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Sima C, Taani MH, Apchemengich I, Andargeery SY. Associations Between Components of Self-Management Theory and Falls Among Older Adults. J Gerontol Nurs 2024; 50:19-28. [PMID: 39088049 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20240703-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship of key individual and family self-management theory (IFSMT) components, including self-management process variables on proximal (self-management behaviors) and distal (falls) outcomes in older adults. METHOD A secondary data analysis was conducted using data of 99 older adults living in continuing care retirement communities in the U.S. Midwest. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and logistic regression were performed to analyze the data. RESULTS The multiple regression model demonstrated a positive association between self-efficacy for physical activity and steps per day. The logistic regression model showed that high expectations regarding aging are associated with reduced likelihood of meeting daily protein intake. CONCLUSION Key components of the IFSMT, such as self-efficacy, steps per day, and expectations regarding aging, are important when designing self-management interventions to prevent falls. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(8), 19-28.].
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Han SY, Kim YH. Associations Between Tinnitus and Systemic Disease in Adolescents: Implications of Vitamin D Deficiency and Anaemia. Clin Otolaryngol 2024. [PMID: 39048535 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tinnitus is one of the irritating symptoms that should be addressed in adolescents. Since tinnitus affects mental health, it is important to treat it. However, identifying the cause of tinnitus is very challenging and the treatment strategies of tinnitus are controversial. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of tinnitus in adolescents and systemic diseases as risk factors of adolescent tinnitus to find evidence for new treatment strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the subjects and data using the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. One thousand five hundred ninety-three adolescents with bilateral normal tympanic membranes and availability of the results of physical, laboratory and audiological examinations, were selected. We evaluated their systemic diseases based on these results and assessed the association of tinnitus with demographic factors, systemic diseases and hearing levels. RESULTS The prevalence of tinnitus in Korean adolescents was 21.7%. The hearing level was not associated with tinnitus. Tinnitus was significantly associated with age (p = 0.005), 25(OH)-D level (p = 0.007) and anaemia (p = 0.003). After controlling the other factors, age (p = 0.045), 25(OH)-D level (p = 0.041) and anaemia (p = 0.019) were independently related to tinnitus. CONCLUSION Tinnitus in adolescents was significantly associated with age, vitamin D and anaemia. Physicians should consider the higher likelihood of these deficiencies or diseases in adolescent tinnitus patients. Additionally, recognizing these associations may be helpful in developing treatment strategies for adolescent tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Dhar P, Moodithaya S, Patil P, Adithi K. A hypothesis: MiRNA-124 mediated regulation of sirtuin 1 and vitamin D receptor gene expression accelerates aging. Aging Med (Milton) 2024; 7:320-327. [PMID: 38975301 PMCID: PMC11222741 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Specific miRNAs are evident to be overexpressed with age, lifestyle, and environmental changes. Previous studies reported miR-124 overexpression in different scenarios in aged skin, age-related cognitive impairment, ischemic heart disease, muscle atrophy, and fractures. Thus miR-124 was considered to be a reliable miRNA target to establish a hypothesis on aging epigenome. Parallelly the hypothesis focuses on the expression of SIRT1 and VDR genes as a target for this specific miRNA expression as these genes were believed to be related to aging. This study aims to derive facts and evidence from past studies on aging. The objective was to establish a hypothetical linkage between miR-124 with age-related genes like SIRT1 and VDR. Methods An in silico search was performed in the TargetScan and miRbase databases to analyze the aging-associated miRNAs and their gene targets, the Python seaborn library was used, and the results were represented in terms of a bar plot. Results Based on an in silico analysis and studies available in the literature, we identified that miR-124-3p.1 and miR-124-3p.2 targets 3' UTR of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and hence thereby indicates that the miR-124 can regulate the expression of these genes. Further, few in vitro research studies have observed that miR-124 overexpression leads to the downregulation of VDR and SIRT1 gene expression. These results indicate that the suppression of these target genes accelerates early aging and age-related disorders. Conclusions Overall, this study hypothesizes that the overexpression of miR-124 diminishes the expression of VDR and SIRT1 genes, and thereby advances the process of aging, resulting in the development of age-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Dhar
- Department of PhysiologyK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Shailaja Moodithaya
- Department of PhysiologyK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research LaboratoryK. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Kellarai Adithi
- Department of General MedicineJustice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Nitte (Deemed to be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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Özgirgin ON, Kingma H, Manzari L, Lacour M. Residual dizziness after BPPV management: exploring pathophysiology and treatment beyond canalith repositioning maneuvers. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1382196. [PMID: 38854956 PMCID: PMC11157684 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1382196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the high success rate of canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRMs) in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), a growing number of patients report residual dizziness symptoms that may last for a significant time. Although the majority of BPPV cases can be explained by canalolithiasis, the etiology is complex. Consideration of the individual patient's history and underlying pathophysiology of BPPV may offer the potential for treatment approaches supplementary to CRMs, as well as a promising alternative for patients in whom CRMs are contraindicated. This article provides a summary of the possible underlying causes of BPPV and residual dizziness, along with suggestions for potential management options that may be considered to relieve the burden of residual symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herman Kingma
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Manzari
- Vestibology Science, MSA ENT Academy Center, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Michel Lacour
- Aix-Marseille Université, Neurosciences Department, Marseille, France
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Chu C, Chan YM, Tang J. Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Singaporean Perspective. Cureus 2024; 16:e60325. [PMID: 38883121 PMCID: PMC11177327 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the primary vestibular disorder causing peripheral vertigo. Given the role of vitamin D in maintaining otoconia homeostasis, its deficiency may elevate the risk of BPPV. Our study seeks to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with BPPV in the local Asian population. METHODOLOGY We performed a retrospective analysis of 149 consecutive adult patients referred to a tertiary center's Otolaryngology dizziness clinic between 2018 and 2021. All of these patients had both BPPV and vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS The mean serum vitamin D level was 19.4 ± 5.5 ng/mol. Approximately 51.7% (77/149) of patients experienced recurrent episodes of BPPV. Univariate Chi-square analyses demonstrated vitamin D levels (P < 0.001) and history of migraine (P = 0.04) were related to BPPV recurrence. On multivariate analyses, patients with higher serum vitamin D levels were 16.7% less likely to develop recurrent BPPV (odds ratio [OR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.90, P < 0.001). However, migraine history was not significantly related to BPPV recurrence (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.14-1.00, P = 0.050). There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of BPPV episodes based on vitamin D levels (P = 0.327). CONCLUSIONS Patients with vitamin D deficiency are at higher risk of recurrent BPPV. Future research directions that would be beneficial include conducting a randomized controlled trial to evaluate both the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation and its optimal dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Chu
- Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Yew Meng Chan
- Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Joyce Tang
- Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
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Borecka O, Dutton JJ, Tang JCY, Fraser WD, Webb AR, Rhodes LE. Comparative Study of Healthy Older and Younger Adults Shows They Have the Same Skin Concentration of Vitamin D 3 Precursor, 7-Dehydrocholesterol, and Similar Response to UVR. Nutrients 2024; 16:1147. [PMID: 38674838 PMCID: PMC11053405 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin is initiated by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure of precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC), but influence of age on the early stage of vitamin D3 metabolism is uncertain. We performed a prospective standardised study in healthy ambulant adults aged ≥65 and ≤40 years examining (1) if baseline skin 7DHC concentration differs between younger and older adults and (2) the impact of older age on serum vitamin D3 response to solar simulated UVR. Eleven younger (18-40 years) and 10 older (65-89 years) adults, phototype I-III, received low-dose UVR (95% UVA, 5% UVB, 1.3 SED) to ~35% of the body surface area. Biopsies were taken for 7DHC assay from unexposed skin, skin immediately and 24 h post-UVR, and blood sampled at baseline, 24 h and 7 d post-UVR for vitamin D3 assay. Samples were analysed by HPLC-MS/MS. Baseline skin 7DHC (mean ± SD) was 0.22 ± 0.07 and 0.25 ± 0.08 µg/mg in younger versus older adults (no significant difference). Baseline serum vitamin D3 concentration was 1.5 ± 1.5 and 1.5 ± 1.7 nmol/L in younger versus older adults, respectively, and showed a significant increase in both groups post-UVR (no significant differences between age groups). Thus, skin 7DHC concentration was not a limiting factor for vitamin D3 production in older relative to younger adults. This information assists public health guidance on sun exposure/vitamin D nutrition, with particular relevance to the growing populations of healthy ambulant adults ≥65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktawia Borecka
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (O.B.); (A.R.W.)
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Research Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Greater Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - John J. Dutton
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (J.J.D.); (W.D.F.)
| | - Jonathan C. Y. Tang
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (J.J.D.); (W.D.F.)
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - William D. Fraser
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (J.J.D.); (W.D.F.)
