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Wang Y, Xie K, Wang J, Chen F, Li X, Zhang L. Mendelian randomization demonstrates a causal link between peripheral circulating acylcarnitines and intracranial aneurysms. Neurotherapeutics 2024:e00428. [PMID: 39098392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is the most prevalent type of cerebral vascular disease causing life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). A long-term vascular structure remodeling is considered as the main pathophysiological feature of IAs. However, the causal factors triggering the pathophysiological process are not clear. Recently, the abnormalities of peripheral circulating proteins and metabolites have been found in IAs patients and associated with the ruptures. We comprehensively investigated the potential causal relationship between blood metabolites and proteins and IAs using the mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We applied two-sample MR to explore the potential causal association between peripheral circulating metabolites (191 blood metabolites) and proteins (1398 proteins) and IAs using data from the FinnGen study and the GWAS datasets published by Bakker et al. We identified palmitoylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine and 2-tetradecenoylcarnitine as causal contributors of IAs and ruptures. Further two-step mediation MR analysis suggested that hypertension as one of the contributors of IAs and ruptures mediated the causal relationship between palmitoylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine and 2-tetradecenoylcarnitine and IAs. Together, our study demonstrates that blood metabolic palmitoylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine and 2-tetradecenoylcarnitine are causally linked to the formation and rupture of IAs. Hypertension partially mediates the causal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Kang Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Longbo Zhang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 818 Renmin Street, Wuling District, Changde, Hunan 415003, China; Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Wei Y, Tang W, Mao P, Mao J, Ni Z, Hou K, Valencak TG, Liu D, Ji J, Wang H. Sexually Dimorphic Response to Hepatic Injury in Newborn Suffering from Intrauterine Growth Restriction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403095. [PMID: 38867614 PMCID: PMC11321654 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), when a fetus does not grow as expected, is associated with a reduction in hepatic functionality and a higher risk for chronic liver disease in adulthood. Utilizing early developmental plasticity to reverse the outcome of poor fetal programming remains an unexplored area. Focusing on the biochemical profiles of neonates and previous transcriptome findings, piglets from the same fetus are selected as models for studying IUGR. The cellular landscape of the liver is created by scRNA-seq to reveal sex-dependent patterns in IUGR-induced hepatic injury. One week after birth, IUGR piglets experience hypoxic stress. IUGR females exhibit fibroblast-driven T cell conversion into an immune-adapted phenotype, which effectively alleviates inflammation and fosters hepatic regeneration. In contrast, males experience even more severe hepatic injury. Prolonged inflammation due to disrupted lipid metabolism hinders intercellular communication among non-immune cells, which ultimately impairs liver regeneration even into adulthood. Additionally, Apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) is explored as a novel biomarker by reducing hepatic triglyceride deposition as a protective response against hypoxia in IUGR males. PPARα activation can mitigate hepatic damage and meanwhile restore over-expressed APOA4 to normal in IUGR males. The pioneering study offers valuable insights into the sexually dimorphic responses to hepatic injury during IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Sen Wei
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Wen‐Jie Tang
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Pei‐Yu Mao
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou310006China
| | - Jiang‐Di Mao
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Ni
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Kang‐Wei Hou
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Teresa G. Valencak
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
| | - Da‐Ren Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China
| | - Jun‐Fang Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Hai‐Feng Wang
- College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationHangzhou310000China
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3
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Yang Z, Liu H, Wei J, Liu R, Zhang J, Sun M, Shen C, Liu J, Men K, Chen Y, Yang X, Yu P, Chen L, Tang NJ. Bisphenol mixtures, metal mixtures and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from metabolite profiling. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108921. [PMID: 39098088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the combined effect of bisphenol mixtures and metal mixtures on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, and the mediating roles of metabolites. METHODS The study included 606 pairs of T2DM cases and controls matched by age and sex, and information of participants was collected through questionnaires and laboratory tests. Serum bisphenol and plasma metal concentrations were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Widely targeted metabolomics was employed to obtain the serum metabolomic profiles. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the single associations of bisphenols and metals with T2DM risk after multivariable adjustment. Additionally, the joint effects of bisphenol mixtures and metal mixtures were examined using quantile-based g-computation (QG-C) models. Furthermore, differential metabolites associated with T2DM were identified, and mediation analyses were performed to explore the role of metabolites in the associations of bisphenols and metals with T2DM risk. RESULTS The results showed bisphenol mixtures were associated with an increased T2DM risk, with bisphenol A (BPA) identified as the primary contributor. While the association between metal mixtures and T2DM remained inconclusive, cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) showed the highest weight indices for T2DM risk. A total of 154 differential metabolites were screened between the T2DM cases and controls. Mediation analyses indicated that 9 metabolites mediated the association between BPA and T2DM, while L-valine mediated the association between Zn and T2DM risk. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that BPA, Co, Fe, and Zn were the primary contributors to increased T2DM risk, and metabolites played a mediating role in the associations of BPA and Zn with the risk of T2DM. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the associations of bisphenols and metals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jiemin Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Meiqing Sun
- Wuqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 301700, China
| | - Changkun Shen
- Wuqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 301700, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Wuqing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 301700, China
| | - Kun Men
- Department of Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Lv J, Pan C, Cai Y, Han X, Wang C, Ma J, Pang J, Xu F, Wu S, Kou T, Ren F, Zhu ZJ, Zhang T, Wang J, Chen Y. Plasma metabolomics reveals the shared and distinct metabolic disturbances associated with cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5729. [PMID: 38977723 PMCID: PMC11231153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Risk prediction for subsequent cardiovascular events remains an unmet clinical issue in patients with coronary artery disease. We aimed to investigate prognostic metabolic biomarkers by considering both shared and distinct metabolic disturbance associated with the composite and individual cardiovascular events. Here, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis for 333 incident cardiovascular events and 333 matched controls. The cardiovascular events were designated as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction/stroke and heart failure. A total of 23 shared differential metabolites were associated with the composite of cardiovascular events. The majority were middle and long chain acylcarnitines. Distinct metabolic patterns for individual events were revealed, and glycerophospholipids alteration was specific to heart failure. Notably, the addition of metabolites to clinical markers significantly improved heart failure risk prediction. This study highlights the potential significance of plasma metabolites on tailed risk assessment of cardiovascular events, and strengthens the understanding of the heterogenic mechanisms across different events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Lv
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuping Cai
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Institute of Health Data Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Pang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianzhang Kou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fandong Ren
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Lee AM, Xu Y, Hu J, Xiao R, Hooper SR, Hartung EA, Coresh J, Rhee EP, Vasan RS, Kimmel PL, Warady BA, Furth SL, Denburg MR. Longitudinal Plasma Metabolome Patterns and Relation to Kidney Function and Proteinuria in Pediatric CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 19:837-850. [PMID: 38709558 PMCID: PMC11254025 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Key Points Longitudinal untargeted metabolomics. Children with CKD have a circulating metabolome that changes over time. Background Understanding plasma metabolome patterns in relation to changing kidney function in pediatric CKD is important for continued research for identifying novel biomarkers, characterizing biochemical pathophysiology, and developing targeted interventions. There are a limited number of studies of longitudinal metabolomics and virtually none in pediatric CKD. Methods The CKD in Children study is a multi-institutional, prospective cohort that enrolled children aged 6 months to 16 years with eGFR 30–90 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Untargeted metabolomics profiling was performed on plasma samples from the baseline, 2-, and 4-year study visits. There were technologic updates in the metabolomic profiling platform used between the baseline and follow-up assays. Statistical approaches were adopted to avoid direct comparison of baseline and follow-up measurements. To identify metabolite associations with eGFR or urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) among all three time points, we applied linear mixed-effects (LME) models. To identify metabolites associated with time, we applied LME models to the 2- and 4-year follow-up data. We applied linear regression analysis to examine associations between change in metabolite level over time (∆level) and change in eGFR (∆eGFR) and UPCR (∆UPCR). We reported significance on the basis of both the false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05 and P < 0.05. Results There were 1156 person-visits (N : baseline=626, 2-year=254, 4-year=276) included. There were 622 metabolites with standardized measurements at all three time points. In LME modeling, 406 and 343 metabolites associated with eGFR and UPCR at FDR <0.05, respectively. Among 530 follow-up person-visits, 158 metabolites showed differences over time at FDR <0.05. For participants with complete data at both follow-up visits (n =123), we report 35 metabolites with ∆level–∆eGFR associations significant at FDR <0.05. There were no metabolites with significant ∆level–∆UPCR associations at FDR <0.05. We report 16 metabolites with ∆level–∆UPCR associations at P < 0.05 and associations with UPCR in LME modeling at FDR <0.05. Conclusions We characterized longitudinal plasma metabolomic patterns associated with eGFR and UPCR in a large pediatric CKD population. Many of these metabolite signals have been associated with CKD progression, etiology, and proteinuria in previous CKD Biomarkers Consortium studies. There were also novel metabolite associations with eGFR and proteinuria detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur M. Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yunwen Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rui Xiao
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen R. Hooper
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Erum A. Hartung
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul L. Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bradley A. Warady
- Division of Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Susan L. Furth
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle R. Denburg
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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6
