer use with team sport, or when replacing any screen time with individual exercise. LIMITATIONS No direct measure of depressive symptoms at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Replacing any screen time with exercise could reduce emotional distress, but the largest effect sizes were associated with replacing time in television watching and social media with team sports. Recommendations to limit screen-use in adolescents may require a nuanced approach for protecting mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kandola
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; Institute of Mental Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Joseph F Hayes
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Paudel S, Owen AJ, Owen N, Smith BJ. Trends in television viewing and overweight /obesity among Nepalese women: Findings from 2006, 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:382-392. [PMID: 34895999 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Associations between overweight/obesity and television (TV) viewing have been identified in high-income countries, but little evidence is available from low- and middle-income countries. This study examined the trends and correlates of television viewing and overweight/obesity among Nepalese women between 2006 and 2016. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed the data from 22,161 women aged 15-49 years who took part in Nepal Demographic Health Surveys 2006 (n = 10,115), 2011 (n = 5,881) or 2016 (n = 6,165). Trained staff collected data on TV viewing and sociodemographic attributes from a face-to-face survey while height and weight were measured objectively to determine body mass index. Around 38% of the study participants watched TV at least once a week in 2006, which increased to 49% in 2011 and 46% in 2016. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 8% in 2006 to 14.6% in 2011 and 19.8% in 2016. Compared to those who did not watch TV at all, those watching it at least once a week were at 1.54 (95% CI: 1.02-2.33), 1.79 (95% CI: 1.23-2.60) and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.13-1.88) times higher odds of being overweight/obese in 2006, 2011 and 2016 respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of TV viewing rose among women in Nepal between 2006 and 2016 and was associated with overweight/obesity, which also increased dramatically over this period. Future studies examining the use of multiple screen devices, daily usage duration and content viewed are recommended to understand better the health impacts of transitions to more sedentary living in Nepal and similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Paudel
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Alice J Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Ben J Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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34
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Lin CY, Koohsari MJ, Liao Y, Ishii K, Shibata A, Nakaya T, McCormack GR, Hadgraft N, Sugiyama T, Owen N, Oka K. Workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes and sitting at work and for transport among Japanese desk-based workers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:195. [PMID: 34996917 PMCID: PMC8741887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace settings—both internal and external—can influence how workers are physically active or sedentary. Although research has identified some indoor environmental attributes associated with sitting at work, few studies have examined associations of workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with workplace sitting time. We examined the cross-sectional associations of perceived and objective workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with sitting time at work and for transport among desk-based workers in Japan. Data were collected from a nationwide online survey. The Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (n = 2137) and Walk Score® (for a subsample of participants; n = 1163) were used to assess perceived and objective built-environment attributes of workplace neighbourhoods. Self-reported daily average sitting time at work, in cars and in public transport was measured using a Japanese validated questionnaire. Linear regression models estimated the associations of workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with sitting time. All perceived workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes were positively correlated with Walk Score®. However, statistically significant associations with Walk Score® were found for sitting for transport but not for sitting at work. Workers who perceived their workplace neighbourhoods to be more walkable reported a longer time sitting at work and in public transport but a shorter sitting time in cars. Our findings suggest that walkable workplace neighbourhoods may discourage longer car use but have workplaces where workers spend a long time sitting at work. The latter finding further suggests that there may be missed opportunities for desk-based workers to reduce sitting time. Future workplace interventions to reduce sitting time may be developed, taking advantage of the opportunities to take time away from work in workplace neighbourhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yung Liao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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35
