1
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Tanaka Y, Farkhondeh A, Yang W, Ueno H, Noda M, Hirokawa N. Kinesin-1 mediates proper ER folding of the Ca V1.2 channel and maintains mouse glucose homeostasis. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00246-y. [PMID: 39322740 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic beta cells is a principal mechanism for systemic glucose homeostasis, of which regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. Here we show that kinesin molecular motor KIF5B is essential for GSIS through maintaining the voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.2 levels, by facilitating an Hsp70-to-Hsp90 chaperone exchange to pass through the quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Phenotypic analyses of KIF5B conditional knockout (cKO) mouse beta cells revealed significant abolishment of glucose-stimulated calcium transients, which altered the behaviors of insulin granules via abnormally stabilized cortical F-actin. KIF5B and Hsp90 colocalize to microdroplets on ER sheets, where CaV1.2 but not Kir6.2 is accumulated. In the absence of KIF5B, CaV1.2 fails to be transferred from Hsp70 to Hsp90 via STIP1, and is likely degraded via the proteasomal pathway. KIF5B and Hsc70 overexpression increased CaV1.2 expression via enhancing its chaperone binding. Thus, ER sheets may serve as the place of KIF5B- and Hsp90-dependent chaperone exchange, which predominantly facilitates CaV1.2 production in beta cells and properly enterprises GSIS against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tanaka
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atena Farkhondeh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wenxing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ueno
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Ichikawa Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hirokawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Department of Advanced Morphological Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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2
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Wang Y, Feng C, Yu B, Wang J, Chen W, Song C, Ji X, Guo R, Cheng G, Chen H, Wang X, Zhang L, Li Z, Jiang J, Xie C, Du H, Zhang X. Enhanced Effects of Intermittent Fasting by Magnetic Fields in Severe Diabetes. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0468. [PMID: 39238846 PMCID: PMC11376831 DOI: 10.34133/research.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) is a convenient dietary intervention for multiple diseases, including type 2 diabetes. However, whether it can be used as a long-term antidiabetic approach is still unknown. Here, we confirm that IF alone is beneficial for both moderate and severe diabetic mice, but its antidiabetic effects clearly diminish at later stages, especially for severe diabetic db/db mice, which have obviously impaired autophagy. We found that static magnetic fields can directly promote actin assembly and boost IF-induced autophagy. Consequently, the pancreatic islet and liver were improved, and the antidiabetic effects of IF were boosted. In fact, at later stages, combined static magnetic field and IF could reduce the blood glucose level of moderate type 2 diabetic mice by 40.5% (P < 0.001) and severe type 2 diabetes by 34.4% (P < 0.05), when IF alone no longer has significant blood glucose reduction effects. Therefore, although IF is generally beneficial for diabetes, our data reveal its insufficiency for late-stage diabetes, which can be compensated by a simple, noninvasive, long-lasting, and nonpharmacological strategy for effective long-term diabetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanlin Feng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Biao Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weili Chen
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Song
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinmiao Ji
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruowen Guo
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanxiao Chen
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jialiang Jiang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Can Xie
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haifeng Du
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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3
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Stickel KC, Shah NR, Claeboe ET, Orr KS, Mosley AL, Doud EH, Belecky-Adams TL, Baucum AJ. Mechanisms of spinophilin-dependent pancreas dysregulation in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E155-E171. [PMID: 38630048 PMCID: PMC11427100 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00099.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Spinophilin is an F-actin binding and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) targeting protein that acts as a scaffold of PP1 to its substrates. Spinophilin knockout (Spino-/-) mice have decreased fat mass, increased lean mass, and improved glucose tolerance, with no difference in feeding behaviors. Although spinophilin is enriched in neurons, its roles in nonneuronal tissues, such as β cells of the pancreatic islets, are unclear. We have corroborated and expanded upon previous studies to determine that Spino-/- mice have decreased weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in two different models of obesity. We have identified multiple putative spinophilin-interacting proteins isolated from intact pancreas and observed increased interactions of spinophilin with exocrine, ribosomal, and cytoskeletal protein classes that normally act to mediate peptide hormone production, processing, and/or release in Leprdb/db and/or high-fat diet-fed (HFF) models of obesity. In addition, we have found that spinophilin interacts with proteins from similar classes in isolated islets, suggesting a role for spinophilin in the pancreatic islet. Consistent with a pancreatic β cell type-specific role for spinophilin, using our recently described conditional spinophilin knockout mice, we found that loss of spinophilin specifically in pancreatic β cells improved glucose tolerance without impacting body weight in chow-fed mice. Our data further support the role of spinophilin in mediating pathophysiological changes in body weight and whole body metabolism associated with obesity. Our data provide the first evidence that pancreatic spinophilin protein interactions are modulated by obesity and that loss of spinophilin specifically in pancreatic β cells impacts whole body glucose tolerance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To our knowledge, these data are the first to demonstrate that obesity impacts spinophilin protein interactions in the pancreas and identify spinophilin specifically in pancreatic β cells as a modulator of whole body glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn C Stickel
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Nikhil R Shah
- Medical Neurosciences and Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Emily T Claeboe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Kara S Orr
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Amber L Mosley
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Center for Proteome Analysis, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Emma H Doud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Center for Proteome Analysis, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Teri L Belecky-Adams
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Anthony J Baucum
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
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4
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Ng NHJ, Ghosh S, Bok CM, Ching C, Low BSJ, Chen JT, Lim E, Miserendino MC, Tan YS, Hoon S, Teo AKK. HNF4A and HNF1A exhibit tissue specific target gene regulation in pancreatic beta cells and hepatocytes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4288. [PMID: 38909044 PMCID: PMC11193738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
HNF4A and HNF1A encode transcription factors that are important for the development and function of the pancreas and liver. Mutations in both genes have been directly linked to Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. To better define the pleiotropic gene regulatory roles of HNF4A and HNF1A, we generated a comprehensive genome-wide map of their binding targets in pancreatic and hepatic cells using ChIP-Seq. HNF4A was found to bind and regulate known (ACY3, HAAO, HNF1A, MAP3K11) and previously unidentified (ABCD3, CDKN2AIP, USH1C, VIL1) loci in a tissue-dependent manner. Functional follow-up highlighted a potential role for HAAO and USH1C as regulators of beta cell function. Unlike the loss-of-function HNF4A/MODY1 variant I271fs, the T2D-associated HNF4A variant (rs1800961) was found to activate AKAP1, GAD2 and HOPX gene expression, potentially due to changes in DNA-binding affinity. We also found HNF1A to bind to and regulate GPR39 expression in beta cells. Overall, our studies provide a rich resource for uncovering downstream molecular targets of HNF4A and HNF1A that may contribute to beta cell or hepatic cell (dys)function, and set up a framework for gene discovery and functional validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Hui Jin Ng
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Soumita Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Chek Mei Bok
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Carmen Ching
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Blaise Su Jun Low
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Juin Ting Chen
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Euodia Lim
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - María Clara Miserendino
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Shawn Hoon
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, IMCB, A*STAR, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Adrian Kee Keong Teo
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme (TRP), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
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5
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Woolley L, Burbidge A, Vermant J, Christakopoulos F. A microrheological examination of insulin-secreting β-cells in healthy and diabetic-like conditions. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3464-3472. [PMID: 38573072 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01141k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells regulate glucose homeostasis through glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, which is hindered in type-2 diabetes. Transport of the insulin vesicles is expected to be affected by changes in the viscoelastic and transport properties of the cytoplasm. These are evaluated in situ through particle-tracking measurements using a rat insulinoma β-cell line. The use of inert probes assists in decoupling the material properties of the cytoplasm from the active transport through cellular processes. The effect of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is examined, and the subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton, at constant effects of cell activity, is shown to result in reduced mobility of the tracer particles. Induction of diabetic-like conditions is identified to alter the mean-squared displacement of the passive particles in the cytoplasm and diminish its reaction to glucose stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Woolley
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Adam Burbidge
- Nestlé Research, Route de Jorat 57, vers-chez-les Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Vermant
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Fotis Christakopoulos
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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6