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Fresa K, Catandi GD, Whitcomb L, Gonzalez-Castro RA, Chicco AJ, Carnevale EM. Adiposity in mares induces insulin dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction which can be mitigated by nutritional intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13992. [PMID: 38886475 PMCID: PMC11183153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease associated with augmented risk of metabolic disorder development and cellular dysfunction in various species. The goal of the present study was to investigate the impacts of obesity on the metabolic health of old mares as well as test the ability of diet supplementation with either a complex blend of nutrients designed to improve equine metabolism and gastrointestinal health or L-carnitine alone to mitigate negative effects of obesity. Mares (n = 19, 17.9 ± 3.7 years) were placed into one of three group: normal-weight (NW, n = 6), obese (OB, n = 7) or obese fed a complex diet supplement for 12 weeks (OBD, n = 6). After 12 weeks and completion of sample collections, OB mares received L-carnitine alone for an additional 6 weeks. Obesity in mares was significantly associated with insulin dysregulation, reduced muscle mitochondrial function, and decreased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with greater ROS production when compared to NW. Obese mares fed the complex diet supplement had better insulin sensivity, greater cell lipid metabolism, and higher muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS production than OB. L-carnitine supplementation alone did not significantly alter insulin signaling, but improved lipid metabolism and muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS. In conclusion, obesity is associated with insulin dysregulation and altered skeletal muscle metabolism in older mares. However, dietary interventions are an effective strategy to improve metabolic status and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in older mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Fresa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Giovana D Catandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Luke Whitcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Raul A Gonzalez-Castro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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7
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Hao M, Yi L, Cheng W, Zhu J, Zhao S. Lipidomics analysis reveals new insights into crisp grass carp associated with meat texture. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32179. [PMID: 38868033 PMCID: PMC11168433 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Feeding faba beans to grass carp could crisp its muscle texture to avoid softening, the relationship between texture formation throughout the crisping process and the critical lipids regulating the fish quality has not yet been clarified. Herein, an 60-day nutritional trial and untargeted lipidomic analysis was used to study the changes of lipids in crisp grass carp dorsal muscle. A total of 1036 lipids were remarkably different between ordinary and crisp grass carp. The concentrations of the LPC, LPE, PG, Cer, Hex2Cer, SM, MG and MGMG were positively correlated with hardness and springiness, and the CL, TG, PMe, WE, dMePE and AcCa were negative correlation. High content of lipids involved in storage in ordinary grass carp, such as glycerophospholipids, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acid content. In contrast, high content of membrane components in crisp grass carp, such as monounsaturated fatty acid, sphingolipid and glycerolipids content, and the distribution of PUFA in lipid molecules was related to lipid biosynthesis. This study might provide some insights into improved knowledge of the association between meat texture and lipid molecules in fish fed with faba bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Hao
- College of Biology and Agriculture (College of Food Science and Technology), Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Lanlan Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Junhong Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
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Zhang T, Yan M, Chang M, Hou X, Wang F, Song W, Wang Y, Feng K, Yuan Y, Yue T. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the mechanism of intestinal damage upon acute patulin exposure in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116270. [PMID: 38574645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination has become a major food safety issue and greatly threatens human and animal health. Patulin (PAT), a common mycotoxin in the environment, is exposed through the food chain and damages the gastrointestinal tract. However, its mechanism of enterotoxicity at the genetic and metabolic levels remains to be elucidated. Herein, the intestinal histopathological and biochemical indices, transcriptome, and metabolome of C57BL/6 J mice exposed to different doses of PAT were successively assessed, as well as the toxicokinetics of PAT in vivo. The results showed that acute PAT exposure induced damaged villi and crypts, reduced mucus secretion, decreased SOD and GSH-Px activities, and enhanced MPO activity in the small intestine and mild damage in the colon. At the transcriptional level, the genes affected by PAT were dose-dependently altered in the small intestine and fluctuated in the colon. PAT primarily affected inflammation-related signaling pathways and oxidative phosphorylation in the small intestine and immune responses in the colon. At the metabolic level, amino acids decreased, and extensive lipids accumulated in the small intestine and colon. Seven metabolic pathways were jointly affected by PAT in two intestinal sites. Moreover, changes in PAT products and GST activity were detected in the small intestinal tissue but not in the colonic tissue, explaining the different damage degrees of the two sites. Finally, the integrated results collectively explained the toxicological mechanism of PAT, which damaged the small intestine directly and the colon indirectly. These results paint a clear panorama of intestinal changes after PAT exposure and provide valuable information on the exposure risk and toxic mechanism of PAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Min Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Min Chang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Furong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Wei Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Kewei Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Pochini L, Galluccio M, Console L, Scalise M, Eberini I, Indiveri C. Inflammation and Organic Cation Transporters Novel (OCTNs). Biomolecules 2024; 14:392. [PMID: 38672410 PMCID: PMC11048549 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological condition characterized by a complex interplay between different cells handled by metabolites and specific inflammatory-related molecules. In some pathological situations, inflammation persists underlying and worsening the pathological state. Over the years, two membrane transporters namely OCTN1 (SLC22A4) and OCTN2 (SLC22A5) have been shown to play specific roles in inflammation. These transporters form the OCTN subfamily within the larger SLC22 family. The link between these proteins and inflammation has been proposed based on their link to some chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, Crohn's disease (CD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Moreover, the two transporters show the ability to mediate the transport of several compounds including carnitine, carnitine derivatives, acetylcholine, ergothioneine, and gut microbiota by-products, which have been specifically associated with inflammation for their anti- or proinflammatory action. Therefore, the absorption and distribution of these molecules rely on the presence of OCTN1 and OCTN2, whose expression is modulated by inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors typically activated by inflammation. In the present review, we wish to provide a state of the art on OCTN1 and OCTN2 transport function and regulation in relationships with inflammation and inflammatory diseases focusing on the metabolic signature collected in different body districts and gene polymorphisms related to inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Pochini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Galluccio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Lara Console
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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10
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Huang Y, Lin W, Zheng X. Causal association between 637 human metabolites and ovarian cancer: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:97. [PMID: 38262941 PMCID: PMC10804684 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence suggests a significant association between metabolites and ovarian cancer (OC); however, the causal relationship between the two remains unclear. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effects between different metabolites and OC. METHODS In this study, a total of 637 metabolites were selected as the exposure variables from the Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) database ( http://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/datasets/ ). The OC related GWAS dataset (ieu-b-4963) was chosen as the outcome variable. R software and the TwoSampleMR package were utilized for the analysis in this study. MR analysis employed the inverse variance-weighted method (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median (WM) for regression fitting, taking into consideration potential biases caused by linkage disequilibrium and weak instrument variables. Metabolites that did not pass the tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were considered to have no significant causal effect on the outcome. Steiger's upstream test was used to determine the causal direction between the exposure and outcome variables. RESULTS The results from IVW analysis revealed that a total of 31 human metabolites showed a significant causal effect on OC (P < 0.05). Among them, 9 metabolites exhibited consistent and stable causal effects, which were confirmed by Steiger's upstream test (P < 0.05). Among these 9 metabolites, Androsterone sulfate, Propionylcarnitine, 5alpha-androstan-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate, Total lipids in medium VLDL and Concentration of medium VLDL particles demonstrated a significant positive causal effect on OC, indicating that these metabolites promote the occurrence of OC. On the other hand, X-12,093, Octanoylcarnitine, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, and Cis-4-decenoyl carnitine showed a significant negative causal association with OC, suggesting that these metabolites can inhibit the occurrence of OC. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed the complex effect of metabolites on OC through Mendelian randomization. As promising biomarkers, these metabolites are worthy of further clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedong Huang
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Construction Insititution of China, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Lin
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Disease Research, National Key Gynecology Clinical Specialty Construction Insititution of China, Fuzhou, China.
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11
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Wu L, Ye C, Yao Q, Li Q, Zhang C, Li Y. The role of serum acylcarnitine profiling for the detection of multiple solid tumors in humans. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23867. [PMID: 38205321 PMCID: PMC10776988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an essential hallmark of cancer. Several studies have reported the dysregulation of acylcarnitine (ACar) metabolism in tumor cells, suggesting that changes in the blood ACar may be related to tumor growth. Accordingly, this study aimed to understand the alteration of serum ACar profiles in various solid tumors and explore the potential of differential serum ACars as diagnostic biomarkers. A series of 69 relatively abundant ACars were identified via untargeted analysis. Then, targeted metabolomics was used to describe the metabolic alterations in ACars between normal controls and patients with six types of solid tumors. The results suggested that changes in ACars correlated with their carbon chain length and saturation. The six tumor types had highly similar ACar metabolic profiles, indicating similar fatty acid oxidation (FAO) metabolic pathways. Moreover, the receiver operating curve analysis of differential ACars showed that 16 ACars (C8-C14) had high diagnostic capability towards the studied solid tumors. Specifically, the area under the curve of ACar 10:2 isomer2 and ACar 12:2 isomer2 was greater than 0.95. In conclusion, the marked decrease in the levels of medium- and long-chain ACars (C8-C18) in the six solid tumors suggests that they may have similar FAO-based metabolic pathways, which could afford a common target for cancer therapy. Additionally, 16 ACars (C8-C14) were identified as potential biomarkers for diagnosing six types of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuandong Li
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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12
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Vörösházi J, Mackei M, Sebők C, Tráj P, Márton RA, Horváth DG, Huber K, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Investigation of the effects of T-2 toxin in chicken-derived three-dimensional hepatic cell cultures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1195. [PMID: 38216675 PMCID: PMC10786837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite being one of the most common contaminants of poultry feed, the molecular effects of T-2 toxin on the liver of the exposed animals are still not fully elucidated. To gain more accurate understanding, the effects of T-2 toxin were investigated in the present study in chicken-derived three-dimensional (3D) primary hepatic cell cultures. 3D spheroids were treated with three concentrations (100, 500, 1000 nM) of T-2 toxin for 24 h. Cellular metabolic activity declined in all treated groups as reflected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity was increased after 500 nM T-2 toxin exposure. The levels of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl were reduced by the toxin, suggesting effective antioxidant compensatory mechanisms of the liver. Concerning the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 concentration was decreased, while IL-8 concentration was increased by 100 nM T-2 toxin exposure, indicating the multifaceted immunomodulatory action of the toxin. Further, the metabolic profile of hepatic spheroids was also modulated, confirming the altered lipid and amino acid metabolism of toxin-exposed liver cells. Based on these results, T-2 toxin affected cell viability, hepatocellular metabolism and inflammatory response, likely carried out its toxic effects by affecting the oxidative homeostasis of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary.
