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Twum F, Cowan L, Yu L, Afriyie-Gyawu E, Zhang J. High red blood cell folate is associated with an increased risk of diabetes death among a hypertensive cohort. Nutr Res 2024; 126:204-214. [PMID: 38763110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between folate and diabetes remains inconclusive, possibly because of folate measured differentially between studies. Interference from mandatory folic acid fortification (FAF) has also been blamed. With both folate intake and circulating concentration measured, we assessed the relationship between folate and the risk of diabetes death in a hypertensive cohort established before FAF. We hypothesized that the association between folate and diabetes death is measurement dependent. We analyzed the data of 3133 hypertensive adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1991-1994) and were followed up through December 31, 2010. Hazard ratios of diabetes death were estimated for participants with high (4th quarter) folate compared with those with moderate (2nd and 3rd quarters) or low (1st quarter) concentrations of folate. Dietary folate intake, total folate intake (including folate from supplements), serum, and red blood cell (RBC) folate were measured. After 42,025 person-years of follow-up, 165 diabetes deaths were recorded, and a dose-response positive association was observed between diabetes death and RBC folate. The adjusted hazard ratios of diabetes death were 1.00 (reference), 1.42 (95% CI. 1.20-1.68), and 2.21 (1.73-2.82), respectively, for hypertensive adults with low, moderate, and high RBC folate. No association was detected between diabetes death and serum folate concentration, folate intake, or either dietary intake or total intake. With minimized interference from FAF, neither dietary nor serum folate was associated with diabetes death, but elevated RBC folate was associated with a high risk of diabetes deaths among hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Twum
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA; School of Health Professions, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.
| | - Logan Cowan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Evans Afriyie-Gyawu
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
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Chen Z, Qiu X, Wang Q, Wu J, Li M, Niu W. Serum vitamin D and obesity among US adolescents, NHANES 2011-2018. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1334139. [PMID: 38836246 PMCID: PMC11148364 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1334139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Childhood obesity is highly prevalent worldwide. We aimed to assess whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with general/central obesity among US adolescents, and further to explore the mediatory impact of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) on this association. Methods This study is cross-sectional in design. Study adolescents were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-2018. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D categories associated with general (indexed by body mass index) and central (indexed by waist circumference to height ratio) obesity were regressed. The possible mediatory effect of HOMA-IR on this association was explored. The nonlinear and dose-response association was examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) test. Results Total 2,696 adolescents were eligible for inclusion, and the mean age of all adolescents was 15.4 years. Overall, the percentage of general and central obesity was 38.0% and 38.6%, respectively. Compared with adolescents with sufficient vitamin D, adolescent with deficient and insufficient vitamin D intake were associated with general obesity and central obesity; fully-adjusted OR for general obesity was 1.602 (95% CI: 1.161-2.211) and 1.659 (1.385-1.986), and fully-adjusted OR for central obesity was 2.025 (1.445-2.837) and 1.557 (1.287-1.884), respectively, while there was no observable significance in adolescents with possibly harmful vitamin D. The proportion mediated by HOMA-IR was estimated to be 31.7% for global obesity and 50.3% for central obesity (both P < 0.05). More stratified analyses were presented, and identified that the association with general obesity was particularly present among Mexican American, while with central obesity among Non-Hispanic Black adolescents. Conclusions Our findings indicate that deficient or insufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were associated with the significant risk of general and central obesity among US adolescents, and approximately 30% and 50%, respectively, of these associations were mediated by HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Kayani KF, Rahim MK, Mohammed SJ, Ahmed HR, Mustafa MS, Aziz SB. Recent Progress in Folic Acid Detection Based on Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Sensors: A Review. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03728-3. [PMID: 38625574 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is a water-soluble vitamin found in diverse natural sources and is crucial for preserving human health. The risk of health issues due to FA deficiency underscores the need for a straightforward and sensitive FA detection methodology. Carbon dots (CDs) have gained significant attention owing to their exceptional fluorescence performance, biocompatibility, and easy accessibility. Consequently, numerous research studies have concentrated on developing advanced CD fluorescent probes to enable swift and precise FA detection. Despite these efforts, there is still a requirement for a thorough overview of the efficient synthesis of CDs and their practical applications in FA detection to further promote the widespread use of CDs. This review paper focuses on the practical applications of CD sensors for FA detection. It begins with an in-depth introduction to FA and CDs. Following that, based on various synthetic approaches, the prepared CDs are classified into diverse detection methods, such as single sensing, visual detection, and electrochemical methods. Furthermore, persistent challenges and potential avenues are highlighted for future research to provide valuable insights into crafting effective CDs and detecting FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawan F Kayani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal/Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, 46023, Iraq.
- Department of Pharmacy, Kurdistan Technical Institute, Sulaymaniyah City, Iraq.
| | - Mohammed K Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
| | - Sewara J Mohammed
- Anesthesia department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Harez Rashid Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
- College of Science, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Muhammad S Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street,, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, 46002, Iraq
| | - Shujahadeen B Aziz
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
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Wen J, Fei Y, Yuan L, Li K, Xu Q, Cao X, Su J, Zhu Y, Zhang Z. Analysis of the mediating role of BMI in associations of different folate forms with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in adolescents in the USA: results from the NHANES 2017-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1273580. [PMID: 38116318 PMCID: PMC10728716 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1273580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most studies have explored the relationship between serum total folate and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults, but there has been no study on the relationship between different folate forms and hepatic steatosis or liver stiffness in adolescents. Objective To investigate the association of different folate forms with hepatic steatosis or liver stiffness in adolescents, and further explore the intermediary role of BMI in this relationship. Methods The cross-sectional study included 549 participants from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Inspection Survey (NHANES) survey cycle who had complete data. Four folate data (red blood cell folate, serum total folate, 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate and folic acid) were included in our study. Controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) and liver stiffness came from the results of liver ultrasound transient elastography. We used linear regression to analyze the relationship between different forms of folate and CAP or liver stiffness, and logistic regression to analyze the relationship between different forms of folate and NAFLD or significant fibrosis. We also used restricted cubic splines to analyze the nonlinear relationship between different forms of folate and NAFLD or significant fibrosis. Finally, we used regression-based intermediary analysis to distinguish the direct and BMI-mediated effects of folate on CAP or liver stiffness. All the analyses adjusted the relevant covariates. Results The means of CAP and liver hardness in this study were 223.02dB/m and 5.03kPa, respectively. We found that in model 2, there was a negative correlation between serum total folate (β: -18.53; 95%CI: -29.32 to -7.73) or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (β: -14.13; 95%CI: -28.98 to -7.86) and CAP. However, when the BMI was further adjusted in model 3, this negative correlation no longer existed (serum total folate: β: -8.36; 95%CI: -17.69 to 0.97; 5-methyltetrahydrofolate: β: -8.05; 95%CI: -17.19 to 1.09). Similarly, we found a negative correlation between serum total folate or 5-Methyl-tetrahydrofolate and liver stiffness in model 2. There was no significant correlation between red blood cell folate or folic acid and CAP or liver stiffness in either model 2 or model 3. The nonlinear relationship between different folate forms and NAFLD or significant fibrosis was not significant. It is estimated that 76% of the total association between serum total folate and CAP is mediated by BMI. The mediating proportion of BMI in the total correlation between serum total folate and liver stiffness was 50%. Similarly, we found that BMI significantly mediated the relationship between 5-Methyl-tetrahydrofolate and CAP or liver stiffness, with a mediating ratio of 77% and 49%, respectively. Conclusion Our results show that serum total folate or 5-Methyl-tetrahydrofolate are negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis or liver stiffness in adolescents, and BMI plays major mediating role in this relationship. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring the concentration of serum folate, not just the serum total folate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Wen
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fei
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Xueyan Cao
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Jing Su
- Laboratory of Department of hematology, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Yujing Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhang
- Department of Infection, The Affiliated Suqian first people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, JiangSu, China
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Okuda A, Kintaka Y, Tanabe K, Nakayama T, Shimouchi A, Oku T, Nakamura S. Fructooligosaccharide feeding during gestation to pregnant mice provided excessive folic acid decreases maternal and female fetal oxidative stress by increasing intestinal microbe-derived hydrogen gas. Nutr Res 2023; 120:72-87. [PMID: 37948786 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is fermented by intestinal microbes to generate intestinal microbe-derived hydrogen gas (IMDH). Oxidative stress increases during gestation, whereas hydrogen gas has antioxidant effects with therapeutic benefits. We have previously reported that the offspring from a pregnant, excessive folic acid mouse model (PEFAM) had abnormal glucose metabolism after growth. We hypothesized that IMDH by FOS feeding during gestation in PEFAM would suppress maternal and fetal oxidative stress. C57BL/6J mice on day 1 of gestation were divided into 3 groups and dissected at gestational day 18. The control (CONT) diet was AIN-93G containing folic acid 2 mg/kg diet; PEFAM was fed with an excessive folic acid (EFA) diet containing folic acid 40 mg/kg diet, and the EFA-FOS diet was replaced half of the sucrose in the EFA diet. Hydrogen gas concentrations in maternal livers and whole fetuses in EFA-FOS were significantly higher than those in CONT and EFA, respectively (P < .05). Maternal and fetal 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in EFA-FOS were not significantly different from those in the CONT group, whereas those in the EFA group were significantly increased compared with CONT and EFA-FOS (P < .05). In EFA-FOS, expression of protein and mRNA of superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase 1 in mothers and superoxide dismutase in fetuses were not significantly different from those in CONT, whereas those in EFA were significantly increased (P < .05). The protein expression of Nrf2 in mothers and fetuses were not significantly different between EFA-FOS and CONT. Therefore, FOS feeding to PEFAM during gestation decreases maternal and fetal oxidative stress through IMDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Okuda
- Graduate School of Human Life Sciences, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan.