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Brakenridge CJ, Salim A, Healy GN, Grigg R, Carver A, Rickards K, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Associations of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions with longer-term activity levels of working adults with type 2 diabetes (Preprint). JMIR Diabetes 2022; 7:e36181. [PMID: 35486904 PMCID: PMC9119394 DOI: 10.2196/36181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lockdown restrictions reduce COVID-19 community transmission; however, they may pose challenges for noncommunicable disease management. A 112-day hard lockdown in Victoria, Australia (commencing March 23, 2020) coincided with an intervention trial of reducing and breaking up sitting time in desk workers with type 2 diabetes who were using a provided consumer-grade activity tracker (Fitbit). Objective This study aims to compare continuously recorded activity levels preceding and during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions among working adults with type 2 diabetes participating in a sitting less and moving more intervention. Methods A total of 11 participants (n=8 male; mean age 52.8, SD 5 years) in Melbourne, Australia had Fitbit activity tracked before (mean 122.7, SD 47.9 days) and during (mean 99.7, SD 62.5 days) citywide COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. Regression models compared device (Fitbit Inspire HR)–derived activity (steps; metabolic equivalent tasks [METs]; mean time in sedentary, lightly, fairly, and very active minutes; and usual bout durations) during restrictions to prerestrictions. Changes in activity were statistically significant when estimates (Δ%) did not intercept zero. Results Overall, there was a decrease in mean steps (–1584 steps/day; Δ% –9%, 95% CI –11% to –7%); METs (–83 METs/day; Δ% –5%, 95% CI –6% to –5%); and lightly active (Δ% –4%, 95% CI –8% to –1%), fairly active (Δ% –8%, 95% CI –21% to –15%), and very active (Δ% –8%, 95% CI –11% to –5%) intensity minutes per day, and increases in mean sedentary minutes per day (51 mins/day; Δ% 3%, 95% CI 1%-6%). Only very active (+5.1 mins) and sedentary (+4.3 mins) bout durations changed significantly. Conclusions In a convenience sample of adults with type 2 diabetes, COVID-19 lockdown restrictions were associated with decreases in overall activity levels and increases in very active and sedentary bout durations. A Fitbit monitor provided meaningful continuous long-term data in this context. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001159246; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618001159246
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian John Brakenridge
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agus Salim
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve Nissa Healy
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruth Grigg
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alison Carver
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kym Rickards
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Wayne Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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36
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Hadgraft N, Winkler E, Goode AD, Gunning L, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Sugiyama T, Healy GN. How supportive are workplace environments for sitting less and moving more? A descriptive study of Australian workplaces participating in the BeUpstanding program. Prev Med Rep 2022; 24:101616. [PMID: 34976672 PMCID: PMC8684026 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplaces varied in the number of activity-supportive characteristics present. Spatial characteristics were more common than resource or policy characteristics. Characteristics absent in most workplaces were likely to be modifiable or low cost (“easy wins”). Almost all workplaces had some room for improvement in terms of activity-supportive factors.
Desk-based workers are highly sedentary; this has been identified as an emerging work health and safety issue. To reduce workplace sitting time and promote physical activity it is important to understand what factors are already present within workplaces to inform future interventions. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of supportive environmental factors, prior to workplaces taking part in a ‘sit less, move more’ initiative (BeUpstanding). Participants were 291 Australian-based workplace champions (representing 230 organisations) who unlocked the BeUpstanding program’s online toolkit between September 2017 and mid-November 2020, and who completed surveys relating to champion characteristics, organisation and workplace characteristics, and the availability of environmental factors to support sitting less and moving more. Factors were characterized using descriptive statistics and compared across key sectors and factor categories (spatial; resources/initiatives; policy/cultural) using mixed logistic regression models. Of the 42 factors measured, only 11 were present in > 50% of workplaces. Spatial design factors were more likely to be present than resources/initiatives or policy/cultural factors. Centralised printers were the most commonly reported attribute (94%), while prompts to encourage stair use were the least common (4%). Most workplace factors with < 50% prevalence were modifiable and/or were considered modifiable with low cost. Organisations that were public sector, not small/medium, not regional/remote, and not blue-collar had higher odds of having supportive factors than their counterparts; however, workplaces varied considerably in the number of factors present. These findings can assist with developing and targeting initiatives and promoting feasible strategies for desk-based workers to sit less and move more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
