1
|
Brozzi F, Jacovetti C, Cosentino C, Menoud V, Wu K, Bayazit MB, Abdulkarim B, Iseli C, Guex N, Guay C, Regazzi R. tRNA-derived fragments in T lymphocyte-beta cell crosstalk and in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis in NOD mice. Diabetologia 2024; 67:2260-2274. [PMID: 38967669 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS tRNAs play a central role in protein synthesis. Besides this canonical function, they were recently found to generate non-coding RNA fragments (tRFs) regulating different cellular activities. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of tRFs in the crosstalk between immune cells and beta cells and to investigate their contribution to the development of type 1 diabetes. METHODS Global profiling of the tRFs present in pancreatic islets of 4- and 8-week-old NOD mice and in extracellular vesicles released by activated CD4+ T lymphocytes was performed by small RNA-seq. Changes in the level of specific fragments were confirmed by quantitative PCR. The transfer of tRFs from immune cells to beta cells occurring during insulitis was assessed using an RNA-tagging approach. The functional role of tRFs increasing in beta cells during the initial phases of type 1 diabetes was determined by overexpressing them in dissociated islet cells and by determining the impact on gene expression and beta cell apoptosis. RESULTS We found that the tRF pool was altered in the islets of NOD mice during the initial phases of type 1 diabetes. Part of these changes were triggered by prolonged exposure of beta cells to proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) while others resulted from the delivery of tRFs produced by CD4+ T lymphocytes infiltrating the islets. Indeed, we identified several tRFs that were enriched in extracellular vesicles from CD4+/CD25- T cells and were transferred to beta cells upon adoptive transfer of these immune cells in NOD.SCID mice. The tRFs delivered to beta cells during the autoimmune reaction triggered gene expression changes that affected the immune regulatory capacity of insulin-secreting cells and rendered the cells more prone to apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data point to tRFs as novel players in the crosstalk between the immune system and insulin-secreting cells and suggest a potential involvement of this novel class of non-coding RNAs in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. DATA AVAILABILITY Sequences are available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with accession numbers GSE242568 and GSE256343.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora Brozzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Jacovetti
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Cosentino
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Menoud
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kejing Wu
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Bilal Bayazit
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Iseli
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudiane Guay
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Debuysschere C, Nekoua MP, Alidjinou EK, Hober D. The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:588-599. [PMID: 38890459 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Environmental factors, in particular viral infections, are thought to have an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The COVID-19 pandemic reinforced this hypothesis as many observational studies and meta-analyses reported a notable increase in the incidence of T1DM following infection with SARS-CoV-2 as well as an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of new-onset T1DM. Experimental evidence suggests that human β-cells express SARS-CoV-2 receptors and that SARS-CoV-2 can infect and replicate in β-cells, resulting in structural or functional alterations of these cells. These alterations include reduced numbers of insulin-secreting granules, impaired pro-insulin (or insulin) secretion, and β-cell transdifferentiation or dedifferentiation. The inflammatory environment induced by local or systemic SARS-CoV-2 infection might result in a set of signals (such as pro-inflammatory cytokines) that lead to β-cell alteration or apoptosis or to a bystander activation of T cells and disruption of peripheral tolerance that triggers autoimmunity. Other mechanisms, such as viral persistence, molecular mimicry and activation of endogenous human retroviruses, are also likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of T1DM following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This Review addresses the issue of the involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the development of T1DM using evidence from epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Debuysschere
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de virologie ULR3610, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Didier Hober
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de virologie ULR3610, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mehra A, Kumar S, Mittal A, Kohli R, Mittal A. Insights to the emerging potential of glucokinase activators as antidiabetic agent. Pharm Pat Anal 2024; 13:53-71. [PMID: 39316577 DOI: 10.1080/20468954.2024.2389762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The glucokinase enzyme (belongs to the hexokinase family) is present in liver cells and β-cells of the pancreas. Glucokinase acts as a catalyst in the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose which is rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism. Glucokinase becomes malfunctional or remains inactivated in diabetes. Glucokinase activators are compounds that bind at the allosteric site of the glucokinase enzyme and activate it. This article highlights the patent and recent research papers history with possible SAR from year 2014-2023. The data comprises the discussion of novel chemotypes (GKAs) that are being targeted for drug development and entered into clinical trials. GK activators have attracted massive interest since successful results have been reported from clinical trials data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Anu Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University College, Patti, Distt. Tarn Taran, India
| | - Ruchi Kohli
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University College, Narot Jaimal Singh, 145026, Punjab, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Punjab, 144411, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dayanand Y, Pather R, Xulu N, Booysen I, Sibiya N, Khathi A, Ngubane P. Exploring the Biological Effects of Anti-Diabetic Vanadium Compounds in the Liver, Heart and Brain. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:3267-3278. [PMID: 39247428 PMCID: PMC11380877 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s417700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and diabetes-related complications is rapidly increasing worldwide, placing a substantial financial burden on healthcare systems. Approximately 537 million adults are currently diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes globally. However, interestingly, the increasing morbidity rate is primarily influenced by the effects of long-term hyperglycemia on vital organs such as the brain, the liver and the heart rather than the ability of the body to use glucose effectively. This can be attributed to the summation of the detrimental effects of excessive glucose on major vascular systems and the harmful side effects attributed to the current treatment associated with managing the disease. These drugs have been implicated in the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease, hepatocyte injury and cognitive dysfunction, thereby warranting extensive research into alternative treatment strategies. Literature has shown significant progress in utilizing metal-based compounds, specifically those containing transition metals such as zinc, magnesium and vanadium, in managing hyperglycaemia. Amongst these metals, research carried out on vanadium reflected the most promising anti-diabetic efficacy in cell culture and animal studies. This was attributed to the ability to improve glucose management in the bloodstream by enhancing its uptake and metabolism in the kidney, brain, skeletal muscle, heart and liver. Despite this, organic vanadium was considered toxic due to its accumulative characteristics. To alleviate vanadium's toxic nature while subsequently manipulating its therapeutic properties, vanadium complexes were synthesized using either vanadate or vanadyl as a base compound. This review attempts to evaluate organic vanadium salts' therapeutic and toxic effects, highlight vanadium complexes' research and provide insight into the novel dioxidovanadium complex synthesized in our laboratory to alleviate hyperglycaemia-associated macrovascular complications in the brain, heart and liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalka Dayanand
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Reveshni Pather
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nombuso Xulu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irvin Booysen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Ntethelelo Sibiya
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo Z, Mejia-Cordova M, Hamze N, Berggren E, Chopra S, Safi B, Blixt M, Sandler S, Singh K. Assessing the effectiveness of Interleukin-2 therapy in experimental type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 2024; 85:626-637. [PMID: 38424350 PMCID: PMC11291609 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03753-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM Much focus of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been devoted on selectively boosting regulatory T (Treg) cells using low dose IL-2 due to their constitutive expression of IL-2Rα, CD25. However, several clinical trials using a low dose of IL-2 only showed a limited improvement of metabolic control. It can therefore be hypothesized that further decreasing IL-2 dosage may increase the selective responsiveness of Treg cells. METHODS We induced experimental T1D using multiple low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections and treated the mice with an ultra-low dose IL-2 (uIL-2, approximately 7-fold lower than low dose). Immune response was studied using multicolor flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that uIL-2 did not protect STZ mice from developing hyperglycemia. It did neither increase Treg cell proportions, nor did it correct the phenotypic shift of Treg cells seen in T1D. It only partially decreased the proportion of IFN-γ+ T cells. Likewise, uIL-2 also did not protect the dysfunction of regulatory B (Breg) cells. Strikingly, when administered in combination with an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-35, uIL-2 abrogated IL-35's protective effect. Low dose IL-2, on the other hand, protected half of the STZ mice from developing hyperglycemia. No difference was found in the Treg and Breg response, and it only tended to decrease CD80 expression in macrophages and dendritic cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, further decreasing IL-2 dosage may not be a suitable approach for T1D therapy, and the limited success suggests that an alternative low dose IL-2 therapy strategy or other immunotherapies should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkang Luo
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Nour Hamze
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Berggren
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Saloni Chopra
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bilal Safi
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Blixt
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stellan Sandler
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kailash Singh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tong KK, Yu YF, Yang XY, Wu JY, Yu R, Tan CC. Does type 1 diabetes serve as a protective factor against inflammatory bowel disease: A Mendelian randomization study. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1551-1561. [PMID: 39099830 PMCID: PMC11292335 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. AIM To analyze the causal relationship between T1D and IBD using Mendelian ran-domization (MR). METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms were sourced from FinnGen for T1D, IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median tests were used to assess exposure-outcome causality. The MR-Egger intercept was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Co-chran's Q and leave-one-out method were used to analyze heterogeneity and sensitivity, respectively. RESULTS Our MR analysis indicated that T1D was associated with a reduced risk of IBD [odds ratio (OR): 0.959; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.938-0.980; P < 0.001] and UC (OR: 0.960; 95%CI: 0.929-0.992; P = 0.015), with no significant association observed in terms of CD risk (OR: 0.966; 95%CI: 0.913-1.022; P = 0.227). The MR-Egger intercept showed no horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05). Cochran's Q and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses showed that the results were not heterogeneous (P > 0.05) and were robust. CONCLUSION This MR analysis suggests that T1D serves as a potential protective factor against IBD and UC but is independent of CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Ke Tong
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yun-Feng Yu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing-Yi Wu
- The Third Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rong Yu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chuan-Chuan Tan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma XL, Ge D, Hu XJ. Evaluation of teplizumab's efficacy and safety in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1615-1626. [PMID: 39099823 PMCID: PMC11292331 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islets of Langerhans beta cells diminish in autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Teplizumab, a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, may help T1DM. Its long-term implications on clinical T1DM development, safety, and efficacy are unknown. AIM To assess the effectiveness and safety of teplizumab as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with T1DM. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to select publications published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) were calculated, along with their 95%CI. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I 2 statistics and the appropriate P value. RESULTS There were 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the current meta-analysis with a total of 1908 T1DM patients from diverse age cohorts, with 1361 patients receiving Teplizumab and 547 patients receiving a placebo. Teplizumab was found to have a substantial link with a decrease in insulin consumption, with an OR of 4.13 (95%CI: 1.72 to 9.90). Teplizumab is associated with an improved C-peptide response (OR 2.49; 95%CI: 1.62 to 3.81) and a significant change in Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in people with type 1 diabetes [OR 1.75 (95%CI: 1.03 to 2.98)], and it has a RR of 0.71 (95%CI: 0.53 to 0.95). CONCLUSION In type 1 diabetics, teplizumab decreased insulin consumption, improved C-peptide response, and significantly changed HbA1c levels with negligible side effects. Teplizumab appears to improve glycaemic control and diabetes management with good safety and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Dan Ge