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Ann R. Webb
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (O.B.); (A.R.W.)
| | - Lesley E. Rhodes
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Research Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Greater Manchester M6 8HD, UK
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Jones CH, Dolsten M. Healthcare on the brink: navigating the challenges of an aging society in the United States. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:22. [PMID: 38582901 PMCID: PMC10998868 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The US healthcare system is at a crossroads. With an aging population requiring more care and a strained system facing workforce shortages, capacity issues, and fragmentation, innovative solutions and policy reforms are needed. This paper aims to spark dialogue and collaboration among healthcare stakeholders and inspire action to meet the needs of the aging population. Through a comprehensive analysis of the impact of an aging society, this work highlights the urgency of addressing this issue and the importance of restructuring the healthcare system to be more efficient, equitable, and responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
| | - Mikael Dolsten
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
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Somelar-Duracz K, Jürgenson M, Viil J, Zharkovsky A, Jaako K. 'Unpredictable chronic mild stress does not exacerbate memory impairment or altered neuronal and glial plasticity in the hippocampus of middle-aged vitamin D deficient mice'. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1696-1722. [PMID: 38269959 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health concern, especially in the elderly population. Much remains unknown about the relationship between vitamin D deficiency (VDD), stress-induced cognitive dysfunctions and depressive-like behaviour. In this study, 4-month-old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed with control or vitamin D free diet for 6 months, followed by unpredictable chronic stress (UCMS) for 8 weeks. VDD induced cognitive impairment and reduced grooming behaviour, but did not induce depressive-like behaviour. While UCMS in vitamin D sufficient mice induced expected depressive-like phenotype and impairments in the contextual fear memory, chronic stress did not manifest as an additional risk factor for memory impairments and depressive-like behaviour in VDD mice. In fact, UCMS restored self-care behaviour in VDD mice. At the histopathological level, VDD mice exhibited cell loss in the granule cell layer, reduced survival of newly generated cells, accompanied with an increased number of apoptotic cells and alterations in glial morphology in the hippocampus; however, these effects were not exacerbated by UCMS. Interestingly, UCMS reversed VDD induced loss of microglial cells. Moreover, tyrosine hydroxylase levels decreased in the striatum of VDD mice, but not in stressed VDD mice. These findings indicate that long-term VDD in adulthood impairs cognition but does not augment behavioural response to UCMS in middle-aged mice. While VDD caused cell loss and altered glial response in the DG of the hippocampus, these effects were not exacerbated by UCMS and could contribute to mechanisms regulating altered stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Somelar-Duracz
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Monika Jürgenson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Janeli Viil
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexander Zharkovsky
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Jaako
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Han SY, Lee SY, Suh MW, Lee JH, Park MK. Insufficient nutrient intake in individuals with disabling hearing loss and the restoration of nutritional sufficiency in hearing aid users. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7509. [PMID: 38553548 PMCID: PMC10980801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57927-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss affects some nutrient intake. Disabling hearing loss may exacerbate these issues. We aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and assess deficiencies based on functional hearing status. The study included 6907 participants with information on demographic factors, nutrient intake, weight, height, disease status, and hearing level in the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted from 2019 to 2021. We categorized the participants into 3 groups based on their functional hearing status: bilateral hearing, unilateral hearing, and disabling hearing loss. The disabling hearing loss group showed lower intake of most major nutrients (P < 0.05), dietary fiber (P < 0.001), and most minerals and vitamins (P < 0.05), with some insufficiencies. The unilateral hearing group showed lower intake only for potassium (P = 0.036) compared to the bilateral hearing group and significantly higher intake of hydration (P = 0.039), dietary fiber (P = 0.039), and calcium (P = 0.009) than the disabling hearing loss group. Nutrient insufficiency in the disabling hearing loss group was more prominent in women, and was partially resolved by using hearing aids. Clinicians and nutritionists should consider undernourishment in these patients, and appropriate interventions for nutrition and hearing aids should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Wang J, Cui X, Xu L, Zhou J, Deng L, Zhang M, Lv Y, Yu Q, Shi X. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Disability in Activities of Daily Living among the Oldest-Old: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Nutr 2024; 154:1004-1013. [PMID: 38246357 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency and disability are both prevalent among older adults. However, the association between them has rarely been investigated in the oldest-old subjects (aged ≥80 y), and the causality remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the causal effect of vitamin D on the incident risk of disability in activities of daily living (ADL) among Chinese oldest-old based on the 2012-2018 Chinese Healthy Ageing and Biomarkers Cohort Study. METHODS Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and ADL status at baseline and follow-up interviews were documented. Cox regression models were applied among 1427 oldest-old (mean age, 91.2 y) with normal baseline ADL status. One sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed on a subset of 941 participants with qualified genetic data, using a 25(OH)D-associated genetic risk score as the genetic instrument. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 3.4 y, 231 participants developed disability in ADL. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with the risk of disability in ADL [per 10 nmol/L increase hazard ratio (HR) 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.96]. Consistent results from MR analyses showed that a 10 nmol/L increment in genetically predicted 25(OH)D concentration corresponded to a 20% reduced risk of ADL disability (HR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.94). Nonlinear MR demonstrated a monotonic declining curve, with the HRs exhibiting a more pronounced reduction among individuals with 25(OH)D concentrations below 50 nmol/L. Subgroup analyses showed that the associations were more distinct among females and those with poorer health conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports an inverse causal relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of disability in ADL among Chinese oldest-old. This protective effect was more distinct, especially for participants with vitamin D deficiency. Appropriate measures for improving vitamin D might help reduce the incidence of physical disability in this specific age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyao Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Lanjing Xu
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China; Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Luojia Deng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Yuebin Lv
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese CDC, Beijing, China.
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Little M, Brockington M, Aker A, Kenny TA, Andrade-Rivas F, Ayotte P, Lemire M. Wild fish consumption and latitude as drivers of vitamin D status among Inuit living in Nunavik, northern Québec. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e81. [PMID: 38384120 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure vitamin D status and estimate factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in Nunavimmiut (Inuit living in Nunavik) adults in 2017. DESIGN Data were from Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Nunavik Inuit Health Survey, a cross-sectional study conducted in August-October 2017. Participants underwent a questionnaire, including an FFQ, and blood samples were analysed for total serum 25(OH)D. SETTING Nunavik, northern Québec, Canada. PARTICIPANTS A stratified proportional model was used to select respondents, including 1,155 who identified as Inuit and had complete data. RESULTS Geometric mean serum vitamin D levels were 65·2 nmol/l (95 % CI 62·9-67·6 nmol/l) among women and 65·4 nmol/l (95 % CI 62·3-68·7 nmol/l) among men. The weighted prevalence of serum 25(OH)D < 75 nmol/l, <50 nmol/l <30 nmol/l was 61·2 %, 30·3 % and 7·0 %, respectively. Individuals who were older, female, lived in smaller and/or more southerly communities and/or consumed more country (traditional) foods were at a reduced risk of low vitamin D status. Higher consumption of wild fish was specifically associated with increased serum 25(OH)D concentration. CONCLUSION It is important that national, regional and local policies and programs are in place to secure harvest, sharing and consumption of nutritious and culturally important country foods like Arctic char and other wild fish species, particularly considering ongoing climate change in the Arctic which impacts the availability, access and quality of fish as food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Little
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Meghan Brockington
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Amira Aker
- Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Tiff-Annie Kenny
- Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Federico Andrade-Rivas
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lemire
- Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Sultana OF, Hia RA, Reddy PH. A Combinational Therapy for Preventing and Delaying the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Probiotic and Vitamin Co-Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:202. [PMID: 38397800 PMCID: PMC10886126 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a complex etiology, and effective interventions to prevent or delay its onset remain a global health challenge. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential role of probiotic and vitamin supplementation as complementary strategies for Alzheimer's disease prevention. This review paper explores the current scientific literature on the use of probiotics and vitamins, particularly vitamin A, D, E, K, and B-complex vitamins, in the context of Alzheimer's disease prevention and management. We delve into the mechanisms through which probiotics may modulate gut-brain interactions and neuroinflammation while vitamins play crucial roles in neuronal health and cognitive function. The paper also examines the collective impact of this combinational therapy on reducing the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis. By providing a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence and potential mechanisms, this review aims to shed light on the promise of probiotic and vitamin co-supplementation as a multifaceted approach to combat Alzheimer's disease, offering insights into possible avenues for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Raksa Andalib Hia
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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13
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Janubová M, Žitňanová I. The effects of vitamin D on different types of cells. Steroids 2024; 202:109350. [PMID: 38096964 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is neccessary for regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in bones, affects imunity, the cardiovascular system, muscles, skin, epithelium, extracellular matrix, the central nervous system, and plays arole in prevention of aging-associated diseases. Vitamin D receptor is expressed in almost all types of cells and its activation leads to modulation of different signaling pathways. In this review, we have analysed the current knowledge of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 effects on metabolism of cells important for the function of the cardiovascular system (endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiac cells and pericytes), tissue healing (fibroblasts), epithelium (various types of epithelial cells) and the central nervous system (neurons, astrocytes and microglia). The goal of this review was to compare the effects of vitamin D on the above mentioned cells in in vitro conditions and to summarize what is known in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Janubová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ingrid Žitňanová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Holmannova D, Borsky P, Andrys C, Kremlacek J, Fiala Z, Parova H, Rehacek V, Esterkova M, Poctova G, Maresova T, Borska L. The Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on Potential Aging Biomarkers in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome Compared to Healthy Controls. Biomedicines 2024; 12:242. [PMID: 38275413 PMCID: PMC10813522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological aging is a physiological process that can be altered by various factors. The presence of a chronic metabolic disease can accelerate aging and increase the risk of further chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to determine whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects levels of markers that are associated with, among other things, aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 169 subjects (58 with MetS, and 111 without metabolic syndrome, i.e., non-MetS) participated in the study. Levels of telomerase, GDF11/15, sirtuin 1, follistatin, NLRP3, AGEs, klotho, DNA/RNA damage, NAD+, vitamin D, and blood lipids were assessed from blood samples using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS Telomerase (p < 0.01), DNA/RNA damage (p < 0.006) and GDF15 (p < 0.02) were higher in MetS group compared to non-MetS group. Only vitamin D levels were higher in the non-MetS group (p < 0.0002). Differences between MetS and non-MetS persons were also detected in groups divided according to age: in under 35-year-olds and those aged 35-50 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that people with MetS compared to those without MetS have higher levels of some of the measured markers of biological aging. Thus, the presence of MetS may accelerate biological aging, which may be associated with an increased risk of chronic comorbidities that accompany MetS (cardiovascular, inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, or cancer diseases) and risk of premature death from all causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremlacek
