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Kong P, Rosnan SM, Enomae T. Carboxymethyl cellulose-chitosan edible films for food packaging: A review of recent advances. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122612. [PMID: 39245494 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based edible films have been widely developed as food packaging materials in response to the rising environmental concerns caused by the extensive use of plastic packaging. In recent years, the integration of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CS) for a binary edible film has received considerable interest because this binary edible film can retain the advantages of both constituents (e.g., the great oxygen barrier ability of CMC and moderate antimicrobial activity of CS) while mitigating their respective disadvantages (e.g., the low water resistance of CMC and poor mechanical strength of CS). This review aims to present the latest advancements in CMC-CS edible films. The preparation methods and properties of CMC-CS edible films are comprehensively introduced. Potential additives and technologies utilized to enhance the properties are discussed. The applications of CMC-CS edible films on food products are summarized. Literature shows that the current preparation methods for CMC-CS edible film are solvent-casting (main) and thermo-mechanical methods. The CMC-CS binary films have superior properties compared to films made from a single constituent. Moreover, some properties, such as physical strength, antibacterial ability, and antioxidant activity, can be greatly enhanced via the incorporation of some bioactive substances (e.g. essential oils and nanomaterials). To date, several applications of CMC-CS edible films in vegetables, fruits, dry foods, dairy products, and meats have been studied. Overall, CMC-CS edible films are highly promising as food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifu Kong
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Shalida Mohd Rosnan
- College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Toshiharu Enomae
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
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2
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Jiang W, Lei Q, Gao W, Sun X, Qiao C, Shan X, Tang Y, Zuo Y, Wang X, Han T, Wei W, Zhang D. Maternal smoking during pregnancy could accelerate aging in the adulthood: evidence from a perspective study in UK Biobank. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175150. [PMID: 39089379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is significantly linked to the short- or long-term health of offspring. However, little research has examined whether MSDP affect the aging rate of offspring. METHODS This study used questionnaires to determine out whether the participants' mothers smoked when they were pregnant. For evaluating aging rate, we used the following several outcome measures: telomere length, frailty index, cognitive function, homeostatic dysregulation score, KDM-age, age-related hospitalization rate, premature death, and life expectancy. RESULT After adjusting for covariates, we found that the offspring of the MSDP group had significantly shorter telomere length in adulthood by 0.8 % (β = -0.008,95%CI:-0.009 to -0.006) compared with non-MSDP group. Compared to the non-MSDP group, participants in MSDP group showed higher levels of homeostatic dysregulation (β = 0.015,95%CI: 0.007-0.024) and were frailer (β = 0.008,95%CI:0.007-0.009). The KDM age increased by 0.100 due to MSDP (β = 0.100,95 % CI:0.018-0.181), and the age acceleration of KDM algorithm also increases significantly (β = 0.101, 95%CI:0.020-0.183). Additionally, we found that the risk of aging-related hospitalizations was significantly higher than the non-MSDP group by 10.4 %(HR = 1.104,95%CI:1.066-1.144). Moreover, MSDP group had a 12.2 % increased risk of all-cause premature mortality (HR = 1.122,95%CI:1.064-1.182) and a significant risk of lung cancer-specific premature mortality increased by 55.4 %(HR = 1.554,95%CI:1.346-1.793). In addition, participants in the MSDP group had significantly decreased cognitive function and shorter life expectancies than those in non-MSDP group. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated a significant association between MSPD and accelerated aging, elevated hospitalization rates, increased premature mortality rates, and reduced life expectancies in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China; Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Qianqian Lei
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Conghui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xinyu Shan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yiwei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yingdong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zhao M. Food systems for long-term spaceflight: Understanding the role of non-nutrient polyphenols in astronauts' health. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37452. [PMID: 39391512 PMCID: PMC11466544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Manned space exploration missions have developed at a rapid pace, with missions to Mars likely to be in excess of 1000 days being planned for the next 20 years. As such, it is important to understand and address the challenges that astronauts face, such as higher radiation exposure, altered gravity, and isolation. Meanwhile, until now the formulation of space food systems has not focused on non-nutrients, and has not considered issues arising from their absence during space missions or the possibility of them to solve the challenges caused by space hazards. Aims This study investigates, by systematic review, current space food systems and the potential for non-nutrients, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, to counteract radiation- and low gravity-induced degeneration of bone, vision, muscle strength, immune function and cognition. Results and discussion A systematic approach found 39 related animal model studies, and that polyphenol dietary interventions have been shown to mitigate radiation-related physiological problems and cognitive decline, as well as reduce the implications of radiotherapy. From the results of these studies, it appears that berry extracts have a significant effect on preventing cognitive problems through attenuating the expression of NADPH-oxidoreductase-2 (NOX2) and cycloocygenase-2 (COX2) in both frontal cortex and hippocampus and immune system problems caused by radiation similar to that experienced in space. For physiological problems like alteration of blood-testicular barrier permeability and oxidative stress in kidney and liver caused by gamma rays and X-rays, various polyphenol compounds including resveratrol and tea polyphenols have a certain degree of protective effect like enhancing metabolism of heart and decreasing DNA damage respectively. Due to the lack of quantitative studies and the limited number of relevant studies, it is impossible to compare which polyphenol compounds are more effective. Only one study showed no difference in the performances of a blueberry extract-fed group and a control group exposed to Fe irradiation after 12 months. Conclusion In conclusion, current animal studies have shown that polyphenols can mitigate radiation damage to some extent, but more research is needed to enable the application of a polyphenol diet to actual space flights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Zhao
- School of Health, Tianhua College, Shanghai Normal University, 201800, Shanghai, China
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Moss R, Stright A, Baxter L, McSweeney MB. How do consumers discuss the texture of frozen blueberries? An investigation using word association, hedonic scales and rate-all-that-apply. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39394813 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavour, texture, and extended shelf life are key quality traits for blueberries. Studies have used trained panelists and texture analysers to evaluate frozen blueberries. However, more studies are needed to investigate consumer perception and acceptance of frozen blueberries' texture. This study used word association, hedonic scales, and rate-all-that-apply to evaluate how consumers perceive the texture of frozen blueberries. RESULTS Consumers were interested in the firmness of frozen blueberries, as well as crunchiness, softness, juiciness, and smoothness. They also identified the textural descriptors mushy, tough, chewy, squishy, and mealy. The participants separated the wild blueberries from the cultivated blueberries when evaluating their liking. Textural attributes were correlated with the consumers' overall liking (juicy, firm, crunchy, smooth positively and mushy, tough, squishy negatively). CONCLUSION This study identified which textural attributes influence consumers' liking of frozen blueberries. Consumers preferred frozen blueberries that were firm, juicy and crunchy. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Moss
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - Allison Stright
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - Laura Baxter
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
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Golmohammadi M, Attari VE, Salimi Y, Nachvak SM, Samadi M. The effect of MIND diet on sleep status, anxiety, depression, and cardiometabolic indices in obese diabetic women with insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial {1}. Trials 2024; 25:660. [PMID: 39370509 PMCID: PMC11457347 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a plant-based and anti-inflammatory diet that has the ability to protect and manage cardiovascular and nervous system diseases. Regarding that insomnia and cardiovascular problems are x`common in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the present study will assess the effectiveness of the MIND dietary pattern on sleep quality, cardiometabolic indicators, and other psychological indicators. METHODS Forty-four overweight/obese T2DM women with insomnia, aged 30-65 years, will voluntarily participate in this randomized controlled trial and will be randomized to receive either a MIND low-calorie diet (MLCD) or a low-calorie diet (LCD) over a 3-month period. Before and after the study, sleep quality, some biochemical and cardiometabolic indices, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and oxidative stress indicators will be assessed. DISCUSSION The use of dietary interventions in the management of T2DM complications is practical and safe. This research seeks to investigate the capacity of the MIND diet in the management of insomnia and cardiovascular problems of DM. It is expected that the results of this research will provide new perspectives on using an ideal dietary regimen to treat these health conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20181111041611N8. Registered on August 7, 2023. https://www.irct.ir/trial/71772.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Golmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh Attari
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehnoosh Samadi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Singh H, Mishra AK, Mohanto S, Kumar A, Mishra A, Amin R, Darwin CR, Emran TB. A recent update on the connection between dietary phytochemicals and skin cancer: emerging understanding of the molecular mechanism. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:5877-5913. [PMID: 39359831 PMCID: PMC11444613 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Constant exposure to harmful substances from both inside and outside the body can mess up the body's natural ways of keeping itself in balance. This can cause severe skin damage, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma. However, plant-derived compounds found in fruits and vegetables have been shown to protect against skin cancer-causing free radicals and other harmful substances. It has been determined that these dietary phytochemicals are effective in preventing skin cancer and are widely available, inexpensive, and well-tolerated. Studies have shown that these phytochemicals possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiangiogenic properties that can aid in the prevention of skin cancers. In addition, they influence crucial cellular processes such as angiogenesis and cell cycle control, which can halt the progression of skin cancer. The present paper discusses the benefits of specific dietary phytochemicals found in fruits and vegetables, as well as the signaling pathways they regulate, the molecular mechanisms involved in the prevention of skin cancer, and their drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
| | | | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka
| | - Arvind Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Amrita Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam downtown University, Panikhaiti, Gandhinagar, Guwahati, Assam
| | | | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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7