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xue-Jian Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Srivastava N, Hu H, Peterson OJ, Vomund AN, Stremska M, Zaman M, Giri S, Li T, Lichti CF, Zakharov PN, Zhang B, Abumrad NA, Chen YG, Ravichandran KS, Unanue ER, Wan X. CXCL16-dependent scavenging of oxidized lipids by islet macrophages promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8 + T cells in diabetic autoimmunity. Immunity 2024; 57:1629-1647.e8. [PMID: 38754432 PMCID: PMC11236520 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The pancreatic islet microenvironment is highly oxidative, rendering β cells vulnerable to autoinflammatory insults. Here, we examined the role of islet resident macrophages in the autoimmune attack that initiates type 1 diabetes. Islet macrophages highly expressed CXCL16, a chemokine and scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs), regardless of autoimmune predisposition. Deletion of Cxcl16 in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice suppressed the development of autoimmune diabetes. Mechanistically, Cxcl16 deficiency impaired clearance of OxLDL by islet macrophages, leading to OxLDL accumulation in pancreatic islets and a substantial reduction in intra-islet transitory (Texint) CD8+ T cells displaying proliferative and effector signatures. Texint cells were vulnerable to oxidative stress and diminished by ferroptosis; PD-1 blockade rescued this population and reversed diabetes resistance in NOD.Cxcl16-/- mice. Thus, OxLDL scavenging in pancreatic islets inadvertently promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells, presenting a paradigm wherein tissue homeostasis processes can facilitate autoimmune pathogenesis in predisposed individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Orion J Peterson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anthony N Vomund
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marta Stremska
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Zaman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shilpi Giri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiandao Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pavel N Zakharov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; VIB/UGent Inflammation Research Centre and Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emil R Unanue
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Wan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dimba NR, Mzimela N, Khathi A. Improved Gut Health May Be a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Managing Prediabetes: A Literature Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1275. [PMID: 38927482 PMCID: PMC11201806 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the growing global threat and rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), addressing this metabolic disease is imperative. T2DM is preceded by prediabetes (PD), an intermediate hyperglycaemia that goes unnoticed for years in patients. Several studies have shown that gut microbial diversity and glucose homeostasis in PD or T2DM patients are affected. Therefore, this review aims to synthesize the existing literature to elucidate the association between high-calorie diets, intestinal permeability and their correlation with PD or T2DM. Moreover, it discusses the beneficial effects of different dietary interventions on improving gut health and glucose metabolism. The primary factor contributing to complications seen in PD or T2DM patients is the chronic consumption of high-calorie diets, which alters the gut microbial composition and increases the translocation of toxic substances from the intestinal lumen into the bloodstream. This causes an increase in inflammatory response that further impairs glucose regulation. Several dietary approaches or interventions have been implemented. However, only a few are currently in use and have shown promising results in improving beneficial microbiomes and glucose metabolism. Therefore, additional well-designed studies are still necessary to thoroughly investigate whether improving gut health using other types of dietary interventions can potentially manage or reverse PD, thereby preventing the onset of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4000, South Africa; (N.R.D.); (N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yabuki S, Hirai H, Moriya C, Kusano Y, Hasegawa T. Case report: Strong GAD antibody positivity and type 1 diabetes-HLA-susceptible haplotype-DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01 in a Japanese patient with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1407192. [PMID: 38841300 PMCID: PMC11150800 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1407192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in cancer treatment; however, they can lead to immune-related adverse events, including immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (ICI-T1DM). While fulminant T1DM is common in East Asia, ICI-T1DM has predominantly been reported in Western countries. In this report, we present the case of a 66-year-old Japanese man with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing dialysis for diabetic nephropathy. The patient was diagnosed with left upper lobe lung cancer, and treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab was initiated. After 48 days, the patient experienced impaired consciousness and difficulty moving. His blood glucose levels were 815 mg/dL, and metabolic acidosis was detected, leading to a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient was subsequently treated with continuous intravenous insulin. However, his C-peptide levels rapidly depleted, and new-onset ICI-T1DM was diagnosed. Although most Japanese patients with ICI-T1DM test negative for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies, this case exhibited a strong positivity. Thus, we reviewed the literature on 15 similar Japanese cases, revealing a mean HbA1c level at onset of 8.7% and a mean time from ICI administration to onset of 9.7 weeks, which was shorter than that in GAD-negative cases. Moreover, human leukocyte antigen typing revealed five cases of DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01, including the present case, and one case of DRB1*09:01-DQB1*03:03, both of which were susceptible to T1DM haplotypes. These findings suggest that GAD antibody positivity may be associated with acute onset and disease progression in some cases of Japanese patients with ICI-T1DM. Given that the prediction of new-onset ICI-T1DM is challenging, monitoring GAD antibody levels might be useful. However, further studies with large sample sizes and validation across different racial and ethnic populations are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Yabuki
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Shirakawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hirai
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Shirakawa, Japan
| | - Chihiro Moriya
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Shirakawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kusano
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Shirakawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Hasegawa
- Department of Chest Surgery, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Shirakawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lv D, Wang H, Leng Y, Chen S, Sun H, Meng X, Liu T, Xiong Z. Association between diabetes mellitus and primary biliary cholangitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1362584. [PMID: 38774228 PMCID: PMC11106416 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1362584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have demonstrated a link between diabetes mellitus(DM) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Nevertheless, since these relationships might be confused, whether there is any causal connection or in which direction it exists is unclear. Our investigation aimed to identify the causal associations between DM and PBC. Methods We acquired genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for PBC, Type 1 diabetes(T1DM), and Type 2 diabetes(T2DM) from published GWASs. Inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), Simple mode, and weighted mode methods were used to determine the causal relationships between DM(T1DM or T2DM) and PBC. Sensitivity analyses were also carried out to ensure the results were robust. To determine the causal relationship between PBC and DM(T1DM or T2DM), we also used reverse MR analysis. Results T1DM was associated with a higher risk of PBC (OR 1.1525; 95% CI 1.0612-1.2517; p = 0.0007) in the IVW method, but no evidence of a causal effect T2DM on PBC was found (OR 0.9905; 95% CI 0.8446-1.1616; p = 0.9071) in IVW. Results of the reverse MR analysis suggested genetic susceptibility that PBC was associated with an increased risk of T1DM (IVW: OR 1.1991; 95% CI 1.12-1.2838; p = 1.81E-07), but no evidence of a causal effect PBC on T2DM was found (IVW: OR 1.0101; 95% CI 0.9892-1.0315; p = 0.3420). Conclusion The current study indicated that T1DM increased the risk of developing PBC and vice versa. There was no proof of a causal connection between PBC probability and T2DM. Our results require confirmation through additional replication in larger populations.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/epidemiology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/complications
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Risk Factors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Department of Hepatology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Leng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Department of Hepatology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- College of Integrative Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyue Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Department of Hepatology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuang Xiong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Department of Hepatology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Taibi M, Elbouzidi A, Haddou M, Baraich A, Loukili EH, Moubchir T, Allali A, Amine khoulati, Bellaouchi R, Asehraou A, Addi M, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M, Siddique F, El Guerrouj B, Chaabane K. Phytochemical characterization and multifaceted bioactivity assessment of essential oil from Ptychotis verticillata Duby: Anti-diabetic, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory activity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29459. [PMID: 38699706 PMCID: PMC11063393 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the pharmacological properties of the essential oil derived from Ptychotis verticillata Duby (PVEO), a medicinal plant native to Morocco, focusing on its antidiabetic, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, the study aims to characterize the phytochemical composition of PVEO and evaluate its potential as a natural therapeutic alternative for various health conditions. To achieve this, phytochemical analysis was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, in vitro assessments were conducted to investigate PVEO's antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase, xanthine oxidase, and α-glucosidase. Tests were also undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of PVEO on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as its efficacy as an anti-tyrosinase agent and its lipoxygenase inhibition activity. The results of the phytochemical analysis revealed that PVEO is rich in terpene compounds, with percentages of 40.35 % γ-terpinene, 22.40 % carvacrol, and 19.77 % β-cymene. Moreover, in vitro evaluations demonstrated that PVEO exhibits significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase, xanthine oxidase, and α-glucosidase, indicating promising antidiabetic, and anti-gout potential. Furthermore, PVEO showed significant anti-tyrosinase activity, with an IC50 of 27.39 ± 0.44 μg/mL, and remarkable lipoxygenase inhibition (87.33 ± 2.6 %), suggesting its candidacy for dermatoprotection. Additionally, PVEO displayed a dose-dependent capacity to attenuate the production of NO and PGE2, two inflammatory mediators implicated in various pathologies, without compromising cellular viability. The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for future research on natural therapies and the development of new drugs, highlighting the therapeutic potential of PVEO in the treatment of gout, diabetes, pigmentation disorders, and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fes, Morocco
| | - Mounir Haddou
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Baraich
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | | | - Tarik Moubchir
- Polyvalent Team in Research and Development, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal (FPBM), University Sultan Moulay Slimane (USMS), Beni Mellal, 23000, Morocco
| | - Aimad Allali
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Annex Taza, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine khoulati
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11 P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Farhan Siddique
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Bouchra El Guerrouj
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Chaabane
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qu YD, Zhu ZH, Li JX, Zhang W, Chen Q, Xia CL, Ma JN, Ou SJ, Yang Y, Qi Y, Xu CP. Diabetes and osteoporosis: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:317. [PMID: 38654244 PMCID: PMC11036742 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects on bone mineral density (BMD)/fracture between type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between the two types of diabetes and BMD/fracture using a Mendelian randomization (MR) design. METHODS A two-sample MR study was conducted to examine the causal relationship between diabetes and BMD/fracture, with three phenotypes (T1D, T2D, and glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) of diabetes as exposures and five phenotypes (femoral neck BMD [FN-BMD], lumbar spine BMD [LS-BMD], heel-BMD, total body BMD [TB-BMD], and fracture) as outcomes, combining MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) sensitivity assessments. Additionally, horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated and corrected using the residual sum and outlier approaches. RESULTS The IVW method showed that genetically predicted T1D was negatively associated with TB-BMD (β = -0.018, 95% CI: -0.030, -0.006), while T2D was positively associated with FN-BMD (β = 0.033, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.062), heel-BMD (β = 0.018, 95% CI: 0.006, 0.031), and TB-BMD (β = 0.050, 95% CI: 0.022, 0.079). Further, HbA1c was not associated with the five outcomes (β ranged from - 0.012 to 0.075). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that T1D and T2D have different effects on BMD at the genetic level. BMD decreased in patients with T1D and increased in those with T2D. These findings highlight the complex interplay between diabetes and bone health, suggesting potential age-specific effects and genetic influences. To better understand the mechanisms of bone metabolism in patients with diabetes, further longitudinal studies are required to explain BMD changes in different types of diabetes.
