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Boczki P, Colombo M, Weiner J, Rapöhn I, Lacher M, Kiess W, Hanschkow M, Körner A, Landgraf K. Inhibition of AHCY impedes proliferation and differentiation of mouse and human adipocyte progenitor cells. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2290218. [PMID: 38064408 PMCID: PMC10732623 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2290218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
S-adenosyl-homocysteine-hydrolase (AHCY) plays an important role in the methionine cycle regulating cellular methylation levels. AHCY has been reported to influence proliferation and differentiation processes in different cell types, e.g. in cancer cells and mouse embryonic stem cells. In the development of adipose tissue, both the proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) are important processes, which in the context of obesity are often dysregulated. To assess whether AHCY might also be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation of APCs, we investigated the effect of reduced AHCY activity on human and mouse APCs in vitro. We show that the inhibition of AHCY using adenosine dialdehyde (AdOx) and the knockdown of AHCY using gene-specific siRNAs reduced APC proliferation and number. Inhibition of AHCY further reduced APC differentiation into mature adipocytes and the expression of adipogenic differentiation markers. Global DNA methylation profiling in human APCs revealed that inhibition of AHCY is associated with alterations in CpG methylation levels of genes involved in fat cell differentiation and pathways related to cellular growth. Our findings suggest that AHCY is necessary for the maintenance of APC proliferation and differentiation and inhibition of AHCY alters DNA methylation processes leading to a dysregulation of the expression of genes involved in the regulation of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Boczki
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Colombo
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inka Rapöhn
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Peng X, Yang Y, Hou R, Zhang L, Shen C, Yang X, Luo Z, Yin Z, Cao Y. MTCH2 in Metabolic Diseases, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cancers, Embryonic Development and Reproduction. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2203-2213. [PMID: 38882047 PMCID: PMC11180440 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s460448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a member of the solute carrier 25 family, located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. MTCH2 was first identified in 2000. The development in MTCH2 research is rapidly increasing. The most well-known role of MTCH2 is linking to the pro-apoptosis BID to facilitate mitochondrial apoptosis. Genetic variants in MTCH2 have been investigated for their association with metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, however, no intervention or therapeutic suggestions were provided. Recent studies revealed the physiological and pathological function of MTCH2 in metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, embryonic development and reproduction via regulating mitochondrial apoptosis, metabolic shift between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial fusion/fission, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, etc. This review endeavors to assess a total of 131 published articles to summarise the structure and physiological/pathological role of MTCH2, which has not previously been conducted. This review concludes that MTCH2 plays a crucial role in metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, embryonic development and reproduction, and the predominant molecular mechanism is regulation of mitochondrial function. This review gives a comprehensive state of current knowledgement on MTCH2, which will promote the therapeutic research of MTCH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Key National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Key National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruirui Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longbiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Can Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongzhi Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Key National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Key National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Zheng X, Chu B. The biology of mitochondrial carrier homolog 2. Mitochondrion 2024; 75:101837. [PMID: 38158152 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier system is in charge of small molecule transport between the mitochondria and the cytoplasm as well as being an integral portion of the core mitochondrial function. One member of the mitochondrial carrier family of proteins, mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2), is characterized as a critical mitochondrial outer membrane protein insertase participating in mitochondrial homeostasis. Accumulating evidence demonstrate that MTCH2 is integrally linked to cell death and mitochondrial metabolism, and its genetic alterations cause a variety of disease phenotypes, ranging from obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and tumor. To provide a comprehensive insight into the current understanding of MTCH2, we present a detailed description of the physiopathological functions of MTCH2, ranging from apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, and metabolic homeostasis regulation. Moreover, we summarized the impact of MTCH2 in human diseases, and highlighted tumors, to assess the role of MTCH2 mutations or variable expression on pathogenesis and target therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China
| | - Binxiang Chu
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, China.
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4
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Goldman A, Mullokandov M, Zaltsman Y, Regev L, Levin-Zaidman S, Gross A. MTCH2 cooperates with MFN2 and lysophosphatidic acid synthesis to sustain mitochondrial fusion. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:45-67. [PMID: 38177900 PMCID: PMC10897490 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusion of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is regulated by mitofusin 1 (MFN1) and 2 (MFN2), yet the differential contribution of each of these proteins is less understood. Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) also plays a role in mitochondrial fusion, but its exact function remains unresolved. MTCH2 overexpression enforces MFN2-independent mitochondrial fusion, proposedly by modulating the phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which is synthesized by glycerol-phosphate acyl transferases (GPATs) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the OMM. Here we report that MTCH2 requires MFN1 to enforce mitochondrial fusion and that fragmentation caused by loss of MTCH2 can be specifically counterbalanced by overexpression of MFN2 but not MFN1, partially independent of its GTPase activity and mitochondrial localization. Pharmacological inhibition of GPATs (GPATi) or silencing ER-resident GPATs suppresses MFN2's ability to compensate for the loss of MTCH2. Loss of either MTCH2, MFN2, or GPATi does not impair stress-induced mitochondrial fusion, whereas the combined loss of MTCH2 and GPATi or the combined loss of MTCH2 and MFN2 does. Taken together, we unmask two cooperative mechanisms that sustain mitochondrial fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Goldman
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Michael Mullokandov
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yehudit Zaltsman
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Limor Regev
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Smadar Levin-Zaidman
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Atan Gross
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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5
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Nigro P, Vamvini M, Yang J, Caputo T, Ho LL, Carbone NP, Papadopoulos D, Conlin R, He J, Hirshman MF, White JD, Robidoux J, Hickner RC, Nielsen S, Pedersen BK, Kellis M, Middelbeek RJW, Goodyear LJ. Exercise training remodels inguinal white adipose tissue through adaptations in innervation, vascularization, and the extracellular matrix. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112392. [PMID: 37058410 PMCID: PMC10374102 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is essential for the beneficial effects of exercise training on metabolic health. The underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood, and here, we test the hypothesis that exercise training results in a more favorable iWAT structural phenotype. Using biochemical, imaging, and multi-omics analyses, we find that 11 days of wheel running in male mice causes profound iWAT remodeling including decreased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and increased vascularization and innervation. We identify adipose stem cells as one of the main contributors to training-induced ECM remodeling, show that the PRDM16 transcriptional complex is necessary for iWAT remodeling and beiging, and discover neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) as a link between PRDM16 and neuritogenesis. Moreover, we find that training causes a shift from hypertrophic to insulin-sensitive adipocyte subpopulations. Exercise training leads to remarkable adaptations to iWAT structure and cell-type composition that can confer beneficial changes in tissue metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Nigro
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Vamvini
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiekun Yang
- Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tiziana Caputo
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Li-Lun Ho
- Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas P Carbone
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danae Papadopoulos
- Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Royce Conlin
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jie He
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph D White
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Jacques Robidoux
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Robert C Hickner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Søren Nielsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roeland J W Middelbeek
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Vourdoumpa A, Paltoglou G, Charmandari E. The Genetic Basis of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:1416. [PMID: 36986146 PMCID: PMC10058966 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence represents one of the most challenging public health problems of our century owing to its epidemic proportions and the associated significant morbidity, mortality, and increase in public health costs. The pathogenesis of polygenic obesity is multifactorial and is due to the interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. More than 1100 independent genetic loci associated with obesity traits have been currently identified, and there is great interest in the decoding of their biological functions and the gene-environment interaction. The present study aimed to systematically review the scientific evidence and to explore the relation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variants (CNVs) with changes in body mass index (BMI) and other measures of body composition in children and adolescents with obesity, as well as their response to lifestyle interventions. Twenty-seven studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, which consisted of 7928 overweight/obese children and adolescents at different stages of pubertal development who underwent multidisciplinary management. The effect of polymorphisms in 92 different genes was assessed and revealed SNPs in 24 genetic loci significantly associated with BMI and/or body composition change, which contribute to the complex metabolic imbalance of obesity, including the regulation of appetite and energy balance, the homeostasis of glucose, lipid, and adipose tissue, as well as their interactions. The decoding of the genetic and molecular/cellular pathophysiology of obesity and the gene-environment interactions, alongside with the individual genotype, will enable us to design targeted and personalized preventive and management interventions for obesity early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Vourdoumpa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Paltoglou
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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7
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COBL, MKX and MYOC Are Potential Regulators of Brown Adipose Tissue Development Associated with Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043085. [PMID: 36834493 PMCID: PMC9964948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is already accompanied by adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction and metabolic disease in children and increases the risk of premature death. Due to its energy-dissipating function, brown AT (BAT) has been discussed as being protective against obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. To analyze the molecular processes associated with BAT development, we investigated genome-wide expression profiles in brown and white subcutaneous and perirenal AT samples of children. We identified 39 upregulated and 26 downregulated genes in uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-positive compared to UCP1-negative AT samples. We prioritized for genes that had not been characterized regarding a role in BAT biology before and selected cordon-bleu WH2 repeat protein (COBL), mohawk homeobox (MKX) and myocilin (MYOC) for further functional characterization. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of Cobl and Mkx during brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro resulted in decreased Ucp1 expression, while the inhibition of Myoc led to increased Ucp1 expression. Furthermore, COBL, MKX and MYOC expression in the subcutaneous AT of children is related to obesity and parameters of AT dysfunction and metabolic disease, such as adipocyte size, leptin levels and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we identify COBL, MKX and MYOC as potential regulators of BAT development and show an association of these genes with early metabolic dysfunction in children.