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Dávid Géza Horváth
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Korinna Huber
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
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13
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De Marchi F, Venkatesan S, Saraceno M, Mazzini L, Grossini E. Acetyl-L-carnitine and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Potential use. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:588-601. [PMID: 36998125 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230330083757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of neurodegenerative diseases can be frustrating for clinicians, given the limited progress of conventional medicine in this context. AIM For this reason, a more comprehensive, integrative approach is urgently needed. Among various emerging focuses for intervention, the modulation of central nervous system energetics, oxidative stress, and inflammation is becoming more and more promising. METHODS In particular, electrons leakage involved in the mitochondrial energetics can generate reactive oxygen-free radical-related mitochondrial dysfunction that would contribute to the etiopathology of many disorders, such as Alzheimer's and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). RESULTS In this context, using agents, like acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR), provides mitochondrial support, reduces oxidative stress, and improves synaptic transmission. CONCLUSION This narrative review aims to update the existing literature on ALCAR molecular profile, tolerability, and translational clinical potential use in neurodegeneration, focusing on ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sakthipriyan Venkatesan
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Saraceno
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100, Novara, Italy
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14
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Lee AM, Xu Y, Hooper SR, Abraham AG, Hu J, Xiao R, Matheson MB, Brunson C, Rhee EP, Coresh J, Vasan RS, Schrauben S, Kimmel PL, Warady BA, Furth SL, Hartung EA, Denburg MR. Circulating Metabolomic Associations with Neurocognitive Outcomes in Pediatric CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 19:13-25. [PMID: 37871960 PMCID: PMC10843217 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with CKD are at risk for impaired neurocognitive functioning. We investigated metabolomic associations with neurocognition in children with CKD. METHODS We leveraged data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study and the Neurocognitive Assessment and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of Children and Young Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease (NiCK) study. CKiD is a multi-institutional cohort that enrolled children aged 6 months to 16 years with eGFR 30-90 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ( n =569). NiCK is a single-center cross-sectional study of participants aged 8-25 years with eGFR<90 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ( n =60) and matched healthy controls ( n =67). Untargeted metabolomic quantification was performed on plasma (CKiD, 622 metabolites) and serum (NiCK, 825 metabolites) samples. Four neurocognitive domains were assessed: intelligence, attention regulation, working memory, and parent ratings of executive function. Repeat assessments were performed in CKiD at 2-year intervals. Linear regression and linear mixed-effects regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, delivery history, hypertension, proteinuria, CKD duration, and glomerular versus nonglomerular diagnosis were used to identify metabolites associated with neurocognitive z-scores. Analyses were performed with and without adjustment for eGFR. RESULTS There were multiple metabolite associations with neurocognition observed in at least two of the analytic samples (CKiD baseline, CKiD follow-up, and NiCK CKD). Most of these metabolites were significantly elevated in children with CKD compared with healthy controls in NiCK. Notable signals included associations with parental ratings of executive function: phenylacetylglutamine, indoleacetylglutamine, and trimethylamine N-oxide-and with intelligence: γ -glutamyl amino acids and aconitate. CONCLUSIONS Several metabolites were associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in pediatric CKD, implicating gut microbiome-derived substances, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered energy metabolism, circulating toxins, and redox homeostasis. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_11_17_CJN0000000000000318.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur M. Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yunwen Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephen R. Hooper
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alison G. Abraham
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado University School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rui Xiao
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew B. Matheson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Celina Brunson
- Division of Nephrology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah Schrauben
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul L. Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bradley A. Warady
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Susan L. Furth
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erum A. Hartung
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle R. Denburg
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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15
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Mishra N, Kant R, Goswami DG, Petrash JM, Agarwal C, Tewari-Singh N, Agarwal R. Metabolomics for identifying pathways involved in vesicating agent lewisite-induced corneal injury. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109672. [PMID: 37797797 PMCID: PMC10843384 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Lewisite (LEW) is an arsenical vesicant that can be a potentially dangerous chemical warfare agent (CWA). Eyes are particularly susceptible to vesicant induced injuries and ocular LEW exposure can act swiftly, causing burning of eyes, edema, inflammation, cell death and even blindness. In our previous studies, we developed a LEW exposure-induced corneal injury model in rabbit and showed increased inflammation, neovascularization, cell death, and structural damage to rabbit corneas upon LEW exposure. In the present study, we further assessed the metabolomic changes to delineate the possible mechanisms underlying the LEW-induced corneal injuries. This information is vital and could help in the development of effective targeted therapies against ocular LEW injuries. Thus, the metabolomic changes associated with LEW exposures in rabbit corneas were assessed as a function of time, to delineate pathways from molecular perturbations at the genomic and proteomic levels. New Zealand white rabbit corneas (n = 3-6) were exposed to LEW vapor (0.2 mg/L; flow rate: 300 ml/min) for 2.5 min (short exposure; low dose) or 7.5 min (long-exposure; high dose) and then collected at 1, 3, 7, or 14 days post LEW exposure. Samples were prepared using the automated MicroLab STAR® system, and proteins precipitated to recover the chemically diverse metabolites. Metabolomic analysis was carried out by reverse phase UPLC-MS/MS and gas chromatography (GC)-MS. The data obtained were analyzed using Metabolon's software. The results showed that LEW exposures at high doses were more toxic, particularly at the day 7 post exposure time point. LEW exposure was shown to dysregulate metabolites associated with all the integral functions of the cornea and cause increased inflammation and immune response, as well as generate oxidative stress. Additionally, all important metabolic functions of the cells were also affected: lipid and nucleotide metabolism, and energetics. The high dose LEW exposures were more toxic, particularly at day 7 post LEW exposure (>10-fold increased levels of histamine, quinolinate, N-acetyl-β-alanine, GMP, and UPM). LEW exposure dysregulated integral functions of the cornea, caused inflammation and heightened immune response, and generated oxidative stress. Lipid and nucleotide metabolism, and energetics were also affected. The novel information about altered metabolic profile of rabbit cornea following LEW exposure could assist in delineating complex molecular events; thus, aid in identifying therapeutic targets to effectively ameliorate ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dinesh G Goswami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Mark Petrash
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neera Tewari-Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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16
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Zhang C, Ma T, Liu C, Ma D, Wang J, Liu M, Ran J, Wang X, Deng X. PM 2.5 induced liver lipid metabolic disorders in C57BL/6J mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1212291. [PMID: 37780625 PMCID: PMC10539470 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1212291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PM2.5 can cause adverse health effects via several pathways, such as inducing pulmonary and systemic inflammation, penetration into circulation, and activation of the autonomic nervous system. In particular, the impact of PM2.5 exposure on the liver, which plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification to maintain internal environment homeostasis, is getting more attention in recent years. In the present study, C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned and treated with PM2.5 suspension and PBS solution for 8 weeks. Then, hepatic tissue was prepared and identified by metabolomics analysis and transcriptomics analysis. PM2.5 exposure can cause extensive metabolic disturbances, particularly in lipid and amino acids metabolic dysregulation.128 differential expression metabolites (DEMs) and 502 differently expressed genes (DEGs) between the PM2.5 exposure group and control group were detected. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in two disease pathways, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and three signaling pathways, which are TGF-beta signaling, AMPK signaling, and mTOR signaling. Besides, further detection of acylcarnitine levels revealed accumulation in liver tissue, which caused restricted lipid consumption. Furthermore, lipid droplet accumulation in the liver was confirmed by Oil Red O staining, suggesting hepatic steatosis. Moreover, the aberrant expression of three key transcription factors revealed the potential regulatory effects in lipid metabolic disorders, the peroxisomal proliferative agent-activated receptors (PPARs) including PPARα and PPARγ is inhibited, and the activated sterol regulator-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) is overexpressed. Our results provide a novel molecular and genetic basis for a better understanding of the mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure-induced hepatic metabolic diseases, especially in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- College of Basic Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Ma
- College of Basic Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Basic Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Basic Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Ran
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Sha T, Wang N, Wei J, He H, Wang Y, Zeng C, Lei G. Genetically Predicted Levels of Serum Metabolites and Risk of Sarcopenia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3964. [PMID: 37764748 PMCID: PMC10536442 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites' connection to sarcopenia through inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction is presumed, but their impact remains unclear due to limitations in conventional observational studies caused by confounding bias and reverse causation. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the association of serum metabolites with sarcopenia and its related traits, i.e., appendicular lean mass and grip strength. Genetic instruments to proxy the serum metabolites were extracted from the most comprehensive genome-wide association study on the topic published so far. The corresponding summary statistics for the associations of genetic instruments with outcomes were calculated from the UK Biobank (n = 324,976 participants). The primary analyses were assessed by an inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. The weighted median and MR-PRESSO methods were used as sensitive analyses. Fourteen genetically predicted serum metabolites were associated with the risk of sarcopenia (PIVW < 0.05). Two metabolites showed the overlapped association with sarcopenia and its related traits, which were isovalerylcarnitine (sarcopenia: odds ratio [OR] = 4.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11~14.52, PIVW = 0.034; appendicular lean mass: β = -0.45 kg, 95% CI = -0.81~-0.09, PIVW = 0.015; grip strength: β = -1.51 kg, 95% CI = -2.31~-0.71, PIVW = 2.19 × 10-4) and docosapentaenoate (sarcopenia: OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.03~0.83, PIVW = 0.029; appendicular lean mass: β = -0.45 kg, 95% CI = 0.08~0.81, PIVW = 0.016). Twenty-seven metabolites were suggestive associated with appendicular lean mass or grip strength. This MR study provided evidence for the potential effects of metabolites on sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Aging-Related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Aging-Related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha 410008, China
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hongyi He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Aging-Related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (T.S.); (N.W.); (H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Aging-Related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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18
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Odendaal C, Jager EA, Martines ACMF, Vieira-Lara MA, Huijkman NCA, Kiyuna LA, Gerding A, Wolters JC, Heiner-Fokkema R, van Eunen K, Derks TGJ, Bakker BM. Personalised modelling of clinical heterogeneity between medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase patients. BMC Biol 2023; 21:184. [PMID: 37667308 PMCID: PMC10478272 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenetic inborn errors of metabolism cause a wide phenotypic heterogeneity that may even differ between family members carrying the same genetic variant. Computational modelling of metabolic networks may identify putative sources of this inter-patient heterogeneity. Here, we mainly focus on medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), the most common inborn error of the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO). It is an enigma why some MCADD patients-if untreated-are at risk to develop severe metabolic decompensations, whereas others remain asymptomatic throughout life. We hypothesised that an ability to maintain an increased free mitochondrial CoA (CoASH) and pathway flux might distinguish asymptomatic from symptomatic patients. RESULTS We built and experimentally validated, for the first time, a kinetic model of the human liver mFAO. Metabolites were partitioned according to their water solubility between the bulk aqueous matrix and the inner membrane. Enzymes are also either membrane-bound or in the matrix. This metabolite partitioning is a novel model attribute and improved predictions. MCADD substantially reduced pathway flux and CoASH, the latter due to the sequestration of CoA as medium-chain acyl-CoA esters. Analysis of urine from MCADD patients obtained during a metabolic decompensation showed an accumulation of medium- and short-chain acylcarnitines, just like the acyl-CoA pool in the MCADD model. The model suggested some rescues that increased flux and CoASH, notably increasing short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) levels. Proteome analysis of MCADD patient-derived fibroblasts indeed revealed elevated levels of SCAD in a patient with a clinically asymptomatic state. This is a rescue for MCADD that has not been explored before. Personalised models based on these proteomics data confirmed an increased pathway flux and CoASH in the model of an asymptomatic patient compared to those of symptomatic MCADD patients. CONCLUSIONS We present a detailed, validated kinetic model of mFAO in human liver, with solubility-dependent metabolite partitioning. Personalised modelling of individual patients provides a novel explanation for phenotypic heterogeneity among MCADD patients. Further development of personalised metabolic models is a promising direction to improve individualised risk assessment, management and monitoring for inborn errors of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoff Odendaal
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emmalie A Jager
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire M F Martines
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette C A Huijkman
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ligia A Kiyuna
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karen van Eunen
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Laboratory of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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19
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Lu K, Fang B, Liu Y, Xu F, Zhou C, Wang L, Chen L, Huang L. Metabolomics Analysis of DRG and Serum in the CCI Model of Mice. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1224. [PMID: 37626580 PMCID: PMC10452726 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic and intractable disease that is widely present in the general population. It causes painful behavior and even mood changes such as anxiety and depression by altering the metabolism of substances. However, there have been limited metabolomics studies conducted in relation to neuropathic pain. Therefore, in this study, the effects of NP on metabolites in serum and the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were investigated using a non-targeted metabolomics approach detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to uncover differential metabolites and affected metabolic pathways associated with NP. Sixty mice were divided into the following two groups: a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve group and a sham group (n = 30, each). After 7 days of CCI modeling, the metabolite profiles of serum and the DRG were analyzed using GC/LC-MS for both the CCI and sham groups of mice. Multivariate analysis revealed differential metabolites and altered metabolic pathways between the CCI and sham groups. In the CCI group, our findings provided insights into the complex phospholipid, amino acid and acylcarnitine metabolic perturbations of DRG metabolism. In addition, phospholipid metabolic disorders and impaired glucose metabolism were observed in the serum. Moreover, the metabolic differences in the DRG and serum were correlated with each other. The results from this untargeted metabolomics study provide a perspective on the metabolic impact of NP on serum and the DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China;
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Fangxia Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Chengcheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Lianhua Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China;
| | - Lina Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (F.X.); (C.Z.); (L.W.)