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Gu G, Brown M, Agan V, Nevills S, Hu R, Simmons A, Xu Y, Yang Y, Yagan M, Najam S, Dadi P, Sampson L, Magnuson M, Jacobson D, Lau K, Hodges E. Endocrine islet β-cell subtypes with differential function are derived from biochemically distinct embryonic endocrine islet progenitors that are regulated by maternal nutrients. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3946483. [PMID: 38496675 PMCID: PMC10942487 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3946483/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine islet b cells comprise heterogenous cell subsets. Yet when/how these subsets are produced and how stable they are remain unknown. Addressing these questions is important for preventing/curing diabetes, because lower numbers of b cells with better secretory function is a high risk of this disease. Using combinatorial cell lineage tracing, scRNA-seq, and DNA methylation analysis, we show here that embryonic islet progenitors with distinct gene expression and DNA methylation produce b-cell subtypes of different function and viability in adult mice. The subtype with better function is enriched for genes involved in vesicular production/trafficking, stress response, and Ca2+-secretion coupling, which further correspond to differential DNA methylation in putative enhancers of these genes. Maternal overnutrition, a major diabetes risk factor, reduces the proportion of endocrine progenitors of the b-cell subtype with better-function via deregulating DNA methyl transferase 3a. Intriguingly, the gene signature that defines mouse b-cell subtypes can reliably divide human cells into two sub-populations while the proportion of b cells with better-function is reduced in diabetic donors. The implication of these results is that modulating DNA methylation in islet progenitors using maternal food supplements can be explored to improve b-cell function in the prevention and therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yilin Yang
- Vanderbilty University School of Medicine
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7
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Szablewski L. Changes in Cells Associated with Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2397. [PMID: 38397072 PMCID: PMC10889819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted by pancreatic β-cells. It plays an important role as a metabolic hormone. Insulin influences the metabolism of glucose, regulating plasma glucose levels and stimulating glucose storage in organs such as the liver, muscles and adipose tissue. It is involved in fat metabolism, increasing the storage of triglycerides and decreasing lipolysis. Ketone body metabolism also depends on insulin action, as insulin reduces ketone body concentrations and influences protein metabolism. It increases nitrogen retention, facilitates the transport of amino acids into cells and increases the synthesis of proteins. Insulin also inhibits protein breakdown and is involved in cellular growth and proliferation. On the other hand, defects in the intracellular signaling pathways of insulin may cause several disturbances in human metabolism, resulting in several chronic diseases. Insulin resistance, also known as impaired insulin sensitivity, is due to the decreased reaction of insulin signaling for glucose levels, seen when glucose use in response to an adequate concentration of insulin is impaired. Insulin resistance may cause, for example, increased plasma insulin levels. That state, called hyperinsulinemia, impairs metabolic processes and is observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Hyperinsulinemia may increase the risk of initiation, progression and metastasis of several cancers and may cause poor cancer outcomes. Insulin resistance is a health problem worldwide; therefore, mechanisms of insulin resistance, causes and types of insulin resistance and strategies against insulin resistance are described in this review. Attention is also paid to factors that are associated with the development of insulin resistance, the main and characteristic symptoms of particular syndromes, plus other aspects of severe insulin resistance. This review mainly focuses on the description and analysis of changes in cells due to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Szablewski
- Chair and Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego Str. 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Li W, Li A, Yu B, Zhang X, Liu X, White KL, Stevens RC, Baumeister W, Sali A, Jasnin M, Sun L. In situ structure of actin remodeling during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion using cryo-electron tomography. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1311. [PMID: 38346988 PMCID: PMC10861521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Actin mediates insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells through remodeling. Hampered by limited resolution, previous studies have offered an ambiguous depiction as depolymerization and repolymerization. We report the in situ structure of actin remodeling in INS-1E β-cells during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion at nanoscale resolution. After remodeling, the actin filament network at the cell periphery exhibits three marked differences: 12% of actin filaments reorient quasi-orthogonally to the ventral membrane; the filament network mainly remains as cell-stabilizing bundles but partially reconfigures into a less compact arrangement; actin filaments anchored to the ventral membrane reorganize from a "netlike" to a "blooming" architecture. Furthermore, the density of actin filaments and microtubules around insulin secretory granules decreases, while actin filaments and microtubules become more densely packed. The actin filament network after remodeling potentially precedes the transport and release of insulin secretory granules. These findings advance our understanding of actin remodeling and its role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bing Yu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Andrej Sali
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Marion Jasnin
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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9
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Ghimire K, Kale A, Li J, Julovi SM, O'Connell P, Grey ST, Hawthorne WJ, Gunton JE, Rogers NM. A metabolic role for CD47 in pancreatic β cell insulin secretion and islet transplant outcomes. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd2387. [PMID: 37820008 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a global public health burden and is characterized clinically by relative or absolute insulin deficiency. Therapeutic agents that stimulate insulin secretion and improve insulin sensitivity are in high demand as treatment options. CD47 is a cell surface glycoprotein implicated in multiple cellular functions including recognition of self, angiogenesis, and nitric oxide signaling; however, its role in the regulation of insulin secretion remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that CD47 receptor signaling inhibits insulin release from human as well as mouse pancreatic β cells and that it can be pharmacologically exploited to boost insulin secretion in both models. CD47 depletion stimulated insulin granule exocytosis via activation of the Rho GTPase Cdc42 in β cells and improved glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity in vivo. CD47 blockade enhanced syngeneic islet transplantation efficiency and expedited the return to euglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Further, anti-CD47 antibody treatment delayed the onset of diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and protected them from overt diabetes. Our findings identify CD47 as a regulator of insulin secretion, and its manipulation in β cells offers a therapeutic opportunity for diabetes and islet transplantation by correcting insulin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar Ghimire
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Atharva Kale
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jennifer Li
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Sohel M Julovi
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Philip O'Connell
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Transplantation Immunology Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wayne J Hawthorne
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jenny E Gunton
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology, WIMR, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research (WIMR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
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10
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Barbagallo C, Stella M, Di Mauro S, Scamporrino A, Filippello A, Scionti F, Di Martino MT, Purrello M, Ragusa M, Purrello F, Piro S. An Uncharacterised lncRNA Coded by the ASAP1 Locus Is Downregulated in Serum of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13485. [PMID: 37686290 PMCID: PMC10488254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and multifactorial disease characterised by high blood glucose. Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), the most frequent clinical condition accounting for about 90% of all DM cases worldwide, is a chronic disease with slow development usually affecting middle-aged or elderly individuals. T2D represents a significant problem of public health today because its incidence is constantly growing among both children and adults. It is also estimated that underdiagnosis prevalence would strongly further increase the real incidence of the disease, with about half of T2D patients being undiagnosed. Therefore, it is important to increase diagnosis accuracy. The current interest in RNA molecules (both protein- and non-protein-coding) as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment lies in the ease and low cost of isolation and quantification with basic molecular biology techniques. In the present study, we analysed the transcriptome in serum samples collected from T2D patients and unaffected individuals to identify potential RNA-based biomarkers. Microarray-based profiling and subsequent validation using Real-Time PCR identified an uncharacterised long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcribed from the ASAP1 locus as a potential diagnostic biomarker. ROC curve analysis showed that a molecular signature including the lncRNA and the clinicopathological parameters of T2D patients as well as unaffected individuals showed a better diagnostic performance compared with the glycated haemoglobin test (HbA1c). This result suggests that the application of this biomarker in clinical practice would help to improve the diagnosis, and therefore the clinical management, of T2D patients. The proposed biomarker would be useful in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine (3PM/PPPM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.B.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Michele Stella
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.B.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Stefania Di Mauro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (F.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessandra Scamporrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (F.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Agnese Filippello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (F.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (M.T.D.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (M.T.D.M.)
| | - Michele Purrello
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.B.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.B.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (F.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Salvatore Piro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (F.P.); (S.P.)