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8
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Hu Z, Liu Y, Yao Z, Chen L, Wang G, Liu X, Tian Y, Cao G. Stages of preadipocyte differentiation: biomarkers and pathways for extracellular structural remodeling. Hereditas 2022; 159:47. [PMID: 36572937 PMCID: PMC9793557 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study utilized bioinformatics to analyze the underlying biological mechanisms involved in adipogenic differentiation, synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and angiogenesis during preadipocyte differentiation in human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome at different time points and identify targets that can potentially improve fat graft survival. RESULTS We analyzed two expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at six different time points after the initiation of preadipocyte differentiation. Related pathways were identified using Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). We further constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and its central genes. The results showed that upregulated DEGs were involved in cell differentiation, lipid metabolism, and other cellular activities, while downregulated DEGs were associated with angiogenesis and development, ECM tissue synthesis, and intercellular and intertissue adhesion. GSEA provided a more comprehensive basis, including participation in and positive regulation of key pathways of cell metabolic differentiation, such as the "peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway" and the "adenylate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway," a key pathway that negatively regulates pro-angiogenic development, ECM synthesis, and adhesion. CONCLUSIONS We identified the top 20 hub genes in the PPI network, including genes involved in cell differentiation, ECM synthesis, and angiogenesis development, providing potential targets to improve the long-term survival rate of fat grafts. Additionally, we identified drugs that may interact with these targets to potentially improve fat graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Hu
- grid.412194.b0000 0004 1761 9803Department of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000 China
| | - Yi Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Zongjiang Yao
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Liming Chen
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Gang Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Yafei Tian
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Guangtong Cao
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Burn Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030 China
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9
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Kempf E, Landgraf K, Vogel T, Spielau U, Stein R, Raschpichler M, Kratzsch J, Kiess W, Stanik J, Körner A. Associations of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 expression in adipose tissue cells with obesity-related alterations in corresponding circulating levels and adipose tissue function in children. Adipocyte 2022; 11:630-642. [PMID: 36384443 PMCID: PMC9683049 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2148886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the growth hormone (GH) axis, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-1 binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), GH receptor (GHR) and GH-binding protein (GHBP), regulate growth and metabolic pathways. Here, we asked if serum levels of these factors are altered with overweight/obesity and if this is related to adipose tissue (AT) expression and/or increased fat mass. Furthermore, we hypothesized that expression of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 is associated with AT function. Serum GHBP levels were increased in children with overweight/obesity throughout childhood, while for IGF-1 levels and the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio obesity-related elevations were detectable until early puberty. Circulating levels did not correlate with AT expression of these factors, which was decreased with overweight/obesity. Independent from obesity, expression of GHR, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 was related to AT dysfunction,and increased insulin levels. Serum GHBP was associated with liver fat percentage and transaminase levels. We conclude that obesity-related elevations in serum GHBP and IGF-1 are unlikely to be caused by increased AT mass and elevations in GHBP are more closely related to liver status in children. The diminished AT expression of these factors with childhood obesity may contribute to early AT dysfunction and a deterioration of the metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kempf
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tim Vogel
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Spielau
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Stein
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Raschpichler
- Medical Faculty, Department of Paediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, LIFE–Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juraj Stanik
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Comenius University, Medical Faculty and National Institute of Children’s Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Limbova 1, 83340 Bratislava, Slovakia, and Slovak Academy of Sciences, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, DIABGENE Laboratory, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antje Körner
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany,Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, LIFE–Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany,CONTACT Antje Körner Center for Pediatric Research, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 19, Leipzig04103, Germany
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10
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Kempf E, Landgraf K, Stein R, Hanschkow M, Hilbert A, Abou Jamra R, Boczki P, Herberth G, Kühnapfel A, Tseng YH, Stäubert C, Schöneberg T, Kühnen P, Rayner NW, Zeggini E, Kiess W, Blüher M, Körner A. Aberrant expression of agouti signaling protein (ASIP) as a cause of monogenic severe childhood obesity. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1697-1712. [PMID: 36536132 PMCID: PMC9771800 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a heterozygous tandem duplication at the ASIP (agouti signaling protein) gene locus causing ubiquitous, ectopic ASIP expression in a female patient with extreme childhood obesity. The mutation places ASIP under control of the ubiquitously active itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase promoter, driving the generation of ASIP in patient-derived native and induced pluripotent stem cells for all germ layers and hypothalamic-like neurons. The patient's phenotype of early-onset obesity, overgrowth, red hair and hyperinsulinemia is concordant with that of mutant mice ubiquitously expressing the homolog nonagouti. ASIP represses melanocyte-stimulating hormone-mediated activation as a melanocortin receptor antagonist, which might affect eating behavior, energy expenditure, adipocyte differentiation and pigmentation, as observed in the index patient. As the type of mutation escapes standard genetic screening algorithms, we rescreened the Leipzig Childhood Obesity cohort of 1,745 patients and identified four additional patients with the identical mutation, ectopic ASIP expression and a similar phenotype. Taken together, our data indicate that ubiquitous ectopic ASIP expression is likely a monogenic cause of human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kempf
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Stein
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Hilbert
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- University Medical Center Leipzig, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paula Boczki
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Kühnapfel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Stäubert
- Division of Molecular Biochemistry, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Division of Molecular Biochemistry, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - N William Rayner
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Translational Genomics, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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11
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Rajcsanyi LS, Diebels I, Pastoors L, Kanber D, Peters T, Volckmar AL, Zheng Y, Grosse M, Dieterich C, Hebebrand J, Kaiser FJ, Horsthemke B, Hinney A. Evidence for correlations between BMI-associated SNPs and circRNAs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12643. [PMID: 35879369 PMCID: PMC9314347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are regulators of processes like adipogenesis. Their expression can be modulated by SNPs. We analysed links between BMI-associated SNPs and circRNAs. First, we detected an enrichment of BMI-associated SNPs on circRNA genomic loci in comparison to non-significant variants. Analysis of sex-stratified GWAS data revealed that circRNA genomic loci encompassed more genome-wide significant BMI-SNPs in females than in males. To explore whether the enrichment is restricted to BMI, we investigated nine additional GWAS studies. We showed an enrichment of trait-associated SNPs in circRNAs for four analysed phenotypes (body height, chronic kidney disease, anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder). To analyse the influence of BMI-affecting SNPs on circRNA levels in vitro, we examined rs4752856 located on hsa_circ_0022025. The analysis of heterozygous individuals revealed an increased level of circRNA derived from the BMI-increasing SNP allele. We conclude that genetic variation may affect the BMI partly through circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Sophie Rajcsanyi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Inga Diebels
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lydia Pastoors
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Deniz Kanber
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Volckmar
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yiran Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Grosse
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
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12
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Is Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor a Metabolic Hormone in Peripheral Tissues? BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071063. [PMID: 36101441 PMCID: PMC9312804 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDF) in the central nervous system has been well-studied, but its physiological role in other organs has not been clearly defined. This review summarizes the current findings on the functionality of BDNF in various peripheral tissues and discusses several unresolved questions in the field. Abstract Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important growth factor in the central nervous system. In addition to its well-known activities in promoting neuronal survival, neuron differentiation, and synaptic plasticity, neuronal BDNF also regulates energy homeostasis by modulating the hypothalamus’s hormonal signals. In the past decades, several peripheral tissues, including liver, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue, were demonstrated as the active sources of BDNF synthesis in response to different metabolic challenges. Nevertheless, the functions of BDNF in these tissues remain obscure. With the use of tissue-specific Bdnf knockout animals and the availability of non-peptidyl BDNF mimetic, increasing evidence has reported that peripheral tissues-derived BDNF might play a significant role in maintaining systemic metabolism, possibly through the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in the various tissues. This article reviews the autocrine/paracrine/endocrine functions of BDNF in non-neuronal tissues and discusses the unresolved questions about BDNF’s function.
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13
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Latorre J, Aroca A, Fernández-Real JM, Romero LC, Moreno-Navarrete JM. The Combined Partial Knockdown of CBS and MPST Genes Induces Inflammation, Impairs Adipocyte Function-Related Gene Expression and Disrupts Protein Persulfidation in Human Adipocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061095. [PMID: 35739994 PMCID: PMC9220337 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in mice and humans demonstrated the relevance of H2S synthesising enzymes, such as CTH, CBS, and MPST, in the physiology of adipose tissue and the differentiation of preadipocyte into adipocytes. Here, our objective was to investigate the combined role of CTH, CBS, and MPST in the preservation of adipocyte protein persulfidation and adipogenesis. Combined partial CTH, CBS, and MPST gene knockdown was achieved treating fully human adipocytes with siRNAs against these transcripts (siRNA_MIX). Adipocyte protein persulfidation was analyzed using label-free quantitative mass spectrometry coupled with a dimedone-switch method for protein labeling and purification. Proteomic analysis quantified 216 proteins with statistically different levels of persulfidation in KD cells compared to control adipocytes. In fully differentiated adipocytes, CBS and MPST mRNA and protein levels were abundant, while CTH expression was very low. It is noteworthy that siRNA_MIX administration resulted in a significant decrease in CBS and MPST expression, without impacting on CTH. The combined partial knockdown of the CBS and MPST genes resulted in reduced cellular sulfide levels in parallel to decreased expression of relevant genes for adipocyte biology, including adipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipogenesis, but increased proinflammatory- and senescence-related genes. It should be noted that the combined partial knockdown of CBS and MPST genes also led to a significant disruption in the persulfidation pattern of the adipocyte proteins. Although among the less persulfidated proteins, we identified several relevant proteins for adipocyte adipogenesis and function, among the most persulfidated, key mediators of adipocyte inflammation and dysfunction as well as some proteins that might play a positive role in adipogenesis were found. In conclusion, the current study indicates that the combined partial elimination of CBS and MPST (but not CTH) in adipocytes affects the expression of genes related to the maintenance of adipocyte function and promotes inflammation, possibly by altering the pattern of protein persulfidation in these cells, suggesting that these enzymes were required for the functional maintenance of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain; (J.L.); (J.M.F.-R.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Aroca
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain; (A.A.); (L.C.R.)