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20
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Farahzadi R, Hejazi MS, Molavi O, Pishgahzadeh E, Montazersaheb S, Jafari S. Clinical Significance of Carnitine in the Treatment of Cancer: From Traffic to the Regulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9328344. [PMID: 37600065 PMCID: PMC10435298 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9328344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a common hallmark of cancer cells. Cancer cells exhibit metabolic flexibility to maintain high proliferation and survival rates. In other words, adaptation of cellular demand is essential for tumorigenesis, since a diverse supply of nutrients is required to accommodate tumor growth and progression. Diversity of carbon substrates fueling cancer cells indicate metabolic heterogeneity, even in tumors sharing the same clinical diagnosis. In addition to the alteration of glucose and amino acid metabolism in cancer cells, there is evidence that cancer cells can alter lipid metabolism. Some tumors rely on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as the primary energy source; hence, cancer cells overexpress the enzymes involved in FAO. Carnitine is an essential cofactor in the lipid metabolic pathways. It is crucial in facilitating the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for β-oxidation. This role and others played by carnitine, especially its antioxidant function in cellular processes, emphasize the fine regulation of carnitine traffic within tissues and subcellular compartments. The biological activity of carnitine is orchestrated by specific membrane transporters that mediate the transfer of carnitine and its derivatives across the cell membrane. The concerted function of carnitine transporters creates a collaborative network that is relevant to metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. Here, the molecular mechanisms relevant to the role and expression of carnitine transporters are discussed, providing insights into cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Pishgahzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Jafari
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Bastos DCDS, Chiamolera MI, Silva RE, Souza MDCBD, Antunes RA, Souza MM, Mancebo ACA, Arêas PCF, Reis FM, Lo Turco EG, Bloise FF, Ortiga-Carvalho TM. Metabolomic analysis of follicular fluid from women with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12497. [PMID: 37532758 PMCID: PMC10397241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by hypothyroidism and a high level of anti-thyroid autoantibodies. It has shown to negatively impact female fertility; however, the mechanisms are unclear. Ovarian follicular fluid appears to be the key to understanding how Hashimoto thyroiditis affecst fertility. Thus, we aimed to evaluated the metabolic profile of follicular fluid and antithyroid autoantibody levels in the context of Hashimoto thyroiditis. We collected follicular fluid from 61 patients, namely 38 women with thyroid autoantibody positivity and 23 women as negative controls, undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment. Follicular fluid samples were analyzed using metabolomics, and thyroid autoantibodies were measured. Fifteen metabolites with higher concentrations in the follicular fluid samples from Hashimoto thyroiditis were identified, comprising five possible affected pathways: the glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and sphingolipid metabolism pathways. These pathways are known to regulate ovarian functions. In addition, antithyroglobulin antibody concentrations in both serum and follicular fluid were more than tenfold higher in women with Hashimoto thyroiditis than in controls. Our data showed that the metabolic profile of follicular fluid is altered in women with Hashimoto thyroiditis, suggesting a potential mechanistic explanation for the association of this disease with female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Caroline da Silva Bastos
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Translacional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Maria Izabel Chiamolera
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular e Translacional, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Renata Elen Silva
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular e Translacional, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Roberto Azevedo Antunes
- Fertipraxis Centro de Reproducao Humana, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Maternidade Escola, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando M Reis
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Edson Guimarães Lo Turco
- Ion Medicine, São Paulo, Brasil
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Disciplina de Urologia, Setor de Reprodução Assistida Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Flavia Fonseca Bloise
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Translacional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Tania M Ortiga-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Translacional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
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22
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Messina E, de Souza CP, Cappella C, Barile SN, Scarcia P, Pisano I, Palmieri L, Nicaud JM, Agrimi G. Genetic inactivation of the Carnitine/Acetyl-Carnitine mitochondrial carrier of Yarrowia lipolytica leads to enhanced odd-chain fatty acid production. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:128. [PMID: 37443049 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial carriers (MCs) can deeply affect the intracellular flux distribution of metabolic pathways. The manipulation of their expression level, to redirect the flux toward the production of a molecule of interest, is an attractive target for the metabolic engineering of eukaryotic microorganisms. The non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is able to use a wide range of substrates. As oleaginous yeast, it directs most of the acetyl-CoA therefrom generated towards the synthesis of lipids, which occurs in the cytoplasm. Among them, the odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs) are promising microbial-based compounds with several applications in the medical, cosmetic, chemical and agricultural industries. RESULTS In this study, we have identified the MC involved in the Carnitine/Acetyl-Carnitine shuttle in Y. lipolytica, YlCrc1. The Y. lipolytica Ylcrc1 knock-out strain failed to grow on ethanol, acetate and oleic acid, demonstrating the fundamental role of this MC in the transport of acetyl-CoA from peroxisomes and cytoplasm into mitochondria. A metabolic engineering strategy involving the deletion of YlCRC1, and the recombinant expression of propionyl-CoA transferase from Ralstonia eutropha (RePCT), improved propionate utilization and its conversion into OCFAs. These genetic modifications and a lipogenic medium supplemented with glucose and propionate as the sole carbon sources, led to enhanced accumulation of OCFAs in Y. lipolytica. CONCLUSIONS The Carnitine/Acetyl-Carnitine shuttle of Y. lipolytica involving YlCrc1, is the sole pathway for transporting peroxisomal or cytosolic acetyl-CoA to mitochondria. Manipulation of this carrier can be a promising target for metabolic engineering approaches involving cytosolic acetyl-CoA, as demonstrated by the effect of YlCRC1 deletion on OCFAs synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Messina
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, AgroParisTech, France
| | - Camilla Pires de Souza
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, AgroParisTech, France
| | - Claudia Cappella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Simona Nicole Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Pasquale Scarcia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Isabella Pisano
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Nicaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, AgroParisTech, France.
| | - Gennaro Agrimi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Universitario, via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy.
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23
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Xu L, Liu C, Li S, Xu J, Liu H, Zheng X, Zhang D, Chen L. Association of lipidome evolution with the corresponding volatile characteristics of postmortem lamb during chilled storage. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112916. [PMID: 37254350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This investigation aims to elucidate the roles of lipids on the volatilome evolution of postmortem lamb and its possible modulated mechanism behind. Firstly, the physicochemical properties were evaluated as coordinating role of flavor quality, and results suggested that chilled storage improved tenderness of muscle tissue and induced color variation of lamb. According to multivariate results, the pattern shifts of volatile profile of chilled lamb could be differentiated successfully. Besides, the potential differential aroma-active compounds were identified, including up-regulated heptanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 2-pentyl furan and octanol in early stage of storage (days 0-3) and down-regulated hexanal, pentanal, hexanol, octanol, 6-methy-2-heptanone, heptanol, 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde in later stage of storage (days 3-7). Then, discriminant analysis recognized the differential lipid species corresponding to different stages of lamb flavor development, involving phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerolipids and fatty acyls. Herein, the degradation of acyl carnitine and diglyceride may be an important pathway that contributed to volatilome evolution of postmortem lamb in the early stage of storage. These results demonstrated a potential relationship between headspace volatilome and lipidome evolutions, providing a comprehensive understanding for development of lipid-derived volatile compounds of chilled lamb and useful for lamb characteristic flavor quality evaluation and control in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunyou Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinrong Xu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
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24
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Lund KC, Scottoline B, Jordan BK. Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Translocase Deficiency Masked by Extreme Prematurity. J Pediatr Genet 2023; 12:179-183. [PMID: 37090833 PMCID: PMC10118704 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) deficiency is a rare disorder of long chain fatty acid oxidation with a very high mortality rate due to cardiomyopathy or multiorgan failure. We present the course of a very premature infant with early onset CACT deficiency complicated by multiple episodes of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and liver insufficiency, followed by eventual demise. The complications of prematurity, potentiated by the overlay of CACT deficiency, contributed to the difficulty of reaching the ultimate diagnosis of CACT deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli C. Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Brian Scottoline
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Brian K. Jordan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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25
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Meng X, Bi Q, Ma Q, Wei Y, Li Y, Liang M, Xu H. Dietary Cholesterol Differentially Regulates the Muscle Lipidomics of Farmed Turbot and Tiger Puffer. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101632. [PMID: 37238062 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous cholesterol has been supplemented into aqua-feeds due to the reduced proportions of fishmeal and fish oil. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary cholesterol supplementation on the muscle lipidomics of two marine fish species, turbot and tiger puffer. A 70-day feeding trial was conducted, where two low-fishmeal diets supplemented with 0 or 1% cholesterol were used. The lipidomic analysis with targeted tandem mass spectrometry showed that, in turbot, a total of 49 individual lipids exhibited significant differences in their abundance in response to dietary cholesterol, whereas the number was 30 for tiger puffer. Dietary cholesterol up-regulated the abundance of cholesterol and cholesterol ester in both species. In turbot, the dietary cholesterol also increased the abundance of triacylglycerol and acylcarnitine, whereas in tiger puffer, it primarily regulated the abundance of phospholipids and BMP. This was the first time the responses of marine fish muscle lipidomics to dietary cholesterol supplementation have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Meng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524008, China
| | - Qingzhu Bi
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuliang Wei
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanlu Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengqing Liang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Houguo Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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26
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Pasquadibisceglie A, Quadrotta V, Polticelli F. In Silico Analysis of the Structural Dynamics and Substrate Recognition Determinants of the Human Mitochondrial Carnitine/Acylcarnitine SLC25A20 Transporter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043946. [PMID: 36835358 PMCID: PMC9961348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Carrier is a member of the mitochondrial Solute Carrier Family 25 (SLC25), known as SLC25A20, involved in the electroneutral exchange of acylcarnitine and carnitine across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It acts as a master regulator of fatty acids β-oxidation and is known to be involved in neonatal pathologies and cancer. The transport mechanism, also known as "alternating access", involves a conformational transition in which the binding site is accessible from one side of the membrane or the other. In this study, through a combination of state-of-the-art modelling techniques, molecular dynamics, and molecular docking, the structural dynamics of SLC25A20 and the early substrates recognition step have been analyzed. The results obtained demonstrated a significant asymmetry in the conformational changes leading to the transition from the c- to the m-state, confirming previous observations on other homologous transporters. Moreover, analysis of the MD simulations' trajectories of the apo-protein in the two conformational states allowed for a better understanding of the role of SLC25A20 Asp231His and Ala281Val pathogenic mutations, which are at the basis of Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Translocase Deficiency. Finally, molecular docking coupled to molecular dynamics simulations lend support to the multi-step substrates recognition and translocation mechanism already hypothesized for the ADP/ATP carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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27
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Metabolomics Reveal the Regulatory Effect of Polysaccharides from Fermented Barley Bran Extract on Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020223. [PMID: 36837842 PMCID: PMC9962758 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Barley bran has potential bioactivities due to its high content of polyphenols and dietary fiber, etc. Fermentation has been considered as an effective way to promote the functional activity of food raw materials. In this study, polysaccharides from barley bran extract fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 (FBBE-PS) were analyzed, and its effects on lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in high-fat HepG2 cells induced by sodium oleate were evaluated. The results showed that the molecular weight decreased and monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides changed significantly after fermentation. In addition, 50 μg/mL FBBE-PS could reduce the triglyceride (TG) content and reaction oxygen species (ROS) level in high-fat HepG2 cells by 21.62% and 30.01%, respectively, while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) represented by 64.87% and 22.93%, respectively. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that FBBE-PS could up-regulate the lipid metabolism-related genes such as ppar-α, acox-1 and cpt-1α, and oxidation-related genes such as nrf2, ho-1, nqo-1, sod1, cat, etc. The metabolomics analysis indicated that FBBE-PS could alleviate lipid deposition by inhibiting the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, which is consistent with the downregulation of scd-1 expression. It is demonstrated that fermentation can alter the properties and physiological activities of polysaccharides in barley bran, and FBBE-PS exhibited an alleviating effect on lipid deposition and oxidative stress in high-fat cells.