Collapse
Grants
- 202201020303, 202102080052, 202102010057, 201804010226 Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou
- 202201020303, 202102080052, 202102010057, 201804010226 Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou
- 3D-A2020004, 3D-A2020002, YQ2019-009, C2020019 Foundation of Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- 3D-A2020004, 3D-A2020002, YQ2019-009, C2020019 Foundation of Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- 81972083 National Natural Science Foundation of China
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dun Qu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Hua Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Xuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Liang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Nan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuan-Ji Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Do JS, Arribas-Layton D, Juan J, Garcia I, Saraswathy S, Qi M, Montero E, Reijonen H. The CD318/CD6 axis limits type 1 diabetes islet autoantigen-specific human T cell activation. J Autoimmun 2024; 146:103228. [PMID: 38642507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
CD6 is a glycoprotein expressed on CD4 and CD8 T cells involved in immunoregulation. CD318 has been identified as a CD6 ligand. The role of CD318 in T cell immunity is restricted as it has only been investigated in a few mice autoimmune models but not in human diseases. CD318 expression was thought to be limited to mesenchymal-epithelial cells and, therefore, contribute to CD6-mediated T cell activation in the CD318-expressing tissue rather than through interaction with antigen-presenting cells. Here, we report CD318 expression in a subpopulation of CD318+ myeloid dendritic (mDC), whereas the other peripheral blood populations were CD318 negative. However, CD318 can be induced by activation: a subset of monocytes treated with LPS and IFNγ and in vitro monocyte derived DCs were CD318+. We also showed that recombinant CD318 inhibited T cell function. Strikingly, CD318+ DCs suppressed the proliferation of autoreactive T cells specific for GAD65, a well-known targeted self-antigen in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Our study provides new insight into the role of the CD318/CD6 axis in the immunopathogenesis of inflammation, suggesting a novel immunoregulatory role of CD318 in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases and identifying a potential novel immune checkpoint inhibitor as a target for intervention in T1D which is an unmet therapeutic need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Su Do
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.
| | - David Arribas-Layton
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jemily Juan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Isaac Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Sindhu Saraswathy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Meirigeng Qi
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Enrique Montero
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Helena Reijonen
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Canada; Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nhau PT, Gamede M, Sibiya N. COVID-19-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: Comprehensive Cellular and Molecular Mechanistic Insights. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:197-209. [PMID: 38651404 PMCID: PMC11036300 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite evidence demonstrating the risks of developing diabetes mellitus because of SARS-CoV-2, there is, however, insufficient scientific data available to elucidate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. Research indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent damage to organ systems due to the systemic inflammatory response. Since COVID-19 is known to induce these conditions, further investigation is necessary to fully understand its long-term effects on human health. Consequently, it is essential to consider the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic when predicting the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the future, especially since the incidence of diabetes mellitus was already on the rise before the pandemic. Additional research is required to fully comprehend the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, this article delves deeper into the current literature and links the perceived relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes. In addition, the article highlights the necessity for further research to fully grasp the mechanisms that SARS-CoV-2 utilises to induce new-onset diabetes. Where understanding and consensus are reached, therapeutic interventions to prevent the onset of diabetes could be proposed. Lastly, we propose advocating for the regular screening of diabetes and pre-diabetes, particularly for the high-risk population with a history of COVID-19 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praise Tatenda Nhau
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6139, South Africa;
| | - Mlindeli Gamede
- Human Physiology Department, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| | - Ntethelelo Sibiya
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6139, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hawks ZW, Beck ED, Jung L, Fonseca LM, Sliwinski MJ, Weinstock RS, Grinspoon E, Xu I, Strong RW, Singh S, Van Dongen HPA, Frumkin MR, Bulger J, Cleveland MJ, Janess K, Kudva YC, Pratley R, Rickels MR, Rizvi SR, Chaytor NS, Germine LT. Dynamic associations between glucose and ecological momentary cognition in Type 1 Diabetes. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:59. [PMID: 38499605 PMCID: PMC10948782 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition characterized by glucose fluctuations. Laboratory studies suggest that cognition is reduced when glucose is very low (hypoglycemia) and very high (hyperglycemia). Until recently, technological limitations prevented researchers from understanding how naturally-occurring glucose fluctuations impact cognitive fluctuations. This study leveraged advances in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and cognitive ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to characterize dynamic, within-person associations between glucose and cognition in naturalistic environments. Using CGM and EMA, we obtained intensive longitudinal measurements of glucose and cognition (processing speed, sustained attention) in 200 adults with T1D. First, we used hierarchical Bayesian modeling to estimate dynamic, within-person associations between glucose and cognition. Consistent with laboratory studies, we hypothesized that cognitive performance would be reduced at low and high glucose, reflecting cognitive vulnerability to glucose fluctuations. Second, we used data-driven lasso regression to identify clinical characteristics that predicted individual differences in cognitive vulnerability to glucose fluctuations. Large glucose fluctuations were associated with slower and less accurate processing speed, although slight glucose elevations (relative to person-level means) were associated with faster processing speed. Glucose fluctuations were not related to sustained attention. Seven clinical characteristics predicted individual differences in cognitive vulnerability to glucose fluctuations: age, time in hypoglycemia, lifetime severe hypoglycemic events, microvascular complications, glucose variability, fatigue, and neck circumference. Results establish the impact of glucose on processing speed in naturalistic environments, suggest that minimizing glucose fluctuations is important for optimizing processing speed, and identify several clinical characteristics that may exacerbate cognitive vulnerability to glucose fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z W Hawks
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - E D Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - L Jung
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - L M Fonseca
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Programa Terceira Idade (PROTER, Old Age Research Group), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | | | - E Grinspoon
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - I Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - R W Strong
- The Many Brains Project, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - S Singh
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H P A Van Dongen
- Sleep and Performance Research Center & Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - M R Frumkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Bulger
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - M J Cleveland
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - K Janess
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Y C Kudva
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R Pratley
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - M R Rickels
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S R Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - N S Chaytor
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - L T Germine
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Guimarães JB, Rodrigues VF, Pereira ÍS, Manso GMDC, Elias-Oliveira J, Leite JA, Waldetario MCGM, de Oliveira S, Gomes ABDSP, Faria AMC, Ramos SG, Bonato VLD, Silva JS, Vinolo MAR, Sampaio UM, Clerici MTPS, Carlos D. Inulin prebiotic ameliorates type 1 diabetes dictating regulatory T cell homing via CCR4 to pancreatic islets and butyrogenic gut microbiota in murine model. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:483-496. [PMID: 37947010 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Inulin (INU), a prebiotic, modulates the gut microbiota, promoting beneficial bacteria that produce essential short-chain fatty acids for immune regulation. However, how INU affects T1D remains uncertain. Using a streptozotocin-induced (STZ) mouse model, we studied INU's protective effects. Remarkably, STZ + INU mice resisted T1D, with none developing the disease. They had lower blood glucose, reduced pancreatic inflammation, and normalized serum insulin compared with STZ + SD mice. STZ + INU mice also had enhanced mucus production, abundant Bifidobacterium, Clostridium cluster IV, Akkermansia muciniphila, and increased fecal butyrate. In cecal lymph nodes, we observed fewer CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells expressing CCR4 and more Foxp3+CCR4+ cells in pancreatic islets, with higher CCL17 expression. This phenotype was absent in CCR4-deficient mice on INU. INU supplementation effectively protects against experimental T1D by recruiting CCR4+ regulatory T cells via CCL17 into the pancreas and altering the butyrate-producing microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhefferson Barbosa Guimarães
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fernandes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Sousa Pereira
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Martins da Costa Manso
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Elias-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Antônio Leite
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arilson Bernardo Dos Santos Pereira Gomes
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais,31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Gusmão Ramos
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Vânia L D Bonato
- Laboratory of Immunology and Pulmonary Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - João Santana Silva
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ulliana Marques Sampaio
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva Clerici
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela Carlos
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mittal R, McKenna K, Keith G, Lemos JRN, Mittal J, Hirani K. A systematic review of the association of Type I diabetes with sensorineural hearing loss. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298457. [PMID: 38335215 PMCID: PMC10857576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been associated with several comorbidities such as ocular, renal, and cardiovascular complications. However, the effect of T1D on the auditory system and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is still not clear. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate whether T1D is associated with hearing impairment. METHODS The databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Three reviewers independently screened, selected, and extracted data. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools for Analytical cross-sectional and case-control studies were used to perform quality assessment and risk of bias analysis on eligible studies. RESULTS After screening a total of 463 studies, 11 eligible original articles were included in the review to analyze the effects of T1D on the auditory system. The included studies comprised cross-sectional and case-control investigations. A total of 5,792 patients were evaluated across the 11 articles included. The majority of the studies showed that T1D was associated with hearing impairment compared to controls, including differences in PTAs and OAEs, increased mean hearing thresholds, altered acoustic reflex thresholds, and problems with the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex inhibitory effect. Significant risk factors included older age, increased disease duration, and higher HbA1C levels. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that there is a correlation between T1D and impairment on the auditory system. A multidisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists, otolaryngologists, and audiologists will lead to early detection of hearing impairment in people with T1D resulting in early intervention and better clinical outcomes in pursuit of improving the quality of life of affected individuals. REGISTRATION This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023438576).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mittal
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Keelin McKenna
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Grant Keith
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joana R. N. Lemos
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Khemraj Hirani
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Li W, Chen Y, Wang X. Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies in treatment of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2024; 83:322-329. [PMID: 37658243 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for type 1 diabetes. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane until 23 February 2023 for randomized controlled trials that compared anti-CD3 mAbs with placebo in type 1 diabetes. The primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) of C-peptide, daily insulin dose or HbA1c. RESULTS Totally 12 trials that included 1870 participants were eligible for inclusion in the review. Compared with the control group, anti-CD3 mAbs increased AUC of C-peptide at 1 year (P = 0.0005, MD 0.14, 95% CI [0.06, 0.22], I2 = 94%), and 2 years (P = 0.0003, MD 0.20, 95% CI [0.09, 0.30], I2 = 88%). The use of anti-CD3 mAbs decreased insulin use at 1 year (P = 0.001, MD -0.09, 95% CI [-0.15, -0.04], I2 = 90%), and 2 years (P < 0.00001, MD -0.18, 95% CI [-0.25, -0.12], I2 = 86%). But there was no statistically significant effect on HbA1c levels. Vomiting, nausea, rash, pyrexia and headache were reported more frequently with anti-CD3 mAbs than with placebo. However, incidence of total adverse events and serious adverse events was similar when comparing anti-CD3 mAbs with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that anti-CD3 mAbs were a potential therapy for improving AUC of C-peptide and insulin use in type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixia Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Root-Bernstein R. T-Cell Receptor Sequences Identify Combined Coxsackievirus- Streptococci Infections as Triggers for Autoimmune Myocarditis and Coxsackievirus- Clostridia Infections for Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1797. [PMID: 38339075 PMCID: PMC10855694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences expanded during human immunodeficiency virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections unexpectedly mimic these viruses. The hypothesis tested here is that TCR sequences expanded in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune myocarditis (AM) mimic the infectious triggers of these diseases. Indeed, TCR sequences mimicking coxsackieviruses, which are implicated as triggers of both diseases, are statistically significantly increased in both T1DM and AM patients. However, TCRs mimicking Clostridia antigens are significantly expanded in T1DM, whereas TCRs mimicking Streptococcal antigens are expanded in AM. Notably, Clostridia antigens mimic T1DM autoantigens, such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase, whereas Streptococcal antigens mimic cardiac autoantigens, such as myosin and laminins. Thus, T1DM may be triggered by combined infections of coxsackieviruses with Clostridia bacteria, while AM may be triggered by coxsackieviruses with Streptococci. These TCR results are consistent with both epidemiological and clinical data and recent experimental studies of cross-reactivities of coxsackievirus, Clostridial, and Streptococcal antibodies with T1DM and AM antigens. These data provide the basis for developing novel animal models of AM and T1DM and may provide a generalizable method for revealing the etiologies of other autoimmune diseases. Theories to explain these results are explored.