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain; (J.L.); (J.M.F.-R.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Luis C. Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain; (A.A.); (L.C.R.)
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain; (J.L.); (J.M.F.-R.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-872-987087 (ext. 70)
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14
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Transcriptome Analyses of Adipose Tissue Samples Identify EGFL6 as a Candidate Gene Involved in Obesity-Related Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084349. [PMID: 35457174 PMCID: PMC9033114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity develops early in childhood and is accompanied by early signs of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction and metabolic disease in children. In order to analyse the molecular processes during obesity-related AT accumulation in children, we investigated genome-wide expression profiles in AT samples, isolated adipocytes, and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and assessed their relation to obesity as well as biological and functional AT parameters. We detected alterations in gene expression associated with obesity and related parameters, i.e., BMI SDS, adipocyte size, macrophage infiltration, adiponectin, and/or leptin. While differential gene expression in AT and adipocytes shared an enrichment in metabolic pathways and pathways related to extracellular structural organisation, SVF cells showed an overrepresentation in inflammatory pathways. In adipocytes, we found the strongest positive association for epidermal growth factor-like protein 6 (EGFL6) with adipocyte hypertrophy. EGFL6 was also upregulated during in vitro adipocyte differentiation. In children, EGFL6 expression was positively correlated to parameters of AT dysfunction and metabolic disease such as macrophage infiltration into AT, hs-CRP, leptin levels, and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we provide evidence for early alterations in AT gene expression related to AT dysfunction in children and identified EGFL6 as potentially being involved in processes underlying the pathogenesis of metabolic disease.
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15
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Di Rosa MC, Zimbone S, Saab MW, Tomasello MF. The Pleiotropic Potential of BDNF beyond Neurons: Implication for a Healthy Mind in a Healthy Body. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111256. [PMID: 34833132 PMCID: PMC8625665 DOI: 10.3390/life11111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) represents one of the most widely studied neurotrophins because of the many mechanisms in which it is involved. Among these, a growing body of evidence indicates BDNF as a pleiotropic signaling molecule and unveils non-negligible implications in the regulation of energy balance. BDNF and its receptor are extensively expressed in the hypothalamus, regions where peripheral signals, associated with feeding control and metabolism activation, and are integrated to elaborate anorexigenic and orexigenic effects. Thus, BDNF coordinates adaptive responses to fluctuations in energy intake and expenditure, connecting the central nervous system with peripheral tissues, including muscle, liver, and the adipose tissue in a complex operational network. This review discusses the latest literature dealing with the involvement of BDNF in the maintenance of energy balance. We have focused on the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which BDNF: (I) controls the mitochondrial function and dynamics; (II) influences thermogenesis and tissue differentiation; (III) mediates the effects of exercise on cognitive functions; and (IV) modulates insulin sensitivity and glucose transport at the cellular level. Deepening the understanding of the mechanisms exploited to maintain energy homeostasis will lay the groundwork for the development of novel therapeutical approaches to help people to maintain a healthy mind in a healthy body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmela Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.D.R.); (M.W.S.)
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Stefania Zimbone
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Miriam Wissam Saab
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.D.R.); (M.W.S.)
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16
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Kaare M, Mikheim K, Lilleväli K, Kilk K, Jagomäe T, Leidmaa E, Piirsalu M, Porosk R, Singh K, Reimets R, Taalberg E, Schäfer MKE, Plaas M, Vasar E, Philips MA. High-Fat Diet Induces Pre-Diabetes and Distinct Sex-Specific Metabolic Alterations in Negr1-Deficient Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1148. [PMID: 34572334 PMCID: PMC8466019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the large GWAS studies, NEGR1 gene has been one of the most significant gene loci for body mass phenotype. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the role of NEGR1 in the maintenance of systemic metabolism, including glucose homeostasis, by using both male and female Negr1-/- mice receiving a standard or high fat diet (HFD). We found that 6 weeks of HFD leads to higher levels of blood glucose in Negr1-/- mice. In the glucose tolerance test, HFD induced phenotype difference only in male mice; Negr1-/- male mice displayed altered glucose tolerance, accompanied with upregulation of circulatory branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). The general metabolomic profile indicates that Negr1-/- mice are biased towards glyconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and higher protein catabolism, all of which are amplified by HFD. Negr1 deficiency appears to induce alterations in the efficiency of energy storage; reduced food intake could be an attempt to compensate for the metabolic challenge present in the Negr1-/- males, particularly during the HFD exposure. Our results suggest that the presence of functional Negr1 allows male mice to consume more HFD and prevents the development of glucose intolerance, liver steatosis, and excessive weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kaare
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kaie Mikheim
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kalle Kilk
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Este Leidmaa
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53129 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Maria Piirsalu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Rando Porosk
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katyayani Singh
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Riin Reimets
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Egon Taalberg
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael K. E. Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Mario Plaas
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Eero Vasar
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
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17
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Su Y, He L, Hu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Fan Z, Zhao K, Zhang H, Liu C. Obesity Causes Abrupt Changes in the Testicular Microbiota and Sperm Motility of Zebrafish. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639239. [PMID: 34248933 PMCID: PMC8268156 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a recognized risk factor for low fertility and is becoming increasingly prevalent in many countries around the world. Obesity changes intestinal microbiota composition, causes inflammation of various organs, and also reduces sperm quality. Several microorganisms are present in the testis. However, whether obesity affects the changes of testicular microbiota and whether these changes are related to reduced fertility in obese men remain to be elucidated. Methods In the present study, a zebrafish obesity model was established by feeding with egg yolk powder. Sperm motility was measured by the Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis system, testicular microbial communities was assessed via 16s RNA sequencing, the immune response in zebrafish testis was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the testicular tissue structure was detected by electron microscopy and hematoxylin–eosin staining. Results Compared with the control group, zebrafish sperm motility was dramatically reduced, the expression of testicular proinflammatory cytokines in the testes was upregulated, and the blood–testis barrier structure was disrupted in the obese group. In addition, testicular microbiome composition was clearly altered in the obese group. Conclusion Obesity alters testicular microbiota composition, and the reason behind the decreased sperm motility in obese zebrafish may be related to changes in the testicular microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Liting He
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunpan Fan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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18
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Plasma Exosomal miRNA Levels after Radiotherapy Are Associated with Early Progression and Metastasis of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102110. [PMID: 34068397 PMCID: PMC8153571 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma exosomal miRNAs are key regulators of cell-cell interactions associated with several biological functions in patients with cancer. This pilot study aimed to investigate the log2 fold change (log2FC) of the expression of exosomal miRNAs and related mRNAs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer to identify prognostic markers better than those currently available. We sequenced plasma exosomal RNA from 56 blood samples collected from 28 patients with cervical cancer, who had been treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Changes in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs before and after CCRT were represented as log2FC. Their biological functions were studied by miRNA-mRNA network analysis, using ingenuity pathway analysis, after the selection of two groups of miRNAs, each associated with early progression (EP) and metastasis, also described as initial stage. Seven patients experienced EP, three of whom died within four months after progression. Reduced levels of miR-1228-5p, miR-33a-5p, miR-3200-3p, and miR-6815-5p and increased levels of miR-146a-3p in patients with EP revealed unresolved inflammation, with accompanying increased expression of PCK1 and decreased expression of FCGR1A. Increased levels of miR-605-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6780a-5p, and miR-6826-5p and decreased levels of miR-16-1-3p (or 15a-3p) were associated with the degree of metastasis and led to the systemic activation of myeloid, endothelial, and epithelial cells, as well as neurons, phagocytes, and platelets. Log2FCs in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs from plasma exosomes after CCRT are associated with EP and metastasis, reflecting unresolved inflammation and systemic microenvironmental factors, respectively. However, this study, supported by preliminary data insufficient to reach clear conclusions, should be verified in larger prospective cohorts.