By 2050, 20% of the world's population will be over the age of 65 years, with projections that 80% of older adults will be living in low- to middle-income countries. Physical inactivity and sedentary time are particularly high in older adults, presenting unique public health challenges. In this article, we first review evidence that points to multiple beneficial outcomes of active aging, including better physical function, cognitive function, mental health, social health, and sleep and suggest the need to shift the research focus from chronic disease outcomes to more relevant outcomes that affect independence and quality of life. Second, we review the critical role of age-friendly environments in facilitating active aging equitably across different countries and cultures. Finally, we consider emerging opportunities related to social engagement and technology-enabled mobility that can facilitate active aging. In all these contexts, it is a priority to understand and address diversity within the global aging population. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada;
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.,School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
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Dzakpasu FQS, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Cicuttini F, Urquhart DM, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Musculoskeletal pain and sedentary behaviour in occupational and non-occupational settings: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:159. [PMID: 34895248 PMCID: PMC8666269 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB; time spent sitting) is associated with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions; however, no prior systematic review has examined these associations according to SB domains. We synthesised evidence on occupational and non-occupational SB and MSP conditions. METHODS Guided by a PRISMA protocol, eight databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and AMED) and three grey literature sources (Google Scholar, WorldChat, and Trove) were searched (January 1, 2000, to March 17, 2021) for original quantitative studies of adults ≥ 18 years. Clinical-condition studies were excluded. Studies' risk of bias was assessed using the QualSyst checklist. For meta-analyses, random effect inverse-variance pooled effect size was estimated; otherwise, best-evidence synthesis was used for narrative review. RESULTS Of 178 potentially-eligible studies, 79 were included [24 general population; 55 occupational (incuding15 experimental/intervention)]; 56 studies were of high quality, with scores > 0.75. Data for 26 were meta-synthesised. For cross-sectional studies of non-occupational SB, meta-analysis showed full-day SB to be associated with low back pain [LBP - OR = 1.19(1.03 - 1.38)]. Narrative synthesis found full-day SB associations with knee pain, arthritis, and general MSP, but the evidence was insufficient on associations with neck/shoulder pain, hip pain, and upper extremities pain. Evidence of prospective associations of full-day SB with MSP conditions was insufficient. Also, there was insufficient evidence on both cross-sectional and prospective associations between leisure-time SB and MSP conditions. For occupational SB, cross-sectional studies meta-analysed indicated associations of self-reported workplace sitting with LBP [OR = 1.47(1.12 - 1.92)] and neck/shoulder pain [OR = 1.73(1.46 - 2.03)], but not with extremities pain [OR = 1.17(0.65 - 2.11)]. Best-evidence synthesis identified inconsistent findings on cross-sectional association and a probable negative prospective association of device-measured workplace sitting with LBP-intensity in tradespeople. There was cross-sectional evidence on the association of computer time with neck/shoulder pain, but insufficient evidence for LBP and general MSP. Experimental/intervention evidence indicated reduced LBP, neck/shoulder pain, and general MSP with reducing workplace sitting. CONCLUSIONS We found cross-sectional associations of occupational and non-occupational SB with MSP conditions, with occupational SB associations being occupation dependent, however, reverse causality bias cannot be ruled out. While prospective evidence was inconclusive, reducing workplace sitting was associated with reduced MSP conditions. Future studies should emphasise prospective analyses and examining potential interactions with chronic diseases. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION PROSPERO ID # CRD42020166412 (Amended to limit the scope).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Q S Dzakpasu
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alison Carver
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian J Brakenridge
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Central Clinical School/Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Donna M Urquhart