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Targeting mitochondrial impairment for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: From hypertension to ischemia-reperfusion injury, searching for new pharmacological targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115405. [PMID: 36603686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins represent a group of promising pharmacological target candidates in the search of new molecular targets and drugs to counteract the onset of hypertension and more in general cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Indeed, several mitochondrial pathways result impaired in CVDs, showing ATP depletion and ROS production as common traits of cardiac tissue degeneration. Thus, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes can represent a successful strategy to prevent heart failure. In this context, the identification of new pharmacological targets among mitochondrial proteins paves the way for the design of new selective drugs. Thanks to the advances in omics approaches, to a greater availability of mitochondrial crystallized protein structures and to the development of new computational approaches for protein 3D-modelling and drug design, it is now possible to investigate in detail impaired mitochondrial pathways in CVDs. Furthermore, it is possible to design new powerful drugs able to hit the selected pharmacological targets in a highly selective way to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction and prevent cardiac tissue degeneration. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset of CVDs appears increasingly evident, as reflected by the impairment of proteins involved in lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dynamics, respiratory chain complexes, and membrane polarization maintenance in CVD patients. Conversely, little is known about proteins responsible for the cross-talk between mitochondria and cytoplasm in cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial transporters of the SLC25A family, in particular, are responsible for the translocation of nucleotides (e.g., ATP), amino acids (e.g., aspartate, glutamate, ornithine), organic acids (e.g. malate and 2-oxoglutarate), and other cofactors (e.g., inorganic phosphate, NAD+, FAD, carnitine, CoA derivatives) between the mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments. Thus, mitochondrial transporters play a key role in the mitochondria-cytosol cross-talk by leading metabolic pathways such as the malate/aspartate shuttle, the carnitine shuttle, the ATP export from mitochondria, and the regulation of permeability transition pore opening. Since all these pathways are crucial for maintaining healthy cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial carriers emerge as an interesting class of new possible pharmacological targets for CVD treatments.
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29
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van Roekel EH, Bours MJL, Breukink SO, Aquarius M, Keulen ETP, Gicquiau A, Rinaldi S, Vineis P, Arts ICW, Gunter MJ, Leitzmann MF, Scalbert A, Weijenberg MP. Longitudinal associations of plasma metabolites with persistent fatigue among colorectal cancer survivors up to 2 years after treatment. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:214-226. [PMID: 36054767 PMCID: PMC9825888 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The underlying biological mechanisms causing persistent fatigue complaints after colorectal cancer treatment need further investigation. We investigated longitudinal associations of circulating concentrations of 138 metabolites with total fatigue and subdomains of fatigue between 6 weeks and 2 years after colorectal cancer treatment. Among stage I-III colorectal cancer survivors (n = 252), blood samples were obtained at 6 weeks, and 6, 12 and 24 months posttreatment. Total fatigue and fatigue subdomains were measured using a validated questionnaire. Tandem mass spectrometry was applied to measure metabolite concentrations (BIOCRATES AbsoluteIDQp180 kit). Confounder-adjusted longitudinal associations were analyzed using linear mixed models, with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. We assessed interindividual (between-participant differences) and intraindividual longitudinal associations (within-participant changes over time). In the overall longitudinal analysis, statistically significant associations were observed for 12, 32, 17 and three metabolites with total fatigue and the subscales "fatigue severity," "reduced motivation" and "reduced activity," respectively. Specifically, higher concentrations of several amino acids, lysophosphatidylcholines, diacylphosphatidylcholines, acyl-alkylphosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins were associated with less fatigue, while higher concentrations of acylcarnitines were associated with more fatigue. For "fatigue severity," associations appeared mainly driven by intraindividual associations, while for "reduced motivation" stronger interindividual associations were found. We observed longitudinal associations of several metabolites with total fatigue and fatigue subscales, and that intraindividual changes in metabolites over time were associated with fatigue severity. These findings point toward inflammation and an impaired energy metabolism due to mitochondrial dysfunction as underlying mechanisms. Mechanistic studies are necessary to determine whether these metabolites could be targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline H. van Roekel
- Department of EpidemiologyGROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. L. Bours
- Department of EpidemiologyGROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Stéphanie O. Breukink
- Department of Surgery, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental BiologySchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Michèl Aquarius
- Department of GastroenterologyVieCuri Medical CenterVenloThe Netherlands
| | - Eric T. P. Keulen
- Department of Internal Medicine and GastroenterologyZuyderland Medical CentreSittard‐GeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Audrey Gicquiau
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and HealthSchool of Public Health, Imperial CollegeLondonUK
- Italian Institute of TechnologyGenoaItaly
| | - Ilja C. W. Arts
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Michael F. Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Matty P. Weijenberg
- Department of EpidemiologyGROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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Taghizadeh H, Emamgholipour S, Hosseinkhani S, Arjmand B, Rezaei N, Dilmaghani-Marand A, Ghasemi E, Panahi N, Dehghanbanadaki H, Ghodssi-Ghassemabadi R, Najjar N, Asadi M, khoshniat M, Larijani B, Razi F. The association between acylcarnitine and amino acids profile and metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults: Data from STEPs 2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1058952. [PMID: 36923214 PMCID: PMC10008865 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1058952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence, albeit with conflicting results, has suggested that cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and hypertension, are highly associated with changes in metabolic signature, especially plasma amino acids and acylcarnitines levels. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association of circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 1192 participants from the large-scale cross-sectional study of Surveillance of Risk Factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran (STEP 2016). The circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in individuals with MetS (n=529) and without MetS (n=663). RESULTS The higher plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids (Val, Leu), aromatic amino acids (Phe, Tyr), Pro, Ala, Glu, and the ratio of Asp to Asn were significantly associated with MetS, whereas lower circulating levels of Gly, Ser, His, Asn, and citrulline were significantly associated with MetS. As for plasma levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitines, higher levels of short-chain acylcarnitines (C2, C3, C4DC), free carnitine (C0), and long-chain acylcarnitines (C16, C18OH) were significantly associated with MetS. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that factor 3 (Tyr, Leu, Val, Met, Trp, Phe, Thr) [OR:1.165, 95% CI: 1.121-1.210, P<0.001], factor 7 (C0, C3, C4) [OR:1.257, 95% CI: 1.150-1.374, P<0.001], factor 8 (Gly, Ser) [OR:0.718, 95% CI: 0.651-0.793, P< 0.001], factor 9 (Ala, Pro, C4DC) [OR:1.883, 95% CI: 1.669-2.124, P<0.001], factor 10 (Glu, Asp, C18:2OH) [OR:1.132, 95% CI: 1.032-1.242, P= 0.009], factor 11 (citrulline, ornithine) [OR:0.862, 95% CI: 0.778-0.955, P= 0.004] and 13 (C18OH, C18:1 OH) [OR: 1.242, 95% CI: 1.042-1.480, P= 0.016] were independently correlated with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Change in amino acid, and acylcarnitines profiles were seen in patients with MetS. Moreover, the alteration in the circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines is along with an increase in MetS component number. It also seems that amino acid and acylcarnitines profiles can provide valuable information on evaluating and monitoring MetS risk. However, further studies are needed to establish this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hananeh Taghizadeh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Hosseinkhani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Dilmaghani-Marand
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ghasemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nekoo Panahi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niloufar Najjar
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Asadi
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen khoshniat
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Farideh Razi,
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Liang K. Mitochondrial CPT1A: Insights into structure, function, and basis for drug development. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160440. [PMID: 37033619 PMCID: PMC10076611 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnitine Palmitoyl-Transferase1A (CPT1A) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the fatty acid β-oxidation, and its deficiency or abnormal regulation can result in diseases like metabolic disorders and various cancers. Therefore, CPT1A is a desirable drug target for clinical therapy. The deep comprehension of human CPT1A is crucial for developing the therapeutic inhibitors like Etomoxir. CPT1A is an appealing druggable target for cancer therapies since it is essential for the survival, proliferation, and drug resistance of cancer cells. It will help to lower the risk of cancer recurrence and metastasis, reduce mortality, and offer prospective therapy options for clinical treatment if the effects of CPT1A on the lipid metabolism of cancer cells are inhibited. Targeted inhibition of CPT1A can be developed as an effective treatment strategy for cancers from a metabolic perspective. However, the pathogenic mechanism and recent progress of CPT1A in diseases have not been systematically summarized. Here we discuss the functions of CPT1A in health and diseases, and prospective therapies targeting CPT1A. This review summarizes the current knowledge of CPT1A, hoping to prompt further understanding of it, and provide foundation for CPT1A-targeting drug development.
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32
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Jiang RW, Jaroch K, Pawliszyn J. Solid-phase microextraction of endogenous metabolites from intact tissue validated using a Biocrates standard reference method kit. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:55-62. [PMID: 36816540 PMCID: PMC9937786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved analytical methods for the metabolomic profiling of tissue samples are constantly needed. Currently, conventional sample preparation methods often involve tissue biopsy and/or homogenization, which disrupts the endogenous metabolome. In this study, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers were used to monitor changes in endogenous compounds in homogenized and intact ovine lung tissue. Following SPME, a Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ assay was applied to make a downstream targeted metabolomics analysis and confirm the advantages of in vivo SPME metabolomics. The AbsoluteIDQ kit enabled the targeted analysis of over 100 metabolites via solid-liquid extraction and SPME. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between conventional liquid extractions from homogenized tissue and SPME results for both homogenized and intact tissue samples. In addition, principal component analysis revealed separated clustering among all the three sample groups, indicating changes in the metabolome due to tissue homogenization and the chosen sample preparation method. Furthermore, clear differences in free metabolites were observed when extractions were performed on the intact and homogenized tissue using identical SPME procedures. Specifically, a direct comparison showed that 47 statistically distinct metabolites were detected between the homogenized and intact lung tissue samples (P < 0.05) using mixed-mode SPME fibers. These changes were probably due to the disruptive homogenization of the tissue. This study's findings highlight both the importance of sample preparation in tissue-based metabolomics studies and SPME's unique ability to perform minimally invasive extractions without tissue biopsy or homogenization while providing broad metabolite coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runshan Will Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Karol Jaroch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, 85-089, Poland
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada,Corresponding author.