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19
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Liu Y, Tingart M, Lecouturier S, Li J, Eschweiler J. Identification of co-expression network correlated with different periods of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:254. [PMID: 33836657 PMCID: PMC8035768 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is a complex and dynamic process. The gene expression pattern and mechanism of different periods of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation remain unclear. Additionally, the interaction between these two lineage determination requires further exploration. Results Five modules that were most significantly associated with osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs were selected for further investigation. Biological terms (e.g. ribosome biogenesis, TNF-α signalling pathway, glucose import and fatty acid metabolism) along with hub transcription factors (e.g. PPARG and YY1) and hub miRNAs (e.g. hsa-mir-26b-5p) were enriched in different modules. The expression pattern of 6 hub genes, ADIPOQ, FABP4, SLC7A5, SELPLG, BIRC3, and KLHL30 was validated by RT-qPCR. Finally, cell staining experiments extended the findings of bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion This study identified the key genes, biological functions, and regulators of each time point of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and provided novel evidence and ideas for further research on the differentiation of BMSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07584-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Markus Tingart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sophie Lecouturier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jörg Eschweiler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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20
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Blaszkiewicz M, Wood E, Koizar S, Willows J, Anderson R, Tseng YH, Godwin J, Townsend KL. The involvement of neuroimmune cells in adipose innervation. Mol Med 2020; 26:126. [PMID: 33297933 PMCID: PMC7727151 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innervation of adipose tissue is essential for the proper function of this critical metabolic organ. Numerous surgical and chemical denervation studies have demonstrated how maintenance of brain-adipose communication through both sympathetic efferent and sensory afferent nerves helps regulate adipocyte size, cell number, lipolysis, and 'browning' of white adipose tissue. Neurotrophic factors are growth factors that promote neuron survival, regeneration, and plasticity, including neurite outgrowth and synapse formation. Peripheral immune cells have been shown to be a source of neurotrophic factors in humans and mice. Although a number of immune cells reside in the adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF), it has remained unclear what roles they play in adipose innervation. We previously demonstrated that adipose SVF secretes brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). METHODS We now show that deletion of this neurotrophic factor from the myeloid lineage of immune cells led to a 'genetic denervation' of inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT), thereby causing decreased energy expenditure, increased adipose mass, and a blunted UCP1 response to cold stimulation. RESULTS We and others have previously shown that noradrenergic stimulation via cold exposure increases adipose innervation in the inguinal depot. Here we have identified a subset of myeloid cells that home to scWAT upon cold exposure and are Ly6C+ CCR2+ Cx3CR1+ monocytes/macrophages that express noradrenergic receptors and BDNF. This subset of myeloid lineage cells also clearly interacted with peripheral nerves in the scWAT and were therefore considered neuroimmune cells. CONCLUSIONS We propose that these myeloid lineage, cold induced neuroimmune cells (CINCs) are key players in maintaining adipose innervation as well as promoting adipose nerve remodeling under noradrenergic stimulation, such as cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Blaszkiewicz
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wood
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Sigi Koizar
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Jake Willows
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Ryan Anderson
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Godwin
- Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Kristy L Townsend
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
- The Ohio State University, 1014 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of various diseases and mortality. Although nearly 50 % of adults have been reported trying to lose weight, the prevalence of obesity has increased. One factor that hinders weight loss-induced decrease in obesity prevalence is weight regain. Although behavioural, psychological and physiological factors associated with weight regain have been reviewed, the information regarding the relationship between weight regain and genetics has not been previously summarised. In this paper, we comprehensively review the association between genetic polymorphisms and weight regain in adults and children with obesity after weight loss. Based on this information, identification of genetic polymorphism in patients who undergo weight loss intervention might be used to estimate their risks of weight regain. Additionally, the genetic-based risk estimation may be used as a guide for physicians and dietitians to provide each of their patients with the most appropriate strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance.
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22
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Landgraf K, Klöting N, Gericke M, Maixner N, Guiu-Jurado E, Scholz M, Witte AV, Beyer F, Schwartze JT, Lacher M, Villringer A, Kovacs P, Rudich A, Blüher M, Kiess W, Körner A. The Obesity-Susceptibility Gene TMEM18 Promotes Adipogenesis through Activation of PPARG. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108295. [PMID: 33086065 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
TMEM18 is the strongest candidate for childhood obesity identified from GWASs, yet as for most GWAS-derived obesity-susceptibility genes, the functional mechanism remains elusive. We here investigate the relevance of TMEM18 for adipose tissue development and obesity. We demonstrate that adipocyte TMEM18 expression is downregulated in children with obesity. Functionally, downregulation of TMEM18 impairs adipocyte formation in zebrafish and in human preadipocytes, indicating that TMEM18 is important for adipocyte differentiation in vivo and in vitro. On the molecular level, TMEM18 activates PPARG, particularly upregulating PPARG1 promoter activity, and this activation is repressed by inflammatory stimuli. The relationship between TMEM18 and PPARG1 is also evident in adipocytes of children and is clinically associated with obesity and adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Our findings indicate a role of TMEM18 as an upstream regulator of PPARG signaling driving healthy adipogenesis, which is dysregulated with adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Martin Gericke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Nitzan Maixner
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Esther Guiu-Jurado
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany; LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - A Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Frauke Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Julian T Schwartze
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Assaf Rudich
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
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23
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Flores-Dorantes MT, Díaz-López YE, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R. Environment and Gene Association With Obesity and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:863. [PMID: 32982666 PMCID: PMC7483585 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which environmental conditions and several genes play an important role in the development of this disease. Obesity is associated with neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases) and with neurodevelopmental diseases (autism disorder, schizophrenia, and fragile X syndrome). Some of the environmental conditions that lead to obesity are physical activity, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status, parent feeding behavior, and diet. Interestingly, some of these environmental conditions are shared with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Obesity impairs neurodevelopment abilities as memory and fine-motor skills. Moreover, maternal obesity affects the cognitive function and mental health of the offspring. The common biological mechanisms involved in obesity and neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental diseases are insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative damage, among others, leading to impaired brain development or cell death. Obesogenic environmental conditions are not the only factors that influence neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. In fact, several genes implicated in the leptin–melanocortin pathway (LEP, LEPR, POMC, BDNF, MC4R, PCSK1, SIM1, BDNF, TrkB, etc.) are associated with obesity and neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Moreover, in the last decades, the discovery of new genes associated with obesity (FTO, NRXN3, NPC1, NEGR1, MTCH2, GNPDA2, among others) and with neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental diseases (APOE, CD38, SIRT1, TNFα, PAI-1, TREM2, SYT4, FMR1, TET3, among others) had opened new pathways to comprehend the common mechanisms involved in these diseases. In conclusion, the obesogenic environmental conditions, the genes, and the interaction gene–environment would lead to a better understanding of the etiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Flores-Dorantes
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenómica, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Yael Efren Díaz-López
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez," Mexico City, Mexico.,División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez," Mexico City, Mexico.,División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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24
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Kalkhof S, Krieg L, Büttner P, Wabitsch M, Küntzel C, Friebe D, Landgraf K, Hanschkow M, Schubert K, Kiess W, Krohn K, Blüher M, von Bergen M, Körner A. In Depth Quantitative Proteomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Human Adipocyte Differentiation Using the SGBS Cell Line. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1900405. [PMID: 32384580 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Most information on molecular processes accompanying and driving adipocyte differentiation are derived from rodent models. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of combined transcriptomic and proteomic alterations during adipocyte differentiation in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) cells. The SGBS cells are a well-established and the most widely applied cell model to study human adipocyte differentiation and cell biology. However, the molecular alterations during human adipocyte differentiation in SGBS cells have not yet been described in a combined analysis of proteome and transcriptome. Here we present a global proteomic and transcriptomic data set comprising relative quantification of a total of 14372 mRNA transcripts and 2641 intracellular and secreted proteins. 1153 proteins and 313 genes were determined as differentially expressed between preadipocytes and the fully differentiated cells including adiponectin, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid binding protein 4, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase and apolipoprotein E and many other proteins from the fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis as well as glucose and lipid metabolic pathways. Preadipocyte markers, such as latexin, GATA6 and CXCL6, were found to be significantly downregulated at the protein and transcript level. This multi-omics data set provides a deep molecular profile of adipogenesis and will support future studies to understand adipocyte function. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kalkhof
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Bioanalysis, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Coburg, Coburg, Germany
| | - Laura Krieg
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Büttner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolin Küntzel
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniela Friebe
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut Krohn
- Core Unit DNA - Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Noh K, Park JC, Han JS, Lee SJ. From Bound Cells Comes a Sound Mind: The Role of Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 in Psychiatric Disorders. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:1-10. [PMID: 32122104 PMCID: PMC7075657 DOI: 10.5607/en.2020.29.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell adhesion is important for maintenance of brain structure and function. Abnormal neuronal cell adhesion and loss of its connectivity are considered a main cause of psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Various cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are involved in neuronal cell adhesions and thereby affect brain functions such as learning and memory, cognitive functions, and psychiatric functions. Compared with other CAMs, neuronal growth regulator 1 (Negr1) has a distinct functioning mechanism in terms of its cross-talk with cytokine receptor signaling. Negr1 is a member of the immunoglobulin LON (IgLON) family of proteins and is involved in neuronal outgrowth, dendritic arborization, and synapse formation. In humans, Negr1 is a risk gene for obesity based on a genome-wide association study. More recently, accumulating evidence supports that it also plays a critical role in psychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the role of Negr1 in MDD, focusing on its regulatory mechanism. We also provide evidence of putative involvement of Negr1 in other psychiatric disorders based on the novel behavioral phenotypes of Negr1 knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Noh
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung-Cheol Park
- Department of Biological Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Han
- Department of Biological Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Age at menarche and age at natural menopause occur significantly earlier in African American women than in other ethnic groups. African American women also have twice the prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders related to the timing of these reproductive traits. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this integrative review were to (a) summarize the genome-wide association studies of reproductive traits in African American women, (b) identify genes that overlap with reproductive traits and cardiometabolic risk factors in African American women, and (c) propose biological mechanisms explaining the link between reproductive traits and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS PubMed was searched for genome-wide association studies of genes associated with reproductive traits in African American women. After extracting and summarizing the primary genes, we examined whether any of the associations with reproductive traits had also been identified with cardiometabolic risk factors in African American women. RESULTS Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Associations with both reproductive and cardiometabolic traits were reported in or near the following genes: FTO, SEC16B, TMEM18, APOE, PHACTR1, KCNQ1, LDLR, PIK3R1, and RORA. Biological pathways implicated include body weight regulation, vascular homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. DISCUSSION A better understanding of the genetic basis of reproductive traits in African American women may provide insight into the biological mechanisms linking variation in these traits with increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders in this population.
