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Sharman MJ, Stanesby O, Jose KA, Greaves S, Timperio A, Reid E, Stafford L, Otahal P, Cleland VJ. Get BusActive!: Protocol of a single-blinded randomised controlled trial incentivising public transport use for physical activity gain among young people and adults. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 42:101367. [PMID: 39319319 PMCID: PMC11421283 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Population level physical activity generally does not meet recommended targets. Compared with private motor vehicle users, public transport users tend to be more physically active and financial incentives may encourage more public transport use, but these relationships are under-investigated. This paper describes the protocol of a randomised controlled trial that aimed to determine the effect of financially incentivising public transport use on physical activity in a regional Australian setting. Methods Get BusActive! is a 9.5-month single-blinded randomised controlled trial. A convenience sample of Tasmanians aged ≥15 years will be randomised to a 14-week incentive-based intervention (bus trip target attainment rewarded by bus trip credits and weekly supportive text messages) or an active control following baseline measures and will be followed up ∼24 weeks later (maintenance phase). Both groups will receive written physical activity guidelines. The primary outcome is change in accelerometer-measured steps/day from baseline to immediately post intervention phase and maintenance phase. Secondary outcomes are change in: smartcard-measured bus trips/week; measured and self-reported minutes/week of physical activity and sitting; transport-related behaviour (using one-week travel diary), perspectives (e.g. enablers/barriers) and costs; health. Linear mixed model regression will determine group differences. Participant-level process evaluation will be conducted and intervention cost to the public transport provider determined. Conclusion Get BusActive! will fill an important knowledge gap about the causal relationship between financially incentivised public transport use and physical activity-the findings will benefit health and transport-related decision makers. Trial registration ACTRN12623000613606. Universal trial number U1111-1292-3414.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Oliver Stanesby
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kim A Jose
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stephen Greaves
- Institute of Transport and Logistic Studies, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Reid
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Lisa Stafford
- School of Geography, Planning and Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Petr Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Verity J Cleland
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Park KM, Lee SE, Lee C, Hwang HD, Yoon DH, Choi E, Lee E. Predicting sleep based on physical activity, light exposure, and Heart rate variability data using wearable devices. Ann Med 2024; 56:2405077. [PMID: 39297306 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2405077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to improve the performance of sleep prediction algorithms by increasing the data amount, adding variables reflecting psychological state, and adjusting the data length. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used ActiGraph GT3X+® and Galaxy Watch Active2™ to collect physical activity and light exposure data. We collected heart rate variability (HRV) data with the Galaxy Watch. We evaluated the performance of sleep prediction algorithms based on different data sources (wearable devices only, sleep diary only, or both), data lengths (1, 2, or 3 days), and analysis methods. We defined the target outcome, 'good sleep', as ≥90% sleep efficiency. RESULTS Among 278 participants who denied having sleep disturbance, we used data including 2136 total days and nights from 230 participants. The performance of the sleep prediction algorithms improved with an increased amount of data and added HRV data. The model with the best performance was the extreme gradient boosting model; XGBoost, using both sources combined data with HRV, and 2-day data (accuracy=.85, area under the curve =.80). CONCLUSIONS The results show that the performance of the sleep prediction models improved by increasing the data amount and adding HRV data. Further studies targeting insomnia patients and applied researches on non-pharmacological insomnia treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mee Park
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, and Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Health IT center, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Duck Hwang
- Health IT center, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Yoon
- Health IT center, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchae Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, and Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, and Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Becker ML, Hurkmans HL, Verhaar JAN, Bussmann JBJ. Monitoring postures and motions of hospitalized patients using sensor technology: a scoping review. Ann Med 2024; 56:2399963. [PMID: 39239877 PMCID: PMC11382703 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2399963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensor technology could provide solutions to monitor postures and motions and to help hospital patients reach their rehabilitation goals with minimal supervision. Synthesized information on device applications and methodology is lacking. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of device applications and methodological approaches to monitor postures and motions in hospitalized patients using sensor technology. METHODS A systematic search of Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar was completed in February 2023 and updated in March 2024. Included studies described populations of hospitalized adults with short admission periods and interventions that use sensor technology to objectively monitor postures and motions. Study selection was performed by two authors independently of each other. Data extraction and narrative analysis focused on the applications and methodological approaches of included articles using a personalized standard form to extract information on device, measurement and analysis characteristics of included studies and analyse frequencies and usage. RESULTS A total of 15.032 articles were found and 49 articles met the inclusion criteria. Devices were most often applied in older adults (n = 14), patients awaiting or after surgery (n = 14), and stroke (n = 6). The main goals were gaining insight into patient physical behavioural patterns (n = 19) and investigating physical behaviour in relation to other parameters such as muscle strength or hospital length of stay (n = 18). The studies had heterogeneous study designs and lacked completeness in reporting on device settings, data analysis, and algorithms. Information on device settings, data analysis, and algorithms was poorly reported. CONCLUSIONS Studies on monitoring postures and motions are heterogeneous in their population, applications and methodological approaches. More uniformity and transparency in methodology and study reporting would improve reproducibility, interpretation and generalization of results. Clear guidelines for reporting and the collection and sharing of raw data would benefit the field by enabling study comparison and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlissa L Becker
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine - Physical Therapy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henri L Hurkmans
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine - Physical Therapy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A N Verhaar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B J Bussmann
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Gavilán-Carrera B, Martínez-Rosales E, Palacios-Morenilla C, Díaz-Chamorro A, Soriano-Maldonado A, Vargas-Hitos JA. Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and fitness with cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis over 3 years in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Med Clin (Barc) 2024; 163:327-335. [PMID: 39030119 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are among the main causes of death in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Physical activity (PA) and fitness are potential protective factors against the progression of CV risk factors and atherosclerosis. AIM To analyze trends over time in PA, sedentary time (ST) and physical fitness and their associations of with traditional and novel markers of CV risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in women with SLE over a 3-year follow-up period. METHODS In this exploratory study, 77 White Hispanic women with SLE (43.3±13.8 years) with mild disease activity were followed after 3 years (n=44). HDL and LDL cholesterol (blood samples), BMI and muscle mass (stadiometer and bioimpedance device), blood pressure (BP), pulse wave velocity (PWV, Mobil-O-Graph® monitor), carotid plaques and intima-media thickness (General Electric Medical Systems, LOGQ-6 model) were assessed. PA and ST were measured using triaxial accelerometers. Physical fitness was assessed with the back-scratch, handgrip strength, 30-s chair stand, and 6-min walk, tests. RESULTS After 3 years, LDL-c (estimated mean change [est]=13.77mg/dL) and PWV (0.13m/s) increased while diastolic BP (-2.80mmHG) decreased (all, p<0.05). In mixed models, 6-min walk test was positively associated with HDL-c (est=0.07); back scratch (est=0.33) and chair-stand (est=1.19) tests were positively associated with systolic BP (all, p<0.05). No other trends or associations over time were identified (all, p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS PA, ST, fitness, and most studied CV risk factors remained stable over time, with only marginal changes in LDL-c, PWV, and diastolic BP. Overall, PA and ST were not longitudinally associated with CV risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis and contradictory weak associations were found for physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; PA-HELP "Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion" Research Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Rosales
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CIBIS (Centro de Investigación para el Bienestar y la Inclusión Social) Research Center, Univerisity of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Díaz-Chamorro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CIBIS (Centro de Investigación para el Bienestar y la Inclusión Social) Research Center, Univerisity of Almería, Almería, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Vargas-Hitos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Fessler L, Tessitore E, Craviari C, Sarrazin P, Meyer P, Luthy C, Hanna-Deschamps E, Cheval B. Motivational and emotional correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior after cardiac rehabilitation: an observational study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:209. [PMID: 39363352 PMCID: PMC11448298 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study assessed physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) levels and their motivational and emotional health-related correlates, in outpatients following a cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) program, and compared these variables with those of a healthy control group. METHODS The study included 119 participants: 68 CR outpatients (Mage 57.76 ± 10.76; 86.76% males) and 51 control participants matched on age (Mage 57.35 ± 6.33 years; 45.10% males). PA and SB were assessed using accelerometers during the first week post-discharge for outpatients and during a typical week for controls. Motivational (i.e., perceived capabilities, affective and instrumental attitudes, intention, approach-avoidance tendencies) and emotional health-related variables (i.e., anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain intensity) were measured using validated scales. PA and SB data from 17 outpatients and 42 controls were valid for analysis, resulting in a final sample of 59 participants. RESULTS CR outpatients engaged an average of 60.21 (± 34.79) min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and 548.69 (± 58.64) min of SB per day, with 18 more minutes of MVPA per day than controls (p = .038). Univariate and multivariate regressions indicated that positive affective attitudes were associated with higher MVPA (b = 10.32, R2 = 0.07, p = .029), and that males spent more time in SB than females (b = 40.54, R2 = 0.09, p = .045). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions showed that meeting the World Health Organization's weekly guidelines for MVPA was associated with higher perceived capabilities toward PA and more positive affective attitudes (OR = 1.17, p = .030; OR = 1.26, p < .001, respectively). Interaction tests showed no significant differences in these results between outpatients and controls. CONCLUSION The study highlights an association between higher perceived capabilities and positive affective attitudes toward PA with higher PA levels after outpatient CR. While these findings suggest that enhancing these motivational variables may be beneficial for increasing PA levels after CR, longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to further establish their role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layan Fessler
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France.
| | - Elena Tessitore
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Craviari
- Cardiology Service, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Philippe Meyer
- Cardiology Service, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Luthy
- Division of General Medical Rehabilitation, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eliana Hanna-Deschamps
- Division of General Medical Rehabilitation, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Boris Cheval
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression (E3Lab), Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École normale supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France.
