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Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Wong S, Dolzhenko AV, Gegechkori V, Morton DW. HPTLC-guided flash chromatographic isolation and spectroscopic identification of bioactive compounds from olive flowers. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1735:465310. [PMID: 39232418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The goal of preparative chromatography is to isolate suitable amounts of compound(s) at the required purity in the most cost-effective way. This study analyses the power of High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) guided preparative flash chromatography to separate and isolate bioactive compounds from an olive flower extract for their further characterisation via spectroscopy. The structure and purity of isolated bioactive compounds were assessed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Flash chromatography of the olive flower extract successfully isolated pure oleanolic and maslinic acids. Moreover, the flash chromatography of the extract allowed isolation and phytochemical analysis of the most lipophilic fraction of the extract, which was found to contain n-eicosane and n-(Z)-eicos-5-ene, that has not been isolated previously with preparative TLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia.
| | - Sheryn Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia
| | - Anton V Dolzhenko
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Vladimir Gegechkori
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - David W Morton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia.
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Tran DQ, Nguyen Di K, Quynh Chi VT, Nguyen HTH. Evaluating the effects of dietary patterns on circulating C-reactive protein levels in the general adult population: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies. Br J Nutr 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39364652 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524001648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Adopting a healthy dietary pattern may be an initial step in combating inflammation-related chronic diseases; however, a comprehensive synthesis evaluating current evidence is lacking. This umbrella review aimed to summarise the current evidence on the effects of dietary patterns on circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in adults. We conducted an exhaustive search of the Pubmed, Scopus and Epistemonikos databases, spanning from their inception to November 2023, to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses across all study designs. Subsequently, we employed a random-effects model to recompute the pooled mean difference. Methodological quality was assessed using the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) checklist, and evidence certainty was categorised as non-significant, weak, suggestive, highly suggestive or convincing (PROSPERO: CRD42023484917). We included twenty-seven articles with thirty meta-analyses of seven dietary patterns, fifteen of which (50 %) exhibited high methodological quality. The summary effects of randomised controlled trials (RCT) found that the Mediterranean diet was the most effective in reducing circulating CRP levels, followed by Vegetarian/Vegan and Energy-restricted diets, though the evidence was of weak quality. In contrast, Intermittent Fasting, Ketogenic, Nordic and Paleolithic diets did not show an inverse correlation with circulating CRP levels. Some results from combined interventional and observational studies, as well as solely observational studies, also agreed with these findings. These dietary patterns show the potential in reducing CRP levels in adults, yet the lack of high-quality evidence suggests future studies may alter the summary estimates. Therefore, further well-conducted studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Quang Tran
- Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Vietnam
| | - Khanh Nguyen Di
- Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thi Quynh Chi
- The University of Danang - School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Danang550000, Vietnam
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Fernandez-Lazaro CI, Santamaría G, Fernandez Milano A, Martin-Vergel MI, Fernandez-Lazaro D. Nutrition-Related Mobile Apps in the Spanish App Stores: Quality and Content Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e52424. [PMID: 39373465 DOI: 10.2196/52424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile apps represent accessible and cost-effective tools to improve nutrition and prevent chronic diseases. However, most of these apps have been characterized as having limited functionality, raising concerns about their effectiveness, acceptability, and efficacy. Objective The aims of the study were to assess the quality of popular nutrition-related app platforms in Spain and to describe their characteristics and functionalities. Methods We screened apps providing information on dietary advice, food advice, and nutritional content in the Apple App Store and Google Play Store in Spain from March 2 to March 16, 2024. Apps with a star rating of ≥4 (of 5 stars), those available in Spanish, those that were free of charge, those last updated after January 2022, those with >500 reviews, and those with >500,000 downloads were included. The quality of apps was assessed using the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS). General characteristics and nutritional, health, and market-related functionalities of the nutrition-related apps were described. Correlations among total and uMARS sections, star ratings, and number of reviews and downloads were evaluated. Results Among the 1460 apps identified in the search, 42 apps met the criteria. The majority of these (n=20, 48%) aimed at recording and analyzing food intake, followed by those providing nutritional plans or diets (n=9, 21%), advising on healthy habits (n=7, 17%), and offering recipes (n=6, 14%). The most prevalent nutritional functionalities offered were recording and monitoring body measurements (n=30, 71%), food tracking (n=26, 62%), and dietary analysis (n=25, 60%), whereas nutrition education was less common (n=16, 38%). Among market-related functionalities, advertisements were the most common among the study apps (n=30, 71%), followed by the option of sharing on social media (n=29, 69%) and customizable reminders (n=26, 62%). Sharing the recorded information in the app with health professionals was infrequent (n=1, 2%). The mean (SD) total uMARS score (maximum 5 points) was 3.78 (0.35), while the mean (SD) uMARS scores for functionality, aesthetics, engagement, and information were 4.21 (0.38), 3.94 (0.54), 3.51 (0.46), and 3.48 (0.44), respectively. Lower mean scores were observed for the subjective quality (mean 2.65, SD 0.56) and perceived impact (mean 3.06, SD 0.67). Moderate to strong positive significant correlations were mostly observed between total uMARS and section-specific uMARS scores, while the correlations between the uMARS section scores were mostly moderate positive. Total uMARS scores were very weakly correlated with user rating, number of reviews, and number of downloads. Conclusions The quality of popular nutrition-related app platforms in Spain was acceptable, with observed remarkable differences between sections. The majority of the apps were appealing due to their user-friendly interfaces. Only a few apps, however, provided dietary structure analysis or nutritional education. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact of these apps on users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar I Fernandez-Lazaro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Santamaría
- Departamento de Anatomía y Radiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | | | - Maria I Martin-Vergel
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Fernandez-Lazaro
- Grupo de Investigación Reconocido "Neurobiología," Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética, Histología y Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain
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Termine M, Davidson Z, Choi T, Leech M. What do we know about dietary perceptions and beliefs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis? A scoping review. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:1861-1874. [PMID: 39190199 PMCID: PMC11392979 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating inflammatory condition which has a high disease burden. While there is emerging evidence that certain foods and diets could have anti-inflammatory properties and there are published 'anti-inflammatory' diets, there is very little understanding of patient beliefs and perceptions about the impact of diet on symptom management or attitudes to particular dietary interventions. This scoping review aims to summarize the existing literature around the beliefs that patients with rheumatoid arthritis hold regarding the impact of diet on disease activity and joint pain. It also examines the current state of evidence regarding the impact of specific dietary interventions on patient reported and objective parameters of RA disease activity. A search was conducted across seven databases for studies which included reporting on dietary beliefs related to disease management or investigations on the effect of particular diets on disease activity or joint pain. Articles were excluded if they examined extracted compounds or individual dietary supplements. Included studies were synthesized narratively. We retrieved 25,585 papers from which 68 were included in this review: 7 assessed dietary beliefs, 61 explored dietary interventions. The available literature on patient beliefs has been largely limited to quantitative studies with limited qualitative exploration. The Mediterranean, fasting and vegan diets appear to have the most benefit with regards to rheumatoid arthritis outcomes for patients. Research which examines RA patient's beliefs and attitudes about the impact of diet on their RA symptoms and disease is currently lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Termine
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Zoe Davidson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Tammie Choi
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Michelle Leech
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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Kl H, Md B. Healthy foods, healthy brain? Mediterranean diet is associated with changes in inflammatory pathways affecting brain and behavior in a monkey model. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:119-120. [PMID: 39025417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hanson Kl
- The MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Bauman Md
- The MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, United States; California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, United States.
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Meernik C, Eilat-Adar S, Leonard D, Barlow CE, Gerber Y, Tesler R, Byker Shanks C, Pettee Gabriel K, Pavlovic A, DeFina LF, Shuval K. Dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness in midlife and subsequent all-cause dementia: findings from the cooper center longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:109. [PMID: 39334147 PMCID: PMC11428374 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying lifestyle factors that independently or jointly lower dementia risk is a public health priority given the limited treatment options available to patients. In this cohort study, we examined the associations between Mediterranean or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet adherence and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with later-life dementia, and assessed whether the associations between dietary pattern and dementia are modified by CRF. METHODS Data are from 9,095 adults seeking preventive care at the Cooper Clinic (1987-1999) who completed a 3-day dietary record and a maximal exercise test. Alzheimer's disease and related disorders or senile dementia (i.e., all-cause dementia) was identified from Medicare administrative claims (1999-2019). Illness-death models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between Mediterranean or DASH diet adherence (primary exposure), CRF (secondary exposure), and all-cause dementia, adjusted for demographic and clinical factors. An interaction term was included between diet score and CRF to assess effect modification by CRF. RESULTS The mean age at baseline was 50.6 (standard deviation [SD]: 8.4) years, and a majority of the study sample were men (77.5%) and White (96.4%). 1449 cases of all-cause dementia were identified over a mean follow-up of 9.2 (SD: 5.8) years. Neither Mediterranean nor DASH diet adherence was associated with dementia risk in fully adjusted models (HR per SD of Mediterranean diet score: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.05; HR per SD of DASH diet score: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.08). However, participants with higher CRF had a decreased hazard of dementia (HR, per metabolic equivalent of task [MET] increase, Mediterranean model: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98; HR, per MET increase, DASH model: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.97). No effect modification by CRF was observed in the association between diet and dementia. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of apparently healthy middle-aged adults seeking preventive care, higher CRF at midlife was associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia, though adherence to a Mediterranean or DASH diet was not, and CRF did not modify the diet-dementia association. CRF should be emphasized in multimodal interventions for dementia prevention and investigated among diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Meernik
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA.