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Zou B, Shao L, Yu Q, Zhao Y, Li X, Dai R. Changes of mitochondrial lipid molecules, structure, cytochrome c and ROS of beef Longissimus lumborum and Psoas major during postmortem storage and their potential associations with beef quality. Meat Sci 2023; 195:109013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.109013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Miniero DV, Gambacorta N, Spagnoletta A, Tragni V, Loizzo S, Nicolotti O, Pierri CL, De Palma A. New Insights Regarding Hemin Inhibition of the Purified Rat Brain 2-Oxoglutarate Carrier and Relationships with Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Clin Med 2022; 11:7519. [PMID: 36556135 PMCID: PMC9785169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A kinetic analysis of the transport assays on the purified rat brain 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier (OGC) was performed starting from our recent results reporting about a competitive inhibitory behavior of hemin, a physiological porphyrin derivative, on the OGC reconstituted in an active form into proteoliposomes. The newly provided transport data and the elaboration of the kinetic equations show evidence that hemin exerts a mechanism of partially competitive inhibition, coupled with the formation of a ternary complex hemin-carrier substrate, when hemin targets the OGC from the matrix face. A possible interpretation of the provided kinetic analysis, which is supported by computational studies, could indicate the existence of a binding region responsible for the inhibition of the OGC and supposedly involved in the regulation of OGC activity. The proposed regulatory binding site is located on OGC mitochondrial matrix loops, where hemin could establish specific interactions with residues involved in the substrate recognition and/or conformational changes responsible for the translocation of mitochondrial carrier substrates. The regulatory binding site would be placed about 6 Å below the substrate binding site of the OGC, facing the mitochondrial matrix, and would allow the simultaneous binding of hemin and 2-oxoglutarate or malate to different regions of the carrier. Overall, the presented experimental and computational analyses help to shed light on the possible existence of the hemin-carrier substrate ternary complex, confirming the ability of the OGC to bind porphyrin derivatives, and in particular hemin, with possible consequences for the mitochondrial redox state mediated by the malate/aspartate shuttle led by the mitochondrial carriers OGC and AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Spagnoletta
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. 106 Jonica, Km 419,500, 75026 Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Loizzo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Palma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Ma Y, Wang M, Guo S, Li T, Liu X, Zhao L. The serum acylcarnitines profile in epileptic children treated with valproic acid and the protective roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a activation in valproic acid-induced liver injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1048728. [PMID: 36425583 PMCID: PMC9681037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1048728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as a major drug in the treatment of epilepsy. Despite the undisputed pharmacological importance and effectiveness of VPA, its potential hepatotoxicity is still a major concern. Being a simple fatty acid, the hepatotoxicity induced by VPA has long been considered to be due primarily to its interference with fatty acid β-oxidation (β-FAO). The aim of this study was to investigate the biomarkers for VPA-induced abnormal liver function in epileptic children and to determine potential mechanisms of its liver injury. Targeted metabolomics analysis of acylcarnitines (ACs) was performed in children's serum. Metabolomic analysis revealed that VPA -induced abnormal liver function resulted in the accumulation of serum long-chain acylcarnitines (LCACs), and the reduced expression of β-FAO relevant genes (Carnitine palmitoyltrans-ferase (CPT)1, CPT2 and Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD)), indicating the disruption of β-FAO. As direct peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (PPARα)- regulated genes, CPT1A, CPT2 and LCAD were up-regulated after treatment with PPARα agonist, fenofibrate (Feno), indicating the improvement of β-FAO. Feno significantly ameliorated the accumulation of various lipids in the plasma of VPA-induced hepatotoxic mice by activating PPARα, significantly reduced the plasma ACs concentration, and attenuated VPA-induced hepatic steatosis. Enhanced oxidative stress and induced by VPA exposure were significantly recovered using Feno treatment. In conclusion, this study indicates VPA-induced β-FAO disruption might lead to liver injury, and a significant Feno protective effect against VPA -induced hepatotoxicity through reversing fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Limei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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36
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Moura AV, de Oliveira DC, Silva AAR, da Rosa JR, Garcia PHD, Sanches PHG, Garza KY, Mendes FMM, Lambert M, Gutierrez JM, Granado NM, dos Santos AC, de Lima IL, Negrini LDDO, Antonio MA, Eberlin MN, Eberlin LS, Porcari AM. Urine Metabolites Enable Fast Detection of COVID-19 Using Mass Spectrometry. Metabolites 2022; 12:1056. [PMID: 36355139 PMCID: PMC9697918 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic boosted the development of diagnostic tests to meet patient needs and provide accurate, sensitive, and fast disease detection. Despite rapid advancements, limitations related to turnaround time, varying performance metrics due to different sampling sites, illness duration, co-infections, and the need for particular reagents still exist. As an alternative diagnostic test, we present urine analysis through flow-injection-tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-MS/MS) as a powerful approach for COVID-19 diagnosis, targeting the detection of amino acids and acylcarnitines. We adapted a method that is widely used for newborn screening tests on dried blood for urine samples in order to detect metabolites related to COVID-19 infection. We analyzed samples from 246 volunteers with diagnostic confirmation via PCR. Urine samples were self-collected, diluted, and analyzed with a run time of 4 min. A Lasso statistical classifier was built using 75/25% data for training/validation sets and achieved high diagnostic performances: 97/90% sensitivity, 95/100% specificity, and 95/97.2% accuracy. Additionally, we predicted on two withheld sets composed of suspected hospitalized/symptomatic COVID-19-PCR negative patients and patients out of the optimal time-frame collection for PCR diagnosis, with promising results. Altogether, we show that the benchmarked FIA-MS/MS method is promising for COVID-19 screening and diagnosis, and is also potentially useful after the peak viral load has passed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Varao Moura
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Cardoso de Oliveira
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alex Ap. R. Silva
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Ribeiro da Rosa
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Dias Garcia
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Godoy Sanches
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Kyana Y. Garza
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Flavio Marcio Macedo Mendes
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara Lambert
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Junier Marrero Gutierrez
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Nicole Marino Granado
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alicia Camacho dos Santos
- Department of Material Engineering and Nanotechnology, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | - Iasmim Lopes de Lima
- Department of Material Engineering and Nanotechnology, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Aparecida Antonio
- Integrated Unit of Pharmacology and Gastroenterology, UNIFAG, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- Department of Material Engineering and Nanotechnology, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia S. Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andreia M. Porcari
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
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37
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Deck M, Van Hameren G, Campbell G, Bernard-Marissal N, Devaux J, Berthelot J, Lattard A, Médard JJ, Gautier B, Guelfi S, Abbou S, Quintana P, Chao de la Barca JM, Reynier P, Lenaers G, Chrast R, Tricaud N. Physiology of PNS axons relies on glycolytic metabolism in myelinating Schwann cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272097. [PMID: 36194565 PMCID: PMC9531822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While lactate shuttle theory states that glial cells metabolize glucose into lactate to shuttle it to neurons, how glial cells support axonal metabolism and function remains unclear. Lactate production is a common occurrence following anaerobic glycolysis in muscles. However, several other cell types, including some stem cells, activated macrophages and tumor cells, can produce lactate in presence of oxygen and cellular respiration, using Pyruvate Kinase 2 (PKM2) to divert pyruvate to lactate dehydrogenase. We show here that PKM2 is also upregulated in myelinating Schwann cells (mSC) of mature mouse sciatic nerve versus postnatal immature nerve. Deletion of this isoform in PLP-expressing cells in mice leads to a deficit of lactate in mSC and in peripheral nerves. While the structure of myelin sheath was preserved, mutant mice developed a peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral nerve axons of mutant mice failed to maintain lactate homeostasis upon activity, resulting in an impaired production of mitochondrial ATP. Action potential propagation was not altered but axonal mitochondria transport was slowed down, muscle axon terminals retracted and motor neurons displayed cellular stress. Additional reduction of lactate availability through dichloroacetate treatment, which diverts pyruvate to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, further aggravated motor dysfunction in mutant mice. Thus, lactate production through PKM2 enzyme and aerobic glycolysis is essential in mSC for the long-term maintenance of peripheral nerve axon physiology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Deck
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (NT); (MD)
| | | | | | | | - Jérôme Devaux
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jade Berthelot
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alise Lattard
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Médard
- Departments of Clinical Neuroscience and Neuroscience, Karolinska Intitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benoît Gautier
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Guelfi
- INM, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Juan Manuel Chao de la Barca
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
- Equipe Mitolab, MITOVASC, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
- Equipe Mitolab, MITOVASC, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Equipe Mitolab, MITOVASC, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Roman Chrast
- Departments of Clinical Neuroscience and Neuroscience, Karolinska Intitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Tricaud
- I-Stem, UEVE/UPS U861, INSERM, AFM, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- * E-mail: (NT); (MD)
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38
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Giangregorio N, Pierri CL, Tonazzi A, Incampo G, Tragni V, De Grassi A, Indiveri C. Proline/Glycine residues of the PG-levels guide conformational changes along the transport cycle in the mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (SLC25A20). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:1453-1465. [PMID: 36122779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (CAC) is a member of the mitochondrial carrier (MC) family and imports acylcarnitine into the mitochondrial matrix in exchange for carnitine, playing a pivotal role in carnitine shuttle, crucial for fatty acid oxidation. The crystallized structure of CAC has not been solved yet, however, the availability of several in vitro/in silico studies, also based on the crystallized structures of the ADP/ATP carrier in the cytosolic-conformation and in the matrix-conformation, has made possible to confirm the hypothesis of the single-binding centered-gated pore mechanism for all the members of the MC family. In addition, our recent bioinformatics analyses allowed quantifying in silico the importance of protein residues of MC substrate binding region, of those involved in the formation of the matrix and cytosolic gates, and of those belonging to the Pro/Gly (PG) levels, proposed to be crucial for the tilting/kinking/bending of the six MC transmembrane helices, funneling the substrate translocation pathway. Here we present a combined in silico/in vitro analysis employed for investigating the role played by a group of 6 proline residues and 6 glycine residues, highly conserved in CAC, belonging to MC PG-levels. Residues of the PG-levels surround the similarly located MC common substrate binding region, and were proposed to lead conformational changes and substrate translocation, following substrate binding. For our analysis, we employed 3D molecular modeling approaches, alanine scanning site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro transport assays. Our analysis reveals that P130 (H3), G268 (H6) and G220 (H5), mutated in alanine, affect severely CAC transport activity (mutant catalytic efficiency lower than 5 % compared to the wild type CAC), most likely due to their major role in triggering CAC conformational changes, following carnitine binding. Notably, P30A (H1) and G121A (H3) CAC mutants, increase the carnitine uptake up to 217 % and 112 %, respectively, compared to the wild type CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Giangregorio