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Zhang C, Shi S, Feng J, Wang T, Liang Y, Du T, Wang J, Zhang W. Cu(II)-chelated ovalbumin mimicking the active centre of superoxide dismutase: Structure, antioxidant and antibacterial properties for food preservation application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134090. [PMID: 39053832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic browning and microbial contamination of food threaten food sensory and safety. With the development of green and healthy concepts, there is a greater need for efficient, low-carbon antioxidant and antimicrobial strategies. In this study, we designed a nano-enzyme with antioxidant activities and biocompatibility. By mimicking the active center of the natural SOD enzyme, copper (Cu) and ovalbumin (OVA) were self-assembled to form Cu-nano-polymerised sheet (Cu-NPS), in which OVA as a scaffold carries cofactors to create the active sites, making the nanoenzymes compatible with the antioxidant activity and antimicrobial properties of Cu, and at the same time possessing good stability and biocompatibility. These properties enable Cu-NPS to have a broader application range, for removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and broad-spectrum sterilization. Subsequently, Cu-NPS was doped into carrageenan (Carr) to form a nanocomposite film, effectively inhibiting enzymatic browning and microbial contamination. In this work, protein-based mimetic enzymes as artificial nanoenzymes have advantages over natural enzymes, and the Cu-NPS with simple synthesis, high stability, and diverse properties, provides new ideas for the design of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jianxing Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanmin Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Saxe-Custack A, Egan S, Farmer B, Pulka K, Sampson A. Caregiver-reported barriers to engagement in a paediatric fresh fruit and vegetable prescription programme. J Nutr Sci 2024; 13:e33. [PMID: 39314532 PMCID: PMC11418078 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2024.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Paediatric fruit and vegetable prescription programmes hold promise in improving food security and dietary patterns among youth. However, programme success is largely dependent upon caregiver and family engagement. The current study sought to gain a better understanding of environmental barriers to engagement in a paediatric fruit and vegetable prescription programme in one low-income, urban community (Flint, Michigan, USA). Following the implementation of a paediatric fruit and vegetable prescription programme, researchers conducted thirty-two semi-structured interviews with caregivers. Researchers explored caregivers' understanding of the fruit and vegetable prescription programme, barriers to programme engagement, and recommendations for improvement. Telephone interviews were transcribed for textual analysis. Researchers used thematic analysis to examine qualitative data, determine patterns across transcripts, and develop emerging themes. Researchers concluded interviews when data saturation was reached. The majority of participants were female (94%), African American (66%), and residents of Flint (72%). Five recurrent themes emerged: (1) nutrition security; (2) prescription distribution; (3) prescription redemption; (4) educational supports; and (5) programme modifications. Although caregivers indicated that the prescription programme addressed household food insecurity, environmental barriers to engagement were apparent. Caregivers provided suggestions, such as partnering with large grocery stores and developing digital prescriptions, to address programme engagement challenges. Fundamental to the success of fruit and vegetable prescription programmes is the understanding of barriers to engagement from the perspective of participants. This study explores challenges with one paediatric fruit and vegetable prescription programme and provides actionable solutions, from the viewpoint of caregivers, to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Saxe-Custack
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University–Hurley Children’s Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Egan
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University–Hurley Children’s Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Bridget Farmer
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University–Hurley Children’s Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Kimberly Pulka
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University–Hurley Children’s Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Anna Sampson
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University–Hurley Children’s Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Flint, MI, USA
- Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Cao Y, Tan YJ, Huang D. Anti-inflammation Mechanisms of Flavones Are Highly Sensitive to the Position Isomers of Flavonoids: Acacetin vs Biochanin A. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39287184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Acacetin (ACA) and biochanin A (BCA) are isomeric monomethoxyflavones with different structural positions of the 4'-methoxy-phenyl group. Both of them are present in many commonly consumed foods, such as citrus fruits and vegetables, and have been discovered with anti-inflammatory activities, but their mechanisms of action are not clearly elucidated at the molecular level. Herein, we reported the structure-activity relationship of ACA and BCA regarding their potency in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production, proinflammatory enzyme expression, and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis was conducted to map out the overall pathways impacted by these two isomers. Our results showed that ACA possessed higher suppressive activity in nitric oxide (NO) production (IC50 = 23.93 ± 1.74 μM for ACA and IC50 = 71.41 ± 8.07 μM for BCA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA expression, but lower inhibitory activity in IL-6 mRNA expression as compared with BCA. Although two compounds were revealed to bind to c-Src protein according to drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and western blotting results, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that they had different binding sites, which subsequently resulted in different signaling transduction. ACA primarily exerted anti-inflammatory activity through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 signaling pathway, while BCA was particularly involved in the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, and the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. Moreover, two isomers remained stable in the cell culture medium and did not encounter the biotransformation process in RAW 264.7 cells. However, BCA exhibited insufficient cellular uptake ability and transport efficiency in macrophages compared to ACA. Taken together, ACA is more promising for controlling inflammation and worthy of further study for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Yee Joo Tan
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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10
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Trandafir AV, Lotrean LM. Assessing through a longitudinal study of dietary habits among Romanian school children: effects of COVID-19 pandemic as well as of a school based educational program for promotion of healthy nutrition. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03492-x. [PMID: 39287641 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The outbreak of COVID-19 has forced implementation of safety measures, leading to changes in people's lives. This study investigated several dietary habits among Romanian children before and during the pandemic. Also, it assessed the effectiveness of an educational program promoting healthy diet and evaluated factors influencing certain eating habits. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted in schools. Students were assigned to Control and Intervention groups. Data were collected at baseline (T1) (October -November 2019, 880 children) and post-intervention (T2) (December 2020-February 2021, 484 students). 350 children participated in both assessments. RESULTS Baseline measurements revealed inadequate consumptions of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and increased intake of soft drinks and sweets. At follow-up, the Intervention showed significant improvements on average intake of fruits and vegetables and in children eating ≥ 5 servings/day, compared to its baseline. Regarding self-perceptions on dietary habits during confinement, children from both groups reported healthier behaviors, with a significant decrease of comfort food. Compared to the Control group, Intervention increased its average intake of fruits and vegetables, consumed more ≥ 5 portions/day, reduced the number ≥ 2 cups/day of carbonated beverages and ≥ 3 portions/day of sweets. Age, gender, weight management, body mass index were associated with dietary habits at T1. Age, gender, Intervention group, weight management influenced eating patterns at T2. Eating behaviors at T1 influenced dietary habits at T2. CONCLUSION Our program demonstrated positive changes in students' dietary habits, despite challenges of COVID-19. Results highlight the role of health education and emphasize the importance of integrating such programs consistently in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda-Valentina Trandafir
- Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Lucia Maria Lotrean
- Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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11
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Yu S, Deng R, Wang W, Zou D, He L, Wei Z, Pan Y, Li X, Wu Y, Wang A, Chen W, Zhao Y, Lu Y. Pharmacological manipulation of TRPC5 by kaempferol attenuates metastasis of gastrointestinal cancer via inhibiting calcium involved in the formation of filopodia. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4922-4940. [PMID: 39309444 PMCID: PMC11414399 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The thermo-sensory receptor, transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5), a non-selective calcium ion (Ca2+)-permeable ion channel, has been implicated in cancer initiation and progression. However, its specific role in gastrointestinal cancer remains unclear. This study demonstrates that TRPC5 is significantly overexpressed in gastrointestinal tumors and is inversely associated with patient prognosis. TRPC5 overexpression triggers a substantial elevation in intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i), driving actin cytoskeleton reorganization and facilitating filopodia formation. Furthermore, kaempferol, a compound sourced from traditional Chinese medicine, is identified as a TRPC5 inhibitor that effectively suppresses its activity, thereby impeding gastrointestinal cancer metastasis. These findings underscore the potential of TRPC5 as a therapeutic target for metastasis inhibition, with kaempferol emerging as a promising natural inhibitor that could be optimized for clinical use in preventing cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Defang Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanhong Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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12
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Minuti A, Trainito A, Gugliandolo A, Anchesi I, Chiricosta L, Iori R, Mazzon E, Calabrò M. Bioactivated Glucoraphanin Modulates Genes Involved in Necroptosis on Motor-Neuron-like Nsc-34: A Transcriptomic Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1111. [PMID: 39334770 PMCID: PMC11428517 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on bioactive compounds has grown recently due to their health benefits and limited adverse effects, particularly in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions. According to these observations, this study investigates the activity of sulforaphane (RS-GRA) on an in vitro model of differentiated NSC-34 cells. We performed a transcriptomic analysis at various time points (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) and RS-GRA concentrations (1 µM, 5 µM, and 10 µM) to identify molecular pathways influenced by this compound and the effects of dosage and prolonged exposure. We found 39 differentially expressed genes consistently up- or downregulated across all conditions. Notably, Nfe2l2, Slc1a5, Slc7a11, Slc6a9, Slc6a5, Sod1, and Sod2 genes were consistently upregulated, while Ripk1, Glul, Ripk3, and Mlkl genes were downregulated. Pathway perturbation analysis showed that the overall dysregulation of these genes results in a significant increase in redox pathway activity (adjusted p-value 1.11 × 10-3) and a significant inhibition of the necroptosis pathway (adjusted p-value 4.64 × 10-3). These findings suggest RS-GRA's potential as an adjuvant in neurodegenerative disease treatment, as both increased redox activity and necroptosis inhibition may be beneficial in this context. Furthermore, our data suggest two possible administration strategies, namely an acute approach with higher dosages and a chronic approach with lower dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Minuti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Trainito
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ivan Anchesi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Renato Iori
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Calabrò
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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13
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Purpura M, Jäger R, Godavarthi A, Bhaskarachar D, Tinsley GM. Liposomal delivery enhances absorption of vitamin C into plasma and leukocytes: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03487-8. [PMID: 39237620 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE L-Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in various physiological functions, including immune health. The stability of vitamin C in the gastrointestinal tract its bioavailability is limited. This study aimed to investigate if a liposomal form of vitamin C can increase absorption compared to standard vitamin C. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion, 19 males and 8 females (n = 27; 36.0 ± 5.1 years, 165.0 ± 6.9 cm, 70.6 ± 7.1 kg) ingested a single-dose of placebo (PLA), 500 mg vitamin C (VIT C), and 500 mg liposomal vitamin C (LV-VIT C, LipoVantage®, Specnova, LLC, Tyson Corner, VA, USA). Venous blood samples were collected 0, 0.5-, 1-, 1.5-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 12-, and 24-hours after ingestion and were analyzed for plasma and leukocyte vitamin C concentration. RESULTS VIT C and LV-VIT C demonstrated significantly greater Cmax and AUC0 - 24 in plasma and in leukocytes compared to placebo (p < 0.001). Additionally, LV-VIT C had significantly higher Cmax (plasma + 27%, leukocytes + 20%, p < 0.001) and AUC0 - 24 (plasma + 21%, leukocytes + 8%, p < 0.001) values as compared to VIT C. CONCLUSION Liposomal formulation of vitamin C increases absorption into plasma and leukocytes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry - India (CTRI/2023/04/051789).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, 730 E Carlisle Ave, Whitefish Bay, WI, 53217, USA.
