251
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Poon K. Behavioral Feeding Circuit: Dietary Fat-Induced Effects of Inflammatory Mediators in the Hypothalamus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591559. [PMID: 33324346 PMCID: PMC7726204 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive dietary fat intake has extensive impacts on several physiological systems and can lead to metabolic and nonmetabolic disease. In animal models of ingestion, exposure to a high fat diet during pregnancy predisposes offspring to increase intake of dietary fat and causes increase in weight gain that can lead to obesity, and without intervention, these physiological and behavioral consequences can persist for several generations. The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that responds to physiological hunger and fullness and contains orexigenic neuropeptide systems that have long been associated with dietary fat intake. The past fifteen years of research show that prenatal exposure to a high fat diet increases neurogenesis of these neuropeptide systems in offspring brain and are correlated to behavioral changes that induce a pro-consummatory and obesogenic phenotype. Current research has uncovered several potential molecular mechanisms by which excessive dietary fat alters the hypothalamus and involve dietary fatty acids, the immune system, gut microbiota, and transcriptional and epigenetic changes. This review will examine the current knowledge of dietary fat-associated changes in the hypothalamus and the potential pathways involved in modifying the development of orexigenic peptide neurons that lead to changes in ingestive behavior, with a special emphasis on inflammation by chemokines.
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252
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Ghorabi S, Esteghamati A, Azam K, Daneshzad E, Sadeghi O, Salari-Moghaddam A, Azadbakht L, Djafarian K. Association between dietary inflammatory index and components of metabolic syndrome. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2019; 12:27-34. [PMID: 32211135 PMCID: PMC7080330 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Limited data are available on the association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. The present study was conducted to investigate the association of DII with MetS and its components among Iranian adults. Methods: A total of 404 subjects, aged 18 years or older, were included in the current cross-sectional study. We used a validated and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intakes. Fasting blood sample was obtained to quantify glycemic indicators and lipid profile. MetS was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Results: Mean age of study participants was 38.20 ± 9.55 years. No significant association was found between DII and odds of MetS (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.48-1.76). In terms of MetS components, a significant positive association was seen between DII scores and reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.32-3.97); such that after controlling for energy intake, demographic variables and BMI, participants in the highest category of DII had 2.71 times greater odds for having reduced levels of HDL-C (OR: 2.71, 95% CIs: 1.34, 5.47). There was no other significant association between other components of MetS and DII scores either before or after adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusion: We observed no significant association between DII and odds of MetS. However, higher score of DII was associated with lower levels of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Ghorabi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Esteghamati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Azam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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253
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Nagle CM, Ibiebele T, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Spurdle AB, Webb PM. Dietary inflammatory index, risk and survival among women with endometrial cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 31:203-207. [PMID: 31823169 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic inflammation has been implicated in endometrial carcinogenesis yet the impact of potentially modifiable exposures that might affect inflammation, like diet, has been understudied. This study examined the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a literature-derived tool to assess the inflammatory potential of diet, and risk of developing, and survival after a diagnosis of endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS This study included data from 1,287 women with EC and 1,435 population controls who participated in the Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated from pre-diagnostic dietary intake obtained using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between E-DII scores and risk of EC and proportional-hazards models were used for survival analyses. RESULTS Higher E-DII scores, reflecting a more pro-inflammatory diet, were not associated with risk of EC [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.77-1.24, p-trend = 0.7]. However, in stratified analyses, higher E-DII scores were associated with increased risk of EC among very obese (BMI 35 + kg/m2) women (OR 1.60, 95% CI 0.80-3.21, p-trend = 0.049, p-interaction = 0.045). After a median follow-up of 7.2 years there were 160 deaths, of which 110 (69%) were from EC. We found no association between E-DII score and survival. CONCLUSION Greater inflammatory potential of pre-diagnostic diet was not associated with EC risk or survival. Secondary stratified analysis suggested greater inflammatory potential may be associated with EC risk in very obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Nagle
- Gynaecological Cancers Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Locked Bag 2000, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.
| | - T Ibiebele
- Gynaecological Cancers Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Locked Bag 2000, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - N Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241-2, Columbia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 400, Columbia, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), 1417 Gregg Street, Columbia, USA
| | - J R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241-2, Columbia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 400, Columbia, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), 1417 Gregg Street, Columbia, USA
| | - A B Spurdle
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P M Webb
- Gynaecological Cancers Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Locked Bag 2000, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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254
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Berthelot G, Johnson S, Noirez P, Antero J, Marck A, Desgorces FD, Pifferi F, Carter PA, Spedding M, Manoux AS, Toussaint JF. The age-performance relationship in the general population and strategies to delay age related decline in performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 77:51. [PMID: 31827790 PMCID: PMC6900856 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-019-0375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The age-performance relationship describes changes in the organism's structural and functional capabilities over the course of the lifespan. The typical, empirical pattern is an asymmetrical inverted-U shape association with peak capacity occurring early in life. This process is well described in the literature, with an increasing interest in features that characterize this pattern, such as the rate of growth, age of peak performance, and rate of decline with aging. This is usually examined in cohorts of individuals followed over time with repeat assessments of physical or cognitive abilities. This framework ought to be integrated into public health programs, embedding the beneficial (such as physical or cognitive training) or adverse effects (such as chronic diseases or injuries) that respectively sustain or limit capabilities. The maintenance of physical or cognitive performances at older ages would result in both optimal health and promote resistance to disabling conditions and chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The causes of accelerated degeneration of health optima are mainly: sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles -including poor nutrition-, exposure to environmental pollutants, and heterogeneity in aging. Better knowledge of optima, compatible with or required for good health, should also allow for establishing ideal conditions for longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Berthelot
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France.,REsearch LAboratory for Interdisciplinary Studies (RELAIS), Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Noirez
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France
| | - Juliana Antero
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France
| | - Adrien Marck
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France.,REsearch LAboratory for Interdisciplinary Studies (RELAIS), Paris, France
| | - François-Denis Desgorces
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France
| | | | - Patrick A Carter
- 6School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236 United States of America
| | - Michael Spedding
- IUPHAR and Spedding Research Solutions SAS, Le Vésinet, 78110 France
| | - Archana Singh Manoux
- 8 Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Paris, France.,9Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-François Toussaint
- 1IRMES, INSEP, 11 avenue du Tremblay, Paris, 75012 France.,EA 7329, Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75006 France.,CIMS, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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255
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Buie JJ, Watson LS, Smith CJ, Sims-Robinson C. Obesity-related cognitive impairment: The role of endothelial dysfunction. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 132:104580. [PMID: 31454547 PMCID: PMC6834913 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global pandemic associated with macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction has recently emerged as a significant risk factor for the development of cognitive impairment. In this review, we present evidence from clinical and preclinical studies supporting a role for obesity in cognitive impairment. Next, we discuss how obesity-related hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and gut dysbiosis lead to cognitive impairment through induction of endothelial dysfunction and disruption of the blood brain barrier. Finally, we outline the potential clinical utility of dietary interventions, exercise, and bariatric surgery in circumventing the impacts of obesity on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Jones Buie
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Luke S Watson
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Crystal J Smith
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Catrina Sims-Robinson
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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256
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Ilhan M, Gürağaç Dereli FT, Akkol EK. Novel Drug Targets with Traditional Herbal Medicines for Overcoming Endometriosis. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:386-399. [PMID: 30588884 PMCID: PMC6637095 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666181227112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disease in which the lining of the endometrium is found outside of the uterus. Recent medical treatments for endometriosis have adverse effects, limiting their long-term use. Furthermore, the recurrence of the disease after the cessation of therapy is quite common, and most patients need to continue treatment to maintain a hypoestrogenic environment till conception. Notwithstanding recent advances in computational and chemical practices, traditional medicines are considered the most consistent sources for the discovery of new drugs. Numerous medicinal plants and plantderived compounds have been tested against gynecological disorders, mainly endometriosis. This review aimed to describe the pharmacological activity profile of the medicinal plants and their active ingredients and draw attention to the discovery of multitargeted drug molecules for rational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Ilhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 06330, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Tusba 65080, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 06330, Ankara, Turkey
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257