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya, Israel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Leonard
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
| | | | - Yariv Gerber
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Riki Tesler
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | | | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Laura F DeFina
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
| | - Kerem Shuval
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
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Zhu K, Li R, Yao P, Yu H, Pan A, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Liu G. Proteomic signatures of healthy dietary patterns are associated with lower risks of major chronic diseases and mortality. NATURE FOOD 2024:10.1038/s43016-024-01059-x. [PMID: 39333296 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Healthy dietary patterns have been linked to a decreased risk of chronic diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether proteomic signatures can reflect proteome response to healthy diet patterns, and whether these proteomic signatures are associated with health outcomes. Using data from the UK Biobank including Olink plasma proteins, we identified substantial proteomic variation in relation to adherence to eight healthy dietary patterns. The proteomic signatures, reflecting adherence and proteome response to healthy dietary patterns, were prospectively associated with lower risks of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, chronic kidney diseases and cancers, along with longer life expectancy, even after adjusting for corresponding dietary patterns. These findings suggest proteomic signatures have the potential to complement traditional dietary assessments and deepen our understanding of the relationships between dietary patterns and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pang Yao
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hancheng Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Muraglia M, Faienza MF, Tardugno R, Clodoveo ML, Matias De la Cruz C, Bermúdez FG, Munizaga MG, Valencia L, Corbo F, Orellana-Manzano A. Breastfeeding: science and knowledge in pediatric obesity prevention. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1430395. [PMID: 39399112 PMCID: PMC11466875 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1430395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide is a significant concern due to its link to severe health issues in adulthood, such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). To address this issue, this review evaluates the effectiveness of various preventive measures for childhood obesity, focusing on maternal nutrition and breastfeeding. The study underscores the criticality of the periconceptional period, where the diets of both parents can influence epigenetic modifications that impact the child's metabolic pathways and obesity risks. Breastfeeding is a potent protective mechanism against early-onset obesity, significantly enhancing the infant's metabolic and immune health by modifying DNA methylation and gene expression. Furthermore, the perspective underscores the significance of the Mediterranean diet during the periconceptional period and lactation. This diet can effectively prevent gestational complications and improve breast milk quality, fostering optimal infant development. Recognizing that obesity results from genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and social factors, the paper advocates for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach from the earliest stages of life. This approach champions a balanced maternal diet, exclusive breastfeeding, and timely introduction to complementary foods. In conclusion, addressing pediatric obesity requires a multifaceted strategy emphasizing improving prenatal and postnatal nutrition. Further research is necessary to understand the epigenetic mechanisms influenced by nutrition and their long-term effects on children's health. This will help refine interventions that curb the obesity epidemic among future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari-Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Matias De la Cruz
- Laboratorio Para Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Fátima German Bermúdez
- Laboratorio Para Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - María Gabriela Munizaga
- Laboratorio Para Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Luz Valencia
- Licenciatura en Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Orellana-Manzano
- Laboratorio Para Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Caturano A, Vetrano E, Galiero R, Sardu C, Rinaldi L, Russo V, Monda M, Marfella R, Sasso FC. Advances in the Insulin-Heart Axis: Current Therapies and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10173. [PMID: 39337658 PMCID: PMC11432093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The insulin-heart axis plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in insulin-resistant states, including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance disrupts glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and atherogenesis, which contribute to heart failure (HF) and other CVDs. This review was conducted by systematically searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed studies published in the past decade, focusing on therapeutic interventions targeting the insulin-heart axis. Studies were selected based on their relevance to insulin resistance, cardiovascular outcomes, and the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments. Key findings from the review highlight the efficacy of lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and physical activity, which remain the cornerstone of managing insulin resistance and improving cardiovascular outcomes. Moreover, pharmacologic interventions, such as metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, have shown efficacy in reducing cardiovascular risk by addressing metabolic dysfunction, reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. Furthermore, emerging treatments, such as angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, and mechanical interventions like ventricular assist devices offer new avenues for managing HF in insulin-resistant patients. The potential of these therapies to improve left ventricular ejection fraction and reverse pathological cardiac remodeling highlights the importance of early intervention. However, challenges remain in optimizing treatment regimens and understanding the long-term cardiovascular effects of these agents. Future research should focus on personalized approaches that integrate lifestyle and pharmacologic therapies to effectively target the insulin-heart axis and mitigate the burden of cardiovascular complications in insulin-resistant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
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10
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Farsi DJ. BMI, Dental Caries, and Risk Factors among Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:1145. [PMID: 39334677 PMCID: PMC11430253 DOI: 10.3390/children11091145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Obesity and dental caries are multifactorial diseases with high prevalence amongst Saudi children. The aim of the study was to determine their association with common risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 300 children attending elementary schools. After taking their height and weight, their body mass indices (BMIs) were calculated. Oral examination was performed to record the decayed, missed, and filled scores (dmft/DMFT). A thorough questionnaire was compiled and validated to gather information on diet and physical activity (PA). The KIDMED score was calculated from a 16-item questionnaire to assess diet. Junk food and PA scores were also calculated based on relevant questions. Nonparametric tests were used to assess the associations between the scores and health outcomes (dmft/DMFT and BMI). Results: Fifty-eight of the children had poor diets, which was associated with higher dmft/DMFT (p = 0.012). PA levels were very low, and the average PA score was 2.12 ± 0.61. No association was found between BMI percentiles and PA level, nor between BMI percentiles and diet quality. Older children had lower BMI percentiles compared with younger children (coefficient = -9.35, 95% CI: -17.05, -1.65), and a borderline significant negative association was observed between dmft/DMFT and BMI percentile. Conclusions: Poor diets and chips consumption were related to dental caries. Obesity was not related to diet quality nor PA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kind Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Bartosiewicz A, Wyszyńska J, Łuszczki E, Lewandowska A, Zatorska-Zoła M, Sulikowski P, Matłosz P. Impact of Consumption of Specific Food Groups on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders among Nurses: Framingham's Multifactorial Predictive Model. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5568. [PMID: 39337053 PMCID: PMC11432469 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the consumption of selected food products and the risk of prevalence of selected metabolic and cardiovascular disorders among nurses. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 nurses. To achieve the study objective, body composition analysis (Tanita MC-980), blood pressure measurement (Welch Allyn 4200B), anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (CardioChek PA), and surveys regarding the consumption of specific food groups were conducted. Results: More than half of the respondents were overweight or/and obese, and almost 40% had elevated blood pressure levels. The results obtained from logistic regression models indicated that the consumption of specific food product groups may predispose to/increase the risk of hypertension, abdominal obesity, overweight, obesity, body fat accumulation, and the risk of cardiovascular events. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of targeted nutritional strategies to enhance the health and professional efficacy of nursing staff, paving the way for improved healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bartosiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Justyna Wyszyńska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Lewandowska
- Faculty of Healthcare, State Academy of Applied Sciences in Jaroslaw, 37-500 Jaroslaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Sulikowski
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Matłosz
- Institute of Physical Culture Science, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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12
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Gómez-Sánchez M, Gómez-Sánchez L, Llamas-Ramos R, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Ortiz L, Martí-Lluch R, Rodríguez MC, Llamas-Ramos I, Gómez-Marcos MA. Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Vascular Function in Subjects with and without Increased Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2024; 16:3106. [PMID: 39339706 PMCID: PMC11435013 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) The main aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of the Mediterranean diet (MD) with vascular function in participants with and without increased insulin resistance (IR) in the Spanish population. A secondary aim was to study differences by gender. (2) Methods: Data were analyzed from 3401 subjects in the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies (mean age = 60 years and 57% men). IR was evaluated with the triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index). TyG index = Ln [(fasting triglyceride mg/dL × fasting glucose mg/dL)/2]. The MD was measured against the MEDAS questionnaire, with the 14 items used in the PREDIMED study. Vascular stiffness was estimated with the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the cardio ankle vascular index (CAVI) using the Vasera VS-1500®. (3) Results: The mean MEDAS value was 5.82 ± 2.03; (men: 5.66 ± 2.06; women: 6.04 ± 1.99; p < 0.001). MD adherence was 36.8% (men: 34.2%; women: 40.3%; p < 0.001). The mean baPWV value was 14.39 ± 2.78; (men: 14.50 ± 2.65; women: 14.25 ± 2.93; p = 0.005). A baPWV value ≥ 14.5 m/s was found in 43.4% (men: 43.6%; women: 40.0%; p = 0.727). The mean CAVI value was 8.59 ± 1.28; (men: 8.75 ± 1.28; women: 8.37 ± 1.26; p < 0.001). CAVI values ≥ 9 were present in 39.0% (men: 44.4%; women: 31.7%; p < 0.001). The mean value of the TGC/G index was 10.93 ± 1.39; (men: 11.08 ± 1.33; women: 10.73 ± 1.43; p < 0.001). IR was found in 49.9%. The average value of the MD score value was negatively associated with baPWV and CAVI in all groups analyzed (<0.05), except in the group of women with insulin resistance. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that MD adherence is negatively associated with the vascular stiffness parameters analyzed in all the groups studied except the group of women with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gómez-Sánchez
- Home Hospitalization Service, Marqués of Valdecilla University Hospital, s/n, 39008 Santander, Spain;
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
| | - Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Emergency Service, University Hospital of La Paz, Walk. of Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Llamas-Ramos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Walk of San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Walk of San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain;
- Vascular Health Research Group, Instituto Universitario para la Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salud Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Girona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Doctor Trueta University Hospital, 17190 Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona (UdG), 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - María Cortés Rodríguez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Walk of San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés Llamas-Ramos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Walk of San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Doctor Trueta University Hospital, 17190 Girona, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2° P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (I.L.-R.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Walk of San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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13
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Pammer A, Obermayer A, Stadler JT, Pferschy PN, Tripolt NJ, Habisch H, Madl T, Sourij H, Marsche G. Effects of dietary interventions and intermittent fasting on HDL function in obese individuals with T2DM: a randomized controlled trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:339. [PMID: 39267053 PMCID: PMC11395628 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease represents a significant risk factor for mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is believed to play a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular health through its multifaceted atheroprotective effects and its capacity to enhance glycemic control. The impact of dietary interventions and intermittent fasting (IF) on HDL functionality remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of dietary interventions and IF as a strategy to safely improve glycemic control and reduce body weight on functional parameters of HDL in individuals with T2DM. METHODS Before the 12-week intervention, all participants (n = 41) of the INTERFAST-2 study were standardized to a uniform basal insulin regimen and randomized to an IF or non-IF group. Additionally, all participants were advised to adhere to dietary recommendations that promoted healthy eating patterns. The IF group (n = 19) followed an alternate-day fasting routine, reducing their calorie intake by 75% on fasting days. The participants' glucose levels were continuously monitored. Other parameters were measured following the intervention: Lipoprotein composition and subclass distribution were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) activity were assessed using cell-based assays and commercially available kits. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) levels were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Following the 12-week intervention, the IF regimen significantly elevated serum apoM levels (p = 0.0144), whereas no increase was observed in the non-IF group (p = 0.9801). ApoM levels correlated with weight loss and fasting glucose levels in the IF group. Both groups exhibited a robust enhancement in HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0006) after 12 weeks. Notably, only the non-IF group exhibited significantly elevated activity of PON1 (p = 0.0455) and LCAT (p = 0.0117) following the 12-week intervention. In contrast, the changes observed in the IF group did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS A balanced diet combined with meticulous insulin management improves multiple metrics of HDL function. While additional IF increases apoM levels, it does not further enhance other aspects of HDL functionality. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS) on 3 September 2019 under the number DRKS00018070.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Pammer
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Anna Obermayer
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Julia T Stadler
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Peter N Pferschy
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Norbert J Tripolt
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Harald Sourij
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria.
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria.