| | - Yuri Kintaka
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Faculty of School of Health Sciences, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, 2-1-15 Nakanumanishi 4-jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 007-0894, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanabe
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akito Shimouchi
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Oku
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan
| | - Sadako Nakamura
- Graduate School of Human Life Sciences, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan
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Baranauskas M, Kupčiūnaitė I, Lieponienė J, Stukas R. Association between Variation in Body Fat Mass Magnitude and Intake of Nutrients, including Carbohydrates, Fat, and B Vitamins, in a Cohort of Highly Trained Female Athletes. Foods 2023; 12:4152. [PMID: 38002209 PMCID: PMC10670790 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common sports nutrition strategies were constructed not only for maximizing musculoskeletal adaptations to exercise, but also to minimize health risks in athletes. Given the lack of research highlighting the potential effects of the intake of carbohydrates, fats, and B vitamins on body fat percentage in a population of female athletes, this study aimed to elucidate whether the intake of macronutrients and B vitamins could be associated with the variation in body fat percentage in a cohort of professional female athletes. This cross-sectional study was weighted to represent Lithuanian elite female athletes (n = 89). The dietary assessment of the female athletes was carried out using a 3-day dietary recall method. Their body composition was assessed using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. For females, the reported average intakes of energy, carbohydrates, protein, and fat were 2475 kcal/day, 5.1 g/kg/day, 1.5 g/kg/day, and 36.7%, respectively. Excess B vitamin intake was revealed, ranging within plus 1-2 standard deviations (SDs) around the mean requirements. As a consequence, excessive body fat percentage was potentially factored as a negative outcome in maintaining optimal body composition in female athletes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of a sample of female athletes revealed that, despite a slightly positive energy balance (∆ 95 kcal/day), the carbohydrate-deficient diet (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1; 0.7), along with higher intakes of vitamin B1 (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 2.6; 7.8), vitamin B2 (aOR 6.7, 95% CI 1.1; 8.3), and vitamin B3 (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4; 7.8) from food, was associated with a lower percentage of body fat. Therefore, more attention should be given to the intake of B vitamins in professional athletes with a range of body fat mass percentages for the purpose of achieving long-term goals of maintaining body composition and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Baranauskas
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, State Higher Education Institution Panevėžys College, 35200 Panevėžys, Lithuania; (I.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Ingrida Kupčiūnaitė
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, State Higher Education Institution Panevėžys College, 35200 Panevėžys, Lithuania; (I.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Jurgita Lieponienė
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, State Higher Education Institution Panevėžys College, 35200 Panevėžys, Lithuania; (I.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Rimantas Stukas
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Fardous AM, Heydari AR. Uncovering the Hidden Dangers and Molecular Mechanisms of Excess Folate: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4699. [PMID: 37960352 PMCID: PMC10648405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate relationship between excess folate (vitamin B9) intake, especially its synthetic form, namely, folic acid, and its implications on health and disease. While folate plays a pivotal role in the one-carbon cycle, which is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, concerns arise about its excessive intake. The literature underscores potential deleterious effects, such as an increased risk of carcinogenesis; disruption in DNA methylation; and impacts on embryogenesis, pregnancy outcomes, neurodevelopment, and disease risk. Notably, these consequences stretch beyond the immediate effects, potentially influencing future generations through epigenetic reprogramming. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects were examined, including altered one-carbon metabolism, the accumulation of unmetabolized folic acid, vitamin-B12-dependent mechanisms, altered methylation patterns, and interactions with critical receptors and signaling pathways. Furthermore, differences in the effects and mechanisms mediated by folic acid compared with natural folate are highlighted. Given the widespread folic acid supplementation, it is imperative to further research its optimal intake levels and the molecular pathways impacted by its excessive intake, ensuring the health and well-being of the global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Fardous
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Ahmad R. Heydari
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Mercantepe F. Relationship of Vitamin B12 Levels With Different Degrees of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2023; 15:e47352. [PMID: 38021783 PMCID: PMC10657338 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The potential influence of micronutrient status on obesity should be considered. Nevertheless, previous research examining the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity has yielded inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) in a population consisting of persons aged 18 years and older. METHODS A retrospective case-control research was undertaken on a sample of 1024 individuals aged 18 years and older who were admitted to a tertiary healthcare facility (Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Education and Research Hospital, Rize) for either overweight-related issues or routine check-ups. The primary objective of this study was to assess the B12 levels of these individuals. The researcher recorded the body mass index (BMI) and history of DM for all subjects. RESULTS The study comprised a total of 1024 participants, consisting of 834 females and 190 males. The levels of vitamin B12 in women were found to be 308±113 pg/mL, while in men, the levels were 304±125 pg/mL. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that there is no statistically significant disparity in vitamin B12 levels between males and females (p=0.748). There was a statistically significant positive correlation seen between age and B12 levels; however, the magnitude of this connection was found to be minor (p=0.000, R2=0.017). The study findings revealed that out of the 1,024 individuals evaluated, 179 individuals exhibited B12 levels below 200, while 845 individuals displayed vitamin B12 levels above 200. The study findings indicated that there was no statistically significant distinction observed in the occurrence of obesity and DM in relation to vitamin B12 deficiency (p = 0.938, p = 0.08, respectively). CONCLUSION The results of this study offer empirical support for the notion that there is no significant difference in vitamin B12 levels between individuals afflicted with obesity and diabetes and those unaffected by these conditions. Interestingly, it was shown that serum B12 levels exhibited a modest increase with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Mercantepe
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, TUR
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Chen P, Tang L, Song Y, Wang B, Qin X, Zhang N, Wei Y, Xu X, Zhou Z, He Q, Liu L, Siddiqi SM, Huang X, Cheng X, Tang G, Duan Y, Zhou H, Jiang J, Li S. Association of folic acid dosage with circulating unmetabolized folic acid in Chinese adults with H-type hypertension: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1191610. [PMID: 37781132 PMCID: PMC10538967 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1191610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing concern regarding elevated levels of circulating unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) due to excessive intake of folic acid (FA). However, no randomized clinical trial has been conducted to examine the FA-UMFA dose-response relationship. Objective This study aimed to investigate the FA-UMFA dose-response relationship in Chinese adults with hypertension and elevated homocysteine (H-type hypertension), a population with clear clinical indication for FA treatment. Methods The data for this study were derived from a randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial of 8 FA dosages on efficacy of homocysteine (Hcy) lowering. The parent trial had three 3 stages: screening period (2-10 days), run-in period (0-2 weeks, baseline visit), and double-blind treatment period (8 weeks) with follow-up visits at the end of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th weeks of treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to 8 treatment groups corresponding to FA dosages of 0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 mg to 2.4 mg. Results This study included 1,567 Chinese adults aged ≥45 years with H-type hypertension. There was a positive but non-linear association between FA supplementation and UMFA levels in the dosage range of 0 mg to 2.4 mg. In the regression analysis, the coefficients for the linear and quadratic terms of FA dosage were both statistically significant (P < 0.001). Notably, the slope for UMFA was greater for FA dosages >0.8 mg (ß = 11.21, 95% CI: 8.97, 13.45) compared to FA dosages ≤0.8 mg (ß = 2.94, 95% CI: 2.59, 3.29). Furthermore, FA dosages higher than 0.8 mg did not confer additional benefits in terms of increasing 5-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF, active form of folate) or reducing homocysteine (Hcy). Conclusion In Chinese adults with H-type hypertension, this study showed a positive, non-linear, dosage-response relationship between FA supplementation ranging from 0 to 2.4 mg and circulating UMFA levels. It revealed that 0.8 mg FA is an optimal dosage in terms of balancing efficacy (increasing 5-MTHF and lowering Hcy) while minimizing undesirable elevation of UMFA. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03472508?term=NCT03472508&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT03472508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Song
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiangqiang He
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lishun Liu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Genfu Tang
- School of Health Administration, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Houqing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen Y, Xiang L, Luo L, Qin H, Tong S. Correlation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Dietary Folate and Serum Folate in U.S. Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2018. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:389-396. [PMID: 37733056 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem, and dietary intervention is still considered one of the primary interventions. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional associations between dietary and serum levels of folate and NAFLD. Methods: We conducted a study of 7543 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2018. NAFLD status was determined by a fatty liver index (FLI) value ≥60. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between folate and NAFLD. Results: Almost half (45%) of the patients were classified as having NAFLD based on the FLI. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of dietary total folate and food folate were found to have a lower prevalence of NAFLD than those in the lowest quartile [odds ratio (OR)quartile 4 versus 1 = 0.582; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.350-0.968; and ORquartile 4 versus 1 = 0.737; 95% CI = 0.611-0.888, respectively], and the fourth quartile values of serum total folate and 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate were significantly negatively associated with NAFLD prevalence (ORquartile 4 versus 1 = 0.664; 95% CI = 0.495-0.891; and ORquartile 4 versus 1 = 0.712; 95% CI = 0.532-0.954, respectively). Subgroup analyses revealed that this beneficial association was more significant in women (ORquartile 4 versus 1 = 0.526; 95% CI = 0.329-0.843; pinteraction < 0.001) than in men (ORquartile 4 versus 1 = 0.805; 95% CI = 0.546-1.186). Conclusions: Higher dietary folate intake and serum folate levels are associated with a lower NAFLD prevalence among U.S. adults and the trend is more pronounced among women, indicating opportunities for dietary NAFLD interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Xiang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haixia Qin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwen Tong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Ellouze I, Sheffler J, Nagpal R, Arjmandi B. Dietary Patterns and Alzheimer's Disease: An Updated Review Linking Nutrition to Neuroscience. Nutrients 2023; 15:3204. [PMID: 37513622 PMCID: PMC10384681 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing concern for the aging population worldwide. With no current cure or reliable treatments available for AD, prevention is an important and growing area of research. A range of lifestyle and dietary patterns have been studied to identify the most effective preventive lifestyle changes against AD and related dementia (ADRD) pathology. Of these, the most studied dietary patterns are the Mediterranean, DASH, MIND, ketogenic, and modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diets. However, there are discrepancies in the reported benefits among studies examining these dietary patterns. We herein compile a narrative/literature review of existing clinical evidence on the association of these patterns with ADRD symptomology and contemplate their preventive/ameliorative effects on ADRD neuropathology in various clinical milieus. By and large, plant-based dietary patterns have been found to be relatively consistently and positively correlated with preventing and reducing the odds of ADRD. These impacts stem not only from the direct impact of specific dietary components within these patterns on the brain but also from indirect effects through decreasing the deleterious effects of ADRD risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, other psychosocial factors influence dietary intake, such as the social connection, which may directly influence diet and lifestyle, thereby also impacting ADRD risk. To this end, prospective research on ADRD should include a holistic approach, including psychosocial considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Ellouze