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Ganie MA, Sahar T, Rashid A, Wani IA, Nisar S, Sathyapalan T, Vishnubhatla S, Ramakrishnan L, Parvez T, Geer I. Comparative Evaluation of Biomarkers of Inflammation Among Indian Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Consuming Vegetarian vs. Non-vegetarian Diet. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:699. [PMID: 31781027 PMCID: PMC6857098 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sub-inflammation and insulin resistance characterize women with PCOS. Data on dietary modulation of inflammation among PCOS women is scant, particularly from Indian subcontinent. The present study aimed to assess the effect of plant based vs. animal origin diets on serum markers of inflammation (primary outcome measure). Methods: This observational case-control study compared age and BMI matched PCOS and apparently healthy women from two populations following different dietary practices. The vegetarian women from New-Delhi (n = 82 PCOS and n = 179 healthy) and non-vegetarian women from Srinagar (n = 62 PCOS and n = 141 healthy) formed the groups. Using a uniform methodology, detailed clinical, biochemical, hormonal, and inflammatory marker assessment was undertaken. Results: The mean age of the overall cohort was 26.23 ± 4.59 years with a mean BMI of 24.39 ± 3.72 kg/m2. Overall pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, hs-CRP and serum resistin) were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10 and adiponectin) were lower among women with PCOS than healthy subjects. On comparing vegetarian women with non-vegetarians, higher daily calorie intake (1895.46 ± 258.19 vs. 1860.13 ± 323.96 Kcal) with a higher protein and fat and lower carbohydrate intake was recorded in the latter, although the percent energy derived from carbohydrates was higher among vegetarians. Clinical and biochemical parameters were comparable among the groups except mFG score, total serum testosterone and serum lipid levels which were higher among non-vegetarian women as compared to their vegetarian counterparts from both categories (PCOS and healthy). Interestingly, vegetarian women with PCOS and healthy women had higher serum pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory markers compared to their non-vegetarian counterparts. Conclusion: Women with PCOS consuming Indian vegetarian diet have higher pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory marker levels than their age and BMI matched healthy non-vegetarian counterparts. This interesting observation can be attributed to the dietary composition, among other factors and needs confirmation from well-designed randomized studies on a larger cohort. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered with CTRI database under registration number CTRI/2013/09/003996.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ashraf Ganie
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Tajali Sahar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Aafia Rashid
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Ishfaq A. Wani
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Sobia Nisar
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Departments of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tabasum Parvez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Ishaq Geer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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258
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Allison DJ, Beaudry KM, Thomas AM, Josse AR, Ditor DS. Changes in nutrient intake and inflammation following an anti-inflammatory diet in spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2019; 42:768-777. [PMID: 30277850 PMCID: PMC6830248 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2018.1519996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the current study was to describe the observed changes in nutrient intakes following a 3-month anti-inflammatory diet, and to explore potential relationships between the change in nutrients and the change in various inflammatory mediators.Design: A secondary analysis of a prior randomized controlled clinical trial.Setting: Individuals with SCI within the Niagara region.Participants: Twenty individuals with various levels and severities of SCI.Intervention: Three-month anti-inflammatory diet.Outcome Measures: The change in nutrient intake and corresponding changes to various inflammatory mediators.Results: The treatment group demonstrated a significant reduction in fat intake (P = 0.02), a significant increase in protein intake (P = 0.02), and no change in carbohydrates (P = 0.23) or energy intake (P = 0.10). The treatment group showed a significant increase in some nutrients with established anti-inflammatory properties including vitamins A, C, and E, and omega-3 fatty acids (P < 0.01). Significant reductions in proinflammatory nutrients were observed including trans fatty acids (P = 0.05), caffeine (P < 0.01), and sodium (P = 0.02). The treatment group also showed significant reductions in the proinflammatory mediators interferon-y (P = 0.01), interleukin-1β (P < 0.01), and interleukin-6 (P < 0.05). Further, several proinflammatory mediators were negatively correlated with anti-inflammatory nutrients, including vitamin A, carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids, and zinc.Conclusion: This study provides evidence that dietary alterations are effective at reducing chronic inflammation in individuals with SCI and provides a preliminary assessment of the related nutrient changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Allison
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada,Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-being, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada,Correspondence to: David J. Allison, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | | | - Aysha M. Thomas
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea R. Josse
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S. Ditor
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada,Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-being, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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259
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Jebeile H, Gow ML, Baur LA, Garnett SP, Paxton SJ, Lister NB. Association of Pediatric Obesity Treatment, Including a Dietary Component, With Change in Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:e192841. [PMID: 31524933 PMCID: PMC6749546 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Children and adolescents with obesity are at higher risk of developing depression and anxiety, and adolescent dieting is a risk factor for the development of depression. Therefore, determining the psychological effect of obesity treatment interventions is important to consider. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between obesity treatment interventions, with a dietary component, and the change in symptoms of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. DATA SOURCES Searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO were conducted from inception to August 2018. Hand searching of references was conducted to identify missing studies. STUDY SELECTION Obesity treatment interventions, with a dietary component, conducted in children and adolescents (age <18 years) with overweight/obesity, and validated assessment of depression and/or anxiety were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were independently extracted by 1 reviewer and checked for accuracy. Meta-analysis, using a random-effects model, was used to combine outcome data and moderator analysis conducted to identify intervention characteristics that may influence change in depression and anxiety. The meta-analyses were finalized in May 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Change in symptoms of depression and anxiety postintervention and at the latest follow-up. RESULTS Of 3078 articles screened, 44 studies met inclusion criteria with a combined sample of 3702 participants (age range, 5.6 to 16.6 years) and intervention duration of 2 weeks to 15 months. Studies reported either no change or a statistically significant reduction in symptoms of depression or anxiety. Meta-analyses of 36 studies found a reduction in depressive symptoms postintervention (standardized mean difference [SE], -0.31 [0.04]; P < .001), maintained at follow-up in 11 studies at 6 to 16 months from baseline (standardized mean difference [SE], -0.25 [0.07]; P < .001). Anxiety was reduced postintervention (10 studies; standardized mean difference [SE], -0.38 [0.10]; P < .001) and at follow-up (4 studies; standardized mean difference [SE], -0.32 [0.15]; P = .03). Longer intervention duration was associated with a greater reduction in anxiety (R2 = 0.82; P < .001). Higher body mass index z score at baseline was associated with a greater reduction in depression (R2 = 0.19; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Structured, professionally run pediatric obesity treatment is not associated with an increased risk of depression or anxiety and may result in a mild reduction in symptoms. Treatment of weight concerns should be considered within the treatment plan for young people with depression and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Jebeile
- The University of Sydney, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management Services, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan L. Gow
- The University of Sydney, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management Services, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- The University of Sydney, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management Services, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah P. Garnett
- The University of Sydney, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management Services, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan J. Paxton
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie B. Lister
- The University of Sydney, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia,Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management Services, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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260
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d'Angelo M, Castelli V, Tupone MG, Catanesi M, Antonosante A, Dominguez-Benot R, Ippoliti R, Cimini AM, Benedetti E. Lifestyle and Food Habits Impact on Chronic Diseases: Roles of PPARs. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215422. [PMID: 31683535 PMCID: PMC6862628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that exert important functions in mediating the pleiotropic effects of diverse exogenous factors such as physical exercise and food components. Particularly, PPARs act as transcription factors that control the expression of genes implicated in lipid and glucose metabolism, and cellular proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advancements reported on the effects of lifestyle and food habits on PPAR transcriptional activity in chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Tupone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Reyes Dominguez-Benot
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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Metabolic Cytokines at Fasting and During Macronutrient Challenges: Influence of Obesity, Female Androgen Excess and Sex. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112566. [PMID: 31652917 PMCID: PMC6893420 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Scope: Cytokines have pleiotropic functions within the organism and their levels may be influenced by obesity, visceral adiposity and sex hormones. Diet composition may also affect their systemic concentrations during fasting and in the postprandial period. Hence, we studied the influence of sex steroids and obesity on the circulating levels of a panel of metabolic cytokines in the fasting state and after single macronutrient challenges. Methods: On alternate days we submitted 17 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (9 non-obese, 8 obese), 17 non-hyperandrogenic control women (9 non-obese, 8 obese) and 19 control men (10 non-obese, 9 obese) to isocaloric oral glucose, lipid and protein loads. Serum levels of omentin-1, vaspin, lipocalin-2, adipsin, PAI-1, chemerin, FGF-21 and FGF-23 were determined by Luminex multiplex technology. Results: During fasting, obese patients presented higher levels of PAI-1, chemerin and adipsin but decreased FGF-23 and omentin-1 compared with non-obese subjects. Vaspin showed sexual dimorphism with lower levels in men than women with PCOS and female controls. Following macronutrient ingestion, most metabolic cytokines presented a similar physiological response consisting of a decrease in circulating concentrations, which was inversely associated with the fasting levels of these molecules. Protein intake caused the major postprandial decrease whereas glucose did not significantly reduce PAI-1, FGF-23 and vaspin, and even increased FGF-21. Regardless of the macronutrient administered, vaspin levels showed a larger reduction in non-obese individuals while the decrease in PAI-1 was particularly noticeable in the obese subgroup. The postprandial reductions of omentin-1 and FGF-23 after glucose and protein loads were influenced by obesity. No major differences were found between patients with PCOS and male and female controls. Conclusions: Obesity, but not PCOS or sex, markedly influences metabolic cytokine levels at fasting and after macronutrient ingestion. The observed postprandial decrease in their circulating concentrations might represent a physiological compensatory mechanism against food-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. This mechanism is altered by obesity and is differently modulated by macronutrients, suggesting a larger contribution of glucose to stressful postprandial responses.