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14
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Clayton-Chubb D, Vaughan NV, George ES, Chan AT, Roberts SK, Ryan J, Phyo AZZ, McNeil JJ, Beilin LJ, Tran C, Wang Y, Sevilla-Gonzalez M, Wang DD, Kemp WW, Majeed A, Woods RL, Owen AJ, Fitzpatrick JA. Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Food Intake in Older Australian Adults-Associations with Frailty and Cardiometabolic Conditions. Nutrients 2024; 16:2978. [PMID: 39275293 PMCID: PMC11397489 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns contribute to overall health and diseases of ageing but are understudied in older adults. As such, we first aimed to develop dietary indices to quantify Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) utilisation and Ultra-processed Food (UPF) intake in a well-characterised cohort of relatively healthy community-dwelling older Australian adults. Second, we aimed to understand the relationship between these scores and the association of these scores with prevalent cardiometabolic disease and frailty. Our major findings are that in this population of older adults, (a) pre-frailty and frailty are associated with reduced MDS and increased UPF intake; (b) adherence to MDS eating patterns does not preclude relatively high intake of UPF (and vice versa); and (c) high utilisation of an MDS eating pattern does not prevent an increased risk of frailty with higher UPF intakes. As such, the Mediterranean Diet pattern should be encouraged in older adults to potentially reduce the risk of frailty, while the impact of UPF intake should be further explored given the convenience these foods provide to a population whose access to unprocessed food may be limited due to socioeconomic, health, and lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clayton-Chubb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill 3128, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Australia
| | - Nicole V Vaughan
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Alfred Health, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Elena S George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stuart K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth 6000, Australia
| | - Cammie Tran
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Magdalena Sevilla-Gonzalez
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dong D Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William W Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Ammar Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Alice J Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Jessica A Fitzpatrick
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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15
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Barbalace MC, Freschi M, Rinaldi I, Zallocco L, Malaguti M, Manera C, Ortore G, Zuccarini M, Ronci M, Cuffaro D, Macchia M, Hrelia S, Giusti L, Digiacomo M, Angeloni C. Unraveling the Protective Role of Oleocanthal and Its Oxidation Product, Oleocanthalic Acid, against Neuroinflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1074. [PMID: 39334733 PMCID: PMC11428454 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a critical aspect of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This study investigates the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of oleocanthal and its oxidation product, oleocanthalic acid, using the BV-2 cell line activated with lipopolysaccharide. Our findings revealed that oleocanthal significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced the expression of inflammatory genes, counteracted oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide, and increased cell phagocytic activity. Conversely, oleocanthalic acid was not able to counteract lipopolysaccharide-induced activation. The docking analysis revealed a plausible interaction of oleocanthal, with both CD14 and MD-2 leading to a potential interference with TLR4 signaling. Since our data show that oleocanthal only partially reduces the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kB, its action as a TLR4 antagonist alone cannot explain its remarkable effect against neuroinflammation. Proteomic analysis revealed that oleocanthal counteracts the LPS modulation of 31 proteins, including significant targets such as gelsolin, clathrin, ACOD1, and four different isoforms of 14-3-3 protein, indicating new potential molecular targets of the compound. In conclusion, oleocanthal, but not oleocanthalic acid, mitigates neuroinflammation through multiple mechanisms, highlighting a pleiotropic action that is particularly important in the context of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Barbalace
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Michela Freschi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
- Biostatistics and Clinical Trials Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Irene Rinaldi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zallocco
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- COIIM-Interuniversitary Consortium for Engineering and Medicine, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Doretta Cuffaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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16
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Formisano E, Proietti E, Perrone G, Demarco V, Galoppi P, Stefanutti C, Pisciotta L. Characteristics, Physiopathology and Management of Dyslipidemias in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2927. [PMID: 39275243 PMCID: PMC11397408 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). During pregnancy, physiological changes elevate cholesterol and triglyceride levels to support fetal development, which can exacerbate pre-existing conditions and lead to complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and increased ASCVD risk for both mother and child. Effective management strategies are necessary, especially for pregnant women with inherited forms of dyslipidemia (i.e., familial hypertriglyceridemia, hyperchylomicronemia), where personalized dietary adjustments are crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes. Pharmacological interventions and lipoprotein apheresis may be necessary for severe cases, though their use is often limited by factors such as cost, availability, and potential fetal risks. Despite the promise of advanced therapies, their widespread application remains constrained by limited studies and high costs. Thus, a personalized, multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimizing outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current strategies and evidence-based practices for managing dyslipidemia during pregnancy, emphasizing the balance of maternal and fetal health. Additionally, it discusses the physiological changes in lipid metabolism during pregnancy and their implications, particularly for women with inherited forms of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Formisano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Proietti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Perrone
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Demarco
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Galoppi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Stefanutti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Extracorporeal Therapeutic Techniques Unit, Lipid Clinic and Atherosclerosis Prevention Centre, Regional Centre for Rare Diseases, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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17
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Ortiz-Solà J, Almeida D, López-Mas L, Kallas Z, Abadias M, Barros L, Martín-Gómez H, Aguiló-Aguayo I. Sensory optimization of gluten-free hazelnut omelette and sugar-modified chestnut pudding: A free choice profiling approach for enhanced traditional recipe formulations. J Food Sci 2024; 89:5302-5318. [PMID: 39086065 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The Mediterranean region is distinguished by its gastronomic diversity and a wide variety of indigenous nut crops. In line with changing global food consumers' preferences, a noteworthy aspect is the increasing demand to the use of local varieties in recipe formulation. The aim of the present study was to incorporate the Terra Fria chestnut (Portugal) and Negreta hazelnut from Reus (Spain) in traditional Mediterranean recipes. The sensory, technofunctional, nutritional, and shelf-life characterization were investigated in hazelnut omelette (gluten and gluten-free) and chestnut pudding (sugar and sugar-free) formulations. Results conducted by trained assessors using the free choice profiling (FCP) showed that hazelnut omelette samples were described as "creamy," "smooth," and "handmade." In addition, the texture obtained with the hazelnut omelette gluten-free version showed the softest textural profile analysis attributes, with lower values for hardness (2.43 ± 0.36 N), adhesiveness (-0.38 ± 0.00 g s) and gumminess (2.12 ± 0.14). Furthermore, the shelf-life studies revealed a more golden color (>14.43 of a* CIELAB coordinate) and a lower moisture content (25.36%-43.59%) in the hazelnut flour formulation, in addition to the enrichment in terms of protein (8.36 g/100 g), fiber, and healthy fats. In the case of chestnut pudding, it was observed that the study parameters did not differ significantly from its sweetened analogue with positive attributes in FCP ("toasted," "fluffy," and "sweet"), positioning it as a viable alternative to sugar in this application. Therefore, both hazelnut flour in hazelnut omelette and oligofructose in chestnut pudding proved to be promising ingredients in the formulation of gluten-free and sugar-free developed products, offering attractive organoleptic and textural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ortiz-Solà
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Agrobiotech Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - D Almeida
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - L López-Mas
- Centre de Recerca en Economia i Desenvolupament Agroalimentaris (CREDA), UPC, IRTA, Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Miquel Agustí (FMA), Carrer d'Esteve Terradas, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Z Kallas
- Centre de Recerca en Economia i Desenvolupament Agroalimentaris (CREDA), UPC, IRTA, Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Abadias
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Agrobiotech Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - H Martín-Gómez
- CETT Barcelona School of Tourism, Hospitality and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Aguiló-Aguayo
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Agrobiotech Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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18
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Álvarez-Álvarez L, Vitelli-Storelli F, Rubín-García M, Martín-Sánchez V, García Fernández C, Carvalho C, Araújo J, Ramos E. Environmental impact of the diet of young Portuguese and its relationship with adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:2307-2315. [PMID: 38763928 PMCID: PMC11377495 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate, in a cohort of young Portuguese adults, the environmental impact (greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, land use, energy used, acidification and potential eutrophication) of diet according to adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD). METHODS Data from 1554 participants of the Epidemiologic Health Investigation of Teenagers in Porto (EPITeen) were analysed. Food intake and MD adherence were determined using validated questionnaires. The environmental impact was evaluated with the EAT-Lancet Commission tables, and the link between MD adherence and environmental impact was calculated using adjusted multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS Higher adherence (high vs. low) to the MD was associated with lower environmental impact in terms of land use (7.8 vs. 8.5 m2, p = 0.002), potential acidification (57.8 vs. 62.4 g SO2-eq, p = 0.001) and eutrophication (21.7 vs. 23.5 g PO4-eq, p < 0.001). Energy use decreased only in the calorie-adjusted model (9689.5 vs. 10,265.9 kJ, p < 0.001), and GHG emissions were reduced only in a complementary model where fish consumption was eliminated (3035.3 vs. 3281.2 g CO2-eq, p < 0.001). Meat products had the greatest environmental impact for all five environmental factors analysed: 35.7% in GHG emissions, 60.9% in energy use, 72.8% in land use, 70% in acidification and 61.8% in eutrophication. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to the MD is associated with lower environmental impact, particularly in terms of acidification, eutrophication, and land use. Reducing meat consumption can contribute to greater environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Álvarez-Álvarez
- Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Facundo Vitelli-Storelli
- Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - María Rubín-García
- Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín-Sánchez
- Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camino García Fernández
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Catarina Carvalho
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Medical School, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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19
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Araújo JR, Marques C, Rodrigues C, Calhau C, Faria A. The metabolic and endocrine impact of diet-derived gut microbiota metabolites on ageing and longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102451. [PMID: 39127442 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been recently recognized as a hallmark of ageing. At this stage of life, gut microbiota becomes depleted from bacteria involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), indole and its derivative indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), metabolites shown to improve host glycemic control as well as insulin sensitivity and secretion. Moreover, gut microbiota becomes enriched in pathobiont bacteria involved in the production of imidazole propionate, phenols and trimethylamine, metabolites that promote host insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The magnitude of these changes is much more pronounced in unhealthy than in healthy ageing. On the other hand, a distinct gut microbiota signature is displayed during longevity, the most prominent being an enrichment in both SCFA and IPA bacterial producers. This short Review discusses, in an innovative and integrative way, cutting-edge research on the composition of gut microorganisms and profile of metabolites secreted by them, that are associated with a healthy and unhealthy ageing pattern and with longevity. A detailed description of the positive or detrimental metabolic effects, in the ageing host, of diet-derived gut microbial metabolites is provided. Finally, microbiota-targeted interventions that counteract gut dysbiosis associated with ageing, are briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R Araújo
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Marques
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal; Unidade Universitária Lifestyle Medicine José de Mello Saúde by NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Ana Faria
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal; Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
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20
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Tan LJ, Oh SJ, Nasan-Ulzii B, Lee W, Hong SW, Shin S. Association between dietary patterns and obesity: a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Public Health 2024; 234:217-223. [PMID: 39089174 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The obesity prevalence in South Korea in 2021 stood at 38.4%. South Korea faces unique challenges in providing essential and emergency guidelines for weight management because of stepping into an aging society. We aimed to determine the daily diet patterns among the general Korean population and to investigate the association between such patterns and different obesity. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 6539 adult participants (mean age 50.8 years, 52.9% male) with normal-weight adults were included from the Ansan-Ansung cohort of 10,030 Korean adults aged 40 or older and followed for an average of 11 years. Obesity was defined according to the criteria from the Korean Society for The Study of Obesity. Baseline dietary intake was assessed using a validated 103-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived from k-means cluster analysis. RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, referring to white rice + baechu kimchi, participants from multigrain rice + baechu kimchi showed lower HR for obesity development (waist circumference defined-obesity; HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.95; body fat percentage defined-obesity; HR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.98). Further analysis documented that except for body fat percentage defined-obesity, consuming milk or dairy products was linked to a reduced incidence of the other three obesity (body mass index defined-obesity; HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.99; waist circumference defined-obesity; HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.94; waist-to-hip ratio defined-obesity; HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.91). CONCLUSIONS Following a diet that includes multigrain rice, fermented baechu kimchi, and dairy products is linked to a decreased risk of obesity in Korean adults. Public health programs and policies could incorporate these dietary recommendations, targeting specific population groups such as schoolchildren, adults, and the elderly. Additionally, further research is needed to explore the synergistic effects of various foods and their interactions within dietary patterns on obesity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Tan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea
| | - S-J Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea
| | - B Nasan-Ulzii
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, South Korea
| | - S W Hong
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, South Korea.
| | - S Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, South Korea.