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 382, Tunisia;
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA;
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Bahram Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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Salvatte K, Farias DR, Normando P, Berti TL, Castro IRRD, Kac G. High Serum Folate Concentration, Vitamin B12 Deficiency, and Anthropometric Nutritional Status in Brazilian Children Aged 6-59 Months: Data from the Brazilian National Survey of Child Nutrition. J Nutr 2023; 153:2094-2104. [PMID: 37220857 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B12 and folate are key nutrients that help children reach their full potential in growth and development; however, little is known about the status of these vitamins in Brazilian children. OBJECTIVES To describe the serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate, to investigate the association between high folate concentration (HFC) and vitamin B12 deficiency, and to evaluate the association between vitamin B12 and stunting/underweight in Brazilian children aged 6-59 mo. METHODS Data from 7417 children aged 6-59 mo collected during the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition were used. Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 of <150 pmol/L and folate of <10 nmol/L were classified as deficient, and folate concentrations of >45.3 nmol/L were classified as HFC. Children with length/height-for-age z-score of less than -2 were considered stunted, and those with weight-for-age z-score of less than -2 were underweight. Logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS In Brazil, 14.2% (95% CI: 12.2, 16.1) of children aged 6-59 mo had vitamin B12 deficiency, 1.1% (95% CI: 0.5, 1.6) had folate deficiency, and 36.9% (95% CI: 33.4, 40.3) had HFC. Vitamin B12 deficiency was higher in children from the northern region of Brazil (28.5%), between 6 and 24 mo (25.3%), whose mothers had lower formal education (0-7 y; 18.7%). Children with HFC had 62% lower odds (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.54) of vitamin B12 deficiency than those with normal/deficient folate. Children with vitamin B12 deficiency and normal/deficient folate had higher odds of stunting (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.43) than children without vitamin B12 deficiency and normal/deficient folate. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin B12 deficiency is a public health problem among Brazilian children aged <2 y with vulnerable socioeconomic status. HFC was inversely associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, and lower odds of stunting were observed in children with HFC and vitamin B12 deficiency than in those with vitamin B12 deficiency and normal/deficient folate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keronlainy Salvatte
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayana Rodrigues Farias
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Normando
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Talita Lelis Berti
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro
- Department of Social Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Kac
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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13
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Halczuk K, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Karwowski BT, Karmańska A, Cieślak M. Vitamin B12-Multifaceted In Vivo Functions and In Vitro Applications. Nutrients 2023; 15:2734. [PMID: 37375638 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 plays a key role in DNA stability. Research indicates that vitamin B12 deficiency leads to indirect DNA damage, and vitamin B12 supplementation may reverse this effect. Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor for enzymes such as methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which are involved in DNA methylation and nucleotide synthesis. These processes are essential for DNA replication and transcription, and any impairment can result in genetic instability. In addition, vitamin B12 has antioxidant properties that help protect DNA from damage caused by reactive oxygen species. This protection is achieved by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. In addition to their protective functions, cobalamins can also generate DNA-damaging radicals in vitro that can be useful in scientific research. Research is also being conducted on the use of vitamin B12 in medicine as vectors for xenobiotics. In summary, vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient that plays a vital role in DNA stability. It acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the synthesis of nucleotides, has antioxidant properties and has potential value as a generator of DNA-damaging radicals and drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Halczuk
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bolesław T Karwowski
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Karmańska
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Cieślak
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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14
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Sun WX, Shu YP, Yang XY, Huang W, Chen J, Yu NN, Zhao M. Effects of folic acid supplementation in pregnant mice on glucose metabolism disorders in male offspring induced by lipopolysaccharide exposure during pregnancy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7984. [PMID: 37198280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The DOHaD theory suggests that adverse environmental factors in early life may lead to the development of metabolic diseases including diabetes and hypertension in adult offspring through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Folic acid (FA) is an important methyl donor in vivo and participates in DNA replication and methylation. The preliminary experimental results of our group demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 µg/kg/d) exposure during pregnancy could lead to glucose metabolism disorders in male offspring, but not female offspring; however, the effect of folic acid supplementation on glucose metabolism disorders in male offspring induced by LPS exposure remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, pregnant mice were exposed to LPS on gestational day (GD) 15-17 and were given three doses of FA supplementation (2 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, or 40 mg/kg) from mating to lactation to explore its effect on glucose metabolism in male offspring and the potential mechanism. This study confirmed that FA supplementation of 5 mg/kg in pregnant mice improved glucose metabolism in LPS-exposed offspring during pregnancy by regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Xiao Sun
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Ping Shu
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ning-Ning Yu
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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15
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Pei X, Yao J, Ran S, Lu H, Yang S, Zhang Y, Wang M, Shi H, Tan A. Association of serum water-soluble vitamin exposures with the risk of metabolic syndrome: results from NHANES 2003-2006. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167317. [PMID: 37251666 PMCID: PMC10213561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Existing evidence suggests an association between certain vitamins and metabolic syndrome (MetS), but few epidemiological studies have focused on the effects of multivitamin co-exposure on MetS. This study aims to investigate the associations of the individual or multiple water-soluble vitamins (i.e., vitamin C (VC), vitamin B9 (VB9), and vitamin B12 (VB12)) with co-exposure to MetS, as well as the dose-response relationships among them. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by employing the National Health and Examination Surveys (NHANESs) 2003-2006. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to explore the association between individual serum water-soluble vitamins and the risk of MetS and its components, including waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose. Restricted cubic splines were performed to explore the dose-response relationships among them. The quantile g-computation method was adopted to explore the associations of multiple water-soluble vitamins co-exposure with MetS risk and MetS components. Results A total of 8983 subjects were involved in the study, of whom 1443 were diagnosed with MetS. The MetS groups had a higher proportion of participants with age ≥60 years, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, and insufficient physical activity. Compared with the lowest quartile, the third (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.94) and highest quartiles (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.76) of VC were associated with lower MetS risk. Restricted cubic splines showed negative dose-response relationships among VC, VB9 and VB12, and MetS. Regarding MetS components, higher VC quartiles were associated with lower waist circumference, triglyceride, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose, while higher VC and VB9 quartiles were associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Co-exposure to VC, VB9, and VB12 was significantly inversely associated with MetS, with ORs (95% CI) of 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) and 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) in the conditional and marginal structural models, respectively. Furthermore, we found that VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were negatively associated with waist circumference and blood pressure, while VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were positively associated with HDL. Conclusion This study revealed negative associations of VC, VB9, and VB12 with MetS, while the high water-soluble vitamin co-exposure was associated with a lower MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Pei
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Simiao Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haifei Lu
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miyuan Wang
- School of Management Beijing, University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Heyuan Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aihua Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine / Postdoctoral Station of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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16
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Ismail S, Eljazzar S, Ganji V. Intended and Unintended Benefits of Folic Acid Fortification-A Narrative Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081612. [PMID: 37107407 PMCID: PMC10137700 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate folate intake during pregnancy is the leading cause of the development of neural tube defects (NTDs) in newborns. For this reason, mandatory fortification of folic acid, a synthetic, easily bioavailable form, in processed cereals and cereal products has been implemented in the US since 1 January 1998 to reduce the risk of NTD in newborn children. This report aimed to review the literature related to the impact of mandated folic acid fortification on the intended and unintended benefits to health. Potential adverse effects were also discussed. We searched Pubmed, Google Scholar, Embase, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases for reports. About 60 reports published between January 1998 and December 2022 were reviewed, summarized, and served as background for this review. The intended benefit was decreased prevalence of NTDs, while unintended benefits were reduction in anemia, blood serum homocysteine, and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Potential issues with folic acid fortification are the presence of unmetabolized folic acid in circulation, increased risk of cancer, and the masking of vitamin B-12 deficiency. From a health perspective, it is important to monitor the impact of folic acid fortification periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrooq Ismail
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Science, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Sereen Eljazzar
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Science, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Vijay Ganji
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Science, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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17
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Evaluation of the Relationship Between Smoking and Insulin Resistance: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e36684. [PMID: 36987444 PMCID: PMC10039987 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In recent years, there has been a surge in research focusing on the link between smoking and insulin resistance in the context of obesity and diabetes. In this study, our objective was to investigate the relationship between smoking and insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. The case and control groups were formed using the hospital patient information database and clinically randomized using data obtained, including age, gender, height, and weight. The case group for this study consisted of smokers, whereas the control group consisted of non-smokers. Chi-square tests were used to compare numbers and rates, and independent sample t-tests were used for the averages. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed between the case and control groups. Results: According to logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for non-smokers was 0.59 (0.31-1.14). The risk of insulin resistance is decreased by 41% non-significantly in non-smokers. The odds ratio for age was 1.03 (1.01-1.05). When the age variable increases by one unit, the risk of insulin resistance increase by 1.03 times. Conclusion: Our study found no significant relationship between smoking and insulin resistance in healthy individuals. The relationship between smoking and insulin resistance, as reported in the scientific literature, may be suggestive of an association in which smoking exacerbates insulin resistance as a result of other contributing factors rather than serving as a direct causal factor. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this association fully.