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Tonazzi
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Incampo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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39
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Palacios-González B, León-Reyes G, Rivera-Paredez B, Ibarra-González I, Vela-Amieva M, Flores YN, Canizales-Quinteros S, Salmerón J, Velázquez-Cruz R. Targeted Metabolomics Revealed a Sex-Dependent Signature for Metabolic Syndrome in the Mexican Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183678. [PMID: 36145054 PMCID: PMC9504093 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of several metabolic conditions predisposing to chronic diseases. Individuals diagnosed with MetS are physiologically heterogeneous, with significant sex-specific differences. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential sex-specific serum modifications of amino acids and acylcarnitines (ACs) and their relationship with MetS in the Mexican population. This study included 602 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Forty serum metabolites were analyzed using a targeted metabolomics approach. Multivariate regression models were used to test associations of clinical and biochemical parameters with metabolomic profiles. Our findings showed a serum amino acid signature (citrulline and glycine) and medium-chain ACs (AC14:1, AC10, and AC18:10H) associated with MetS. Glycine and AC10 were specific metabolites representative of discrimination according to sex-dependent MetS. In addition, we found that glycine and short-chain ACs (AC2, AC3, and AC8:1) are associated with age-dependent MetS. We also reported a significant correlation between body fat and metabolites associated with sex-age-dependent MetS. In conclusion, the metabolic profile varies by MetS status, and these differences are sex-age-dependent in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guadalupe León-Reyes
- Genomics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Research Center in Policies, Population and Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Marcela Vela-Amieva
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, National Pediatrics Institute (INP), Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Yvonne N. Flores
- Epidemiological and Health Services Research Unit, Morelos Mexican Institute of Social Security, Cuernavaca 62000, Mexico
- Department of Health Policy and Management and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unit of Genomics of Population Applied to Health, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Research Center in Policies, Population and Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Genomics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +52-(55)-5350-1900
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40
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Tonazzi A, Giangregorio N, Console L, Calvano CD, Prejanò M, Scalise M, Incampo G, Marino T, Russo N, Cataldi TRI, Indiveri C. Inhibition of the carnitine acylcarnitine carrier by carbon monoxide reveals a novel mechanism of action with non-metal-containing proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:395-403. [PMID: 35792242 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Both toxic and physiological effects of CO are mostly caused by well described interactions with heme-groups of proteins. Interactions of CO with non-heme proteins have also been unveiled. Besides interaction of CO with mitochondrial heme containing respiratory complexes, a BK channel and the phosphate carrier which do not contain metal cofactors, have been identified as CO targets. However, the molecular mechanisms of interaction with non-metal-containing proteins are not understood. We show in this work the effect of CO on the mitochondrial carnitine carrier (SLC25A20) using CORM-3, a widely recognized CO releasing compound. CO exerts an inhibitory effect at the micromolar concentration on the transport function of the transporter extracted from treated mitochondria. The effect is due to a single Cys residue, C136 as revealed by mass spectrometry analysis. A computational approach predicted the need for vicinal Asp and Lys residues for the C136 carbonylation to occur. These data demonstrate a novel mechanism of interaction of CO with a protein not containing metal atoms and will enable the prediction of CO targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Tonazzi
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Giangregorio
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Lara Console
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Prejanò
- Department CTC (Chemistry and Chemical Technology) University of Calabria, Via Bucci 14C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanna Incampo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Marino
- Department CTC (Chemistry and Chemical Technology) University of Calabria, Via Bucci 14C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Department CTC (Chemistry and Chemical Technology) University of Calabria, Via Bucci 14C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy; Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
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41
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Ge Y, Zadeh M, Mohamadzadeh M. Vitamin B12 coordinates ileal epithelial cell and microbiota functions to resist Salmonella infection in mice. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213271. [PMID: 35674742 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deprivation of vitamin B12 (VB12) is linked to various diseases, but the underlying mechanisms in disease progression are poorly understood. Using multiomic approaches, we elucidated the responses of ileal epithelial cells (iECs) and gut microbiome to VB12 dietary restriction. Here, VB12 deficiency impaired the transcriptional and metabolic programming of iECs and reduced epithelial mitochondrial respiration and carnitine shuttling during intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) infection. Fecal microbial and untargeted metabolomic profiling identified marked changes related to VB12 deficiency, including reductions of metabolites potentially activating mitochondrial β-oxidation in iECs and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Depletion of SCFA-producing microbes by streptomycin treatment decreased the VB12-dependent STm protection. Moreover, compromised mitochondrial function of iECs correlated with declined cell capability to utilize oxygen, leading to uncontrolled oxygen-dependent STm expansion in VB12-deficient mice. Our findings uncovered previously unrecognized mechanisms through which VB12 coordinates ileal epithelial mitochondrial homeostasis and gut microbiota to regulate epithelial oxygenation, resulting in the control of aerobic STm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ge
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX.,Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX.,Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX.,Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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42
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Dambrova M, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Vilskersts R, Nordberg D, Attwood MM, Smesny S, Sen ZD, Guo AC, Oler E, Tian S, Zheng J, Wishart DS, Liepinsh E, Schiöth HB. Acylcarnitines: Nomenclature, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Potential, Drug Targets, and Clinical Trials. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:506-551. [PMID: 35710135 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acylcarnitines are fatty acid metabolites that play important roles in many cellular energy metabolism pathways. They have historically been used as important diagnostic markers for inborn errors of fatty acid oxidation and are being intensively studied as markers of energy metabolism, deficits in mitochondrial and peroxisomal β -oxidation activity, insulin resistance, and physical activity. Acylcarnitines are increasingly being identified as important indicators in metabolic studies of many diseases, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, depression, neurologic disorders, and certain cancers. The US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug L-carnitine, along with short-chain acylcarnitines (acetylcarnitine and propionylcarnitine), is now widely used as a dietary supplement. In light of their growing importance, we have undertaken an extensive review of acylcarnitines and provided a detailed description of their identity, nomenclature, classification, biochemistry, pathophysiology, supplementary use, potential drug targets, and clinical trials. We also summarize these updates in the Human Metabolome Database, which now includes information on the structures, chemical formulae, chemical/spectral properties, descriptions, and pathways for 1240 acylcarnitines. This work lays a solid foundation for identifying, characterizing, and understanding acylcarnitines in human biosamples. We also discuss the emerging opportunities for using acylcarnitines as biomarkers and as dietary interventions or supplements for many wide-ranging indications. The opportunity to identify new drug targets involved in controlling acylcarnitine levels is also discussed. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review provides a comprehensive overview of acylcarnitines, including their nomenclature, structure and biochemistry, and use as disease biomarkers and pharmaceutical agents. We present updated information contained in the Human Metabolome Database website as well as substantial mapping of the known biochemical pathways associated with acylcarnitines, thereby providing a strong foundation for further clarification of their physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Marina Makrecka-Kuka
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Janis Kuka
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Reinis Vilskersts
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Didi Nordberg
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Misty M Attwood
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Stefan Smesny
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Zumrut Duygu Sen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - An Chi Guo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Eponine Oler
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Siyang Tian
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Jiamin Zheng
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - David S Wishart
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia (M.D., M.M.-K., J.K., R.V., E.L.); Section of Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, (D.N., M.M.A., H.B.S.); Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (S.S., Z.D.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (A.C.G., E.O., S.T., J.Z., D.S.W.)
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Xie Z, Aitken D, Liu M, Lei G, Jones G, Cicuttini F, Zhai G. Serum Metabolomic Signatures for Knee Cartilage Volume Loss over 10 Years in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060869. [PMID: 35743900 PMCID: PMC9225196 DOI: 10.3390/life12060869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disorder characterized by joint structural pathological changes with the loss of articular cartilage as its hallmark. Tools that can predict cartilage loss would help identify people at high risk, thus preventing OA development. The recent advance of the metabolomics provides a new avenue to systematically investigate metabolic alterations in disease and identify biomarkers for early diagnosis. Using a metabolomics approach, the current study aimed to identify serum metabolomic signatures for predicting knee cartilage volume loss over 10 years in the Tasmania Older Adult Cohort (TASOAC). Cartilage volume was measured in the medial, lateral, and patellar compartments of the knee by MRI at baseline and follow-up. Changes in cartilage volume over 10 years were calculated as percentage change per year. Fasting serum samples collected at 2.6-year follow-up were metabolomically profiled using the TMIC Prime Metabolomics Profiling Assay and pairwise metabolite ratios as the proxies of enzymatic reaction were calculated. Linear regression was used to identify metabolite ratio(s) associated with change in cartilage volume in each of the knee compartments with adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The significance level was defined at α = 3.0 × 10−6 to control multiple testing. A total of 344 participants (51% females) were included in the study. The mean age was 62.83 ± 6.13 years and the mean BMI was 27.48 ± 4.41 kg/m2 at baseline. The average follow-up time was 10.84 ± 0.66 years. Cartilage volume was reduced by 1.34 ± 0.72%, 1.06 ± 0.58%, and 0.98 ± 0.46% per year in the medial, lateral, and patellar compartments, respectively. Our data showed that the increased ratios of hexadecenoylcarnitine (C16:1) to tetradecanoylcarnitine (C14) and C16:1 to dodecanoylcarnitine (C12) were associated with 0.12 ± 0.02% reduction per year in patellar cartilage volume (both p < 3.03 × 10−6). In conclusion, our data suggested that alteration of long chain fatty acid β-oxidation was involved in patellar cartilage loss. While confirmation is needed, the ratios of C16:1 to C14 and C12 might be used to predict long-term cartilage loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikun Xie
- Division of Biomedical Sciences (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (Z.X.); (M.L.)
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Dawn Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia; (D.A.); (G.J.)
| | - Ming Liu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (Z.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia; (D.A.); (G.J.)