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21
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Hu F, Qin W, Xu L. Association between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity among Chinese Rural Older Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:2830. [PMID: 39275148 PMCID: PMC11397048 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global population is aging rapidly, leading to an increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and CMM among Chinese rural older adults. METHODS The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method and a total of 3331 rural older adults were ultimately included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between the latent dietary patterns and CMM. RESULTS The prevalence of CMM among rural older adults was 44.64%. This study identified four potential categories: "Low Consumption of All Foods Dietary Pattern (C1)", "High Dairy, Egg, and Red Meat Consumption, Low Vegetable and High-Salt Consumption Dietary Pattern (C2)", "High Egg, Vegetable, and Grain Consumption, Low Dairy and White Meat Consumption Dietary Pattern (C3)" and "High Meat and Fish Consumption, Low Dairy and High-Salt Consumption Dietary Pattern (C4)". Individuals with a C3 dietary pattern (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.98; p = 0.028) and a C4 dietary pattern (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.97; p = 0.034) significantly reduced the prevalence of CMM compared with the C1 dietary pattern. CONCLUSIONS Rural older adults have diverse dietary patterns, and healthy dietary patterns may reduce the risk of CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Hu
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenzhe Qin
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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22
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López-Moreno M, Fresán U, Del Coso J, Aguilar-Navarro M, Iglesias López MT, Pena-Fernández J, Muñoz A, Gutiérrez-Hellín J. The OMNIVEG STUDY: Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men. A controlled crossover trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00305-3. [PMID: 39358106 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The Mediterranean diet is a plant-based dietary pattern with well-established health benefits such as the reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, incorporating more plant-based foods into a Mediterranean diet may provide further health benefits. The study aimed to assess the effect of shifting from a traditional Mediterranean diet to a vegan Mediterranean diet on cardiorespiratory fitness and lipid profile in physically active and healthy men. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants underwent a baseline period with adhesion to the general patterns of the Mediterranean diet for three weeks and then they changed to an isocaloric vegan version of the Mediterranean diet for four weeks, with a 7-day washout period between diets. The shift from the traditional Mediterranean diet to the vegan Mediterranean diet required substituting animal-based foods with plant-based foods that contain comparable amounts of protein and fat. Fourteen participants with a mean age of 24.6 ± 7.0 years (range: 18-37 years), completed the study protocol. The change from the traditional to the vegan Mediterranean diet reduced blood concentration of total cholesterol (-22.6 mg/dl, p < 0.01, Effect size [ES] = 1.07) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-12.8 mg/dl, p < 0.01, ES = 0.72). An inverse correlation was observed between the intake of dietary fibre and LDL-C (partial rho = -0.43, p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS The adoption of a vegan Mediterranean diet with plant-based proteins and fats instead of the traditional Mediterranean diet improved several cardiometabolic health outcomes in physically active and healthy men. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NCT06008886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Moreno
- Diet, Planetary Health and Performance, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain; School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain
| | | | - Juan Del Coso
- Sport Sciences Research Centre, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28943, Madrid, Spain
| | - Millán Aguilar-Navarro
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain
| | | | - Javier Pena-Fernández
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain
| | - Alejandro Muñoz
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain.
| | - Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo, Spain
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23
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Baroutis D, Kalampokas T, Katsianou E, Psarris A, Daskalakis G, Panoulis K, Eleftheriades M. The Role of the Mediterranean Diet in Assisted Reproduction: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2807. [PMID: 39203942 PMCID: PMC11356935 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet, characterized by high consumption of plant-based foods, olive oil, moderate intake of fish and poultry, and low consumption of red meat and processed foods, has been suggested to improve assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. This narrative review aimed to summarize and synthesize the evidence from observational studies on the associations between preconception adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and ART outcomes. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Seven observational studies (n = 2321 women undergoing ART) were included. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was assessed using food frequency questionnaires with 6-195 items. Three studies found that higher Mediterranean Diet scores were associated with improved clinical pregnancy rates (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.9; RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.05-3.78) or live birth rates (RR 2.64, 95% CI 1.37-5.07). Two studies showed a positive effect on embryo yield (p = 0.028) and ovarian response. However, two studies reported no significant associations with ultimate ART success, and four studies found no effects on oocyte and embryo number or quality. The heterogeneity in study designs, Mediterranean Diet assessment methods, and ART protocols limited the strength of conclusions. Evidence for the effects of greater adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on ART outcomes is limited but promising. Future research should focus on conducting randomized controlled trials with standardized Mediterranean Diet assessment methods to establish causal relationships between Mediterranean Diet adherence and ART outcomes, and to elucidate potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Baroutis
- Aretaieio Hospital, 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
- Alexandra Hospital, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Kalampokas
- Aretaieio Hospital, 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Katsianou
- Aretaieio Hospital, 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Psarris
- Alexandra Hospital, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - George Daskalakis
- Alexandra Hospital, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Panoulis
- Aretaieio Hospital, 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Makarios Eleftheriades
- Aretaieio Hospital, 2nd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
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24
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Sanchis C, Plaza M, Checa I, Monleón C. Combined effects of a Mediterranean diet and respiratory muscle training on higher education woodwind musicians: A randomized controlled trial. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35495. [PMID: 39170324 PMCID: PMC11336701 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A two-factor within subjects and randomized controlled was conducted with three groups (two experimental and one control) to explore the effects of the Mediterranean diet and respiratory muscle training on ventilatory fatigue, stress, and emotional performance of woodwind musicians. 70 students from the Valencia Conservatory of Music were recruited and randomized into three groups: respiratory training group + nutrition program (RTG; n = 17), control group (CG; n = 35) and nutrition program group (NPG; n = 18). The nutritional program was based on Mediterranean a diet. Body composition, emotional intelligence, physiological stress and ventilatory response were assessed for all groups before and after intervention. Mixed ANOVA showed main effects of diet and training interventions on emotional attention (F = 8.042; p = 0.006), clarity (F = 9.306; p = 0.003), repair (F = 5.527; p = 0.022), Forced-Expiratory-Volume (F = 30.196; p < 0.000) and Forced-Vital-Capacity (F = 21.052; p < 0.000), with both interventions improving emotional intelligence and ventilatory variables. Bonferroni post-hoc analysis revealed significant differences of RTG and CG for emotional attention (MD = 4.60; p = 0.023), comprehension (MD = 5.734; p = 0.005), repair (MD = 8.576; p < 0.000), FEV1 (MD = 0.862; p = 0.005), and FCV (MD = 1.608; p < 0.001); with similar results when comparing NTG and CG: emotional attention (MD = 4.156; p = 0.041), comprehension (MD = 4.473; p = 0.033), repair (MD = 6.511; p = 0.001), Forced-Expiratory-Volume (MD = 1.608; p < 0.001), and Forced-Vital-Capacity (MD = 1.183; p < 0.001). No significant effects of experimental groups were observed for physiological stress variables (p > 0.05). This results suggests that respiratory training enhances emotional intelligence and lessens respiratory fatigue in musicians, and a combination of a Mediterranean diet and respiratory muscle training further boosts emotional intelligence, albeit with limited impact on physiological stress. This study represents a novel investigation into the approach by dietary interventions and respiratory muscle training in wind musicians since there are no studies that analyze it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sanchis
- Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcos Plaza
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Checa
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Monleón
- Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Valencia, Spain
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25
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Hareer LW, Lau YY, Mole F, Reidlinger DP, O'Neill HM, Mayr HL, Greenwood H, Albarqouni L. The effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review. Nutr Diet 2024. [PMID: 39143663 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to review meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. METHODS Five databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL and ProQuest) were searched from inception to November 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (i) systematic review of randomised controlled studies with metanalysis; (ii) adults ≥18 years from the general population with (secondary prevention) and without (primary prevention) established cardiovascular disease; (iii) Mediterranean Diet compared with another dietary intervention or usual care. Review selection and quality assessment using AMSTAR-2 were completed in duplicate. GRADE was extracted from each review, and results were synthesised narratively. RESULTS Eighteen meta-analyses of 238 randomised controlled trials were included, with an 8% overlap of primary studies. Compared to usual care, the Mediterranean Diet was associated with reduced cardiovascular disease mortality (n = 4 reviews, GRADE low certainty; risk ratio range: 0.35 [95% confidence interval: 0.15-0.82] to 0.90 [95% confidence interval: 0.72-1.11]). Non-fatal myocardial infarctions were reduced (n = 4 reviews, risk ratio range: 0.47 [95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.79] to 0.60 [95% confidence interval: 0.44-0.82]) when compared with another active intervention. The methodological quality of most reviews (n = 16/18; 84%) was low or critically low and strength of evidence was generally weak. CONCLUSIONS This review showed that the Mediterranean Diet can reduce fatal cardiovascular disease outcome risk by 10%-67% and non-fatal cardiovascular disease outcome risk by 21%-70%. This preventive effect was more significant in studies that included populations with established cardiovascular disease. Better quality reviews are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laima W Hareer
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yan Ying Lau
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Frances Mole
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dianne P Reidlinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hayley M O'Neill
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah L Mayr
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah Greenwood
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Loai Albarqouni
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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26
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Arslan N, Bozkır E, Koçak T, Akin M, Yilmaz B. From Garden to Pillow: Understanding the Relationship between Plant-Based Nutrition and Quality of Sleep. Nutrients 2024; 16:2683. [PMID: 39203818 PMCID: PMC11357367 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of diet on sleep quality has been addressed in many studies; however, whether/how plant-based diets (PBDs) impact sleep-related parameters has not been explored in detail. This review aims to give an overview of the components of PBDs and the possible mechanisms through which PBDs may improve sleep quality. Studies have indicated that diets such as PBDs, which are typically high in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and fiber, are associated with better sleep outcomes, including less fragmented sleep and improved sleep duration. Several mechanisms may explain how PBDs impact and/or improve sleep outcomes. Firstly, PBDs are characteristically rich in certain nutrients, such as magnesium and vitamin B6, which have been associated with improved sleep patterns. Secondly, PBDs are often lower in saturated fats and higher in fiber, which may contribute to better overall health, including sleep quality. Additionally, plant bioactive compounds like phytochemicals and antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, and herbs may have sleep-promoting effects. According to available data, PBD and Mediterranean diet elements promise to enhance sleep quality; however, it is crucial to note that diets should be customized based on each person's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum 25050, Türkiye;
| | - Eda Bozkır
- Burhaniye Chamber of Commerce, Safe Food Analysis and Export Support Center, Balıkesir 10700, Türkiye;
| | - Tevfik Koçak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane 29100, Türkiye;
| | - Meleksen Akin
- Department of Horticulture, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76000, Türkiye;
| | - Birsen Yilmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, Türkiye
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27
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Bersia M, Charrier L, Zanaga G, Gaspar T, Moreno-Maldonado C, Grimaldi P, Koumantakis E, Dalmasso P, Comoretto RI. Well-being among university students in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-country survey. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18296. [PMID: 39112645 PMCID: PMC11306340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
University students have to handle crucial challenges for their future lives, such as succeeding in academic studies and finding attachment figures. These processes could potentially involve their well-being and mental health, with possible sociocultural differences based on the country of study. In order to explore such potential differences, a cross-sectional, multi-center survey was performed involving students from the University of Torino (Italy), Sevilla (Spain), and Lusòfona (Portugal). The survey, conducted from May to November 2023, investigated students' demographic and educational details, socioeconomic status, social support, mental health, academic environment, perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact, and future plans. Demographic profiles showed a predominance of female participants and straight sexual orientation, followed by bisexuality. Italian students showed the lowest levels of mental well-being and the highest rates of mental problems (anxiety and depression) and suicidal risk across the three countries despite the relatively similar profiles of social support. The prevalence of the students' confidence in their professional future is higher in Spain than in Italy and Portugal. This study provides a comprehensive examination of university students' mental health and well-being in three Southern European countries, addressing the major mental health challenges among university students and offering valuable insights for public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bersia
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - L Charrier
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Zanaga