- Univ Rennes, VIPS2 (Violences, Innovations, Politiques, Socialisations et Sports) - EA 4636, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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Brown DMY, Burkart S, Groves CI, Balbim GM, Pfledderer CD, Porter CD, Laurent CS, Johnson EK, Kracht CL. A systematic review of research reporting practices in observational studies examining associations between 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of health using compositional data analysis. JOURNAL OF ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY AND SLEEP BEHAVIORS 2024; 3:23. [PMID: 39371105 PMCID: PMC11446952 DOI: 10.1186/s44167-024-00062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Compositional data analysis (CoDA) techniques are well suited for examining associations between 24-h movement behaviors (i.e., sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity) and indicators of health given they recognize these behaviors are co-dependent, representing relative parts that make up a whole day. Accordingly, CoDA techniques have seen increased adoption in the past decade, however, heterogeneity in research reporting practices may hinder efforts to synthesize and quantify these relationships via meta-analysis. This systematic review described reporting practices in studies that used CoDA techniques to investigate associations between 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of health. Methods A systematic search of eight databases was conducted, in addition to supplementary searches (e.g., forward/backward citations, expert consultation). Observational studies that used CoDA techniques involving log-ratio transformation of behavioral data to examine associations between time-based estimates of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of health were included. Reporting practices were extracted and classified into seven areas: (1) methodological justification, (2) behavioral measurement and data handling strategies, (3) composition construction, (4) analytic plan, (5) composition-specific descriptive statistics, (6) model results, and (7) auxiliary information. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed by the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies. Results 102 studies met our inclusion criteria. Reporting practices varied considerably across areas, with most achieving high standards in methodological justification, but inconsistent reporting across all other domains. Some items were reported in all studies (e.g., how many parts the daily composition was partitioned into), whereas others seldom reported (e.g., definition of a day: midnight-to-midnight versus wake-to-wake). Study quality and risk of bias was fair in most studies (85%). Conclusions Current studies generally demonstrate inconsistent reporting practices. Consistent, clear and detailed reporting practices are evidently needed moving forward as the field of time-use epidemiology aims to accurately capture and analyze movement behavior data in relation to health outcomes, facilitate comparisons across studies, and inform public health interventions and policy decisions. Achieving consensus regarding reporting recommendations is a key next step. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44167-024-00062-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Burkart
- University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - Claire I. Groves
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA
| | | | - Christopher D. Pfledderer
- The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health in Austin, Austin, TX 78701 USA
| | - Carah D. Porter
- Kansas State University, 1105 Sunset Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA
| | | | - Emily K. Johnson
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA
| | - Chelsea L. Kracht
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
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Kinaupenne M, Van Biervliet S, Van Hoorenbeeck K, Schaballie H, Vandekerckhove K, Demeyer H, De Craemer M. Lower physical activity levels in youth with Cystic Fibrosis compared to healthy controls: A multicentre comparative study. Respir Med 2024; 232:107749. [PMID: 39089391 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity (PA) offers significant health benefits on both short (i.e., emotional well-being) and long term (i.e., fewer hospitalizations) in Youth with Cystic Fibrosis (YwCF). Regardless, evidence on PA levels in YwCF compared to healthy controls (HC) is inconsistent. Additionally, PA is a multidimensional outcome influenced by several factors such as Quadriceps strength and functional performance. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether PA, Quadriceps strength and functional performance differ between YwCF and HC across different age groups (i.e., children and adolescents). METHODS YwCF aged 6-17 from two Belgian CF centres and age- and sex-matched HC were recruited. PA was measured with an ActiGraph GT3X + BT during 7 consecutive days. Isometric Quadriceps strength was assessed with a Hand Held Dynamometer and functional performance with a sit-to stand test (STS) and standing long jump (SLJ). RESULTS A total of 49 YwCF (44 % male; 11.3 ± 3.3 years) and 49 HC (48 % male; 11.9 ± 3.5 years) were included. On average days, YwCF performed 4 ± 6.4 min less light PA and 7.5 ± 6.7 min less moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to HC (p = 0.04; p = 0.01). The differences in moderate-to-vigorous PA seem more pronounced in children (6-11 years)(p = 0.04). Furthermore, YwCF had similar Quadriceps strength to HC but had lower scores on the STS and SLJ (p = 0.50, p = 0.08; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This study shows lower PA levels and functional performance for YwCF, indicating that there is an urgent need for interventions promoting PA in YwCF. PA promotion will become increasingly important in the post modulator area to prevent health risks associated with low PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Kinaupenne
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Van Biervliet
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Heidi Schaballie
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Heleen Demeyer
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Daniels BT, Howie EK. Relationships between physical fitness, health behaviors, and occupational outcomes in students, faculty, and staff of an American university. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:2196-2203. [PMID: 35930403 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2107874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined relationships between physical fitness, health behaviors, and occupational outcomes of university affiliates. PARTICIPANTS 166 university affiliates of an American university (including students, faculty, and staff) participated between October 2018 and March 2020. METHODS Participants completed fitness measurements, wore a device to measure physical activity (PA) and sleep for one week, and completed a survey evaluating happiness and job satisfaction. Multiple regression models evaluated associations between physical fitness, health behaviors, and occupational outcomes. RESULTS 45% of participants had "poor" cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and unhealthy % fat. CRF, body composition, and muscular endurance were related to PA while body composition was related to sleep duration. Muscular endurance was related to GPA and job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest 45% of university affiliates had deficient physical fitness and may benefit from increasing PA and sleep. Universities should evaluate fitness within holistic programs to improve affiliates' health and, ultimately, occupational success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce T Daniels
- Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
| | - Erin K Howie
- Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
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Huang J, Memon AR, Bao R, Fan H, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen S, Li C. 24-H movement behaviours research in Chinese population: A scoping review. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:397-405. [PMID: 39219863 PMCID: PMC11363828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies examining 24-h movement behaviours have been exponentially published globally. However, no comprehensive reviews summarized and synthesized the evidence on the Chinese population. This review aimed to map the most recent research state and fill the gaps related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population. Methods Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and CNKI (Chinese database)) were searched from their inceptions through October 2023. Quantitative studies published in English and/or Chinese were included if they were related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population. Results From 9431 documents screened, 53 met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies were published between 2019 and 2023, showing a notable increasing trend over the years. Most studies used cross-sectional designs (96.2 %) and self-reported measures (56.6 %). Nearly all the studies targeted general healthy population (96.2 %), especially children and adolescents (64.2 %). The main three research topics observed were health outcomes (81.1 %), prevalence (66.0 %), and correlates (15.1 %) of 24-h movement behaviours. Conclusion 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population has been an increasingly important research topic in the literature, with predominant focus on children and adolescents (study population), self-report measure (measurement), cross-sectional design (study design), guidelines adherence (study topic), and health outcomes examination (study topic). These findings delineate a research landscape in the Chinese population, and highlight the research gaps needed to be addressed. Future studies are suggested to target these research gaps, expanding evidence base for the Chinese populations. For instance, more studies using device-based measures, longitudinal or interventional designs, as well as qualitative and mixed-methods approaches are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Huang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Aamir Raoof Memon
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, 8001, Australia
| | - Ran Bao
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Huiying Fan
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Research Centre for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518061, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Nagai K, Matsuzawa R, Sasai H, Tamaki K, Kusunoki H, Wada Y, Tsuji S, Hashimoto K, Mori T, Shinmura K. Developing a brief older adults' physical activity questionnaire. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024. [PMID: 39348881 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Brief Older Adults' Physical Activity Questionnaire (BOPAQ), which was designed to quickly assess moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We used a cross-sectional study design involving 165 older participants. The BOPAQ calculated weekly MVPA duration based on two questions regarding the number of days per week engaged in MVPA and the daily duration of activity. Validity was assessed by correlating the MVPA durations derived from the BOPAQ with those obtained from the ActiGraph and International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and measurement errors were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS The BOPAQ reasonably correlated with accelerometer-based MVPA (rho = 0.297) and showed good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.87). In contrast, the correlation between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form and accelerometer-based MVPA was poor (rho = 0.139). The cut-off value for the BOPAQ was set to identify participants engaging in <150 min of objectively measured physical activity per week, corresponding to the 150-min threshold. However, the area under the curve in the receiver operating characteristic analyses was not significantly high (0.601, 95% CI 0.514-0.688). The Bland-Altman plots showed an underestimation bias of 51.72 min/week (95% CI 1.61-101.84) and showed heteroscedasticity. CONCLUSION Despite some measurement errors, the BOPAQ is an available tool for assessing MVPA in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutatsu Nagai
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuzawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tamaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kusunoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Wada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Roppou Clinic, Toyooka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kana Hashimoto
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takara Mori
- Amagasaki Medical COOP Honden Clinic, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Ken Shinmura
- Department of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Streight E, Beauchamp MR, Smith KJ, Blanchard CM, Carson V, Strachan SM, Vanderloo LM, Courtnall S, Rhodes RE. "We are an active family": a randomized trial protocol to evaluate a family-system social identity intervention to promote child physical activity. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2605. [PMID: 39333930 PMCID: PMC11428443 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during childhood yields a myriad of health benefits, and contributes to sustained MVPA behaviors into adulthood. Given the influence of parents on shaping their child's MVPA behaviour, the family system represents a viable target for intervention. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of two intervention conditions designed to increase child MVPA: (1) A standard education + planning intervention providing information about benefits, action planning, and coping planning; and (2) An augmented physical activity education + planning intervention that includes the components of the standard intervention, as well as a focus on family identity promotion and developing as an active member of the family. METHODS A two-arm parallel single-blinded randomized trial will compare the two conditions over 6 months. Eligible families have at least one child aged 6-12 years who is not meeting the physical activity recommendations within the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (i.e.,<60 min/day of MVPA). Intervention materials targeting family identity promotion will be delivered online via zoom following baseline assessment, with booster sessions at 6-weeks and 3-months. Child MVPA will be measured by wGT3X-BT Actigraph accelerometry at baseline, 6-weeks, 3-months, and 6-months as the primary outcome. At these same time points, parent cognition (e.g., attitudes, perceived control, behavioral regulation, habit, identity) and support behaviours, and parent-child co-activity will be assessed via questionnaire as secondary outcomes. Child-health fitness measures will be also administered through fitness testing at baseline and 6-months as secondary outcomes. Finally, upon completion of the trial's 6-month measures, a follow-up end-of-trial interview will be conducted with parents to examine parents' experiences with the intervention. RESULTS So far, 30 families have been enrolled from the Southern Vancouver Island and Vancouver Lower Mainland area. Recruitment will be continuing through 2026 with a target of 148 families. DISCUSSION This study will contribute to the understanding of effective strategies to increase child physical activity by comparing two intervention approaches. Both provide parents with education on physical activity benefits, action planning, and coping planning supports. However, one intervention also incorporates components focused on promoting an active family identity and involving all family members in physical activity together. The findings from this study have the potential to inform the design and implementation of public health initiatives aimed at improving physical activity participation in children and guide the development of more effective interventions that leverage the crucial role of parents and the family system in shaping children's physical activity behaviors. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial registration ID is NCT05794789. This trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov on March 2nd, 2023, with the last updated release on September 28th, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline Streight
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kurt J Smith
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- ParticipACTION, Toronto, Canada