- Institute of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Helena Parova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Esterkova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Gabriela Poctova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Tereza Maresova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
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15
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Owczarek B, Ziomkiewicz A, Łukowska-Chojnacka E. Has a High Dose of Vitamin D3 Impacted Health Conditions in Older Adults?-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Focusing on Dose 100,000 IU. Nutrients 2024; 16:252. [PMID: 38257146 PMCID: PMC10819183 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are prone to vitamin D3 (VD3) deficiency, which may impair their health. A high dose of VD3 (HDVD3 = 100,000 IU) could improve their 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] level and health outcomes. However, evidence for such a beneficial effect of HDVD3 in older adults coming from clinical trials is mixed. OBJECTIVE To review the literature on the efficacy of a single dose of 100,000 IU of VD3 in older people. METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, and NIH's clinical trials registry for clinical studies on the effect of a single high dose of VD3 on various health outcomes in older people. We also performed a meta-analysis using the standardized mean difference to assess the effect of VD3 on its blood level. Due to expected high heterogeneity, its amount (i.e., tau2) was estimated using the DerSimonian-Laird estimator. To estimate tau2, the Q-test for heterogeneity and the I2 statistic were calculated. RESULTS Search results identify 13 studies that reported diverse health outcomes, such as lung and cardiovascular function, skin cancer progression, intensive care unit mortality, immune system response, and bone density. The meta-analysis showed a significant increase in 25(OH)D blood levels after treatment in 10 studies, with an average standardized mean difference of 2.60 ng/mL (95% CI: 2.07 to 3.13). Their results suggested that a single high dose of VD3 may benefit intensive care unit patients and skin cancer patients in remission. However, evidence for other beneficial health effects of HDVD3 was mixed due to high heterogeneity among studies. CONCLUSIONS A single high dose of VD3 may positively affect some health outcomes in older people, possibly due to its pleiotropic and immunomodulatory effects. However, the evidence needs to be more extensive and consistent, and more rigorous studies are required to confirm the benefits and safety of VD3 high doses in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Owczarek
- Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
- Research and Development Department, Pharmaceutical Works Polpharma S.A. Medana Branch in Sieradz, ul. Łokietka 10, 98-200 Sieradz, Poland
- Industrial Operations Quality Assurance Department, Pharmaceutical Works Polpharma S.A. Medana Branch in Sieradz, ul. Łokietka 8, 98-200 Sieradz, Poland
| | - Anna Ziomkiewicz
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Edyta Łukowska-Chojnacka
- Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
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Tsatsakis A, Renieri E, Tsoukalas D, Buga AM, Sarandi E, Vakonaki E, Fragkiadaki P, Alegakis A, Nikitovic D, Calina D, Spandidos DA, Docea AO. A novel nutraceutical formulation increases telomere length and activates telomerase activity in middle‑aged rats. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:232. [PMID: 37921058 PMCID: PMC10668076 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are major contributors to cell fate and aging through their involvement in cell cycle arrest and senescence. The accelerated attrition of telomeres is associated with aging‑related diseases, and agents able to maintain telomere length (TL) through telomerase activation may serve as potential treatment strategies. The aim of the present study was to assess the potency of a novel telomerase activator on TL and telomerase activity in vivo. The administration of a nutraceutical formulation containing Centella asiatica extract, vitamin C, zinc and vitamin D3 in 18‑month‑old rats for a period of 3 months reduced the telomere shortening rate at the lower supplement dose and increased mean the TL at the higher dose, compared to pre‑treatment levels. TL was determined using the Q‑FISH method in peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from the tail vein of the rats and cultured with RPMI‑1640 medium. In both cases, TLs were significantly longer compared to the untreated controls (P≤0.001). In addition, telomerase activity was increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of both treatment groups. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the nutraceutical formulation can maintain or even increase TL and telomerase activity in middle‑aged rats, indicating a potential role of this formula in the prevention and treatment of aging‑related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Lifeplus S.A., 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet Renieri
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Lifeplus S.A., 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinic for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
- European Institute of Molecular Medicine (EINUMM), I-00198 Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Buga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinic for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Lifeplus S.A., 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Lifeplus S.A., 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athanasios Alegakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Lifeplus S.A., 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Trivedi MK, Mondal S, Gangwar M, Jana S. Effects of Cannabidiol Interactions with CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and Vitamin D 3 Receptors on Spatial Memory, Pain, Inflammation, and Aging in Vitamin D 3 Deficiency Diet-Induced Rats. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:1019-1029. [PMID: 35443806 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The study was planned to investigate memory-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging potential of cannabidiol (CBD) on vitamin D3 deficient diet (VDD)-induced rats. Materials and Methods: Cytochrome P-450 enzymes were analyzed by RT-PCR method and others biomarkers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: CYP2R1 and CYP27B1-mRNA were significantly increased by 39.29 and 38.37%, respectively, while; CYP24A1-mRNA was significantly reduced by 21.39% compared to VDD. Vitamin D3 receptor protein expression was significantly increased by 148.3%, 60.48%, and 142.03% in liver, kidney, and brain, respectively, compared to VDD group. Vitamin D3 metabolites and serotonin were significantly increased more than 60% and 100%, respectively, compared to VDD. Spatial memory (in terms of total distance, escape latency) and pain score were improved compared to VDD. Cytokines were significantly reduced than VDD. Besides, levels of superoxide dismutase (49.61%), glutathione peroxidase (178.87%), acetylcholine (25.40%), and klotho (145.57%) were significantly increased than VDD. Conclusions: Study findings supported that CBD interacts with CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and vitamin D receptors, resulting in increased vitamin D3 metabolites, which improved memory, pain tolerance, reduced inflammation, and aging through modulating antioxidative enzymes, cytokines, and neurotransmitters in VDD-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sambhu Mondal
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
| | - Mayank Gangwar
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
| | - Snehasis Jana
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane, India
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18
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Nowak J, Jabczyk M, Jagielski P, Hudzik B, Brukało K, Borszcz J, Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska B. Could vitamin D concentration be a marker of a long hospital stay in older adults patients? Front Nutr 2023; 10:1277350. [PMID: 37927497 PMCID: PMC10622960 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1277350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Vitamin D plays a pleiotropic role in the human body. Some studies have suggested that hypovitaminosis D may serve as a marker of comorbidity severity and length of hospital stay. Hospitalized older adults patients with a higher comorbidity burden tend to have lower vitamin D status, which negatively impacts the length of their hospital stay. Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a significant risk factor for a prolonged hospital stay. This study aimed to investigate the link between vitamin D status and prolonged hospital stays, focusing on geriatric patients, and to assess the variation in hospitalization duration among geriatric patients with different vitamin D statuses. Methods The study sample comprised of 422 patients aged over 60 years admitted to the geriatric department. Blood samples were collected in the morning on the day of admission. According to the diagnostic threshold defining serum 25(OH)D concentration approved for Central Europe, patients were divided into two groups (deficiency group and suboptimal group). Patients were divided into two groups based on hospitalization duration: the first, "shorter hospitalization," included stays up to 11 days, whereas the second, "longer hospitalization," encompassed stays of 12 days and above. Results In total, 242 Caucasian patients, primarily women (172 women and 70 men), were recruited in the study. Patients with vitamin D deficiency had extended hospital stays compared with those with vitamin D levels below 49.92 nmol/L: 10.0 (8.00-13.00) days vs. 9.00 (8.00-11.00) days, P = 0.044. Hospitalization length (in days) had a negative correlation with vitamin D blood status (nmol/L) (P = 0.0005; R = -0.2243). ROC analysis indicated that patients with vitamin D levels below 31.2 nmol/L had a 47% higher chance of extended hospitalization, whereas those with levels above 31.2 nmol/L had a 77% higher chance of avoiding it. A significant majority of patients with suboptimal 25(OH)D levels experienced shorter hospital stays (≤11 days) than those with vitamin D deficiency (64.6%), P = 0.045. Conclusion The study findings indicate that lower serum levels of 25(OH)D in hospitalized patients within the geriatric department are linked to extended hospital stays. Vitamin D holds potential as a predictor of hospitalization duration in geriatric patients. Nonetheless, further research is imperative to account for additional factors affecting health status and hospitalization duration in older adults individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Nowak
- Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Marzena Jabczyk
- Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Paweł Jagielski
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Hudzik
- Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
- Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Brukało
- Department of Health Policy, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Jakub Borszcz
- Student Scientific Circle Affiliated of Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska
- Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, District Hospital, Piekary Śląskie, Poland
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19
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Meyers E, De Smet E, Vercruysse H, Callens S, Padalko E, Heytens S, Vandekerckhove L, Cools P, Witkowski W. No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1343. [PMID: 37631911 PMCID: PMC10458709 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for various physiological functions, including immunity. While it has been suggested that higher vitamin D levels/supplementation are associated with a better immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, conflicting data exist. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency/supplementation, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses post-vaccination in nursing home residents (NHRs) and staff (NHS). Blood samples were collected from 115 NHRs and 254 NHS at baseline and 14 days after primary course BNT162b2 vaccination. Baseline samples were assessed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, while follow-up samples were analyzed for spike protein S1 receptor-binding domain (S1RBD) IgG antibody concentrations and 50% pseudoneutralization titers. Vitamin D supplementation status was obtained from NHRs medical records. We compared immune responses between (severe) vitamin D-deficient and -sufficient NHRs/NHS and between supplemented and non-supplemented NHRs, stratified for history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and participant type. No significant differences in either binding or neutralizing COVID-19 vaccine antibody response were found between groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 45% (95% CI: 36-54%) among NHRs and 60% (95% CI: 54-66%) among NHS. Although we showed that vitamin D status may not be related to a better COVID-19 vaccine antibody response, addressing the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the nursing home population remains important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Meyers
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.M.)
| | - Evelien De Smet
- HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Steven Callens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elizaveta Padalko
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.M.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Heytens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Linos Vandekerckhove
- HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Cools
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.M.)