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Ryu I, Kwon M, Sohn C, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Na W, Kim MK. The Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Cancer Risk in Korea: A Prospective Cohort Study within the KoGES-HEXA Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2560. [PMID: 31652856 PMCID: PMC6893737 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have shown that there are consistent positive associations between dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and cancer incidence in Western populations. However, few DII-cancer studies have been conducted in East Asian populations. In a large cohort representative of the general Korean population, we investigated whether the DII is associated with overall cancer risk. A total of 163,660 participants (56,781 males and 106,879 females) had evaluable data for analyses. This follow-up study was carried out over the course of 7.9 years. DII was calculated based on Semi-Quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) data for 106 food items. Cancers were self-reported based on notification by the participants' medical doctors. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After the follow-up, 1,643 cases of cancer (520 males and 1123 females) had developed. In a fully adjusted model, women in the highest DII quintile showed a 44% increased risk of getting cancer (HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.14-1.82; p-trend = 0.0006), while men showed no apparent association (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.58-1.10). These results indicate that in Korean women, a more pro-inflammatory diet is associated with a higher risk of cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Ryu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Minji Kwon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea.
| | - Cheongmin Sohn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea.
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | - Woori Na
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea.
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea.
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263
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Shapira N. The Metabolic Concept of Meal Sequence vs. Satiety: Glycemic and Oxidative Responses with Reference to Inflammation Risk, Protective Principles and Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2373. [PMID: 31590352 PMCID: PMC6835480 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With increasing exposure to eating opportunities and postprandial conditions becoming dominant states, acute effects of meals are garnering interest. In this narrative review, meal components, combinations and course sequence were questioned vis-à-vis resultant postprandial responses, including satiety, glycemic, oxidative and inflammatory risks/outcomes vs. protective principles, with reference to the Mediterranean diet. Representative scientific literature was reviewed and explained, and corresponding recommendations discussed and illustrated. Starting meals with foods, courses and/or preloads high in innate/added/incorporated water and/or fibre, followed by protein-based courses, delaying carbohydrates and fatty foods and minimizing highly-processed/sweetened hedonic foods, would increase satiety-per-calorie vs. obesogenic passive overconsumption. Similarly, starting with high-water/fibre dishes, followed by high-protein foods, oils/fats, and delayed/reduced slowly-digested whole/complex carbohydrate sources, optionally closing with simpler carbohydrates/sugars, would reduce glycaemic response. Likewise, starting with foods high in innate/added/incorporated water/fibre/antioxidants, high monounsaturated fatty acid foods/oils, light proteins and whole/complex carbohydrate foods, with foods/oils low in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios, and minimal-to-no red meat and highly/ultra-processed foods/lipids, would reduce oxidative/inflammatory response. Pyramids illustrating representative meal sequences, from most-to-least protective foods, visually communicate similarities between axes, suggesting potential unification for optimal meal sequence, consistent with anti-inflammatory nutrition and Mediterranean diet/meal principles, warranting application and outcome evaluation.
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264
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Dinan TG, Stanton C, Long-Smith C, Kennedy P, Cryan JF, Cowan CS, Cenit MC, van der Kamp JW, Sanz Y. Feeding melancholic microbes: MyNewGut recommendations on diet and mood. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:1995-2001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ryu S, Shivappa N, Veronese N, Kang M, Mann JR, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Loprinzi PD. Secular trends in Dietary Inflammatory Index among adults in the United States, 1999-2014. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1343-1351. [PMID: 30542148 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate secular trends in Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores in the United States between 1999 and 2014. METHODS Data from adults over 19 years from the 1999 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 39,191) were used. DII scores, at each 2-year cycle, were evaluated from a 24-h recall, including 26 food parameters for DII calculation. Analyses were conducted in 2018. RESULTS For the entire sample, there was a quadratic trend (Ptrend < 0.001), with the DII scores peaking in 2003-2004, and then decreasing during the cycles from 2005 to 2014. Similar quadratic trends (Ptrend < 0.001) were observed by age, gender, race-ethnicity, and education. CONCLUSION Males, non-Hispanic Blacks, younger adults, and those with less education adults had the highest DII scores (i.e., indicating the greatest inflammatory potential). The overall DII scores of the US population showed a quadratic trend from 1999 to 2014. Continued monitoring of DII changes is needed to better understand changes in the inflammatory potential of diet of American adults, and how they relate to changes in the risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungho Ryu
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, USA
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Research Hospital, IRCCS "S. de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padua, Italy
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-Research Hospital, IRCCS "S. de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari Best, Italy
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
| | - Joshua R Mann
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine and John D. Bower School of Population Health, Jackson, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, USA.
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, USA
- College of Nursing at USC, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
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Becaria Coquet J, Caballero VR, Camisasso MC, González MF, Niclis C, Román MD, Muñoz SE, Leone CM, Procino F, Osella AR, Aballay LR. Diet Quality, Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk: An Epidemiologic Study in Córdoba, Argentina. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:1026-1035. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1664601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Becaria Coquet
- Institute of Health Sciences Research (INICSA), National University of Córdoba (UNC), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Victor Ramón Caballero
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Camisasso
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Florencia González
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Camila Niclis
- Institute of Health Sciences Research (INICSA), National University of Córdoba (UNC), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Dolores Román
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sonia Edith Muñoz
- Institute of Health Sciences Research (INICSA), National University of Córdoba (UNC), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carla M. Leone
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Filippo Procino
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Rubén Osella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Rosana Aballay
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National University of Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
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267
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Pocovi-Gerardino G, Correa-Rodríguez M, Callejas-Rubio JL, Ríos-Fernández R, Martín-Amada M, Cruz-Caparros MG, Rueda-Medina B, Ortego-Centeno N. Dietary Inflammatory Index Score and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 120:280-287. [PMID: 31492654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Environmental factors like diet and nutrition are known to play a key role in modulating inflammation and the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index score and cardiovascular disease risk markers in a population of women with SLE. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in women with SLE recruited from 2016 through 2017. PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS Clinically stable women with SLE were enrolled from three public hospitals in the Andalusian region of Spain. Participants with chronic renal failure, active infections, recent trauma, pregnancy, and/or other autoimmune diseases were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A 24-hour diet recall was used to estimate Dietary Inflammatory Index score and physical activity was assessed through the International Physical Activity Questionnaires. Cardiovascular disease risk markers included blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and homocysteine levels, along with diagnosis of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and ankle-brachial index measurement. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Comparisons of cardiovascular disease risk markers across Dietary Inflammatory Index score tertiles were analyzed through a one-way analysis of variance and linear regressions adjusting for age, physical activity level, and medical treatment. RESULTS A total of 105 women (aged 45.4±12.8 years) were included. Linear regression analysis revealed that Dietary Inflammatory Index score was significantly associated with total cholesterol levels (β=.26, 95% CI 1.66 to 14.28; P=0.014) after adjusting for age, physical activity, and the use of medical treatment. No significant associations were observed between Dietary Inflammatory Index score and the other cardiovascular markers considered. CONCLUSIONS Higher inflammatory potential of the diet was positively associated with higher total cholesterol levels in women with SLE. These findings suggest that the inflammatory potential of a person's diet may play a role in lipid profiles in this population. Future intervention studies are needed to build on these results and explore the effect of anti-inflammatory diets on health outcomes in individuals with SLE.
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268
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Peres LC, Hebert JR, Qin B, Guertin KA, Bandera EV, Shivappa N, Camacho TF, Chyn D, Alberg AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Bondy ML, Cote ML, Funkhouser E, Moorman PG, Peters ES, Schwartz AG, Terry PD, Schildkraut JM. Prediagnostic Proinflammatory Dietary Potential Is Associated with All-Cause Mortality among African-American Women with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. J Nutr 2019; 149:1606-1616. [PMID: 31152675 PMCID: PMC6735701 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is associated with ovarian carcinogenesis; yet, the impact of inflammatory-related exposures on outcomes has been understudied. OBJECTIVE Given the poor survival of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, especially African-Americans, we examined whether diet-associated inflammation, a modifiable source of chronic systemic inflammation measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), was associated with all-cause mortality among African-American women with ovarian carcinoma. METHODS Data were available from 490 ovarian carcinoma patients enrolled in a population-based case-control study of African-American women with ovarian cancer, the African-American Cancer Epidemiology Study. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated based on prediagnostic dietary intake of foods alone or foods and supplements, which was self-reported using the 2005 Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate risk of mortality overall and for the most common histotype, high-grade serous carcinoma. Additionally, we assessed interaction by age at diagnosis and smoking status. RESULTS Women included in this study had a median age of 57 y, and the majority of women were obese (58%), had late-stage disease (Stage III or IV, 66%), and had high-grade serous carcinoma (64%). Greater E-DII scores including supplements (indicating greater inflammatory potential) were associated with an increased risk of mortality among women with high-grade serous carcinoma (HR1-unit change: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.17). Similar associations were observed for the E-DII excluding supplements, although not statistically significant (HR1-unit change: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.17). There was an interaction by smoking status, where the positive association with mortality was present only among ever smokers (HRQuartile 4/Quartile 1: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.21, 4.60) but not among never smokers. CONCLUSIONS Greater inflammatory potential of prediagnostic diet may adversely impact prognosis among African-American women with high-grade serous carcinoma, and specifically among ever smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA,Address correspondence to LCP (E-mail: )
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Bo Qin
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Kristin A Guertin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Tareq F Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Deanna Chyn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Anthony J Alberg
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michele L Cote
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Ellen Funkhouser
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Edward S Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Paul D Terry
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN
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Li X, Shen Y, Tang N, Zhu J, Xiao J, Cong R, Zhang H, Wu G, Qi X. Ameliorative Role of
Cabernet Sauvignon
Seed Oil on Hyperlipidemia, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Mice. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
| | - Yingbin Shen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632GuangdongChina
| | - Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
| | - Junyong Xiao
- Infinite Pole (China) Co., Ltd.Guangzhou 510000China
| | - Renhuai Cong
- Infinite Pole (China) Co., Ltd.Guangzhou 510000China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
| | - Xiguang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China
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270
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Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Breast Cancer Based on Hormone Receptor Status: A Case-Control Study in Korea. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081949. [PMID: 31430979 PMCID: PMC6723443 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally, and the risk of developing breast cancer is associated with inflammation. The present study aimed to examine the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and breast cancer in Korean women and investigate whether the tumor’s hormone receptor status affects this association. In this case-control study, we enrolled 364 breast cancer patients and 364 age-matched controls. DII scores were calculated from dietary intake evaluated by a 106-item food frequency questionnaire. The DII score was significantly higher in cases than in controls. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio (OR) of breast cancer was higher in the highest DII tertile (OR = 3.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.34–5.80, p for trend < 0.0001) than in the lowest tertile. We found that higher DII scores were related to an increased risk of breast cancer for estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR)+ tumors regardless of menopausal status (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.37–4.88 in the highest DII category, p for trend = 0.01 for premenopausal women; OR = 11.00, 95% CI: 2.93–41.30 in the highest DII category, p for trend = 0.0004 for postmenopausal women), but not for ER−/PR− status. Our results suggested that the DII scores are positively associated with breast cancer risk in Korean women and that this relationship is more robust in ER+/PR+ tumors.