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11
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Lee EY, Hughes JW. Rediscovering Primary Cilia in Pancreatic Islets. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:454-469. [PMID: 37105527 PMCID: PMC10404530 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-based sensory and signaling organelles on the surfaces of most eukaryotic cells. Despite their early description by microscopy studies, islet cilia had not been examined in the functional context until recent decades. In pancreatic islets as in other tissues, primary cilia facilitate crucial developmental and signaling pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. Many human developmental and genetic disorders are associated with ciliary dysfunction, some manifesting as obesity and diabetes. Understanding the basis for metabolic diseases in human ciliopathies has been aided by close examination of cilia action in pancreatic islets at cellular and molecular levels. In this article, we review the evidence for ciliary expression on islet cells, known roles of cilia in pancreas development and islet hormone secretion, and summarize metabolic manifestations of human ciliopathy syndromes. We discuss emerging data on primary cilia regulation of islet cell signaling and the structural basis of cilia-mediated cell crosstalk, and offer our interpretation on the role of cilia in glucose homeostasis and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jing W. Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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12
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Akter T, Zahan MS, Nawal N, Rahman MH, Tanjum TN, Arafat KI, Moni A, Islam MN, Uddin MJ. Potentials of curcumin against polycystic ovary syndrome: Pharmacological insights and therapeutic promises. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16957. [PMID: 37346347 PMCID: PMC10279838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women (4%-20%) when the ovaries create abnormally high levels of androgens, the male sex hormones that are typically present in women in trace amounts. The primary characteristics of PCOS include oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance. Generally, metformin, spironolactone, eflornithine and oral contraceptives are used to treat PCOS, despite their several side effects. Therefore, finding a potential candidate for treating PCOS is necessary. Curcumin is a major active natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa). A substantial number of studies have shown that curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, antibacterial, and anti-apoptotic activities. In addition, curcumin reduces hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance in various conditions, including PCOS. The review highlighted the therapeutic aspects of curcumin against the pathophysiology of PCOS. We also offer a hypothesis to improve the development of medicines based on curcumin against PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzina Akter
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nafisa Nawal
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Akhi Moni
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nazrul Islam
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
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13
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Xu W, Qadir MMF, Nasteska D, Mota de Sa P, Gorvin CM, Blandino-Rosano M, Evans CR, Ho T, Potapenko E, Veluthakal R, Ashford FB, Bitsi S, Fan J, Bhondeley M, Song K, Sure VN, Sakamuri SSVP, Schiffer L, Beatty W, Wyatt R, Frigo DE, Liu X, Katakam PV, Arlt W, Buck J, Levin LR, Hu T, Kolls J, Burant CF, Tomas A, Merrins MJ, Thurmond DC, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Hodson DJ, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Architecture of androgen receptor pathways amplifying glucagon-like peptide-1 insulinotropic action in male pancreatic β cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112529. [PMID: 37200193 PMCID: PMC10312392 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Male mice lacking the androgen receptor (AR) in pancreatic β cells exhibit blunted glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), leading to hyperglycemia. Testosterone activates an extranuclear AR in β cells to amplify glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) insulinotropic action. Here, we examined the architecture of AR targets that regulate GLP-1 insulinotropic action in male β cells. Testosterone cooperates with GLP-1 to enhance cAMP production at the plasma membrane and endosomes via: (1) increased mitochondrial production of CO2, activating the HCO3--sensitive soluble adenylate cyclase; and (2) increased Gαs recruitment to GLP-1 receptor and AR complexes, activating transmembrane adenylate cyclase. Additionally, testosterone enhances GSIS in human islets via a focal adhesion kinase/SRC/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 actin remodeling cascade. We describe the testosterone-stimulated AR interactome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that contribute to these effects. This study identifies AR genomic and non-genomic actions that enhance GLP-1-stimulated insulin exocytosis in male β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - M M Fahd Qadir
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paula Mota de Sa
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Caroline M Gorvin
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Charles R Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thuong Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Evgeniy Potapenko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fiona B Ashford
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stavroula Bitsi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jia Fan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Manika Bhondeley
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Kejing Song
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Venkata N Sure
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Siva S V P Sakamuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lina Schiffer
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wandy Beatty
- Molecular Imaging Facility, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachael Wyatt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Departments of Cancer Systems Imaging and Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Prasad V Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Jochen Buck
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lonny R Levin
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Tony Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Debbie C Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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14
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Ruiz-Otero N, Kuruvilla R. Role of Delta/Notch-like EGF-related receptor in blood glucose homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1161085. [PMID: 37223028 PMCID: PMC10200888 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1161085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell interactions are necessary for optimal endocrine functions in the pancreas. β-cells, characterized by the expression and secretion of the hormone insulin, are a major constituent of functional micro-organs in the pancreas known as islets of Langerhans. Cell-cell contacts between β-cells are required to regulate insulin production and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, which are key determinants of blood glucose homeostasis. Contact-dependent interactions between β-cells are mediated by gap junctions and cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin and N-CAM. Recent genome-wide studies have implicated Delta/Notch-like EGF-related receptor (Dner) as a potential susceptibility locus for Type 2 Diabetes in humans. DNER is a transmembrane protein and a proposed Notch ligand. DNER has been implicated in neuron-glia development and cell-cell interactions. Studies herein demonstrate that DNER is expressed in β-cells with an onset during early postnatal life and sustained throughout adulthood in mice. DNER loss in adult β-cells in mice (β-Dner cKO mice) disrupted islet architecture and decreased the expression of N-CAM and E-cadherin. β-Dner cKO mice also exhibited impaired glucose tolerance, defects in glucose- and KCl-induced insulin secretion, and decreased insulin sensitivity. Together, these studies suggest that DNER plays a crucial role in mediating islet cell-cell interactions and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelmari Ruiz-Otero
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Azarova I, Polonikov A, Klyosova E. Molecular Genetics of Abnormal Redox Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054738. [PMID: 36902173 PMCID: PMC10003739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and their neutralization by antioxidant enzymes is one of the major pathological disorders underlying the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes the current state of the art advances in understanding the role of abnormal redox homeostasis in the molecular mechanisms of T2D and provides comprehensive information on the characteristics and biological functions of antioxidant and oxidative enzymes, as well as discusses genetic studies conducted so far in order to investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding redox state-regulating enzymes to the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Klyosova
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
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16
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Harada K, Takashima M, Kitaguchi T, Tsuboi T. F-actin determines the time-dependent shift in docking dynamics of glucagon-like peptide-1 granules upon stimulation of secretion. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:657-671. [PMID: 36694275 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although exocytosis can be categorized into several forms based on docking dynamics, temporal regulatory mechanisms of the exocytotic forms are unclear. We explored the dynamics of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) exocytosis in murine GLUTag cells (GLP-1-secreting enteroendocrine L-cells) upon stimulation with deoxycholic acid (DCA) or high K+ to elucidate the mechanisms regulating the balance between the different types of exocytotic forms (pre-docked with the plasma membrane before stimulation; docked after stimulation and subsequently fused; or rapidly recruited and fused after stimulation, without stable docking). GLP-1 exocytosis showed a biphasic pattern, and we found that most exocytosis was from the pre-docked granules with the plasma membrane before stimulation, or granules rapidly fused to the plasma membrane without docking after stimulation. In contrast, granules docked with the plasma membrane after stimuli and eventually fused were predominant thereafter. Inhibition of actin polymerization suppressed exocytosis of the pre-docked granules. These results suggest that the docking dynamics of GLP-1 granules shows a time-dependent biphasic shift, which is determined by interaction with F-actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Harada
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maoko Takashima
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kitaguchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Wang H, Yuan YC, Chang C, Izumi T, Wang HH, Yang JK. The signaling protein GIV/Girdin mediates the Nephrin-dependent insulin secretion of pancreatic islet β cells in response to high glucose. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103045. [PMID: 36822326 PMCID: PMC10040812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells is essential in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that the Nephrin-mediated intercellular junction between β cells is implicated in the regulation of insulin secretion. However, the underlying mechanisms are only partially characterized. Herein we report that GIV is a signaling mediator coordinating glucose-stimulated Nephrin phosphorylation and endocytosis with insulin secretion. We demonstrate that GIV is expressed in mouse islets and cultured β cells. The loss of function study suggests that GIV is essential for the second phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Next, we demonstrate that GIV mediates the high glucose-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of GIV and Nephrin by recruiting Src kinase, which leads to the endocytosis of Nephrin. Subsequently, the glucose-induced GIV/Nephrin/Src signaling events trigger downstream Akt phosphorylation, which activates Rac1-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization, allowing insulin secretory granules to access the plasma membrane for the second-phase secretion. Finally, we found that GIV is downregulated in the islets isolated from diabetic mice, and rescue of GIV ameliorates the β-cell dysfunction to restore the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We conclude that the GIV/Nephrin/Akt signaling axis is vital to regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This mechanism might be further targeted for therapeutic intervention of diabetic mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying-Chao Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Chang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tetsuro Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hong-Hui Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jin-Kui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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18