- University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Sandy Courtnall
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
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Ahola J, Kekäläinen T, Chastin S, Rantalainen T, Kinnunen ML, Pulkkinen L, Kokko K. Do personality profiles contribute to patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in adulthood? A prospective cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:107. [PMID: 39327609 PMCID: PMC11426097 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the observed associations of personality traits with levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), studies exploring whether the personality profiles differ in terms of the pattern of accumulation of physical behavior are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify adults' personality profiles and to characterize and investigate how these profiles differ in physical behavior. METHODS The study utilized the longitudinal data of the participants of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (n = 141-307). Information on the five-factor model of personality, including the traits of neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness, was collected at ages 33, 42, 50, and 61 years, and used to create latent personality profiles. Physical behavior, operationalized as the amount and accumulation of MVPA and SB bouts, was captured using a triaxial accelerometer worn during waking hours at age 61 years. The differences in the behavior between the personality profiles were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Five personality profiles were identified: resilient (20.2%), brittle (14.0%), overcontrolled (9.8%), undercontrolled (15.3%), and ordinary (40.7%). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the personality profiles in the time spent in MVPA relative to SB (MVPA per hour of daily SB), individuals with resilient (low in neuroticism and high in other traits) and ordinary (average in each trait) profiles had MVPA-to-SB ratios of 0.12 (7 min) and those with a brittle (high in neuroticism and low in extraversion) profile had a ratio of 0.09 (5.5 min). The individuals in the resilient group exhibited a longer usual MVPA bout duration than those in the overcontrolled (low in extraversion, openness, and agreeableness) (8 min vs. 2 min) and undercontrolled (high in openness and low in conscientiousness) groups (8 min vs. 3 min). They also exhibited a longer usual SB bout duration than those in the ordinary group (29 min vs. 23 min). CONCLUSIONS The resilient group displayed the most prolonged MVPA and SB bout patterns. The results suggest that personality characteristics may contribute to how MVPA and SB are accumulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ahola
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Kinnunen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lea Pulkkinen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Tørring MF, Logacjov A, Brændvik SM, Ustad A, Roeleveld K, Bardal EM. Validation of two novel human activity recognition models for typically developing children and children with Cerebral Palsy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308853. [PMID: 39312531 PMCID: PMC11419372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Activity Recognition models have potential to contribute to valuable and detailed knowledge of habitual physical activity for typically developing children and children with Cerebral Palsy. The main objective of the present study was to develop and validate two Human Activity Recognition models. One trained on data from typically developing children (n = 63), the second also including data from children with Cerebral Palsy (n = 16), engaging in standardised activities and free play. Our data was collected using accelerometers and ground truth was established with video annotations. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the influence of window settings on model performance. Utilizing the Extreme gradient boost (XGBoost) classifier, twelve sub-models were created, with 1-,3- and 5-seconds windows, with and without overlap. Both Human Activity Recognition models demonstrated excellent predictive capabilities (>92%) for standardised activities for both typically developing and Cerebral Palsy. From all window sizes, the 1-second window performed best for all test groups. Accuracy was slightly lower (>75%) for the Cerebral Palsy test group performing free play activities. The impact of window size and overlap varied depending on activity. In summary both Human Activity Recognition models effectively predict standardised activities, surpassing prior models for typically developing and children with Cerebral Palsy. Notably, the model trained on combined typically developing children and Cerebral Palsy data performed exemplary across all test groups. Researchers should select window settings aligned with their specific research objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Fossflaten Tørring
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Physiotherapy Unit, Trondheim Municipal, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksej Logacjov
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siri Merete Brændvik
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Ustad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karin Roeleveld
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ellen Marie Bardal
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Zielinski OB, Hallager DW, Jensen KY, Carreon L, Andersen MØ, Diederichsen LP, Bech RD. Multicentre investigation on the effect of decompressive surgery on Balance and physical ActiviTy Levels amongst patients with lumbar Spinal stenosis (B-ATLAS): protocol for a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e085667. [PMID: 39313282 PMCID: PMC11418479 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis may have poor balance, decreased physical function and problems maintaining physical activity levels due to radiculopathy. Decompressive surgery is often indicated if conservative management fails to achieve a satisfactory clinical outcome. While surgical management has proven effective at treating radiculopathy, and patients report increased physical function postoperatively, objective measures of postural control and physical activity remain sparse. This study aims to investigate the effects of decompressive surgery on postural control and activity levels of elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis using objective measurements. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a 24-month, multicentre, prospective cohort study. Patients ≥65 years of age with MRI-verified symptomatic lumbar central canal stenosis will be recruited from two separate inclusion centres, and all participants will undergo decompressive surgery. Preoperative data are collected up to 3 months before surgery, with follow-up data collected at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Postural control measurements are performed using the Wii Balance Board, mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Tandem test, and data concerning physical activity levels are collected using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers. Patient-reported outcomes regarding quality-of-life and physical function are collected from the EuroQol-5D, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and Zurich Claudication Questionnaire. Primary outcomes are the change in the sway area of centre of pressure and total activity counts per day from baseline to follow-up at 24 months. A sample size of 80 participants has been calculated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Regional Ethics Committee of Region Zealand (ID EMN-2022-08110) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (ID REG-100-2022). Written informed consent will be required from all participants before enrolment. All results from the study, whether positive, negative or inconclusive, will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international scientific meetings. Study findings will be further disseminated through national patient associations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT06075862 and NCT06057428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bremerskov Zielinski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zealand University Hospital Koge, Køge, Denmark
- Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Dennis Winge Hallager
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zealand University Hospital Koge, Køge, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Yde Jensen
- Rigshospitalet Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leah Carreon
- Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | | | - Louise Pyndt Diederichsen
- Dept. of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune Dueholm Bech
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zealand University Hospital Koge, Køge, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Alamoudi NA, Algabbani MF, Al-Heizan MO, Alhusaini AA. Physical activity and sedentary behavior among ambulatory children with cerebral palsy using accelerometer: a cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1463288. [PMID: 39363968 PMCID: PMC11448126 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1463288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Physical activity (PA) is paramount for childhood development and growth. However, children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy (CP) were often considered sedentary, and their physical inactivity was associated with adverse health conditions and complications. Therefore, this study aimed to objectively describe and compare the PA levels and SB levels of children with and without CP of the same age group. It also studied the factors correlating with PA, SB, and step count per day in children with CP. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study using a wrist-worn accelerometer was conducted. PA and SB were measured over seven consecutive days. Results Eighty-five children aged 6-12 years, consisting of 41 children with CP and 44 TD children, participated in this study with a mean age of 9.18 ± 1.95 and 8.45 ± 1.78 years, respectively. According to the gross functional measures, 53.6% of children with CP were classified as first classification. A significant amount of time was spent in SB and Light PA (LPA) by children with CP compared to TD children, and no significant differences were observed in moderate PA (MPA) or step count. Gender mainly affected MPA as girls spent more time in MPA than boys. The age, height, and weight of children with CP correlate significantly with SB. As children's age, height, and weight increase, SB increases. Additionally, children with higher weights have lower step counts per day. Conclusion This study showed that children with CP spend more time in LPA and SB than typically developed children. Therefore, concerted efforts are needed to encourage physical activity and reduce the sedentary lifestyle, to take into account the gender and anthropometric measures of children to enhance the quality of life among children with CP, and to consider gender and anthropometric measures of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njoud Aydhah Alamoudi
- Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Algabbani
- Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad O Al-Heizan
- Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel A Alhusaini
- Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Willems I, Verbestel V, Dumuid D, Calders P, Lapauw B, De Craemer M. A comparative analysis of 24-hour movement behaviors features using different accelerometer metrics in adults: Implications for guideline compliance and associations with cardiometabolic health. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309931. [PMID: 39288135 PMCID: PMC11407674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement behavior features such as time use estimates, average acceleration and intensity gradient are crucial in understanding associations with cardiometabolic health. The aim of this study was to 1) compare movement behavior features processed by commonly used accelerometer metrics among adults (i.e. Euclidian Norm Minus One (ENMO), Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD) and counts per minute (CPM)), 2) investigate the impact of accelerometer metrics on compliance with movement behavior guidelines, and 3) explore potential variations in the association between movement behavior features and cardiometabolic variables depending on the chosen metric. METHODS This cross-sectional study collected movement behavior features (Actigraph GT3X+) and cardiometabolic variables. Accelerometer data were analyzed by four metrics, i.e. ENMO, MAD, and CPM vertical axis and CPM vector magnitude (GGIR). Intraclass correlations and Bland‒Altman plots identified metric differences for time use in single movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior), average acceleration and intensity gradient. Regression models across the four metrics were used to explore differences in 24-hour movement behaviors (24h-MBs; compositional variable) as for exploration of associations with cardiometabolic variables. RESULTS Movement behavior data from 213 Belgian adults (mean age 45.8±10.8 years, 68.5% female) differed according to the metric used, with ENMO representing the most sedentary movement behavior profile and CPM vector magnitude representing the most active profile. Compliance rates for meeting integrated 24h-MBs guidelines varied from 0-25% depending on the metric used. Furthermore, the strength and direction of associations between movement behavior features and cardiometabolic variables (body mass index, waist circumference, fat% and HbA1c) differed by the choice of metric. CONCLUSION The metric used during data processing markedly influenced cut-point dependent time use estimates and cut-point independent average acceleration and intensity gradient, impacting guideline compliance and associations with cardiometabolic variables. Consideration is necessary when comparing findings from accelerometry studies to inform public health guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Willems
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Verbestel
- Department of Health Promotion, Research Institute of Nutrition and Translation Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patrick Calders
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics & Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital & Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Hadier SG, Yinghai L, Long L, Hamdani SD, Hamdani SMZH. Mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness on association of physical activity and physical literacy among 8-12 years old children: the PAK-IPPL cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1383670. [PMID: 39346638 PMCID: PMC11427255 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1383670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on the relationship of physical activity (PA), and physical literacy (PL) in 8-12 Pakistani children are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aims to examine the mediating role of CRF in the relationship between PA and PL in this demographic. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 1,360 children aged 8-12 (mean age = 10.00, SD = 1.41 years) from 85 higher secondary schools in South Punjab, Pakistan. Data were collected during the 2020-2021 academic year using the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2 (CAPL-2) protocol to assess physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), and PL levels. CRF was measured using the PACER (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) test. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, Chi-squared tests, and Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) were used for age and sex-specific CAPL-2 scoring. Associations among components were evaluated through Pearson's correlation, multivariate logistic regression, and mediation analyses. Results The study revealed that boys had significantly higher scores in CRF, PA, and PL across all age groups compared to girls (p < 0.001), with boys' scores being 20%, 10%, and 14% higher, respectively, than those of girls. Conversely, overweight children showed significantly reduced PA and PL levels (p < 0.001). An inverse correlation was found between BMI and CRF (r 2 linear = 0.022; quadratic = 0.028). CRF scores had significant negative correlations BMI (r = -0.143) and positive associations with MVPA, PA, DB, and PL (r ranging from 0.241 to 0.624). CRF was observed to partially mediate the association between MVPA and PL. The direct impact of PA on PL was significant and meaningful (β = 0.002, p < .001). Additionally, the indirect effect of PA on PL through CRF was also significant (β = 0.001, p < .001), indicating that CRF serves as an important mediator in this relationship. The combined total effect of PA on PL, which includes both direct and mediated pathways, was robust and highly significant (β = 0.003, p < .001). Conclusion The study revealed a strong positive correlation between CRF, PA, and PL, but a negative one with BMI in South Punjab children aged 8-12. Notably, CRF and PA emerged as significant predictors of PL levels in this population. Consequently, interventions that are both systematic and targeted towards improving these factors should be implemented as strategies to enhance children's PL levels and promote physically active behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ghufran Hadier