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271
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Kim HS, Kwon M, Lee HY, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Sohn C, Na W, Kim MK. Higher Pro-Inflammatory Dietary Score is Associated with Higher Hyperuricemia Risk: Results from the Case-Controlled Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study_Cardiovascular Disease Association Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1803. [PMID: 31387233 PMCID: PMC6722783 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, the elevated dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores have been consistently associated with several chronic diseases. However, the relationship with hyperuricemia remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if the DII is associated with hyperuricemia risk. The study included 13,701 participants (men 5102; women 8599) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in South Korea. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was used to measure dietary intake, and blood samples were obtained to determine hyperuricemia. As the DII score increased, the hyperuricemia risk increased among women (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03-1.77, p trend = 0.02). However, no significant results were found for men. Women with lower BMI scores had higher risks of hyperuricemia with higher DII scores (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.05-2.52, p trend = 0.03). As the DII increased, however, only women who consumed alcohol ("past or current drinkers") had higher risks of hyperuricemia (OR 1.92, 1.22-3.02, p trend = 0.004). Among the DII components, intake of flavonoids showed a significant association with the hyperuricemia risk in women (OR 0.75, 0.59-0.96, p trend = 0.03). Our results suggest that higher intake of pro-inflammatory diet is significantly associated with higher risk of hyperuricemia among women. These results reinforce the importance of less pro-inflammatory habitual dietary patterns in lowering the risk of hyperuricemia and secondary afflictions such as cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea
| | - Minji Kwon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea
| | - Hyun Yi Lee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Cheongmin Sohn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
| | - Woori Na
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea.
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Leyva-Jiménez FJ, Lozano-Sánchez J, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A. Functional Ingredients based on Nutritional Phenolics. A Case Study against Inflammation: Lippia Genus. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1646. [PMID: 31323877 PMCID: PMC6682913 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported convincing evidence that natural dietary compounds may modify inflammation, it being an important event described in the pathophysiology of age-related infirmity. Among different dietary components, nutritional phenolics have demonstrated links to a lower risk of inflammation in the most common degenerative and chronic diseases. In this way, the healthy potential of phenolics against inflammation and the emergence of new functional ingredients have caused an enhancement of nutraceutical and functional food formulation. The present review focuses on: (a) nutritional phenolics and their effects on inflammation and (b) functional ingredients based on phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, the emerging interest in health-promoting products by consumers has caused an increase in the demand for functional products and nutraceuticals. Additionally, this review includes a case study of the Lippia genus, which has shown anti-inflammatory effects claiming to be a natural alternative for the management of this physiological disorder. This report is a practical tool for healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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273
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Coe S, Spruzen SL, Sanchez C, Izadi H, Dawes H. A Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study of Nutrient Intake Patterns in People With Parkinson's Compared to Government Nutrition Guidelines. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:187-191. [PMID: 31264944 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1633440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diet could have implications for disease progression and management in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP). However, the knowledge of diet intake patterns in PwP is limited.Objectives: We set out to assess the feasibility of collecting diet data in PwP to determine food and nutrient intake, in order to compare to national nutrition guidelines and thus understand the habits in this population.Methods: In this cross-sectional feasibility study, PwP were approached through local support groups throughout the Thames Valley and were asked to complete a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Eligibility criteria included a self-reported neurologist confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Completeness of questionnaires was reported and 80% was considered appropriate for each measure including demographic information.Results: Response rate was 61% and missing data rate for the 121 returned questionnaires was 74%; however, of the 90 used for analysis there was 100% completion of the questionnaires. Compared to the UK government guidelines, protein was significantly higher for both males and females and fluid intake was lower for both genders (p < 0.001). There were several other differences in nutrient intake compared to guidelines.Conclusion: We observed high levels of engagement from PwP and found that assessing food and nutrient patterns in PwP was feasible. Importantly, the diet was generally healthy overall, yet there were specific nutrients that may affect medication metabolism in PwP that were found to be high. Therefore further research into this emerging and important area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Coe
- Centre for Movement Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah-Lynn Spruzen
- Centre for Movement Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Cheyenne Sanchez
- Centre for Movement Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- Centre for Movement Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Dawes
- Centre for Movement Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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274
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Gassen J, Hill SE. Why inflammation and the activities of the immune system matter for social and personality psychology (and not only for those who study health). SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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275
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Dietary patterns associated with inflammatory biomarkers in a Northern German population. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1433-1441. [PMID: 31115681 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02000-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to derive overall and sex-specific dietary patterns associated with inflammatory biomarkers in a general population sample from Northern Germany. METHODS The present analysis included 1158 participants (477 men, 681 women, mean age: 53.1 years; mean body mass index: 26.2 kg/m2) of the Food Chain Plus (FoCus) cohort in Kiel, Germany. Participants completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and provided blood samples. Reduced rank regression with C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) as response variables was used to derive dietary patterns. After a mean follow-up of 1.7 years, a second blood sample was obtained in a subsample of 112 individuals. Multiple regression models were used to examine the association between dietary patterns at baseline and inflammatory biomarkers at follow-up. RESULTS The overall pattern characterised by high intakes of soft drinks, meat, potatoes and sauce, and low intakes of other cereals (except pasta/rice), wine, nuts, seeds, vegetarian dishes, vegetable oil, and fish was positively associated with CRP (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.12, 4.35) and IL-6 (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.26, 7.87) at follow-up. In men, the dietary pattern was higher in soft drinks, processed meat and low in cereals and plant-based fats. In women, the pattern was characterised by soft drinks, meat, vegetables and low in other cereals, wine, nuts, and seeds. The association between sex-specific patterns with inflammatory biomarkers was weaker for CRP. CONCLUSION We identified dietary patterns positively associated with established biomarkers of chronic low-grade inflammation.
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276
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Koch W. Dietary Polyphenols-Important Non-Nutrients in the Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases. A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051039. [PMID: 31075905 PMCID: PMC6566812 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of the social and economic conditions of society has eliminated the threat of death from the majority of infectious diseases. However, the rapid progress of civilization has created new possibilities for the appearance of factors with adverse effects for the health of society. This has led to increased morbidity from certain diseases, the presence of which had not been observed several centuries ago. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (e.g., cancers, cardio-vascular disorders, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases) result from an inappropriate relationship between people and their environment. The common characteristic for all chronic diseases is a “new” form of inflammation, very often called metaflammation, which is considered as a subclinical, permanent inflammation. As a result, metabolic cascade, including cellular oxidative stress, atherosclerotic process, and insulin resistance, occurs, which slowly generates significant deterioration in the organism. Polyphenols are the major group of non-nutrients, considering their diversity, food occurrence, and biological properties. The current review aims to present a wide spectrum of literature data, including the molecular mechanism of their activity and experimental model used, and summarize the recent findings on the multitude of physiological effects of dietary polyphenols towards the prevention of several chronic diseases. However, despite several studies, the estimation of their dietary intake is troublesome and inconclusive, which will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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277
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Epigenetics and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence. Int J Inflam 2019; 2019:6273680. [PMID: 31205673 PMCID: PMC6530203 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6273680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested to play a role in the genetic regulation of pathways related to inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review studies investigating the association between DNA methylation and histone modifications with circulatory inflammation markers in blood. Five bibliographic databases were screened until 21 November of 2017. We included studies conducted on humans that examined the association between epigenetic marks (DNA methylation and/or histone modifications) and a comprehensive list of inflammatory markers. Of the 3,759 identified references, 24 articles were included, involving, 17,399 individuals. There was suggestive evidence for global hypomethylation but better-quality studies in the future have to confirm this. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) (n=7) reported most of the identified differentially methylated genes to be hypomethylated in inflammatory processes. Candidate genes studies reported 18 differentially methylated genes related to several circulatory inflammation markers. There was no overlap in the methylated sites investigated in candidate gene studies and EWAS, except for TMEM49, which was found to be hypomethylated with higher inflammatory markers in both types of studies. The relation between histone modifications and inflammatory markers was assessed by one study only. This review supports an association between epigenetic marks and inflammation, suggesting hypomethylation of the genome. Important gaps in the quality of studies were reported such as inadequate sample size, lack of adjustment for relevant confounders, and failure to replicate the findings. While most of the studies have been focused on C-reactive protein, further efforts should investigate other inflammatory markers.