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Stickel KC, Mosley AL, Doud EH, Belecky-Adams TL, Baucum AJ. Mechanisms of spinophilin-dependent pancreas dysregulation underlying diabesity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.07.527495. [PMID: 36798361 PMCID: PMC9934546 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.07.527495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective Spinophilin is an F-actin binding and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) targeting protein that acts as a scaffold of PP1 to its substrates. Spinophilin knockout (Spino-/-) mice have decreased fat mass, increased lean mass, and improved glucose tolerance, with no difference in feeding behaviors. While spinophilin is enriched in neurons, its roles in non-neuronal tissues, such as beta cells of the pancreatic islets, are unclear. Methods & Results We have corroborated and expanded upon previous studies to determine that Spino-/- mice have decreased weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in two different models of obesity. Using proteomics and immunoblotting-based approaches we identified multiple putative spinophilin interacting proteins isolated from intact pancreas and observed increased interactions of spinophilin with exocrine, ribosomal, and cytoskeletal protein classes that mediate peptide hormone production, processing, and/or release in Leprdb/db and/or high fat-fed (HFF) models of obesity. Moreover, loss of spinophilin specifically in pancreatic beta cells improved glucose tolerance without impacting body weight. Conclusion Our data further support a role for spinophilin in mediating pathophysiological changes in body weight and whole-body metabolism associated with obesity and provide the first evidence that spinophilin mediates obesity-dependent pancreatic dysfunction that leads to deficits in glucose homeostasis or diabesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn C. Stickel
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amber L. Mosley
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Proteome Analysis, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emma H. Doud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Proteome Analysis, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Teri L. Belecky-Adams
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anthony J. Baucum
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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19
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Dong G, Adak S, Spyropoulos G, Zhang Q, Feng C, Yin L, Speck SL, Shyr Z, Morikawa S, Kitamura RA, Kathayat RS, Dickinson BC, Ng XW, Piston DW, Urano F, Remedi MS, Wei X, Semenkovich CF. Palmitoylation couples insulin hypersecretion with β cell failure in diabetes. Cell Metab 2023; 35:332-344.e7. [PMID: 36634673 PMCID: PMC9908855 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia often precedes type 2 diabetes. Palmitoylation, implicated in exocytosis, is reversed by acyl-protein thioesterase 1 (APT1). APT1 biology was altered in pancreatic islets from humans with type 2 diabetes, and APT1 knockdown in nondiabetic islets caused insulin hypersecretion. APT1 knockout mice had islet autonomous increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion that was associated with prolonged insulin granule fusion. Using palmitoylation proteomics, we identified Scamp1 as an APT1 substrate that localized to insulin secretory granules. Scamp1 knockdown caused insulin hypersecretion. Expression of a mutated Scamp1 incapable of being palmitoylated in APT1-deficient cells rescued insulin hypersecretion and nutrient-induced apoptosis. High-fat-fed islet-specific APT1-knockout mice and global APT1-deficient db/db mice showed increased β cell failure. These findings suggest that APT1 is regulated in human islets and that APT1 deficiency causes insulin hypersecretion leading to β cell failure, modeling the evolution of some forms of human type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Dong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Sangeeta Adak
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - George Spyropoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chu Feng
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Li Yin
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sarah L Speck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zeenat Shyr
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shuntaro Morikawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rie Asada Kitamura
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rahul S Kathayat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xue Wen Ng
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David W Piston
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fumihiko Urano
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maria S Remedi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaochao Wei
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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20
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Viloria K, Nasteska D, Ast J, Hasib A, Cuozzo F, Heising S, Briant LJB, Hewison M, Hodson DJ. GC-Globulin/Vitamin D-Binding Protein Is Required for Pancreatic α-Cell Adaptation to Metabolic Stress. Diabetes 2023; 72:275-289. [PMID: 36445949 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
GC-globulin (GC), or vitamin D-binding protein, is a multifunctional protein involved in the transport of circulating vitamin 25(OH)D and fatty acids, as well as actin scavenging. In the pancreatic islets, the gene encoding GC, GC/Gc, is highly localized to glucagon-secreting α-cells. Despite this, the role of GC in α-cell function is poorly understood. We previously showed that GC is essential for α-cell morphology, electrical activity, and glucagon secretion. We now show that loss of GC exacerbates α-cell failure during metabolic stress. High-fat diet-fed GC-/- mice have basal hyperglucagonemia, which is associated with decreased α-cell size, impaired glucagon secretion and Ca2+ fluxes, and changes in glucose-dependent F-actin remodelling. Impairments in glucagon secretion can be rescued using exogenous GC to replenish α-cell GC levels, increase glucagon granule area, and restore the F-actin cytoskeleton. Lastly, GC levels decrease in α-cells of donors with type 2 diabetes, which is associated with changes in α-cell mass, morphology, and glucagon expression. Together, these data demonstrate an important role for GC in α-cell adaptation to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Julia Ast
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Annie Hasib
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Silke Heising
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Linford J B Briant
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
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21
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Sung BJ, Lim SB, Yang WM, Kim JH, Kulkarni RN, Kim YB, Lee MK. ROCK1 regulates insulin secretion from β-cells. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101625. [PMID: 36374631 PMCID: PMC9649378 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The endocrine pancreatic β-cells play a pivotal role in maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis and its dysregulation is a consistent feature in all forms of diabetes. However, knowledge of intracellular regulators that modulate β-cell function remains incomplete. We investigated the physiological role of ROCK1 in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. METHODS Mice lacking ROCK1 in pancreatic β-cells (RIP-Cre; ROCK1loxP/loxP, β-ROCK1-/-) were studied. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests as well as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were measured. An insulin secretion response to a direct glucose or pyruvate or pyruvate kinase (PK) activator stimulation in isolated islets from β-ROCK1-/- mice or β-cell lines with knockdown of ROCK1 was also evaluated. A proximity ligation assay was performed to determine the physical interactions between PK and ROCK1. RESULTS Mice with a deficiency of ROCK1 in pancreatic β-cells exhibited significantly increased blood glucose levels and reduced serum insulin without changes in body weight. Interestingly, β-ROCK1-/- mice displayed a progressive impairment of glucose tolerance while maintaining insulin sensitivity mostly due to impaired GSIS. Consistently, GSIS markedly decreased in ROCK1-deficient islets and ROCK1 knockdown INS-1 cells. Concurrently, ROCK1 blockade led to a significant decrease in intracellular calcium and ATP levels and oxygen consumption rates in isolated islets and INS-1 cells. Treatment of ROCK1-deficient islets or ROCK1 knockdown β-cells either with pyruvate or a PK activator rescued the impaired GSIS. Mechanistically, we observed that glucose stimulation in β-cells greatly enhanced ROCK1 binding to PK. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that β-cell ROCK1 is essential for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and for glucose homeostasis and that ROCK1 acts as an upstream regulator of glycolytic pyruvate kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Jun Sung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Bin Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Won-Mo Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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22
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Liu G, Li J, Wu C. Reciprocal regulation of actin filaments and cellular metabolism. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151281. [PMID: 36343493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For cells to adhere, migrate and proliferate, remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is required. This process consumes a large amount of ATP while having an intimate connection with cellular metabolism. Signaling pathways that regulate energy homeostasis can also affect actin dynamics, whereas a variety of actin binding proteins directly or indirectly interact with the anabolic and catabolic regulators in cells. Here, we discuss the inter-regulation between actin filaments and cellular metabolism, reviewing recent discoveries on key metabolic enzymes that respond to actin remodeling as well as historical findings on metabolic stress-induced cytoskeletal reorganization. We also address emerging techniques that would benefit the study of cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular metabolism in high spatial-temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyao Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Congying Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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23
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Blandino-Rosano M, Scheys JO, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Louzada RA, Almaça J, Leibowitz G, Rüegg MA, Hall MN, Bernal-Mizrachi E. Novel roles of mTORC2 in regulation of insulin secretion by actin filament remodeling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E133-E144. [PMID: 35723227 PMCID: PMC9291412 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00076.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is an essential hub where nutrients and growth factors converge to control cellular metabolism. mTOR interacts with different accessory proteins to form complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC), and each complex has different intracellular targets. Although mTORC1's role in β-cells has been extensively studied, less is known about mTORC2's function in β-cells. Here, we show that mice with constitutive and inducible β-cell-specific deletion of RICTOR (βRicKO and iβRicKO mice, respectively) are glucose intolerant due to impaired insulin secretion when glucose is injected intraperitoneally. Decreased insulin secretion in βRicKO islets was caused by abnormal actin polymerization. Interestingly, when glucose was administered orally, no difference in glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion were observed, suggesting that incretins are counteracting the mTORC2 deficiency. Mechanistically, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), but not gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), rescued insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro by improving actin polymerization in βRicKO islets. In conclusion, mTORC2 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by promoting actin filament remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The current studies uncover a novel mechanism linking mTORC2 signaling to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by modulation of the actin filaments. This work also underscores the important role of GLP-1 in rescuing defects in insulin secretion by modulating actin polymerization and suggests that this effect is independent of mTORC2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Blandino-Rosano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua O Scheys
- Medical School, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes and Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ruy A Louzada
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
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24
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Bracey KM, Gu G, Kaverina I. Microtubules in Pancreatic β Cells: Convoluted Roadways Toward Precision. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:915206. [PMID: 35874834 PMCID: PMC9305484 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.915206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet β cells regulate glucose homeostasis via glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Cytoskeletal polymers microtubules (MTs) serve as tracks for the transport and positioning of secretory insulin granules. MT network in β cells has unique morphology with several distinct features, which support granule biogenesis (via Golgi-derived MT array), net non-directional transport (via interlocked MT mesh), and control availability of granules at secretion sites (via submembrane MT bundle). The submembrane MT array, which is parallel to the plasma membrane and serves to withdraw excessive granules from the secretion hot spots, is destabilized and fragmented downstream of high glucose stimulation, allowing for regulated secretion. The origin of such an unusual MT network, the features that define its functionality, and metabolic pathways that regulate it are still to a large extent elusive and are a matter of active investigation and debate. Besides the MT network itself, it is important to consider the interplay of molecular motors that drive and fine-tune insulin granule transport. Importantly, activity of kinesin-1, which is the major MT-dependent motor in β cells, transports insulin granules, and has a capacity to remodel MT network, is also regulated by glucose. We discuss yet unknown potential avenues toward understanding how MT network and motor proteins provide control for secretion in coordination with other GSIS-regulating mechanisms.