| | - Wojciech Witkowski
- HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Park Y, Ah YM, Yu YM. Vitamin D supplementation for depression in older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1169436. [PMID: 37415914 PMCID: PMC10320579 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1169436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In older adults, depression is associated with several other clinical problems such as cognitive impairment and low quality of life. Several studies have evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and depression in older adults; however, the results have been controversial thus far. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptom improvement among individuals aged ≥60 years with or without a diagnosis of depression or depressive symptoms based on a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods RCTs were identified to analyze the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and depressive symptoms. MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, and PsycINFO were systematically searched for relevant articles published from inception to November 2022. RCTs that evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation in participants aged ≥60 years compared to placebo were included. A random effects model was used in this meta-analysis because of the differences between the included RCTs. The quality of the RCTs was assessed using Risk of Bias 2. Results Seven trials were included in the analyses. The primary outcome of pre-post score changes included five trials with a total of 752 participants. The secondary outcome of post-intervention score included all seven trials with a total of 4,385 participants. No significant improvement in depressive symptoms in either pre-post score changes [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.07-0.09; p = 0.10] or post-intervention score (SMD = -0.10; 95% CI -0.28-0.07; p = 0.25) was found. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation in older adults was not associated with an improvement in depressive symptoms. More studies in older adults are needed to evaluate the association between vitamin D supplementation and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjung Park
- Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Ah
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Mi Yu
- Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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21
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Hogarth M, John D, Li Y, Wang-Rodriguez J, Chakladar J, Li WT, Mehta SR, Jain S, Ongkeko WM. Clinical Characteristics and Comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection in the University of California Healthcare Systems. Am J Med Sci 2023:S0002-9629(23)01166-7. [PMID: 37146904 PMCID: PMC10155464 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the degree to which clinical comorbidities or combinations of comorbidities are associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. METHODS A breakthrough infection was defined as a positive test at least 14 days after a full vaccination regimen. Logistic regression was used to calculate aORs, which were adjusted for age, sex, and race information. RESULTS A total of 110,380 patients from the UC CORDS database were included. After adjustment, stage 5 CKD due to hypertension (aOR: 7.33; 95% CI: 4.86-10.69; p<.001; power=1) displayed higher odds of infection than any other comorbidity. Lung transplantation history (aOR: 4.79; 95% CI: 3.25-6.82; p<.001; power= 1), coronary atherosclerosis (aOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.77-2.52; p<.001; power=1), and vitamin D deficiency (aOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.69-2.06; p<.001; power=1) were significantly correlated to breakthrough infection. Patients with obesity in addition to essential hypertension (aOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.51-2.01; p<.001; power=1) and anemia (aOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.47-2.19; p<.001; power=1) were at additional risk of breakthrough infection compared to those with essential hypertension and anemia alone. CONCLUSIONS Further measures should be taken to prevent breakthrough infection for individuals with these conditions, such as acquiring additional doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to boost immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hogarth
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Daniel John
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jessica Wang-Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Pathology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jaideep Chakladar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Wei Tse Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Sanjay R Mehta
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sharad Jain
- The University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Weg M Ongkeko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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22
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Soepnel LM, Mabetha K, Draper CE, Silubonde TM, Smuts CM, Pettifor JM, Norris SA. A Cross-Sectional Study of the Associations between Biomarkers of Vitamin D, Iron Status, and Hemoglobin in South African Women of Reproductive Age: the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative, South Africa. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100072. [PMID: 37180853 PMCID: PMC10134444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency and anemia impact the health of women of reproductive age. Evidence suggests an inverse relationship between serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]) and anemia/iron deficiency, but less is known about these associations in women of reproductive age, in particular in a setting with a combined burden of micronutrient deficiency, food insecurity, and obesity. Objective We aimed to assess the associations between 25(OH)D and biomarkers of iron and anemia in a cohort of women of reproductive age from Soweto, South Africa. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was also assessed. Methods In this cross-sectional substudy of the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI) South Africa pilot trial, 25(OH)D, iron markers (ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor [sTFR]), and altitude-adjusted hemoglobin (Hb) were measured in 493 women aged 18 to 25 years. Associations between iron deficiency/anemia and vitamin D status were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for confounders including fat mass index (FMI). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to evaluate direct and indirect pathways between 25(OH)D, iron and anemia markers, and covariates. Results Of 493 participants, 136 (27.6%) had vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D ≥12-20 ng/mL), whereas 28 (5.6%) had vitamin D deficiency (<12 ng/mL). Anemia and iron deficiency were not significantly associated with vitamin D category (25(OH)D<20 ng/mL compared with ≥20 ng/mL) in multivariable logistic regression analyses. In SEM, log-transformed 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with Hb, ferritin, or sTFR, but it was significantly associated with season of data collection, hormonal contraceptive use, and FMI (total effects: B = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.104, 0.236, P < 0.001; B: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.041, 0.154, P < 0.001; B: -0.01, 95%CI: -0.016, -0.003, P = 0.003, respectively). Conclusion No significant association between vitamin D (25(OH)D), anemia (Hb), and iron markers was found. The inverse relationship between FMI and vitamin D status emphasizes the overlap between adiposity and micronutrient deficiencies in young South African women, exacerbating their risk of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larske M. Soepnel
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Khuthala Mabetha
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Catherine E. Draper
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Takana Mary Silubonde
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Cornelius M. Smuts
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - John M. Pettifor
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shane A. Norris
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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23
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Della Nera G, Sabatino L, Gaggini M, Gorini F, Vassalle C. Vitamin D Determinants, Status, and Antioxidant/Anti-inflammatory-Related Effects in Cardiovascular Risk and Disease: Not the Last Word in the Controversy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040948. [PMID: 37107323 PMCID: PMC10135791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond its key role in calcium homeostasis, vitamin D has been found to significantly affect the cardiovascular (CV) system. In fact, low vitamin D levels have been associated with increased CV risk, as well as increased CV morbidity and mortality. The majority of effects of this molecule are related directly or indirectly to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Generally, vitamin D insufficiency is considered for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between 21-29 ng/mL (corresponding to 52.5-72.5 nmol/L), deficiency as 25(OH)D levels less than 20 ng/mL (<50 nmol/L), and extreme deficiency as 25(OH)D less than 10 ng/mL (<25 nmol/L). However, the definition of an optimal vitamin D status, as defined by 25(OH)D, remains controversial for many extra-bone conditions, including CV disease. In this review, confounding factors affecting the 25(OH)D measurement and status will be discussed. In particular, available evidence on the mechanism and role of vitamin D in relation to CV risk and disease through its antioxidant effect will be reported, also facing the aspect regarding the debate on the minimum blood 25(OH)D level required to ensure optimal CV health.
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24
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Arazo-Rusindo M, Reaño G, Pérez-Bravo F, Castillo-Valenzuela O, Benavides-Valenzuela S, Zúñiga RN, Mariotti-Celis MS. Redesign of an instant legume soup for older adults with increased micronutrients bioaccessibility and adequate sensory attributes by using encapsulation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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25
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Biercewicz M, Kwiatkowska K, Kędziora-Kornatowska K, Krintus M, Ślusarz R, Ruszkowska-Ciastek B. Significant Interactions between Adipokines and Vitamin D Combined with the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Geriatric Case Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062370. [PMID: 36983369 PMCID: PMC10052050 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is an important issue in the worldwide population, especially in older people. According to the World Health Organization data, in 2030, 1 in 6 people in the world will be 60 years old or older. The main storage site for vitamin D is adipose tissue. Further, 25(OH)D regulates the expression of adipogenic genes and apoptosis of adipocytes and directly influences the secretion of the appetite-regulating hormone-leptin. Thus, we investigated the impact of the serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, omentin, ghrelin, visfatin, and biochemical parameters on vitamin D and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in geriatric females. Our studies indicate that the leptin, visfatin and ghrelin are linked with vitamin D concentration and the eGFR rate in the geriatric females. (1) Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in older people, and researchers are looking for a link between vitamin D deficiency and the occurrence of diseases in advanced age. The study aimed to evaluate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and clinical variables in older females. (2) Methods: We investigated the impact of the serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, omentin, ghrelin, visfatin, and biochemical parameters on vitamin D and estimated the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 74 geriatric females. (3) Results: We observed a significantly higher concentration of creatinine and visfatin in the G2 stage (eGFR = 60-89 mL/min./1.73 m2). We performed an additional analysis to exclude the effect of vitamin D supplementation and obtained a significantly higher vitamin D concentration in the G2 stage. We found significantly lower vitamin D concentrations in older people. In addition, in a person with low levels of vitamin D, we observed significantly lower levels of albumin and ghrelin. Older patients (80 to 89 years old) had significantly lower levels of vitamin D, albumin, insulin, HOMA-IR, and ghrelin than younger patients (60 to 69 years old). Spearman's correlations performed to examine the relationship between clinical variables seemed to confirm previous results. According to ROC curve analysis, leptin concentration was the strongest predictor of vitamin D fluctuations (the area under the curve, AUC = 0.685; with 79.5% sensitivity and 51.4% specificity; p = 0.0291). However, visfatin reached the most accurate AUCROC = 0.651 with 84.2% sensitivity and 49.1% specificity for predicting effects on eGFR. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that serum levels of leptin, visfatin, and ghrelin are linked with vitamin D concentration and the eGFR rate in the population of geriatric females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Biercewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krintus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Robert Ślusarz