Collapse
|
21
|
Shu J, Wang K, Liu Y, Zhang J, Ding X, Sun H, Wu J, Huang B, Qiu J, Sheng H, Lu L. Trichosanthin alleviates streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in mice by regulating the balance between bone marrow-derived IL6 + and IL10 + MDSCs. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22907. [PMID: 38187307 PMCID: PMC10770427 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) occupy a pivotal role in the intricate pathogenesis of the autoimmune disorder, Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Since our previous work demonstrated that trichosanthin (TCS), an active compound of Chinese herb medicine Tian Hua Fen, regulated immune response, we aimed to clarify the efficacy and molecular mechanism of TCS in the treatment of T1DM. To this end, T1DM mouse model was established by streptozotocin (STZ) induction. The mice were randomly divided into normal control group (Ctl), T1DM group (STZ), TCS treated diabetic group (STZ + TCS) and insulin-treated diabetic group (STZ + insulin). Our comprehensive evaluation encompassed variables such as blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, body weight, pertinent biochemical markers, pancreatic histopathology, and the distribution of immune cell populations. Furthermore, we meticulously isolated MDSCs from the bone marrow of T1DM mice, probing into the expressions of genes pertaining to the advanced glycation end product receptor (RAGE)/NF-κB signaling pathway through RT-qPCR. Evidently, TCS exhibited a substantial capacity to effectively counteract the T1DM-induced elevation in random blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and IL-6 levels in plasma. Pathological scrutiny underscored the ability of TCS to mitigate the damage incurred by islets. Intriguingly, TCS interventions engendered a reduction in the proportion of MDSCs within the bone marrow, particularly within the IL-6+ MDSC subset. In contrast, IL-10+ MDSCs exhibited an elevation following TCS treatment. Moreover, we observed a significant down-regulation of relative mRNA of pro-inflammatory genes, including arginase 1 (Arg1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), RAGE and NF-κB, within MDSCs due to the influence of TCS. It decreases total MDSCs and regulates the balance between IL-6+ and IL-10+ MDSCs thus alleviating the symptoms of T1DM. TCS also down-regulates the RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway, making it a promising alternative therapeutic treatment for T1DM. Collectively, our study offered novel insights into the underlying mechanism by which TCS serves as a promising therapeutic intervention for T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| | - Kefan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| | - Xuping Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| | - Hanxiao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jiaoxiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Biao Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huiming Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Chong Qing South Road, 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lazar S, Ionita I, Reurean-Pintilei D, Timar R, Luca SA, Timar B. To What Extent Is Hb A1c Associated with Glycemic Variability in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes? A Retrospective, Noninterventional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:450. [PMID: 38256584 PMCID: PMC10816236 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycemic variability (GV) is a novel parameter used in evaluating the quality of diabetes management. Current guidelines recommend the use of GV indexes alongside the traditional parameter to evaluate glycemic control: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). This study aims to evaluate the extent to which HbA1c explains the GV phenomena in patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). METHODS In 147 patients with T1DM, associations between HbA1c and several GV indexes were analyzed. RESULTS Patients with an HbA1c < 7% had a lower median standard deviation of glycemia (60 vs. 48; p < 0.001), a lower coefficient of variation (34.1 vs. 38.0; p < 0.001), and a significantly increased median time in range (78 vs. 58; p < 0.001). HbA1c was positively correlated with the coefficient of variation (r = 0.349; p < 0.001) and the standard deviation (r = 0.656; p < 0.001) but reversely correlated with a lower time in range (r = -0.637; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HbA1c only partially explains the GV phenomena in patients with T1DM. The HbA1c value is associated more strongly with the time in range and standard deviation than with the coefficient of variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lazar
- First Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Hematology, Emergency Municipal Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.-P.); (R.T.); (S.A.L.); (B.T.)
| | - Ioana Ionita
- First Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Hematology, Emergency Municipal Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Research Center for Malignant Hematological Diseases (CCMHM), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Reurean-Pintilei
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.-P.); (R.T.); (S.A.L.); (B.T.)
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Consultmed Medical Centre, 700544 Iasi, Romania
| | - Romulus Timar
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.-P.); (R.T.); (S.A.L.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Silvia Ana Luca
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.-P.); (R.T.); (S.A.L.); (B.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Timar
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.-P.); (R.T.); (S.A.L.); (B.T.)
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bender RHF, O’Donnell BT, Shergill B, Pham BQ, Tahmouresie S, Sanchez CN, Juat DJ, Hatch MMS, Shirure VS, Wortham M, Nguyen-Ngoc KV, Jun Y, Gaetani R, Christman KL, Teyton L, George SC, Sander M, Hughes CCW. A vascularized 3D model of the human pancreatic islet for ex vivostudy of immune cell-islet interaction. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025001. [PMID: 38128127 PMCID: PMC10782895 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad17d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Insulin is an essential regulator of blood glucose homeostasis that is produced exclusively byβcells within the pancreatic islets of healthy individuals. In those affected by diabetes, immune inflammation, damage, and destruction of isletβcells leads to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. Current efforts to understand the mechanisms underlyingβcell damage in diabetes rely onin vitro-cultured cadaveric islets. However, isolation of these islets involves removal of crucial matrix and vasculature that supports islets in the intact pancreas. Unsurprisingly, these islets demonstrate reduced functionality over time in standard culture conditions, thereby limiting their value for understanding native islet biology. Leveraging a novel, vascularized micro-organ (VMO) approach, we have recapitulated elements of the native pancreas by incorporating isolated human islets within a three-dimensional matrix nourished by living, perfusable blood vessels. Importantly, these islets show long-term viability and maintain robust glucose-stimulated insulin responses. Furthermore, vessel-mediated delivery of immune cells to these tissues provides a model to assess islet-immune cell interactions and subsequent islet killing-key steps in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. Together, these results establish the islet-VMO as a novel,ex vivoplatform for studying human islet biology in both health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Hugh F Bender
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Benjamen T O’Donnell
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Bhupinder Shergill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Brittany Q Pham
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Sima Tahmouresie
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Celeste N Sanchez
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Damie J Juat
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Michaela M S Hatch
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Venktesh S Shirure
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Wortham
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Kim-Vy Nguyen-Ngoc
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Yesl Jun
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Luc Teyton
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven C George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Maike Sander
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ye ZT, Tseng SF, Tsou SX, Tsai CW. High-sensitivity flip chip blue Mini-LEDs miniaturized optical instrument for non-invasive glucose detection. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:6. [PMID: 38175421 PMCID: PMC10766880 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The colorimetric detection of glucose typically involves a peroxidase reaction producing a color, which is then recorded and analyzed. However, enzyme detection has difficulties with purification and storage. In addition, replacing enzyme detection with chemical methods involves time-consuming steps such as centrifugation and purification and the optical instruments used for colorimetric detection are often bulky and not portable. In this study, ammonium metavanadate and sulfuric acid were used to prepare the detection solution instead of peroxidase to produce color. We also analyzed the effect of different concentrations of detection solution on absorbance sensitivity. Finally, a flip chip blue Mini-LEDs miniaturized optical instrument (FC blue Mini-LEDs MOI) was designed for glucose detection using optics fiber, collimating lenses, a miniaturized spectrometer, and an FC Blue Mini-LEDs with a center wavelength of 459 nm. While detecting glucose solutions in the concentration range of 0.1-10 mM by the developed MOI, the regression equation of y = 0.0941x + 0.1341, R2 of 0.9744, the limit of detection was 2.15 mM, and the limit of quantification was 7.163 mM. Furthermore, the preparation of the detection solution only takes 10 min, and the absorbance sensitivity of the optimized detection solution could be increased by 2.3 times. The detection solution remained stable with only a 0.6% decrease in absorbance compared to the original after storing it in a refrigerated environment at 3 °C for 14 days. The method proposed in this study for detecting glucose using FC blue light Mini-LEDs MOI reduces the use of peroxidase. In addition, it has a wide detection range that includes blood as well as non-invasive saliva and tear fluids, providing patients with a miniaturized, highly sensitive, and quantifiable glucose detection system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ting Ye
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shen Fu Tseng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shang Xuan Tsou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, 62102, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun Wei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 106319, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lesch KJ, Hyrylä VV, Eronen T, Kupari S, Stenroth L, Venojärvi M, Tarvainen MP, Tikkanen HO. Young type 1 diabetes subjects sway more than healthy persons when somatosensory system is challenged in static standing postural stability tests. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2024; 44:56-62. [PMID: 37455246 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes, it is important to prevent diabetes-related complications and postural instability may be one clinically observable manifestation early on. This study was set to investigate differences between type 1 diabetics and healthy controls in variables of instrumented posturography assessment to inform about the potential of the assessment in early detection of diabetes-related complications. Eighteen type 1 diabetics with no apparent complications (HbA1c = 58 ± 9 mmol/L, diabetes duration = 15 ± 7 years) and 35 healthy controls underwent six 1-min two feet standing postural stability tests on a force plate. Study groups were comparable in age and anthropometric and performed the test with eyes open, eyes closed (EC), and EC head up with and without unstable padding. Type 1 diabetics exhibited greater sway (path length, p = 0.044 and standard deviation of velocity, p = 0.039) during the EC test with the unstable pad. Also, power spectral density indicated greater relative power (p = 0.043) in the high-frequency band in the test with EC head up on the unstable pad and somatosensory activity increased more (p = 0.038) when the unstable pad was added to the EC test. Type 1 diabetes may induce subtle changes in postural control requiring more active balancing when stability is challenged. Postural assessment using a portable easy-to-use force plate shows promise in detecting a diabetes-related decline in postural control that may be used as a sensitive biomarker of early-phase diabetes-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim J Lesch
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa V Hyrylä
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Eronen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Saana Kupari
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lauri Stenroth