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278
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Craddock JC, Neale EP, Peoples GE, Probst YC. Vegetarian-Based Dietary Patterns and their Relation with Inflammatory and Immune Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:433-451. [PMID: 30947338 PMCID: PMC6520040 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns with substantial proportions of energy from plant sources have been associated with favorable biomarkers of low-grade inflammation. Less is known of the relation between vegetarian-based dietary patterns and markers of inflammation and immune status. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the relation between vegetarian-based dietary patterns and inflammatory and immune markers (C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor α, fibrinogen, natural killer cells, leukocytes, lymphocytes, thrombocytes, interleukins, and immunoglobulins). PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane scientific databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for each outcome variable between vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups. Thirty observational and 10 intervention studies were included in the review. Pooled effects of vegetarian-based dietary patterns were associated with significantly lower concentrations of CRP (WMD: -0.61 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.32 mg/L; P = 0.0001), fibrinogen (WMD: -0.22 g/L; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.04 mg/L; P = 0.02), and total leukocyte (WMD: -0.62 × 10(3)/μL; 95% CI -1.13 × 10(3), -0.10 × 10(3)/μL; P = 0.02) compared with those following non-vegetarian dietary patterns in observational studies. Insufficient data were identified for a meta-analysis of intervention studies. This study provides evidence that vegetarian-based dietary patterns are associated with lowered serum C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and total leukocyte concentrations. Future research should focus on large-scale intervention trials, contrasting differences in inflammation and immune status and function between vegetarian and non-vegetarian-based populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C Craddock
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia,Address correspondence to JCC (e-mail: )
| | - Elizabeth P Neale
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory E Peoples
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Yasmine C Probst
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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279
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Lee DH, Fung TT, Tabung FK, Colditz GA, Ghobrial IM, Rosner BA, Giovannucci EL, Birmann BM. Dietary Pattern and Risk of Multiple Myeloma in Two Large Prospective US Cohort Studies. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2019; 3:pkz025. [PMID: 31149654 PMCID: PMC6532330 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The limited data on specific dietary components and risk of multiple myeloma (MM) show no consistent association. Studies have not examined the association of dietary pattern with MM risk. Methods In prospective cohorts of 69 751 women (Nurses’ Health Study, 1984–2014) and 47 232 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986–2014), we examined the association between dietary pattern and risk of MM using Cox proportional hazard models. Diet was assessed repeatedly every 4 years with food frequency questionnaires and was used to calculate dietary patterns including the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, Alternate Mediterranean Diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Prudent and Western patterns, the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), and empirical dietary indices for insulin resistance (EDIR) and hyperinsulinemia (EDIH). Results During 2 792 257 person-years of follow-up, we identified 478 incident MM cases (215 women, 263 men). In men, high EDIP was statistically significantly associated with a 16% increase in MM risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.32 per 1-SD increase). Moreover, EDIR and EDIH had a suggestive positive association (EDIR: HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.96 to 1.24; and EDIH: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.28 per 1-SD increase). We observed no other associations with MM risk in men and no associations for any dietary pattern with MM risk in women. Conclusions We present the first evidence for a role of diets with higher inflammatory or insulinemic potential in MM development. Further studies are warranted to explore these associations in other populations, including the apparent restriction to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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280
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Faghih S, Babajafari S, Mirzaei A, Akhlaghi M. Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern and mental health in Iranian university students. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1001-1011. [PMID: 31020399 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examining the association between adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern and mental health in Iranian university students. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 university students (mean age 21.5 years; 86.7% female). Mental health was evaluated using validated Persian versions of the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21). The lower the subjects' scores on these questionnaires, the better their mental health. Usual past-year dietary intakes were assessed by a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The DASH score was computed based on energy-adjusted intakes of eight major dietary components emphasized or minimized in the DASH pattern. The higher the DASH score of a subject, the greater his/her adherence to the DASH pattern. RESULTS The Pearson's correlation coefficients of DASH score with GHQ-12 total score, DASS-21 total score, and DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress subscale scores were - 0.431, - 0.441, - 0.434, - 0.325, and - 0.408, respectively (all P < 0.001). Compared to those in the lowest tertile, subjects in the highest tertile of DASH score had lower means of GHQ-12 total score (mean difference - 4.6; P < 0.001), DASS-21 total score (mean difference - 9.1; P < 0.001), and DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress subscale scores (mean differences for depression, anxiety, and stress - 3.6, - 2.4, and - 3.2, respectively; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that greater adherence to the DASH dietary pattern is associated with better mental health in Iranian university students. However, prospective studies of sufficient methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Mirzaei
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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281
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Magodoro IM, Feng M, North CM, Vořechovská D, Kraemer JD, Kakuhikire B, Bangsberg D, Tsai AC, Siedner MJ. Female sex and cardiovascular disease risk in rural Uganda: a cross-sectional, population-based study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:96. [PMID: 31023227 PMCID: PMC6485175 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden are widely acknowledged, with male sex considered a risk factor in high-income settings. However, these relationships have not been examined in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed to apply the American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) tool modified by the addition of C-reactive protein (CRP) to examine potential sex-based differences in the prevalence of CVD risk in rural Uganda. METHODS In a cross-sectional study nested within a population-wide census, 857 community-living adults completed physical and laboratory-based assessments to calculate individual ideal CVH metrics including an eight category for CRP levels. We summarized sex-specific ideal CVH indices, fitting ordinal logistic regression models to identify correlates of improving CVH. As secondary outcomes, we assessed subscales of ideal CVH behaviours and factors. Models included inverse probability of sampling weights to determine population-level estimates. RESULTS The weighted-population mean age was 39.2 (1.2) years with 52.0 (3.7) % females. Women had ideal scores in smoking (80.4% vs. 68.0%; p < 0.001) and dietary intake (26.7% vs. 16.8%; p = 0.037) versus men, but the opposite in body mass index (47.3% vs. 84.4%; p < 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (87.4% vs. 95.2%; p = 0.001), total cholesterol (80.2% vs. 85.0%; p = 0.039) and CRP (30.8% vs. 49.7%; p = 0.009). Overall, significantly more men than women were classified as having optimal cardiovascular health (6-8 metrics attaining ideal level) (39.7% vs. 29.0%; p = 0.025). In adjusted models, female sex was correlated with lower CVH health factors sub-scales but higher ideal CVH behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to findings in much of the world, female sex in rural SSA is associated with worse ideal CVH profiles, despite women having better indices for ideal CVH behaviors. Future work should assess the potential role of socio-behavioural sex-specific risk factors for ideal CVH in SSA, and better define the downstream consequences of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itai M Magodoro
- Harvard Medical School, 125 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Maggie Feng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Crystal M North
- Harvard Medical School, 125 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John D Kraemer
- Department of Health Systems Administration, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - David Bangsberg
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alexander C Tsai
- Harvard Medical School, 125 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Siedner
- Harvard Medical School, 125 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Mbarara University of Science & Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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282
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Lim CC, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shao Y, Silverman DT, Jones RR, Thurston GD. Mediterranean Diet and the Association Between Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk. Circulation 2019; 139:1766-1775. [PMID: 30700142 PMCID: PMC6453737 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.035742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent experimental evidence suggests that nutritional supplementation can blunt adverse cardiopulmonary effects induced by acute air pollution exposure. However, whether usual individual dietary patterns can modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and health outcomes has not been previously investigated. We assessed, in a large cohort with detailed diet information at the individual level, whether a Mediterranean diet modifies the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cardiovascular disease mortality risk. METHODS The National Institutes of Health-American Association for Retired Persons Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort (N=548 845) across 6 states and 2 cities in the United States and with a follow-up period of 17 years (1995-2011), was linked to estimates of annual average exposures to fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide at the residential census-tract level. The alternative Mediterranean Diet Index, which uses a 9-point scale to assess conformity with a Mediterranean-style diet, was constructed for each participant from information in cohort baseline dietary questionnaires. We evaluated mortality risks for cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or cardiac arrest associated with long-term air pollution exposure. Effect modification of the associations between exposure and the mortality outcomes by alternative Mediterranean Diet Index was examined via interaction terms. RESULTS For fine particulate matter, we observed elevated and significant associations with cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio [HR] per 10 μg/m3, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.18), ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.10-1.23), and cerebrovascular disease (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.28). For nitrogen dioxide, we found significant associations with cardiovascular disease (HR per 10 ppb, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04-1.08) and ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.11). Analyses indicated that Mediterranean diet modified these relationships, as those with a higher alternative Mediterranean Diet Index score had significantly lower rates of cardiovascular disease mortality associated with long-term air pollution exposure ( P-interaction<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A Mediterranean diet reduced cardiovascular disease mortality risk related to long-term exposure to air pollutants in a large prospective US cohort. Increased consumption of foods rich in antioxidant compounds may aid in reducing the considerable disease burden associated with ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C. Lim
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Debra T. Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Rockville, MD
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Rockville, MD
| | - George D. Thurston
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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283
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Elmaliklis IN, Liveri A, Ntelis B, Paraskeva K, Goulis I, Koutelidakis AE. Increased Functional Foods' Consumption and Mediterranean Diet Adherence May Have a Protective Effect in the Appearance of Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Case⁻Control Study. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6020050. [PMID: 30970582 PMCID: PMC6631641 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested a possible correlation between nutritional factors and gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: A case–control study was designed in order to investigate if functional foods consumption and Mediterranean diet adherence have a positive effect in ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total, 142 patients (cases) and 147 gender-matched healthy people (controls) participated in the study. Functional food consumption was screened by using a Food Frequency Questionnaire based on the NHANES study, while Mediterranean diet adoption was evaluated by a 14-item Med Diet Assessment tool based on the PREDIMED study. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS-22. Results: In the previous 2–3 years, the controls had more frequently consumed some categories (probiotics, prebiotics-enriched, and low-fat foods) and some kinds of functional foods (mountain tea, berries, pomegranate, oats, mastics, turmeric, soybeans, and raisins) compared to the cases (p < 0.05). Healthy people were more adherent to the Mediterranean diet than patients (p < 0.05). A multifactor analysis showed that the augmented score of the Mediterranean diet and the augmented consumption of categories and kinds of functional foods were protective factors in the appearance of gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: More studies should be conducted in order to further investigate the possible association between specific food components and gastrointestinal diseases’ pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis-Nektarios Elmaliklis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Limnos, Greece.