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Melbourne 3006, Australia;
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Division of Biomedical Sciences (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (Z.X.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-709-864-6683; Fax: +1-709-864-6531
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Tragni V, Primiano G, Tummolo A, Cafferati Beltrame L, La Piana G, Sgobba MN, Cavalluzzi MM, Paterno G, Gorgoglione R, Volpicella M, Guerra L, Marzulli D, Servidei S, De Grassi A, Petrosillo G, Lentini G, Pierri CL. Personalized Medicine in Mitochondrial Health and Disease: Molecular Basis of Therapeutic Approaches Based on Nutritional Supplements and Their Analogs. Molecules 2022; 27:3494. [PMID: 35684429 PMCID: PMC9182050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) may result from mutations affecting nuclear or mitochondrial genes, encoding mitochondrial proteins, or non-protein-coding mitochondrial RNA. Despite the great variability of affected genes, in the most severe cases, a neuromuscular and neurodegenerative phenotype is observed, and no specific therapy exists for a complete recovery from the disease. The most used treatments are symptomatic and based on the administration of antioxidant cocktails combined with antiepileptic/antipsychotic drugs and supportive therapy for multiorgan involvement. Nevertheless, the real utility of antioxidant cocktail treatments for patients affected by MDs still needs to be scientifically demonstrated. Unfortunately, clinical trials for antioxidant therapies using α-tocopherol, ascorbate, glutathione, riboflavin, niacin, acetyl-carnitine and coenzyme Q have met a limited success. Indeed, it would be expected that the employed antioxidants can only be effective if they are able to target the specific mechanism, i.e., involving the central and peripheral nervous system, responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease. Noteworthily, very often the phenotypes characterizing MD patients are associated with mutations in proteins whose function does not depend on specific cofactors. Conversely, the administration of the antioxidant cocktails might determine the suppression of endogenous oxidants resulting in deleterious effects on cell viability and/or toxicity for patients. In order to avoid toxicity effects and before administering the antioxidant therapy, it might be useful to ascertain the blood serum levels of antioxidants and cofactors to be administered in MD patients. It would be also worthwhile to check the localization of mutations affecting proteins whose function should depend (less or more directly) on the cofactors to be administered, for estimating the real need and predicting the success of the proposed cofactor/antioxidant-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tragni
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Guido Primiano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (S.S.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Albina Tummolo
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Via Amendola 207, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.)
| | - Lucas Cafferati Beltrame
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Gianluigi La Piana
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Maria Noemi Sgobba
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giulia Paterno
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Via Amendola 207, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.)
| | - Ruggiero Gorgoglione
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Mariateresa Volpicella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Guerra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Domenico Marzulli
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Serenella Servidei
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (S.S.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Petrosillo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
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Zhang N, Jia X, Fan S, Wu B, Wang S, OuYang B. NMR Characterization of Long-Chain Fatty Acylcarnitine Binding to the Mitochondrial Carnitine/Acylcarnitine Carrier. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094608. [PMID: 35563000 PMCID: PMC9103206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (CAC) transports short-, medium- and long-carbon chain acylcarnitines across the mitochondrial inner membrane in exchange for carnitine. How CAC recognizes the substrates with various fatty acyl groups, especially long-chain fatty acyl groups, remains unclear. Here, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, we have shown that the CAC protein reconstituted into a micelle system exhibits a typical six transmembrane structure of the mitochondrial carrier family. The chemical shift perturbation patterns of different fatty acylcarnitines suggested that the segment A76–G81 in CAC specifically responds to the long-chain fatty acylcarnitine. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of palmitoyl-L-carnitine inside the CAC channel showed the respective interaction and motion of the long-chain acylcarnitine in CAC at the cytosol-open state and matrix-open state. Our data provided a molecular-based understanding of CAC structure and transport mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaopu Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (X.J.); (S.F.)
| | - Shuai Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (X.J.); (S.F.)
| | - Bin Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, ZhangJiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Shuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (X.J.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (B.O.); Tel.: +86-021-54920143 (B.O.)
| | - Bo OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (B.O.); Tel.: +86-021-54920143 (B.O.)
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Carnitines as Mitochondrial Modulators of Oocyte and Embryo Bioenergetics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040745. [PMID: 35453430 PMCID: PMC9024607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the importance of bioenergetics in the reproductive process has emerged. For its energetic demand, the oocyte relies on numerous mitochondria, whose activity increases during embryo development under a fine regulation to limit ROS production. Healthy oocyte mitochondria require a balance of pyruvate and fatty acid oxidation. Transport of activated fatty acids into mitochondria requires carnitine. In this regard, the interest in the role of carnitines as mitochondrial modulators in oocyte and embryos is increasing. Carnitine pool includes the un-esterified l-carnitine (LC) and carnitine esters, such as acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC). In this review, carnitine medium supplementation for counteracting energetic and redox unbalance during in vitro culture and cryopreservation is reported. Although most studies have focused on LC, there is new evidence that the addition of ALC and/or PLC may boost LC effects. Pathways activated by carnitines include antiapoptotic, antiglycative, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory signaling. Nevertheless, the potential of carnitine to improve energetic metabolism and oocyte and embryo competence remains poorly investigated. The importance of carnitine as a mitochondrial modulator may suggest that this molecule may exert a beneficial role in ovarian disfunctions associated with metabolic and mitochondrial alterations, including PCOS and reproductive aging.
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Zhou D, Cheng Y, Yin X, Miao H, Hu Z, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wu B, Huang X. Newborn Screening for Mitochondrial Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Cycle Disorders in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Genet 2022; 13:823687. [PMID: 35360862 PMCID: PMC8964036 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle is a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases of mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids tested in NBS program in Zhejiang province, China. Large-scale studies reporting disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle among Chinese population in NBS are limited. The aim of this study was to explain the incidence and biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics of disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle in NBS. Methods: From January 2009 to June 2021, 4,070,375 newborns were screened by tandem mass spectrometry. Newborns with elevated C0 levels and/or C0/(C16 + C18) ratios were identified as having CPT1D, whereas those with decreased C0 levels and/or C0/(C16 + C18) ratios and/or elevated C12-C18:1 level were identified as having CPT2D or CACTD. Suspected positive patients were further subjected to genetic analysis. All confirmed patients received biochemical and nutritional treatment, as well as follow-up sessions. Results: Overall, 20 patients (12 with CPT1D, 4 with CPT2D, and 4 with CACTD) with disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle were diagnosed by NBS. The overall incidence of these disorders was one in 203,518 newborns. In toal, 11 patients with CPT1D exhibited increased C0 levels and C0/(C16 + C18) ratios. In all patients of CPT2D, all long chain acyl-carnitines levels were elevated except for case 14 having normal C12 levels. In all patients with CACTD, all long chain acyl-carnitines levels were elevated except for case 17 having normal C12, C18, and C18:1 levels. Most patients with CPT1D were asymptomatic. Overall, two of 4 patients with CPT2D did not present any clinical symptom, but other two patients died. In 4 cases with CACTD, the disease was onset after birth, and 75% patients died. In total, 14 distinct mutations were identified in CPT1A gene, of which 11 were novel and c.1910C > A (p.S637T), c.740C > T (p.P247L), and c.1328T > C (p.L443P) were the most common mutations. Overall, 3 novel mutations were identified in CPT2 gene, and the most frequent mutation was c.1711C > A (p.P571T). The most common variant in SLC25A20 gene was c.199-10T > G. Conclusion: Disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle can be detected by NBS, and the combined incidence of these disorders in newborns was rare in Zhejiang province, China. Most patients presented typical acylcarnitine profiles. Most patients with CPT1D presented normal growth and development, whereas those with CPT2D/CACTD exhibited a high mortality rate. Several novel CPT1A and CPT2 variants were identified, which expanded the variant spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshan Yin
- School of Health in Social Science, The University of Edinburg, Edinburg, United Kingdom
| | - Haixia Miao
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hu
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Yang
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Bosheng Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benqing Wu
- Children's Medical Center, University of Chinese Academy of Science - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinwen Huang
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, China
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Palmieri F, Monné M, Fiermonte G, Palmieri L. Mitochondrial transport and metabolism of the vitamin B-derived cofactors thiamine pyrophosphate, coenzyme A, FAD and NAD + , and related diseases: A review. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:592-617. [PMID: 35304818 PMCID: PMC9311062 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple mitochondrial matrix enzymes playing key roles in metabolism require cofactors for their action. Due to the high impermeability of the mitochondrial inner membrane, these cofactors need to be synthesized within the mitochondria or be imported, themselves or one of their precursors, into the organelles. Transporters belonging to the protein family of mitochondrial carriers have been identified to transport the coenzymes: thiamine pyrophosphate, coenzyme A, FAD and NAD+ , which are all structurally similar to nucleotides and derived from different B-vitamins. These mitochondrial cofactors bind more or less tightly to their enzymes and, after having been involved in a specific reaction step, are regenerated, spontaneously or by other enzymes, to return to their active form, ready for the next catalysis round. Disease-causing mutations in the mitochondrial cofactor carrier genes compromise not only the transport reaction but also the activity of all mitochondrial enzymes using that particular cofactor and the metabolic pathways in which the cofactor-dependent enzymes are involved. The mitochondrial transport, metabolism and diseases of the cofactors thiamine pyrophosphate, coenzyme A, FAD and NAD+ are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
| | - Magnus Monné
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
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Simonsen D, Cady N, Zhang C, Shrode RL, McCormick ML, Spitz DR, Chimenti MS, Wang K, Mangalam A, Lehmler HJ. The Effects of Benoxacor on the Liver and Gut Microbiome of C57BL/6 Mice. Toxicol Sci 2022; 186:102-117. [PMID: 34850242 PMCID: PMC9019840 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of many "inert" ingredients of pesticide formulations, such as safeners, is poorly characterized, despite evidence that humans may be exposed to these chemicals. Analysis of ToxCast data for dichloroacetamide safeners with the ToxPi tool identified benoxacor as the safener with the highest potential for toxicity, especially liver toxicity. Benoxacor was subsequently administered to mice via oral gavage for 3 days at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg bodyweight (b.w.). Bodyweight-adjusted liver and testes weights were significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg b.w. group. There were no overt pathologies in either the liver or the intestine. 16S rRNA analysis of the cecal microbiome revealed no effects of benoxacor on α- or β-diversity; however, changes were observed in the abundance of certain bacteria. RNAseq analysis identified 163 hepatic genes affected by benoxacor exposure. Benoxacor exposure expressed a gene regulation profile similar to dichloroacetic acid and the fungicide sedaxane. Metabolomic analysis identified 9 serum and 15 liver metabolites that were affected by benoxacor exposure, changes that were not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was not altered by benoxacor exposure. In vitro metabolism studies with liver microsomes and cytosol from male mice demonstrated that benoxacor is enantioselectively metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, carboxylesterases, and glutathione S-transferases. These findings suggest that the minor toxic effects of benoxacor may be due to its rapid metabolism to toxic metabolites, such as dichloroacetic acid. This result challenges the assumption that inert ingredients of pesticide formulations are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Simonsen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Nicole Cady
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Rachel L Shrode
- Department of Informatics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael L McCormick
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael S Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Ashutosh Mangalam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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50
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Virmani MA, Cirulli M. The Role of l-Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and Disease Initiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052717. [PMID: 35269860 PMCID: PMC8910660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria control cellular fate by various mechanisms and are key drivers of cellular metabolism. Although the main function of mitochondria is energy production, they are also involved in cellular detoxification, cellular stabilization, as well as control of ketogenesis and glucogenesis. Conditions like neurodegenerative disease, insulin resistance, endocrine imbalances, liver and kidney disease are intimately linked to metabolic disorders or inflexibility and to mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction due to a relative lack of micronutrients and substrates is implicated in the development of many chronic diseases. l-carnitine is one of the key nutrients for proper mitochondrial function and is notable for its role in fatty acid oxidation. l-carnitine also plays a major part in protecting cellular membranes, preventing fatty acid accumulation, modulating ketogenesis and glucogenesis and in the elimination of toxic metabolites. l-carnitine deficiency has been observed in many diseases including organic acidurias, inborn errors of metabolism, endocrine imbalances, liver and kidney disease. The protective effects of micronutrients targeting mitochondria hold considerable promise for the management of age and metabolic related diseases. Preventing nutrient deficiencies like l-carnitine can be beneficial in maintaining metabolic flexibility via the optimization of mitochondrial function. This paper reviews the critical role of l-carnitine in mitochondrial function, metabolic flexibility and in other pathophysiological cellular mechanisms.
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