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, 730 E Carlisle Ave, Whitefish Bay, WI, 53217, USA
| | | | - Dhananjaya Bhaskarachar
- Department of Medicine, Shetty's Hospital, 2nd F Main Rd, Kaveri Nagar, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 068, India
| | - Grant M Tinsley
- Energy Balance & Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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14
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Connolly EL, Liu AH, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Shafaei A, Boyce MC, Wood LG, McCahon L, Koch H, Sim M, Hill CR, Parmenter BH, Bondonno NP, Devine A, Croft KD, Mithen R, Gan SK, Schultz CJ, Woodman RJ, Bondonno CP, Lewis JR, Hodgson JM, Blekkenhorst LC. Cruciferous vegetables lower blood pressure in adults with mildly elevated blood pressure in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial: the VEgetableS for vaScular hEaLth (VESSEL) study. BMC Med 2024; 22:353. [PMID: 39218859 PMCID: PMC11367748 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in observational studies. The pathways involved remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether cruciferous vegetable intake (active) lowers 24-h brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP; primary outcome) compared to root and squash vegetables (control) in Australian adults with mildly elevated BP (SBP 120-160 mmHg inclusive). METHODS In this randomized, controlled, crossover trial, participants completed two 2-week dietary interventions separated by a 2-week washout. Cruciferous vegetables were compared to root and squash vegetables (~ 300 g/day) consumed with lunch and dinner meals. Participants were blinded to which interventions were the active and control. Adherence was assessed using food diaries and biomarkers (S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO, active) and carotenoids (control)). Twenty-four-hour brachial ambulatory SBP and secondary outcomes were assessed pre- and post each intervention. Differences were tested using linear mixed effects regression. RESULTS Eighteen participants were recruited (median (IQR) age: 68 (66-70); female: n = 16/18; mean ± SD clinic SBP: 135.9 ± 10.0 mmHg). For both interventions, 72% participants had 100% adherence (IQR: 96.4-100%). SMCSO and carotenoids were significantly different between interventions (mean difference active vs. control SMCSO: 22.93 mg/mL, 95%CI 15.62, 30.23, P < 0.0001; carotenoids: - 0.974 mg/mL, 95%CI - 1.525, - 0.423, P = 0.001). Twenty-four-hour brachial SBP was significantly reduced following the active vs. control (mean difference - 2.5 mmHg, 95%CI - 4.2, - 0.9, P = 0.002; active pre: 126.8 ± 12.6 mmHg, post: 124.4 ± 11.8 mmHg; control pre: 125.5 ± 12.1 mmHg, post: 124.8 ± 13.1 mmHg, n = 17), driven by daytime SBP (mean difference - 3.6 mmHg, 95%CI - 5.4, - 1.7, P < 0.001). Serum triglycerides were significantly lower following the active vs. control (mean difference - 0.2 mmol/L, 95%CI - 0.4, - 0.0, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Increased intake of cruciferous vegetables resulted in reduced SBP compared to root and squash vegetables. Future research is needed to determine whether targeted recommendations for increasing cruciferous vegetable intake benefits population health. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registry ACTRN12619001294145. https://www.anzctr.org.au.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Connolly
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alex H Liu
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Mary C Boyce
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, New Lambton Heights, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyn McCahon
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Henrietta Koch
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Marc Sim
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Caroline R Hill
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Parmenter
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amanda Devine
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kevin D Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard Mithen
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Seng Khee Gan
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Carl J Schultz
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard J Woodman
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Blank-Landeshammer B, Schwarzinger B, Arnaut V, Gramatte T, Drotarova I, Feichtinger M, Röhrl C, Weghuber J. Targeted and untargeted screening of a plant extract library established from raw materials originating from Upper Austria. Food Chem 2024; 451:139419. [PMID: 38677134 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Plant extracts rich in phytochemicals are known for their health benefits. Plant extract library from edible plants obtained from the region of Upper Austria was prepared. Food grade extraction procedures were applied, and relevant physico-chemical parameters measured. A focus on polyphenolic compounds revealed a significant correlation between the total phenolic content (measured by a colorimetric assay) and the cumulated concentration of main individual polyphenols (measured by HPLC-DAD), demonstrating the comparability of these parameters. Targeted screening was performed by HPLC-FLD and -MS for the presence of phytomelatonin. 20 extracts were identified with concentrations of up to 1.4 µg/mL of this phytochemical, which attracts much attention from the food industry. Finally, chemometric methods were employed to cluster extracts based on their phenolic compound profile. This approach allows for an informed preselection of extracts without the need for comprehensive chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Verena Arnaut
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Theresa Gramatte
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Ivana Drotarova
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Michaela Feichtinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, Stelzhamerstraße 23, Wels 4600, Austria; FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430, Austria.
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16
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Chou PJ, Peter RM, Shannar A, Pan Y, Dave PD, Xu J, Sarwar MS, Kong AN. Epigenetics of Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: Fact or Fiction. Cancer J 2024; 30:320-328. [PMID: 39312452 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cancer development takes 10 to 50 years, and epigenetics plays an important role. Recent evidence suggests that ~80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiation/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic "epigenetic modifiers" will be logical. Many dietary phytochemicals possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that are hallmarks of cancer prevention. Dietary phytochemicals can regulate gene expression of the cellular genome via epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we will summarize preclinical studies that demonstrate epigenetic mechanisms of dietary phytochemicals in skin, colorectal, and prostate cancer prevention. Key examples of the importance of epigenetic regulation in carcinogenesis include hypermethylation of the NRF2 promoter region in cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of NRF2-ARE signaling. Many dietary phytochemicals demethylate NRF2 promoter region and restore NRF2 signaling. Phytochemicals can also inhibit inflammatory responses via hypermethylation of inflammation-relevant genes to block gene expression. Altogether, dietary phytochemicals are excellent candidates for cancer prevention due to their low toxicity, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and powerful epigenetic effects in reversing procarcinogenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
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17
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Chen C, Dong J, Liu H, Ma T, Sun Y. Associations between dietary iron intake from different sources and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2024; 33:413-423. [PMID: 38965729 PMCID: PMC11389813 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.202409_33(3).0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a worldwide public health problem. Current evidence on the association between dietary iron intake and the risk of NAFLD is limited. The present study aimed to investigate the associations of animal-derived dietary iron (ADDI) intake, plant-derived dietary iron (PDDI) intake, and the ratio of PDDI:ADDI with NAFLD risk among U.S. adult population. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN This was a repeated cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. NAFLD was defined as a United States Fatty Lives Index ≥30, and dietary iron intake was assessed through two 24-h dietary recall in-terviews. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to examine the associations between dietary iron intake from different sources and NAFLD risk. RESULTS A total of 9478 participants aged ≥20 years were enrolled in the present study. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, relative to the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of NAFLD for the highest quartile was 1.01(95% CI, 0.82-1.24) for ADDI intake, 0.82 (95% CI, 0.64-0.99) for PDDI intake, and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.81-1.24) for the PDDI: ADDI intake ratio. In stratified analysis by sex and age, the significantly negative associations of PDDI intake with NAFLD was observed in women and participants older than 45 years. Dose-response analyses indicated that NAFLD was negatively associated with PDDI intake in a non-linear manner. CONCLUSIONS PDDI intake was negatively associated with NAFLD in U.S. adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjing Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhong Dong
- Department of Laboratory, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haihong Liu
- Community Health Service Center, Shibei District, Qingdao, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yongye Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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18
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Gu X, Gao P, Shen Y, Lu L. Intact fruit intake is nonlinear inversely associated with visceral adipose tissue area in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Res 2024; 129:28-37. [PMID: 39181064 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a crucial role in leading to obesity-related diseases. However, the association between fruit intake (excluding fruit juice) and VAT is not well-known. We aim to further explore this association in a large population. We hypothesized that higher intact fruit intake would be inversely associated with VAT. A total of 9582 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Food Patterns Equivalents Database 2011-2018 were included. Weighted linear regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between intact fruit intake (from two 24-hour dietary recalls) and VAT area (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Subgroup analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the results. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to find the nonlinear association. The median of intact fruit intake was 0.32 cup-equivalent (eq)/d, and the mean of VAT was 104.87 ± 1.23 cm2. Intact fruit intake (increased by 1 cup-eq/d) demonstrated an inverse association with VAT area across three adjusted models, with β(95% confidence interval) values of -7(-8.49, -5.51), -6(-7.50, -4.51), and -3.02(-4.11, -1.94) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no interactions were found among age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and physical activity subgroups. Restricted cubic spline revealed the inverse association was more significant when intact fruit intake was less than 1.7 cups-eq/d. These findings suggest that increasing intact fruit consumption could be an effective public health strategy to mitigate VAT accumulation and associated health risks, advancing our understanding of dietary impacts on adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leiqun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Khademian A, Noormohammadi M, Moori MH, Makhtoomi M, Esmaeilzadeh S, Nouri M, Eslamian G. The association between dietary phytochemical index and bacterial vaginosis risk: secondary analysis of case-control study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:135. [PMID: 39217390 PMCID: PMC11366148 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION By studying the dietary habits of patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and the controls, we aim to find out whether the dietary intakes of phytochemicals could reduce the odds of BV. To the best of our knowledge, no study has ever examined the matter before. Therefore, we decided to conduct this secondary analysis of case-control study to examine the association between dietary phytochemicals and BV. METHOD This case-control study was conducted at the gynecological clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital using a convenience sampling method from November 2020 to June 2021. To diagnose BV, all participants underwent examination by a gynecologist, assessing the presence of 3 or 4 criteria from the Amsel criteria. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. The phytochemical index was determined using McCarty's method. To assess the association between dietary phytochemical intake and the odds of BV, binary logistic regression was utilized. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, the association between phytochemical index and BV remained significant (odds ratio (OR) = 0.349, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.176-0.695, p-value = 0.003). Furthermore, each unit increase in fat intake was associated with higher odds of BV (OR = 1.008, 95% CI: 1.002-1.014, p-value = 0.006), and a positive family history of BV continued to show significantly increased odds of BV (OR = 3.442, 95% CI: 2.068-5.728, p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION In summary, the findings of this study indicate that increased consumption of dietary phytochemicals is associated with a reduced risk of BV among Iranian women of reproductive age. Additional research, especially longitudinal dietary studies, is required to explore the potential impact of dietary modifications on BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynaz Khademian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Morvarid Noormohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Public Health Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Hafizi Moori
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maede Makhtoomi
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Ghazaleh Eslamian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Hu F, Qin W, Xu L. Association between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity among Chinese Rural Older Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:2830. [PMID: 39275148 PMCID: PMC11397048 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global population is aging rapidly, leading to an increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and CMM among Chinese rural older adults. METHODS The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method and a total of 3331 rural older adults were ultimately included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between the latent dietary patterns and CMM. RESULTS The prevalence of CMM among rural older adults was 44.64%. This study identified four potential categories: "Low Consumption of All Foods Dietary Pattern (C1)", "High Dairy, Egg, and Red Meat Consumption, Low Vegetable and High-Salt Consumption Dietary Pattern (C2)", "High Egg, Vegetable, and Grain Consumption, Low Dairy and White Meat Consumption Dietary Pattern (C3)" and "High Meat and Fish Consumption, Low Dairy and High-Salt Consumption Dietary Pattern (C4)". Individuals with a C3 dietary pattern (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.98; p = 0.028) and a C4 dietary pattern (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.97; p = 0.034) significantly reduced the prevalence of CMM compared with the C1 dietary pattern. CONCLUSIONS Rural older adults have diverse dietary patterns, and healthy dietary patterns may reduce the risk of CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Hu