- Neurological and Neurosurgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Barbara Ruszkowska-Ciastek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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26
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Cobb LH, Bailey VO, Liu YF, Teixido MT, Rizk HG. Relationship of vitamin D levels with clinical presentation and recurrence of BPPV in a Southeastern United States institution. Auris Nasus Larynx 2023; 50:70-80. [PMID: 35659787 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of 25hydroxyvitamin D serum levels with BPPV incidence and recurrence rates. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional, case-controlled study with follow-up phone survey was performed on patients diagnosed with BPPV between 05/2017-05/2020, who had available 25hydroxyvitamin D serology. Patients were seen at a multidisciplinary, vestibular-focused, neurotology clinic at a tertiary referral center. Controls consisted of subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and a locoregional age, sex, and race-matched group of patients from our institution. RESULTS Our BPPV cohort consisted of 173 patients (mean age 66.2 ± 11.8 years), who were predominately female (75.7%) and Caucasian (76.3%). Almost all age subgroups (BPPV, NHANES, and locoregional groups) ≤60 years old had insufficient levels of vitamin D. However, the overall BPPV cohort had a significantly higher vitamin D level than the NHANES control (31.4 ± 16.5 v. 26.0 ± 11.2 ng/mL, d=0.474 [0.323, 0.626]). There was no significant difference when compared to the overall locoregional control (31.4 ± 20.5 ng/mL). Migraines were significantly correlated to increased BPPV recurrence rates on univariate (beta=0.927, p=0.037, 95% CI: [0.057, 1.798]) and multiple regression analyses (beta=0.231, 95% CI: [0.024, 2.029], p=0.045). Furthermore, patients with BPPV recurrences had significantly lower levels of vitamin D at initial presentation when compared to patients with no recurrences (29.0 ± 12.0 v. 37.6 ± 18.3 ng/mL, d=0.571[0.139,1.001]). CONCLUSION Many BPPV patients in our cohort had insufficient vitamin D levels, and patients with BPPV recurrences had insufficient and significantly lower vitamin D levels than those without. As a readily available and affordable supplement, vitamin D may be used as an adjunct treatment but prospective studies should be done to confirm if it can prevent or reduce recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Cobb
- Department of Otolaryngology; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Victoria O Bailey
- Department of Otolaryngology; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Yuan F Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Teixido
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Habib G Rizk
- Department of Otolaryngology; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Nutrition Strategies Promoting Healthy Aging: From Improvement of Cardiovascular and Brain Health to Prevention of Age-Associated Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010047. [PMID: 36615705 PMCID: PMC9824801 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies suggest that diet plays an important role in regulating aging processes and modulates the development of the most important age-related diseases. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the relationship between nutrition and critical age-associated diseases. METHODS A literature review was conducted to survey recent pre-clinical and clinical findings related to the role of nutritional factors in modulation of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and their role in prevention of the genesis of the diseases of aging. RESULTS Studies show that the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive impairment and dementia can be slowed down or prevented by certain diets with anti-aging action. The protective effects of diets, at least in part, may be mediated by their beneficial macro- (protein, fat, carbohydrate) and micronutrient (vitamins, minerals) composition. CONCLUSIONS Certain diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, may play a significant role in healthy aging by preventing the onset of certain diseases and by improving the aging process itself. This latter can be strengthened by incorporating fasting elements into the diet. As dietary recommendations change with age, this should be taken into consideration as well, when developing a diet tailored to the needs of elderly individuals. Future and ongoing clinical studies on complex anti-aging dietary interventions translating the results of preclinical investigations are expected to lead to novel nutritional guidelines for older adults in the near future.
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28
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Karaoglan M, Voegeli D. Is vitamin D supplementation of potential benefit for community-living people with Alzheimer's disease? BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2022; 31:S12-S19. [PMID: 36416632 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2022.31.21.s12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is associated not only with effects on calcium and bone metabolisms but also with many chronic diseases. Low vitamin D levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease have been widely reported in the literature. AIM The purpose of this study was to critically review the potential benefit of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with Alzheimer's disease living in the community. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for papers published 2011-2018. RESULTS Seven papers were selected, consisting of one clinical trial, five cohort studies and one systematic review. Studies showed an association only between vitamin D deficiency and lower attention in older people. None of the reviewed studies provided evidence of a positive impact of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function in older people with Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSION There was no evidence that vitamin D supplementation has a direct benefit for Alzheimer's disease. The review synthesised the existing body of knowledge and concluded that optimum levels of vitamin D (neither too low nor too high) do appear to have positive effects on patient outcomes and quality of life. It is still unclear why vitamin D intake is inadequate as people age. Further research is needed to clarify vitamin-D-related aspects of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Karaoglan
- Time of writing was a Student - MSc Advanced Clinical Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - David Voegeli
- Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton
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29
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Nath K, Tomas AA, Flynn J, Fein JA, Alperovich A, Anagnostou T, Batlevi CL, Dahi PB, Fingrut WB, Giralt SA, Lin RJ, Palomba ML, Peled JU, Salles G, Sauter CS, Scordo M, Fraint E, Feuer E, Shah N, Slingerland JB, Devlin S, Shah GL, Gupta G, Perales MA, Shouval R. Vitamin D Insufficiency and Clinical Outcomes with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Large B-cell Lymphoma. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:751.e1-751.e7. [PMID: 35944603 PMCID: PMC9637764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is a potentially modifiable risk factor for poor outcomes in newly diagnosed large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, the role of circulating vitamin D concentrations in relapsed/refractory LBCL treated with CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) is currently unknown. This was a single-center, observational study that evaluated the association of pre-CAR-T 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) status with 100-day complete response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and CAR-T-related toxicity in 111 adult relapsed/refractory LBCL patients. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as ≤30 ng/mL in accordance with the Endocrine Society guidelines. The median pre-CAR-T 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 24 ng/mL (interquarile range = 18-34). Vitamin D-insufficient patients (≤30 ng/mL; n = 73 [66%]) were significantly younger than their vitamin D-replete (>30 ng/mL; n = 38 [34%]) counterparts (P= .039). The vitamin D-insufficient cohort was enriched for de novo LBCL as the histological subtype (P= .026) and had a higher proportion of tisagenlecleucel as the CAR-T product (P= .049). There were no other significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. In vitamin D-insufficient compared to -replete patients, 100-day complete response was 55% versus 76% (P= .029), and 2-year overall survival was 41% versus 71% (P= .061), respectively. In multivariate analysis, vitamin D insufficiency remained significantly associated with 100-day complete response (odds ratio 2.58 [1.05-6.83]; P= .045) and overall survival (hazard ratio 2.24 [1.08-4.66], P= .030). In recipients of tisagenlecleucel, vitamin D insufficiency was associated with significantly lower cell viability of the infused CAR-T product (P= .015). Finally, pretreatment vitamin D insufficiency did not predict for subsequent CAR-T-related toxicity. This is the first report to demonstrate that vitamin D insufficiency is associated with inferior clinical outcomes in CAR-T recipients. Further study into the mechanistic insights of this finding, and the potential role of vitamin D supplementation to optimize CAR-T are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Nath
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ana Alarcon Tomas
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; PhD Program in Signals Integration and Modulation in Biomedicine, Cell therapy and Translational Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jessica Flynn
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joshua A Fein
- University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Anna Alperovich
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Theodora Anagnostou
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Connie Lee Batlevi
- Department of Medicine, Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Parastoo B Dahi
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Warren B Fingrut
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sergio A Giralt
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Richard J Lin
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - M Lia Palomba
- Department of Medicine, Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan U Peled
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Gilles Salles
- Department of Medicine, Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Craig S Sauter
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael Scordo
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Ellen Fraint
- Department of Pediatrics, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Cellular Therapy, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York
| | - Elise Feuer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nishi Shah
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John B Slingerland
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sean Devlin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gunjan L Shah
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Miguel-Angel Perales
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Roni Shouval
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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Clinical Identification of Hypovitaminosis D among Elderly Attending Primary Care Centre in Saudi Arabia. Res Lett Biochem 2022; 2022:6341645. [PMID: 36276259 PMCID: PMC9581707 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6341645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large proportion of elderly people suffer from hypovitaminosis D, and depending on the severity of the condition, they develop complications that are detrimental to their health. Objective To determine the consistency between the results of the vitamin D level in the blood compared to the result with the score of a simple questionnaire (Physician Vitamin D Status Predictor - VDSP) for elderly patients. Subjects and methods. This is a cross-sectional study conducted during the period between October 2018 and November 2019 in 3 primary health care centres (PHCCs) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The subjects for this study were patients aged 60 or older. Data were collected in two phases: a questionnaire approach as the first phase, while the second phase involved blood testing for vitamin D levels. The validated questionnaire used in this study was the Physician`s Vitamin D Status Predictor (VDSP). Results The study included 335 participants who ranged between 60 and 107 years old with a mean age of 68.2 years and standard deviation (SD) of 7.3 years. Females represented 66.9% of the total participants. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 60.8%; among them, 7.2% were categorized as severe deficiency, whereas the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was 29.9%. The outcomes of VDSP survey were not directly associated with serum 25(OH)D levels in elderly people, except for the number of medications. In addition, vitamin D supplementation was associated with serum 25(OH)D levels among those patients. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D levels. Moreover, this study showed a significant association between serum 25(OH)D levels and the number of medications taken by the participants.