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Sports Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Liu Yinghai
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liu Long
- Department of Physical Education, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Syed Danish Hamdani
- Division of Olympic Sports, China Swimming College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- School Education Department, Government of Punjab, Multan, Pakistan
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Fridolfsson J, Ekblom-Bak E, Ekblom Ö, Bergström G, Arvidsson D, Börjesson M. Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50-64 years old. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2023-107451. [PMID: 38997147 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the physical activity (PA) intensity associated with cardiometabolic health when considering the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). METHODS A subsample of males and females aged 50-64 years from the cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study was investigated. PA was measured by accelerometry and CRF by a submaximal cycle test. Cardiometabolic risk factors, including waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides and glycated haemoglobin, were combined to a composite score. A mediation model by partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the role of CRF in the association between PA and the composite score. RESULTS The cohort included 4185 persons (51.9% female) with a mean age of 57.2 years. CRF mediated 82% of the association between PA and the composite score. The analysis of PA patterns revealed that moderate intensity PA explained most of the variation in the composite score, while vigorous intensity PA explained most of the variation in CRF. When including both PA and CRF as predictors of the composite score, the importance of vigorous intensity increased. CONCLUSION The highly interconnected role of CRF in the association between PA and cardiometabolic health suggests limited direct effects of PA on cardiometabolic health beyond its impact on CRF. The findings highlight the importance of sufficient PA intensity for the association with CRF, which in turn is linked to better cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Fridolfsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin Ekblom-Bak
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Västra Götalandsregionen, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Arvidsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
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Agbaje AO. Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity from childhood through young adulthood with progressive cardiac changes: a 13-year longitudinal study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1480-1492. [PMID: 38711312 PMCID: PMC11378265 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Longitudinal evidence on the relationship of sedentary time (ST), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) with changes in cardiac structure and function in the paediatric population is scarce. This evidence is clinically important due to the impact ST can have on the long-term prognosis of healthy young population in the lifetime continuum. This prospective observational study examined the relationships of cumulative ST, LPA, and MVPA from childhood with longitudinal changes in cardiac structure and function. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a secondary analysis from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, UK birth cohort of 1682 children aged 11 years. Participants who had at least one follow-up timepoints accelerometer-measured ST, LPA, and MVPA over a period of 13 years and repeated echocardiography-measured cardiac structure and function at ages 17- and 24-year clinic visit were included. Left ventricular mass indexed for height2.7 (LVMI2.7) and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function from mitral E/A ratio (LVDF) were computed. Among 1682 children (mean [SD] age, 11.75 [0.24] years; 1054 [62.7%] females), the cumulative one-min/day increase in ST from ages 11 to 24 years was associated with progressively increased LVMI2.7 {effect estimate 0.002 g/m2.7 [confidence interval (CI) 0.001-0.003], P < 0.001}, irrespective of sex, obesity, and hypertensive status. Cumulative one-min/day increase in LPA was associated with a decreased LVMI2.7 (-0.005 g/m2.7 [-0.006 to -0.003], P < 0.0001) but an increased LVDF. Cumulative one-minute/day increase in MVPA was associated with progressively increased LVMI2.7 (0.003 g/m2.7 [0.001-0.006], P = 0.015). CONCLUSION ST contributed +40% to the 7-year increase in cardiac mass, MVPA increased cardiac mass by +5%, but LPA reduced cardiac mass by -49%. Increased ST may have long-term pathologic effects on cardiac structure and function during growth from childhood through young adulthood; however, engaging in LPA may enhance cardiac health in the young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Agbaje
- Clinical Epidemiology and Child Health Unit, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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20
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Kekäläinen T, Luchetti M, Terracciano A, Gamaldo AA, Sliwinski MJ, Sutin AR. Momentary Associations Between Physical Activity, Affect, and Purpose in Life. Ann Behav Med 2024:kaae051. [PMID: 39231442 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is associated with both the hedonic (e.g., affect) and eudaimonic (e.g., purpose in life) aspects of well-being. While there is evidence linking momentary physical activity and affect in daily life, the examination of momentary purpose remains largely unexplored. PURPOSE This study investigates the bidirectional associations between physical activity, positive and negative affect, and momentary purpose using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and accelerometer data. METHODS Middle-aged participants (40-70 years old, n = 291) wore accelerometers and completed three daily EMA surveys on momentary experiences for 8 consecutive days. Physical activity (active time and counts) from 20- to 60-min periods before and after EMA surveys were used in the analyses. Multilevel models were adjusted for temporal and contextual factors, age, sex, education, work status, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS When participants were more physically active than usual, they reported feeling more purpose-driven and positive affect. Similarly, when participants reported feeling more purpose-driven or experiencing positive affect, they engaged in more physical activity in the subsequent time period. These associations were similar for physical activity from 20- to 60-min periods before and after the EMA survey. Physical activity and negative affect were not related in either direction. CONCLUSIONS In middle-aged adults' daily lives, physical activity has bidirectional relations with purpose and positive affect. This study highlights the dynamic associations between physical activity and the positive aspects of both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Future interventions or public health programs should integrate physical activity and mental well-being to maximize mutual benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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21
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Islam MR, Nyström CD, Kippler M, Kajantie E, Löf M, Rahman SM, Ekström EC. Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity, Fitness and Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk among Rural Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study at 15-Year Follow-up of the MINIMat Cohort. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:987-1003. [PMID: 38771489 PMCID: PMC11442897 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship of physical activity (PA) and fitness with cardiometabolic risk among rural adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, we examined the associations of PA and fitness with selected cardiometabolic indicators along with potential gender-based differences in a birth cohort of rural adolescents from southeast Bangladesh. METHODS We utilized data from the 15-year follow-up of Maternal and Infant Nutrition Interventions in Matlab (MINIMat) cohort (n = 2253). Wrist-worn ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometers were used to estimate sedentary time (ST) and PA. Fitness was assessed using: handgrip strength, standing long jump, and Chester Step Test. Anthropometric parameters, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and fasting lipid, insulin and glucose levels were measured. We calculated insulin resistance using the Homeostasis Model Assessment equation (HOMA-IR). Linear regression and isotemporal substitution models were fitted. RESULTS The adolescents spent 64 min/day (inter-quartile range: 50-81) in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A 10-minute-per-day higher vigorous PA (VPA) was associated with: 4.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9-6.8%) lower waist circumference (WC), 3.2 mmHg (95% CI: 1.5-4.8) lower SBP, 10.4% (95% CI: 2.9-17.3%) lower TG, and 24.4% (95% CI: 11.3-34.9%) lower HOMA-IR. MVPA showed similar associations of notably smaller magnitude. Except for WC, the associations were more pronounced among the boys. Substituting ST with VPA of equal duration was associated with lower WC, SBP, triglyceride and HOMA-IR. Grip strength was favorably associated with all indicators, displaying considerably large effect sizes. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated beneficial roles of PA- particularly VPA- and muscular fitness in shaping cardiometabolic profile in mid-adolescence. VPA and grip strength may represent potential targets for preventive strategies tailored to adolescents in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Metals and Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital & University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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22
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Drummen SJJ, Aitken D, Balogun S, Bennell KL, Hinman RS, Callisaya ML, Otahal P, Blizzard L, Antony B, Munugoda IP, Winzenberg T, Jones G, Scheepers LEJM. Pre-exercise and acute movement-evoked pain trajectories during a 24-week outdoor walking program for knee osteoarthritis (WALK). OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100481. [PMID: 38883805 PMCID: PMC11176753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exploring (1) pre-exercise and acute movement-evoked pain (AMEP) during an outdoor walking program in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA); and (2) comparing baseline physical performance and AMEP flares initiated by walking between participants with either a higher or lower attendance rate. Methods Individuals with knee OA were prescribed a 24-week walking program, including one unsupervised walk and two supervised walk classes per week. Participants self-reported knee pain on a numerical rating scale (NRS; 0-10) before and after each supervised class. Mixed-effects models were used to investigate trajectories over time for pre-exercise pain and AMEP change (post-minus pre-exercise pain; positive value indicates flare-up). Baseline physical performance (6 tests) and AMEP flares were compared between participants with higher (attending ≥70% of supervised classes) and lower attendance rates. Results Of 24 participants commencing the program, 7 (29%) withdrew. Over 24 weeks, pre-exercise pain improved by 1.20 NRS (95% CI -1.41 to -0.99), with estimated largest per class improvements during the first 8 weeks (-0.05 (-0.06 to -0.03) and plateauing around 20-weeks. The AMEP was estimated to improve by 0.19 NRS (95% CI -0.38 to -0.004) over 24-weeks, with improvements plateauing around 12-weeks. Participants with lower attendance (n = 11) scored poorer on all physical performance tests and experienced a slight increase in AMEP during the first two weeks of the program. Conclusions Participants improved in pre-exercise pain and AMEP in the first 20 and 12 weeks, respectively. Despite supervision, physical performance and AMEP flares may have contributed to lower attendance. Trial registration number 12618001097235.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Aitken
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - S Balogun
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - K L Bennell
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R S Hinman
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M L Callisaya
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Otahal
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - L Blizzard
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - B Antony
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | | | - G Jones
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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23
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Moeller NC, Oestergaard L, Rasmussen MGB, Schmidt-Persson J, Larsen KT, Juhl CB. How to get children moving? The effectiveness of school-based interventions promoting physical activity in children and adolescents - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled- and controlled studies. Health Place 2024; 89:103333. [PMID: 39163765 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the effectiveness of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions on children's and adolescents' PA. As no robust empirical evidence exists regarding what seems to characterize the school-based PA interventions that are most effective, we further aimed to map key factors of particular importance when trying to increase PA in early stages of life through school-based strategies. Intervention effects were calculated as standardized between-group (i.e., intervention vs. control) mean differences (SMD) in PA from baseline to follow-up. In total, 189 publications were included. Few studies (7%) were of high quality. Our results demonstrate that school-based interventions only have a small positive effect on children's and adolescents' PA levels. Compared to the effect observed during total day (SMD = 0.27, p < 0.001), a slightly larger effect was observed during school hours (SMD = 0.37, p < 0.001), while no intervention effect was observed during leisure time (SMD = 0.07, p = 0.20). There was a tendency for interventions to be more effective if theoretical frameworks for behavior changes were used in the design phase. The largest effect size was observed when experts from outside school delivered the program (SMD = 0.56, p = 0.01), but training of personnel involved in delivery was the determining factor for program effectiveness as no effect was observed if interventions were delivered primarily by schools' untrained staff (SMD = 0.06, p = 0.61). Intervention effects where larger if parents were involved in the intervention program (parents involved: SMD = 0.35, p < 0.001; parents not involved: SMD = 0.16, p = 0.02). Small positive intervention effects were sustained at long-term follow-up after end of intervention. Overall, the certainty of the evidence of the findings is rated as low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Christian Moeller
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Lars Oestergaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Martin Gillies Banke Rasmussen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Schmidt-Persson
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Kristian Traberg Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Carsten Bogh Juhl
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark; Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.