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenzhe Qin
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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21
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Tang R, Lin L, Liu Y, Li H. Bibliometric and visual analysis of global publications on kaempferol. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1442574. [PMID: 39221164 PMCID: PMC11362042 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1442574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in numerous foods and medicinal plants, offers a range of health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Methods Herein, a bibliometric and visual analysis of global publications on kaempferol was performed to map the evolution of frontiers and hotspots in the field. Using the search string TS = kaempferol, bibliometric data for this analysis was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database and analyzed using the VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica software. Results As a result, by February 26, 2024, 11,214 publications were identified, comprising articles (n = 10,746, 96%) and review articles (n = 468, 4%). Globally, the annual number of kaempferol publications surpassed 100 per year since 2000, exceeded 500 per year since 2018, and further crossed the threshold of 1,000 per year starting in 2022. The major contributing countries were China, the United States of America, and India, while the top three institutes of the citations of kaempferol were the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Consejo Superio de Investigaciones Cientficas, and Uniersidade do Porto. These publications were mainly published in agricultural and food chemistry journals, food chemistry, and phytochemistry. Discussion The keywords frequently mentioned include phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, flavonoids, NF-kappa B, inflammation, bioactive compounds, etc. Anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-cancer have consistently been the focus of kaempferol research, while cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, antiviral, and anti-bacterial effects have emerged as recent highlights. The field of kaempferol research is thriving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Industry, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
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22
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Hadkar VM, Mohanty C, Selvaraj CI. Biopolymeric nanocarriers in cancer therapy: unleashing the potency of bioactive anticancer compounds for enhancing drug delivery. RSC Adv 2024; 14:25149-25173. [PMID: 39139249 PMCID: PMC11317881 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03911d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective cancer treatment is becoming a global concern, and recent developments in nanomedicine are essential for its treatment. Cancer is a severe metabolic syndrome that affects the human population and is a significant contributing factor to deaths globally. In science, nanotechnology offers rapidly developing delivery methods for natural bioactive compounds that are becoming increasingly prominent and can be used to treat diseases in a site-specific way. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are conventional approaches for preventing cancer progression and have adverse effects on the human body. Many chemically synthesized drugs are used as anticancer agents, but they have several side effects; hence, they are less preferred. Medicinal plants and marine microorganisms represent a vast, mostly untapped reservoir of bioactive compounds for cancer treatment. However, they have several limitations, including nonspecific targeting, weak water solubility and limited therapeutic potential. An alternative option is the use of biopolymeric nanocarriers, which can generate effective targeted treatment therapies when conjugated with natural anticancer compounds. The present review focuses on biopolymeric nanocarriers utilizing natural sources as anticancer drugs with improved tumor-targeting efficiency. This review also covers various natural anticancer compounds, the advantages and disadvantages of natural and synthetic anticancer compounds, the problems associated with natural anticancer drugs and the advantages of biopolymeric nanocarriers over synthetic nanocarriers as drug delivery agents. This review also discusses various biopolymeric nanocarriers for enhancing the controlled delivery of anticancer compounds and the future development of nanomedicines for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrushali Manoj Hadkar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chirasmita Mohanty
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chinnadurai Immanuel Selvaraj
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, VIT School of Agricultural Sciences and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), VIT Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India
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23
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Lehto E, Uusitalo L, Saari T, Rahkonen O, Erkkola M, Nevalainen J. Association between work-related factors and health behaviour clusters among Finnish private-sector service workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:641-650. [PMID: 38713282 PMCID: PMC11245410 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined how work-related factors associate with several health behaviours that appear together among the large, but less-studied, blue- and pink-collar worker group, which is characterized by low education and income levels. METHODS In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among private sector service workers (n = 5256) in Finland. We applied two-step cluster analysis to identify groups on the basis of leisure-time physical activity, sleep adequacy, frequency of heavy drinking, smoking status, and frequency of fruit, vegetable and berry consumption. We examined the associations with work-related factors, using multinomial regression analyses and adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS We identified six clusters labelled as Moderately Healthy (28% of the participants), Healthy - Vigorous Exercise (19%), Sedentary Lifestyle (16%), Inadequate Sleep (15%), Mixed Health Behaviours (15%), and Multiple Risk Behaviours (8%). Those who perceived their work to be mentally or physically strenuous more commonly belonged to the Inadequate Sleep and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. Time pressure made belonging to the Inadequate Sleep, Mixed Health Behaviours, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters more likely. Those who were dissatisfied with their work more often belonged to the Healthy - Vigorous Exercise, Inadequate Sleep, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. CONCLUSION In addition of finding several considerably differing health behaviour clusters, we also found that adverse working conditions were associated with clusters characterized by multiple risk behaviours, especially inadequate sleep. Private-sector service workers' working conditions should be improved so that they support sufficient recovery, and occupational health services should better identify co-occurring multiple risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elviira Lehto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Liisa Uusitalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Saari
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Work Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Nevalainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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24
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Park Y, Park K. Phytochemical Index and the Risk of Gastritis/Gastric Ulcer among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2514. [PMID: 39125393 PMCID: PMC11314585 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods have potential protective effects against various diseases, including gastric disorders. This study aimed to analyze the longitudinal association between phytochemical intake and the risk of gastritis/gastric ulcer in Korean adults. This was a prospective cohort study, a community-based cohort conducted as part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, examining the association between phytochemical intake and the risk of gastritis/gastric ulcer in Korean adults. Dietary information was collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the phytochemical index (PI) was calculated. The study included 7377 Korean men and women aged 40-69 years without gastritis/gastric ulcer at baseline of the Korea Association Resource study in Korea. The incidence of gastritis/gastric ulcer was determined using a survey questionnaire administered by trained staff. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval to determine the association between PI and risk of gastritis/gastric ulcer. During the median follow-up period of 9.50 years, 729 cases were reported. The fully adjusted model showed a significantly lower risk of gastritis/gastric ulcer in the highest PI quartile compared to the lowest (hazard ratio: 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.61-0.98), and this association was linear (p for trend = 0.01). This research indicates that incorporating foods abundant in phytochemicals into one's diet could be associated with a reduced risk of developing gastritis/gastric ulcers. These findings underscore the importance of further investigating the role of phytochemical-rich diets in gastrointestinal health, as demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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25
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Prasad RV, Dhital S, Williamson G, Barber E. Nutrient Composition, Physical Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Spinach-Enriched Wheat Bread. Foods 2024; 13:2401. [PMID: 39123592 PMCID: PMC11312006 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food innovation that utilises agricultural waste while enhancing nutritional value is important for waste valorisation and consumer health. This study investigated incorporating spinach (Spinacia oleracea), as a model leafy agricultural waste, into wheat bread. We analysed the nutrient content, colour, texture, sensory attributes and purchase/consume intention ratings. Adding 10-40% spinach (w/w) yielded loaves with similar heights but significantly different colour and texture (p < 0.05) from white bread. Increasing spinach decreased total carbohydrates (including starch) while significantly increasing other nutrients (protein, fibre, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, calcium, vitamins A, C, E, folate, niacin, pyridoxine, nitrate/nitrite and polyphenols) (p < 0.05). Spinach addition increased bread porosity, linked to higher pasting parameters (peak, trough, breakdown, final and setback viscosity) with reduced pasting time and temperature. Texture analysis resulted in decreased hardness, chewiness, gumminess and firmness while increasing cohesiveness, with maximum resilience at 20% spinach enrichment. Sensory analysis with 21 untrained panellists revealed decreased visual appeal, less preferred taste, odour and overall liking (p < 0.05) with increasing spinach, with no significant difference in texture acceptance, but the 20% enrichment had comparable acceptance to white bread. Enriching staple foods like bread with leafy vegetable waste offers a promising approach for increasing daily vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritnesh Vishal Prasad
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Sushil Dhital
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, 631 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Barber
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, 631 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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26
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Márquez-Garbán DC, Yanes CD, Llarena G, Elashoff D, Hamilton N, Hardy M, Wadehra M, McCloskey SA, Pietras RJ. Manuka Honey Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Progression in Preclinical Models. Nutrients 2024; 16:2369. [PMID: 39064812 PMCID: PMC11279598 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Manuka honey (MH) exhibits potential antitumor activity in preclinical models of a number of human cancers. Treatment in vitro with MH at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 5.0% (w/v) led to significant dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, but anti-proliferative effects of MH were less pronounced in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Effects of MH were also tested on non-malignant human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) at 2.5% w/v, and it was found that MH reduced the proliferation of MCF-7 cells but not that of HMECs. Notably, the antitumor activity of MH was in the range of that exerted by treatment of MCF-7 cells with the antiestrogen tamoxifen. Further, MH treatment stimulated apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in vitro, with most cells exhibiting acute and significant levels of apoptosis that correlated with PARP activation. Additionally, the effects of MH induced the activation of AMPK and inhibition of AKT/mTOR downstream signaling. Treatment of MCF7 cells with increased concentrations of MH induced AMPK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner that was accompanied by inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR downstream effector protein S6. In addition, MH reduced phosphorylated STAT3 levels in vitro, which may correlate with MH and AMPK-mediated anti-inflammatory properties. Further, in vivo, MH administered alone significantly inhibited the growth of established MCF-7 tumors in nude mice by 84%, resulting in an observable reduction in tumor volume. Our findings highlight the need for further research into the use of natural compounds, such as MH, for antitumor efficacy and potential chemoprevention and investigation of molecular pathways underlying these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C. Márquez-Garbán
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (R.J.P.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Cristian D. Yanes
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (R.J.P.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Gabriela Llarena
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (R.J.P.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
| | - David Elashoff
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nalo Hamilton
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
- School of Nursing, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mary Hardy
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Madhuri Wadehra
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Susan A. McCloskey
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard J. Pietras
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA (R.J.P.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (D.E.); (M.H.)