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - T Gaspar
- HEI-LAB, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Moreno-Maldonado
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Sevilla, C/Camilo José Cela, s/n., 41018, Seville, Spain
| | - P Grimaldi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Koumantakis
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - P Dalmasso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - R I Comoretto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Ruiz-Marín CM, Isabel Álvarez-Mercado A, Plaza-Díaz J, Rodríguez-Lara A, Gallart-Aragón T, Sánchez-Barrón MT, Lartategui SDR, Alcaide-Lucena M, Fernández MF, Fontana L. A Clustering Study of Sociodemographic Data, Dietary Patterns, and Gut Microbiota in Healthy and Breast Cancer Women Participating in the MICROMA Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400253. [PMID: 38950423 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This work is part of the clinical study NCT03885648 registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, aimed at studying the relationship among breast cancer, microbiota, and exposure to environmental pollutants. As a first step, we characterized and evaluated risk factors of the participants. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study was designed with breast cancer (cases, n = 122) and healthy women (controls, n = 56) recruited in two hospitals of Andalusia (Southern Spain). Participants answered questionnaires of Mediterranean diet adherence and food frequency. Data were collected from medical histories and microbiota was analyzed on stool samples. Most cases (78.2%) were diagnosed as stages I and II. Cases had higher age, body mass index (BMI), glucose, cholesterol, and potassium values than controls. Cases exhibited higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their food consumption was closer to that dietary pattern. A hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio was the most relevant variable in women with breast cancer, which was higher in this group compared with controls. CONCLUSION Although cases exhibited higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared with controls, they presented features and microbiota alterations typical of the metabolic syndrome, probably due to their higher BMI and reflecting changes in their lifestyle around the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen María Ruiz-Marín
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Departament of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Avilene Rodríguez-Lara
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Tania Gallart-Aragón
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Miriam Alcaide-Lucena
- Unit of Mammary Pathology, General Surgery Service, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Fontana
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
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López-Gil JF, Victoria-Montesinos D, García-Hermoso A. Is higher adherence to the mediterranean diet associated with greater academic performance in children and adolescents? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1702-1709. [PMID: 38896917 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to synthesize the available evidence from the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and academic performance in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, which adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were examined from inception to April 8th, 2024. RESULTS Eighteen studies were included in the current systematic review and sixteen in the meta-analysis. The relationship between adherence to the MedDiet and academic performance among children and adolescents was statistically significant (Pearson's correlation coefficient [r] = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14 to 0.21, p < 0.001; inconsistency index [I2] = 56.7%). The influence analysis revealed that removing individual studies one at a time did not result in any changes to the overall results (p < 0.05 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS A higher adherence to the MedDiet could play a relevant role in academic performance among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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30
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Yao CK, Fitzpatrick J, Machado P, Staudacher HM. Is there an "optimal" diet for prevention of inflammatory bowel disease? JGH Open 2024; 8:e70016. [PMID: 39185483 PMCID: PMC11344165 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.70016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiological studies have evolved from a focus of single nutrients to diet patterns to capture the protective role of healthy diets on chronic disease development. Similarly, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a healthy diet may be protective against its development in individuals with genetic susceptibility, but the definitions of the optimal diet pattern deserve further exploration. Hence, this review article presents evidence, mainly from prospective cohort studies, for the role of diet quality based on adherence to dietary guidelines, traditional and modern diet patterns in the prevention of IBD. Findings from a limited number of studies on diet quality suggest that high diet quality scores are associated with lower risk of developing Crohn's disease, but the data are inconsistent for ulcerative colitis (UC). There are signals that a Mediterranean diet pattern reduces the risk of Crohn's disease but, again, the data are inconsistent and further studies are much needed. Finally, the evidence is conflicting regarding the role of food additives, with difficulties in the assessment of their intake, namely non-nutritive sweeteners and emulsifiers, precluding accurate assessment of a relationship with IBD risk. In contrast, emerging evidence for a role of ultra-processed food in the development of Crohn's disease but not UC is identified. Given the potential influence of diet quality, a Mediterranean diet and ultra-processed food intake on the risk of Crohn's disease, assessment and implementation of dietary advice for these patients need to be tailored. The search for an optimal diet for UC remains elusive and further research for increasing the evidence in the area is greatly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu K Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash University & Alfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jessica Fitzpatrick
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash University & Alfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Priscila Machado
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Heidi M Staudacher
- Food & Mood Centre, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical TranslationDeakin UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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31
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Madarász B, Fazekas-Pongor V, Szarvas Z, Fekete M, Varga JT, Tarantini S, Csiszar A, Lionetti V, Tabák AG, Ungvari Z, Forrai J. Survival and longevity of European rulers: geographical influences and exploring potential factors, including the Mediterranean diet - a historical analysis from 1354 to the twentieth century. GeroScience 2024; 46:3801-3818. [PMID: 38012365 PMCID: PMC11226567 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant regional variability in lifespan in Europe is influenced by environmental factors and lifestyle behaviors, including diet. This study investigates the impact of geographical region on the lifespan of European rulers spanning from the fourteenth century to the present day. By analyzing historical records and literature, we aim to identify region-specific dietary patterns and lifestyle factors that may have contributed to longer lifespans among rulers. The hypothesis to be tested is that rulers from Southern European countries, where the traditional Mediterranean diet is consumed by the local people, may exhibit longer lifespans compared to rulers from other regions, due to the well-documented health benefits associated with this dietary pattern. We extracted comprehensive information for each ruler, encompassing their sex, birth and death dates, age, age of enthronement, duration of rulership, country, and cause of death (natural vs. non-natural). To determine their nationality, we coded rulers based on their hypothetical present-day residence (2023). Utilizing the EuroVoc Geographical classification, we categorized the countries into four regions: Northern, Western, Southern, Central and Eastern Europe. While Cox regression models did not find significant differences in survival rates among regions, further analysis stratified by time periods revealed intriguing trends. Contrary to our initial predictions, the Northern region displayed better survival rates compared to the Southern region between 1354 and 1499, whereas survival rates were similar across regions from 1500 to 1749. However, after 1750, all regions, except the Southern region, exhibited significantly improved survival rates, suggesting advancements in healthcare and lifestyle factors. These findings underscore the dynamic influence of both region and time period on health and longevity. Interestingly, despite the prevalence of the Mediterranean diet in the Southern region of Europe, rulers from this region did not demonstrate longer lifespans compared to their counterparts in other regions. This suggests that additional lifestyle factors may have played a more prominent role in their longevity. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the intricate relationship between region, time period, and lifespan among European rulers. Although the Mediterranean diet is often associated with health benefits, our findings indicate that it alone may not account for differences in ruler longevity across regions. Further research is warranted to explore the impact of other lifestyle factors on the health and lifespan of European rulers throughout history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Madarász
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Szarvas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
| | - Mónika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
| | | | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adam G Tabák
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Judit Forrai
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, H-1085, Hungary.
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Barkas F, Sener YZ, Golforoush PA, Kheirkhah A, Rodriguez-Sanchez E, Novak J, Apellaniz-Ruiz M, Akyea RK, Bianconi V, Ceasovschih A, Chee YJ, Cherska M, Chora JR, D'Oria M, Demikhova N, Kocyigit Burunkaya D, Rimbert A, Macchi C, Rathod K, Roth L, Sukhorukov V, Stoica S, Scicali R, Storozhenko T, Uzokov J, Lupo MG, van der Vorst EPC, Porsch F. Advancements in risk stratification and management strategies in primary cardiovascular prevention. Atherosclerosis 2024; 395:117579. [PMID: 38824844 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for advancements in risk assessment and management strategies. Although significant progress has been made recently, identifying and managing apparently healthy individuals at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis and those with subclinical atherosclerosis still poses significant challenges. Traditional risk assessment tools have limitations in accurately predicting future events and fail to encompass the complexity of the atherosclerosis trajectory. In this review, we describe novel approaches in biomarkers, genetics, advanced imaging techniques, and artificial intelligence that have emerged to address this gap. Moreover, polygenic risk scores and imaging modalities such as coronary artery calcium scoring, and coronary computed tomography angiography offer promising avenues for enhancing primary cardiovascular risk stratification and personalised intervention strategies. On the other hand, interventions aiming against atherosclerosis development or promoting plaque regression have gained attention in primary ASCVD prevention. Therefore, the potential role of drugs like statins, ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, omega-3 fatty acids, antihypertensive agents, as well as glucose-lowering and anti-inflammatory drugs are also discussed. Since findings regarding the efficacy of these interventions vary, further research is still required to elucidate their mechanisms of action, optimize treatment regimens, and determine their long-term effects on ASCVD outcomes. In conclusion, advancements in strategies addressing atherosclerosis prevention and plaque regression present promising avenues for enhancing primary ASCVD prevention through personalised approaches tailored to individual risk profiles. Nevertheless, ongoing research efforts are imperative to refine these strategies further and maximise their effectiveness in safeguarding cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Yusuf Ziya Sener
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Azin Kheirkhah
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology, and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jan Novak
- 2(nd) Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Apellaniz-Ruiz
- Genomics Medicine Unit, Navarra Institute for Health Research - IdiSNA, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ralph Kwame Akyea
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexandr Ceasovschih
- Internal Medicine Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ying Jie Chee
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Mariia Cherska
- Cardiology Department, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Joana Rita Chora
- Unidade I&D, Grupo de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Doenças Não Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mario D'Oria
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nadiia Demikhova
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine; Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Antoine Rimbert
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Krishnaraj Rathod
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Barts Interventional Group, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vasily Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Stoica
- "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roberto Scicali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Tatyana Storozhenko
- Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium; Department of Prevention and Treatment of Emergency Conditions, L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute NAMSU, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Jamol Uzokov
- Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Szalóki-Dorkó L, Kumar P, Székely D, Végvári G, Ficzek G, Simon G, Abrankó L, Tormási J, Bujdosó G, Máté M. Comparative Study of Different Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) Varieties Based on Their Nutritional Values. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2097. [PMID: 39124216 PMCID: PMC11313864 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols, fatty acids, and mineral composition were studied in eight Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) samples: 'Milotai 10' (M10) and 'Alsószentiváni 117' (A117) Hungarian varieties derived from two Hungarian growing areas (Pálháza-P and Berzék-B), 'Chernivets'ky 1' from Ukraine, and 'Chandler' from the United States of America, Chile, and Brazil purchased on the Hungarian consumer market. The aim was to reveal which walnut variety is the most suitable for consumption from a nutritive point of view. In comparison, both Hungarian varieties grown in Hungarian climatic conditions had on average approximately 33% more polyphenols, approximately 22% more SFAs (saturated fatty acids), and approximately 27% more MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids). Regarding the minerals, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium were present in higher concentrations in both Hungarian varieties. Among the Hungarian-bred varieties, M10 mainly reached a higher compounds content, but the effects of the fruit site conditions were not clearly detected. Other varieties contained mainly potassium, copper, and zinc, such as 'Chandler' harvested from Chile. 'Chernivets'ky 1', harvested from Ukraine, had outstanding cinnamic acid and linoleic acid contents compared to the other examined varieties. All 'Chandler' samples (mainly the American) contained 11% more PUFAs compared to the samples derived from Hungary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Szalóki-Dorkó
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-D.); (P.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-D.); (P.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Dóra Székely
- MHKSZ—Association of Hungarian Deepfreezing and Canning Industry, 2 Haller Utca, 1096 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - György Végvári
- Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, 6–8 Leányka út, 3300 Eger, Hungary;
| | - Gitta Ficzek
- Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (G.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Gergely Simon
- Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (G.F.); (G.S.)