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24
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Rogers AE, Wichman CS, Schenkelberg MA, Dzewaltowski DA. Inequality in Physical Activity in Organized Group Settings for Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:939-949. [PMID: 39117309 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult-led organized settings for children (eg, classrooms) provide opportunities for physical activity (PA). The structure of setting time may influence inequalities (ie, unequalness) in the distribution of PA. This study examined differences in PA inequality by setting and time-segment purpose in time-segmented organized group settings for children. METHODS PA and setting meetings were assessed using accelerometer and video observation data from school, before-/after-school, and youth club groups (n = 30) for third- through sixth-grade children (n = 699) in 2 rural US communities. Meetings (n = 130) were time-segmented into smaller units (sessions; n = 835). Each session was assigned a purpose code (eg, PA). Accelerometer data were paired with the meetings and sessions, and the Gini coefficient quantified inequality in activity counts and moderate to vigorous PA minutes for each segment. Beta generalized estimating equations examined differences in PA inequality by setting and session purpose. RESULTS Activity count inequality was lowest (P < .05) during youth club meetings (Gini = 0.17, 95% CI, 0.14-0.20), and inequality in moderate to vigorous PA minutes was greatest (P < .01) during school (Gini = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.30-0.38). Organized PA sessions (Gini = 0.20, 95% CI, 0.17-0.23) had lower activity count inequality (P < .0001) than academic (Gini = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.27-0.34), enrichment (Gini = 0.31, 95% CI, 0.27-0.36), and nonactive recreation (Gini = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.25-0.34) sessions. Inequality in moderate to vigorous PA minutes was lower (P < .05) in organized PA (Gini = 0.26, 95% CI, 0.20-0.32) and free play (Gini = 0.28, 95% CI, 0.19-0.39) than other sessions. CONCLUSIONS PA inequality differed by setting time structure, with lower inequality during organized PA sessions. The Gini coefficient can illuminate PA inequalities in organized settings and may inform population PA improvement efforts in rural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Rogers
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Christopher S Wichman
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michaela A Schenkelberg
- School of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David A Dzewaltowski
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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25
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Lai TF, Chang CC, Hsueh MC, Koohsari MJ, Shibata A, Liao Y, Oka K. Association of 24-Hour movement behavior and cognitive function in older Taiwanese adults. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:60-66. [PMID: 38986430 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates how 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, sleep) relate to cognitive performance in older adults. METHODS 213 adults (aged 65+) wore accelerometers to track activity. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Isotemporal substitution analysis examined how replacing one behavior with another affected cognition. RESULTS Increased light physical activity was linked to better cognitive function, whereas longer sleep had a negative impact. Replacing 30 min of sedentary behavior or sleep with light physical activity improved orientation, attention, language, and short-term memory. Substituting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity did not have the same cognitive benefit. CONCLUSION Encouraging older adults to replace sedentary time or excess sleep with light physical activity could support cognitive health and potentially help prevent dementia. These findings have implications for public health strategies promoting cognitive well-being in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Fu Lai
- Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Japan; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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26
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Qiao YS, Blackwell TL, Cawthon PM, Coen PM, Cummings SR, Distefano G, Farsijani S, Forman DE, Goodpaster BH, Kritchevsky SB, Mau T, Toledo FGS, Newman AB, Glynn NW. Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:621-630. [PMID: 38341136 PMCID: PMC11282341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age, and physical activity (PA) has been shown to offset these declines in older adults. Yet, many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise interventions. Therefore, we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior (SB) with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle energetics. METHODS As part of the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging, enrolled older adults (n = 879), 810 (age = 76.4 ± 5.0 years old, mean ± SD; 58% women) had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution respirometry of permeabilized myofibers (maximal oxidative phosphorylation (maxOXPHOS)) and in vivo by 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (maximal adenosine triphosphate (ATPmax)). Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior, light activity, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 days. Self-reported sedentary behavior, MVPA, and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire. Linear regression models with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics, as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by MVPA and sedentary behavior. As a sensitivity analysis, we also examined activPAL-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle energetics. RESULTS Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s × mg) higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATPmax after adjusting for age, site/technician, and sex (p < 0.05). Light activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATPmax. Meanwhile, every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s × mg lower maxOXPHOS and 0.006 mM/s lower ATPmax (p < 0.05). Only associations with ATPmax held after further adjusting for socioeconomic status, body mass index, lifestyle factors, and multimorbidity. CHAMPS MVPA and all PA yielded similar associations with maxOXPHOS and ATPmax (p < 0.05), but sedentary behavior did not. Higher activPAL step count was associated with higher maxOXHPOS and ATPmax (p < 0.05), but time spent in sedentary behavior was not. Additionally, age was significantly associated with muscle energetics for men only (p < 0.05); adjusting for time spent in ActiGraph-measured MVPA attenuated the age association with ATPmax by 58% in men. CONCLUSION More time spent in accelerometry-measured or self-reported daily PA, especially MVPA, was associated with higher skeletal muscle energetics. Interventions aimed specifically at increasing higher intensity activity might offer potential therapeutic interventions to slow age-related decline in muscle energetics. Our work also emphasizes the importance of taking PA into consideration when evaluating associations related to skeletal muscle energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Susanna Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Terri L Blackwell
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Samaneh Farsijani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics and Cardiology), University of Pittsburgh; and Geriatrics, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Theresa Mau
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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27
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Reisberg K, Riso EM, Animägi L, Jürimäe J. Longitudinal Relationships of Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Muscular Fitness with Body Fatness in Preschoolers. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:237. [PMID: 39330714 PMCID: PMC11435948 DOI: 10.3390/sports12090237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is still insufficient knowledge about the potential benefits of physical activity and fitness or the adverse impact of sedentary behaviours on body composition at preschool age. Therefore, we aimed to study the relationships of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (ST), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and muscular fitness (MF) with body fat percentage (BF%) in boys and girls. Participants were investigated twice: in the final year of kindergarten, when the boys' median age was 7 years and the girls' median age was 6 years (p = 0.240), and again in the first grade of school. MVPA and ST were measured with an accelerometer, BF% was derived from skinfold thicknesses, CRF was measured with a 20 m shuttle run test, and MF was represented by the mean z-scores from standing long jump and relative upper-limb strength. In girls, higher ST (β = 0.587, p = 0.021) and lower MF (β = -0.231, p = 0.009) at preschool age were related to higher BF% in the first grade of school after adjustment for confounders. MVPA and CRF in preschool children were unrelated to BF% in school among boys and girls. In conclusion, sitting less and having greater muscular fitness at preschool age appear to be beneficial for lower body fatness in the first grade among girls, but not in boys. MVPA and CRF at preschool age are unrelated to body fatness at school age in boys and girls. Our results indicate that girls may especially benefit from decreasing sedentary behaviours and increasing upper- and lower-limb muscular strength at preschool age for a healthy weight profile in the first grade of school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirkke Reisberg
- Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eva-Maria Riso
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Animägi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
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Hayes LD, Berry ECJ, Sanal-Hayes NEM, Sculthorpe NF, Buchan DS, Mclaughlin M, Munishankar S, Tolson D. Body Composition, Vascular Health, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Lung Function, Muscle Architecture, and Physical Activity in People with Young Onset Dementia: A Case-Control Study. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00551-5. [PMID: 39218054 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition, blood pressure, estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), lung function, physical activity, muscle architecture, and endothelial function had not previously been examined in people with young onset dementia. Therefore, the study measured these variables in a young onset dementia group, compared them to age-matched controls. METHODS Estimated VO2max (via the Astrand-Rhyming test), body composition, blood pressure, lung function (via spirometry), muscle architecture (via ultrasonography) and endothelial function (via flow mediated dilation) were assessed. Physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers for 7 days. RESULTS We recruited 33 participants (16 young onset dementia, 17 controls). The young onset dementia group had shorter fascicle lengths of the vastus lateralis, were sedentary for longer over a seven-day period, and completed less moderate-vigorous physical activity than controls (p=0.028, d=0.81; large effect, p=0.029, d=0.54; moderate effect, and p=0.014, d=0.97; large effect, respectively for pairwise comparisons). Pairwise comparisons suggest no differences at the p<0.05 level between young onset dementia and controls for estimated VO2max (despite a moderate effect size [d=0.66]), height, body mass, BMI, blood pressure, light physical activity, lung function, muscle thickness, pennation angle, or endothelial function. CONCLUSION This study highlights differences between people with young onset dementia and controls, underscoring the need for multicomponent exercise interventions. Future interventions should target muscle architecture, increase moderate-vigorous physical activity, and reduce sedentariness, with the goal of improving quality of life and promoting functional independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence D Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ethan C J Berry
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Nilihan E M Sanal-Hayes
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Nicholas F Sculthorpe
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Duncan S Buchan
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie Mclaughlin
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, P.E. and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Moray House School of Education and Sport, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ, UK
| | - Sowmya Munishankar
- Clydesdale CMHT and Young Onset Dementia Service, Clinical Director for Old Age Psychiatry, Foundation Programme Director W10, Enhanced Appraiser, NHS, Lanarkshire
| | - Debbie Tolson
- Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice, University of the West of Scotland
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Rubin DS, Conroy DE, Danilovich MK. Association of Daily Physical Activity With Motivation in Prefrail and Frail Older Adults Living in Retirement Communities. J Aging Phys Act 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39209280 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Older adults living in retirement communities are an understudied population, and the association between their motivation and daily physical activity is unknown. We recruited participants (n = 173) living in a retirement community who completed the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 and wore an activPAL accelerometer to evaluate this relationship. Participants had a median age of 81 years and demonstrated low levels of daily activity with an average step count of 3,637 (±1,965) steps per day and 52 (±25) min of daily stepping time. External motivation was negatively associated with the square root of daily step count (β = -4.57; p < .001) and square root of daily stepping time (β = -0.49; p < .001). Older adults living in retirement communities demonstrated low levels of daily activity, with a negative association between external motivation and daily activity. Strategies are needed to make an active lifestyle supportive and enticing for older adults in these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Rubin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, Penn State College of Health and Human Development, Hershey, PA, USA
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Hedberg-Graff J, Bezuidenhout L, Krumlinde-Sundholm L, Hallgren J, Moulaee Conradsson D, Hagströmer M. Association between upper limb clinical tests and accelerometry metrics for arm use in daily life in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39192545 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2393801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between upper-limb (UL) clinical tests and UL accelerometry-derived metrics in children with unilateral Cerebral Palsy (CP). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, twenty children with unilateral CP and Manual Ability Classification System level I-III were included. Outcomes of the Assisting Hand Assessment, Box and Block-Test and accelerometry metrics were collected in the clinical setting and in daily life. UL asymmetry index (i.e., the ratio between the well-functioning UL and the affected UL use) was evaluated in different physical activity levels and relative use of UL was evaluated during daily living. Spearman's correlation was used to determine the association between UL clinical tests and accelerometry metrics in a clinical setting and in daily life. RESULTS The strongest negative association was between the Assisting Hand Assessment units and accelerometry metrics during the sedentary time in daily life (rs = -0.64). The asymmetries between ULs were highest during the child's sedentary time (asymmetry index: 45.15) compared to when the child was in light (asymmetry index: 23.97) or higher intensity physical activity (asymmetry index: 13.39). The children used both ULs simultaneously for 44% of the time during daily life. CONCLUSION Accelerometry metrics may provide additional objective information to clinical tests by quantifying the amount of UL movements and the amount of asymmetry between the upper limbs in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hedberg-Graff
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lucian Bezuidenhout
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Jenny Hallgren
- Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - David Moulaee Conradsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professional, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Avcademic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hoydick JF, Johnson ME, Cook HA, Alfikri ZF, Jakicic JM, Piva SR, Chambers AJ, Bell KM. Algorithm Validation for Quantifying ActiGraph™ Physical Activity Metrics in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain and Healthy Controls. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5323. [PMID: 39205017 PMCID: PMC11360344 DOI: 10.3390/s24165323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Assessing physical activity is important in the treatment of chronic conditions, including chronic low back pain (cLBP). ActiGraph™, a widely used physical activity monitor, collects raw acceleration data, and processes these data through proprietary algorithms to produce physical activity measures. The purpose of this study was to replicate ActiGraph™ algorithms in MATLAB and test the validity of this method with both healthy controls and participants with cLBP. MATLAB code was developed to replicate ActiGraph™'s activity counts and step counts algorithms, to sum the activity counts into counts per minute (CPM), and categorize each minute into activity intensity cut points. A free-living validation was performed where 24 individuals, 12 cLBP and 12 healthy, wore an ActiGraph™ GT9X on their non-dominant hip for up to seven days. The raw acceleration data were processed in both ActiLife™ (v6), ActiGraph™'s data analysis software platform, and through MATLAB (2022a). Percent errors between methods for all 24 participants, as well as separated by cLBP and healthy, were all less than 2%. ActiGraph™ algorithms were replicated and validated for both populations, based on minimal error differences between ActiLife™ and MATLAB, allowing researchers to analyze data from any accelerometer in a manner comparable to ActiLife™.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan F. Hoydick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (Z.F.A.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Marit E. Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Harold A. Cook
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (Z.F.A.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Zakiy F. Alfikri
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (Z.F.A.); (A.J.C.)
| | - John M. Jakicic
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sara R. Piva
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - April J. Chambers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (Z.F.A.); (A.J.C.)
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kevin M. Bell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (Z.F.A.); (A.J.C.)