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25
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Dissanayake WC, Shepherd PR. β-cells retain a pool of insulin-containing secretory vesicles regulated by adherens junctions and the cadherin binding protein p120 catenin. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102240. [PMID: 35809641 PMCID: PMC9358467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-cells of the islets of Langerhans are the sole producers of insulin in the human body. In response to rising glucose levels, insulin-containing vesicles inside β-cells fuse with the plasma membrane and release their cargo. However, the mechanisms regulating this process are only partly understood. Previous evidence indicated reductions in α-catenin elevate insulin release, while reductions in β-catenin decrease insulin release. α- and β-catenin contribute to cellular regulation in a range of ways but one is as members of the adherens junction complex and these contribute to the development of cell polarity in b-cells. Therefore, we investigated the effects of adherens junctions on insulin release. We show in INS-1E β-cells knockdown of either E- or N-cadherin had only small effects on insulin secretion, but simultaneous knockout of both cadherins resulted in a significant increase in basal insulin release to the same level as glucose-stimulated release. This double knockdown also significantly attenuated levels of p120 catenin, a cadherin binding partner involved in regulating cadherin turnover. Conversely, reducing p120 catenin levels with siRNA destabilized both E- and N-cadherin, and this was also associated with an increase in levels of insulin secreted from INS-1E cells. Furthermore, there were also changes in these cells consistent with higher insulin release, namely reductions in levels of F-actin and increased intracellular free Ca2+ levels in response to KCl-induced membrane depolarization. Taken together, these data provide evidence that adherens junctions play important roles in retaining a pool of insulin secretory vesicles within the cell and establish a role for p120 catenin in regulating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waruni C Dissanayake
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter R Shepherd
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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26
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Noordstra I, van den Berg CM, Boot FWJ, Katrukha EA, Yu KL, Tas RP, Portegies S, Viergever BJ, de Graaff E, Hoogenraad CC, de Koning EJP, Carlotti F, Kapitein LC, Akhmanova A. Organization and dynamics of the cortical complexes controlling insulin secretion in β-cells. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274234. [PMID: 35006275 PMCID: PMC8918791 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells is regulated by cortical complexes that are enriched at the sites of adhesion to extracellular matrix facing the vasculature. Many components of these complexes, including bassoon, RIM, ELKS and liprins, are shared with neuronal synapses. Here, we show that insulin secretion sites also contain the non-neuronal proteins LL5β (also known as PHLDB2) and KANK1, which, in migrating cells, organize exocytotic machinery in the vicinity of integrin-based adhesions. Depletion of LL5β or focal adhesion disassembly triggered by myosin II inhibition perturbed the clustering of secretory complexes and attenuated the first wave of insulin release. Although previous analyses in vitro and in neurons have suggested that secretory machinery might assemble through liquid–liquid phase separation, analysis of endogenously labeled ELKS in pancreatic islets indicated that its dynamics is inconsistent with such a scenario. Instead, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and single-molecule imaging showed that ELKS turnover is driven by binding and unbinding to low-mobility scaffolds. Both the scaffold movements and ELKS exchange were stimulated by glucose treatment. Our findings help to explain how integrin-based adhesions control spatial organization of glucose-stimulated insulin release. Summary: Characterization of the composition of cortical complexes controlling insulin secretion, showing that their dynamics is inconsistent with assembly through liquid–liquid phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivar Noordstra
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cyntha M van den Berg
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fransje W J Boot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eugene A Katrukha
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ka Lou Yu
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick P Tas
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sybren Portegies
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan J Viergever
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther de Graaff
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco J P de Koning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas C Kapitein
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Gaus B, Brüning D, Groß S, Müller M, Rustenbeck I. The changing view of insulin granule mobility: From conveyor belt to signaling hub. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983152. [PMID: 36120467 PMCID: PMC9478610 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Before the advent of TIRF microscopy the fate of the insulin granule prior to secretion was deduced from biochemical investigations, electron microscopy and electrophysiological measurements. Since Calcium-triggered granule fusion is indisputably necessary to release insulin into the extracellular space, much effort was directed to the measure this event at the single granule level. This has also been the major application of the TIRF microscopy of the pancreatic beta cell when it became available about 20 years ago. To better understand the metabolic modulation of secretion, we were interested to characterize the entirety of the insulin granules which are localized in the vicinity of the plasma membrane to identify the characteristics which predispose to fusion. In this review we concentrate on how the description of granule mobility in the submembrane space has evolved as a result of progress in methodology. The granules are in a state of constant turnover with widely different periods of residence in this space. While granule fusion is associated +with prolonged residence and decreased lateral mobility, these characteristics may not only result from binding to the plasma membrane but also from binding to the cortical actin web, which is present in the immediate submembrane space. While granule age as such affects granule mobility and fusion probability, the preceding functional states of the beta cell leave their mark on these parameters, too. In summary, the submembrane granules form a highly dynamic heterogeneous population and contribute to the metabolic memory of the beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Gaus
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dennis Brüning
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sofie Groß
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Rustenbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ingo Rustenbeck,
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Moulis JM, Nahoui-Zarouri I, Lénon M, Cottet-Rousselle C. Low-level cadmium doses do not jeopardize the insulin secretion pathway of β-cell models until the onset of cell death. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126834. [PMID: 34385036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is an inescapable environmental pollutant that permeates the food chain and has been debatably associated with diabetes in humans. PURPOSE AND PROCEDURES To probe the specific impact of low-level cadmium exposure on insulin production, largely sub-cytotoxic (50-500 nM) concentrations of cadmium chloride challenged the INS-1 and MIN6 rodent models of pancreatic β-cells for the longest possible time, up to 4 days, before sub-culturing. MAIN FINDINGS The concentration of detectable oxidants, the pattern of the actin cytoskeleton, the translocation of β-catenin, the activity of protein phosphatases, calcium traffic, and the phosphorylation status of several key signaling nodes, such as AMP kinase and mitogen activated kinases including nuclear translocation of Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase, were all insensitive to the applied very low cadmium doses. Accordingly, low-level cadmium exposure did not alter the insulin secretion ability, the functional hallmark of β-cells, before the onset of cell death. CONCLUSIONS These data define an operational toxicological threshold for these cellular models of β-cells that should be useful to address insulin secretion and the diabetogenic effects of chronic low-level cadmium exposure in animal models and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Moulis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, 38000, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), and Environmental and System Biology (BEeSy), 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Inès Nahoui-Zarouri
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), and Environmental and System Biology (BEeSy), 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marine Lénon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), and Environmental and System Biology (BEeSy), 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), and Environmental and System Biology (BEeSy), 38000, Grenoble, France.
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29
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Dickerson MT, Jacobson DA. Channeling β-cell Maturity: KATP Surface Localization Imparts Glucose Sensing. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6353394. [PMID: 34402896 PMCID: PMC8427444 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Thomas Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - David Aaron Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Correspondence: David A. Jacobson, PhD, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV (Langford), 2213 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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30
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Mesto N, Bailbe D, Eskandar M, Pommier G, Gil S, Tolu S, Movassat J, Tourrel-Cuzin C. Involvement of P2Y signaling in the restoration of glucose-induced insulin exocytosis in pancreatic β cells exposed to glucotoxicity. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:881-896. [PMID: 34435368 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic P2Y receptors, by binding adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are known for enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β cells. However, the impact of these receptors in the actin dynamics and insulin granule exocytosis in these cells is not established, neither in normal nor in glucotoxic environment. In this study, we investigate the involvement of P2Y receptors on the behavior of insulin granules and the subcortical actin network dynamics in INS-1 832/13 β cells exposed to normal or glucotoxic environment and their role in GSIS. Our results show that the activation of P2Y purinergic receptors by ATP or its agonist increase the insulin granules exocytosis and the reorganization of the subcortical actin network and participate in the potentiation of GSIS. In addition, their activation in INS-1832/13 β-cells, with impaired insulin secretion following exposure to elevated glucose levels, restores GSIS competence through the distal steps of insulin exocytosis. These results are confirmed ex vivo by perifusion experiments on islets from type 2 diabetic (T2D) Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Indeed, the P2Y receptor agonist restores the altered GSIS, which is normally lost in this T2D animal model. Moreover, we observed an improvement of the glucose tolerance, following the acute intraperitoneal injection of the P2Y agonist concomitantly with glucose, in diabetic GK rats. All these data provide new insights into the unprecedented therapeutic role of P2Y purinergic receptors in the pathophysiology of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Mesto
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Danielle Bailbe
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Myriam Eskandar
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Pommier
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Gil
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UFR Sciences du Vivant (SDV), Paris, France
| | - Stefania Tolu
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
| | - Cécile Tourrel-Cuzin
- 'Université de Paris' 'Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology (BFA)', CNRS, UMR 8251, Team 'Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine', Paris, France
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31
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Gamage S, Hali M, Kowluru A. CARD9 mediates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114670. [PMID: 34233162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) plays key regulatory role(s) in innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent evidence implicates CARD9 in the onset of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance. However, potential contributory roles of CARD9 in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) remain unknown. Herein, we report that CARD9 is expressed in human islets, rat islets, mouse islets and clonal INS-1 832/13 cells. Subcellularly, CARD9 is predominantly cytosolic (~75%) in INS-1 832/13 cells. siRNA-mediated depletion of CARD9 expression significantly (~50%) suppressed GSIS in INS-1 832/13 cells. Interestingly, glucose-induced activation of Rac1, a small G-protein, which is a requisite for GSIS to occur, is unaffected in CARD9-si transfected cells, suggesting that CARD9-mediates GSIS in a Rac1-independent fashion. Furthermore, insulin secretion promoted by KCl or mastoparan (a global G protein activator), remained resistant to CARD9 depletion in INS-1 832/13 cells. In addition, pharmacological inhibition (BRD5529) of interaction between CARD9 and TRIM62, its ubiquitin ligase, exerted no significant effects on GSIS. Lastly, depletion of CARD9 prevented glucose-induced p38, not ERK1/2 phosphorylation in beta cells. Based on these observations, we propose that CARD9 might regulate GSIS via a Rac1-independent and p38-dependent signaling module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhadinie Gamage
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Mirabela Hali
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Anjaneyulu Kowluru
- Biomedical Research Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
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32
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A role for PAK1 mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser552 in the regulation of insulin secretion. Biochem J 2021; 478:1605-1615. [PMID: 33605402 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of adherens junctions and the associated protein β-catenin are requirements for the development of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β-cells. Evidence indicates that modulation of β-catenin function in response to changes in glucose levels can modulate the levels of insulin secretion from β-cells but the role of β-catenin phosphorylation in this process has not been established. We find that a Ser552Ala version of β-catenin attenuates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion indicating a functional role for Ser552 phosphorylation of β-catenin in insulin secretion. This is associated with alterations F/G actin ratio but not the transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Both glucose and GLP-1 stimulated phosphorylation of the serine 552 residue on β-catenin. We investigated the possibility that an EPAC-PAK1 pathway might be involved in this phosphorylation event. We find that reduction in PAK1 levels using siRNA attenuates both glucose and GLP-1 stimulated phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser552 and the effects of these on insulin secretion in β-cell models. Furthermore, both the EPAC inhibitor ESI-09 and the PAK1 inhibitor IPA3 do the same in both β-cell models and mouse islets. Together this identifies phosphorylation of β-catenin at Ser552 as part of a cell signalling mechanism linking nutrient and hormonal regulation of β-catenin to modulation of insulin secretory capacity of β-cells and indicates this phosphorylation event is regulated downstream of EPAC and PAK1 in β-cells.