| | - László Abrankó
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (L.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Judit Tormási
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (L.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Géza Bujdosó
- Institute for Horticultural Scienes, Fruit Growing Research Centre, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science, 2 Park u., 1223 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mónika Máté
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 29–43 Villányi út, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-D.); (P.K.); (M.M.)
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Vaghef-Mehrabani E, Bell RC, Field CJ, Jarman M, Evanchuk JL, Letourneau N, Giesbrecht GF. Maternal pre-pregnancy diet and prenatal depression: the mediating role of pre-pregnancy weight status and prenatal inflammation. Br J Nutr 2024; 132:115-129. [PMID: 38800987 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common prenatal psychological complication. We aimed to investigate if maternal pre-pregnancy diet can impact prenatal depressive symptoms and the mediating role of pre-pregnancy BMI and inflammation. We used data (N 1141) from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition cohort study. We calculated Mediterranean diet adherence (MED) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores using data from pre-pregnancy FFQ. In the third-trimester, we assessed depressive symptoms using Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and inflammation through serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. BMI was calculated from self-reported pre-pregnancy weight. Race-stratified analyses (white and people of colour) were run. We observed no association between MED or DII tertiles and depressive symptoms. However, white participants in the MED tertile-3 had lower risk of depression (EPDS < 10) compared with tertile-1 (OR = 0·56, 95 % CI, 0·33, 0·95). White individuals in MED tertile-3 had lower BMI (MD = -1·08; 95 % CI, -1·77, -0·39) and CRP (MD = -0·53; 95 % CI, -0·95, -0·11) than tertile-1, and those in DII tertile-2 (MD = 0·44; 95 % CI, 0·03, 0·84) and tertile-3 (MD = 0·42; 95 % CI, 0·01, 0·83) had higher CRP than tertile-1. Among people of colour, neither MED nor DII was associated with BMI or CRP, but BMI was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β = -0·25, 95 % CI, -0·43, -0·06). We found no association between diet and depressive symptoms through BMI or CRP, in either race. Pre-pregnancy diet might affect the risk of prenatal depression in a race-specific way. Further research is required to explore the racial differences in the association between maternal diet and prenatal depressive symptoms/depression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabani
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rhonda C Bell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Megan Jarman
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenna L Evanchuk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Marina Arroyo M, Ramírez Gallegos I, López-González ÁA, Vicente-Herrero MT, Vallejos D, Sastre-Alzamora T, Ramírez Manent JI. Usefulness of the ECORE-BF Scale to Determine Atherogenic Risk in 386,924 Spanish Workers. Nutrients 2024; 16:2434. [PMID: 39125315 PMCID: PMC11314428 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Obesity and atherosclerosis are considered risk factors for this pathology. There are multiple methods to evaluate obesity, in the same way as there are different formulas to determine atherogenic risk. Since both pathologies are closely related, the objective of our work was to evaluate whether the ECORE-BF scale is capable of predicting atherogenic risk. METHODS Observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study in which 386,924 workers from several autonomous communities in Spain participated. The association between the ECORE-BF scale and five atherogenic risk indices was evaluated. The relationship between variables was assessed using the chi-square test and Student's t test in independent samples. Multivariate analysis was performed with the multinomial logistic regression test, calculating the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals, with the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. ROC curves established the cut-off points for moderate and high vascular age and determined the Youden index. RESULTS The mean values of the ECORE-BF scale were higher in individuals with atherogenic dyslipidemia and the lipid triad, as well as in those with elevated values of the three atherogenic indices studied, with p <0.001 in all cases. As atherogenic risk increased across the five evaluated scales, the prevalence of obesity also significantly increased, with p <0.001 in all cases. In the ROC curve analysis, the AUCs for atherogenic dyslipidemia and the lipid triad were above 0.75, indicating a good association between these scales and the ECORE-BF. Although the Youden indices were not exceedingly high, they were around 0.5. CONCLUSIONS There is a good association between atherogenic risk scales, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and lipid triad, and the ECORE-BF scale. The ECORE-BF scale can be a useful and quick tool to evaluate atherogenic risk in primary care and occupational medicine consultations without the need for blood tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marina Arroyo
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
| | - Ignacio Ramírez Gallegos
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
| | - Ángel Arturo López-González
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, ADEMA University School, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Health Service of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - María Teófila Vicente-Herrero
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
| | - Daniela Vallejos
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
| | - Tomás Sastre-Alzamora
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
| | - José Ignacio Ramírez Manent
- Research ADEMA SALUD Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (M.M.A.); (I.R.G.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.M.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Health Service of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Chapman N, Breslin M, Zhou Z, Sharman JE, Nelson MR, McManus RJ. Comparison of Patients Classified as High-Risk between International Cardiovascular Disease Primary Prevention Guidelines. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4379. [PMID: 39124648 PMCID: PMC11312975 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention guidelines classify people at high risk and recommended for pharmacological treatment based on clinical criteria and absolute CVD risk estimation. Despite relying on similar evidence, recommendations vary between international guidelines, which may impact who is recommended to receive treatment for CVD prevention. Objective: To determine the agreement in treatment recommendations according to guidelines from Australia, England and the United States. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 2647). Adults ≥ 40 years were classified as high-risk and recommended for treatment according to Australia, England and United States CVD prevention guidelines. Agreement in high-risk classification and recommendation for treatment was assessed by Kappa statistic. Results: Participants were middle aged, 49% were male and 38% were white. The proportion recommended for treatment was highest using the United States guidelines (n = 1318, 49.8%) followed by the English guidelines (n = 1276, 48.2%). In comparison, only 26.6% (n = 705) of participants were classified as recommended for treatment according to the Australian guidelines. There was moderate agreement in the recommendation for treatment between the English and United States guidelines (κ = 0.69 [0.64-0.74]). In comparison, agreement in recommendation for treatment was minimal between the Australian and United States guidelines (κ = 0.47 [0.43-0.52]) and weak between the Australian and English guidelines (κ = 0.50 [0.45-0.55]). Conclusions: Despite similar evidence underpinning guidelines, there is little agreement between guidelines regarding the people recommended to receive treatment for CVD prevention. These findings suggest greater consistency in high-risk classification between CVD prevention guidelines may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Chapman
- School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Monique Breslin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - James E. Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Mark R. Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Richard J. McManus
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
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Biggi C, Biasini B, Ogrinc N, Strojnik L, Endrizzi I, Menghi L, Khémiri I, Mankai A, Slama FB, Jamoussi H, Riviou K, Elfazazi K, Rehman N, Scazzina F, Menozzi D. Drivers and Barriers Influencing Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: A Comparative Study across Five Countries. Nutrients 2024; 16:2405. [PMID: 39125289 PMCID: PMC11313691 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the global decline in adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), even within its native region, it is key to identify the factors influencing this trend to mitigate the negative health outcomes associated with westernized diets. To this end, 4025 individuals (49.6% women, 42.6 ± 14.2 y/o) from Greece, Italy, Morocco, Slovenia, and Tunisia remotely completed a series of measures assessing motives, attitudes, and psychosocial factors related to MD adherence, which was evaluated using the MEDAS questionnaire. The results suggested medium-to-low adherence across all countries, with the highest adherence in Italy and Morocco and the lowest in Slovenia. Structural equation modeling revealed that positive attitudes toward the healthiness of food were the strongest predictors of adherence, whereas picky eating was a significant negative predictor in all countries except Greece. Adherence to the MD was positively influenced by health motivations in Morocco and weight control in Slovenia and Greece, while sensory appeal negatively influenced adherence in Italy. Additionally, price and convenience were significant barriers in Tunisia and Greece, whereas a preference for local and seasonal foods promoted adherence in Morocco and Greece. Overall, our findings underscore the need for country-specific interventions and policies that address distinct local factors and motivations to ease favorable shifts in dietary patterns toward MD principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Biggi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Beatrice Biasini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Nives Ogrinc
- Jožef Stefan Institute (JSI), Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.O.); (L.S.)
| | - Lidija Strojnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute (JSI), Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.O.); (L.S.)
| | - Isabella Endrizzi
- Research and Innovation Center, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Menghi
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy;
| | - Ikram Khémiri
- Tunisian Association of Nutritional Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Rue Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (I.K.); (A.M.); (F.B.S.); (H.J.)
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers (LR16/ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Amani Mankai
- Tunisian Association of Nutritional Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Rue Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (I.K.); (A.M.); (F.B.S.); (H.J.)
- Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques, University of Tunis El Manar, B.P. 176–Bab Souika, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Ben Slama
- Tunisian Association of Nutritional Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Rue Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (I.K.); (A.M.); (F.B.S.); (H.J.)
- Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques, University of Tunis El Manar, B.P. 176–Bab Souika, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Henda Jamoussi
- Tunisian Association of Nutritional Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, 11 Rue Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (I.K.); (A.M.); (F.B.S.); (H.J.)
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, 15 Rue Jebel Lakhdar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Katerina Riviou
- Ellinogermaniki Agogi Scholi Panagea Savva AE (EA), Dimitriou Panagea Str., 15351 Pallini, Greece;
| | - Kaoutar Elfazazi
- Agri-Food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Morocco (INRA), Avenue de la Victoire, B.P. 415 RP, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Nayyer Rehman
- WRG Europe Ltd., 26-28 Southernhay East, Exeter EX1 1NS, UK;
| | - Francesca Scazzina
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Davide Menozzi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (C.B.); (B.B.); (F.S.)