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika P Tarvainen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki O Tikkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Singh P, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Alam A. Topical Anti-ulcerogenic Effect of the Beta-adrenergic Blockers on Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Recent Advances and Future Prospectives. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:23-37. [PMID: 37867269 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998249061231009093006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes suffer from major complications like Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Coronary Artery Disease, and Diabetic Foot ulcers (DFUs). Diabetes complications are a group of ailments whose recovery time is especially delayed, irrespective of the underlying reason. The longer duration of wound healing enhances the probability of problems like sepsis and amputation. The delayed healing makes it more critical for research focus. By understanding the molecular pathogenesis of diabetic wounds, it is quite easy to target the molecules involved in the healing of wounds. Recent research on beta-adrenergic blocking drugs has revealed that these classes of drugs possess therapeutic potential in the healing of DFUs. However, because the order of events in defective healing is adequately defined, it is possible to recognize moieties that are currently in the market that are recognized to aim at one or several identified molecular processes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore some molecules with different therapeutic categories that have demonstrated favorable effects in improving diabetic wound healing, also called the repurposing of drugs. METHOD Various databases like PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Web of Science (WoS) of all English language articles were searched, and relevant information was collected regarding the role of beta-adrenergic blockers in diabetic wounds or diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using the relevant keywords for the literature review. RESULT The potential beta-blocking agents and their mechanism of action in diabetic foot ulcers were studied, and it was found that these drugs have a profound effect on diabetic foot ulcer healing as per reported literatures. CONCLUSION There is a need to move forward from preclinical studies to clinical studies to analyze clinical findings to determine the effectiveness and safety of some beta-antagonists in diabetic foot ulcer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li L, Hua S, You L, Zhong T. Secretome Derived from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: A Promising Strategy for Diabetes and its Complications. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1328-1350. [PMID: 37711134 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x19666230913154544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease with a high global prevalence. The health and quality of life of patients with diabetes are threatened by many complications, including diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic kidney diseases, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The application of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in cell therapies has been recognized as a potential treatment for diabetes and its complications. MSCs were originally thought to exert biological effects exclusively by differentiating and replacing specific impaired cells. However, the paracrine function of factors secreted by MSCs may exert additional protective effects. MSCs secrete multiple compounds, including proteins, such as growth factors, chemokines, and other cytokines; nucleic acids, such as miRNAs; and lipids, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and exosomes (Exos). Collectively, these secreted compounds are called the MSC secretome, and usage of these chemicals in cell-free therapies may provide stronger effects with greater safety and convenience. Recent studies have demonstrated positive effects of the MSC secretome, including improved insulin sensitivity, reduced inflammation, decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress, enhanced M2 polarization of macrophages, and increased angiogenesis and autophagy; however, the mechanisms leading to these effects are not fully understood. This review summarizes the current research regarding the secretome derived from MSCs, including efforts to quantify effectiveness and uncover potential molecular mechanisms in the treatment of diabetes and related disorders. In addition, limitations and challenges are also discussed so as to facilitate applications of the MSC secretome as a cell-free therapy for diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Siyu Hua
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Lianghui You
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Tianying Zhong
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang X, Ma Z, Tan X, Shi Y, Yuan M, Chen G, Luo X, Hou L. Adoptive transfer of immature dendritic cells with high HO-1 expression delays the onset of T1DM in NOD mice. Life Sci 2023; 335:122273. [PMID: 37972884 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the potential of imDCs with high expression of HO-1 in preventing or delaying the onset of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phenotypic features of DCs in each group were assessed using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to confirm the high expression of HO-1 in imDCs induced with CoPP. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to evaluate the suppressive capacity of CoPP-induced imDCs on splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Finally, the preventive effect of CoPP-induced imDCs was tested in NOD mice. KEY FINDINGS Compared to imDCs, CoPP-induced imDCs exhibited a reduced mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the co-stimulatory molecule CD80 on their surface (P < 0.05) and significantly increased HO-1 protein expression (P < 0.05). Following LPS stimulation, the MFI of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on the surface of CoPP-induced imDCs remained at a lower level (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a reduced proliferation rate of lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3/28 antibodies. The adoptive transfer of CoPP-imDCs significantly reduced the incidence of T1DM (16.66 % vs. control group: 66.67 %, P = 0.004). Furthermore, at 15 weeks of age, the insulitis score was also decreased in the CoPP-induced imDC treatment group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in serum insulin levels among all groups. SIGNIFICANCE ImDCs induced with CoPP and exhibiting high expression of HO-1 demonstrate a robust ability to inhibit immune responses and effectively reduce the onset of diabetes in NOD mice. This finding suggests that CoPP-induced imDCs could potentially serve as a promising treatment strategy for T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosheng Tan
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Yuan
- Department of Nail and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lord SM, Bahnson HT, Greenbaum CJ, Liljenquist DR, Virostko J, Speake C. Testing a new platform to screen disease-modifying therapy in type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293268. [PMID: 38096190 PMCID: PMC10721089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of new therapies to preserve insulin secretion in early type 1 diabetes require several years to recruit eligible subjects and to see a treatment effect; thus, there is interest in alternative study designs to speed this process. Most people with longstanding type 1 diabetes no longer secrete insulin. However, studies from pancreata of those with longstanding T1D show that beta cells staining for insulin can persist for decades after diagnosis, and this is paralleled in work showing proinsulin secretion in individuals with longstanding disease; collectively this suggests that there is a reserve of alive but "sleeping" beta cells. Here, we designed a novel clinical trial platform to test whether a short course of therapy with an agent known to have effects in type 1 diabetes with residual endogenous insulin could transiently induce insulin secretion in those who no longer produce insulin. A therapy that transiently "wakes up" sleeping beta cells might be tested next in a fully powered trial in those with endogenous insulin secretion. In this three-arm non-randomized pilot study, we tested three therapies known to impact disease: two beta-cell supportive agents, liraglutide and verapamil, and an immunomodulatory agent, golimumab. The golimumab treated arm was not fully enrolled due to uncertainties about immunotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants had mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT)-stimulated C-peptide below the quantitation limit (<0.02 ng/mL) at enrollment and received 8 to 12 weeks of therapy. At the completion of therapy, none of the individuals achieved the primary outcome of MMTT-stimulated C-peptide ≥ 0.02 ng/mL. An exploratory outcome of the verapamil arm was MRI-assessed pancreas size, diffusion, and longitudinal relaxation time, which showed repeatability of these measures but no treatment effect. The liraglutide and golimumab arms were registered on clinicaltrials.gov under accession number NCT03632759 and the verapamil arm under accession number NCT05847413. Trail registration: Protocols are registered in ClinicalTrials.gov under accession numbers NCT03632759 and NCT05847413.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Lord
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Henry T. Bahnson
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Carla J. Greenbaum
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | | | - John Virostko
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gilles A, Hu L, Virdis F, Sant’Angelo DB, Dimitrova N, Hedrick JA, Denzin LK. The MHC Class II Antigen-Processing and Presentation Pathway Is Dysregulated in Type 1 Diabetes. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1630-1642. [PMID: 37811896 PMCID: PMC10872857 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Peptide loading of MHC class II (MHCII) molecules is facilitated by HLA-DM (DM), which catalyzes CLIP release, stabilizes empty MHCII, and edits the MHCII-bound peptide repertoire. HLA-DO (DO) binds to DM and modulates its activity, resulting in an altered set of peptides presented at the cell surface. MHCII-peptide presentation in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is abnormal, leading to a breakdown in tolerance; however, no direct measurement of the MHCII pathway activity in T1D patients has been performed. In this study, we measured MHCII Ag-processing pathway activity in humans by determining MHCII, MHCII-CLIP, DM, and DO levels by flow cytometry for peripheral blood B cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes from 99 T1D patients and 97 controls. Results showed that MHCII levels were similar for all three APC subsets. In contrast, MHCII-CLIP levels, independent of sex, age at blood draw, disease duration, and diagnosis age, were significantly increased for all three APCs, with B cells showing the largest increase (3.4-fold). DM and DO levels, which usually directly correlate with MHCII-CLIP levels, were unexpectedly identical in T1D patients and controls. Gene expression profiling on PBMC RNA showed that DMB mRNA was significantly elevated in T1D patients with residual C-peptide. This resulted in higher levels of DM protein in B cells and dendritic cells. DO levels were also increased, suggesting that the MHCII pathway maybe differentially regulated in individuals with residual C-peptide. Collectively, these studies show a dysregulation of the MHCII Ag-processing pathway in patients with T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambroise Gilles
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, Current address: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Lan Hu
- Oncology Informatics & Genomics, Philips North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141
| | - Francesca Virdis
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, Current address: Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Derek B. Sant’Angelo
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The State University of NJ, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901
| | - Nevenka Dimitrova
- Oncology Informatics and Genomics, Philips North America, Valhalla, NY 10598, Current address: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065
| | | | - Lisa K. Denzin
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The State University of NJ, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang L, Zhang X, Liu Q, Wen Y, Wang Q. Update on the ZNT8 epitope and its role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:447-458. [PMID: 38099391 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an organ-specific chronic autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T cells. ZnT8 is a pancreatic islet-specific zinc transporter that is mainly located in β cells. It not only participates in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin but also maintains the structural integrity of insulin. ZnT8 is the main autoantigen recognized by autoreactive CD8+ T cells in children and adults with T1D. This article summarizes the latest research results on the T lymphocyte epitope and B lymphocyte epitope of ZnT8 in the current literature. The structure and expression of ZnT8, the role of ZnT8 in insulin synthesis and its role in autoimmunity are reviewed. ZnT8 is the primary autoantigen of T1D and is specifically expressed in pancreatic islets. Thus, it is one of biomarkers for the diagnosis of T1D. It has broad prospects for further research on immunomodulators for the treatment of T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China -