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Tanaka C, Tremblay MS, Tanaka S. Gender differences in the proportion of Japanese parents meeting 24-h movement guidelines and associations with weight status. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24142. [PMID: 39138620 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parents' healthy behaviors are important for both their health and role models for their children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate adherence to the three recommendations associated with health in the Canadian 24-h movement or Japanese physical activity (PA) guidelines and their relationship with weight status (underweight or obesity) in Japanese parents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 425 mothers and 237 fathers. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as: ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (Canada) or at least 60 min/day of MVPA (Japan), ≤8 h/day of sedentary time which includes ≤3 h of recreational screen time, and 7 to 9 h/night of sleep. MVPA and sedentary time were accelerometer-determined while screen time and sleep duration were self-reported. RESULTS The prevalence of mothers meeting all three recommendations was 30.6% using Canadian PA guidelines and 20.7% using Japanese PA guidelines, while that of fathers was 10.6% and 8.0%, respectively. Mothers not meeting the sedentary behavior recommendation had a lower odds ratio and those not meeting Japanese PA recommendations had a higher odds ratio for underweight compared to mothers meeting the recommendations, adjusted for age and area socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS The screen time recommendation and Japanese PA recommendation were associated with underweight in mothers. None of the recommendations was associated with weight status in fathers. Further research is needed to understand the relationships among movement behaviors and weight status, particularly among Japanese women, whose routine behaviors, such as household activities, may be misclassified by a questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Tanaka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Kagawa Education Institute of Nutrition, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shigeho Tanaka
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Kagawa Education Institute of Nutrition, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
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Zhao T, Liu R, Han Q, Han X, Ren J, Mao M, Lu J, Cong L, Wang Y, Tang S, Du Y, Qiu C. Associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with depressive symptoms in rural-dwelling older adults: a compositional data analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:165. [PMID: 39120630 PMCID: PMC11315720 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the association of sleep duration with depressive symptoms among rural-dwelling older adults in China, and to estimate the impact of substituting sleep with sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) on the association with depressive symptoms. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study included 2001 rural-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 60 years, 59.2% female). Sleep duration was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used accelerometers to assess SB and PA, and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale to assess depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using restricted cubic splines, compositional logistic regression, and isotemporal substitution models. RESULTS Restricted cubic spline curves showed a U-shaped association between daily sleep duration and the likelihood of depressive symptoms (P-nonlinear < 0.001). Among older adults with sleep duration < 7 h/day, reallocating 60 min/day spent on SB and PA to sleep were associated with multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78-0.84) and 0.79 (0.76-0.82), respectively, for depressive symptoms. Among older adults with sleep duration ≥ 7 h/day, reallocating 60 min/day spent in sleep to SB and PA, and reallocating 60 min/day spent on SB to PA were associated with multivariable-adjusted OR of 0.78 (0.74-0.84), 0.73 (0.69-0.78), and 0.94 (0.92-0.96), respectively, for depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a U-shaped association of sleep duration with depressive symptoms in rural older adults and further shows that replacing SB and PA with sleep or vice versa is associated with reduced likelihoods of depressive symptoms depending on sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Mao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China.
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China.
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Aging Research Center, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Osuka Y, Chan LLY, Brodie MA, Okubo Y, Lord SR. A Wrist-Worn Wearable Device Can Identify Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: The UK Biobank Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:105196. [PMID: 39128825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Digital gait biomarkers collected from body-worn devices can remotely and continuously collect movement types, quantity, and quality in real life. This study assessed whether digital gait biomarkers from a wrist-worn device could identify people with frailty in a large sample of middle-aged and older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 5822 middle-aged (43-64 years) and 4344 older adults (65-81 years) who participated in the UK Biobank study. MEASURES Frailty was assessed using a modified Fried's frailty assessment and was defined as having ≥3 of the 5 frailty criteria (weakness, low activity levels, slowness, exhaustion, and weight loss). Fourteen digital gait biomarkers were extracted from accelerometry data collected from wrist-worn sensors worn continuously by participants for up to 7 days. RESULTS A total of 238 (4.1%) of the middle-aged group and 196 (4.5%) of the older group were categorized as frail. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that less daily walking (as assessed by step counts), slower maximum walking speed, and increased step time variability best-identified people with frailty in the middle-aged group [area under the curve (95% CI): 0.70 (0.66-0.73)]. Less daily walking, slower maximum walking speed, increased step time variability, and a lower proportion of walks undertaken with a manual task best-identified people with frailty in the older group [0.73 (0.69-0.76)]. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings indicate that measures obtained from wrist-worn wearable devices worn in everyday life can identify individuals with frailty in both middle-aged and older people. These digital gait biomarkers may facilitate screening programs and the timely implementation of frailty-prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Osuka
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Falls, Balance and Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Lloyd L Y Chan
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Health Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brodie
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Park S, Lee S, Woo S, Webster-Dekker K, Chen W, Veliz P, Larson JL. Sedentary behaviors and physical activity of the working population measured by accelerometry: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2123. [PMID: 39107699 PMCID: PMC11302194 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Too much sedentary behavior (SB) and too little physical activity (PA) place adult workers at risk for chronic illness. It remains unclear which occupations and subgroups within occupations have the highest and lowest SB and PA, and little is known about the effects of organizational factors on these behaviors and metrics. Thus, our main aims were to review and summarize evidence describing daily SB and PA collected using accelerometry across various occupations and to identify organizational factors influencing SB and PA. METHODS A literature search of six databases was performed for relevant studies published through March 2023. Eligible studies were in English, targeted working populations, had a sample size > 75, and objectively measured both SB and PA for seven consecutive days using accelerometers. Following PRISMA guidelines, 5,197 studies were identified, and 19 articles met our inclusion criteria. Five of these studies were included in a meta-analysis comparing time spent in SB, light PA (LPA), and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) across occupations. Methodological quality was assessed using a Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS We found that 63% of the studies reported daily time spent in SB and in MVPA, but fewer reported LPA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA. The average time spent in SB was 553.34 min/day, in LPA was 299.77 min/day, and in MVPA was 33.87 min/day. In occupational subgroup analysis, we observed that office workers had 2.3 h more SB, 2.4 less hours LPA, and 14 min less MVPA per day than nurses. However, most studies either did not specify workers' occupations or grouped occupations. Shift work and workplace facilities significantly influenced SB and PA, but organizational factors affecting these behaviors were not sufficiently investigated (e.g., occupation type, work environment and workplace facilities, and shift work). CONCLUSIONS More research is needed to explore SB and PA patterns within occupational subgroups. Additionally, it is important to explore work-related individual (e.g., job task), interpersonal (e.g., social support from colleagues), organizational (e.g., work policy), and environmental factors influencing SB and PA. Future studies should also investigate the association of these factors with SB and PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Park
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Michigan Society of Fellows, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Sueyeon Lee
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seoyoon Woo
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | | | - Weiyun Chen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Philip Veliz
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Janet L Larson
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Beets MW, Burkart S, Pfledderer C, Adams E, Weaver RG, Armstrong B, Brazendale K, Zhu X, McLain A, Turner-McGrievy B, Pate R, Kaczynski A, Fairchild A, Saelens B, Parker H. Differences in elementary-age children's accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What's UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:86. [PMID: 39107808 PMCID: PMC11304806 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among elementary-aged children (5-12yrs), summer vacation is associated with accelerated gains in Body Mass Index (BMI). A key behavioral driver of BMI gain is a lack of physical activity (PA). Previous studies indicate PA decreases during summer, compared to the school year but whether this difference is consistent among boys and girls, across age, and by income status remains unclear. This study examined differences in school and summer movement behaviors in a diverse cohort of children across three years. METHODS Children (N = 1,203, age range 5-14 years, 48% girls) wore wrist-placed accelerometers for a 14-day wear-period during school (April/May) and summer (July) in 2021 to 2023, for a total of 6 timepoints. Mixed-effects models examined changes in school vs. summer movement behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], sedentary) for boys and girls, separately, and by age and household income groups (low, middle, and upper based on income-to-poverty ratio). RESULTS Children provided a total of 35,435 valid days of accelerometry. Overall, boys (+ 9.1 min/day, 95CI 8.1 to 10.2) and girls (+ 6.2 min/day, 95CI 5.4 to 7.0) accumulated more MVPA during school compared to summer. Boys accumulated less time sedentary (-9.9 min/day, 95CI -13.0 to -6.9) during school, while there was no difference in sedentary time (-2.7 min/day, 95CI -5.7 to 0.4) for girls. Different patterns emerged across ages and income groups. Accumulation of MVPA was consistently greater during school compared to summer across ages and income groups. Generally, the difference between school and summer widened with increasing age, except for girls from middle-income households. Accumulation of sedentary time was higher during school for younger children (5-9yrs), whereas for older children (10-14yrs), sedentary time was greater during summer for the middle- and upper-income groups. For boys from low-income households and girls from middle-income households, sedentary time was consistently greater during summer compared to school across ages. CONCLUSIONS Children are less active and more sedentary during summer compared to school, which may contribute to accelerated BMI gain. However, this differs by biological sex, age, and income. These findings highlight the complex factors influencing movement behaviors between school and summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beets
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Sarah Burkart
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Adams
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - R Glenn Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Xuanxuan Zhu
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Alexander McLain
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Russell Pate
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Andrew Kaczynski
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Amanda Fairchild
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Hannah Parker
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Cowley ES, Watson PM, Paterson C, Wagenmakers AJM, Thompson A, Belton S, Thijssen D, Foweather L. Remote physical activity intervention to promote physical activity and health in adolescent girls (the HERizon project): a multi-arm, pilot randomised trial. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2098. [PMID: 39097706 PMCID: PMC11297741 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging in physical activity (PA) during adolescence is beneficial for health and positive development. However, most adolescent girls have low PA levels, and there is a need for interventions outside of school hours. This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to explore the preliminary effectiveness of three different remote PA interventions in increasing adolescent girls' moderate-to- vigorous PA (MVPA), fitness and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS Girls living in the UK or Ireland, aged between 13 and 16 years old, who wished to increase their activity levels, were eligible for the study. Using a random number generator, participants (n = 153; 14.8y ± 1.4) were randomised into one of three 12-week intervention groups (i) PA programme, (ii) Behaviour change support, or (iii) Combined PA programme and Behaviour change support, or (iv) a Comparison group. Outcome measures included accelerometer and self-reported PA, physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness; 20 m shuttle run, muscular endurance; push up, muscular strength; long jump), and psychosocial assessments (perceived competence; body appreciation; self-esteem; behavioural regulation). Linear mixed models were used to analyse differences between each intervention arm and the comparison group immediately postintervention (12 weeks) and at follow up (3-months post-intervention), while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Participation in the PA programme group was associated with higher perceived competence (0.6, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.2), identified regulation (0.7, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.1) and intrinsic motivation (0.9, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.6) at post-intervention. Participation in the Behaviour change group was associated with higher perceived competence at post-intervention (0.6, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.2), and higher push-up scores at the 3-month follow-up (4.0, 95% CI 0.0 to 7.0). Participation in the Combined group was also associated with higher perceived competence at post-intervention (0.8, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.4), and higher push-up scores at the 3-month follow-up (5.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 8.0). No other significant differences were found between the intervention arms and the comparison group. CONCLUSION Results suggest perceived competence increased across all intervention arms, while the PA programme group enhanced autonomous motivation in the short term. Intervention arms with behaviour change support appear most promising in improving muscular endurance. However, a larger scale trial is needed for a better understanding of between-group differences and the impact of intervention arms on MVPA and fitness, given the small sample size and short-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma S Cowley
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Paula M Watson
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Craig Paterson
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anton J M Wagenmakers
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalized Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dick Thijssen
- Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lawrence Foweather
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Šuc A, Einfalt L, Šarabon N, Kastelic K. Validity and reliability of self-reported methods for assessment of 24-h movement behaviours: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:83. [PMID: 39095778 PMCID: PMC11295502 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour (SB), and physical activity are exhaustive and mutually exclusive parts of a 24-h day that need to be considered in a combination. The aim of this study was to identify validated self-reported tools for assessment of movement behaviours across the whole 24-h day, and to review their attributes and measurement properties. METHODS The databases PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were searched until September 2023. Inclusion criteria were: (i) published in English language, (ii) per-reviewed paper, (iii) assessment of self-reported time spent in sleep, SB, and physical activity, (iv) evaluation of measurement properties of all estimates across the full 24-h day, and (v) inclusion of adolescents, adults, or older adults. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments checklist. RESULTS Our search returned 2064 records. After studies selection, we included 16 articles that reported construct validity and/or test-retest reliability of 12 unique self-reported tools - eight questionnaires, three time-use recalls, and one time-use diary. Most tools enable assessment of time spent in sleep, and domain-specific SB and physical activity, and account that sum of behaviours should be 24 h. Validity (and reliability) correlation coefficients for sleep ranged between 0.22 and 0.69 (0.41 and 0.92), for SB between 0.06 and 0.57 (0.33 and 0.91), for light-intensity physical activity between 0.18 and 0.46 (0.55 and 0.94), and for moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity between 0.38 and 0.56 (0.59 and 0.94). The quality of included studies being mostly fair-to-good. CONCLUSIONS This review found that only a limited number of validated self-reported tools for assessment of 24-h movement behaviours are currently available. Validity and reliability of most tools are generally adequate to be used in epidemiological studies and population surveillance, while little is known about adequacy for individual level assessments and responsiveness to behavioural change. To further support research, policy, and practice, there is a need to develop new tools that resonate with the emerging 24-h movement paradigm and to evaluate measurement properties by using compositional data analysis. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022330868.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Šuc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Lea Einfalt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
- InnoRenew CoE, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Kaja Kastelic
- InnoRenew CoE, Izola, Slovenia.
- Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.
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Letts E, Jakubowski JS, King-Dowling S, Clevenger K, Kobsar D, Obeid J. Accelerometer techniques for capturing human movement validated against direct observation: a scoping review. Physiol Meas 2024; 45:07TR01. [PMID: 38688297 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad45aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Accelerometers are devices commonly used to measure human physical activity and sedentary time. Accelerometer capabilities and analytical techniques have evolved rapidly, making it difficult for researchers to keep track of advances and best practices for data processing and analysis. The objective of this scoping review is to determine the existing methods for analyzing accelerometer data for capturing human movement which have been validated against the criterion measure of direct observation.Approach.This scoping review searched 14 academic and 5 grey databases. Two independent raters screened by title and abstract, then full text. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and checked by an independent reviewer.Mainresults.The search yielded 1039 papers and the final analysis included 115 papers. A total of 71 unique accelerometer models were used across a total of 4217 participants. While all studies underwent validation from direct observation, most direct observation occurred live (55%) or using recordings (42%). Analysis techniques included machine learning (ML) approaches (22%), the use of existing cut-points (18%), receiver operating characteristic curves to determine cut-points (14%), and other strategies including regressions and non-ML algorithms (8%).Significance.ML techniques are becoming more prevalent and are often used for activity identification. Cut-point methods are still frequently used. Activity intensity is the most assessed activity outcome; however, both the analyses and outcomes assessed vary by wear location. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of accelerometer analysis and validation techniques using direct observation and is a useful tool for researchers using accelerometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Letts
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Josephine S Jakubowski
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Sara King-Dowling
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Clevenger
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - Dylan Kobsar
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Joyce Obeid
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Saint-Martin DRF, Barreto KA, Soares EMKVK, Machado MS, Morais CSDS, Barbosa AMB, Nogueira RM, D'Isabel S, Smith DL, Molina GE, Grossi Porto LG. A 7-Month Multidisciplinary Healthy Lifestyle Intervention Effectively Improved Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Firefighters. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:605-614. [PMID: 38603581 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of a 7-month healthy lifestyle intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among male career military firefighters (FFs). METHODS Forty-nine FFs participated in a 7-month workplace multiddisciplinary healthy lifestyle intervention designed to reduce CMRF through exercise, diet, and improved sleep. Medical assessments, accelerometry, and surveys at the beginning and end determined program effectiveness. RESULTS At the end of the intervention period, there was a significant improvement in measures of body composition and blood glucose. The prevalence of hypertension also decreased significantly ( P < 0.01). The 57% of participants who fully adhered to the program had significantly greater improvements across multiple CMRF. Participants increased their physical activity and improved their diet following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS This healthy lifestyle intervention was effective in changing behavior and lowering cardiometabolic risk among FFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rodrigues Ferreira Saint-Martin
- From the Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Brasilia FEF/UnB, Brasilia-DF, Brazil (D.R.F.S.-M., K.A.B., E.M.K.V.K.S., R.M.N., G.E.M., L.G.G.P.); Grupo de Estudos em Fisiologia e Epidemiologia do Exercício e da Atividade Física GEAFS, Brasilia-DF, Brazil (D.R.F.S.-M., K.A.B., E.M.K.V.K.S., R.M.N., G.E.M., L.G.G.P.); Federal District Military Firefighter Brigade CBMDF, Brasilia-DF, Brazil (M.S.M., C.S.d.S.M., A.M.B.B., R.M.N.); and First Responder Health and Safety Lab, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs-NY (S.D'I., D.L.S., E.M.K.V.K.S.)
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Quiles NN, Uher D, Balachandran A, Ortiz A, Garber C. Criterion Validity and Reliability of 2 Brief Physical Activity Questionnaires in Ethnically Diverse Adults. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:787-793. [PMID: 38849119 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study compares moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) as evaluated by the Exercise Vital Signs (EVS) and Physical Activity Vital Signs (PAVS) questionnaires to accelerometry, and evaluates the reliability of the questionnaires in ethnically diverse adults. METHODS Ninety-nine participants (mean age 38.1 y; 49.5% women; Hispanics 43.8%; European American 18.8%; African American 14.6%) were included in the analyses. Participants wore an accelerometer at the hip for at least 7 days and completed the EVS and PAVS questionnaires at the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the 7 days. Associations between the questionnaires and accelerometry were examined using Spearman rho. The reliability of the questionnaires was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient. Sensitivity and specificity were also calculated. RESULTS Weak positive correlations were observed between the accelerometer MVPA and the EVS MVPA at T2 (ρ = .263, P = .013), and the PAVS MVPA at T2 (ρ = .327, P = .003). The sensitivity of the EVS and PAVS was 73.2% and 82.6%, respectively. The specificity for each questionnaire was 35.3%. The reliability for the EVS questionnaire (intraclass correlation coefficient = .855; 95% CI, .791-.901; P < .001) was good, while the reliability of the PAVS questionnaire (intraclass correlation coefficient = .652; 95% CI, .511-.758; P < .001) was moderate. CONCLUSION Caution should be used when utilizing the EVS and PAVS questionnaires in ethnically diverse adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto N Quiles
- Department of Family, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Queens College of the City University of New York (NY), Queens, NY, USA
| | - David Uher
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anoop Balachandran
- Department of Family, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Queens College of the City University of New York (NY), Queens, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Ortiz
- Physical Therapy Program, Allen College, Waterloo, IA, USA
- Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carol Garber
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Carrozzo AE, Cornelissen V, Bathke AC, Claes J, Niebauer J, Zimmermann G, Treff G, Kulnik ST. Applying Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity as Single vs Composite Endpoints for Trials of Cardiac Rehabilitation Interventions: Rationale, Use-case, and a Blueprint Method for Sample Size Calculation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1498-1505. [PMID: 38621456 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conceptualize a composite primary endpoint for parallel-group RCTs of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) interventions and to explore its application and statistical efficiency. DESIGN We conducted a statistical exploration of sample size requirements. We combined exercise capacity and physical activity for the composite endpoint (CE), both being directly related to reduced premature mortality in patients with cardiac diseases. Based on smallest detectable and minimal clinically important changes (change in exercise capacity of 15 W and change in physical activity of 10 min/day), the CE combines 2 dichotomous endpoints (achieved/not achieved). To examine statistical efficiency, we compared sample size requirements based on the CE to single endpoints using data from 2 completed CR trials. SETTING Cardiac rehabilitation phase III. PARTICIPANTS Patients in cardiac rehabilitation. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Exercise capacity (Pmax assessed by incremental cycle ergometry) and physical activity (daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity assessed by accelerometry). RESULTS Expecting, for example, a 10% between-group difference and improvement in the clinical outcome, the CE would increase sample size by up to 21% or 61%, depending on the dataset. When expecting a 10% difference and designing an intervention with the aim of non-deterioration, the CE would allow to reduce the sample size by up to 55% or 70%. CONCLUSIONS Trialists may consider the utility of the CE for future studies in exercise-based CR to reduce sample size requirements. However, perhaps surprisingly at first, the CE could also lead to an increased sample size needed, depending on the observed baseline proportions in the trial population and the aim of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronique Cornelissen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arne C Bathke
- Intelligent Data Analytics (IDA) Lab Salzburg, Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Interface (AIHI), Faculty of Digital and Analytical Sciences, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jomme Claes
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josef Niebauer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria; Institute for Molecular Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; University Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Georg Zimmermann
- Intelligent Data Analytics (IDA) Lab Salzburg, Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Interface (AIHI), Faculty of Digital and Analytical Sciences, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Team Biostatistics and Big Medical Data, IDA Lab Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Research Programme Biomedical Data Science, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gunnar Treff
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria; Institute for Molecular Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Tino Kulnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria
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Suominen TH, Kukko T, Pahkala K, Rovio S, Yang X, Kulmala J, Lounassalo I, Hirvensalo M, Raitakari OT, Tammelin TH, Salin K. Longitudinal associations of participation in organized and unorganized sports in youth with physical activity in mid-adulthood: The Young Finns Study. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:1391-1399. [PMID: 39190830 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2386490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the longitudinal associations between sports participation patterns in youth and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. PA was self-reported triannually between ages 9-18 (n = 2550, 52% females) and measured by accelerometers in mid-adulthood (n = 1002, 61% females, aged 48 ± 4 years). Three latent classes of youth sports participation emerged for both genders: 1) "organized sports" (persistent high PA with regular sports club activities), 2) "unorganized sports" (persistent high PA without sports club activities and 3) "low activity" (low PA with decreasing sports involvement). These groups comprised 29%, 34% and 37% of males, and 23%, 27% and 50% of females, respectively. Youth "organized sports" was associated with higher adult PA in both males (+1166 steps/day, p = 0.012) and females (+15 min/day moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], +1064 steps/day, +1066 leisure-time steps/day; p ≤ 0.005) compared to "low activity". In males, youth "organized sports" was associated with higher adult PA (+1103 steps/day, -26 min/day sedentary time and +133 counts/minute higher total PA, p ≤ 0.039) compared to "unorganized sports". In females, "unorganized sports" in youth was related to higher adult PA (+10 min/day MVPA, p = 0.034) when compared to "low activity". Sustained participation in youth organized sports, and for females, also in unorganized sports, is positively linked with adult PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli H Suominen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kukko
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Rovio
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Janne Kulmala
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Irinja Lounassalo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mirja Hirvensalo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuija H Tammelin
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kasper Salin
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Philippot A, Bleyenheuft Y, Dubois V, Tecco JM, Van Damme T, Vancampfort D. On the road to exercise as medicine for depressive symptoms in young people. Transl Pediatr 2024; 13:1279-1282. [PMID: 39144428 PMCID: PMC11320005 DOI: 10.21037/tp-24-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Philippot
- AREA+ Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Neurosciences, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Vincent Dubois
- AREA+ Psychiatric Units for Adolescents, Epsylon ASBL Psychiatric Network, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juan Martin Tecco
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Psychiatrique de Mons-Borinage (CHUP-MB), Mons, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Tanabe H, Akai M, Hayashi K, Yonemoto K. Relationship between quantitative physical activity and deterioration of locomotive function: a cross-sectional study using baseline data from a cohort. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:601. [PMID: 38997632 PMCID: PMC11245818 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In aged society, health policies aimed at extending healthy life expectancy are critical. Maintaining physical activity is essential to prevent the deterioration of body functions. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical activity levels of the target age group and to know the content and intensity of the required physical activity quantitatively. Especially we focused the role of non-exercise activity thermogenesis and sedentary time, which are emphasized more than the introduction of exercise in cases of obesity or diabetes. METHODS A total of 193 patients from 25 institutions were included. Participants underwent a locomotive syndrome risk test (stand-up test, 2-step test, and Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-25 questionnaire) and were classified into three stages. Physical activity was quantitatively monitored for one week with 3-axial accelerometer. Physical activity was classified into three categories; (1) Sedentary behavior (0 ∼ ≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs)), (2) Light physical activity (LPA:1.6 ∼ 2.9 METs), and (3) Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA: ≥3 METs). We investigated the relationship between physical activity, including the number of steps, and the stages after gender- and age- adjustment. We also investigated the relationship between social isolation using Lubben's Social Network Scale (LSNS), as social isolation would lead to fewer opportunities to go out and less outdoor walking. RESULTS Comparison among the three stages showed significant difference for age (p = 0.007) and Body Mass Index (p < 0.001). After gender-and age-adjustment, there was a significant relation with a decrease in the number of steps (p = 0.002) and with MVPA. However, no relation was observed in sedentary time and LPA. LSNS did not show any statistically significant difference. Moderate to high-intensity physical activity and the number of steps is required for musculoskeletal disorders. The walking, not sedentary time, was associated to the locomotive stages, and this finding indicated the importance of lower extremity exercise. CONCLUSIONS Adjusting for age and gender, the number of steps and moderate to vigorous activity levels were necessary to prevent worsening, and there was no effect of sedentary behavior. Merely reducing sedentary time may be inadequate for locomotive disorders. It is necessary to engage in work or exercise that moves lower extremities more actively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tanabe
- Tanabe Orthopedic Clinic, 3-3-11 Narimasu, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 175-0094, Japan
| | - Masami Akai
- Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan.