| | - Athanasia Liveri
- Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, University of Piraeus, Karaoli & Dimitriou 80, 18534 Piraeus, Greece.
| | - Basileios Ntelis
- G. Genimmatas Hospital, Leoforos Mesogeion 154, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Ioannis Goulis
- Ippokrateio Hospital of Thessaloniki, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Antonios E Koutelidakis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Limnos, Greece.
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284
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Huang WQ, Long WQ, Mo XF, Zhang NQ, Luo H, Lin FY, Huang J, Zhang CX. Direct and indirect associations between dietary magnesium intake and breast cancer risk. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5764. [PMID: 30962499 PMCID: PMC6453912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of dietary magnesium intake on breast cancer risk both directly and indirectly via its effect on inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). This case-control study recruited 1050 case patients and 1229 control subjects. Inflammatory marker levels of 322 cases and 322 controls, randomly selected, were measured using ELISA, and data on dietary magnesium intake were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and path analysis was used to investigate the mediating effect. A higher magnesium intake was associated with a lower breast cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65, 0.99). A positive association was found between the CRP level and breast cancer risk (adjusted OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.02-2.01). However, IL-6 was not found to be associated with breast cancer risk. Path analysis revealed that dietary magnesium affected breast cancer risk both directly and indirectly by influencing the CRP level. The results indicate that a direct negative association and an indirect association through influencing the CRP level were observed between dietary magnesium intake and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Qing Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei-Qing Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Mo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Nai-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fang-Yu Lin
- Nursing Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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285
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Agraib LM, Azab M, Al-Shudifat AE, Allehdan SS, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Tayyem R. Dietary inflammatory index and odds of coronary artery disease in a case-control study from Jordan. Nutrition 2019; 63-64:98-105. [PMID: 30933733 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between inflammatory potential diet as determined by dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a population-based, case-control study of middle-aged Jordanian adults. METHODS In the present study, 388 patients who were referred for elective coronary angiography at Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman, were enrolled. Of these, 198 were confirmed CAD cases and 190 were CAD-free control participants. DII scores were computed from dietary intake assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS CAD cases had significantly higher DII scores, higher body mass index (BMI), higher prevalence of diabetes, lower educational attainment, and lower physical activity than the CAD-free controls. A statistically significant higher risk for CAD was observed in those with DII scores in the highest tertile than in those in the lowest (ORtertile3vs1, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.18-3.66), after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. A positive association was found between higher DII and CAD risk when DII score was used as a continuous variable (ORcontinuous, 1.13 per unit increase in DII corresponding to ∼11% of its range in the current study; 95% CI, 1.00-1.32). CONCLUSIONS The present findings, obtained in this ordanian population, add to the growing literature indicating that a proinflammatory diet is associated with higher risk for developing CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana M Agraib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Azab
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Sabika S Allehdan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Reema Tayyem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
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286
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Postprandial inflammatory responses after oral glucose, lipid and protein challenges: Influence of obesity, sex and polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:876-885. [PMID: 30975555 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Most evidence linking the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with chronic low-grade inflammation has been obtained in the fasting state. We have studied the postprandial inflammatory response to oral glucose, lipid and protein challenges and the possible influences of obesity, sex and PCOS on these responses. METHODS On alternate days, we submitted 17 women with PCOS (9 non-obese, 8 obese), 17 control women (9 non-obese, 8 obese) and 19 control men (10 non-obese, 9 obese) to isocaloric (300 Kcal) oral macronutrient loads. We assayed serum for TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, IL-10, pentraxin-3 and galectin-3 concentrations and leukocytes for expression of TNF, IL6, IL10 and their receptors TNFRSF1B, IL6R and IL10RA. RESULTS Circulating IL-6 levels decreased after glucose and protein ingestion but slightly increased after oral lipid intake. Leukocyte IL6 expression did not change after the ingestion of any macronutrient yet IL6R expression increased during all macronutrient challenges, the largest increase being observed after glucose ingestion. Serum TNF-α similarly decreased during either macronutrient load, whereas TNF expression increased after macronutrient ingestion, the highest increase observed after oral glucose. TNFRSF1B expression also increased after glucose intake but not after lipid or protein ingestion. No global effect of obesity or group on postprandial circulating IL-6, TNF-α, or IL6, IL6R, TNF and TNFRSF1B expression was found. Circulating IL-18 concentrations decreased during all oral challenges, whereas in case of galectin-3 and pentraxin-3 only the protein load caused a reduction in its concentrations. Of the genes studied here, IL10 showed the largest increase in expression throughout all the postprandial curves, particularly after glucose. Obesity blunted the increase in IL10 expression. IL10RA expression decreased after glucose ingestion but remained unchanged during lipid and protein loads. CONCLUSIONS Glucose ingestion, as opposed to lipid and protein intake, results into the largest increase in leukocyte gene expression of inflammatory mediators. The expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 was the largest observed here, suggesting a compensatory mechanisms against postprandial inflammation that may be blunted in obesity. However, these responses did not translate into the circulating concentrations of these inflammatory mediators during the immediate postprandial phase.