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27
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Tuttle HK, Del Rio AH, Bamberg JB, Shannon LM. Potato soup: analysis of cultivated potato gene bank populations reveals high diversity and little structure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1429279. [PMID: 39091313 PMCID: PMC11291250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1429279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated potatoes are incredibly diverse, ranging from diploid to pentaploid and encompass four different species. They are adapted to disparate environments and conditions and carry unique alleles for resistance to pests and pathogens. Describing how diversity is partitioned within and among these populations is essential to understanding the potato genome and effectively utilizing landraces in breeding. This task is complicated by the difficulty of making comparisons across cytotypes and extensive admixture within section petota. We genotyped 730 accessions from the US Potato genebank including wild diploids and cultivated diploids and tetraploids using Genotype-by-sequencing. This data set allowed us to interrogate population structure and diversity as well as generate core subsets which will support breeders in efficiently screening genebank material for biotic and abiotic stress resistance alleles. We found that even controlling for ploidy, tetraploid material exhibited higher observed and expected heterozygosity than diploid accessions. In particular group chilotanum material was the most heterozygous and the only taxa not to exhibit any inbreeding. This may in part be because group chilotanum has a history of introgression not just from wild species, but landraces as well. All group chilotanum, exhibits introgression from group andigenum except clones from Southern South America near its origin, where the two groups are not highly differentiated. Moving north, we do not observe evidence for the same level of admixture back into group andigenum. This suggests that extensive history of admixture is a particular characteristic of chilotanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K. Tuttle
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Alfonso H. Del Rio
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI, United States
| | - John B. Bamberg
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI, United States
| | - Laura M. Shannon
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
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28
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Lü J, Li T, Li S, Nie M, Shi G, Zhao X. Silicon and selenium alleviate cadmium toxicity in Artemisia selengensis Turcz by regulating the plant-rhizosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119064. [PMID: 38710427 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution has emerged as a pressing concern due to its deleterious impacts on both plant physiology and human well-being. Silicon (Si) is renowned for its ability to mitigate excessive Cd accumulation within plant cells and reduce the mobility of Cd in soil, whereas Selenium (Se) augments plant antioxidant capabilities and promotes rhizosphere microbial activity. However, research focusing on the simultaneous utilization of Si and Se to ameliorate plant Cd toxicity through multiple mechanisms within the plant-rhizosphere remains comparatively limited. This study combined hydroponic and pot experiments to investigate the effects of the combined application of Si and Se on Cd absorption and accumulation, as well as the growth and rhizosphere of A. selengensis Turcz under Cd stress. The results revealed that a strong synergistic effect was observed between both Si and Se. The combination of Si and Se significantly increased the activity and content of enzymes and non-enzyme antioxidants within A. selengensis Turcz, reduced Cd accumulation and inhibiting its translocation from roots to shoots. Moreover, Si and Se application improved the levels of reducing sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C, while reducing nitrite content and Cd bioavailability. Furthermore, the experimental results showed that the combination of Si and Se not only increased the abundance of core rhizosphere microorganisms, but also stimulated the activity of soil enzymes, which effectively limited the migration of Cd in the soil. These findings provided valuable insights into the effective mitigation of soil Cd toxicity to plants and also the potential applications in improving plant quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering / Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, Huei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Yin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiliang Lü
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering / Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, Huei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China.
| | - Tingqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiqian Li
- Fujian Universities and Colleges Engineering Research Center of Modern Facility Agriculture, Fuqing 350300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment (Fujian Polytechnic Normal Univeristy), Fuqing, 350300, China
| | - Min Nie
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guangyu Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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29
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Šeregelj V, Tumbas Šaponjac V, Pezo L, Kojić J, Cvetković B, Ilic N. Analysis of antioxidant potential of fruit and vegetable juices available in Serbian markets. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024; 30:472-484. [PMID: 36803123 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231158961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants in fruit and vegetable juices have become increasingly popular because of their potential health benefits. Nowadays, juice mixes made from berries present frequent consumer choices, due to their nutritive value and high content of bioactive compounds. Commercial fruit and vegetable juices available in Serbian markets (n = 32) were analyzed for the physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity. Relative antioxidant capacity index was used for the ranking of the juices according to antioxidant capacity, while antioxidant effectiveness of phenolic compounds contained in juice samples was investigated depending on phenolic antioxidant coefficients. Principal component analysis was applied to study the data structure. In addition, a multi-layer perceptron model was used for modeling an artificial neural network model (ANN) for prediction antioxidant activity (DPPH, reducing power, and ABTS) based on total phenolic, total pigments, and vitamin C content. The obtained ANN showed good prediction capabilities (the r2 values during training cycle for output variables were 0.942). Phenolic, pigments, and vitamin C contents showed a positive correlation with the investigated antioxidant activity. The consumption of commercial berry fruit juices available in Serbian markets may deliver great health benefits through the supply of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Šeregelj
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Lato Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Kojić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Biljana Cvetković
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Ilic
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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30
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Kranz S, Sharma B, Pourafshar S, Mallawaarachchi I, Ma JZ, Scialla JJ. Fruit and Vegetable Intake Patterns, Kidney Failure, and Mortality in Adults with and without Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States. J Nutr 2024; 154:2205-2214. [PMID: 38754840 PMCID: PMC11282494 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) are vital components of healthy diets but may be restricted in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to avoid high-potassium intake. We previously generated F&V patterns for patients in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and demonstrated an increased prevalence of the overall low-intake pattern in patients with CKD. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of F&V patterns (overall low intake, high unprocessed, moderate processed, and high ultraprocessed) with the risk of kidney failure and its composite with death. METHODS Adults in NHANES III with valid dietary data and longitudinal follow-up for kidney failure and death were included. F&V patterns were identified using 24-h dietary recalls and latent class analysis, yielding 4 patterns. Cox models were used to evaluate the prospective association between each pattern and hazard of kidney failure or a composite of kidney failure or death over ≤20 y. Models were adjusted for demographics and select comorbidities and weighted for the complex survey design. Secondary analyses evaluated serum carotenoids as objective biomarkers of F&V intake. RESULTS Among 16,726 eligible participants in NHANES III, F&V consumption consistent with the high-ultraprocessed pattern associated with the highest risk of kidney failure after demographic and comorbidity adjustment, but attenuated with adjustment for kidney function. The high unprocessed pattern associated with the lowest adjusted risk of death or kidney failure combined [hazard ratio (HR): 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65, 0.81 relative to overall low intake]. Higher-serum carotenoids were associated with a lower adjusted risk of death or kidney failure combined (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.65 for quartile 4 compared with quartile 1). Results were similar in patients with CKD at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of unprocessed F&Vs was associated with better outcomes in the general population and patients with CKD. Results emphasize the need to safely improve F&V intake in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Kranz
- Department of Kinesiology, Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Binu Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Shirin Pourafshar
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Indika Mallawaarachchi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jennie Z Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Julia J Scialla
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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Ayaz A, Zaman W, Radák Z, Gu Y. Green strength: The role of micronutrients in plant-based diets for athletic performance enhancement. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32803. [PMID: 38975163 PMCID: PMC11225853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the correlation between plant-based diets and athletic performance, with a specific emphasis on the vital aspect of optimizing micronutrients for athletes. In light of the increasing prevalence of plant-based nutrition among athletes due to its perceived advantages in terms of health, ethics, and the environment, this study investigates the ability of these diets to satisfy the demanding nutritional requirements essential for achieving optimal performance and facilitating recovery. The article emphasizes the significance of essential micronutrients such as iron, vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids and also addressing the challenges with their absorption and bioavailability from plant sources. The review consolidates existing scientific knowledge to propose strategies for improving micronutrient consumption, comparing the effects of supplements against whole foods, and highlighting the significance of enhancing bioavailability. The proposal supports the implementation of personalized meal planning, with the assistance of sports nutritionists or dietitians, and is substantiated by case studies showcasing the success of plant-based athletes. Future research directions examine the long-term effects of plant-based diets on micronutrient status and athletic performance, as well as developing nutritional trends and technology. The review concludes that plant-based diets can meet athletes' nutritional demands and improve peak performance while aligning with personal and ethical values with strategic planning and professional guidance. This study intends to help athletes, coaches, and nutritionists understand plant-based nutrition for enhanced athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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Chalen-Moreano F, Saeteros-Hernández A, Abdo-Peralta P, Frey C, Peralta-Saa LO, Hernández-Allauca AD, Rosero-Erazo CR, Toulkeridis T. Exploring the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Low-Cost Commercial Disinfectants Utilized in the Agro-Food Industry Wash Tanks: Towards Enhanced Hygiene Practices. Foods 2024; 13:1915. [PMID: 38928858 PMCID: PMC11203120 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in vegetable consumption has underlined the importance of minimizing the risks associated with microbiological contamination of fresh produce. The critical stage of the vegetable washing process has proven to be a key point for cross-contamination and the persistence of pathogens. In this context, the agri-food industry has widely adopted the use of disinfectants to reduce the bacterial load in the wash water. Therefore, we conducted laboratory-scale experiments in order to demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of disinfectants used in the wash tank of agro-food industries. Different wash water matrices of shredded lettuce, shredded cabbage, diced onion, and baby spinach were treated with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), and per-oxyacetic acid (PAA) at recommended concentrations. To simulate the presence of pathogenic bacteria, a cocktail of E. coli O157:H7 was inoculated into the process water samples (PWW) to determine whether concentrations of disinfectants inhibit the pathogen or bring it to a viable non-culturable state (VBNC). Hereby, we used quantitative qPCR combined with different photo-reactive dyes such as ethidium monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA). The results indicated that concentrations superior to 20 ppm NaClO inhibit the pathogen E. coli O157:H7 artificially inoculated in the process water. Concentrations between 10-20 ppm ClO2 fail to induce the pathogen to the VBNC state. At concentrations of 80 ppm PAA, levels of culturable bacteria and VBNC of E. coli O157:H7 were detected in all PWWs regardless of the matrix. Subsequently, this indicates that the recommended concentrations of ClO2 and PAA for use in the fresh produce industry wash tank do not inhibit the levels of E. coli O157:H7 present in the wash water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Chalen-Moreano
- Faculty of Public Health, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Km 1 ½ Panamericana Sur, Riobamba 060155, Ecuador; (F.C.-M.); (A.S.-H.); (L.O.P.-S.)