- Central Clinical School/Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Brakenridge CJ, Healy GN, Sethi P, Carver A, Bellettiere J, Salim A, Chastin SFM, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Contrasting compositions of sitting, standing, stepping, and sleeping time: associations with glycaemic outcome by diabetes risk. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:155. [PMID: 34863205 PMCID: PMC8642848 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that prolonged sitting and its adverse impact on glycaemic indicators appear to be proportional to the degree of insulin resistance. To investigate this finding in a free-living context, we aimed to examine associations of device-measured 24-h time-use compositions of sitting, standing, stepping, and sleeping with fasting glucose (FPG) and 2 h post-load glucose (2hPLG) levels, and to examine separately the associations with time-use compositions among those at lower and at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses examined thigh-worn inclinometer data (activPAL, 7 day, 24 h/day protocol) from 648 participants (aged 36-80 years) at either lower (< 39 mmol/mol; < 5.7% HbA1c) or higher (≥39 mmol/mol; ≥5.7% HbA1c) diabetes risk from the 2011-2012 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine associations of differing compositions with FPG and 2hPLG, with time spent in each behaviour allowed to vary up to 60 min. RESULTS In general, the associations with the FPG within the time-use compositions were small, with statistically significant associations observed for sitting and sleeping (in the lower diabetes risk group) and standing (in higher diabetes risk group) only. For 2hPLG, statistically significant associations were observed for stepping only, with findings similar between lower (β = - 0.12 95%CI:-0.22, - 0.02) and higher (β = - 0.13 95%CI:-0.26, - 0.01) risk groups. Varying the composition had minimal impact on FPG; however 1 h less sitting time and equivalent increase in standing time was associated with attenuated FPG levels in higher risk only (Δ FPG% = - 1.5 95%CI: - 2.4, - 0.5). Large differences in 2hPLG were observed for both groups when varying the composition. One hour less sitting with equivalent increase in stepping was associated with attenuated 2hPLG, with estimations similar in lower (Δ 2hPLG% = - 3.8 95%CI: - 7.3, - 0.2) and higher (Δ 2hPLG% = - 5.0 95%CI: - 9.7, - 0.0) risk for diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In middle-aged and older adults, glycaemic control could be improved by reducing daily sitting time and replacing it with stepping. Standing could also be beneficial for those at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Brakenridge
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Parneet Sethi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Alison Carver
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Bellettiere
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Agus Salim
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Movement and Sports Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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40
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Pinto AJ, Meireles K, Peçanha T, Mazzolani BC, Smaira FI, Rezende D, Benatti FB, Ribeiro ACM, Pinto ALS, Lima FR, Shinjo SK, Dantas WS, Mellett NA, Meikle PJ, Owen N, Dunstan DW, Roschel H, Gualano B. Acute cardiometabolic effects of brief active breaks in sitting for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E782-E794. [PMID: 34693756 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00259.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is a treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, but participation in moderate-to-vigorous exercise is challenging for some patients. Light-intensity breaks in sitting could be a promising alternative. We compared the acute effects of active breaks in sitting with those of moderate-to-vigorous exercise on cardiometabolic risk markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In a crossover fashion, 15 women with rheumatoid arthritis underwent three 8-h experimental conditions: prolonged sitting (SIT), 30-min bout of moderate-to-vigorous exercise followed by prolonged sitting (EX), and 3-min bouts of light-intensity walking every 30 min of sitting (BR). Postprandial glucose, insulin, c-peptide, triglycerides, cytokines, lipid classes/subclasses (lipidomics), and blood pressure responses were assessed. Muscle biopsies were collected following each session to assess targeted proteins/genes. Glucose [-28% in area under the curve (AUC), P = 0.036], insulin (-28% in AUC, P = 0.016), and c-peptide (-27% in AUC, P = 0.006) postprandial responses were attenuated in BR versus SIT, whereas only c-peptide was lower in EX versus SIT (-20% in AUC, P = 0.002). IL-1β decreased during BR, but increased during EX and SIT (P = 0.027 and P = 0.085, respectively). IL-1ra was increased during EX versus BR (P = 0.002). TNF-α concentrations decreased during BR versus EX (P = 0.022). EX, but not BR, reduced systolic blood pressure (P = 0.013). Lipidomic analysis showed that 7 of 36 lipid classes/subclasses were significantly different between conditions, with greater changes being observed in EX. No differences were observed for protein/gene expression. Brief active breaks in sitting can offset markers of cardiometabolic disturbance, which may be particularly useful for patients who may find it difficult to adhere to exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exercise is a treatment in rheumatoid arthritis but is challenging for some patients. Light-intensity breaks in sitting could be a promising alternative. Our findings show beneficial, but differential, cardiometabolic effects of active breaks in sitting and exercise in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Breaks in sitting mainly improved glycemic and inflammatory markers, whereas exercise improved lipidomic and hypotensive responses. Breaks in sitting show promise in offsetting aspects of cardiometabolic disturbance associated with prolonged sitting in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Pinto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamila Meireles