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33
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Machin PA, Tsonou E, Hornigold DC, Welch HCE. Rho Family GTPases and Rho GEFs in Glucose Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040915. [PMID: 33923452 PMCID: PMC8074089 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis leading to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes is the cause of an increasing world health crisis. New intriguing roles have emerged for Rho family GTPases and their Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activators in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. This review summates the current knowledge, focusing in particular on the roles of Rho GEFs in the processes of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. We discuss the ten Rho GEFs that are known so far to regulate glucose homeostasis, nine of which are in mammals, and one is in yeast. Among the mammalian Rho GEFs, P-Rex1, Vav2, Vav3, Tiam1, Kalirin and Plekhg4 were shown to mediate the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma membrane and/or insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle or adipose tissue. The Rho GEFs P-Rex1, Vav2, Tiam1 and β-PIX were found to control the glucose-stimulated release of insulin by pancreatic β cells. In vivo studies demonstrated the involvement of the Rho GEFs P-Rex2, Vav2, Vav3 and PDZ-RhoGEF in glucose tolerance and/or insulin sensitivity, with deletion of these GEFs either contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome or protecting from it. This research is in its infancy. Considering that over 80 Rho GEFs exist, it is likely that future research will identify more roles for Rho GEFs in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly A. Machin
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; (P.A.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Elpida Tsonou
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; (P.A.M.); (E.T.)
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK;
| | - David C. Hornigold
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK;
| | - Heidi C. E. Welch
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; (P.A.M.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1223-496-596
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34
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Tokuo H, Komaba S, Coluccio LM. In pancreatic β-cells myosin 1b regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by modulating an early step in insulin granule trafficking from the Golgi. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1210-1220. [PMID: 33826361 PMCID: PMC8351557 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-03-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin, which controls blood glucose levels, and defects in insulin secretion are responsible for diabetes mellitus. The actin cytoskeleton and some myosins support insulin granule trafficking and release, although a role for the class I myosin Myo1b, an actin- and membrane-associated load-sensitive motor, in insulin biology is unknown. We found by immunohistochemistry that Myo1b is expressed in islet cells of the rat pancreas. In cultured rat insulinoma 832/13 cells, Myo1b localized near actin patches, the trans-Golgi network (TGN) marker TGN38, and insulin granules in the perinuclear region. Myo1b depletion by small interfering RNA in 832/13 cells reduced intracellular proinsulin and insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and led to the accumulation of (pro)insulin secretory granules (SGs) at the TGN. Using an in situ fluorescent pulse-chase strategy to track nascent proinsulin, Myo1b depletion in insulinoma cells reduced the number of (pro)insulin-containing SGs budding from the TGN. The studies indicate for the first time that in pancreatic β-cells Myo1b controls GSIS at least in part by mediating an early stage in insulin granule trafficking from the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tokuo
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118-2518
| | - Shigeru Komaba
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118-2518
| | - Lynne M Coluccio
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118-2518
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35
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Ma J, Xing B, Cao Y, He X, Bennett KE, Tong C, An C, Hojnacki T, Feng Z, Deng S, Ling S, Xie G, Wu Y, Ren Y, Yu M, Katona BW, Li H, Naji A, Hua X. Menin-regulated Pbk controls high fat diet-induced compensatory beta cell proliferation. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13524. [PMID: 33821572 PMCID: PMC8103087 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells undergo compensatory proliferation in the early phase of type 2 diabetes. While pathways such as FoxM1 are involved in regulating compensatory beta cell proliferation, given the lack of therapeutics effectively targeting beta cell proliferation, other targetable pathways need to be identified. Herein, we show that Pbk, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is essential for high fat diet (HFD)‐induced beta cell proliferation in vivo using a Pbk kinase deficiency knock‐in mouse model. Mechanistically, JunD recruits menin and HDAC3 complex to the Pbk promoter to reduce histone H3 acetylation, leading to epigenetic repression of Pbk expression. Moreover, menin inhibitor (MI) disrupts the menin–JunD interaction and augments Pbk transcription. Importantly, MI administration increases beta cell proliferation, ameliorating hyperglycemia, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in HFD‐induced diabetic mice. Notably, Pbk is required for the MI‐induced beta cell proliferation and improvement of IGT. Together, these results demonstrate the repressive role of the menin/JunD/Pbk axis in regulating HFD‐induced compensatory beta cell proliferation and pharmacologically regulating this axis may serve as a novel strategy for type 2 diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bowen Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xin He
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kate E Bennett
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chao Tong
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chiying An
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Taylor Hojnacki
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zijie Feng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunbin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunbin Ling
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gengchen Xie
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ming Yu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryson W Katona
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xianxin Hua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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36
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Chatterjee Bhowmick D, Ahn M, Oh E, Veluthakal R, Thurmond DC. Conventional and Unconventional Mechanisms by which Exocytosis Proteins Oversee β-cell Function and Protection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1833. [PMID: 33673206 PMCID: PMC7918544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the prominent causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and beyond, reaching global pandemic proportions. One hallmark of T2D is dysfunctional glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell. Insulin is secreted via the recruitment of insulin secretory granules to the plasma membrane, where the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) and SNARE regulators work together to dock the secretory granules and release insulin into the circulation. SNARE proteins and their regulators include the Syntaxins, SNAPs, Sec1/Munc18, VAMPs, and double C2-domain proteins. Recent studies using genomics, proteomics, and biochemical approaches have linked deficiencies of exocytosis proteins with the onset and progression of T2D. Promising results are also emerging wherein restoration or enhancement of certain exocytosis proteins to β-cells improves whole-body glucose homeostasis, enhances β-cell function, and surprisingly, protection of β-cell mass. Intriguingly, overexpression and knockout studies have revealed novel functions of certain exocytosis proteins, like Syntaxin 4, suggesting that exocytosis proteins can impact a variety of pathways, including inflammatory signaling and aging. In this review, we present the conventional and unconventional functions of β-cell exocytosis proteins in normal physiology and T2D and describe how these insights might improve clinical care for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (R.V.)