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
| | - Koji Yonemoto
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, 903-0125, Japan
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Rogers AE, Wichman CS, Schenkelberg MA, Dzewaltowski DA. Inequality in Children's Physical Activity Across Time-Segmented Youth Sport Practice. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38990545 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2367565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Youth sport (YS) is a community system for promoting children's physical activity (PA). Studies have examined mean PA during YS practices, but few have examined inequalities in the distribution of PA among children during practice time. This study examined PA inequality in time-segmented YS practices and differences in inequality by time segment characteristics. Methods: Children's PA and YS practices were examined using accelerometer and video observation data from a sample of YS teams (n = 36 teams, n = 101 practices) for third- through sixth-grade children (n = 392), approximately eight to 12 years old, in two rural U.S. communities. Practices were time-segmented into smaller units (episodes; n = 991). Episodes were assigned codes for purpose (e.g. warm-up), member arrangement (e.g. whole group), and setting demand (i.e. fosters participation, creates exclusion). Group accelerometer data were paired with episodes, and the Gini coefficient quantified inequality in activity counts and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Beta generalized estimating equations examined the influence of episode structure on PA inequality. Results: Warm-up (Gini = 0.22), fitness (Gini = 0.24), and sport skill (Gini = 0.24) episodes had significantly lower inequality (p < .05) in activity counts than other purpose types. Management (Gini = 0.32) and strategy (Gini = 0.40) episodes had significantly greater inequality (p < .05) in MVPA minutes than other purpose types. Episodes fostering participation (Gini = 0.32) had significantly lower activity count inequality (p < .05) than episodes creating exclusion (Gini = 0.35). Conclusion: PA inequality among children during YS varied by practice structure. Metrics such as the Gini coefficient can illuminate inequalities in PA and may be useful for guiding efforts to improve population PA in children. Trial Registration: This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03380143).
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Pérez-Prieto I, Plaza-Florido A, Ubago-Guisado E, Ortega FB, Altmäe S. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and microbiome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00227-5. [PMID: 39048485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on human health are well known, however, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Growing evidence points to physical activity as an important modulator of the composition and function of microbial communities, while evidence of sedentary behavior is scarce. We aimed to synthesize and meta-analyze the current evidence about the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on microbiome across different body sites and in different populations. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases was conducted until September 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses including cross-sectional studies (active vs. inactive/athletes vs. non-athletes) or trials reporting the chronic effect of physical activity interventions on gut microbiome alpha-diversity in healthy individuals were performed. RESULTS Ninety-one studies were included in this systematic review. Our meta-analyses of 2632 participants indicated no consistent effect of physical activity on microbial alpha-diversity, although there seems to be a trend toward a higher microbial richness in athletes compared to non-athletes. Most of studies reported an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Veillonella or Roseburia in active individuals and after physical activity interventions. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity levels were positively associated with the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. Athletes seem to have a richer microbiome compared to non-athletes. However, high heterogeneity between studies avoids obtaining conclusive information on the role of physical activity in microbial composition. Future multi-omics studies would enhance our understanding of the molecular effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain; Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, UC Irvine School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Esther Ubago-Guisado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lu Y, Li Q, Wang W, Du L, He Q, Chen S, Zhang X, Pan Y. Associations between accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour with physical function among older women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1754. [PMID: 38956531 PMCID: PMC11218370 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationships between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with physical function (PF) among older Chinese women in the community. METHODS The present study comprised 1,113 community-dwelling older females, with an average age of 65 ± 2 years. We employed a linear regression analysis to investigate the relationship between patterns of PA and SB with PF. PA variables consisted of total PA time, bouted PA time (a continuous PA that lasts equal to or more than 10 min), and sporadic PA time (a continuous PA that lasts less than 10 min). SB variables included total SB time, 30-min bout of SB (a continuous SB that lasts equal to or more than 30 min), and 60-min bout of SB (a continuous SB that lasts equal to or more than 60 min). PF variables comprised handgrip strength (HGS), one-legged stance test with eyes closed (OLSTEC), usual walking speed (UWS), maximum walking speed (MWS) and chair-stand time (CT). To explore the joint effects of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and SB on PF, we divided the duration of SB and MVPA participation in older women into different combinations: low MVPA & high SB, low MVPA & low SB, high MVPA & high SB, high MVPA & low SB. RESULTS The study revealed a significant association between 30-min bout of SB and CT, which remained after adjusting for total MVPA time (P = 0.021). Both total MVPA and bouted MVPA were found to be positively associated with better UWS, MWS, CT, and PF Z-score. When the combination of low MVPA & high SB was used as a reference, the regression coefficients for PF ascended by 1.32 (P < 0.001) in the high MVPA & high SB group and by 1.13 (P < 0.001) in the high MVPA & low SB group. CONCLUSIONS A significant association was observed between poorer lower limb function and prolonged, uninterrupted SB in older women, rather than with the total SB time. Concurrently, the insufficient engagement in MVPA may also be a crucial factor contributing to poorer PF in older women. Engaging in longer durations and higher intensity of PA, such as bouts of MVPA lasting a minimum of 10 min or longer, may contribute to better PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Lu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Wenbo Wang
- Zaozhuang Vocational College of Science and Technology, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Litao Du
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang He
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianliang Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Adhikari S, van Rens F, van Nispen RMA, Galna B, Elsman EBM, Poudel M, van Rens GHMB. Differences in Objective Physical Activity Between Children With Visual Impairment and Those With Normal Sight. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:18. [PMID: 39052253 PMCID: PMC11282890 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.7.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare objective physical activity (PA) levels of children with visual impairment (VI) and children with normal sight. Methods One hundred children with VI and 100 age- and gender-matched normal-sighted peers 7 to 17 years of age wore an ActiGraph for 1 week. Activity count per minute (cpm) was modeled using a series of generalized linear mixed-effects models including vision, age, sex, time of day, and vision by time of day interaction. PA outcomes included mean counts per minute and proportion of time spent on sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous intensity PA. Results Data of 83 children with VI and 77 normal-sighted peers were included. Mean counts per minute were lower in children with VI (P < 0.001), especially during and after school. Children with VI were less sedentary (55%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 53-57) than children with normal sight before school (62%; 95% CI, 60-64) and over weekends: children with VI, 41% (95% CI, 39-43); children with normal sight, 45% (95% CI, 43-47). Yet, children with VI were more sedentary during school (36%; 95% CI, 34-37) compared with children with normal sight (30%; 95% CI, 29-32). They also spent more time performing light PA and less time performing moderate PA at school and vigorous PA across all periods of day (P < 0.001). Conclusions Children with VI participated in light and moderate PA but did not perform as much vigorous PA as children with normal sight, especially during school hours. Translational Relevance There is a need to promote more intense PA programs in schools tailored for children with VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Adhikari
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur van Rens
- School of Allied Health (Exercise Science) and Center for Healthy Aging, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Ruth M. A. van Nispen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brook Galna
- School of Allied Health (Exercise Science) and Center for Healthy Aging, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Ellen B. M. Elsman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manish Poudel
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ger H. M. B. van Rens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Karimjee K, Harron RC, Piercy RJ, Daley MA. A standardised approach to quantifying activity in domestic dogs. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:240119. [PMID: 39021771 PMCID: PMC11251761 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Objective assessment of activity via accelerometry can provide valuable insights into dog health and welfare. Common activity metrics involve using acceleration cut-points to group data into intensity categories and reporting the time spent in each category. Lack of consistency and transparency in cut-point derivation makes it difficult to compare findings between studies. We present an alternative metric for use in dogs: the acceleration threshold (as a fraction of standard gravity, 1 g = 9.81 m/s2) above which the animal's X most active minutes are accumulated (MXACC) over a 24-hour period. We report M2ACC, M30ACC and M60ACC data from a colony of healthy beagles (n = 6) aged 3-13 months. To ensure that reference values are applicable across a wider dog population, we incorporated labelled data from beagles and volunteer pet dogs (n = 16) of a variety of ages and breeds. The dogs' normal activity patterns were recorded at 200 Hz for 24 hours using collar-based Axivity-AX3 accelerometers. We calculated acceleration vector magnitude and MXACC metrics. Using labelled data from both beagles and pet dogs, we characterize the range of acceleration outputs exhibited enabling meaningful interpretation of MXACC. These metrics will help standardize measurement of canine activity and serve as outcome measures for veterinary and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Karimjee
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Structure and Motion Laboratory, Department of Comparative Biological Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Rachel C. M. Harron
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Richard J. Piercy
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Monica A. Daley
- Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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