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287
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Darooghegi Mofrad M, Milajerdi A, Koohdani F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Garlic Supplementation Reduces Circulating C-reactive Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and Interleukin-6 in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Nutr 2019; 149:605-618. [PMID: 30949665 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting findings on the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers have been observed in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to summarize study results regarding the effects of garlic supplementation on serum inflammatory biomarkers in adults. METHODS We searched Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library databases for relevant papers published until April 2018, using keywords such as "garlic" and "inflammatory biomarker." We included RCTs that 1) were conducted in adults, 2) examined the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers compared to a control group, and 3) reported sufficient data on inflammatory biomarkers. Results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% CI using random effects models. Cochrane's Q and I-squared (I2) tests were used to determine heterogeneity among studies. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were used to assess publication bias. RESULTS Sixteen RCTs were included. Garlic doses ranged from 12 to 3600 mg/d, and intervention duration ranged from 2 to 52 wk. Garlic administration significantly reduced serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (n = 13) (WMD: -0.61 mg/L, 95% CI: -1.12, -0.11, P = 0.018, I2 = 76.9%), IL-6 (n = 5) (WMD: -0.73 ng/L, 95% CI: -1.06, -0.40, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%), and TNF (n = 7) (WMD: -0.26 ng/L, 95% CI: -0.41, -0.12, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%), compared to controls. However, the effect of garlic supplementation on serum adiponectin (n = 3) (WMD: 0.18 µg/L, 95% CI: -0.21, 0.57, P = 0.35, I2 = 60.7%) and leptin (n = 2) (WMD: -1.25 µg/L, 95% CI: -2.64, 0.14, P = 0.07, I2 = 0.0%) concentrations were not significant. CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis of RCTs, we found that garlic supplementation reduced serum concentrations of CRP, TNF, IL-6, but did not affect serum adiponectin and leptin in adults. More RCTs are needed to test the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, IR.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, IR
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, IR.,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, IR.,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR
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288
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Vahid F, Shivappa N, Hekmatdoost A, R Hebert J, Poustchi H, Shamsipour A, Eslamparast T, Meibodi M, Rahmani D. Association of Pro-inflammatory Dietary Intake and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Findings from Iranian case-control study. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:144-150. [PMID: 30887902 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is considered as a major health problem in the world. There is much evidence that diet and dietary factors play an important role in inflammation, and consequently pathogenesis of NAFLD. To investigate the role of diet in the development of inflammation, we can use the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which has been shown to be predictive of levels of inflammatory markers. Methods: 295 incident cases were selected using the convenience-sampling procedure, and 704 controls randomly were selected from the same clinic and among the patients who had no hepatic steatosis and were frequency-matched on age (±5 years) and sex. The DII was computed based on dietary intake from 168-item FFQ. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable ORs. Results: Subjects in tertile 3 had 1.57 (95% CI: 1.13-2.20), 1.78 (95% CI: 1.19-2.67), and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.32-3.09) times higher odds of developing NAFLD, compared to subjects in tertile 1 in models 1 (adjusted for age), 2 (model 1 + BMI, education, smoking, alcohol, diabetes, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides) and 3 (model 2 + aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase), respectively. When used as a continuous variable, one unit increase in DII was associated with 1.16 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.29), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.107, 1.37) and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.43) increase in odds of NAFLD in models one, 2 and 3 respectively. Conclusion: Subjects who consumed a more pro-inflammatory diet were at increased odds of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- 2 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,4 Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - James R Hebert
- 2 Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,4 Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- 6 Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Group, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsipour
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Eslamparast
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Meibodi
- 5 Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diyako Rahmani
- 7 Department of communication, journalism and marketing, Massey University, New Zealand
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289
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Turner-McGrievy GM, Wirth MD, Shivappa N, Dunn CG, Crimarco A, Hurley TG, West DS, Hussey JR, Hébert JR. Impact of a 12-month Inflammation Management Intervention on the Dietary Inflammatory Index, inflammation, and lipids. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 30:42-51. [PMID: 30904228 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility (ability to recruit participants and develop the 12-month intervention), acceptability (retention of participants in the intervention), and impact on systemic inflammation and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores over a 12-month DII-based intervention. METHODS Adults were recruited to participate in a self-selection trial (intervention: n = 61, in-person classes; control: n = 34, newsletters). Classes included participatory cooking and dietary recommendations focused on consuming a plant-based diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods (spices, vegetables, etc.). Changes in markers of inflammation, lipids, and DII were analyzed using general linear models with repeated measurements. RESULTS At 3 months, intervention participants had significantly lower DII scores (-2.66 ± 2.44) compared to controls (-0.38 ± 2.56) (p < 0.01); but not at 12 months (P = 0.10). The only biomarker to approach a significant group effect or group-by-time interaction was CRP (P = 0.11 for the group-by-time interaction). CRP decreased by -0.65 mg/L (95%CI = 0.10-1.20, P = 0.02) at 12 months in the intervention group; no significant decrease was seen for the control group. With both groups combined at 3 months, those with the greatest decrease/improvement in DII score (tertile 1) compared with those whose scores increased (tertile 3) had greater reductions in CRP (-1.09 vs. +0.52 mg/L, P = 0.04), total cholesterol (-9.38 vs. +12.02 mg/dL, P = 0.01), and LDL cholesterol (-11.99 vs. +7.16 mg/dL, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Although the intervention group had reductions in DII and CRP, main inflammation and lipid outcomes did not differ between groups. Overall, those participants with the largest reduction in DII scores had the largest reductions in CRP and LDL and total cholesterol. Future interventions may need to have more components in place to support maintenance and continued reductions in the DII. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02382458.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle M Turner-McGrievy
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, USA
| | - Caroline G Dunn
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Anthony Crimarco
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Thomas G Hurley
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, USA
| | - Delia S West
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, USA
| | - James R Hussey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, USA
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290
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Bergmans RS, Kelly KM, Mezuk B. Inflammation as a unique marker of suicide ideation distinct from depression syndrome among U.S. adults. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:1052-1060. [PMID: 30699847 PMCID: PMC6448785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory states may be independently associated with the risk of suicidality, above and beyond depression. This study assesses whether four indicators of inflammation, circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) count and immunoglobulin E (IgE), and dietary inflammatory potential, measured using the Dietary Inflammatory Index® (DII), distinguish suicidal ideation (SI) from major depression (MD). METHODS Data come from multiple cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NCRP&WBC = 13,912; NDII = 17,076; NIgE = 4,060). MD was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); SI was indicated by the last item of the PHQ-9. To assess SI independent from MD, participants were classified into four categories: SI with MD, SI without MD, MD without SI, and neither MD nor SI. Regression models were used to assess the relationship between indicators of inflammation and SI with and without MD. RESULTS None of the inflammatory indicators were able to distinguish SI status among MD cases. DII was associated with SI among individuals without MD. CRP, DII, and WBC were associated with MD. No associations were found for IgE. LIMITATIONS Cross-section data prevent drawing causal conclusions. Underreporting of MD and suicidal ideation and measurement of habitual diet using 24 h dietary recalls are also weaknesses. CONCLUSION Dietary inflammatory potential was associated with suicide ideation among US adults with and without depression. Diet may play a role in suicide ideation and more empirical evidence is needed to determine whether nutritional protocols could aid in the treatment of suicidal behaviors. Findings did not support inflammatory factors having a relationship with suicide ideation distinct from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Bergmans
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Kristen M Kelly
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Briana Mezuk
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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291
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The healthy Nordic dietary pattern has no effect on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Nutrition 2019; 58:140-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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292
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Nutritional evaluation of mixed wheat–faba bean pasta in growing rats: impact of protein source and drying temperature on protein digestibility and retention. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:496-507. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of pasta enriched with legume or wheat gluten proteins and dried at varying temperature. A total of four isonitrogenous experimental diets were produced using gluten powder/wheat semolina (6/94, g/g) pasta and faba bean flour/wheat semolina (35/65, g/g) pasta dried at either 55°C (GLT and FLT, respectively) or 90°C (FVHT and GVHT, respectively). Experimental diets were fed to ten 1-month-old Wistar rats (body weight=176 (sem 15) g) for 21 d. Growth and nutritional, metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured and compared with an isonitrogenous casein diet (CD). The enrichment with faba bean increased the lysine, threonine and branched amino acids by 97, 23 and 10 %, respectively. Protein utilisation also increased by 75 % (P<0·01) in FLT in comparison to GLT diet, without any effect on the corrected faecal digestibility (P>0·05). Faba bean pasta diets' corrected protein digestibility and utilisation was only 3·5 and 9 %, respectively, lower than the CD. Growth rate, blood composition and muscle weights were not generally different with faba bean pasta diets compared with CD. Corrected protein digestibility was 3 % lower in GVHT than GLT, which may be associated with greater carboxymethyllysine. This study in growing rats clearly indicates improvement in growth performance of rats fed legume-enriched pasta diet compared with rats fed gluten–wheat pasta diet, regardless of pasta drying temperature. This means faba bean flour can be used to improve the protein quality and quantity of pasta.
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293
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Associations between dietary insulin load with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory parameters in elderly men: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:773-781. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AbstractGiven the limited research on dietary insulin load (DIL), we examined DIL in relation to cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers in elderly men. For the present cross-sectional study, we recruited 357 elderly men. Dietary intake was assessed using FFQ. DIL was estimated by multiplying the insulin index of each food by its energy content and frequency of consumption and then summing the final value of all food items. After adjustment for covariates, a significant positive association was observed between high DIL with fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (OR: 7·52; 95 % CI 3·38, 16·75; P=0·0001) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (OR: 3·03; 95 % CI 1·54, 5·94; P=0·001). However, there was no association between high DIL and BMI (OR: 1·43; 95 % CI 0·75, 2·75; P=0·27), serum TAG level (OR: 0·82; 95 % CI 0·26, 2·59; P=0·73), HDL-cholesterol (OR: 2·03; 95 % CI 0·79, 5·23; P=0·13) and fibrinogen (OR: 1·57; 95 % CI 0·80, 3·06; P=0·18). Overall, elderly men with high DIL had higher FBS and hs-CRP levels than those with low DIL. Future studies are needed to clarify the association between DIL and other cardiovascular risk factors in both men and women.
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294
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Corley J, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Starr JM, Deary IJ. Associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index Scores and Inflammatory Biomarkers among Older Adults in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:628-636. [PMID: 31367727 PMCID: PMC6675764 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key underlying mechanism in several age-related chronic conditions and previous studies have shown that diet can modulate the inflammatory process. We investigated the ability of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a summary measure of dietary inflammatory potential, to predict concentrations of plasma inflammatory markers in a sample of older people. DESIGN Cross-sectional and 3-year follow-up analysis of Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study data. SETTING Baseline data collection occurred between 2004 and 2007 in Edinburgh, Scotland. PARTICIPANTS Men and women (n 928, age ~70 at baseline) living in Edinburgh and surrounding regions who are surviving participants of the Scottish Mental Survey of 1947. MEASUREMENTS Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores at age 70 (derived from a food-frequency questionnaire), plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers at age 70 (C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen) and age 73 (CRP, fibrinogen, hs-CRP, Interleukin-6 (IL-6)). Analyses were performed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and hypercholesterolaemia. RESULTS Higher E-DII scores (pro-inflammatory diet) were associated with increased odds of elevated CRP (>3mg/L) at age 70 (OR 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.24, P = 0.02), and elevated IL-6 (>1.6pg/ml) at age 73 (OR 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.23, P = 0.04), but not with fibrinogen. CONCLUSION These results are consistent with the ability of the DII to predict inflammatory biomarker concentrations and suggest that diet plays a role in the regulation of inflammation, even after controlling for potential confounders. This validation study provides support for using the DII in research among older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Corley
- Dr Janie Corley, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland, UK. Phone: +44-131-650-1683.