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna C Mazzolani
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana I Smaira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Rezende
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana B Benatti
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Ana C M Ribeiro
- Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana L S Pinto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Lima
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel K Shinjo
- Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner S Dantas
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Physical Activity, Behavioural Epidemiology and/or Metabolomics Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Physical Activity, Behavioural Epidemiology and/or Metabolomics Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity, Behavioural Epidemiology and/or Metabolomics Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity, Behavioural Epidemiology and/or Metabolomics Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Chandrabose M, Owen N, Hadgraft N, Giles-Corti B, Sugiyama T. Urban Densification and Physical Activity Change: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study of Australian Adults. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:2116-2123. [PMID: 33984858 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urbanization, a major force driving changes in neighborhood environments, may affect residents' health by influencing their daily activity levels. We examined associations of population density changes in urban areas with adults' physical activity changes over 12 years using data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (1999-2012). The analytical sample contained 2,354 participants who remained at the same residential address throughout the study period in metropolitan cities and regional cities (42 study areas). Census-based population density measures were calculated for 1-km-radius buffers around their homes. Population density change was estimated using linear growth models. Two-level linear regression models were used to assess associations between changes in population density and changes in self-reported walking and physical activity durations. The average change in population density was 0.8% per year (range, -4.1 to 7.8) relative to baseline density. After adjustment for confounders, each 1% annual increase in population density was associated with 8.5-minutes/week (95% confidence interval: 0.6, 16.4) and 19.0-minutes/week (95% confidence interval: 3.7, 34.4) increases in walking and physical activity, respectively, over the 12-year study period. Increasing population density through urban planning policies of accommodating population growth within the existing urban boundary, rather than expanding city boundaries, could assist in promoting physical activity at the population level.
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Pan F, Owen N, Oddy WH. Sugar sweetened beverages and increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Indigenous community of Australia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2825-2830. [PMID: 34353701 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this viewpoint was to discuss a profound health gap in type 2 diabetes that exists between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. DATA SYNTHESIS In Australia, type 2 diabetes is ranked as the fastest growing chronic condition, with the rates of type 2 diabetes higher among Indigenous than non-Indigenous Australians. Improvements to diet could aid in reducing overweight and obesity in the Indigenous community, with sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) examples of discretionary foods that contain a high amount of sugar. The marked increase in type 2 diabetes, obesity and consumption of SSBs in the Indigenous community may suggest that type 2 diabetes may result from weight gain caused by SSB consumption. Recent evidence suggests that higher consumption of SSBs was associated with greater incidence of type 2 diabetes independent of adiposity. Some determinants influencing increased SSBs consumption in the Indigenous population include advertising, marketing, availability and affordability. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes continue to be higher among Indigenous than non-Indigenous Australians and overall, a link between SSBs and risk of type 2 diabetes is reported. Three solutions to high SSBs consumption in Indigenous communities include increased availability, affordability, and accessibility of healthy food and drink, engagement of Indigenous people in offering solutions including discussion of a sugar tax on SSBs framed with Indigenous input, and the provision of clean community water supply and water bubblers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.