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27
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TMEM18 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by inactivating β-catenin. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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Breton E, Gagné-Ouellet V, Thibeault K, Guérin R, Van Lieshout R, Perron P, Hivert M, Bouchard L. Placental NEGR1 DNA methylation is associated with BMI and neurodevelopment in preschool-age children. Epigenetics 2019; 15:323-335. [PMID: 31510847 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1666653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have linked maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and hyperglycaemia with metabolic and neurodevelopmental complications in childhood. DNA methylation (DNAm) might enable foetal adaptations to environmental adversities through important gene loci. NEGR1 is involved in both energy balance and behaviour regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between placental DNAm at the NEGR1 gene locus and childhood anthropometric and neurodevelopmental profiles in preschoolers. We analysed 276 mother-child dyads from Gen3G, a prospective birth cohort from Sherbrooke. At 3yo (40.4 ± 3.0 months), we measured body mass index (BMI) and the mothers reported on offspring neurobehavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We quantified DNAm levels at 30 CpGs at the NEGR1 locus using the MethylationEPIC Array in placental biopsies. DNAm at four CpGs located before NEGR1 second exon predicted child's BMI z-score (cg26153364: β=-0.16 ± 0.04; p=0.008, cg23166710: β=0.14 ± 0.08; p=0.03) and SDQ total score (cg04932878: β=0.22 ± 1.0; p= 3.0x10-4, cg16525738: β=-0.14 ± 0.18; p=0.01, cg23166710: β=-0.13 ± 0.36; p= 0.04), explaining 4.2% (p=0.003) and 7.3% (p= 1.3 x 10-4) of BMI-z and SDQ variances. cg23166710 was associated with both childhood phenotypes and correlated with NEGR1 placental expression (r=-0.22, p=0.04), suggesting its possible functional role. Together, maternal metabolic characteristics during pregnancy with NEGR1 DNAm levels explained 7.4% (p=4.2 x 10-4) of BMI-z and 14.2% (p=2.8 x 10-7) of SDQ variance at 3yo. This longitudinal study suggests that placental NEGR1 DNAm is associated with adiposity and neurodevelopment in preschool children and highlights its potential role in their comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Breton
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - V Gagné-Ouellet
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - K Thibeault
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - R Guérin
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean - Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | - Rj Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Perron
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mf Hivert
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean - Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
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29
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Physical Exercise Affects Adipose Tissue Profile and Prevents Arterial Thrombosis in BDNF Val66Met Mice. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080875. [PMID: 31405230 PMCID: PMC6721716 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue accumulation is an independent and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The recent CVD European Guidelines strongly recommend regular physical exercise (PE) as a management strategy for prevention and treatment of CVD associated with metabolic disorders and obesity. Although mutations as well as common genetic variants, including the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism, are associated with increased body weight, eating and neuropsychiatric disorders, and myocardial infarction, the effect of this polymorphism on adipose tissue accumulation and regulation as well as its relation to obesity/thrombosis remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that white adipose tissue (WAT) of humanized knock-in BDNFVal66Met (BDNFMet/Met) mice is characterized by an altered morphology and an enhanced inflammatory profile compared to wild-type BDNFVal/Val. Four weeks of voluntary PE restored the adipocyte size distribution, counteracted the inflammatory profile of adipose tissue, and prevented the prothrombotic phenotype displayed, per se, by BDNFMet/Met mice. C3H10T1/2 cells treated with the Pro-BDNFMet peptide well recapitulated the gene alterations observed in BDNFMet/Met WAT mice. In conclusion, these data indicate the strong impact of lifestyle, in particular of the beneficial effect of PE, on the management of arterial thrombosis and inflammation associated with obesity in relation to the specific BDNF Val66Met mutation.
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Yi X, Wu P, Liu J, Gong Y, Xu X, Li W. Identification of the potential key genes for adipogenesis from human mesenchymal stem cells by RNA-Seq. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20217-20227. [PMID: 30989650 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Adipogenesis, a physiological process initiated with the committed preadipocytes expressing adipocyte-specific genes and terminated in mature, differentiated and functional adipocytes, mainly involved with energy homeostasis. Abnormal distribution-changes and dysfunctions in adipogenesis may lead to complex physiopathological disorders. However, it remains unclear for the key players working for the whole complex differentiating process of adipogenesis. Here, it investigated transcriptional profiling of adipogenesis from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by RNA-Seq transcriptome technique. Oil Red O staining assays were performed to assess adipogenic potential. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and lentivirus transfection assays by small interference RNA (siRNA) were conducted to confirm the function of the candidate genes. A total of 1,078 differentially expressed genes shared at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days during adipogenesis from hMSCs, and 706 genes were significantly differentially expressed. It identified 20 potential key genes responsible for adipogenesis with four genes downregulating. The candidate gene, coagulation factor II thrombin receptor (F2R), encoding coagulation factor II thrombin receptor involving with a 7-transmembrane receptor involved in the regulation of thrombotic response, also known as proteinase-activated receptor-1, contributed to adipogenesis, especially at Day 14, by Oil Red O staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot after siRNA. A unique discovery shed new light to understand the key players of the whole processes of adipogenesis from hMSCs. The gene F2R might be used as an adipogenic marker to provide a potential target for understanding the metabolic syndromes like obesity, type-2 diabetes, steatosis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Ying Gong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
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Yuan Y, Cao X, Hu J, Li J, Shen D, You L, Cui X, Wang X, Zhou Y, Gao Y, Zhu L, Xu P, Ji C, Guo X, Wen J. The role and possible mechanism of lncRNA AC092159.2 in modulating adipocyte differentiation. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 62:137-148. [PMID: 30753134 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases, while adipocyte differentiation is closely related to obesity occurrence. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a unique class of transcripts in regulation of various biological processes. Using lncRNA microarray, we found lncRNA AC092159.2 was highly expressed in differentiated HPA-v and located ~247 bp upstream of the TMEM18, which was associated with BMI and obesity. We aimed to explore the role of AC092159.2 in adipogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. The effects of AC092159.2 gain- and loss-of-function on HPA-v adipogenesis were determined with lentivirus and siRNA-mediated cell transduction, respectively. Lipid accumulation was evaluated by oil red O staining; the expression of AC092159.2, TMEM18 and several adipogenesis makers in HPA-v were analyzed by qPCR/Western blot. We found that the expression of AC092159.2 gradually increased during HPA-v differentiation, and its expression in omental adipose tissue was positively related with BMI among 48 human subjects. Overexpression of AC092159.2 promoted adipocytes differentiation while knockdown of it led to an adipogenic defect. Moreover, the expression of AC092159.2 and TMEM18 were positively correlated during adipogenic differentiation. AC092159.2 overexpression boosted TMEM18 expression while AC092159.2 knockdown restrained TMEM18 expression. Further rescue experiments showed that TMEM18 knockdown partially restrained adipogenic differentiation in AC092159.2 overexpressed HPA-v and adipogenic defect caused by AC092159.2 knockdown could be rescued by TMEM18 overexpression. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that AC092159.2 had a transcriptional activation effect on TMEM18. We concluded that lncRNA AC092159.2 promoted human adipocytes differentiation possibly by regulating TMEM18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdi Yuan
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang (Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University), Lianyungang, China
| | - Xinguo Cao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jiaojiao Hu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianghui You
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianwei Cui
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahui Zhou
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xirong Guo
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Guilherme A, Henriques F, Bedard AH, Czech MP. Molecular pathways linking adipose innervation to insulin action in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019; 15:207-225. [PMID: 30733616 PMCID: PMC7073451 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue comprises adipocytes and many other cell types that engage in dynamic crosstalk in a highly innervated and vascularized tissue matrix. Although adipose tissue has been studied for decades, it has been appreciated only in the past 5 years that extensive arborization of nerve fibres has a dominant role in regulating the function of adipose tissue. This Review summarizes the latest literature, which suggests that adipocytes signal to local sensory nerve fibres in response to perturbations in lipolysis and lipogenesis. Such adipocyte signalling to the central nervous system causes sympathetic output to distant adipose depots and potentially other metabolic tissues to regulate systemic glucose homeostasis. Paracrine factors identified in the past few years that mediate such adipocyte-neuron crosstalk are also reviewed. Similarly, immune cells and endothelial cells within adipose tissue communicate with local nerve fibres to modulate neurotransmitter tone, blood flow, adipocyte differentiation and energy expenditure, including adipose browning to produce heat. This understudied field of neurometabolism related to adipose tissue biology has great potential to reveal new mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic strategies for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Felipe Henriques
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alexander H Bedard
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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33
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Kraja AT, Liu C, Fetterman JL, Graff M, Have CT, Gu C, Yanek LR, Feitosa MF, Arking DE, Chasman DI, Young K, Ligthart S, Hill WD, Weiss S, Luan J, Giulianini F, Li-Gao R, Hartwig FP, Lin SJ, Wang L, Richardson TG, Yao J, Fernandez EP, Ghanbari M, Wojczynski MK, Lee WJ, Argos M, Armasu SM, Barve RA, Ryan KA, An P, Baranski TJ, Bielinski SJ, Bowden DW, Broeckel U, Christensen K, Chu AY, Corley J, Cox SR, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Cropp CD, Daw EW, van Heemst D, de Las Fuentes L, Gao H, Tzoulaki I, Ahluwalia TS, de Mutsert R, Emery LS, Erzurumluoglu AM, Perry JA, Fu M, Forouhi NG, Gu Z, Hai Y, Harris SE, Hemani G, Hunt SC, Irvin MR, Jonsson AE, Justice AE, Kerrison ND, Larson NB, Lin KH, Love-Gregory LD, Mathias RA, Lee JH, Nauck M, Noordam R, Ong KK, Pankow J, Patki A, Pattie A, Petersmann A, Qi Q, Ribel-Madsen R, Rohde R, Sandow K, Schnurr TM, Sofer T, Starr JM, Taylor AM, Teumer A, Timpson NJ, de Haan HG, Wang Y, Weeke PE, Williams C, Wu H, Yang W, Zeng D, Witte DR, Weir BS, Wareham NJ, Vestergaard H, Turner ST, Torp-Pedersen C, Stergiakouli E, Sheu WHH, Rosendaal FR, Ikram MA, Franco OH, Ridker PM, Perls TT, Pedersen O, Nohr EA, Newman AB, Linneberg A, Langenberg C, Kilpeläinen TO, Kardia SLR, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Sørensen TIA, Homuth G, Hansen T, Goodarzi MO, Deary IJ, Christensen C, Chen YDI, Chakravarti A, Brandslund I, Bonnelykke K, Taylor KD, Wilson JG, Rodriguez S, Davies G, Horta BL, Thyagarajan B, Rao DC, Grarup N, Davila-Roman VG, Hudson G, Guo X, Arnett DK, Hayward C, Vaidya D, Mook-Kanamori DO, Tiwari HK, Levy D, Loos RJF, Dehghan A, Elliott P, Malik AN, Scott RA, Becker DM, de Andrade M, Province MA, Meigs JB, Rotter JI, North KE. Associations of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Mitochondrial Variants and Genes with Seven Metabolic Traits. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:112-138. [PMID: 30595373 PMCID: PMC6323610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria (MT), the major site of cellular energy production, are under dual genetic control by 37 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes and numerous nuclear genes (MT-nDNA). In the CHARGEmtDNA+ Consortium, we studied genetic associations of mtDNA and MT-nDNA associations with body mass index (BMI), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), glucose, insulin, HOMA-B, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c. This 45-cohort collaboration comprised 70,775 (insulin) to 170,202 (BMI) pan-ancestry individuals. Validation and imputation of mtDNA variants was followed by single-variant and gene-based association testing. We report two significant common variants, one in MT-ATP6 associated (p ≤ 5E-04) with WHR and one in the D-loop with glucose. Five rare variants in MT-ATP6, MT-ND5, and MT-ND6 associated with BMI, WHR, or insulin. Gene-based meta-analysis identified MT-ND3 associated with BMI (p ≤ 1E-03). We considered 2,282 MT-nDNA candidate gene associations compiled from online summary results for our traits (20 unique studies with 31 dataset consortia's genome-wide associations [GWASs]). Of these, 109 genes associated (p ≤ 1E-06) with at least 1 of our 7 traits. We assessed regulatory features of variants in the 109 genes, cis- and trans-gene expression regulation, and performed enrichment and protein-protein interactions analyses. Of the identified mtDNA and MT-nDNA genes, 79 associated with adipose measures, 49 with glucose/insulin, 13 with risk for type 2 diabetes, and 18 with cardiovascular disease, indicating for pleiotropic effects with health implications. Additionally, 21 genes related to cholesterol, suggesting additional important roles for the genes identified. Our results suggest that mtDNA and MT-nDNA genes and variants reported make important contributions to glucose and insulin metabolism, adipocyte regulation, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessica L Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Christian Theil Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Shiow J Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tom G Richardson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Eliana P Fernandez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Maria Argos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sebastian M Armasu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ruteja A Barve
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas J Baranski
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Suzette J Bielinski
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45206, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cheryl D Cropp
- Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 35229, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | | | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - James A Perry
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mao Fu
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anna E Jonsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas B Larson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Latisha D Love-Gregory
- Genomics & Pathology Services, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; GeneSTAR Research Program, Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James Pankow
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Alison Pattie
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Theresia M Schnurr
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Peter E Weeke
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hongsheng Wu
- Computer Science and Networking, Wentworth Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Denmark, Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bruce S Weir
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2820, Denmark
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Evie Stergiakouli
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas T Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; The Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen 2000, Denmark
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup 2600, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1014, Denmark; Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9100, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (Section of Metabolic Genetics) and Department of Public Health (Section on Epidemiology), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200N, Denmark
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Cramer Christensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Vejle Lillebaelt Hospital, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bonnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte & Naestved 2820, Denmark; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Santiago Rodriguez
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Victor G Davila-Roman
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; The Population Sciences Branch, NHLBI/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Afshan N Malik
- King's College London, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London SE1 1NN, UK
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA.
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Hammarstedt A, Gogg S, Hedjazifar S, Nerstedt A, Smith U. Impaired Adipogenesis and Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue in Human Hypertrophic Obesity. Physiol Rev 2019; 98:1911-1941. [PMID: 30067159 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is the largest and best storage site for excess lipids. However, it has a limited ability to expand by recruiting and/or differentiating available precursor cells. When inadequate, this leads to a hypertrophic expansion of the cells with increased inflammation, insulin resistance, and a dysfunctional prolipolytic tissue. Epi-/genetic factors regulate SAT adipogenesis and genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes is associated with markers of an impaired SAT adipogenesis and development of hypertrophic obesity also in nonobese individuals. We here review mechanisms for the adipose precursor cells to enter adipogenesis, emphasizing the role of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and its endogenous antagonist gremlin-1, which is increased in hypertrophic SAT in humans. Gremlin-1 is a secreted and a likely important mechanism for the impaired SAT adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. Transiently increasing BMP-4 enhances adipogenic commitment of the precursor cells while maintained BMP-4 signaling during differentiation induces a beige/brown oxidative phenotype in both human and murine adipose cells. Adipose tissue growth and development also requires increased angiogenesis, and BMP-4, as a proangiogenic molecule, may also be an important feedback regulator of this. Hypertrophic obesity is also associated with increased lipolysis. Reduced lipid storage and increased release of FFA by hypertrophic SAT are important mechanisms for the accumulation of ectopic fat in the liver and other places promoting insulin resistance. Taken together, the limited expansion and storage capacity of SAT is a major driver of the obesity-associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hammarstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Silvia Gogg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Annika Nerstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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35
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Ozdemir Erdoğan M, Avci K, Yildiz SH, Arikan Terzi ES, Söylemez Z, Varol N, Solak M. Effect of gene polymorphisms in transmembrane protein 18 ( TMEM18) and neuronal growth regulator 1 ( NEGR1) on body mass index in obese subjects. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1533430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Müjgan Ozdemir Erdoğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Kamuran Avci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Saliha Handan Yildiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Evrim Suna Arikan Terzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Zafer Söylemez
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Nuray Varol
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Solak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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36
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Jiang Q, Sun B, Liu Q, Cai M, Wu R, Wang F, Yao Y, Wang Y, Wang X. MTCH2 promotes adipogenesis in intramuscular preadipocytes via an m 6A-YTHDF1-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 2018; 33:2971-2981. [PMID: 30339471 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801393rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat is considered a potential factor that is associated with meat quality in animal production and insulin resistance in humans. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of mRNA plays an important role in regulating adipogenesis. However, the effects of m6A on the adipogenesis of intramuscular preadipocytes and associated mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we performed m6A sequencing to compare m6A methylome of the longissimus dorsi muscles (LDMs) between Landrace pigs (lean-type breed) and Jinhua pigs (obese-type breed with higher levels of intramuscular fat). Transcriptome-wide m6A profiling of porcine LDMs was highly conserved with humans and mice. Furthermore, we identified a unique methylated gene in Jinhua pigs named mitochondrial carrier homology 2 ( MTCH2). The m6A levels of MTCH2 mRNA were reduced by introducing a synonymous mutation, and adipogenesis test results showed that the MTCH2 mutant was inferior with regard to adipogenesis compared with the MTCH2 wild-type. We then found that MTCH2 protein expression was positively associated with m6A levels, and an YTH domain family protein 1-RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR assay indicated that MTCH2 mRNA was a target of the YTH domain family protein 1. This study provides comprehensive m6A profiles of LDM transcriptomes in pigs and suggests an essential role for m6A modification of MTCH2 in intramuscular fat regulation.-Jiang, Q., Sun, B., Liu, Q., Cai, M., Wu, R., Wang, F., Yao, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, X. MTCH2 promotes adipogenesis in intramuscular preadipocytes via an m6A-YTHDF1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baofa Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruifan Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxi Yao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Kang X, Yang MY, Shi YX, Xie MM, Zhu M, Zheng XL, Zhang CK, Ge ZL, Bian XT, Lv JT, Wang YJ, Zhou BH, Tang KL. Interleukin-15 facilitates muscle regeneration through modulation of fibro/adipogenic progenitors. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:42. [PMID: 30029643 PMCID: PMC6053744 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic muscle injury is characteristics of fatty infiltration and fibrosis. Recently, fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) were found to be indispensable for muscular regeneration while were also responsible for fibrosis and fatty infiltration in muscle injury. Many myokines have been proven to regulate the adipose or cell proliferation. Because the fate of FAPs is largely dependent on microenvironment and the regulation of myokines on FAPs is still unclear. We screened the potential myokines and found Interleukin-15 (IL-15) may regulate the fatty infiltration in muscle injury. In this study, we investigated how IL-15 regulated FAPs in muscle injury and the effect on muscle regeneration. Methods Cell proliferation assay, western blots, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric analysis were performed to investigate the effect of IL-15 on proliferation and adipogensis of FAPs. Acute muscle injury was induced by injection of glycerol or cardiotoxin to analyze how IL-15 effected on FAPs in vivo and its function on fatty infiltration or muscle regeneration. Results We identified that the expression of IL-15 in injured muscle was negatively associated with fatty infiltration. IL-15 can stimulate the proliferation of FAPs and prevent the adipogenesis of FAPs in vitro and in vivo. The growth of FAPs caused by IL-15 was mediated through JAK-STAT pathway. In addition, desert hedgehog pathway may participate in IL-15 inhibiting adipogenesis of FAPs. Our study showed IL-15 can cause the fibrosis after muscle damage and promote the myofiber regeneration. Finally, the expression of IL-15 was positively associated with severity of fibrosis and number of FAPs in patients with chronic rotator cuff tear. Conclusions These findings supported the potential role of IL-15 as a modulator on fate of FAPs in injured muscle and as a novel therapy for chronic muscle injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0251-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yu Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Xing Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ming Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Lu Ge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ting Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Tong Lv