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hou X, Chen Y, Zhou B, Tang W, Ding Z, Chen L, Wu Y, Yang H, Du C, Yang D, Ma G, Cao H. Talin-1 inhibits Smurf1-mediated Stat3 degradation to modulate β-cell proliferation and mass in mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:709. [PMID: 37903776 PMCID: PMC10616178 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient pancreatic β-cell mass and reduced insulin expression are key events in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Here we demonstrate the high expression of Talin-1 in β-cells and that deficiency of Talin-1 reduces β-cell proliferation, which leads to reduced β-cell mass and insulin expression, thus causing glucose intolerance without affecting peripheral insulin sensitivity in mice. High-fat diet fed exerbates these phenotypes. Mechanistically, Talin-1 interacts with the E3 ligase smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), which prohibits ubiquitination of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) mediated by Smurf1, and ablation of Talin-1 enhances Smurf1-mediated ubiquitination of Stat3, leading to decreased β-cell proliferation and mass. Furthermore, haploinsufficiency of Talin-1 and Stat3 genes, but not that of either gene, in β-cell in mice significantly impairs glucose tolerance and insulin expression, indicating that both factors indeed function in the same genetic pathway. Finally, inducible deletion Talin-1 in β-cell causes glucose intolerance in adult mice. Collectively, our findings reveal that Talin-1 functions as a crucial regulator of β-cell mass, and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wanze Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Litong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment; The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment; The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Changzheng Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
de Oliveira Fernandes D, César FG, Melo BP, Brandão JDSF, Dos Santos KJ, de Andrade MT, da Fonseca Casteluber MC, de Carvalho MV, de Barcellos LAM, Soares DD, Bohnen Guimarães J. Chronic supplementation of noni in diabetic type 1-STZ rats: effects on glycemic levels, kidney toxicity and exercise performance. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:191. [PMID: 37794521 PMCID: PMC10548663 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noni is a fruit with potential medicinal use preventing elevated blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus. Its effects have been attributed to an antioxidant property in several other diseases. However, the effects of noni-chronic supplementation on exercise performance in the presence of diabetes conditions are not known. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were used to verify the effects of chronic noni (Morinda citrifolia L) juice administration on glycemia, triglyceride levels, and its relation to physical performance. In addition, it was verified if chronic noni supplementation is safe for clinical use through kidney morphology analysis. In half of the rats, diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with STZ. All rats were submitted to an incremental workload running test (IWT) until fatigued so that oxygen consumption and performance indexes (exercise time to fatigue and workload) could be analyzed before noni administration. Then, the control and DM groups received a placebo (saline solution) or noni juice (dilution 2:1) at a dose of 2 mL/kg once a day for 60 days. The result was four groups: control + placebo (CP), control + noni (CN), DM + placebo (DMP), and DM + noni (DMN). Our dose was based on in previous study by Nayak et al. (2011) that observed a significant reduction in glycemia with 2 ml/kg of the noni juice without any toxicity effect cited. Groups were then given a third IWT to verify the effect of the noni juice on exercise performance (exercise time to fatigue, workload, maximal oxygen consumption) and glycemia. Twenty-four hours after the third test, all animals were euthanized and blood and kidneys were removed for posterior analysis. The DM induction with STZ impaired the performance by 39%. Noni administration improved the time to fatigue and workload in DM rats beyond reducing hyperglycemia. These results could be associated with an improved energy efficiency promoted by noni ingestion, since the oxygen consumption was not different between the groups, although the exercise was longer in animals with noni ingestion. Our results provided evidence that chronic noni administration causes kidney damage since increased Bowman's space area in the control rats, suggesting glomerular hyperfiltration at the same magnitude as the non-treated DM group.In conclusion, chronic noni ingestion promoted glycemic control and improved the performance in DM rats but caused kidney toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Pereira Melo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Teixeira de Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Moisés Vieira de Carvalho
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alexandre Medrado de Barcellos
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danusa Dias Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil.
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hammad SM, Lopes-Virella MF. Circulating Sphingolipids in Insulin Resistance, Diabetes and Associated Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14015. [PMID: 37762318 PMCID: PMC10531201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids play an important role in the development of diabetes, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as in the development of both micro- and macro-vascular complications. Several reviews have been published concerning the role of sphingolipids in diabetes but most of the emphasis has been on the possible mechanisms by which sphingolipids, mainly ceramides, contribute to the development of diabetes. Research on circulating levels of the different classes of sphingolipids in serum and in lipoproteins and their importance as biomarkers to predict not only the development of diabetes but also of its complications has only recently emerged and it is still in its infancy. This review summarizes the previously published literature concerning sphingolipid-mediated mechanisms involved in the development of diabetes and its complications, focusing on how circulating plasma sphingolipid levels and the relative content carried by the different lipoproteins may impact their role as possible biomarkers both in the development of diabetes and mainly in the development of diabetic complications. Further studies in this field may open new therapeutic avenues to prevent or arrest/reduce both the development of diabetes and progression of its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar M. Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Maria F. Lopes-Virella
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sharma P, Joshi RV, Pritchard R, Xu K, Eicher MA. Therapeutic Antibodies in Medicine. Molecules 2023; 28:6438. [PMID: 37764213 PMCID: PMC10535987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody engineering has developed into a wide-reaching field, impacting a multitude of industries, most notably healthcare and diagnostics. The seminal work on developing the first monoclonal antibody four decades ago has witnessed exponential growth in the last 10-15 years, where regulators have approved monoclonal antibodies as therapeutics and for several diagnostic applications, including the remarkable attention it garnered during the pandemic. In recent years, antibodies have become the fastest-growing class of biological drugs approved for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, from cancer to autoimmune conditions. This review discusses the field of therapeutic antibodies as it stands today. It summarizes and outlines the clinical relevance and application of therapeutic antibodies in treating a landscape of diseases in different disciplines of medicine. It discusses the nomenclature, various approaches to antibody therapies, and the evolution of antibody therapeutics. It also discusses the risk profile and adverse immune reactions associated with the antibodies and sheds light on future applications and perspectives in antibody drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Sharma
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA 18509, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Atkinson MA, Mirmira RG. The pathogenic "symphony" in type 1 diabetes: A disorder of the immune system, β cells, and exocrine pancreas. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1500-1518. [PMID: 37478842 PMCID: PMC10529265 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to result from the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β cells. This concept has been a central tenet for decades of attempts seeking to decipher the disorder's pathogenesis and prevent/reverse the disease. Recently, this and many other disease-related notions have come under increasing question, particularly given knowledge gained from analyses of human T1D pancreas. Perhaps most crucial are findings suggesting that a collective of cellular constituents-immune, endocrine, and exocrine in origin-mechanistically coalesce to facilitate T1D. This review considers these emerging concepts, from basic science to clinical research, and identifies several key remaining knowledge voids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Agliardi C, Guerini FR, Bolognesi E, Zanzottera M, Clerici M. VDR Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:916. [PMID: 37508347 PMCID: PMC10376382 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis is crucial for human health as it regulates the expression of genes involved in different functions, including calcium homeostasis, energy metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, and immune responses. In particular, the vitamin D/VDR complex regulates genes of both innate and adaptive immunity. Autoimmune diseases are believed to arise from a genetic predisposition and the presence of triggers such as hormones and environmental factors. Among these, a role for Vitamin D and molecules correlated to its functions has been repeatedly suggested. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene, ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI, in particular, have been associated with autoimmune disorders. The presence of particular VDR SNP alleles and genotypes, thus, was observed to modulate the likelihood of developing diverse autoimmune conditions, either increasing or reducing it. In this work, we will review the scientific literature suggesting a role for these different factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions and summarize evidence indicating a possible VDR SNP involvement in the onset of these diseases. A better understanding of the role of the molecular mechanisms linking Vitamin D/VDR and autoimmunity might be extremely useful in designing novel therapeutic avenues for these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, LAMMB, 20148 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Neshat SY, Bauer SJ, Rhodes KR, Quiroz VM, Wong VW, Lowmaster SM, Tzeng SY, Green JJ, Doloff JC. Improvement of Islet Engrafts via Treg Induction Using Immunomodulating Polymeric Tolerogenic Microparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:3522-3534. [PMID: 37233985 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a life-threatening condition for which islet transplantation offers a way to extend longevity and vastly improve quality of life, but the degree and duration of success can vary greatly due to the patient's protective immunity against foreign material. The field is in need of cellular engineering modalities to promote a localized, tolerogenic environment to protect transplanted islet tissue. Artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) can be designed exogenously to mimic immune cells, such as dendritic cells, and administered to patients, allowing greater control over T cell differentiation. As regulatory T cell (Treg) modulation can reduce the activity of cytotoxic T-effector populations, this strategy can be used to promote immune acceptance of both biomaterials and cellular transplants, such as islets. A new class of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and PLGA/PBAE-blend aAPCs containing transforming growth factor beta and conjugated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies, called tolerogenic aAPCs (TolAPCs), are specifically designed to generate a tolerogenic response by inducing Tregs. We characterized TolAPCs' physical and chemical properties via advanced particle imaging and sizing modalities and investigated their impact on the local and systemic immune system across BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse strains as well as healthy male and female mice via histologic, gene expression, and immunofluorescence staining methods. Strain-specific differences were observed, whereas sex made no difference in the TolAPC response. TolAPCs stimulated the expansion of FOXP3+ Tregs and provided islet cell protection, maintaining improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro when co-cultured with cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. We also explored the ability of this TolAPC platform to promote tolerance in a streptozotocin-induced murine T1D C57BL/6 mouse model. We achieved partial islet protection over the first few days following co-injection with PLGA/PBAE TolAPCs; however, grafts failed soon thereafter. Analysis of the local injection site demonstrated that other immune cell types, including APCs and cytotoxic