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37
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Hu M, Cebola I, Carrat G, Jiang S, Nawaz S, Khamis A, Canouil M, Froguel P, Schulte A, Solimena M, Ibberson M, Marchetti P, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Gadue PJ, Hastoy B, Almeida-Souza L, McMahon H, Rutter GA. Chromatin 3D interaction analysis of the STARD10 locus unveils FCHSD2 as a regulator of insulin secretion. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108703. [PMID: 33535042 PMCID: PMC7856552 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Using chromatin conformation capture, we show that an enhancer cluster in the STARD10 type 2 diabetes (T2D) locus forms a defined 3-dimensional (3D) chromatin domain. A 4.1-kb region within this locus, carrying 5 T2D-associated variants, physically interacts with CTCF-binding regions and with an enhancer possessing strong transcriptional activity. Analysis of human islet 3D chromatin interaction maps identifies the FCHSD2 gene as an additional target of the enhancer cluster. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of the variant region, or of the associated enhancer, from human pancreas-derived EndoC-βH1 cells impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Expression of both STARD10 and FCHSD2 is reduced in cells harboring CRISPR deletions, and lower expression of STARD10 and FCHSD2 is associated, the latter nominally, with the possession of risk variant alleles in human islets. Finally, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated loss of STARD10 or FCHSD2, but not ARAP1, impairs regulated insulin secretion. Thus, multiple genes at the STARD10 locus influence β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Inês Cebola
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gaelle Carrat
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shuying Jiang
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Amna Khamis
- Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Anke Schulte
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Centre for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul J Gadue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Centre for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Leonardo Almeida-Souza
- HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology & Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harvey McMahon
- MRC MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nan Yang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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38
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Zbinden A, Layland SL, Urbanczyk M, Carvajal Berrio DA, Marzi J, Zauner M, Hammerschmidt A, Brauchle EM, Sudrow K, Fink S, Templin M, Liebscher S, Klein G, Deb A, Duffy GP, Crooks GM, Eble JA, Mikkola HKA, Nsair A, Seifert M, Schenke‐Layland K. Nidogen-1 Mitigates Ischemia and Promotes Tissue Survival and Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002500. [PMID: 33643791 PMCID: PMC7887579 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia impacts multiple organ systems and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Ischemia disrupts tissue homeostasis, driving cell death, and damages tissue structure integrity. Strategies to heal organs, like the infarcted heart, or to replace cells, as done in pancreatic islet β-cell transplantations, are often hindered by ischemic conditions. Here, it is discovered that the basement membrane glycoprotein nidogen-1 attenuates the apoptotic effect of hypoxia in cardiomyocytes and pancreatic β-cells via the αvβ3 integrin and beneficially modulates immune responses in vitro. It is shown that nidogen-1 significantly increases heart function and angiogenesis, while reducing fibrosis, in a mouse postmyocardial infarction model. These results demonstrate the protective and regenerative potential of nidogen-1 in ischemic conditions.
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Müller A, Schmidt D, Xu CS, Pang S, D’Costa JV, Kretschmar S, Münster C, Kurth T, Jug F, Weigert M, Hess HF, Solimena M. 3D FIB-SEM reconstruction of microtubule-organelle interaction in whole primary mouse β cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202010039. [PMID: 33326005 PMCID: PMC7748794 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules play a major role in intracellular trafficking of vesicles in endocrine cells. Detailed knowledge of microtubule organization and their relation to other cell constituents is crucial for understanding cell function. However, their role in insulin transport and secretion is under debate. Here, we use FIB-SEM to image islet β cells in their entirety with unprecedented resolution. We reconstruct mitochondria, Golgi apparati, centrioles, insulin secretory granules, and microtubules of seven β cells, and generate a comprehensive spatial map of microtubule-organelle interactions. We find that microtubules form nonradial networks that are predominantly not connected to either centrioles or endomembranes. Microtubule number and length, but not microtubule polymer density, vary with glucose stimulation. Furthermore, insulin secretory granules are enriched near the plasma membrane, where they associate with microtubules. In summary, we provide the first 3D reconstructions of complete microtubule networks in primary mammalian cells together with evidence regarding their importance for insulin secretory granule positioning and thus their supportive role in insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Müller
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Deborah Schmidt
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - C. Shan Xu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Song Pang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Joyson Verner D’Costa
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kretschmar
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technology Platform, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carla Münster
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technology Platform, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Jug
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Fondazione Human Technopole, Milano, Italy
| | - Martin Weigert
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harald F. Hess
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Michele Solimena
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Jabůrek M, Tauber J, Dlasková A, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. The Pancreatic β-Cell: The Perfect Redox System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020197. [PMID: 33572903 PMCID: PMC7912581 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion, which responds to various secretagogues and hormonal regulations, is reviewed here, emphasizing the fundamental redox signaling by NADPH oxidase 4- (NOX4-) mediated H2O2 production for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). There is a logical summation that integrates both metabolic plus redox homeostasis because the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) can only be closed when both ATP and H2O2 are elevated. Otherwise ATP would block KATP, while H2O2 would activate any of the redox-sensitive nonspecific calcium channels (NSCCs), such as TRPM2. Notably, a 100%-closed KATP ensemble is insufficient to reach the -50 mV threshold plasma membrane depolarization required for the activation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Open synergic NSCCs or Cl- channels have to act simultaneously to reach this threshold. The resulting intermittent cytosolic Ca2+-increases lead to the pulsatile exocytosis of insulin granule vesicles (IGVs). The incretin (e.g., GLP-1) amplification of GSIS stems from receptor signaling leading to activating the phosphorylation of TRPM channels and effects on other channels to intensify integral Ca2+-influx (fortified by endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+). ATP plus H2O2 are also required for branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs); and partly for fatty acids (FAs) to secrete insulin, while BCKA or FA β-oxidation provide redox signaling from mitochondria, which proceeds by H2O2 diffusion or hypothetical SH relay via peroxiredoxin "redox kiss" to target proteins.
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Nair D, Nedungadi D, Mishra N, Nair BG, Nair SS. Identification of carbonylated proteins from monocytic cells under diabetes‐induced stress conditions. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5065. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kollam Kerala India
| | - Divya Nedungadi
- Amrita School of Biotechnology Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kollam Kerala India
| | - Nandita Mishra
- Amrita School of Biotechnology Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kollam Kerala India
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42
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Arous C, Mizgier ML, Rickenbach K, Pinget M, Bouzakri K, Wehrle-Haller B. Integrin and autocrine IGF2 pathways control fasting insulin secretion in β-cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16510-16528. [PMID: 32934005 PMCID: PMC7864053 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of fasting insulin release and insufficient glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) are hallmarks of diabetes. Studies have established cross-talk between integrin signaling and insulin activity, but more details of how integrin-dependent signaling impacts the pathophysiology of diabetes are needed. Here, we dissected integrin-dependent signaling pathways involved in the regulation of insulin secretion in β-cells and studied their link to the still debated autocrine regulation of insulin secretion by insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 2-AKT signaling. We observed for the first time a cooperation between different AKT isoforms and focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-dependent adhesion signaling, which either controlled GSIS or prevented insulin secretion under fasting conditions. Indeed, β-cells form integrin-containing adhesions, which provide anchorage to the pancreatic extracellular matrix and are the origin of intracellular signaling via FAK and paxillin. Under low-glucose conditions, β-cells adopt a starved adhesion phenotype consisting of actin stress fibers and large peripheral focal adhesion. In contrast, glucose stimulation induces cell spreading, actin remodeling, and point-like adhesions that contain phospho-FAK and phosphopaxillin, located in small protrusions. Rat primary β-cells and mouse insulinomas showed an adhesion remodeling during GSIS resulting from autocrine insulin/IGF2 and AKT1 signaling. However, under starving conditions, the maintenance of stress fibers and the large adhesion phenotype required autocrine IGF2-IGF1 receptor signaling mediated by AKT2 and elevated FAK-kinase activity and ROCK-RhoA levels but low levels of paxillin phosphorylation. This starved adhesion phenotype prevented excessive insulin granule release to maintain low insulin secretion during fasting. Thus, deregulation of the IGF2 and adhesion-mediated signaling may explain dysfunctions observed in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arous
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa Mizgier
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Katharina Rickenbach
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Pinget
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Bouzakri
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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43
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He XQ, Wang N, Zhao JJ, Wang D, Wang CJ, Xie L, Zheng HY, Shi SZ, He J, Zhou J, Xin HB, Deng KY. Specific deletion of CDC42 in pancreatic β cells attenuates glucose-induced insulin expression and secretion in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:111004. [PMID: 32871224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is a key hormone for maintaining glucose homeostasis in organisms. In general, deficiency of insulin synthesis and secretion results in type I diabetes, whereas insulin resistance leads to type 2 diabetes. Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), a member of Rho GTPases family, has been shown as an essential regulator in the second phase of glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets β cells in vitro. However, the effect of CDC42 on insulin expression has not been explored. Here we reported that the glucose-induced insulin expression and secretion were significantly inhibited in mice lacking CDC42 gene in pancreatic β cells (Rip-CDC42cKO) in vivo and in vitro. Deletion of CDC42 gene in pancreatic β cells did not affect survival or reproduction in mice. However, the Rip-CDC42cKO mice showed the systemic glucose intolerance and the decrease of glucose-induced insulin secretion without apparent alterations of peripheral tissues insulin sensitivity and the morphology of islets. Furthermore, we demonstrated that deletion of CDC42 gene in pancreatic β cells significantly attenuated the insulin expression through inhibiting the ERK1/2-NeuroD1 signaling pathway. Taken together, our study presents novel evidence that CDC42 is an important modulator in glucose-induced insulin expression as well as insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qin He
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juan-Juan Zhao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dan Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Cai-Ji Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Xie
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huai-Yu Zheng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shui-Zhen Shi
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing He
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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44
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The adaptor protein APPL2 controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via F-actin remodeling in pancreatic β-cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28307-28315. [PMID: 33122440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016997117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeletal remodeling is critical for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β-cells, and its dysregulation causes type 2 diabetes. The adaptor protein APPL1 promotes first-phase GSIS by up-regulating soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein expression. However, whether APPL2 (a close homology of APPL1 with the same domain organization) plays a role in β-cell functions is unknown. Here, we show that APPL2 enhances GSIS by promoting F-actin remodeling via the small GTPase Rac1 in pancreatic β-cells. β-cell specific abrogation of APPL2 impaired GSIS, leading to glucose intolerance in mice. APPL2 deficiency largely abolished glucose-induced first- and second-phase insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Real-time live-cell imaging and phalloidin staining revealed that APPL2 deficiency abolished glucose-induced F-actin depolymerization in pancreatic islets. Likewise, knockdown of APPL2 expression impaired glucose-stimulated F-actin depolymerization and subsequent insulin secretion in INS-1E cells, which were attributable to the impairment of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activation. Treatment with the F-actin depolymerization chemical compounds or overexpression of gelsolin (a F-actin remodeling protein) rescued APPL2 deficiency-induced defective GSIS. In addition, APPL2 interacted with Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) in a glucose-dependent manner via the bin/amphiphysin/rvs-pleckstrin homology (BAR-PH) domain of APPL2 in INS-1E cells and HEK293 cells. Concomitant knockdown of RacGAP1 expression reverted APPL2 deficiency-induced defective GSIS, F-actin remodeling, and Rac1 activation in INS-1E cells. Our data indicate that APPL2 interacts with RacGAP1 and suppresses its negative action on Rac1 activity and F-actin depolymerization thereby enhancing GSIS in pancreatic β-cells.