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18
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Rayis DA, Karar A, Alshareef SA, Eltayeb R, Adam I. Early pregnancy serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 in overweight and obese women in Khartoum, Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2023; 117:128-131. [PMID: 36219396 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to assess serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 in overweight and obese pregnant women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at Saad Abualila Hospital, Sudan. Clinical data were collected through questionnaires and body mass index (BMI) was computed from weight and height. The serum folate and vitamin B12 levels were analyzed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Of 300 enrolled women, 44.7% were of normal weight, 32.3% were overweight and 3.0% were obese. The folate level was significantly lower in overweight women (median 4.79 ng/ml [IQR 2.70‒7.70]) than in normal-weight women (median 6.650 ng/ml [IQR 3.30‒10.55]; p=0.022). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of marginal and severe folate deficiencies in women in different BMI groups. Compared with normal-weight women (median 197.5 pg/ml [IQR 150.0‒263.0]), obese women (median 173.0 pg/ml [IQR 150.0‒213.0]; p=0.038) had significantly lower vitamin B12 levels and had a higher prevalence of vitamin B12 insufficiency. Fair negative correlations (p<0.01) were observed between folate and BMI (r = -0.157) and between vitamin B12 and BMI (r = -0.173). CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obese pregnant Sudanese women had lower levels of serum folate and vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duria A Rayis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, P. O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ahmed Karar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, P. O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Shimos A Alshareef
- Central laboratory, Ministry of Higher Education, PO Box 498, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Reem Eltayeb
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail 8227, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishag Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 1386, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Association between Vitamin B and Obesity in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030483. [PMID: 36771189 PMCID: PMC9921635 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have found that obese people have lower levels of vitamin B, but most have focused on obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI), and its relationship with other types of obesity is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between vitamin B levels and obesity assessed by different definitions among Chinese middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 887 participants aged 45 years and older (45-82 years). The concentrations of vitamin B (B1, B2, B6, and B9) were measured by robotic dry blood spot extraction systems in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), visceral fat area (VFA), and waist circumference (WC) were used to diagnose obesity. VFA and BF% were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The logistic regression model was used to assess the associations between vitamin B levels and the odds of obesity. RESULTS The average age of all participants was 60.77 (SD 6.33) years. The prevalence of obesity varied from 8.6% to 52.4% depending on different diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for covariates, a negative correlation was observed between vitamin B1 level and obesity according to the criteria of WC, VFA, and BF%, and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.47, 0.52, and 0.46, respectively. When using WC and BF% to define obesity, higher quartiles of vitamin B2 were negatively associated with the odds of obesity (OR: 0.62 and 0.62, respectively). Vitamin B6 was inversely associated with VFA-defined and BF%-defined obesity (OR: 0.64 and 0.64, respectively). When using VFA and BF% to define obesity, a negative correlation was observed in vitamin B9 (OR: 0.61 and 0.67, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin B (B1, B2, B6, and B9) level was negatively related to obesity (defined by WC, VFA, or BF%) in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
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Nutrient Patterns and Its Association and Metabolic Syndrome among Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7-17. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010117. [PMID: 36615775 PMCID: PMC9824394 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the associations between nutrient patterns (NPs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its five components among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-17. The required data of participants were collected from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016-2017. Ultimately, 13,071 participants were included. Nutrient patterns were obtained by means of factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between nutrient patterns with MetS and its components. After adjusting covariates, the results of logistic regression models revealed that high-carbohydrate patterns were associated with the presence of abdominal obesity. The high-animal protein pattern was negatively associated with high triglyceride (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The high-sodium-and-fat pattern had a negative relationship with elevated blood pressure (BP) and was positively associated with low HDL-C. The high-Vitamin D-and-Vitamin B12 pattern had protective effects on MetS, high TG, and low HDL-C. Further large-scale longitudinal investigations are necessary in the future.
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21
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The relationship between anemia and obesity. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:911-926. [PMID: 36189499 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2131521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is linked to a variety of unfavourable outcomes, including anaemia, which is a serious global public health problem. The prevalence of obesity along with anaemia suggests a relationship between obesity and anaemia. Recent studies have demonstrated strong associations between anaemia and obesity, chronic diseases, ageing, hepato-renal impairment, chronic infection, autoimmune diseases, and widespread malignancy. Thus, the intersection point of obesity and anaemia is an important area of attention. AREA COVERED This paper reviews the pathophysiology of obesity and anaemia. Then, It deliberates the relationship between obesity and different types of anaemia and other clinical forms associated with anaemia. EXPERT OPINION Obesity, especially obesity-related to excessive visceral fat distribution, is accompanied by several disturbances at the endothelial, hormonal, and inflammatory levels. These disturbances induce activation of several mechanisms that contribute to the anaemic state. Over-weight patients with chronic anaemias are required to maintain the related vitamins and minerals at optimum levels and appropriate BMI. In addition, a regular clinical follow-up is essential to be scheduled to reduce the risk of complications associated with anaemia in obese patients.
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Khoruddin NA, Lim WF, Teh LK, Noorizhab MNF, Mohd Yusof FZ, Salleh MZ. Toward precision nutrition: A cross‐sectional study on the genetic risks of nutrients deficiencies and eating behaviors among the Orang Asli and Malays. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Khoruddin
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia
| | - Wai Feng Lim
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nur Fakhruzzaman Noorizhab
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
| | - Farida Zuraina Mohd Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Bandar Puncak Alam Malaysia
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The effects of vitamin B12 supplementation on metabolic profile of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14047. [PMID: 35982162 PMCID: PMC9388548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is the first effort to evaluate the effects of vitamin B12 supplementation on the serum level of liver enzymes, homocysteine, grade of hepatic steatosis, and metabolic profiles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Forty patients with NAFLD were enrolled in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to receive either one oral tablet of vitamin B12 (1000 µg cyanocobalamin) or a placebo per day for 12 weeks. We investigated serum levels of homocysteine, aminotransferases, fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The grade of liver steatosis and fibrosis was measured by real-time 2-dimensional shear wave elastography. Vitamin B12 supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of homocysteine compared to placebo (medians: - 2.1 vs. - 0.003 µmol/l; P = 0.038). Although serum alanine transaminase (ALT) in the vitamin B12 group decreased significantly, this change did not reach a significant level compared to the placebo group (medians: - 7.0 vs. 0.0 IU/l; P > 0.05). Despite the significant within-group decrease in FBG, MDA, and liver steatosis in the vitamin B12 group, between-group comparisons did not reveal any significant difference. Vitamin B12 supplementation might decrease serum levels of homocysteine in patients with NAFLD. The fasting blood glucose and serum levels of MDA were significantly improved in the trial group who received vitamin B12. However, these changes did not reach a significant level compared to the placebo group. In this respect, further studies with larger sample sizes, different doses, and types of vitamin B12 will reveal additional evidence.Trial Registration: At http://irct.ir/ as IRCT20120718010333N5 on December 25, 2019.
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Wang X, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Herman WH, Mukherjee B, Park SK. Metals and risk of incident metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort of midlife women in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112976. [PMID: 35202625 PMCID: PMC9869389 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metals may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, evidence from midlife women who are at greater risk of cardiometabolic disease is limited. We assessed the associations of 15 urinary metal concentrations with incident MetS in a prospective cohort of midlife women in the United States. The study population included 947 White, Black, Chinese and Japanese women, aged 45-56 years, free of MetS at baseline (1999-2000), who participated in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study. Fifteen metals were detected in almost all participants urine samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry at the baseline. Incident MetS was identified annually through 2017 as having at least three of the following five components: high blood pressure, impaired fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and poor high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We used the Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the associations between individual metals and MetS incidence. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% CI) for MetS in associations with each doubling of urinary metal concentration were 1.14 (1.08, 1.23) for arsenic, 1.14 (1.01, 1.29) for cobalt, and 1.20 (1.06, 1.37) for zinc. We further evaluated the associations between metal mixtures and MetS using the elastic net penalized Cox model and summarized the results into the environmental risk score (ERS). Arsenic, barium, cobalt, copper, nickel, antimony, thallium, and zinc had positive weights, and cadmium, cesium, mercury, molybdenum, lead, and tin had negative weights in the construction of the ERS. The adjusted HR of MetS comparing 75th vs. 25th percentiles of the ERS was 1.45 (1.13, 1.87). These findings support the view that arsenic, cobalt, zinc, as well as metal mixtures, might influence the risks of incident MetS in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - William H Herman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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25
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A brief review on the recent achievements in electrochemical detection of folic acid. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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The Regulation and Characterization of Mitochondrial-Derived Methylmalonic Acid in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7043883. [PMID: 35656023 PMCID: PMC9155905 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7043883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Methylmalonic acid (MMA) can act as a diagnosis of hereditary methylmalonic acidemia and assess the status of vitamin B12. Moreover, as a new potential biomarker, it has been widely reported to be associated with the progression and prognosis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular events, renal insufficiency, cognitive impairment, and cancer. MMA accumulation may cause oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function, disrupt cellular energy metabolism, and trigger cell death. This review primarily focuses on the mechanisms and epidemiology or progression in the clinical study on MMA.