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Santiago S, Ochoa Díaz ME, Zazpe I, Hershey MS, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martínez González MÁ. Association between overall quality of macronutrients and incidence of overweight and obesity in the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) cohort. NUTR HOSP 2024. [PMID: 39054857 DOI: 10.20960/nh.05181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION no previous large prospective studies have assessed the global quality of macronutrients in association with the risk of overweight/obesity. OBJECTIVE to prospectively assess the association of an overall macronutrient quality index (MQI) with weight change and the incidence of overweight/obesity in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. METHODS the diet of 9,344 Spanish university graduates (mean age: 36.5 [SD, 11.1]) was assessed through a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire. The MQI was calculated as the sum of the Carbohydrate Quality Index, the Fat Quality Index, and the Healthy Plate Protein Quality Index. Participants were classified into groups according to MQI. Incident overweight/obesity was defined if follow-up questionnaires indicated BMI was ≥ 25 kg/m2. Multiple linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the average yearly weight change and the risk of overweight/obesity over follow-up time. RESULTS 2,465 cases of incident overweight/obesity were identified (median follow-up: 10.7 years). Increasing MQI was significantly associated with lower annual weight gain (g): ß coefficient: -99.0, (95 % CI: -173.6 to -24.5) in the Q4 vs Q1, p for trend = 0.007. In the fully adjusted model the incidences of overweight/obesity in Q4 and Q1 were 21.7 % (431 cases) and 29.3 % (954 cases), respectively. The adjusted HR was 0.87 (95 % CI, 0.77-0.98, p for trend = 0.036). When we used repeated analyses updating the MQI after 10 years of follow-up, results remained similar. CONCLUSIONS a significant inverse association between a multidimensional MQI and the risk of overweight/obesity was found in this Mediterranean cohort of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Santiago
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology. Universidad de Navarra. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA)
| | | | - Itziar Zazpe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology. Universidad de Navarra. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn). Instituto de Salud Carlos III
| | | | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Facultad de Medicina. Clínica Universidad de Navarra
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez González
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Facultad de Medicina. Clínica Universidad de Navarra
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Pagidipati NJ, Taub PR, Ostfeld RJ, Kirkpatrick CF. Dietary patterns to promote cardiometabolic health. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01061-7. [PMID: 39020052 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Multiple professional societies recommend the Mediterranean and/or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary patterns in their cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines because these diets can improve cardiometabolic health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Furthermore, low sodium intake can be particularly beneficial for patients with hypertension. Carbohydrate restriction, with an emphasis on including high-quality carbohydrates and limiting refined starches and foods and beverages with added sugars, can promote weight loss and cardiometabolic benefits in the short term, compared with higher carbohydrate intake. Evidence is lacking for sustained, long-term effects of low carbohydrate and very low carbohydrate intake on cardiometabolic risk and cardiovascular outcomes. Time-restricted eating, in the context of an overall healthy dietary pattern, can promote cardiometabolic health by aligning food intake with the circadian rhythm, although its effect on hard clinical outcomes remains to be proven. Although there is no one dietary pattern that is appropriate for all patients, engaging in shared decision-making with patients, utilizing behaviour-change principles and engaging members of the health-care team, such as registered dietitian nutritionists, can lead to substantial improvement in the lifestyle and overall health trajectory of a patient. Emphasizing the similarities, rather than differences, of recommended dietary patterns, which include an emphasis on vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole grains and minimally processed protein foods, such as fatty fish or plant-based proteins, can simplify the process for both patients and clinicians alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha J Pagidipati
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Pam R Taub
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert J Ostfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carol F Kirkpatrick
- Midwest Biomedical Research, Addison, IL, USA
- Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA
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Hindi Z, Belfakira C, Lafram A, Bikri S, Benayad A, El Bilali H, Bügel SG, Srednicka-Tober D, Pugliese P, Strassner C, Rossi L, Stefanovic L, Aboussaleh Y. Exploring food consumption patterns in the province of Kenitra, Northwest of Morocco. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1899. [PMID: 39014347 PMCID: PMC11251386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morocco is currently undergoing rapid changes in diets and lifestyles, influenced by globalization and urbanization, leading to a shift away from the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) toward Western diets. OBJECTIVE Describe and explore the food consumption patterns of the population of Kenitra province and their adherence to the MedDiet using a validated survey. METHOD The current cross-sectional study involved 442 respondents from Kenitra province, comprising individuals aged 18 and above. The survey included a combination of closed and open-ended questions regarding food consumption patterns and socio-demographic characteristics. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the Panagiotakos method to calculate the MedDiet score (MDS). Additionally, each participant's adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated using a method based on Martínez-González's approach. RESULTS The results indicate that 31% of the participants eat vegetables, 28% eat fruits, and 19% eat wholegrain bread daily. Furthermore, 58% regularly use olive oil in their cooking. Eating out of home (OOH) was high, with popular places being restaurants and cafes (70%), fast food outlets (20%), and workplace canteens (7%). Overall, participants showed moderate adherence to the MedDiet, with a mean MDS of 36.3 ± 19.7. CONCLUSIONS Promoting healthy eating habits is crucial in Kenitra. With moderate consumption of nutrient-dense foods and the popularity of the MedDiet, targeted interventions and educational initiatives can promote healthy dietary behaviors, improving overall public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Hindi
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Chaimaa Belfakira
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Amina Lafram
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Samir Bikri
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Asmaa Benayad
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Hamid El Bilali
- International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM-Bari), Valenzano (Bari), 70010, Italy
| | - Susanne Gjedsted Bügel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Dominika Srednicka-Tober
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Patrizia Pugliese
- International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM-Bari), Valenzano (Bari), 70010, Italy
| | - Carola Strassner
- Department of Food - Nutrition - Facilities, FH Münster University of Applied Sciences, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura Rossi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA - Food and Nutrition), Rome, Italy
| | - Lilliana Stefanovic
- Section of Organic Food Quality, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Youssef Aboussaleh
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133, Kenitra, 14000, Morocco.
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Martín-O’Connor R, Ramos-Levi A, Melero V, Arnoriaga-Rodriguez M, Barabash A, Valerio J, del Valle L, de Miguel P, Diaz A, Familiar C, Moraga I, Duran A, Cuesta M, Torrejón MJ, Martínez-Novillo M, Marcuello C, Pazos M, Rubio MA, Matía Matin P, Calle-Pascual AL. Early Mediterranean-Based Nutritional Intervention Reduces the Rate of Gestational Diabetes in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the San Carlos Gestational Prevention Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2206. [PMID: 39064649 PMCID: PMC11279464 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the most optimal type of nutritional intervention to prevent GDM in high-risk women is not clearly defined. This study investigates if nutritional treatment based on the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) before the 12th gestational week (GW) in women at high risk due to a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 reduces the rate of GDM and metabolic syndrome (MetS) at 3 years postpartum. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the San Carlos Gestational Prevention Study. A total of 735 women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 were evaluated between 2015 and 2018, with 246 in the standard diet control group (CG) and 489 in the MedDiet intervention group (IG). The rate of GDM was significantly lower in IG compared to CG (25.1% vs. 31.7%), relative risk (95% confidence interval), and 0.89 (0.78-0.99); p = 0.037. Postnatal follow-up was completed by 141 women in CG (57%) and 312 women in IG (64%). At 3 years postpartum, we observed a reduction in the rates of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (0.51 (0.28-0.92); p = 0.019), obesity (0.51 (0.28-0.92); p = 0.041), waist circumference (WC) ≥ 89.5 cm (0.54 (0.31-0.94); p = 0.022), and MetS (0.56 (0.33-0.94); p = 0.003). MedDiet reduces the rate of GDM and postpartum MetS in women with BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, suggesting that its implementation should be routinely recommended from the first GWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Martín-O’Connor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Ana Ramos-Levi
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Veronica Melero
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - María Arnoriaga-Rodriguez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Ana Barabash
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Johanna Valerio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Laura del Valle
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Paz de Miguel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Diaz
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Familiar
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Inmaculada Moraga
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Alejandra Duran
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Cuesta
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Torrejón
- Clinical Laboratory Department Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.T.); (M.M.-N.)
| | - Mercedes Martínez-Novillo
- Clinical Laboratory Department Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.T.); (M.M.-N.)
| | - Clara Marcuello
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Mario Pazos
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Miguel A. Rubio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía Matin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.-O.); (A.R.-L.); (V.M.); (M.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (L.d.V.); (P.d.M.); (A.D.); (C.F.); (I.M.); (A.D.); (M.C.); (C.M.); (M.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Migdanis A, Migdanis I, Gkogkou ND, Papadopoulou SK, Giaginis C, Manouras A, Polyzou Konsta MA, Kosti RI, Oikonomou KA, Argyriou K, Potamianos S, Kapsoritakis A. The Relationship of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Disease Activity and Quality of Life in Crohn's Disease Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1106. [PMID: 39064535 PMCID: PMC11279084 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Emerging evidence is placing the Mediterranean diet (MD) in the spotlight as a potential dietary model that could benefit inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in terms of prevention and progress of the disease. The main aim of the present study is to shed some light on the relationship between the adherence to the MD and the degree of disease activity, as well as the quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Materials and Methods: An administered questionnaire was used to assess and record a number of parameters, including recent medical and weight history, anthropometric characteristics, disease activity (in remission or active disease), and quality of life of both male and female CD patients. Moreover, the level of compliance of the participants to the Mediterranean diet model was evaluated and its relationship with disease activity and quality of life was investigated. Results: Adherence to the MD was significantly higher in patients with inactive disease than in those with active disease (p = 0.019). According to the correlation analysis conducted, adherence to the MD was negatively correlated with disease activity (p = 0.039) and positively correlated with quality of life (QoL) (p = 0.046) of the participants. Intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products was significantly higher in remission patients (p = 0.046, p = 0.001, p = 0.041, respectively). Conclusions: We conclude, according to the findings of the study, that adherence to the MD is associated with disease activity and QoL in patients with CD. Future research should focus on MD intervention studies on IBD patients in order to assess its effect on modulating disease activity/course and related inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.); (R.I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.); (R.I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Nikoleta D. Gkogkou
- MSc Program Nutrition in Health and Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Nea Moudania, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Myrina, 81400 Lemnos, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Manouras
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.); (R.I.K.)
| | | | - Rena I. Kosti
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.); (R.I.K.)
| | - Konstantinos A. Oikonomou
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.O.); (K.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Argyriou
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.O.); (K.A.)
| | - Spyridon Potamianos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.P.); (A.K.)
- MSc Program Nutrition in Health and Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.O.); (K.A.)
| | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.P.); (A.K.)
- MSc Program Nutrition in Health and Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.O.); (K.A.)