| | - Angélica Saeteros-Hernández
- Faculty of Public Health, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Km 1 ½ Panamericana Sur, Riobamba 060155, Ecuador; (F.C.-M.); (A.S.-H.); (L.O.P.-S.)
| | - Paula Abdo-Peralta
- Independent Researcher, Riobamba 060155, Ecuador; (P.A.-P.); (C.R.R.-E.)
| | - Catherine Frey
- Independent Researcher, Riobamba 060155, Ecuador; (P.A.-P.); (C.R.R.-E.)
| | - Lilia Ofir Peralta-Saa
- Faculty of Public Health, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Km 1 ½ Panamericana Sur, Riobamba 060155, Ecuador; (F.C.-M.); (A.S.-H.); (L.O.P.-S.)
| | | | | | - Theofilos Toulkeridis
- School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Roy D, Kaur P, Ghosh M, Choudhary D, Rangra NK. The therapeutic potential of typical plant-derived compounds for the management of metabolic disorders. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38864713 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and Type 2 diabetes are prevalent metabolic dysfunctions that present significant health challenges worldwide. Available cures for these ailments have constraints with accompanying unwanted effects that persistently exist. Compounds originated from plants have recently been introduced as hopeful remedies to treat metabolic disorders because of their diverse pharmacological activities. This detailed observation gives an introduction into the treatment capacity of plant-derived compounds regarding metabolic syndromes while analyzing various groups alongside their performance in this field despite unique mechanisms designed by nature itself. Interestingly, this study provides some examples including curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, berberine, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and capsaicin, which highlights potential therapeutic impacts for future testing. However, current clinical trials inspecting human studies investigating efficacies concerning metabolism challenge present limitations. Finally, the review weighs up bad reactions possibly inflicted after administering plant-originated materials though suggestive insights will be provided later. Above all, it outlines the chance to identify novel therapies encapsulated within natural substances based upon recent developments could hold significant promise toward managing misplaced metabolisms globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Roy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmacy, CV Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Maitrayee Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, CV Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Deepika Choudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Rangra
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Del Carmen Fernández-Fígares Jiménez M. Plant foods, healthy plant-based diets, and type 2 diabetes: a review of the evidence. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:929-948. [PMID: 37550262 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic chronic disease in which insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production lead to elevated blood glucose levels. The prevalence of T2D is growing worldwide, mainly due to obesity and the adoption of Western diets. Replacing animal foods with healthy plant foods is associated with a lower risk of T2D in prospective studies. In randomized controlled trials, the consumption of healthy plant foods in place of animal foods led to cardiometabolic improvements in patients with T2D or who were at high risk of the disease. Dietary patterns that limit or exclude animal foods and focus on healthy plant foods (eg, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes), known as healthy, plant-based diets, are consistently associated with a lower risk of T2D in cohort studies. The aim of this review is to examine the differential effects of plant foods and animal foods on T2D risk and to describe the existing literature about the role of healthy, plant-based diets, particularly healthy vegan diets, in T2D prevention and management. The evidence from cohort studies and randomized controlled trials will be reported, in addition to the potential biological mechanisms that seem to be involved.
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Ji L, Ren Z, Chen J, Zhao H, Zhang X, Xue B, Zhang D. Associations of vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, and school bullying with depressive symptoms in secondary school students: the mediating role of internet addiction. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:419. [PMID: 38834943 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have simultaneously focused on the associations of vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, school bullying, and Internet addiction (IA) with depressive symptoms. This study aimed to explore the direct and indirect effects of the above factors on depressive symptoms in adolescents by constructing a structural equation model (SEM). METHODS This study was conducted in Qingdao from September to November 2021. A total of 6195 secondary school students aged 10-19 years were included in the analysis. Information on all variables was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. An SEM was constructed with depressive symptoms as the endogenous latent variable, IA as the mediating variable, and vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, and school bullying as the exogenous latent variables. The standardized path coefficients (β) were the direct effects between the latent variables, and the indirect effects were obtained by the product of direct effects between relevant latent variables. RESULTS The median value with the interquartile range of depressive symptom scores was 7 (3,12). Vegetable and fruit intake (β=-0.100, P<0.001) and physical activity (β=-0.140, P<0.001) were directly negatively related to depressive symptoms. While school bullying (β=0.138, P<0.001) and IA (β=0.452, P<0.001) were directly positively related to depressive symptoms. IA had the greatest impact on depressive symptoms. Vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, and school bullying could not only directly affect depressive symptoms, but also indirectly affect depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of IA, the indirect effects and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were -0.028 (-0.051, -0.007), -0.114 (-0.148, -0.089) and 0.095 (0.060, 0.157), respectively. The results of the multi-group analysis showed that the SEM we constructed still fit in boy and girl groups. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, school bullying, and IA had a significant direct impact on depressive symptoms, among which IA had the greatest impact. In addition, both vegetable and fruit intake, school bullying, and physical activity indirectly affected depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of IA. The impact of IA on depressive symptoms should be given extra attention by schools and parents. This study provides a scientific and effective basis for the prevention and control of adolescent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Ji
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhisheng Ren
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Bai Xue
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China.
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Shen QM, Tuo JY, Li ZY, Fang J, Tan YT, Zhang W, Li HL, Xiang YB. Sex-specific impact of dietary patterns on liver cancer incidence: updated results from two population-based cohort studies in China. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1113-1124. [PMID: 38345640 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The associations between dietary patterns and liver cancer risk have received much attention, but evidence among the Chinese population is scarce. This study aims to update the results of two cohort studies and provide the sex-specific associations in the Chinese population. METHODS This study was based on two cohorts from the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS) and the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS). Diet information was collected by validated food frequency questionnaires. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Cox regression model was utilized to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for associations between dietary patterns and liver cancer risk. RESULTS During median follow-up years of 11.2 (male) and 17.1 (female) years, 427 males and 252 females were identified as incident primary liver cancer cases. In males, vegetable-based dietary pattern was inversely associated with liver cancer (HRQ4-Q1: 0.67, 95%CI 0.51-0.88, Ptrend < 0.001). Interaction analysis indicated that in males lower vegetable-based dietary pattern score and older age/medical history of chronic hepatitis combined increase the hazard of liver cancer more than the sum of them, with a 114% and 1061% higher risk, respectively. In females, the fruit-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer (HRQ4-Q1: 0.63, 95%CI 0.42-0.95, Ptrend = 0.03). In both males and females, null associations were observed between the meat-based dietary pattern and the risk of liver cancer. CONCLUSION A vegetable-based dietary pattern in males and a fruit-based dietary pattern in females tended to have a protective role on liver cancer risk. This study provided updated information that might be applied to guide public health action for the primary prevention of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yi Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Rossi I, Mignogna C, Del Rio D, Mena P. Health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices: evidence from human subject intervention studies. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:194-238. [PMID: 37655747 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242300015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) represent a controversial topic. FVJ contain notable amounts of free sugars, but also vitamins, minerals, and secondary compounds with proven biological activities like (poly)phenols and carotenoids. The review aimed to shed light on the potential impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health, comprehensively assessing the role each type of juice may have in specific health outcomes for a particular target population, as reported in dietary interventions. The effects of a wide range of FVJ (orange, grapefruit, mandarin, lemon, apple, white, red, and Concord grapes, pomegranate, cranberry, chokeberry, blueberry, other minor berries, sweet and tart cherry, plum, tomato, carrot, beetroot, and watermelon, among others) were evaluated on a series of outcomes (anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure and vascular function, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, cognitive function, exercise performance, gut microbiota composition and bacterial infections), providing a thorough picture of the contribution of each FVJ to a health outcome. Some juices demonstrated their ability to exert potential preventive effects on some outcomes while others on other health outcomes, emphasising how the differential composition in bioactive compounds defines juice effects. Research gaps and future prospects were discussed. Although 100% FVJ appear to have beneficial effects on some cardiometabolic health outcomes, cognition and exercise performance, or neutral effects on anthropometric parameters and body composition, further efforts are needed to better understand the impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rossi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Quezada-Acuña L, Parra-Soto S, Durán-Agüero S, Morejón-Terán Y, Pérez-Ocampo L, Becerra-Granados LM, Ríos-Castillo I, Prada-Gómez G, Ramos de Ixtacuy M, Fernández-Condori RC, Nessier MC, Guerrero-Gómez A, González L, Nava-González EJ, Moya-Osorio JL. Stress factors and food purchase prioritization during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:145-150. [PMID: 38777426 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic confinement has an impact on stress levels, which causes changes in food purchase and consumption behaviors. The objective of this study is to associate food purchase prioritization with stress level during the COVID-19 pandemic confinement. METHODS Multicenter, observational and cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire that included data on sociodemographic variables, stress factors and food purchase prioritization was disseminated through digital platforms and social networks. RESULTS A number of 6357 participants were included, of whom 83.6% were female, 56.3% were from the middle socioeconomic level, 71.2% had completed higher education and 78.3% had a job. At greater stress levels it was observed a higher prioritization of canned foods (Odds ratio (OR): 1.91, 95% CI: 1.56; 2.34), sweets (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.06; 2.34) and flours (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25; 1.68). While lower stress levels are associated with nuts (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66; 0.85), vegetables (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72; 0.94), and fruits (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.80; 1.01), after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS There is an association between food purchase prioritization and stress level during the COVID-19 confinement. At greater stress levels, individuals purchase more food, both healthy and unhealthy. The later may have a negative impact on people's health, leading to or further aggravating malnutrition by excess and nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Quezada-Acuña