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Sargazi S, Fatima I, Hassan Kiani M, Mohammadzadeh V, Arshad R, Bilal M, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM, Behzadmehr R. Fluorescent-based nanosensors for selective detection of a wide range of biological macromolecules: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:115-147. [PMID: 35231532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to their unique attributes, such as good sensitivity, selectivity, high surface-to-volume ratio, and versatile optical and electronic properties, fluorescent-based bioprobes have been used to create highly sensitive nanobiosensors to detect various biological and chemical agents. These sensors are superior to other analytical instrumentation techniques like gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis for being biodegradable, eco-friendly, and more economical, operational, and cost-effective. Moreover, several reports have also highlighted their application in the early detection of biomarkers associated with drug-induced organ damage such as liver, kidney, or lungs. In the present work, we comprehensively overviewed the electrochemical sensors that employ nanomaterials (nanoparticles/colloids or quantum dots, carbon dots, or nanoscaled metal-organic frameworks, etc.) to detect a variety of biological macromolecules based on fluorescent emission spectra. In addition, the most important mechanisms and methods to sense amino acids, protein, peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, neurotransmitters, nucleic acids, vitamins, ions, metals, and electrolytes, blood gases, drugs (i.e., anti-inflammatory agents and antibiotics), toxins, alkaloids, antioxidants, cancer biomarkers, urinary metabolites (i.e., urea, uric acid, and creatinine), and pathogenic microorganisms were outlined and compared in terms of their selectivity and sensitivity. Altogether, the small dimensions and capability of these nanosensors for sensitive, label-free, real-time sensing of chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical agents could be used in array-based screening and in-vitro or in-vivo diagnostics. Although fluorescent nanoprobes are widely applied in determining biological macromolecules, unfortunately, they present many challenges and limitations. Efforts must be made to minimize such limitations in utilizing such nanobiosensors with an emphasis on their commercial developments. We believe that the current review can foster the wider incorporation of nanomedicine and will be of particular interest to researchers working on fluorescence technology, material chemistry, coordination polymers, and related research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, 98167-43463 Zahedan, Iran
| | - Iqra Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Maria Hassan Kiani
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Vahideh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad 1313199137, Iran
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol, P. O. Box. 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Razieh Behzadmehr
- Department of Radiology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang J, Guan Y, Xing Y. Early supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 improves insulin resistance in intrauterine growth retardation rats. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:466-473. [PMID: 35558981 PMCID: PMC9085949 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin sensitivity is changed during the neonatal period in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Yet, the interventional strategies are still limited. We aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with high folate and vitamin B12 diets in the early postnatal period on the changes in insulin sensitivity in an intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) rat model. METHODS IUGR rat model was established by both low-protein diet feeding and daily diet restriction. High folate and vitamin B12 diet was supplied in IUGR as nutritional interventional group (IUGR-I), otherwise, the non-intervened IUGR group (IUGR-NI). In this study, male rats were studied in order to avoid hormonal and gender influence. At 21, 60 and 120 days, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and homocysteine levels were measured among the control, IUGR-I, and IUGR-NI groups. Pearson analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between homocysteine and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS We established IUGR rat model by both low protein and restricted diet feeding during pregnancy and the incidence of IUGR pups was 93.33%. There was no difference in fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride and cholesterol levels between the control, the IUGR-NI and the IUGR-I group at day 21. At day 60, insulin, HOMA-IR and triglyceride levels in the IUGR-I group were remarkably lower than those in the IUGR-NI group, but still higher than those in the control group (F=38.34, P=0.02; F=49.48, P=0.02; F=17.93, P<0.001, respectively). At day 120, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and Hcy levels in the IUGR-I group were obviously lower than those in the IUGR-NI group, although still higher than those in the control group (F=21.60, P<0.001; F=164.46, P<0.001; F=75.15, P<0.001; F=35.46, P<0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in triglyceride and cholesterol levels between the IUGR-I group and the control group at day 120. At 120-day, homocysteine in IUGR-I group was highly positively correlated with fasting glucose and HOMA-IR (r=0.863, P=0.006; r=0.725, P=0.042, respectively); Only homocysteine was positively correlated with fasting glucose in IUGR-NI group (r=0.721, P=0.044). CONCLUSIONS Early supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 improved insulin resistance and lipid levels in IUGR rats to some extent, along with decreasing homocysteine levels, but not enough to completely repair glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Guan
- Department of Pulmonary, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Maternal low protein diet and fetal programming of lean type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:185-202. [PMID: 35432755 PMCID: PMC8984567 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is found to be the key factor that determines fetal health in utero and metabolic health during adulthood. Metabolic diseases have been primarily attributed to impaired maternal nutrition during pregnancy, and impaired nutrition has been an immense issue across the globe. In recent years, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached epidemic proportion and is a severe public health problem in many countries. Although plenty of research has already been conducted to tackle T2D which is associated with obesity, little is known regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D, a variant of T2D. Recent studies have focused on the effects of epigenetic variation on the contribution of in utero origins of lean T2D, although other mechanisms might also contribute to the pathology. Observational studies in humans and experiments in animals strongly suggest an association between maternal low protein diet and lean T2D phenotype. In addition, clear sex-specific disease prevalence was observed in different studies. Consequently, more research is essential for the understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D, which might help to develop better disease prevention and treatment strategies. This review examines the role of protein insufficiency in the maternal diet as the central driver of the developmental programming of lean T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyadharan Alukkal Vipin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chellakkan Selvanesan Blesson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chandra Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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The Association between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Advanced Fibrosis with Serological Vitamin B12 Markers: Results from the NHANES 1999-2004. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061224. [PMID: 35334881 PMCID: PMC8948655 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is evidence that vitamin B12 and associated metabolite levels are changed in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, their association has been in dispute. Methods: We included 8397 individuals without previous liver condition or excess alcohol intake from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004. NAFLD was diagnosed with Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥ 60 or USFLI ≥ 30, and participants with advanced fibrosis risks were identified with elevated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4), or aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/platelet ratio index (APRI). Step-wide logistic regression adjusting for confounders was used to detect the association between NAFLD or advanced fibrosis with serum vitamin B12, folate, red blood cell folate (RBC folate), homocysteine (HCY), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). Results: The weighted prevalence of NAFLD was 44.2%. Compared with non-NAFLD participants, patients with NAFLD showed significantly increased RBC folate level and RBC counts, decreased serum vitamin B12 and folate, and similar HCY and MMA levels. NAFLD with advanced fibrosis risk had higher MMA and HCY, reduced serum vitamin B12, and similar serum folate and RBC folate levels than NAFLD with low fibrosis risk. Only RBC folate was independently associated with an increased risk of NAFLD (OR (95% CI): 2.24 (1.58, 3.18)). In all participants, MMA (OR: 1.41 (1.10, 1.80)) and HCY (OR: 2.76 (1.49, 5.11)) were independently associated with increased risk for advanced fibrosis. In participants with NAFLD, this independent association still existed (OR: 1.39 (1.04, 1.85) for MMA and 1.95 (1.09, 3.46) for HCY). In all participants, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) on fibrosis was 0.6829 (0.6828, 0.6831) for MMA and 0.7319 (0.7318, 0.7320) for HCY; in participants with NAFLD, the corresponding ROC AUC was 0.6819 (0.6817, 0.6821) for MMA and 0.6926 (0.6925, 0.6928) for HCY. Conclusion: Among vitamin B12-associated biomarkers, RBC folate was independently associated with elevated NAFLD risk, whereas MMA and HCY were associated with increased risk for advanced fibrosis in the total population and NAFLD participants. Our study highlighted the clinical diagnostic value of vitamin B12 metabolites and the possibility that vitamin B12 metabolism could be a therapeutic target for NASH. Further studies using recent perspective data with biopsy proven NASH could be conducted to validate our results.
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Tajik S, Beitollahi H, Shahsavari S, Nejad FG. Simultaneous and selective electrochemical sensing of methotrexate and folic acid in biological fluids and pharmaceutical samples using Fe 3O 4/ppy/Pd nanocomposite modified screen printed graphite electrode. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132736. [PMID: 34728224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for the detection of methotrexate and folic acid based on a screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) modified with prepared iron oxide (Fe3O4)/polypyrrole (ppy)/Palladium (Pd) nanocomposite. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were employed to characterize the Fe3O4/ppy/Pd nanocomposite. The produced modifier was used to induce a remarkable electrocatalytic impact relative to the oxidation of methotrexate, which caused the potential peak shift to a less positive amount (from 800 mV to about 500 mV) and improved the peak current (from 5.3 μA to about 16 μA). Methotrexate peak current was linearly dependent on its concentration from 0.03100.0 μM and the limit of detection (LOD) was estimated at 7.0 nM. The methotrexate and folic acid were co-detected by the proposed sensor. The experimental results indicated that the oxidation peaks of methotrexate and folic acid were separated about 200 mV in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.0. Fe3O4/ppy/Pd/SPGE was successfully able to detect methotrexate and folic acid in pharmaceutical and biological samples with excellent recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Shahsavari
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Garkani Nejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Antoine D, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Chèvre JC, Hergalant S, Sharma T, Li Z, Rouyer P, Chery C, Halvick S, Bui C, Oussalah A, Ziegler O, Quilliot D, Brunaud L, Guéant JL, Meyre D. Low-frequency Coding Variants Associated With Body Mass Index Affect the Success of Bariatric Surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1074-e1084. [PMID: 34718599 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A recent study identified 14 low-frequency coding variants associated with body mass index (BMI) in 718 734 individuals predominantly of European ancestry. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of 2 genetic scores (GS) with i) the risk of severe/morbid obesity, ii) BMI variation before weight-loss intervention, iii) BMI change in response to an 18-month lifestyle/behavioral intervention program, and iv) BMI change up to 24 months after bariatric surgery. METHODS The 14 low-frequency coding variants were genotyped or sequenced in 342 French adults with severe/morbid obesity and 574 French adult controls from the general population. We built risk and protective GS based on 6 BMI-increasing and 5 BMI-decreasing low-frequency coding variants that were polymorphic in our study. RESULTS While the risk GS was not associated with severe/morbid obesity status, BMI-decreasing low-frequency coding variants were significantly less frequent in patients with severe/morbid obesity than in French adults from the general population. Neither the risk nor the protective GS was associated with BMI before intervention in patients with severe/morbid obesity, nor did they affect BMI change in response to a lifestyle/behavioral modification program. The protective GS was associated with a greater BMI decrease following bariatric surgery. The risk and protective GS were associated with a higher and lower risk of BMI regain after bariatric surgery. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that in populations of European descent, low-frequency coding variants associated with BMI in the general population also affect the outcomes of bariatric surgery in patients with severe/morbid obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlène Antoine
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Claude Chèvre
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Hergalant
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Tanmay Sharma
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zhen Li
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
- Specialized Obesity Center and Endocrinology, Diabetology, department of Nutrition, Brabois Hospital, CHRU of Nancy, 54500 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Rouyer
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Céline Chery
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Halvick
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Bui
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Abderrahim Oussalah
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Ziegler
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
- Specialized Obesity Center and Endocrinology, Diabetology, department of Nutrition, Brabois Hospital, CHRU of Nancy, 54500 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
- Department of Surgery, Endocrine and metabolic surgery, Multidisciplinary unit for obesity surgery (CVMC), University Hospital Centre of Nancy, Brabois Hospital, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Didier Quilliot
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
- Specialized Obesity Center and Endocrinology, Diabetology, department of Nutrition, Brabois Hospital, CHRU of Nancy, 54500 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
- Department of Surgery, Endocrine and metabolic surgery, Multidisciplinary unit for obesity surgery (CVMC), University Hospital Centre of Nancy, Brabois Hospital, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Brunaud
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
- Department of Surgery, Endocrine and metabolic surgery, Multidisciplinary unit for obesity surgery (CVMC), University Hospital Centre of Nancy, Brabois Hospital, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - David Meyre
- Inserm UMR_S1256 Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France
- FHU ARRIMAGE, department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Nutrition, University Hospital Centre of Nancy, 54500 Nancy, France
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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Metabolic Syndrome, Cognitive Impairment and the Role of Diet: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020333. [PMID: 35057514 PMCID: PMC8780484 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This narrative review presents the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), along with its components, and cognition-related disorders, as well as the potential reversal role of diet against cognitive impairment by modulating MetS. Methods: An electronic research in Medline (Pubmed) and Scopus was conducted. Results: MetS and cognitive decline share common cardiometabolic pathways as MetS components can trigger cognitive impairment. On the other side, the risk factors for both MetS and cognitive impairment can be reduced by optimizing the nutritional intake. Clinical manifestations such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and increased central body adiposity are nutrition-related risk factors present during the prodromal period before cognitive impairment. The Mediterranean dietary pattern stands among the most discussed predominantly plant-based diets in relation to cardiometabolic disorders that may prevent dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and other cognition-related disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that the consumption of specific dietary food groups as a part of the overall diet can improve cognitive outcomes, maybe due to their involvement in cardiometabolic paths. Conclusions: Early MetS detection may be helpful to prevent or delay cognitive decline. Moreover, this review highlights the importance of healthy nutritional habits to reverse such conditions and the urgency of early lifestyle interventions.