natural killer cells, increased in the islet injection site. While we aimed to promote a localized tolerogenic microenvironment in vivo using biodegradable TolAPCs to induce Tregs and extend islet transplant durability, further TolAPC improvements will be required to both elongate efficacy and control additional immune cell responders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Y Neshat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Stuart J Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kelly R Rhodes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Victor M Quiroz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Valerie W Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Shirley M Lowmaster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Stephany Y Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology, Sidney-Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Joshua C Doloff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology, Sidney-Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu M, Zhang Y, Markley M, Cassidy C, Newman N, Porter A. COVID-19 knowledge deconstruction and retrieval: an intelligent bibliometric solution. Scientometrics 2023:1-31. [PMID: 37360228 PMCID: PMC10230150 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-023-04747-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been an unprecedented challenge that disruptively reshaped societies and brought a massive amount of novel knowledge to the scientific community. However, as this knowledge flood continues surging, researchers have been disadvantaged by not having access to a platform that can quickly synthesize emerging information and link the new knowledge to the latent knowledge foundation. Aiming to fill this gap, we propose a research framework and develop a dashboard that can assist scientists in identifying, retrieving, and understanding COVID-19 knowledge from the ocean of scholarly articles. Incorporating principal component decomposition (PCD), a knowledge mode-based search approach, and hierarchical topic tree (HTT) analysis, the proposed framework profiles the COVID-19 research landscape, retrieves topic-specific latent knowledge foundation, and visualizes knowledge structures. The regularly updated dashboard presents our research results. Addressing 127,971 COVID-19 research papers from PubMed, the PCD topic analysis identifies 35 research hotspots, along with their inner correlations and fluctuating trends. The HTT result segments the global knowledge landscape of COVID-19 into clinical and public health branches and reveals the deeper exploration of those studies. To supplement this analysis, we additionally built a knowledge model from research papers on the topic of vaccination and fetched 92,286 pre-Covid publications as the latent knowledge foundation for reference. The HTT analysis results on the retrieved papers show multiple relevant biomedical disciplines and four future research topics: monoclonal antibody treatments, vaccinations in diabetic patients, vaccine immunity effectiveness and durability, and vaccination-related allergic sensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Wu
- Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yi Zhang
- Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Alan Porter
- Search Technology, Inc., Norcross, USA
- Science, Technology & Innovation Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Root-Bernstein R, Chiles K, Huber J, Ziehl A, Turke M, Pietrowicz M. Clostridia and Enteroviruses as Synergistic Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098336. [PMID: 37176044 PMCID: PMC10179352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
What triggers type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)? One common assumption is that triggers are individual microbes that mimic autoantibody targets such as insulin (INS). However, most microbes highly associated with T1DM pathogenesis, such as coxsackieviruses (COX), lack INS mimicry and have failed to induce T1DM in animal models. Using proteomic similarity search techniques, we found that COX actually mimicked the INS receptor (INSR). Clostridia were the best mimics of INS. Clostridia antibodies cross-reacted with INS in ELISA experiments, confirming mimicry. COX antibodies cross-reacted with INSR. Clostridia antibodies further bound to COX antibodies as idiotype-anti-idiotype pairs conserving INS-INSR complementarity. Ultraviolet spectrometry studies demonstrated that INS-like Clostridia peptides bound to INSR-like COX peptides. These complementary peptides were also recognized as antigens by T cell receptor sequences derived from T1DM patients. Finally, most sera from T1DM patients bound strongly to inactivated Clostridium sporogenes, while most sera from healthy individuals did not; T1DM sera also exhibited evidence of anti-idiotype antibodies against idiotypic INS, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor (islet antigen-2) antibodies. These results suggest that T1DM is triggered by combined enterovirus-Clostridium (and possibly combined Epstein-Barr-virus-Streptococcal) infections, and the probable rate of such co-infections approximates the rate of new T1DM diagnoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaylie Chiles
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jack Huber
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alison Ziehl
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Miah Turke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Maja Pietrowicz
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Senkevich K, Alipour P, Chernyavskaya E, Yu E, Noyce AJ, Gan-Or Z. Potential Protective Link Between Type I Diabetes and Parkinson's Disease Risk and Progression. Mov Disord 2023. [PMID: 37148456 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggested an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and type 2 diabetes, but less is known about type 1 diabetes (T1D) and PD. OBJECTIVE This study sought to explore the association between T1D and PD. METHODS We used Mendelian randomization, linkage disequilibrium score regression, and multi-tissue transcriptome-wide analysis to examine the association between PD and T1D. RESULTS Mendelian randomization showed a potentially protective role of T1D for PD risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-0.99; P = 0.039), as well as motor (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99; P = 0.044) and cognitive progression (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.08-2.09; P = 0.015). We further found a negative genetic correlation between T1D and PD (rg = -0.17; P = 0.016), and we identified eight genes in cross-tissue transcriptome-wide analysis that were associated with both traits. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a potential genetic link between T1D and PD risk and progression. Larger comprehensive epidemiological and genetic studies are required to validate our findings. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Senkevich
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paria Alipour
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Eric Yu
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alastair J Noyce
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bao J, Yan Y, Zuo D, Zhuo Z, Sun T, Lin H, Han Z, Zhao Z, Yu H. Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in diabetic bone loss: from mechanism to therapy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1178573. [PMID: 37215218 PMCID: PMC10196368 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1178573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, one of the most serious and common complications of diabetes, has affected the quality of life of a large number of people in recent years. Although there are many studies on the mechanism of diabetic osteoporosis, the information is still limited and there is no consensus. Recently, researchers have proven that osteoporosis induced by diabetes mellitus may be connected to an abnormal iron metabolism and ferroptosis inside cells under high glucose situations. However, there are no comprehensive reviews reported. Understanding these mechanisms has important implications for the development and treatment of diabetic osteoporosis. Therefore, this review elaborates on the changes in bones under high glucose conditions, the consequences of an elevated glucose microenvironment on the associated cells, the impact of high glucose conditions on the iron metabolism of the associated cells, and the signaling pathways of the cells that may contribute to diabetic bone loss in the presence of an abnormal iron metabolism. Lastly, we also elucidate and discuss the therapeutic targets of diabetic bone loss with relevant medications which provides some inspiration for its cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Bao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daihui Zuo
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhuo
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianhao Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Orthopaedic Trauma Repair, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongli Lin
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zheshen Han
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gunavathy N, Asirvatham A, Chitra A, Jayalakshmi M. Evaluation of HLA-G 14bp Ins/Del and +3142 C/G Polymorphisms in Type 1 Diabetes among South Indian Population. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:223-229. [PMID: 37583409 PMCID: PMC10424110 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease, involving strong genetic components with familial predisposition. Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA-class I molecule having several immunomodulatory functions. Polymorphisms in HLA-G are associated with several autoimmune diseases including T1D. This study aims to evaluate the association of HLA-G 14bp Ins/Del and +3142 C/G polymorphisms with T1D among the South Indian population. Methods The study was performed in a cohort of 123 T1D patients along with their 51 siblings and 126 parents. The association and linkage of HLA-G 14bp Ins/Del and +3142 C/G polymorphisms with T1D were analysed, and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was performed. Results Significantly increased frequencies of HLA-G 14bp Del/Del genotype (OR = 2.16, pc = 0.0302) and Del allele (OR = 1.71, pc = 0.0398) were observed in female patients compared to parents. Higher frequencies of DelDel/GG combined genotype (OR = 4.45, pc = 0.0049) and Del/G haplotype (OR = 2.91, pc = 0.0277) were observed in female patients compared to parents. TDT also revealed over-transmission of Del/G haplotype (25T vs 7UT; P = 0.0015) and a strong linkage disequilibrium between the studied polymorphisms. Conclusion This familial study shows the association of HLA-G 3'UTR 14bp Ins/Del polymorphism with the risk of T1D among the South Indian population, especially in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Gunavathy
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arthur Asirvatham
- Department of Diabetology, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayyappan Chitra
- Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mariakuttikan Jayalakshmi
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mancuso G, Bechi Genzano C, Fierabracci A, Fousteri G. Type 1 diabetes and inborn errors of immunity: Complete strangers or 2 sides of the same coin? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023:S0091-6749(23)00427-X. [PMID: 37097271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a polygenic disease and does not follow a mendelian pattern. Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), on the other hand, are caused by damaging germline variants, suggesting that T1D and IEIs have nothing in common. Some IEIs, resulting from mutations in genes regulating regulatory T-cell homeostasis, are associated with elevated incidence of T1D. The genetic spectrum of IEIs is gradually being unraveled; consequently, molecular pathways underlying human monogenic autoimmunity are being identified. There is an appreciable overlap between some of these pathways and the genetic variants that determine T1D susceptibility, suggesting that after all, IEI and T1D are 2 sides of the same coin. The study of monogenic IEIs with a variable incidence of T1D has the potential to provide crucial insights into the mechanisms leading to T1D. These insights contribute to the definition of T1D endotypes and explain disease heterogeneity. In this review, we discuss the interconnected pathogenic pathways of autoimmunity, β-cell function, and primary immunodeficiency. We also examine the role of environmental factors in disease penetrance as well as the circumstantial evidence of IEI drugs in preventing and curing T1D in individuals with IEIs, suggesting the repositioning of these drugs also for T1D therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Mancuso
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Camillo Bechi Genzano