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Homer AR, Taylor FC, Dempsey PC, Wheeler MJ, Sethi P, Grace MS, Green DJ, Cohen ND, Larsen RN, Kingwell BA, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Different frequencies of active interruptions to sitting have distinct effects on 22 h glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2969-2978. [PMID: 34364775 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Whether the frequency of interruptions to sitting time involving simple resistance activities (SRAs), compared to uninterrupted sitting, differentially affected 22 h glycemic control in adults with medication-controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS & RESULTS Twenty-four participants (13 men; mean ± SD age 62 ± 8 years) completed three 8 h laboratory conditions: SIT: uninterrupted sitting; SRA3: sitting interrupted with 3 min of SRAs every 30 min; and, SRA6: sitting interrupted with 6 min of SRAs every 60 min. Flash glucose monitors assessed glycemic control over a 22 h period. No differences were observed between conditions for overall 22 h glycemic control as measured by AUCtotal, mean glucose and time in hyperglycemia. During the 3.5 h post-lunch period, mean glucose was significantly lower during SRA6 (10.1 mmol·L-1, 95%CI 9.2, 11.0) compared to SIT (11.1 mmol·L-1, 95%CI 10.2, 12.0; P = 0.006). Post-lunch iAUCnet was significantly lower during SRA6 (6.2 mmol·h·L-1, 95%CI 3.3, 9.1) compared to SIT (9.9 mmol·h·L-1, 95%CI 7.0, 12.9; P = 0.003). During the post-lunch period, compared to SIT (2.2 h, 95%CI 1.7, 2.6), time in hyperglycemia was significantly lower during SRA6 (1.5 h, 95%CI 1.0, 1.9, P = 0.001). Nocturnal mean glucose was significantly lower following the SRA3 condition (7.6 mmol·L-1, 95%CI 7.1, 8.1) compared to SIT (8.1 mmol·L-1, 95%CI 7.6, 8.7, P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS With standardized total activity time, less-frequent active interruptions to sitting may acutely improve glycemic control; while more-frequent interruptions may be beneficial for nocturnal glucose in those with medication-controlled T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Homer
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
| | - Frances C Taylor
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Michael J Wheeler
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia; School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Parneet Sethi
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan S Grace
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Neale D Cohen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn N Larsen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Agriculture and Food, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; CSL Ltd, Bio21, Parkville, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Chandrabose M, Owen N, Hadgraft N, Sugiyama T. 882Relationship of Urban Sprawl with Overweight and Obesity: Roles of Physically-Active and Sedentary Travel Behaviours. Int J Epidemiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab168.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Urban sprawl – low-density neighbourhood developments at the city’s periphery – is related to risk of overweight/obesity. Our mediation analysis examined the extent to which this relationship may be explained by physically-active and sedentary travel behaviours.
Methods
We analysed data from 2,465 metropolitan residents in the 2011-12 wave of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study. Urban sprawl measure was geographic information system derived residential proximity to the major city centre. Self-reported weekly frequency of walking for transport (WT) and car driving duration (car use) were used as measures of physically-active and sedentary travel behaviours. Risk of overweight/obesity was calculated using objectively-measured body mass index (> 25 kg/m2). Multi-level regression models and joint-significance mediation tests were used.
Results
Residing near the city centre was associated with higher levels of WT and lower levels of car use. For instance, compared to those living within 10km from the city centre, those living over 30km away had 57% lower WT frequency (p<0.001) and 1.4 hours/week more car use (p=0.002). In turn, lower levels of WT and higher levels car use were associated with elevated overweight/obesity risk.
Conclusions
These analyses suggest that travel behaviors can be potential mediators in relationships of urban sprawl with overweight/obesity. Future studies are warranted to assess causality of these relationships.
Key messages
Urban planning policies need to consider these impacts of the expansion of urban sprawl and promote inner-city high-density development by encouraging more physically-active travel and less time spent sitting in cars to reduce the population burden of overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Chandrabose
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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Amagasa S, Inoue S, Murayama H, Fujiwara T, Kikuchi H, Fukushima N, Machida M, Chastin S, Owen N, Shobugawa Y. 513Ophthalmic disease and older adults’ sedentary and physically-active behaviors: Findings from the NEIGE study. Int J Epidemiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab168.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity can be associated adversely with markers of eye health, but little is known about how ophthalmic disease (OD) may be related to sedentary behaviour (SB) and different intensities of physical activity in older adults. We compared device-assessed time spent in SB, light-intensity PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between older adults with and without OD.
Methods
A randomly-recruited sample of 512 community-dwelling older adults (47% male; aged 65–84 years) in Japan wore a valid tri-axial accelerometer for seven consecutive days in 2017. Prevalence of OD was assessed by medical interview. Times spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA were compared between those with and without OD by compositional multivariate analysis of covariance, adjusting for potential confounders (gender, age, residential area, living arrangement, working, body mass index, self-rated health, and cognitive function).