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Chang TY, Wu CH, Chang CY, Lee FJ, Wang BW, Doong JY, Lin YS, Kuo CS, Huang RFS. Optimal Dietary Intake Composition of Choline and Betaine Is Associated with Minimized Visceral Obesity-Related Hepatic Steatosis in a Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:261. [PMID: 35057441 PMCID: PMC8779168 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies on humans have comprehensively evaluated the intake composition of methyl-donor nutrients (MDNs: choline, betaine, and folate) in relation to visceral obesity (VOB)-related hepatic steatosis (HS), the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. In this case-control study, we recruited 105 patients with HS and 104 without HS (controls). HS was diagnosed through ultrasound examination. VOB was measured using a whole-body analyzer. MDN intake was assessed using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire. After adjustment for multiple HS risk factors, total choline intake was the most significant dietary determinant of HS in patients with VOB (Beta: -0.41, p = 0.01). Low intake of choline (<6.9 mg/kg body weight), betaine (<3.1 mg/kg body weight), and folate (<8.8 μg/kg body weight) predicted increased odds ratios (ORs) of VOB-related HS (choline: OR: 22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5-80; betaine: OR: 14, 95% CI: 4.4-50; and folate: OR: 19, 95% CI: 5.2-74). Combined high intake of choline and betaine, but not folate, was associated with an 81% reduction in VOB-related HS (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.69). Our data suggest that the optimal intake of choline and betaine can minimize the risk of VOB-related HS in a threshold-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Chien-Hsien Wu
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (F.-J.L.)
| | - Fu-Jen Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (F.-J.L.)
| | - Bei-Wen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Yau Doong
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Yu-Shun Lin
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Chang-Sheng Kuo
- Department of Nutrition, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan;
| | - Rwei-Fen S. Huang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
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Chen S, Yang M, Wang R, Fan X, Tang T, Li P, Zhou X, Qi K. Suppression of high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice by dietary folic acid supplementation is linked to changes in gut microbiota. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2015-2031. [PMID: 34993642 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the effects of dietary folic acid supplementation on body weight gain are mediated by gut microbiota in obesity. METHODS Male C57 BL/6J conventional (CV) and germ-free (GF) mice both aged three to four weeks were fed a high-fat diet (HD), folic acid-deficient HD (FD-HD), folic acid-supplement HD (FS-HD) and a normal-fat diet (ND) for 25 weeks. Faecal microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and the mRNA expression of genes was determined by the real-time RT-PCR. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in faeces and plasma were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS In CV mice, HD-induced body weight gain was inhibited by FS-HD, accompanied by declined energy intake, smaller white adipocyte size, and less whitening of brown adipose tissue. Meanwhile, the HD-induced disturbance in the expression of fat and energy metabolism-associated genes (Fas, Atgl, Hsl, Ppar-α, adiponectin, resistin, Ucp2, etc.) in epididymal fat was diminished, and the dysbiosis in faecal microbiota was lessened, by FS-HD. However, in GF mice with HD feeding, dietary folic acid supplementation had almost no effect on body weight gain and the expression of fat- and energy-associated genes. Faecal or plasma SCFA concentrations in CV and GF mice were not altered by either FD-HD or FS-HD feeding. CONCLUSION Dietary folic acid supplementation differently affected body weight gain and associated genes' expression under HD feeding between CV and GF mice, suggesting that gut bacteria might partially share the responsibility for beneficial effects of dietary folate on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Mengyi Yang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiuqin Fan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Tiantian Tang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Ping Li
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xinhui Zhou
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Kemin Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institutue, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No.56 Nan-li-shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
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Associations of Serum Folate and Holotranscobalamin with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Cameroon. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010178. [PMID: 35011051 PMCID: PMC8747568 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A low intake of fruit and vegetables and a high intake of meat are associated with higher cardiometabolic disease risk; however much prior research has relied on subjective methods for dietary assessment and focused on Western populations. We aimed to investigate the association of blood folate as an objective marker of fruit and vegetable intake and holotranscobalamin (holoTC) as a marker of animal-sourced food intake with cardiometabolic risk factors. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on 578 adults (mean ± SD age = 38.2 ± 8.6 years; 64% women). The primary outcome was a continuous metabolic syndrome score. The median serum folate was 12.9 (IQR: 8.6–20.5) nmol/L and the mean holoTC was 75 (SD: 34.3) pmol/L. Rural residents demonstrated higher serum folate concentrations (15.9 (9.8–25.9) nmol/L) than urban residents (11.3 (7.9–15.8) nmol/L), but lower holoTC concentrations (rural: 69.8 (32.9) pmol/L; urban: 79.8 (34.9)) pmol/L, p < 0.001 for both comparisons. There was an inverse association between serum folate and metabolic syndrome score by −0.20 in the z-score (95% CI, −0.38 to −0.02) per 10.8 (1 SD) of folate) in a model adjusted for socio-demographic factors, smoking status, alcohol intake, BMI, and physical activity. HoloTC was positively associated with the metabolic syndrome score in unadjusted analysis (0.33 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.56)) but became non-significant (0.17 (−0.05 to 0.39)) after adjusting for socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. In conclusion, serum folate and holoTC were associated with the metabolic syndrome score in opposite directions. The positive association between serum holoTC and the metabolic syndrome score was partly dependent on sociodemographic characteristics. These findings suggest that, based on these biomarkers reflecting dietary intakes, public health approaches promoting a higher intake of fruit and vegetables may lower cardiometabolic risk factors in this population.