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Association between lower serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults: data from a populational-based cohort study in a middle-income country. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:2507-2516. [PMID: 34689855 PMCID: PMC9991716 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) (25(OH)D) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults living in Southern Brazil. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis using data from the second follow-up wave of the populational-based EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study was collected in 2013-2014. SETTING Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin D concentrations using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Vitamin D concentrations were distributed in quartiles (Q1: 4·0-20·7 ng/ml; Q2: 20·8-26·6 ng/ml; Q3: 26·7-32·0 ng/ml and Q4: 32·1-60·1 ng/ml), and its association with cognitive impairment was tested by crude and adjusted logistic regression (sociodemographic, behavioural and health aspects) using Q4 as a reference group. PARTICIPANTS 200 men and 371 women aged 60 years or older participated in this study. RESULTS The prevalence of probable cognitive impairment was 21·7 %. Those without cognitive impairment had a higher mean of vitamin D serum concentrations (26·8 v. 24·6, P = 0·014). In the crude analysis, only individuals in Q2 of vitamin D presented an increased risk for probable cognitive impairment compared with Q4 (highest quartile) (OR 2·65, 95 % CI 1·46, 4·81), remaining significant in the adjusted analysis (OR 6·04, 95 % CI 2·78, 13·13). While Q1 (lowest quartile) was not associated in the crude analysis, but when adjusted, an increased risk of cognitive impairment was observed. CONCLUSION The lowest quartile of vitamin D was directly associated with probable cognitive impairment in older adults in Southern Brazil. More studies are needed to investigate whether maintaining adequate serum levels may represent a significant factor in preventing age-related neurological disorders as well as to verify the need for new cutoff points for this age group.
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Fath MK, Naderi M, Hamzavi H, Ganji M, Shabani S, Ghahroodi FN, Khalesi B, Pourzardosht N, Hashemi ZS, Khalili S. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of different vitamins and minerals in COVID-19 patients. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127044. [PMID: 35901669 PMCID: PMC9297660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading disease, which has caught the world by surprise. Millions of people suffer from illness, and the mortality rates are dramatically high. Currently, there is no specific and immediate treatment for this disease. Remedies are limited to supportive regiments and few antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. The lack of a definite cure for COVID-19 is the reason behind its high mortality and global prevalence. COVID-19 can lead to a critical illness with severe respiratory distress and cytokine release. Increased oxidative stress and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines are vital components of severe COVID-19. Micronutrients, metalloids, and vitamins such as iron, manganese, selenium, Zinc, Copper, vitamin A, B family, and C are among the essential and trace elements that play a pivotal role in human nutrition and health. They participate in metabolic processes that lead to energy production. In addition, they support immune functions and act as antioxidants. Therefore, maintaining an optimal level of micronutrients intake, particularly those with antioxidant activities, is essential to fight against oxidative stress, modulate inflammation, and boost the immune system. Therefore, these factors could play a crucial role in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. In this review, we aimed to summarize antiviral properties of different vitamins and minerals. Moreover, we will investigate the correlation between them and their effects in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Naderi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hosna Hamzavi
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ganji
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Shabani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Noorabad Ghahroodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran. Iran.
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
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ALbuloshi T, Kamel AM, Spencer JPE. Factors Associated with Low Vitamin D Status among Older Adults in Kuwait. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163342. [PMID: 36014846 PMCID: PMC9414672 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D levels among older people represent a significant health problem worldwide. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in older people (aged ≥ 65) in the Kuwaiti population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (analyzed using LC-MS) classified as sufficiency 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL) or deficiency < 75 nmol/L (below 30 ng/mL). The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with participants in geriatric clinics. Binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to assess factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be present in two thirds of the participants (n = 150, 63%), with a higher prevalence of deficiency in participants who did not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08−0.7], p = 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35−20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake (OR = 0.9, 95% C.I. [0.85−0.96], p = 0.001) were risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was found between vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (OR = 1.16, 95% C.I. [1.04−1.31], p = 0.016). These findings support the recommendation that vitamin D supplementation and adequate sunlight exposure are necessary for raising low vitamin D levels in older people in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thurayya ALbuloshi
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
- Palliative Care Center, Kuwait, Ministry of Health, Al Sabah Medical Area, P.O. Box 5, Kuwait City 13001, Kuwait
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.P.E.S.)
| | - Ahmed M. Kamel
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University|Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Jeremy P. E. Spencer
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (J.P.E.S.)
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Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12670. [PMID: 35879377 PMCID: PMC9310683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways. We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70–95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the solute carrier family 25 (SCL25A24) gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt pathway and general cancer processes. To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D3 can be monitored.
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Vitamin D and Bone Health of Older Adults within Care Homes: An Observational Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132680. [PMID: 35807859 PMCID: PMC9268702 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited studies have reported vitamin D status and health outcomes in care home residents, a group at risk of vitamin D deficiency. This study investigated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentrations in older adults within care homes in Northern Ireland (NI) and its association with musculoskeletal health (ultrasound T-score, muscle strength, Timed Up & Go test (TUG)), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and immune function markers. A total of 87 participants were recruited with mean ± SD age 83.2 ± 7.9 years. Mean ± SD serum 25-OHD concentration (n 69) was 49.52 ± 35.58 nmol/L. Vitamin D deficiency (25-OHD <25 nmol/L) was observed in 34.8% (n 24) of participants with 17.4% (n 12) classified as insufficient (25-OHD 25−50 nmol/L) and 47.8% (n 33) as sufficient (25-OHD >50 nmol/L). 25-OHD concentration was not an independent predictor of T-score, muscle strength, TUG, or inflammatory cytokines. After adjusting for covariates, a significant negative association was observed between 25-OHD concentration and the BTMs; osteocalcin (β = −0.395; p = 0.001), procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP) (β = −0.320; p = 0.012), and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) (β = −0.377; p = 0.003). Higher 25-OHD concentration was positively associated with use of vitamin D ± calcium supplementation (β = 0.610; p < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were highly prevalent in this sample of care home residents in NI. Higher 25-OHD concentration was associated with greater supplement use and with reduced bone turnover, which in this population is linked with reduced bone loss. These findings emphasize the need for a mandatory vitamin D ± calcium supplementation policy specific for care home residents.
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Iakovou E, Kourti M. A Comprehensive Overview of the Complex Role of Oxidative Stress in Aging, The Contributing Environmental Stressors and Emerging Antioxidant Therapeutic Interventions. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:827900. [PMID: 35769600 PMCID: PMC9234325 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.827900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging is a normal, inevitable, irreversible, and progressive process which is driven by internal and external factors. Oxidative stress, that is the imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant molecules favoring the first, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of aging and comprises one of the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related diseases. However, the oxidative stress theory of aging has not been successfully proven in all animal models studying lifespan, meaning that altering oxidative stress/antioxidant defense systems did not always lead to a prolonged lifespan, as expected. On the other hand, animal models of age-related pathological phenotypes showed a well-correlated relationship with the levels of prooxidant molecules. Therefore, it seems that oxidative stress plays a more complicated role than the one once believed and this role might be affected by the environment of each organism. Environmental factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, and an unbalanced diet, have also been implicated in the pathophysiology of aging and seem to initiate this process more rapidly and even at younger ages. Aim The purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the physiology of aging and the effect of certain environmental factors in initiating and sustaining this process. Understanding the pathophysiology of aging will contribute to the development of strategies to postpone this phenomenon. In addition, recent studies investigating ways to alter the antioxidant defense mechanisms in order to prevent aging will be presented. Conclusions Careful exposure to harmful environmental factors and the use of antioxidant supplements could potentially affect the biological processes driving aging and slow down the development of age-related diseases. Maybe a prolonged lifespan could not be achieved by this strategy alone, but a longer healthspan could also be a favorable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evripides Iakovou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Malamati Kourti
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- *Correspondence: Malamati Kourti
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Esposti LD, Perrone V, Sella S, Arcidiacono G, Bertoldo F, Giustina A, Minisola S, Napoli N, Passeri G, Rossini M, Giannini S. The Potential Impact of Inducing a Restriction in Reimbursement Criteria on Vitamin D Supplementation in Osteoporotic Patients with or without Fractures. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091877. [PMID: 35565842 PMCID: PMC9105449 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In October 2019, the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA) restricted reimbursement criteria for vitamin D (VD) use outside the osteoporosis setting (Note 96). However, whether this restriction could also have involved patients at risk for or with osteoporotic fractures has not yet been investigated. We retrospectively analyzed databases from five Italian Local Health Units. Patients aged ≥50 years with either at least one prescription for osteoporosis treatment or with fragility fractures and evidence of osteoporosis from 2011 to 2020 were included. The proportion of subjects with an interruption in VD treatment before and after the introduction of the new reimbursement criteria and predictors of this interruption were analyzed. A total of 94,505 patients (aged 69.4 years) were included. Following the introduction of Note 96, a 2-fold (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.92–2.04) increased risk of VD discontinuation was observed. These findings were independent of seasonal variation, osteoporosis treatment patterns, as well as other confounding variables. However, a higher rate of interruption was observed in patients without vertebral/femur fracture (37.8%) vs. those with fracture (32.9%). Rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia and previous fracture were associated with a lower risk of VD interruption, while stroke increased the risk of VD interruption. Our results highlight that a possible misinterpretation of newly introduced criteria for reimbursement restrictions in VD outside of osteoporosis have resulted in an inadequate level of VD supplementation in patients with osteoporosis. This undertreatment could reduce the effect of osteoporosis therapies leading to increased risk of negative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Degli Esposti
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Valentina Perrone
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Stefania Sella
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaetano Arcidiacono
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Francesco Bertoldo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Hospital AOUI, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Hospital, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Unit of Clinica e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Rossini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sandro Giannini
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498212169
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Parant F, Bouloy J, Haesebaert J, Bendim’red L, Goldet K, Vanhems P, Henaff L, Gilbert T, Cuerq C, Blond E, Bost M, Bonnefoy M. Vitamin D and COVID-19 Severity in Hospitalized Older Patients: Potential Benefit of Prehospital Vitamin D Supplementation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081641. [PMID: 35458203 PMCID: PMC9031320 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies involving the associations between vitamin D supplementation taken before the onset of COVID-19 infection and the clinical outcomes are still scarce and this issue remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the relationships between vitamin D (VitD) status and supplementation and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in older adults (average age of 78 years) hospitalized for COVID-19. We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study with 228 older hospitalized patients during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The outcomes were in-hospital mortality secondary to COVID-19 or critically severe COVID-19. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to test whether pre-hospital VitD supplementation was independently associated with severity. In this study, 46% of patients developed a severe form and the overall in-hospital mortality was 15%. Sixty-six (29%) patients received a VitD supplement during the 3 months preceding the infection onset. Additionally, a VitD supplement was associated with fewer severe COVID-19 forms (OR = 0.426, p = 0.0135) and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (OR = 0.341, p = 0.0076). As expected, age > 70 years, male gender and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 were independent risk factors for severe forms of COVID-19. No relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and the severity of the COVID-19 was identified. VitD supplementation taken during the 3 months preceding the infection onset may have a protective effect on the development of severe COVID-19 forms in older adults. Randomized controlled trials and large-scale cohort studies are necessary to strengthen this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Parant
- Biology Center South, Hôpital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France; (F.P.); (C.C.); (E.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Justin Bouloy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (T.G.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-6-68-41-83-65
| | - Julie Haesebaert
- Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Public Health Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 69002 Lyon, France;
- RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Performance Inserm U1290, Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lamia Bendim’red
- Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility-Hôpital des Charpennes, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (L.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Karine Goldet
- Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility-Hôpital des Charpennes, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (L.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Philippe Vanhems
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; (P.V.); (L.H.)