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Jiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kang-Lai Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Str. 30, Chongqing city, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng M, Mei B, Zhou Q, Zhang M, Huang H, Han L, Huang Q. Computational analyses of obesity associated loci generated by genome-wide association studies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199987. [PMID: 29966015 PMCID: PMC6028139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have discovered associations of numerous SNPs and genes with obesity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms through which these SNPs and genes affect the predisposition to obesity remain not fully understood. Aims of our study are to comprehensively characterize obesity GWAS SNPs and genes through computational approaches. METHODS For obesity GWAS identified SNPs, functional annotation, effects on miRNAs binding and impact on protein phosphorylation were performed via RegulomeDB and 3DSNP, miRNASNP, and the PhosSNP 1.0 database, respectively. For obesity associated genes, protein-protein interaction network construction, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed by STRING, PANTHER and STRING, respectively. RESULTS A total of 445 SNPs are significantly associated with obesity related phenotypes at threshold P < 5×10-8. A number of SNPs were eQTLs for obesity associated genes, some SNPs located at binding sites of obesity related transcription factors. SNPs that might affect miRNAs binding and protein phosphorylation were identified. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified the highly-interconnected "hub" genes. Obesity associated genes mainly involved in metabolic process and catalytic activity, and significantly enriched in 15 signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided the targets for follow-up experimental testing and further shed new light on obesity pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrong Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Mei
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Manling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Han Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lanchun Han
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyang Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
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Kässner F, Sauer T, Penke M, Richter S, Landgraf K, Körner A, Kiess W, Händel N, Garten A. Simvastatin induces apoptosis in PTEN‑haploinsufficient lipoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3691-3698. [PMID: 29568880 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue tumors (lipomas) frequently develop in patients with heterozygous germ line phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutations. simvastatin has been demonstrated to exhibit antitumor effects, and so the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of simvastatin on the growth of human PTEN haploinsufficient lipoma cells. Whether the effects of simvastatin in lipomas are mediated via PTEN upregulation was also assessed. The results of the present study revealed that simvastatin treatment reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in human lipoma cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the expression of cellular PTEN mRNA and protein was increased following simvastatin stimulation. In addition, the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and downstream targets of mammalian target of rapamycin and 4E‑binding protein (4E‑BP)‑1 was attenuated. It was also demonstrated that simvastatin induced PTEN transcriptional upregulation by increasing peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression. The small interfering RNA‑mediated knockdown of PPARγ abrogated the stimulatory effect of simvastatin on the PTEN protein, but did not influence apoptosis. The results of the present study suggest that simvastatin may be beneficial for patients with inoperable PTEN haploinsufficient lipomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kässner
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tina Sauer
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Penke
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandy Richter
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norman Händel
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), D‑04103 Leipzig, Germany
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40
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Kalenda A, Landgraf K, Löffler D, Kovacs P, Kiess W, Körner A. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with lower BMI, lower postprandial glucose levels and elevated carbohydrate intake in children and adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:159-167. [PMID: 28960774 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amino acid-changing exonic variant rs6265 (Val66Met polymorphism) in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been linked to obesity in several genotype-phenotype association studies. OBJECTIVE To identify metabolic factors by which this effect might be conveyed, we aimed to investigate its correlation with (i) obesity, (ii) metabolic parameters, (iii) serum levels of BDNF and (iv) measures of energy intake in children and adolescents. METHODS We genotyped the variant in 2131 subjects (age 6-18 years) and checked for an association with obesity. Secondly, we correlated the genotype with parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism (fasting/postprandial glucose and insulin levels, HbA1c, homeostasis model assessment, Matsuda, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglycerides) in a smaller subset of 845 subjects. We determined BDNF serum levels in 177 individuals by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed the association with genotype and metabolic parameters. Finally, we investigated the association between genotype and macronutrient intake from self-reported food diaries (n = 146). RESULTS The minor Met allele was associated with lower BMI standard deviation score (p = 0.002). Post-pubertal Met allele carriers showed lower postprandial glucose levels and a lower HbA1c (β = 0.15, p = 0.046 and β = 0.27, p = 0.012, respectively). Neither the genotype nor any of the metabolic parameters correlated with BDNF serum levels. We observed an increased total calorie intake (β = -0.21, p = 0.007) with increased carbohydrate and protein intake (β = -0.22, p = 0.005 and β = -0.14, p = 0.028, respectively) in Met allele carriers. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the association of the minor Met allele with lower BMI in children and provide new data that it is associated with lower postprandial glucose in post-pubertal subjects. Moreover, Met allele carriers reported to consume more carbohydrates and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kalenda
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Löffler
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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41
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Coskun E, Ercin M, Gezginci‐Oktayoglu S. The Role of Epigenetic Regulation and Pluripotency‐Related MicroRNAs in Differentiation of Pancreatic Stem Cells to Beta Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:455-467. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ediz Coskun
- Faculty of ScienceBiology DepartmentMolecular Biology Section, Istanbul UniversityVezneciler 34134IstanbulTurkey
| | - Merve Ercin
- Faculty of ScienceBiology DepartmentMolecular Biology Section, Istanbul UniversityVezneciler 34134IstanbulTurkey
| | - Selda Gezginci‐Oktayoglu
- Faculty of ScienceBiology DepartmentMolecular Biology Section, Istanbul UniversityVezneciler 34134IstanbulTurkey
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42
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Bou M, Montfort J, Le Cam A, Rallière C, Lebret V, Gabillard JC, Weil C, Gutiérrez J, Rescan PY, Capilla E, Navarro I. Gene expression profile during proliferation and differentiation of rainbow trout adipocyte precursor cells. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:347. [PMID: 28472935 PMCID: PMC5418865 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in cultured fish is an outstanding problem in aquaculture. To understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the genes which expression is associated with adipogenic differentiation. Therefore, the transcriptomic profile at different time points (days 3, 8, 15 and 21) along primary culture development of rainbow trout preadipocytes has been investigated using an Agilent trout oligo microarray. RESULTS Our analysis identified 4026 genes differentially expressed (fold-change >3) that were divided into two major clusters corresponding to the main phases observed during the preadipocyte culture: proliferation and differentiation. Proliferation cluster comprised 1028 genes up-regulated from days 3 to 8 of culture meanwhile the differentiation cluster was characterized by 2140 induced genes from days 15 to 21. Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. In addition, the implication of the eicosanoid signalling pathway was highlighted during this phase. On the other hand, the terminal differentiation phase was enriched with genes involved in energy production, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, during this phase an enrichment in genes involved in the formation of the lipid droplets was evidenced as well as the activation of the thyroid-receptor/retinoic X receptor (TR/RXR) and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) signalling pathways. The whole adipogenic process was driven by a coordinated activation of transcription factors and epigenetic modulators. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study demonstrates the coordinated expression of functionally related genes during proliferation and differentiation of rainbow trout adipocyte cells. Furthermore, the information generated will allow future investigations of specific genes involved in particular stages of fish adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bou
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Present address: Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Research), P.O. Box 210, N-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Jerôme Montfort
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Aurélie Le Cam
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Cécile Rallière
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Véronique Lebret
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Jean-Charles Gabillard
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Claudine Weil
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Joaquim Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre-Yves Rescan
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Landgraf K, Schuster S, Meusel A, Garten A, Riemer T, Schleinitz D, Kiess W, Körner A. Short-term overfeeding of zebrafish with normal or high-fat diet as a model for the development of metabolically healthy versus unhealthy obesity. BMC PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 17:4. [PMID: 28327129 PMCID: PMC5361797 DOI: 10.1186/s12899-017-0031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese individuals differ in their risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular complications depending on fat distribution (subcutaneous versus visceral) and adipose tissue (AT) phenotype (hyperplasic versus hypertrophic). However, the exact mechanisms which determine whether an obese individual is metabolically healthy or unhealthy are not clear, and analyses of the underlying pathomechanisms are limited by the lack of suitable in vivo models in which metabolically healthy versus metabolically unhealthy AT accumulation can be specifically induced. In the current study, we aimed to establish a protocol for the use of zebrafish as a model for obesity-related metabolically healthy versus metabolically unhealthy AT accumulation. METHODS We overfed adult male zebrafish of the AB strain with normal fat diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and compared parameters related to obesity, i.e. body weight, body mass index, condition index and body fat percentage, to control zebrafish fed under physiological conditions. In addition, we investigated the presence of early obesity-related metabolic alterations by quantifying blood glucose levels, plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and by assessing ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver of zebrafish. Finally, we determined gene expression levels of marker genes related to lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis in visceral AT and liver. RESULTS We show that 8-weeks overfeeding with either NFD or HFD leads to a significant increase in body weight and AT mass compared to controls. In contrast to NFD-overfed zebrafish, HFD-overfed zebrafish additionally present metabolic alterations, e.g. hyperglycemia and ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver, and a metabolically unhealthy AT phenotype with adipocyte hypertrophy especially in the visceral AT depot, which is accompanied by changes in the expression of marker genes for lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we have established a method for the specific induction of metabolically distinct obesity phenotypes in zebrafish. Our results indicate that zebrafish represents an attractive model to study regulatory mechanisms involved in the determination of AT phenotype during development of metabolically healthy versus metabolically unhealthy obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. .,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Susanne Schuster
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrej Meusel
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Riemer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dorit Schleinitz