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295
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Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. The Potential Role of Dietary Platelet-Activating Factor Inhibitors in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:148-164. [PMID: 30721934 PMCID: PMC6370273 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. The role of unresolved inflammation in cancer progression and metastasis is well established. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a key proinflammatory mediator in the initiation and progression of cancer. Evidence suggests that PAF is integral to suppression of the immune system and promotion of metastasis and tumor growth by altering local angiogenic and cytokine networks. Interactions between PAF and its receptor may have a role in various digestive, skin, and hormone-dependent cancers. Diet plays a critical role in the prevention of cancer and its treatment. Research indicates that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the incidence of several cancers in which dietary PAF inhibitors have a role. Dietary PAF inhibitors such as polar lipids have demonstrated inhibitory effects against the physiological actions of PAF in cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions in vitro and in vivo. In addition, experimental models of radiotherapy and chemotherapy demonstrate that inhibition of PAF as adjuvant therapy may lead to more favorable outcomes. Although promising, there is limited evidence on the potential benefits of dietary PAF inhibitors on cancer prevention or treatment. Therefore, further extensive research is required to assess the effects of various dietary factors and PAF inhibitors and to elucidate the mechanisms in prevention of cancer progression and metastasis at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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296
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Resciniti NV, Lohman MC, Wirth MD, Shivappa N, Hebert JR. Dietary Inflammatory Index, Pre-Frailty and Frailty among Older US Adults: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2014. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:323-329. [PMID: 30932130 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammation, pre-frailty and frailty among older US adults. Additionally, effect modification of gender on the association between dietary inflammation and frailty was assessed. DESIGN Study data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014) - a nationally representative, cross-sectional study of adults. PARTICIPANTS The analytic sample included adults ≥60 years (n=7,182). MEASUREMENTS Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores were calculated from 24-hour dietary recalls; DII was categorized into quintiles from Quintile 1 (Q1) (least inflammatory) to Q5 (most inflammatory). Frailty was assessed by four criteria: exhaustion, weakness, low body mass, and low physical activity. Individuals were then categorized into robust (0 criteria), pre-frail (1-2 criteria), or frail (3-4 criteria). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the odds of frailty categories (pre-frail vs. robust; frail vs. robust). RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in DII quintile 5 (vs Q1) were more likely to be pre-frail (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.36-2.15) and frail (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.02-2.85). Individuals in Q4 had greater odds of frailty only (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.93). No evidence of effect modification by gender on the association of DII and frailty was found. CONCLUSION This study expands upon previous evidence of a relationship between dietary inflammation and frailty. When designing nutrition-based frailty interventions, inflammatory properties of diets should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Resciniti
- Nicholas V. Resciniti, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health,
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297
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Clark TM, Jones JM, Hall AG, Tabner SA, Kmiec RL. Theoretical Explanation for Reduced Body Mass Index and Obesity Rates in Cannabis Users. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2018; 3:259-271. [PMID: 30671538 PMCID: PMC6340377 DOI: 10.1089/can.2018.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is treatment-resistant, and is linked with a number of serious, chronic diseases. Adult obesity rates in the United States have tripled since the early 1960s. Recent reviews show that an increased ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids contributes to obesity rates by increasing levels of the endocannabinoid signals AEA and 2-AG, overstimulating CB1R and leading to increased caloric intake, reduced metabolic rates, and weight gain. Cannabis, or THC, also stimulates CB1R and increases caloric intake during acute exposures. Goals: To establish the relationship between Cannabis use and body mass index, and to provide a theoretical explanation for this relationship. Results: The present meta-analysis reveals significantly reduced body mass index and rates of obesity in Cannabis users, in conjunction with increased caloric intake. Theoretical explanation: We provide for the first time a causative explanation for this paradox, in which rapid and long-lasting downregulation of CB1R following acute Cannabis consumption reduces energy storage and increases metabolic rates, thus reversing the impact on body mass index of elevated dietary omega-6/omega-3 ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Clark
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Jessica M Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Alexis G Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Sara A Tabner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Rebecca L Kmiec
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana
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298
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Low Phytanic Acid-Concentrated DHA Prevents Cognitive Deficit and Regulates Alzheimer Disease Mediators in an ApoE -/- Mice Experimental Model. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010011. [PMID: 30577526 PMCID: PMC6356727 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia and cognitive impairment. It has been associated with a significant diminution of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the brain. Clinical trials with DHA as a treatment in neurological diseases have shown inconsistent results. Previously, we reported that the presence of phytanic acid (PhA) in standard DHA compositions could be blunting DHA’s beneficial effects. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the effects of a low PhA-concentrated DHA and a standard PhA-concentrated DHA in Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. Behavioral tests and protein expression of pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant, antioxidant factors, and AD-related mediators were evaluated. Low PhA-concentrated DHA decreased Aβ, ß-amyloid precursor protein (APP), p-tau, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII), caspase 3, and catalase, and increased brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) when compared to standard PhA-concentrated DHA. Low PhA-concentrated DHA decreased interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) protein expression in ApoE−/− mice when compared to standard PhA-concentrated DHA. No significant differences were found in p22phox, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), and tau protein expression. The positive actions of a low PhA-concentrated DHA were functionally reflected by improving the cognitive deficit in the AD experimental model. Therefore, reduction of PhA content in DHA compositions could highlight a novel pathway for the neurodegeneration processes related to AD.
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299
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Kim HS, Sohn C, Kwon M, Na W, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Kim MK. Positive Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and the Risk of Osteoporosis: Results from the KoGES_Health Examinee (HEXA) Cohort Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121999. [PMID: 30563032 PMCID: PMC6316268 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found that diet’s inflammatory potential is related to various diseases. However, little is known about its relationship with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and osteoporosis risk in a large-scale prospective cohort study in Korea. This prospective cohort study included 159,846 participants (men 57,740; women 102,106) from South Korea with a mean follow-up of 7.9 years. The DII was calculated through a validated semi-quantitative FFQ (SQFFQ), and information on osteoporosis was self-reported by the participants. Analyses were performed by using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. Higher DII scores were associated with higher osteoporosis risk (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.12–1.58). In women, a higher DII score indicated a higher risk of osteoporosis (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.11–1.59). However, a hazards ratio of similar magnitude in men was not significant (HR 1.32; 95% CI 0.64–2.71). Post-menopausal women had higher risks of osteoporosis for higher DII scores (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.09–1.63), whereas among pre-menopausal women, the relationship was not statistically significant (HR 1.39; 95% CI 0.87–2.21). Also, there was an increase in osteoporosis risk when the DII increased among women participants with irregular physical activity (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.17–2.01); however, there was no statistically significant increase in osteoporosis risk among women participants with regular physical activity (HR 1.19; 95% CI 0.93–1.52). A more pro-inflammatory diet was significantly associated with higher osteoporosis risk in women. Given the similar magnitude of the hazards ratio, studies with sufficient numbers of men are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kim
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 10408 Goyang, Gyeonggi do, Korea.
| | - Cheongmin Sohn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 54538 Iksan, Korea.
| | - Minji Kwon
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 10408 Goyang, Gyeonggi do, Korea.
| | - Woori Na
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 54538 Iksan, Korea.
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 10408 Goyang, Gyeonggi do, Korea.
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300
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Ratjen I, Shivappa N, Schafmayer C, Burmeister G, Nöthlings U, Hampe J, Hébert JR, Lieb W, Schlesinger S. Association between the dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in colorectal cancer long-term survivors. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1292-1301. [PMID: 30303515 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory dietary factors have been shown to be associated with the incidence of a range of cancers. However, there are many fewer studies on the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and survival after cancer diagnosis. We examined the association between post-diagnosis dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores and all-cause mortality in long-term survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC). DII scores were calculated from dietary data of 1,404 CRC survivors collected at a median of 6 years after CRC diagnosis. Using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the association of DII scores, modeled continuous and in quartiles, with all-cause mortality. After a median follow-up time of 7 years (after dietary assessment), 204 study participants had died. Overall, in the fully adjusted model there was a suggestion of a positive association between DII score and all-cause mortality (HRDIIquartile4vs1 : 1.36; 95% CI: 0.88-2.09 and HRDIIcontinuous : 1.08; 95% CI: 0.97-1.20). However, in subgroup analyses, we found significant differences in individuals with metastatic disease (HRDIIcontinuous : 1.34; 95% CI: 1.07-1.67) and the absence of stoma (HRDIIcontinuous : 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02-1.29). Overall, the post-diagnosis DII was not statistically significantly associated with all-cause mortality in CRC long-term survivors; however, there was suggestive evidence of an association in select subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Ratjen
- Institute of Epidemiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Greta Burmeister
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
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