- ICIR-International Center for Infectiology Research (Team PHE3ID), Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laetitia Henaff
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France; (P.V.); (L.H.)
- ICIR-International Center for Infectiology Research (Team PHE3ID), Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Gilbert
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (T.G.); (M.B.)
- RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Performance Inserm U1290, Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Cuerq
- Biology Center South, Hôpital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France; (F.P.); (C.C.); (E.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Emilie Blond
- Biology Center South, Hôpital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France; (F.P.); (C.C.); (E.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Muriel Bost
- Biology Center South, Hôpital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France; (F.P.); (C.C.); (E.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Marc Bonnefoy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (T.G.); (M.B.)
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Acen EL, Biraro IA, Bbuye M, Kateete DP, Joloba ML, Worodria W. Hypovitaminosis D among newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients and their household contacts in Uganda. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5296. [PMID: 35351933 PMCID: PMC8964708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An estimated one billion people globally live with hypovitaminosis D. Studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for active tuberculosis (TB) disease. The aim of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and TB status among patients with active TB, latent TB infection (LTBI) and those without TB infection. In a cross-sectional study of active TB patients, LTBI, QuantiFERON GOLD testpositive and (QFN+TST+) household contact and controls QuantiFERON GOLD testnegative (QFN-TST-) samples vitamin D levels were compared. Vitamin D status was determined by measurement of total vitamin D levels with 56 samples of active TB patients, 17 with LTBI, and 22 without TB infection using electrochemiluminescence. The median interquartile range (IQR) age of the study participants was 28 (20-35) years, and the majority (63%) were females. The median (IQR) vitamin D levels were 18 ng/ml (14-24). All groups had vitamin D hypovitaminosis with significantly lower levels among active TB patients (17 ng/ml, 13, 2) than among LTBI individuals (23 ng/ml 16-29) and those without TB infection (22 ng/ml, 17-28).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Lilian Acen
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Irene Andia Biraro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Unit Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Mudarshiru Bbuye
- Makerere Lung Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Patrick Kateete
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses L Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - William Worodria
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
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Influence of exercise and vitamin D on the immune system against Covid-19: an integrative review of current literature. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1725-1737. [PMID: 35258807 PMCID: PMC8902492 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections of viral origin have become the leading cause of infectious diseases in the world. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has challenged the entire global health system, since Covid-19 has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as age, genetics, nutritional status, physical status, as well as environmental factors. Despite scientific advances, so far, there is still no specific therapy for the disease. Thus, this study aims to analyze the contribution of physical exercise and maintenance and/or supplementation of vitamin D to the strengthening of the immune system against viral infections, among them, Covid-19. Regular practice of moderate-intensity physical activity is responsible for promoting a reduction in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β), as well as triggering the increase in the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). In addition, hypovitaminosis D predisposes to the development of chronic diseases and infections. Therefore, in patients affected by Covid-19, the maintenance of vitamin D levels contributes significantly to the 0prevention of the cytokine storm. Thus, the association between maintaining vitamin D levels and performing moderate-intensity physical exercise is responsible for strengthening the immune system and, therefore, triggering a defense mechanism against infections by intracellular microorganisms, in which SARS -CoV-2.
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Oshiro CE, Hillier TA, Edmonds G, Peterson M, Hill PL, Hampson S. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Hawaii: Levels and sources of serum vitamin D in older adults. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23636. [PMID: 34213035 PMCID: PMC8720322 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the major sources of vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)] and evaluate their collective role on rates of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency among older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and sources of vitamin D (self-reported and objectively validated sun exposure, supplementation, food including fortified sources). Study subjects were part of the Hawaii Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health who completed a clinic visit between 55 and 65 years (M = 59.6) and food frequency questionnaire, and provided serum to assay 25(OH)D (n = 223). RESULTS Although mean serum 25(OH)D levels were overall sufficient (34.3 ng/ml, [SD = 10.9]), over one-third of participants (38%) had vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (<30 ng/ml). Asians were the most likely to be insufficient and Filipinos were the least likely (43% vs. 11%, respectively). Overall, supplement use and sun exposure were both associated with higher 25(OH)D levels and lower risk of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. Moreover, Vitamin D sources varied by race/ethnic groups. In multivariate models, higher body mass index, being Asian or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, low supplement use, and low sun exposure were associated with higher risk for vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (<30 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS Over 1/3 of the older adult sample was vitamin D deficient/insufficient, despite most of the participants living in a tropical climate with year-round access to sun as a vitamin D source. Sun exposure and supplement use, but not food intake, explained differences in vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn E. Oshiro
- Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Center for Integrated Health Care Research, 501 Alakawa St. Suite 201, Honolulu, HI 96817
| | - Teresa A. Hillier
- Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Center for Integrated Health Care Research, 501 Alakawa St. Suite 201, Honolulu, HI 96817,Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N. Interstate Avenue, Portland, OR 97227-1098
| | - Grant Edmonds
- Oregon Research Institute, 1776 Millrace Dr., Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Missy Peterson
- Oregon Research Institute, 1776 Millrace Dr., Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Patrick L. Hill
- Washington University, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1125, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Sarah Hampson
- Oregon Research Institute, 1776 Millrace Dr., Eugene, OR 97403
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Zaromytidou E, Koufakis T, Dimakopoulos G, Drivakou D, Konstantinidou S, Antonopoulou V, Grammatiki M, Manthou E, Iakovou I, Gotzamani-Psarrakou A, Kotsa K. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic status of elderly people with prediabetes: a 12-month open-label, randomized-controlled study. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:89-97. [PMID: 35167764 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2043153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the efficacy of vitamin D in improving the glycemic status of elderly people with prediabetes are scarce. This open-label, randomized-controlled trial investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic markers of Greek people with prediabetes aged 60 years or above, over 12 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomized to a weekly vitamin D3 dose of 25,000 IU (n = 45) or nothing (n = 45), on top of lifestyle measures. Anthropometric and glycemic markers were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS Supplemented participants demonstrated a significant increase in 25(OH)D concentrations at 3, 6, and 12 months compared to baseline . In the intervention group, fasting glucose was decreased at 6 months compared to baseline (96.12 ± 5.51 vs 103.40 ± 12.05 mg/dl, p < 0.01) and glycated hemoglobin was significantly lower at 6 and 12 months compared to baseline [5.82 ± 0.21% vs 5.87 ± 0.21%, p = 0.004 and 5.80 ± 0.23% vs 5.87 ± 0.21%, p < 0.001, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D could be complementary to lifestyle change strategy for the management of prediabetes in the elderly. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN51643592.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theocharis Koufakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimakopoulos
- Medical Statistics, Epirus Science and Technology Park Campus of the University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Despina Drivakou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Antonopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Grammatiki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Manthou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Iakovou
- Second Academic Nuclear Medicine Department, Academic General Hospital of Thessaloniki "AHEPA" Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Vitamin D Is Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040878. [PMID: 35215528 PMCID: PMC8878051 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been associated with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease. This study aims to identify the prevalence of VD deficiency in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and its association with treatment response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), cirrhosis development, and liver-related events (mortality and liver transplantation). Two hundred and fifty-five patients with PBC diagnosis were evaluated. Patients with VD levels below 50 nmol/L were defined as deficient. Treatment response to UDCA was defined according to the Toronto criteria. Independent risk factors were identified using binary logistic and Cox regression analysis. The mean level of serum VD was 77 ± 39 nmol/L, and 64 patients (25%) were VD deficient. Incomplete response to UDCA was more prevalent in VD-deficient patients compared to their counterparts (45% vs. 22%; p < 0.001). The risk of cirrhosis development (hazard ratio (HR) 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–3.19, p = 0.01) and liver-related mortality or need for liver transplantation (HR 3.33, 95% CI, 1.57–7.07, p = 0.002) was higher in VD-deficient patients after adjusting for confounders. Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in patients with PBC and is associated with incomplete response to UDCA, cirrhosis development, and liver-related mortality or need for liver transplantation.