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Mach F, Visseren FLJ, Cater NB, Salhi N, Soronen J, Ray KK, Delgado V, Jukema JW, Laufs U, Zamorano JL, Ros E, Plat J, Gesztes AG, Tokgozoglu L, Packard C, Libby P. Addressing residual risk beyond statin therapy: New targets in the management of dyslipidaemias-A report from the European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table. J Clin Lipidol 2024:S1933-2874(24)00209-5. [PMID: 39289123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the most common cause of death in Europe. Despite proven benefits, use of lipid-lowering therapy remains suboptimal. Treatment goals are often not achieved, even in patients at high risk with atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD). The occurrence of CV events in patients on lipid-lowering drugs is defined as "residual risk", and can result from inadequate control of plasma lipids or blood pressure, inflammation, diabetes, and environmental hazards. Assessment of CV risk factors and vascular imaging can aid in the evaluation and management decisions for individual patients. Lifestyle measures remain the primary intervention for lowering CV risk. Where drug therapies are required to reach lipid treatment targets, their effectiveness increases when they are combined with lifestyle measures delivered through formal programs. However, lipid drug dosage and poor adherence to treatment remain major obstacles to event-free survival. This article discusses guideline-supported treatment algorithms beyond statin therapy that can help reduce residual risk in specific patient profiles while also likely resulting in substantial healthcare savings through better patient management and treatment adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Mach
- Department of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Mach).
| | - Frank L J Visseren
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Dr Visseren)
| | - Nilo B Cater
- Global Medical Affairs, Pfizer, New York, NY, USA (Dr Cater)
| | - Nejoua Salhi
- Global Medical Affairs, AMGEN Europe GmbH, Rotkreuz, Switzerland (Dr Salhi)
| | - Jarkko Soronen
- Scientific Communication and Strategy, Daiichi-Sankyo Europe GmbH, Munich, Germany (Dr Soronen)
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (Dr Ray)
| | - Victoria Delgado
- University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (Dr Delgado)
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (Dr Jukema); Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Dr Jukema)
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Department of Cardiology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany (Dr Laufs)
| | - Jose-Luis Zamorano
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain (Dr Zamorano)
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (Dr Ros)
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands (Dr Plat)
| | - Akos Gabor Gesztes
- SZÍVSN - Heartily (We help you) National Patient Association, Budapest, Hungary (Dr Gesztes)
| | - Lale Tokgozoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (Dr Tokgozoglu)
| | - Chris Packard
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (Dr Packard)
| | - Peter Libby
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (Dr Libby)
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Brown AGM, Adas S, de Jesus J, Farmer N, Fisher R, Pratt CA. Bridging the Gap: The Need to Implement Dietary Guidance to Address Cardiovascular Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:2125. [PMID: 38999873 PMCID: PMC11243232 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the U.S. and globally. Research demonstrates that diet is a leading contributor to the development of CVD, its prevention and management, and the overall promotion of cardiovascular health. This article describes the current state of the evidence, including research on the DASH and Mediterranean diets to promote cardiovascular health and prevent CVD. The article suggests approaches to implement evidence-based diets and federal dietary guidance to promote the adoption and integration of these interventions in both community and clinical settings. It highlights the current U.S. federal interest in "Food is Medicine" and its importance in addressing diet-related chronic diseases and promoting cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison G M Brown
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samantha Adas
- Office of Nutrition Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Janet de Jesus
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachel Fisher
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Charlotte A Pratt
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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45
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Gopalarathinam R, Sankar R, Zhao SS. Role of Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Psoriatic Arthritis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:588-596. [PMID: 38862291 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition with complex and heterogenous manifestations. Although a myriad of treatment options including biologic medications are available to alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression, there is currently no cure for this condition. There has been a recent emergence of understanding about the relationship between the gut microbiome and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. This has generated interest in the potential role of dietary interventions, particularly anti-inflammatory diets, and fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) as novel therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the role of an anti-inflammatory diet and FMT in turn and whether their combination may offer alternate approaches for the management of PsA. METHODS Our non-systematic narrative review was informed by a literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar using the terms anti-inflammatory diet, FMT, nutrition supplements, and PsA. Preclinical studies and non-English language articles were excluded when synthesizing the narrative review. FINDINGS Current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational evidence suggest that a hypocaloric diet or Mediterranean diet can help achieve weight loss among PsA patients who are overweight or obese, which in turn reduces inflammation and improves disease activity. However, there is no strong data to support the beneficial effects of intermittent fasting, vitamin supplements, turmeric supplements, probiotics, or omega-3 fatty acid supplements in PsA. Current evidence on the use of FMT in PsA is limited as only one small RCT has been conducted which did not demonstrate efficacy for improving clinical symptoms. IMPLICATIONS Clinicians can consider recommending hypocaloric or Mediterranean diets as an adjunct to standard management of PsA, possibly under the guidance of a dietician. Further research is needed to explore the beneficial effects of the synergistic role of combining an anti-inflammatory diet with FMT in PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Gopalarathinam
- Division of Rheumatology, Wrightington Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK.
| | - Reethika Sankar
- Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Meenakshi Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sizheng Steven Zhao
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Brianso-Llort L, Saéz-Lopez C, Alvarez-Guaita A, Ramos-Perez L, Hernandez C, Simó R, Selva DM. Recent Advances on Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Regulation by Nutritional Factors: Clinical Implications. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400020. [PMID: 38934352 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a homodimeric glycoprotein produced by the human liver and secreted into the systemic circulation where it binds with high affinity sex steroids regulating their availability in blood and accessibility to target tissues. Plasma SHBG levels are altered in metabolic disorders such as obesity, anorexia, and insulin resistance. Several reports have shown that diets in terms of total calories or fat, fiber, or protein content can alter plasma SHBG levels. However, there are many components in a diet that can affect SHBG gene expression in the liver. In order to unravel the molecular mechanisms by which diets regulate SHBG production, it would be necessary to analyze single diet components and/or nutritional factors. This review summarizes the recent advances in identifying different nutritional factors regulating SHBG production and the related molecular mechanism, as well as the clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brianso-Llort
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Cristina Saéz-Lopez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Anna Alvarez-Guaita
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Lorena Ramos-Perez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernandez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - David M Selva
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Biomedical Network Research Centre on Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, ISCIII), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
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Wang Q, Dong N, Feng Y, Ning Y, Zhu R, Han S. The association between the dietary inflammatory index and allergic rhinitis: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1418305. [PMID: 38993240 PMCID: PMC11236676 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1418305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. However, there is limited research on the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the risk of AR. Our study aimed to assess the association between DII and AR in a sample of adults from North China. Methods In a case-control study, we selected 166 cases of AR and 166 age- and gender-matched controls. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated based on the quantity of diet components with inflammatory or anti-inflammatory potential. We used conditional logistic regression models to examine the association between E-DII and AR. Results Our findings indicate a positive correlation between E-DII and AR risk. After controlling for confounders, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile exhibited a 4.41-fold increased risk of AR compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 4.41, 95% CI 2.31-8.41). Additionally, stratified analysis showed that E-DII was positively associated with AR subtype (seasonal vs. perennial), duration (≤6 years vs. >6 years), severity (mild vs. moderate-severe), and onset time (intermittent vs. persistent). Furthermore, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile had higher intake of total fat, SFA, PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs. Conclusion In conclusion, we realized that there is a positive association between the E-DII score and AR. The consumption of diets abundant in anti-inflammatory nutrients and low in pro-inflammatory nutrient contents is recommended as a preventative strategy against AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Niuniu Dong
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Editorial Department, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Ning
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruifang Zhu
- Editorial Department, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shifan Han
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Editorial Department, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Gavras A, Batsis JA. Medical weight loss in older persons with obesity. Clin Obes 2024:e12684. [PMID: 38924367 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of individuals with obesity or overweight has steadily increased over the past decades both worldwide, and in the United States. This trend is also evident in the older adult population, which has experienced a continuous rise in the number of individuals with overweight or obesity. This is relevant due to the impact of obesity in older adults' quality of life, physical function, morbidity, and healthcare costs. This review aims to provide practical guidance and currently available approaches for healthcare professionals in managing this population. Both non-pharmacological methods such as intensive behavioural therapy, nutritional interventions, and physical activity, as well as anti-obesity medications, are discussed, with a focus on their potential positive and negative effects in older adults. Additionally, bariatric therapy is evaluated, including current procedures available and the associated results and risks in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gavras
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Florkowski M, Abiona E, Frank KM, Brichacek AL. Obesity-associated inflammation countered by a Mediterranean diet: the role of gut-derived metabolites. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1392666. [PMID: 38978699 PMCID: PMC11229823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1392666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide and has become a critical public health priority. Obesity is associated with many co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although the physiology of obesity is complex, a healthy diet and sufficient exercise are two elements known to be critical to combating this condition. Years of research on the Mediterranean diet, which is high in fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, fish, and olive oil, have demonstrated a reduction in numerous non-communicable chronic diseases associated with this diet. There is strong evidence to support an anti-inflammatory effect of the diet, and inflammation is a key driver of obesity. Changes in diet alter the gut microbiota which are intricately intertwined with human physiology, as gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a key role in biological pathways throughout the body. This review will summarize recent published studies that examine the potential role of gut metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and lipopolysaccharide, in modulating inflammation after consumption of a Mediterranean-like diet. These metabolites modulate pathways of inflammation through the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, toll-like receptor 4 signaling, and macrophage driven effects in adipocytes, among other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Florkowski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Esther Abiona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen M Frank
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Allison L Brichacek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Chen H, Wang J, Guo H, Zhao Q, Lin G, Hocher B, Kalk P, Wang Z, Gong F. Mediterranean diet improves blastocyst formation in women previously infected COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1371077. [PMID: 38966424 PMCID: PMC11222606 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1371077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Our study tries to investigate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) on assisted reproductive treatment outcomes in women after COVID-19 infection. Design A prospective observational cohort study in the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya from February 2023 to August 2023.Subjects: A total of 605 participants previously infected with COVID-19 were enrolled. Exposure None. Main outcome measurement The primary outcomes are oocyte and embryo quality. The secondary outcomes are pregnancy outcomes. Results A majority of participants (n = 517) followed low to moderate MeDiet, and only a small group of them (n = 88) followed high MeDiet. The blastocyst formation rate is significantly higher in MeDiet scored 8-14 points women (46.08%), compared to the other two groups (which is 41.75% in the low adherence population and 40.07% in the moderate adherence population respectively) (p = 0.044). However, the follicle number on hCG day, yield oocytes, normal fertilized zygotes, fertilization rate, day three embryos (cleavage embryos), and embryo quality are comparable among the three groups. For those who received embryo transfer, we noticed an obvious trend that with the higher MeDiet score, the higher clinical pregnancy rate (62.37% vs. 76.09% vs. 81.25%, p = 0.197), implantation rate (55.84% vs. 66.44% vs. 69.23%, p = 0.240) and ongoing pregnancy rate (61.22% vs. 75.00% vs. 81.25%, p = 0.152) even though the p values are not significant. An enlarging sample size study, especially in a high adherence population should be designed to further verify the effects of MeDiet's role in improving IVF performance. Conclusion High adherence to MeDiet is associated with improved blastocyst formation in women after COVID-19 infection. There is also a trend that high adherence to MeDiet might be beneficial to clinical pregnancy, embryo implantation as well as ongoing pregnancy in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Chen
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Department of Nephrology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxin Guo
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Diagnostics, IMD, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Kalk
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- Diaverum Renal Care Center, Diaverum MVZ Am Neuen Garten Standort Ludwigsfelde, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zetao Wang
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fei Gong
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
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