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Rottiers V, Francisco A, Platov M, Zaltsman Y, Ruggiero A, Lee SS, Gross A, Libert S. MTCH2 is a conserved regulator of lipid homeostasis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:616-625. [PMID: 28127879 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More than one-third of U.S. adults have obesity, causing an alarming increase in obesity-related comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes. The functional role of mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2), a human obesity-associated gene, in lipid homeostasis was investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans, cell culture, and mice. METHODS In C. elegans, MTCH2/MTCH-1 was depleted, using RNAi and a genetic mutant, and overexpressed to assess its effect on lipid accumulation. In cells and mice, shRNAs against MTCH2 were used for knockdown and MTCH2 overexpression vectors were used for overexpression to study the role of this gene in fat accumulation. RESULTS MTCH2 knockdown reduced lipid accumulation in adipocyte-like cells in vitro and in C. elegans and mice in vivo. MTCH2 overexpression increased fat accumulation in cell culture, C. elegans, and mice. Acute MTCH2 inhibition reduced fat accumulation in animals subjected to a high-fat diet. Finally, MTCH2 influenced estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) activity. CONCLUSIONS MTCH2 is a conserved regulator of lipid homeostasis. MTCH2 was found to be both required and sufficient for lipid homeostasis shifts, suggesting that pharmacological inhibition of MTCH2 could be therapeutic for treatment of obesity and related disorders. MTCH2 could influence lipid homeostasis through inhibition of ESR1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Rottiers
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Adam Francisco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Michael Platov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Yehudit Zaltsman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Antonella Ruggiero
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Siu Sylvia Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Atan Gross
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergiy Libert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Zandoná MR, Sangalli CN, Campagnolo PDB, Vitolo MR, Almeida S, Mattevi VS. Validation of obesity susceptibility loci identified by genome-wide association studies in early childhood in South Brazilian children. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:85-92. [PMID: 27005443 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of childhood obesity has been dramatically increasing in developing countries as it has been reported for developed nations. Identifying susceptibility genes in early life could provide the foundations for interventions in lifestyle to prevent obese children to become obese adults. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of genetic variants related to obesity identified by genome-wide association studies (MC4R, TMEM18, KCTD15, SH2B1, SEC16B, BDNF, NEGR1, OLFM4 and HOXB5 genes) on anthropometric and dietary phenotypes in two Brazilian cohorts followed-up since birth. METHODS There were 745 children examined at birth, after 1 year and after 3.5 years of follow-up. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped. Anthropometric and dietary parameters were compared among genotypes. Children were classified as overweight when body mass index Z-score was >+1. RESULTS Overweight prevalence was 30.7% at 3.5 years old. Significant associations were identified at 3.5 years old for TMEM18 rs6548238, NEGR1 rs2815752, BDNF rs10767664 and rs6265 (1 year old and 3.5 years old) with anthropometric phenotypes and at 3.5 years old for SEC16B rs10913469 with dietary parameters. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that genetic variants in/near these genes contribute to obesity susceptibility in childhood and highlight the age at which they begin to affect obesity-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Zandoná
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C N Sangalli
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Nutrition Research Group (NUPEN), Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - P D B Campagnolo
- Department of Nutrition, Vale do Rio do Sinos University, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - M R Vitolo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Nutrition Research Group (NUPEN), Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - S Almeida
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - V S Mattevi
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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46
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Camargos ACR, Mendonça VA, Andrade CAD, Oliveira KSC, Tossige-Gomes R, Rocha-Vieira E, Neves CDC, Vieira ÉLM, Leite HR, Oliveira MX, Júnior ALT, Coimbra CC, Lacerda ACR. Neuroendocrine Inflammatory Responses in Overweight/Obese Infants. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167593. [PMID: 27907172 PMCID: PMC5132240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is related to a cascade of neuroendocrine inflammatory changes. However, there remains a gap in the current literature regarding the possible occurrence of these changes in overweight/obese infants. The objective of this study was to evaluate adipokines, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and redox status in overweight/obese infants versus normal-weight peers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 infants (25 in the overweight/obese group and 25 in the normal-weight group) between 6 and 24 months. Plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, chemokines, BDNF, serum cortisol and redox status were measured. Unpaired Student's t-test was used to analyze the results and a probability of p<0.05 was acceptable for rejection of the null hypothesis. The Pearson correlation was used to verify the association between the biomarkers analyzed in each group. Plasma levels of leptin (p = 0.0001), adiponectin (p = 0.0007) and BDNF (p = 0.003), and serum cortisol (p = 0.048) were significantly higher in overweight/obese infants than normal-weight infants. In contrast, the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (p = 0.004), and catalase (p = 0.045) and superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.02) were lower in overweight/obese infants than normal-weight peers. All the results together indicate neuroendocrine inflammatory response changes in overweight/obese infants between 6 and 24 months. Although there is already an environment that predisposes for a subsequent pro-inflammatory response, neuroendocrine secretion changes that permit the control of the inflammatory process in this age interval can be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Camila Alves de Andrade
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Rosalina Tossige-Gomes
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Camila Danielle Cunha Neves
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Murilo Xavier Oliveira
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Diamantina, Brazil
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Landgraf K, Scholz M, Kovacs P, Kiess W, Körner A. FTO Obesity Risk Variants Are Linked to Adipocyte IRX3 Expression and BMI of Children - Relevance of FTO Variants to Defend Body Weight in Lean Children? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161739. [PMID: 27560134 PMCID: PMC4999231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified variants within the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) locus as the strongest predictors of obesity amongst all obesity-associated gene loci. Recent evidence suggests that variants in FTO directly affect human adipocyte function through targeting IRX3 and IRX5 and thermogenesis regulation. AIM We addressed the relevance of this proposed FTO-IRX pathway in adipose tissue (AT) of children. RESULTS Expression of IRX3 was higher in adipocytes compared to SVF. We found increased adipocyte-specific expression of IRX3 and IRX5 with the presence of the FTO risk haplotype in lean children, whereas it was unaffected by risk variants in obese peers. We further show that IRX3 expression was elevated in isolated adipocytes and AT of lean compared to obese children, particularly in UCP1-negative adipocytes, and inversely correlated with BMI SDS. Independent of BMI, IRX3 expression in adipocytes was significantly related to adipocyte hypertrophy, and subsequent associations with AT inflammation and HOMA-IR in the children. CONCLUSION One interpretation of our observation of FTO risk variants linked to IRX3 expression and adipocyte size restricted to lean children, along with the decreased IRX3 expression in obese compared to lean peers, may reflect a defense mechanism for protecting body-weight, which is pertinent for lean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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48
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Landgraf K, Strobach A, Kiess W, Körner A. Loss of mtch2 function impairs early development of liver, intestine and visceral adipocytes in zebrafish larvae. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2852-61. [PMID: 27468124 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier homologue 2 (MTCH2) has been shown to be essential for embryogenesis in mice, and variants in the MTCH2 locus have been linked to obesity in humans. Here, we investigated the importance of mtch2 for embryogenesis and adipocyte formation in zebrafish in vivo. We show that mtch2 is conserved in zebrafish and broadly expressed during embryogenesis. Knock-down of mtch2 results in impaired development of liver and intestine, and is associated with a reduced number of adipocytes and impaired postembryonic growth. The findings indicate an essential role for mtch2 during organ development and adipogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Medical Center AdiposityDiseases (IFB), University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ariane Strobach
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Medical Center AdiposityDiseases (IFB), University of Leipzig, Germany
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49
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Rockstroh D, Löffler D, Kiess W, Landgraf K, Körner A. Regulation of human adipogenesis by miR125b-5p. Adipocyte 2016; 5:283-97. [PMID: 27617174 PMCID: PMC5013983 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2016.1195044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are supposed to be implicated in the control of adipogenesis. We aimed to identify miRNAs which are involved in the regulation of human adipogenesis and searched for their molecular targets. Applying microarray-analysis we identified miR125b-5p as upregulated during human adipocyte differentiation, although its role during adipogenesis is unknown. We identified and characterized the matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) as a direct target of miR125b-5p by showing that miR125b-5p overexpression significantly reduces MMP11 luciferase activity and mutation of any single binding site was sufficient to abolish the miR125b-5p mediated inhibition of luciferase activity. MMP11 overexpression decreased fat accumulation, indicating that MMP11 acts as an anti-adipogenic regulator. In contrast, overexpression of miR125b-5p itself reduced adipogenesis. In summary, we identified miR125b-5p as upregulated during human adipogenesis indicating that miR125b-5p may serve as a regulator of human adipocyte differentiation. We further show that miR125b-5p downregulates the anti-adipogenic MMP11, but directly inhibits adipogenesis itself. Taken together, these data implicate that miR125b-5p can affect human adipogenesis via MMP11 and probably additional targets.
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50
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Ruiz-Narváez EA, Haddad SA, Rosenberg L, Palmer JR. Birth weight modifies the association between central nervous system gene variation and adult body mass index. J Hum Genet 2015; 61:193-8. [PMID: 26582267 PMCID: PMC4808432 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2015.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified approximately 100 loci associated with body mass index (BMI). Persons with low birth-weight have an increased risk of metabolic disorders. We postulate that normal mechanisms of body weight regulation are disrupted in subjects with low birth-weight. The present analyses included 2215 African American women from the Black Women’s Health Study, and were based on genotype data on twenty BMI-associated loci and self-reported data on birth-weight, weight at age 18, and adult weight. We used general linear models to assess the association of individual SNPs with BMI at age 18 and later in adulthood within strata of birth-weight (above and below the median, 3200 g). Three SNPs (rs1320330 near TMEM18, rs261967 near PCSK1, and rs17817964 in FTO), and a genetic score combining these three variants, showed significant interactions with birth-weight in relation to BMI. Among women with birth-weight <3200 g, there was an inverse association between genetic score and BMI; beta-coefficient = −0.045 (95% CI −0.104, 0.013) for BMI at age 18, and −0.055 (95% CI −0.112, 0.002) for adult BMI. Among women with birth-weight ≥3,200 g, genetic score was positively associated with BMI: beta-coefficient = 0.110 (95% CI 0.051, 0.169) for BMI at age 18 (P for interaction = 0.0002), and 0.112 (95% CI 0.054, 0.170) for adult BMI (P for interaction < 0.0001). Because TMEM18, PCSK1, and FTO are highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), our results suggest that low birth-weight may disrupt mechanisms of CNS body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Ruiz-Narváez
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen A Haddad
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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