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Los Leones, Providencia, Chile
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Factultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillan, Chile; School Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Los Leones, Providencia, Chile
| | - Yadira Morejón-Terán
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Israel Ríos-Castillo
- Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y Agricultura (FAO), Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panamá, Panama
| | | | | | | | - María Celeste Nessier
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad Católica de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Laura González
- Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dirección de Investigación, Departamento de Nutrición, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Edna J Nava-González
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José Luis Moya-Osorio
- Docente de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Irfan E, Dilshad E, Ahmad F, Almajhdi FN, Hussain T, Abdi G, Waheed Y. Phytoconstituents of Artemisia Annua as potential inhibitors of SARS CoV2 main protease: an in silico study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:495. [PMID: 38750422 PMCID: PMC11094927 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In November 2019, the world faced a pandemic called SARS-CoV-2, which became a major threat to humans and continues to be. To overcome this, many plants were explored to find a cure. METHODS Therefore, this research was planned to screen out the active constituents from Artemisia annua that can work against the viral main protease Mpro as this non-structural protein is responsible for the cleavage of replicating enzymes of the virus. Twenty-five biocompounds belonging to different classes namely alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, carvone, myrtenol, quinic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, rutin, apigenin, chrysoplenetin, arteannunin b, artemisinin, scopoletin, scoparone, artemisinic acid, deoxyartemisnin, artemetin, casticin, sitogluside, beta-sitosterol, dihydroartemisinin, scopolin, artemether, artemotil, artesunate were selected. Virtual screening of these ligands was carried out against drug target Mpro by CB dock. RESULTS Quercetin, rutin, casticin, chrysoplenetin, apigenin, artemetin, artesunate, sopolin and sito-gluside were found as hit compounds. Further, ADMET screening was conducted which represented Chrysoplenetin as a lead compound. Azithromycin was used as a standard drug. The interactions were studied by PyMol and visualized in LigPlot. Furthermore, the RMSD graph shows fluctuations at various points at the start of simulation in Top1 (Azithromycin) complex system due to structural changes in the helix-coil-helix and beta-turn-beta changes at specific points resulting in increased RMSD with a time frame of 50 ns. But this change remains stable after the extension of simulation time intervals till 100 ns. On other side, the Top2 complex system remains highly stable throughout the time scale. No such structural dynamics were observed bu the ligand attached to the active site residues binds strongly. CONCLUSION This study facilitates researchers to develop and discover more effective and specific therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections. Finally, chrysoplenetin was identified as a more potent drug candidate to act against the viral main protease, which in the future can be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eraj Irfan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Capital, University of Science and Technology, (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Erum Dilshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Capital, University of Science and Technology, (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Faisal Ahmad
- Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Nasser Almajhdi
- COVID-19 Virus Research Chair, Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gholamreza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, 1401, Lebanon.
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
- Near East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, TRNC Mersin 10, Nicosia, 99138, Turkey.
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Malin AJ, Wang Z, Khan D, McKune SL. The Potential Systemic Role of Diet in Dental Caries Development and Arrest: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1463. [PMID: 38794700 PMCID: PMC11124059 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology center primarily on the local role of sugar, starch, or other fermentable carbohydrates on tooth enamel demineralization-a well-established and empirically supported mechanism. However, in addition to this mechanism, studies dating back to the early 1900s point to an important systemic role of diet and nutrition, particularly from pasture-raised animal-source foods (ASF), in dental caries etiology and arrest. Findings from animal and human studies suggest that adherence to a diet high in calcium, phosphorus, fat-soluble vitamins A and D, and antioxidant vitamin C, as well as low in phytates, may contribute to arrest and reversal of dental caries, particularly among children. Furthermore, findings from observational and experimental studies of humans across the life-course suggest that fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and K2 may interact to protect against dental caries progression, even within a diet that regularly contains sugar. While these historic studies have not been revisited in decades, we emphasize the need for them to be reinvestigated and contextualized in the 21st century. Specifically, methodologically rigorous studies are needed to reinvestigate whether historical knowledge of systemic impacts of nutrition on dental health can help to inform current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology, prevention, and arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J. Malin
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhilin Wang
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Durdana Khan
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sarah L. McKune
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
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Ispiryan A, Kraujutiene I, Viskelis J. Quality Characteristics of Raspberry By-Products for Sustainable Production. Foods 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 38790735 PMCID: PMC11119120 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Raspberry seeds are a by-product of berries, both from their primary processing, such as in juice production, and secondary processing, such as in oil extraction. These seeds contain plenty of valuable components such as crude fiber, proteins, fats, and vitamins. Quality characterization is the initial step toward using these seeds as a sustainable and functional food. The aim of studying raspberry seeds' quality profile, both before oil extraction and after different processing methods (supercritical CO2, subcritical CO2, cold pressing, and hexane solvent), is to point out the benefits of this by-product and to raise consumer awareness about their health and well-being benefits. This study provides evidence that raspberry seeds have good physical parameters for use in other products as a functional food enrichment ingredient, such as in baked goods, offering considerable health benefits due to their high nutrient content. The weights, peroxide values, moisture content, nutritional energy values, and colors were determined before oil extraction to give initial seed values. The nutrient content and amounts of macroelements, P, K, Ca, and Mg, as well as microelements, B, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn, were determined in the tested variety 'Polka', both before and after oil extractions and using different methods. The raspberry seeds' moisture was 9.2%, their peroxide content was 5.64 mEq/kg, their nutritional value was 475.25 Kcal., and their total weight was 2.17 mg (1000 units). The seeds contain 7.4% protein, 22.1% crude fiber, 11.0% crude fat and oil, and 2.8% sugar. We determined how different oil extraction methods influence the nutrient, micro-, and macro-component values. We concluded that the seeds contained the highest manganese (45.3 mg/kg), iron (29.2 mg/kg), and zinc (17.4 mg/kg) contents and the lowest content of copper (5.1 mg/kg). This research shows that raspberry seeds represent a potential natural food ingredient, and after oil extraction with subcritical or supercritical CO2 or cold pressing, they can be used as a sustainable and functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrone Ispiryan
- Department of Food and Agrotechnology, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramones Pr. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Ingrida Kraujutiene
- Department of Food and Agrotechnology, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramones Pr. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
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Vonk L, Eekhout I, Huijts T, Levels M, Jansen MWJ. School health promotion and fruit and vegetable consumption in secondary schools: a repeated cross-sectional multilevel study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1098. [PMID: 38644493 PMCID: PMC11034157 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18546-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption are not met, which can cause chronic diseases. Especially adolescence is an important phase for the development of health behaviours. Therefore, in the Netherlands, the Healthy School program was established to aid schools in promoting healthy lifestyles among their students. We examined to what extent the variation between secondary schools regarding students' fruit and vegetable consumption could be explained by differences between schools regarding Healthy School certification, general school characteristics, and the school population. Additionally, we examined whether Healthy School certification was related to the outcomes, and whether the association differed for subgroups. METHODS We performed a repeated cross-sectional multilevel study. We used data from multiple school years from the national Youth Health Monitor on secondary schools (grades 2 and 4, age ranged from approximately 12 to 18 years) of seven Public Health Services, and added data with regard to Healthy School certification, general school characteristics and school population characteristics. We included two outcomes: the number of days a student consumed fruit and vegetables per week. In total, we analysed data on 168,127 students from 256 secondary schools in the Netherlands. RESULTS Results indicated that 2.87% of the variation in fruit consumption and 5.57% of the variation in vegetable consumption could be attributed to differences at the school-level. Characteristics related to high parental educational attainment, household income, and educational track of the students explained most of the variance between schools. Additionally, we found a small favourable association between Healthy School certification and the number of days secondary school students consumed fruit and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS School population characteristics explained more variation between schools than Healthy School certification and general school characteristics, especially indicators of parental socioeconomic status. Nevertheless, Healthy School certification seemed to be slightly related to fruit and vegetable consumption, and might contribute to healthier dietary intake. We found small differences for some subgroups, but future research should focus on the impact in different school contexts, since we were restricted in the characteristics that could be included in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Vonk
- Academic Collaborative Center for Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service South Limburg, 6400 AA, Heerlen, P.O. Box 33, the Netherlands.