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Al Saedi A, Sharma S, Bani Hassan E, Chen L, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Hassanzadeganroudsari M, Gooi JH, Stavely R, Eri R, Miao D, Nurgali K, Duque G. Characterization of Skeletal Phenotype and Associated Mechanisms With Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in the Winnie Mouse Model of Spontaneous Chronic Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:259-272. [PMID: 34347076 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, studies have been scarce, mainly because of the lack of an appropriate animal model of colitis-associated bone loss. In this study, we aimed to decipher skeletal manifestations in the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis, which carries a MUC2 gene mutation and closely replicates ulcerative colitis. In our study, Winnie mice, prior to the colitis onset at 6 weeks old and progression at 14 and 24 weeks old, were compared with age-matched C57BL/6 controls. We studied several possible mechanisms involved in colitis-associated bone loss. METHODS We assessed for bone quality (eg, microcomputed tomography [micro-CT], static and dynamic histomorphometry, 3-point bending, and ex vivo bone marrow analysis) and associated mechanisms (eg, electrochemical recordings for gut-derived serotonin levels, real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR], double immunofluorescence microscopy, intestinal inflammation levels by lipocalin-2 assay, serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D) from Winnie (6-24 weeks) and age-matched C57BL6 mice. RESULTS Deterioration in trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture, reductions in bone formation, mineral apposition rate, bone volume/total volume, osteoid volume/bone surface, and bone strength were observed in Winnie mice compared with controls. Decreased osteoblast and increased osteoclast numbers were prominent in Winnie mice compared with controls. Upregulation of 5-HTR1B gene and increased association of FOXO1 with ATF4 complex were identified as associated mechanisms concomitant to overt inflammation and high levels of gut-derived serotonin in 14-week and 24-week Winnie mice. CONCLUSIONS Skeletal phenotype of the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis closely represents manifestations of IBD-associated osteoporosis/osteopenia. The onset and progression of intestinal inflammation are associated with increased gut-derived serotonin level, increased bone resorption, and decreased bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebrahim Bani Hassan
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Ghasem-Zadeh
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Medicine and Endocrinology, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan H Gooi
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Calcium Research Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Janjusevic M, Gagno G, Fluca AL, Padoan L, Beltrami AP, Sinagra G, Moretti R, Aleksova A. The peculiar role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Life Sci 2022; 289:120193. [PMID: 34864062 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone with both genomic and non-genomic actions. It exerts its activity by binding vitamin D receptor (VDR), which belongs to the superfamily of nuclear receptors and ligand-activated transcription factors. Since VDR has been found in various tissues, it has been estimated that it regulates approximately 3% of the human genome. Several recent studies have shown pleiotropic effects of vitamin D in various processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, DNA repair and apoptosis and its involvement in different pathophysiological conditions as inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. It has been suggested that vitamin D could play an important role in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders. Moderate to strong associations between lower serum vitamin D concentrations and stroke and cardiovascular events have been identified in different analytic approaches, even after controlling for traditional demographic and lifestyle covariates. The mechanisms behind the associations between vitamin D and cerebrovascular and cardiologic profiles have been widely examined both in animal and human studies. Optimization of vitamin D levels in human subjects may improve insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function and lower levels of inflammatory markers. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that altered gene expression of VDR and 1,25D3-membrane-associated rapid response steroid-binding (1,25D3-MARRS) receptor influences the role of vitamin D within neurons and allows them to be more prone to degeneration. This review summarizes the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying vitamin D signaling and the consequences of vitamin D deficiency in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milijana Janjusevic
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Gagno
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lucia Fluca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Padoan
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Maria della Misericordia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Paolo Beltrami
- Clinical Pathology Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC) and Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neurology, Neurological Clinic, Complex Case Section, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
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Ghaderi A, Kashani A, Shamollaghamsari S, Mohammadi A, Banafshe H. A cross-sectional study on the association between oral health and vitamin D levels in methadone maintenance treatment program of Iranian population. INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/iahs.iahs_162_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ali D, Tencerova M, Figeac F, Kassem M, Jafari A. The pathophysiology of osteoporosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes in aging women and men: The mechanisms and roles of increased bone marrow adiposity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:981487. [PMID: 36187112 PMCID: PMC9520254 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.981487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Osteoporosis incidence increases with age in both post-menopausal women and aging men. Among other important contributing factors to bone fragility observed in osteoporosis, that also affect the elderly population, are metabolic disturbances observed in obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These metabolic complications are associated with impaired bone homeostasis and a higher fracture risk. Expansion of the Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue (BMAT), at the expense of decreased bone formation, is thought to be one of the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying osteoporosis and bone fragility in obesity and T2D. Our review provides a summary of mechanisms behind increased Bone Marrow Adiposity (BMA) during aging and highlights the pre-clinical and clinical studies connecting obesity and T2D, to BMA and bone fragility in aging osteoporotic women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
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Arazo-Rusindo MC, Zúñiga RN, Cortés-Segovia P, Benavides-Valenzuela S, Pérez-Bravo F, Castillo-Valenzuela O, Mariotti-Celis MS. Nutritional Status and Serum Levels of Micronutrients in an Elderly Group Who Participate in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM) from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010003. [PMID: 35010878 PMCID: PMC8746835 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the Chilean elderly population has promoted public policies to favor an adequate nutrition in later life. This study evaluated the nutritional status, micronutrients intake and serum micronutrients levels of an elderly group beneficiary of the PACAM from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile. Anthropometric and dietary survey (24 h food recalls) were assessed in 182 elderly individuals (60 and 80 years old). Blood serum collection was used to measure the micronutrient status. The sample was comprised by 12.6%, 46.1%, 28.0% and 13.2% of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese subjects, respectively. Women presented 11% of underweight, 45% of normal weight and 44% of overweight and obese, while men—18%, 50% and 32%, respectively. Only the 63% of the elderlies consumed PACAM foods, reaching average daily intakes below (50%) the recommended daily serving. Serum deficiencies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (88%), vitamin B12 (33%) and calcium (36%) were observed, being the highest ones in the PACAM foods women (60–75 years old). Chilean elderlies presented mainly a normal weight; however, an important proportion of overweight/obese subjects was observed. Although PACAM foods consumption significantly increased the micronutrient intake, it was not enough to ensure an adequate serum micronutrient levels in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migdalia Caridad Arazo-Rusindo
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (M.C.A.-R.); (R.N.Z.)
| | - Rommy N. Zúñiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (M.C.A.-R.); (R.N.Z.)
| | - Pablo Cortés-Segovia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics School, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Santiago 7501015, Chile;
| | - Sergio Benavides-Valenzuela
- Núcleo de Investigación en Agroalimentos y Nutrición Aplicada, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Camino a las Mariposas s/n, Chillan 3780000, Chile;
| | - Francisco Pérez-Bravo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830489, Chile
- Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 7830489, Chile
- Correspondence: (F.P.-B.); (O.C.-V.); (M.S.M.-C.)
| | - Oscar Castillo-Valenzuela
- Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics School, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Santiago 7501015, Chile;
- Correspondence: (F.P.-B.); (O.C.-V.); (M.S.M.-C.)
| | - María Salomé Mariotti-Celis
- Faculty of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics School, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Santiago 7501015, Chile;
- Correspondence: (F.P.-B.); (O.C.-V.); (M.S.M.-C.)
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Giudici KV, de França NAG, Peters BSE, Fisberg RM, Martini LA. Associations between markers of glucose metabolism and bone measures among diabetic and non-diabetic adults. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1247-1255. [PMID: 34900776 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationships between bone measures, vitamin D status and markers of glucose metabolism among diabetic and non-diabetic adults. Methods Cross sectional study with 298 adults (mean age 57.5 years, SD = 14.8; 44.3% male, 16.9% diabetic) participants of the Health Survey-São Paulo (ISA-Capital) 2014-2015. Blood samples were collected to assess serum glucose, insulin and 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed to determine total body fat; total lean mass; full body bone mineral density (BMD); lumbar spine BMD and bone mineral content (BMC); and femur BMD and BMC. Fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and of β-pancreatic cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated. Linear regression analysis were performed. Results Multiple bone measures were associated with markers of glucose metabolism in analyses adjusted by age and sex. However, after additional adjustments by LMI, FMI and serum 25(OH)D, only associations of lumbar spine BMC with HOMA-IR (β = 0.167; p = 0.035) and QUICKI (β = -1.879; p = 0.027) persisted, in the subgroup of diabetic participants. Analysis restricted to diabetic subjects revealed stronger correlations between bone parameters and markers of glucose metabolism. Conclusions Our study observed positive associations between BMD and markers of insulin resistance among a sample of adults. Correlations were stronger among diabetic subjects, and some associations between bone and glucose metabolism were independent of adiposity. Findings reinforce the need of further research for better understanding the bidirectional and multifactorial crosstalk between glucose homeostasis and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Virecoulon Giudici
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP Zip Code 01246-904 Brazil.,Present Address: Institute of Aging (Gerontopole), Toulouse University Hospital (CHU), Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Natasha Aparecida Grande de França
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP Zip Code 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Bárbara Santarosa Emo Peters
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP Zip Code 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP Zip Code 01246-904 Brazil
| | - Lígia Araújo Martini
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP Zip Code 01246-904 Brazil
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Azzam AY, Ghozy S, Azab MA. Vitamin D and its' role in Parkinson's disease patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A review article. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY : ADVANCED TECHNIQUES AND CASE MANAGEMENT 2021; 27:101441. [PMID: 34868885 PMCID: PMC8627384 DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus reportedly called 2019-nCoV started to spread around the world at the end of 2019. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was later renamed after links with SARS were observed. Multiple studies have reported possible connections between the COVID-19 virus and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease. Theories support that vitamin D deficiency plays a part in the pathogenicity of Parkinson's disease or the credibility of the associated dopamine system. Administration of vitamin D3 was shown to significantly enhance the motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease and enhance the quality of life. Also, multiple recent reviews have shown specific ways in which vitamin D reduces the risk of pathogenic infections. Recent studies supported the potential role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of COVID-19 infections and mortality. On the immunological level, immune response regulation remains one of the well-recognized actions of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to complications in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease. Whereas more studies are required, Vitamin D supplementation with a moderate and well-calculated dosage of vitamin D3 in patients with Parkinson's disease can help minimize the risk and burden of COVID-19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Y Azzam
- October 6 University Faculty of Medicine, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherief Ghozy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohammed A Azab
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
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