Results
Overall, percent times spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA during waking hours were 51.0, 44.6, and 4.4, respectively; and, 167 (36.5%) had OD. Activity patterns differed significantly between those with and without OD: in those with OD, the proportion of time spent in MVPA relative to other behaviours was lower, and the proportion of time spent in SB relative to other behaviours was higher.
Conclusions
Older adults with OD were found to be less physically active than those without.
Key messages
While these cross-sectional findings need to be confirmed by evidence from prospective studies, the reciprocal influences of OD and inactivity in older adults should be addressed as scientific, clinical and public health considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata-shi, Japan
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47
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Cao Y, Dunstan DW, Sethi P, Owen N. The association of TV viewing time with 2-hour plasma glucose is modified by a prudent dietary pattern. J Diabetes 2021; 13:661-671. [PMID: 33403802 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TV viewing is associated with elevated plasma glucose, but it is not clear whether such associations can be modified by dietary patterns. METHODS We examined the interactions of TV viewing time and dietary patterns in relation to fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose. Cross-sectional analyses were performed among participants (N = 3081; 44.7% male; mean age 57.8 years) from the 2011 to 2012 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) without clinically diagnosed diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Factor analysis (principal component) was conducted to identify dietary patterns. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine distinct associations of TV viewing time and dietary patterns with fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose. Dichotomous TV viewing time (low: ≤ 2 h/d vs high: >2 h/d) and quartiles of dietary patterns were further combined to examine the joint associations with plasma glucose. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified: prudent, Western, and mixed. TV viewing time was positively associated (β = .01, P < .05) and the prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated (β = -.03, P < .05) with log transformed 2-hour plasma glucose. Compared with participants with high TV viewing/lowest prudent dietary pattern, participants with low TV viewing/highest prudent diet had the lowest 2-hour plasma glucose (β = -.05, P = .028). No interactions were found between TV viewing time and the Western dietary pattern, nor the mixed dietary pattern, in relation to either fasting or 2-hour plasma glucose. CONCLUSIONS Following a prudent dietary pattern may attenuate the adverse effect of TV viewing on 2-hour plasma glucose. Prospective studies and intervention trials are needed to further clarify these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingting Cao
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Parneet Sethi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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48
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McMichan L, Dick M, Skelton DA, Chastin SFM, Owen N, Dunstan DW, Fraser WD, Tang JCY, Greig CA, Agyapong-Badu S, Mavroeidi A. Sedentary behaviour and bone health in older adults: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1487-1497. [PMID: 33768342 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Older adults spend more than 8 h/day in sedentary behaviours. Detrimental effects of sedentary behaviour (SB) on health are established, yet little is known about SB and bone health (bone mineral density; BMD) in older adults. The purpose of this review is to examine associations of SB with BMD in older adults. Five electronic databases were searched: Web of Science (Core Collection); PubMed; EMBASE; Sports Medicine and Education and PsycInfo. Inclusion criteria were healthy older adults mean age ≥ 65 years; measured SB and measured BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Quality was assessed using National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. After excluding duplicates 17813 papers were assessed; 17757 were excluded on title/abstract, 49 at full text, resulting in two prospective and five cross-sectional observational studies reviewed. Four were rated 'good' and three were rated 'fair' using the quality assessment criteria. Findings varied across the studies and differed by gender. In women, four studies reported significant positive associations of SB with BMD at different sites, and two found significant negative associations. Five studies which examined both men and women, men reported negative or no associations of SB with femoral neck, pelvic, whole body, spine or leg BMD. Whilst these findings suggest differences between men and women in the associations of SB with BMD, they may be due to the varying anatomical sections examined for BMD, the different methods used to measure SB, the varied quality of the studies included and the limited number of published findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- L McMichan
- Department of Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - M Dick
- Department of Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - D A Skelton
- Centre for Living, Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - S F M Chastin
- Centre for Living, Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Movement and Sports Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - W D Fraser
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - J C Y Tang