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45
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Kassouf T, Sumara G. Impact of Conventional and Atypical MAPKs on the Development of Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091256. [PMID: 32872540 PMCID: PMC7563211 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) consists of fourteen members and has been implicated in regulation of virtually all cellular processes. MAPKs are divided into two groups, conventional and atypical MAPKs. Conventional MAPKs are further classified into four sub-families: extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1, 2 and 3), p38 (α, β, γ, δ), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). Four kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3, 4, and 7 (ERK3, 4 and 7) as well as Nemo-like kinase (NLK) build a group of atypical MAPKs, which are activated by different upstream mechanisms than conventional MAPKs. Early studies identified JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 as well as p38α as a central mediators of inflammation-evoked insulin resistance. These kinases have been also implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes. Recently, other members of conventional MAPKs emerged as important mediators of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreatic β-cell metabolism. Moreover, latest studies indicate that atypical members of MAPK family play a central role in the regulation of adipose tissue function. In this review, we summarize early studies on conventional MAPKs as well as recent findings implicating previously ignored members of the MAPK family. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of drugs targeting specific members of the MAPK family.
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46
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Pina AF, Borges DO, Meneses MJ, Branco P, Birne R, Vilasi A, Macedo MP. Insulin: Trigger and Target of Renal Functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:519. [PMID: 32850773 PMCID: PMC7403206 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney function in metabolism is often underestimated. Although the word “clearance” is associated to “degradation”, at nephron level, proper balance between what is truly degraded and what is redirected to de novo utilization is crucial for the maintenance of electrolytic and acid–basic balance and energy conservation. Insulin is probably one of the best examples of how diverse and heterogeneous kidney response can be. Kidney has a primary role in the degradation of insulin released in the bloodstream, but it is also incredibly susceptible to insulin action throughout the nephron. Fluctuations in insulin levels during fast and fed state add another layer of complexity in the understanding of kidney fine-tuning. This review aims at revisiting renal insulin actions and clearance and to address the association of kidney dysmetabolism with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, both highly prevalent phenomena in modern society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Pina
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ProRegeM Ph.D. Programme, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diego O Borges
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Molecular Biosciences Ph.D. Programme, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria João Meneses
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ProRegeM Ph.D. Programme, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Branco
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Birne
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonio Vilasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology - National Research Council, Reggio Calabria Unit1, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Paula Macedo
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
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47
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Hormones Secretion and Rho GTPases in Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071859. [PMID: 32664294 PMCID: PMC7408961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) belong to a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from hormone secreting cells. These tumors are often associated with a dysfunction of their secretory activity. Neuroendocrine secretion occurs through calcium-regulated exocytosis, a process that is tightly controlled by Rho GTPases family members. In this review, we compiled the numerous mutations and modification of expression levels of Rho GTPases or their regulators (Rho guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and Rho GTPase-activating proteins) that have been identified in NETs. We discussed how they might regulate neuroendocrine secretion.
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48
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Müller M, Glombek M, Powitz J, Brüning D, Rustenbeck I. A Cellular Automaton Model as a First Model-Based Assessment of Interacting Mechanisms for Insulin Granule Transport in Beta Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E1487. [PMID: 32570905 PMCID: PMC7348896 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper a first model is derived and applied which describes the transport of insulin granules through the cell interior and at the membrane of a beta cell. A special role is assigned to the actin network, which significantly influences the transport. For this purpose, microscopically measured actin networks are characterized and then further ones are artificially generated. In a Cellular Automaton model, phenomenological laws for granule movement are formulated and implemented. Simulation results are compared with experiments, primarily using TIRF images and secretion rates. In this respect, good similarities are already apparent. The model is a first useful approach to describe complex granule transport processes in beta cells, and offers great potential for future extensions. Furthermore, the model can be used as a tool to validate hypotheses and associated mechanisms regarding their effect on exocytosis or other processes. For this purpose, the source code for the model is provided online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Müller
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Mathias Glombek
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Jeldrick Powitz
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Dennis Brüning
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Ingo Rustenbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
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49
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Viloria K, Nasteska D, Briant LJB, Heising S, Larner DP, Fine NHF, Ashford FB, da Silva Xavier G, Ramos MJ, Hasib A, Cuozzo F, Manning Fox JE, MacDonald PE, Akerman I, Lavery GG, Flaxman C, Morgan NG, Richardson SJ, Hewison M, Hodson DJ. Vitamin-D-Binding Protein Contributes to the Maintenance of α Cell Function and Glucagon Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107761. [PMID: 32553153 PMCID: PMC7302426 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin-D-binding protein (DBP) or group-specific component of serum (GC-globulin) carries vitamin D metabolites from the circulation to target tissues. DBP is highly localized to the liver and pancreatic α cells. Although DBP serum levels, gene polymorphisms, and autoantigens have all been associated with diabetes risk, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that DBP regulates α cell morphology, α cell function, and glucagon secretion. Deletion of DBP leads to smaller and hyperplastic α cells, altered Na+ channel conductance, impaired α cell activation by low glucose, and reduced rates of glucagon secretion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, this involves reversible changes in islet microfilament abundance and density, as well as changes in glucagon granule distribution. Defects are also seen in β cell and δ cell function. Immunostaining of human pancreata reveals generalized loss of DBP expression as a feature of late-onset and long-standing, but not early-onset, type 1 diabetes. Thus, DBP regulates α cell phenotype, with implications for diabetes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Linford J B Briant
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Silke Heising
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Dean P Larner
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nicholas H F Fine
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Fiona B Ashford
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Gabriela da Silva Xavier
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maria Jiménez Ramos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Annie Hasib
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Jocelyn E Manning Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christine Flaxman
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.
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Gattás-Asfura KM, Abuid NJ, Labrada I, Stabler CL. Promoting Dendrimer Self-Assembly Enhances Covalent Layer-by-Layer Encapsulation of Pancreatic Islets. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2641-2651. [PMID: 32587885 PMCID: PMC7316358 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For type 1 diabetics, islet transplantation can induce beneficial outcomes, including insulin independence and improved glycemic control. The long-term function of the grafted tissue, however, is challenged by host inflammatory and immune responses. Cell encapsulation can decrease detrimental host responses to the foreign implant, but standard microencapsulation imparts large transplant volumes and impaired metabolite and nutrient diffusion. To mitigate these effects, we developed an efficient covalent Layer-by-Layer (cLbL) approach for live-cell nanoencapsulation, based on oppositely charged hyperbranched polymers functionalized with complementary Staudinger ligation groups. Reliance on cationic polymers for cLbL, however, is problematic due to their poor biocompatibility. Herein, we incorporated the additional feature of supramolecular self-assembly of the dendritic polymers to enhance layer uniformity and decrease net polymer charge. Functionalization of poly (amino amide) (PAMAM) with triethoxysilane decreased polymer charge without compromising the uniformity and stability of resulting nanoscale islet coatings. Encapsulated pancreatic rat islets were viable and functional. The implantation of cLbL islets into diabetic mice resulted in stable normoglycemia, at equivalent dosage and efficiency as uncoated islets, with no observable alterations in cellular engraftment or foreign body responses. By balancing multi-functionality and self-assembly, nano-scale and stable covalent layer-by-layer polymeric coatings could be efficiently generated onto cellular organoids, presenting a highly adaptable platform for broad use in cellular transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- KM Gattás-Asfura
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - NJ Abuid
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - I Labrada
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - CL Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
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