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Alam MS, Saleh MA, Mozibullah M, Riham AT, Solayman M, Gan SH. Computational algorithmic and molecular dynamics study of functional and structural impacts of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human DHFR gene. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 95:107587. [PMID: 34710812 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a conserved enzyme that is central to folate metabolism and is widely targeted in pathogenic diseases as well as cancers. Although studies have reported the fact that genetic mutations in DHFR leads to a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of folate metabolism and drug resistance, there is a lack of an extensive study on how the deleterious non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) disrupt its phenotypic effects. In this study, we aim at discovering the structural and functional consequences of nsSNPs in DHFR by employing a combined computational approach consisting of ten recently developed in silico tools for identification of damaging nsSNPs and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for getting deeper insights into the magnitudes of damaging effects. Our study revealed the presence of 12 most deleterious nsSNPs affecting the native phenotypic effects, with three (R71T, G118D, Y122D) identified in the co-factor and ligand binding active sites. MD simulations also suggested that these three SNPs particularly Y122D, alter the overall structural flexibility and dynamics of the native DHFR protein which can provide more understandings into the crucial roles of these mutants in influencing the loss of DHFR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahed Alam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mozibullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Ashik Tanvir Riham
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Solayman
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Parklands Dr. Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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38
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Guéant JL, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Kosgei VJ, Coelho D. Causes and consequences of impaired methionine synthase activity in acquired and inherited disorders of vitamin B 12 metabolism. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 57:133-155. [PMID: 34608838 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1979459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Methyl-Cobalamin (Cbl) derives from dietary vitamin B12 and acts as a cofactor of methionine synthase (MS) in mammals. MS encoded by MTR catalyzes the remethylation of homocysteine to generate methionine and tetrahydrofolate, which fuel methionine and cytoplasmic folate cycles, respectively. Methionine is the precursor of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), the universal methyl donor of transmethylation reactions. Impaired MS activity results from inadequate dietary intake or malabsorption of B12 and inborn errors of Cbl metabolism (IECM). The mechanisms at the origin of the high variability of clinical presentation of impaired MS activity are classically considered as the consequence of the disruption of the folate cycle and related synthesis of purines and pyrimidines and the decreased synthesis of endogenous methionine and SAM. For one decade, data on cellular and animal models of B12 deficiency and IECM have highlighted other key pathomechanisms, including altered interactome of MS with methionine synthase reductase, MMACHC, and MMADHC, endoplasmic reticulum stress, altered cell signaling, and genomic/epigenomic dysregulations. Decreased MS activity increases catalytic protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and produces imbalanced phosphorylation/methylation of nucleocytoplasmic RNA binding proteins, including ELAVL1/HuR protein, with subsequent nuclear sequestration of mRNAs and dramatic alteration of gene expression, including SIRT1. Decreased SAM and SIRT1 activity induce ER stress through impaired SIRT1-deacetylation of HSF1 and hypomethylation/hyperacetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α), which deactivate nuclear receptors and lead to impaired energy metabolism and neuroplasticity. The reversibility of these pathomechanisms by SIRT1 agonists opens promising perspectives in the treatment of IECM outcomes resistant to conventional supplementation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Guéant
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux), Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Departments of Digestive Diseases and Molecular Medicine and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux), Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Departments of Digestive Diseases and Molecular Medicine and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Viola J Kosgei
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux), Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - David Coelho
- UMR Inserm 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition, Génetique et Exposition aux Risques Environmentaux), Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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da Costa Leite Junior G, Lacerda MD, Alencar TALB, Café M, Giuffrida FMA. Behavior of Iron and Ferritin After Bariatric Surgery in Patients With and Without Hepatic Steatosis. Obes Surg 2021; 31:4761-4766. [PMID: 34341911 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency and hepatic steatosis are common in bariatric surgery patients. Steatosis can falsely elevate ferritin values even in presence of iron deficiency. This study aims to assess the influence of hepatic steatosis on iron deficiency and replacement therapy after bariatric surgery. METHODS Seventy-nine individuals undergoing gastric bypass have been studied at 4 time points (preoperative and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery). Weight, body mass index (BMI), iron, ferritin, vitamin B12, folate, hemoglobin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and use of iron replacement were recorded. RESULTS Forty-two individuals (53%) had moderate/severe steatosis assessed by ultrasound. No differences were seen in iron profile and replacement therapy features compared to individuals with no/mild steatosis both in the preoperative and postoperative periods. Mixed model analysis showed ferritin levels to be higher in the moderate/severe steatosis group than in no/mild steatosis at the 6th month (139 ± 131 vs. 60.9 ± 49.8, p < 0.05). Values in both groups were lower than baseline, with p < 0.0001. The same was observed with serum iron (92.1 ± 39.6 moderate/severe steatosis vs. 68.6 ± 33.4 no/mild steatosis, p < 0.001; p from baseline < 0.01 for both). GGT was higher in moderate/severe steatosis in the 3rd month (38.8 ± 40.5 vs. 28.8 ± 20.8, p < 0.05; p from baseline < 0.0001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Ferritin levels were consistently higher in individuals with steatosis in the follow-up of bariatric surgery, but no apparent implication on the diagnosis of iron deficiency and in the prescription of replacement therapy was demonstrated at 6 months of follow-up. Longer studies are probably necessary to investigate this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson da Costa Leite Junior
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia - UNEB, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, Salvador, BA, CEP: 41.150-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcio Café
- IMC Obesity Center, Hospital Aliança, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Fernando M A Giuffrida
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia - UNEB, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, Salvador, BA, CEP: 41.150-000, Brazil.
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40
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Asbaghi O, Ashtary-Larky D, Bagheri R, Moosavian SP, Olyaei HP, Nazarian B, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Wong A, Candow DG, Dutheil F, Suzuki K, Alavi Naeini A. Folic Acid Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control for Diabetes Prevention and Management: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072355. [PMID: 34371867 PMCID: PMC8308657 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a growing interest in the considerable benefits of dietary supplementations, such as folic acid, on the glycemic profile. We aimed to investigate the effects of folic acid supplementation on glycemic control markers in adults. Methods: Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of folic acid supplementation on glycemic control markers published up to March 2021 were detected by searching online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and ISI web of science, using a combination of related keywords. Mean change and standard deviation (SD) of the outcome measures were used to estimate the mean difference between the intervention and control groups at follow-up. Meta-regression and non-linear dose-response analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between pooled effect size and folic acid dosage (mg/day) and duration of the intervention (week). From 1814 detected studies, twenty-four studies reported fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) as an outcome measure. Results: Results revealed significant reductions in FBG (weighted mean difference (WMD): −2.17 mg/dL, 95% CI: −3.69, −0.65, p = 0.005), fasting insulin (WMD: −1.63 pmol/L, 95% CI: −2.53, −0.73, p < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (WMD: −0.40, 95% CI: −0.70, −0.09, p = 0.011) following folic acid supplementation. No significant effect was detected for HbA1C (WMD: −0.27%, 95% CI: −0.73, 0.18, p = 0.246). The dose-response analysis showed that folic acid supplementation significantly changed HOMA-IR (r = −1.30, p-nonlinearity = 0.045) in non-linear fashion. However, meta-regression analysis did not indicate a linear relationship between dose, duration, and absolute changes in FBG, HOMA-IR, and fasting insulin concentrations. Conclusions: Folic acid supplementation significantly reduces some markers of glycemic control in adults. These reductions were small, which may limit clinical applications for adults with type II diabetes. Further research is necessary to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran;
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Hadi Pourmirzaei Olyaei
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1584743311, Iran;
| | - Behzad Nazarian
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 6813833946, Iran;
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA;
| | - Darren G. Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S OA2, Canada;
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, WittyFit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (A.A.N.)
| | - Amirmansour Alavi Naeini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (A.A.N.)
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Teymoori F, Mokhtari E, Salehi P, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. A nutrient pattern characterized by vitamin A, C, B6, potassium, and fructose is associated with reduced risk of insulin-related disorders: A prospective study among participants of Tehran lipid and glucose study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:12. [PMID: 33499915 PMCID: PMC7836167 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-related disorders, including insulin resistance, insulin insensitivity, and insulinemia, is considered early predictors of major chronic disease risk. Using a set of correlated nutrient as nutrient patterns to explore the diet-disease relationship has drawn more attention recently. We aimed to investigate the association of nutrient patterns and insulin markers' changes prospectively among adults who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). METHODS For the present study, 995 men and women aged 30-75 years, with complete information on insulin and dietary intake in survey III TLGS, were selected and followed three years until survey IV. Dietary intakes at baseline were assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). We extracted five dominant patterns based on the scree plot and categorized them into quartiles. Linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between Nutrient patterns and three-year insulin markers changes, including fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-S. RESULTS The mean (SD) age and BMI of participants (43.1 % male) were 46.2(10.9) year and 28.0(4.7) kg/m2, respectively. The median (IQR, 25, 75) of 3 years changes of insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-S were 0.35 (- 1.71, 2.67) mU/mL, 0.25 (- 0.28, 0.84) and - 6.60 (- 22.8, 7.76), respectively. In the fully adjusted model for potential confounders, per each quartile increment of the fifth nutrient pattern, the β coefficients (95 % CI) of changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-S were - 0.36 (- 0.62, - 0.10); P value = 0.007, -0.10 (-0.19, -0.01); P value = 0.022, and 1.92 (0.18, 3.66); P value = 0.030, respectively. There were no significant association between other nutrient patterns and insulin related indices. CONCLUSIONS Present study showed that high adherence to a nutrient pattern rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, pyridoxine, potassium, and fructose is inversely associated with 3-years changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, and directly associated with HOMA-S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985717413, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985717413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Salehi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985717413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985717413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kshirsagar V, Thingore C, Juvekar A. Insulin resistance: a connecting link between Alzheimer's disease and metabolic disorder. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:67-83. [PMID: 32986168 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked with insulin resistance, as seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin signaling is impaired in AD brains due to insulin resistance, ultimately resulting in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). AD and T2DM are connected at molecular, clinical, and epidemiological levels making it imperative to understand the contribution of T2DM, and other metabolic disorders, to AD pathogenesis. In this review, we have discussed various modalities involved in the pathogenesis of these two diseases and explained the contributing parameters. Insulin is vital for maintaining glucose homeostasis and it plays an important role in regulating inflammation. Here, we have discussed the roles of various contributing factors like miRNA, leptin hormone, neuroinflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and gangliosides in insulin impairment both in AD and T2DM. Understanding these mechanisms will be a big step forward for making molecular therapies that may help maintain or prevent both AD and T2DM, thus reducing the burden of both these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viplav Kshirsagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Near Khalsa college, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Chetan Thingore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Near Khalsa college, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Archana Juvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Near Khalsa college, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India.