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - C A Greig
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Agyapong-Badu
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Mavroeidi
- Department of Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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49
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Blankenship J, Winkler EAH, Healy GN, Dempsey PC, Bellettiere J, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Descriptive Epidemiology of Interruptions to Free-Living Sitting Time in Middle-Age and Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2503-2511. [PMID: 34310494 PMCID: PMC8595533 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
National guidelines recommend physically active interruptions to sitting time, however, the characteristics of these interruptions are broadly stated and ill-defined. A robust methodology for population surveillance for such interruptions is needed. PURPOSE To describe the frequency and characteristics (i.e., duration, stepping time, and estimated intensity) of all interruptions and physically active interruptions to adults' free-living sitting time (i.e., transitions from sitting to upright posture) across segments of the population. METHODS Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study participants (321 men; 406 women; mean ± SD 58.0 ± 10.3 years) wore the activPAL3TM for ≥1 valid day. The characteristics of interruptions from laboratory studies demonstrating health benefits were selected to define active interruptions (≥5 min upright and/or ≥ 2 min stepping) and ambulatory interruptions (≥2 min stepping). The frequency and characteristics of all, active, and ambulatory interruptions were described and compared by age, gender, diabetes status, and body mass index. RESULTS Adults averaged 55.0 ± 21.8 interruptions per day, but only 20.3 ± 6.7 were active and 14.0 ± 5.4 were ambulatory. Median (25th, 75th percentile) duration was 2.6 (0.9, 7.8) minutes, stepping time was 0.8 (0.3, 2.0) minutes, and estimated energy expenditure was 4.3 (1.4, 12.5) MET-min. Those who were older, had obesity, or had diabetes had significantly (p < 0.05) fewer interruptions of all types and less stepping time during active interruptions than their counterparts (Cohen's d < 0.2). CONCLUSION Free-living interruptions were often less active than interruptions performed in effective acute laboratory studies and their content varied widely between population groups. Monitoring all interruptions as well as those that are more active is advisable to provide a comprehensive understanding of free-living sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Blankenship
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Herston, QLD, Australia Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Behaviour, Environment and Cognition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA
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50
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Homer AR, Taylor FC, Dempsey PC, Wheeler MJ, Sethi P, Townsend MK, Grace MS, Green DJ, Cohen ND, Larsen RN, Kingwell BA, Owen N, Dunstan DW. Frequency of Interruptions to Sitting Time: Benefits for Postprandial Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:1254-1263. [PMID: 33905343 PMCID: PMC8247505 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether interrupting sitting with brief bouts of simple resistance activities (SRAs) at different frequencies improves postprandial glucose, insulin, and triglycerides in adults with medication-controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants (n = 23, 10 of whom were female, with mean ± SD age 62 ± 8 years and BMI 32.7 ± 3.5 kg · m-2) completed a three-armed randomized crossover trial (6- to 14-day washout): sitting uninterrupted for 7 h (SIT), sitting with 3-min SRAs (half squats, calf raises, gluteal contractions, and knee raises) every 30 min (SRA3), and sitting with 6-min SRAs every 60 min (SRA6). Net incremental areas under the curve (iAUCnet) for glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were compared between conditions. RESULTS Glucose and insulin 7-h iAUCnet were attenuated significantly during SRA6 (glucose 17.0 mmol · h · L-1, 95% CI 12.5, 21.4; insulin 1,229 pmol · h · L-1, 95% CI 982, 1,538) in comparison with SIT (glucose 21.4 mmol · h · L-1, 95% CI 16.9, 25.8; insulin 1,411 pmol · h · L-1, 95% CI 1,128, 1,767; P < 0.05) and in comparison with SRA3 (for glucose only) (22.1 mmol · h · L-1, 95% CI 17.7, 26.6; P = 0.01) No significant differences in glucose or insulin iAUCnet were observed in comparison of SRA3 and SIT. There was no statistically significant effect of condition on triglyceride iAUCnet. CONCLUSIONS In adults with medication-controlled T2D, interrupting prolonged sitting with 6-min SRAs every 60 min reduced postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Other frequencies of interruptions and potential longer-term benefits require examination to clarify clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Homer
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia .,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Frances C Taylor
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Michael J Wheeler
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Parneet Sethi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Megan S Grace
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Neale D Cohen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn N Larsen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Food, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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