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ke Q, Greenawalt AN, Manukonda V, Ji X, Tisch RM. The regulation of self-tolerance and the role of inflammasome molecules. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154552. [PMID: 37081890 PMCID: PMC10110889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome molecules make up a family of receptors that typically function to initiate a proinflammatory response upon infection by microbial pathogens. Dysregulation of inflammasome activity has been linked to unwanted chronic inflammation, which has also been implicated in certain autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and related animal models. Classical inflammasome activation-dependent events have intrinsic and extrinsic effects on both innate and adaptive immune effectors, as well as resident cells in the target tissue, which all can contribute to an autoimmune response. Recently, inflammasome molecules have also been found to regulate the differentiation and function of immune effector cells independent of classical inflammasome-activated inflammation. These alternative functions for inflammasome molecules shape the nature of the adaptive immune response, that in turn can either promote or suppress the progression of autoimmunity. In this review we will summarize the roles of inflammasome molecules in regulating self-tolerance and the development of autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ashley Nicole Greenawalt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Veera Manukonda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xingqi Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Roland Michael Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Roland Michael Tisch,
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Carrera P, Marzinotto I, Bonfanti R, Massimino L, Calzavara S, Favellato Μ, Jofra T, De Giglio V, Bonura C, Stabilini A, Favalli V, Bondesan S, Cicalese MP, Laurenzi A, Caretto A, Frontino G, Rigamonti A, Molinari C, Scavini M, Sandullo F, Zapparoli E, Caridi N, Bonfiglio S, Castorani V, Ungaro F, Petrelli A, Barera G, Aiuti A, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Piemonti L, Lampasona V, Fousteri G. Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of islet autoimmunity at disease onset. Diabetologia 2023; 66:695-708. [PMID: 36692510 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet autoantibodies (AAbs) are detected in >90% of individuals with clinically suspected type 1 diabetes at disease onset. A single AAb, sometimes at low titre, is often detected in some individuals, making their diagnosis uncertain. Type 1 diabetes genetic risk scores (GRS) are a useful tool for discriminating polygenic autoimmune type 1 diabetes from other types of diabetes, particularly the monogenic forms, but testing is not routinely performed in the clinic. Here, we used a type 1 diabetes GRS to screen for monogenic diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of autoimmunity, i.e. with a single AAb at disease onset. METHODS In a pilot study, we genetically screened 142 individuals with suspected type 1 diabetes, 42 of whom were AAb-negative, 27 of whom had a single AAb (single AAb-positive) and 73 of whom had multiple AAbs (multiple AAb-positive) at disease onset. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in 41 AAb-negative participants, 26 single AAb-positive participants and 60 multiple AAb-positive participants using an analysis pipeline of more than 200 diabetes-associated genes. RESULTS The type 1 diabetes GRS was significantly lower in AAb-negative individuals than in those with a single and multiple AAbs. Pathogenetic class 4/5 variants in MODY or monogenic diabetes genes were identified in 15/41 (36.6%) AAb-negative individuals, while class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 17/41 (41.5%). Residual C-peptide levels at diagnosis were higher in individuals with mutations compared to those without pathogenetic variants. Class 3 variants of unknown significance were found in 11/26 (42.3%) single AAb-positive individuals, and pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were present in 2/26 (7.7%) single AAb-positive individuals. No pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were identified in multiple AAb-positive individuals, but class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 19/60 (31.7%) patients. Several patients across the three groups had more than one class 3 variant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings provide insights into the genetic makeup of patients who show weak evidence of autoimmunity at disease onset. Absence of islet AAbs or the presence of a single AAb together with a low type 1 diabetes GRS may be indicative of a monogenic form of diabetes, and use of NGS may improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carrera
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Calzavara
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Clara Bonura
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Favalli
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Caretto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Molinari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Scavini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Caridi
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Barera
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Telethon, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Honda TJ, Kazemiparkouhi F, Suh H. The Impact of Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Mortality among U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries. TOXICS 2023; 11:336. [PMID: 37112563 PMCID: PMC10145417 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little of the previous literature has investigated associations between air pollution exposure and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-related mortality, despite a well-established link between air pollution exposure and other autoimmune diseases. METHODS In a cohort of 53 million Medicare beneficiaries living across the conterminous United States, we used Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association of long-term PM2.5 and NO2 exposures on T1DM-related mortality from 2000 to 2008. Models included strata for age, sex, race, and ZIP code and controlled for neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES); we additionally investigated associations in two-pollutant models, and whether associations were modified by participant demographics. RESULTS A 10 μg/m3 increase in 12-month average PM2.5 (HR: 1.183; 95% CI: 1.037-1.349) and a 10 ppb increase in NO2 (HR: 1.248; 95% CI: 1.089-1.431) was associated with an increased risk of T1DM-related mortality in age-, sex-, race-, ZIP code-, and SES-adjusted models. Associations for both pollutants were consistently stronger among Black (PM2.5: HR:1.877, 95% CI: 1.386-2.542; NO2: HR: 1.586, 95% CI: 1.258-2.001) and female (PM2.5: HR:1.297, 95% CI: 1.101-1.529; NO2: HR: 1.390, 95% CI: 1.187-1.627) beneficiaries. CONCLUSIONS Long-term NO2 and, to a lesser extent, PM2.5 exposure is associated with statistically significant elevations in T1DM-related mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trenton J. Honda
- School of Clinical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fatemeh Kazemiparkouhi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Helen Suh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sundaresan B, Shirafkan F, Ripperger K, Rattay K. The Role of Viral Infections in the Onset of Autoimmune Diseases. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030782. [PMID: 36992490 PMCID: PMC10051805 DOI: 10.3390/v15030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are the consequence of a breach in immune tolerance, leading to the inability to sufficiently differentiate between self and non-self. Immune reactions that are targeted towards self-antigens can ultimately lead to the destruction of the host's cells and the development of autoimmune diseases. Although autoimmune disorders are comparatively rare, the worldwide incidence and prevalence is increasing, and they have major adverse implications for mortality and morbidity. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to be the major factors contributing to the development of autoimmunity. Viral infections are one of the environmental triggers that can lead to autoimmunity. Current research suggests that several mechanisms, such as molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, and bystander activation, can cause viral-induced autoimmunity. Here we describe the latest insights into the pathomechanisms of viral-induced autoimmune diseases and discuss recent findings on COVID-19 infections and the development of AIDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Sundaresan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Shirafkan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Ripperger
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Rattay
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Maity J, Dey T, Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay A, Das AR, Bandyopadhyay D. Melatonin ameliorates myocardial infarction in obese diabetic individuals: The possible involvement of macrophage apoptotic factors. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12847. [PMID: 36456538 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In recent days, the hike in obesity-mediated epidemics across the globe and the prevalence of obesity-induced cardiovascular disease has become one of the chief grounds for morbidity and mortality. This epidemic-driven detrimental events in the cardiac tissues start with the altered distribution and metabolism pattern of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) leading to cholesterol (oxidized LDL) deposition on the arterial wall and atherosclerotic plaque generation, followed by vascular spasms and infarction. Subsequently, obesity-triggered metabolic malfunctions induce free radical generation which may further trigger pro-inflammatory signaling and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells transcriptional factor, thus inducing interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. This terrifying cardiomyopathy can be further aggravated in type 2 diabetes mellitus, thereby making obese diabetic patients prone toward the development of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke in comparison to their nondiabetic counterparts. The accelerated oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, followed by apoptosis in obese diabetic individuals, causing progression of athero-thrombotic vascular disease. Being an efficient antioxidative and anti-inflammatory indolamine, melatonin effectively inhibits lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory reactions, thereby resolving free radical-induced myocardial damages along with maintaining antioxidant reservoir to preserve cardiovascular integrity. Prolonged melatonin treatment maintains balanced body weight and serum total cholesterol concentration by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and promoting cholesterol catabolism. Additionally, melatonin promotes macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory state, providing a proper shield during the recovery period. Therefore, the protective role of melatonin in maintaining the lipid metabolism homeostasis and blocking the atherosclerotic plaque rupture could be targeted as the possible therapeutic strategy for the management of obesity-induced acute MI. This review aimed at orchestrating the efficacy of melatonin in ameliorating irrevocable oxidative cardiovascular damage induced by the obesity-diabetes correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juin Maity
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Tiyasa Dey
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Adrita Banerjee
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Asish R Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Castro MFV, Assmann CE, Stefanello N, Reichert KP, Palma TV, da Silva AD, Miron VV, Mostardeiro VB, Morsch VMM, Schetinger MRC. Caffeic acid attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Pivotal role of the cholinergic and purinergic signaling pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 115:109280. [PMID: 36796549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of caffeic acid (CA) on behavioral learning and memory tasks in the diabetic state. We also evaluated the effect of this phenolic acid on the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase, ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase, ecto-5-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase as well as on the density of M1R, α7nAChR, P2×7R, A1R, A2AR, and inflammatory parameters in the cortex and hippocampus of diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). The animals were divided into six groups: control/vehicle; control/CA 10 and 50 mg/kg; diabetic/vehicle; diabetic/CA 10 and 50 mg/kg, treated by gavage. The results showed that CA improved learning and memory deficits in diabetic rats. Also, CA reversed the increase in acetylcholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities and reduced ATP and ADP hydrolysis. Moreover, CA increased the density of M1R, α7nAChR, and A1R receptors and reversed the increase in P2×7R and A2AR density in both evaluated structures. In addition, CA treatment attenuated the increase in NLRP3, caspase 1, and interleukin 1β density in the diabetic state; moreover, it increased the density of interleukin-10 in the diabetic/CA 10 mg/kg group. The results indicated that CA treatment positively modified the activities of cholinergic and purinergic enzymes and the density of receptors, and improved the inflammatory parameters of diabetic animals. Thus, the outcomes suggest that this phenolic acid could improve the cognitive deficit linked to cholinergic and purinergic signaling in the diabetic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Fanny Vera Castro
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Naiara Stefanello
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Paula Reichert
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Taís Vidal Palma
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aniélen Dutra da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Valéria Miron
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Campus, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|