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Chen X, Zhang Y, Chen H, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Wang D, Li M, Dou Y, Sun X, Huang G, Yan W. Association of Maternal Folate and Vitamin B 12 in Early Pregnancy With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:217-223. [PMID: 33158950 PMCID: PMC7783943 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of folate and vitamin B12 in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The data of this study were from a subcohort within the Shanghai Preconception Cohort Study. We included pregnancies with red blood cell (RBC) folate and vitamin B12 measurements at recruitment (between 9 and 13 gestational weeks) and those with three samples available for glucose measurements under an oral glucose tolerance test. GDM was diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks' gestation. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI of having GDM was used to quantify the association. RESULTS A total of 1,058 pregnant women were included, and GDM occurred in 180 (17.01%). RBC folate and vitamin B12 were significantly higher in pregnancies with GDM than those without GDM (P values were 0.045 and 0.002, respectively) and positively correlated with 1-h and 2-h serum glucose. Daily folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy increases the risk of GDM; OR (95% CI) was 1.73 (1.19-2.53) (P = 0.004). Compared with RBC folate <400 ng/mL, pregnancies with RBC folate ≥600 ng/mL were associated with ∼1.60-fold higher odds of GDM; the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.58 (1.03-2.41) (P = 0.033). A significant trend of risk effect on GDM risk across categories of RBC folate was observed (P trend = 0.021). Vitamin B12 was significantly associated with GDM risk (OR 1.14 per 100 pg/mL; P = 0.002). No significant association of serum folate and percentile ratio of RBC folate/vitamin B12 with GDM was observed. CONCLUSIONS Higher maternal RBC folate and vitamin B12 levels in early pregnancy are significantly associated with GDM risk, while the balance of folate/vitamin B12 is not significantly associated with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingmei Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengru Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Dou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xupeng Sun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
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Maude H, Sanchez-Cabanillas C, Cebola I. Epigenetics of Hepatic Insulin Resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:681356. [PMID: 34046015 PMCID: PMC8147868 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.681356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is largely recognized as a unifying feature that underlies metabolic dysfunction. Both lifestyle and genetic factors contribute to IR. Work from recent years has demonstrated that the epigenome may constitute an interface where different signals may converge to promote IR gene expression programs. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of epigenetics in hepatic IR, focusing on the roles of DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications. We discuss the broad epigenetic changes observed in the insulin resistant liver and its associated pathophysiological states and leverage on the wealth of 'omics' studies performed to discuss efforts in pinpointing specific loci that are disrupted by these changes. We envision that future studies, with increased genomic resolution and larger cohorts, will further the identification of biomarkers of early onset hepatic IR and assist the development of targeted interventions. Furthermore, there is growing evidence to suggest that persistent epigenetic marks may be acquired over prolonged exposure to disease or deleterious exposures, highlighting the need for preventative medicine and long-term lifestyle adjustments to avoid irreversible or long-term alterations in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inês Cebola
- *Correspondence: Hannah Maude, ; Inês Cebola,
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45
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Liu X, Liu X. Joint effects of mitochondrial DNA4977 deletion and serum folate deficiency on coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3771-3778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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de Sousa Paredes SC, Mota-Garcia F. Prevalence of nutritional deficiencies in bariatric surgery candidates and its effect on metabolic status. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:505-514. [PMID: 32812214 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional deficiencies are common among obese individuals and constitute one of the main concerns in the bariatric field. The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional status in bariatric surgery candidates, comparing individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to explore possible associations between nutritional and metabolic status. METHODS Patients accepted for gastric sleeve surgery between 2010 and 2015 were included and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were recorded before surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied in order to find possible associations between MetS, nutritional, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters. RESULTS A total of 330 patients were evaluated (285 females, mean age of 41.88 ± 10.4 years old, mean body mass index 43.91 ± 6.2 kg/m2) and MetS was present in 47% of them. Patients without MetS presented a higher prevalence of folate deficiency (12 vs. 2%, p < 0.001). Male gender, older age, lower magnesium levels, and higher BMI and calcium levels were predictors of a greater number of MetS components. Male gender, a greater number of MetS components, and lower magnesium were predictors of higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). CONCLUSIONS The rising prevalence of obesity is causing a parallel increase in the use of bariatric surgery. The high occurrence of preoperative nutritional deficiencies can impair metabolic status and contribute to a worse outcome after surgery. Nutritional assessment and improvement before surgery may be crucial to optimize patient status, and future studies should explore the effect of the correction of these deficiencies in the metabolic status of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Cristina de Sousa Paredes
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Braga, Sete Fontes, São Victor, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal.
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Medical Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Mota-Garcia
- Clinical Pathology Department, Hospital de Braga, Sete Fontes, São Victor, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal
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Association between Serum Vitamin B12 and Global DNA Methylation in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113567. [PMID: 33233812 PMCID: PMC7709022 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 has been widely related to methionine metabolism, which is an essential component for biological methylation reactions, including DNA methylation. However, the relationship between vitamin B12 and DNA methylation is still controversial. In addition, there is increasing evidence for the association between vitamin B12 and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), although results of this association need to be assessed with caution. For this purpose, we hypothesized that serum vitamin B12 could be associated with global DNA methylation in the CRC context. To test this hypothesis, we studied the association between global DNA methylation through long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1) in CRC patients under the 25th percentile of serum vitamin B12. We found that the high vitamin B12 group had low LINE1 methylation in both tumor area and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) than the low serum vitamin B12 group. LINE1 methylation levels were significantly lower in tumor area compared to the adjacent tumor-free area, only in the high vitamin B12 group. LINE1 methylation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and PBMCs were correlated with tumoral, inflammatory, and insulin metabolism markers. However, the interaction between LINE1 methylation and vitamin B12 levels was associated with neoadjuvant therapy in the regression analysis only in men, suggesting a beneficial relationship. In conclusion, our results reported an inverse association between DNA methylation and vitamin B12 in the CRC context, which suggests that vitamin B12 may be implicated in an epigenetic state or mediation in CRC.
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48
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Sánchez-Sarasúa S, Fernández-Pérez I, Espinosa-Fernández V, Sánchez-Pérez AM, Ledesma JC. Can We Treat Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8751. [PMID: 33228179 PMCID: PMC7699542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), considered the most common type of dementia, is characterized by a progressive loss of memory, visuospatial, language and complex cognitive abilities. In addition, patients often show comorbid depression and aggressiveness. Aging is the major factor contributing to AD; however, the initial cause that triggers the disease is yet unknown. Scientific evidence demonstrates that AD, especially the late onset of AD, is not the result of a single event, but rather it appears because of a combination of risk elements with the lack of protective ones. A major risk factor underlying the disease is neuroinflammation, which can be activated by different situations, including chronic pathogenic infections, prolonged stress and metabolic syndrome. Consequently, many therapeutic strategies against AD have been designed to reduce neuro-inflammation, with very promising results improving cognitive function in preclinical models of the disease. The literature is massive; thus, in this review we will revise the translational evidence of these early strategies focusing in anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory molecules and discuss their therapeutic application in humans. Furthermore, we review the preclinical and clinical data of nutraceutical application against AD symptoms. Finally, we introduce new players underlying neuroinflammation in AD: the activity of the endocannabinoid system and the intestinal microbiota as neuroprotectors. This review highlights the importance of a broad multimodal approach to treat successfully the neuroinflammation underlying AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana María Sánchez-Pérez
- Neurobiotechnology Group, Department of Medicine, Health Science Faculty, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (S.S.-S.); (I.F.-P.); (V.E.-F.)
| | - Juan Carlos Ledesma
- Neurobiotechnology Group, Department of Medicine, Health Science Faculty, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (S.S.-S.); (I.F.-P.); (V.E.-F.)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between vitamins of the methionine-homocysteine (Hcys) cycle (B6, B12 and folate) and Hcys with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Mesoamerican children and their adult parents. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study. Exposures were plasma vitamins B6 and B12 concentrations, erythrocyte folate and plasma Hcys. In children, the outcome was a continuous metabolic risk score calculated through sex- and age standardisation of waist circumference, the homoeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum HDL-cholesterol and serum TAG. In parents, the outcome was the prevalence of MetS according to the Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria. We estimated mean differences in the metabolic risk score and prevalence ratios of MetS between quartiles of the exposures using multivariable-adjusted linear and Poisson regression models, respectively. SETTING Capital cities of Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica and Chiapas State in Mexico. PARTICIPANTS In total, 237 school-aged children and 524 parents. RESULTS Among children, vitamin B12 was inversely associated with the metabolic risk score (quartiles 4-1 adjusted difference = -0·13; 95 % CI: -0·21, -0·04; Ptrend = 0·008) through MAP, HDL-cholesterol and TAG. In contrast, folate was positively associated with the metabolic risk score (quartiles 4-1 adjusted difference = 0·11; 95 % CI: 0·01, 0·20; Ptrend = 0·02). In adults, vitamin B6 was inversely associated with MetS prevalence, whereas vitamin B12 and folate were positively related to this outcome. CONCLUSIONS Vitamins of the methionine-Hcys cycle are associated with MetS in different directions. The associations differ between children and adults.
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50
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Maruvada P, Stover PJ, Mason JB, Bailey RL, Davis CD, Field MS, Finnell RH, Garza C, Green R, Gueant JL, Jacques PF, Klurfeld DM, Lamers Y, MacFarlane AJ, Miller JW, Molloy AM, O'Connor DL, Pfeiffer CM, Potischman NA, Rodricks JV, Rosenberg IH, Ross SA, Shane B, Selhub J, Stabler SP, Trasler J, Yamini S, Zappalà G. Knowledge gaps in understanding the metabolic and clinical effects of excess folates/folic acid: a summary, and perspectives, from an NIH workshop. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1390-1403. [PMID: 33022704 PMCID: PMC7657327 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate, an essential nutrient found naturally in foods in a reduced form, is present in dietary supplements and fortified foods in an oxidized synthetic form (folic acid). There is widespread agreement that maintaining adequate folate status is critical to prevent diseases due to folate inadequacy (e.g., anemia, birth defects, and cancer). However, there are concerns of potential adverse effects of excess folic acid intake and/or elevated folate status, with the original concern focused on exacerbation of clinical effects of vitamin B-12 deficiency and its role in neurocognitive health. More recently, animal and observational studies have suggested potential adverse effects on cancer risk, birth outcomes, and other diseases. Observations indicating adverse effects from excess folic acid intake, elevated folate status, and unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) remain inconclusive; the data do not provide the evidence needed to affect public health recommendations. Moreover, strong biological and mechanistic premises connecting elevated folic acid intake, UMFA, and/or high folate status to adverse health outcomes are lacking. However, the body of evidence on potential adverse health outcomes indicates the need for comprehensive research to clarify these issues and bridge knowledge gaps. Three key research questions encompass the additional research needed to establish whether high folic acid or total folate intake contributes to disease risk. 1) Does UMFA affect biological pathways leading to adverse health effects? 2) Does elevated folate status resulting from any form of folate intake affect vitamin B-12 function and its roles in sustaining health? 3) Does elevated folate intake, regardless of form, affect biological pathways leading to adverse health effects other than those linked to vitamin B-12 function? This article summarizes the proceedings of an August 2019 NIH expert workshop focused on addressing these research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Maruvada
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick J Stover
- Texas A&M University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University AgriLife, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joel B Mason
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, and School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Cindy D Davis
- Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha S Field
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cutberto Garza
- Professor Emeritus, Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Louis Gueant
- University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Centre of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Paul F Jacques
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutritional Science and Policy and the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M Klurfeld
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety, and Quality, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deborah L O'Connor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Irwin H Rosenberg
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, and School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Barry Shane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Selhub
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutritional Science and Policy and the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Sedigheh Yamini
- Office of Nutrition and Food Labeling, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US FDA, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna Zappalà
- Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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