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, the Netherlands.
| | - Iris Eekhout
- Expertise Center Child Health, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2301 DA, Leiden, P.O. Box 3005, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Huijts
- Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA), School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Postbus 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Levels
- Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA), School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Postbus 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria W J Jansen
- Academic Collaborative Center for Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service South Limburg, 6400 AA, Heerlen, P.O. Box 33, the Netherlands
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, the Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Jiao H, Tian W, Zhai X. Genetically predicted dietary macronutrient intakes and atrial fibrillation risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:227. [PMID: 38609963 PMCID: PMC11010414 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Previous observational investigations have indicated a potential association between relative dietary macronutrient intakes and atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF) risk. In this study, we employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to evaluate the presence of causality and to elucidate the specific causal relationship. METHODS We employed six, five, and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for relative carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake, identified from a genome-wide association study that included 268,922 individuals of European descent. Furthermore, we acquired summary statistics for genome-wide association studies on AF from the FinnGen consortium, which involved 22,068 cases and 116,926 controls. To evaluate the causal estimates, we utilized the random effect inverse variance weighted method (IVW) and several other MR methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO, to confirm the robustness of our findings. RESULTS Our analysis indicates a convincing causal relationship between genetically predicted relative carbohydrate and protein intake and reduced AF risk. Inverse variance weighted analysis results for carbohydrates (OR = 0.29; 95% CI (0.14, 0.59); P < 0.001) and protein (OR = 0.47; 95% CI (0.26, 0.85); P = 0.01) support this association. Our MR analysis did not identify a significant causal relationship between relative fat intake and AF risk. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between higher relative protein and carbohydrate intake and a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haoyang Jiao
- Institute of Documentation, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Gaoyang County Hospital, Baoding, 071599, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Xu Zhai
- Guanganmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wan Y, Ma D, Shang Q, Xu H. Association between dietary flavonoid intake and hypertension among U.S. adults. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380493. [PMID: 38680497 PMCID: PMC11046732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Dietary flavonoids have been reported to reduce inflammation, protect against oxidative stress, protect the vascular endothelium, and improve vascular health. However, the relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of hypertension remains controversial. Methods This study included 8010 adults from the 2007-2010 and 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of hypertension was explored by weighted logistic regression and weighted restricted cubic spline. Results We found an inverse relationship between total anthocyanin intake and the prevalence of hypertension in the fourth quartile compared with the first quartile [0.81(0.66,0.99), p = 0.04]. Moreover, the prevalence of hypertension tended to decrease with increasing total anthocyanin intake in participants over 60 years of age. In addition, we found a U-shaped relationship between the prevalence of hypertension and total flavan-3-ol intake. Total flavan-3-ol intake was inversely associated with hypertension prevalence in the third quartile compared with the first quartile [0.79 (0.63,0.99), p = 0.04]. Moreover, there was a significant negative association between the prevalence of hypertension and total flavan-3-ol intake when total flavan-3-ol intake was below 48.26 mg/day. Conclusion Our study found a negative association between the prevalence of hypertension and moderate total anthocyanins intake and total flavan-3-ols intake. Our study provides evidence from a population-based study for a negative association between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Ma
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Shang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Nguyen V, Taine EG, Meng D, Cui T, Tan W. Chlorogenic Acid: A Systematic Review on the Biological Functions, Mechanistic Actions, and Therapeutic Potentials. Nutrients 2024; 16:924. [PMID: 38612964 PMCID: PMC11013850 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a type of polyphenol compound found in rich concentrations in many plants such as green coffee beans. As an active natural substance, CGA exerts diverse therapeutic effects in response to a variety of pathological challenges, particularly conditions associated with chronic metabolic diseases and age-related disorders. It shows multidimensional functions, including neuroprotection for neurodegenerative disorders and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-pathogens, mitigation of cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney injuries, and anti-tumor activities. Mechanistically, its integrative functions act through the modulation of anti-inflammation/oxidation and metabolic homeostasis. It can thwart inflammatory constituents at multiple levels such as curtailing NF-kB pathways to neutralize primitive inflammatory factors, hindering inflammatory propagation, and alleviating inflammation-related tissue injury. It concurrently raises pivotal antioxidants by activating the Nrf2 pathway, thus scavenging excessive cellular free radicals. It elevates AMPK pathways for the maintenance and restoration of metabolic homeostasis of glucose and lipids. Additionally, CGA shows functions of neuromodulation by targeting neuroreceptors and ion channels. In this review, we systematically recapitulate CGA's pharmacological activities, medicinal properties, and mechanistic actions as a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies for defining its specific targeting molecules, improving its bioavailability, and validating its clinical efficacy are required to corroborate the therapeutic effects of CGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vi Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | | | - Dehao Meng
- Applied Physics Program, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Wenbin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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de Oliveira LDL, de Alencar Figueiredo LF. Sorghum phytonutrients and their health benefits: A systematic review from cell to clinical trials. J Food Sci 2024. [PMID: 38517029 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Sorghum is key for global food security due to its genetic variability, resilience, and rich phytonutrient content, which are linked to numerous health benefits. A systematic review assessed the health effects of sorghum by analyzing cell (n = 22), animal (n = 20), and human (n = 7) studies across antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular, and diabetes outcomes. This review, involving 42 papers and 177 researchers from 12 countries, collected data from sorghum accessions (acc) and significant effects. Studies used 68 identified and 8 unidentified sorghums, 57% red (n = 20), brown (n = 5), and black (n = 17) pericarp colors, and evaluated whole (n = 31), brans (n = 11), and decorticated grains (n = 2). Colored sorghum, richer in phenolic compounds, especially 3-deoxyanthocyanins and tannins, inhibited cancer cell activities, including proliferation, tumor growth, and ROS activity, and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Sorghum elevated HO1 and eNOS expression for cardiovascular, health-reduced platelet aggregation, and modulated platelet microparticles. They also suppressed inflammation markers and decreased lipid accumulation. Animal studies indicated sorghum's potential across antioxidant capacity, cancer and inflammation mitigation, and lipid and glucose metabolism. Translating these findings to human scenarios requires caution, especially considering cell studies do not fully represent polyphenol metabolism. Human studies provided mixed results, indicating antioxidant and potential anti-inflammatory benefits and nuanced effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. The main risks of bias highlighted challenges in quantifying phytonutrients, identifying sorghum acc features, and lack of assessors blinding. Nonetheless, sorghum emerges as a promising functional food for countering chronic diseases in Western diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília (UnB), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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Yang L. A causality between fruit consumption and colorectal cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1362269. [PMID: 38496761 PMCID: PMC10940414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1362269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly threatens human health with increasing incidence and mortality. A debate continues whether fruit consumption is associated with CRC, despite dietary habits having an impact on the disease. The study aims to examine the causal relationship between fruit consumption and CRC based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization method (MR). Methods Summary statistics for fruit consumption and CRC were obtained from the UK Biobank and the FinnGen Consortium, respectively. Analysis methods used in this study included the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were also assessed. Additionally, a leave-one-out analysis was performed to validate the robustness of the results. Results We found that fruit consumption was associated with a reduction in CRC risk by the IVW method (P = 0.021). This protective effect was predominantly observed in males (OR 0.374; 95% CI: 0.157-0.892; P = 0.027), while no protective effect was noted in females. However, causal correlations were not observed upon analyzing 16 individual types of fruits. Moreover, our results were unlikely to be influenced by horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Leave-one-out analysis confirmed the stability of the results. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a genetic predisposition for fruit consumption may be protective against CRC, underscoring the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and dietary patterns involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shapingba Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Alarabei AA, Abd Aziz NAL, AB Razak NI, Abas R, Bahari H, Abdullah MA, Hussain MK, Abdul Majid AMS, Basir R. Immunomodulating Phytochemicals: An Insight Into Their Potential Use in Cytokine Storm Situations. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:105-119. [PMID: 38585461 PMCID: PMC10997936 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are compounds found in plants that possess a variety of bioactive properties, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of phytochemicals in targeting specific signalling pathways involved in cytokine storm, a life-threatening clinical condition resulting from excessive immune cell activation and oversupply of proinflammatory cytokines. Several studies have documented the immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals on immune function, including their ability to regulate essential cellular and molecular interactions of immune system cells. This makes them a promising alternative for cytokine storm management, especially when combined with existing chemotherapies. Furthermore, phytochemicals have been found to target multiple signalling pathways, including the TNF-α/NF-κB, IL-1/NF-κB, IFN-γ/JAK/STAT, and IL-6/JAK-STAT. These pathways play critical roles in the development and progression of cytokine storm, and targeting them with phytochemicals represents a promising strategy for controlling cytokine release and the subsequent inflammation. Studies have also investigated certain families of plant-related constituents and their potential immunomodulatory actions. In vivo and in vitro studies have reported the immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals, which provide viable alternatives in the management of cytokine storm syndrome. The collective data from previous studies suggest that phytochemicals represent a potentially functional source of cytokine storm treatment and promote further exploration of these compounds as immunomodulatory agents for suppressing specific signalling cascade responses. Overall, the previous research findings support the use of phytochemicals as a complementary approach in managing cytokine storm and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalam Abdullah Alarabei
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aimi Liyana Abd Aziz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Izah AB Razak
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Razif Abas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maizaton Atmadini Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khairi Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid
- Natureceuticals Sdn Bhd, Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sg. Petani, 08000 Sg. Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Rusliza Basir
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Pan Y, Su J, Qian S, Xu G. Impact of habitual intake of glucosamine, fresh fruit, and tea on the risk of urolithiasis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37254. [PMID: 38428885 PMCID: PMC10906626 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns have a significant impact on the occurrence of urolithiasis. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between the consumption of glucosamine, fresh fruits, and tea, and the predisposition to urinary stones using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genetic proxies for these dietary factors were obtained from the UK Biobank, while the summary data for urolithiasis genome-wide association analyses were sourced from the FinnGen consortium. Five MR methodologies, namely inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode, were employed in the analysis. To validate the findings, sensitivity evaluations such as the MR-PRESSO disruption test and Cochran Q test for heterogeneity were performed. The IVW method showed that glucosamine consumption had a strong inverse association with urolithiasis risk (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.006, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.0001-0.287, P = .009), surpassing the associations of fresh fruits (OR = 0.464, 95% CI 0.219-0.983, P = .045) and tea (OR = 0.550, 95% CI 0.345-0.878, P = .012). These findings were consistent when verified using alternative MR techniques, and the sensitivity analyses further supported their credibility. The results of this MR analysis demonstrate that regular consumption of glucosamine, fresh fruits, and tea is inversely correlated with the risk of developing urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Pan
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Su
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Subo Qian
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Moetlediwa MT, Jack BU, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Pheiffer C, Titinchi SJJ, Salifu EY, Ramharack P. Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin and Synthetic Derivatives: A Computational Approach to Anti-Obesity Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2603. [PMID: 38473849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds such as curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from the rhizome of turmeric, have gathered remarkable scientific interest due to their diverse metabolic benefits including anti-obesity potential. However, curcumin faces challenges stemming from its unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile. To address this issue, synthetic curcumin derivatives aimed at enhancing the biological efficacy of curcumin have previously been developed. In silico modelling techniques have gained significant recognition in screening synthetic compounds as drug candidates. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of three synthetic derivatives of curcumin. This evaluation was conducted in comparison to curcumin, with a specific emphasis on examining their impact on adipogenesis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism as potential therapeutic targets of obesity mechanisms. In this study, predictive toxicity screening confirmed the safety of curcumin, with the curcumin derivatives demonstrating a safe profile based on their LD50 values. The synthetic curcumin derivative 1A8 exhibited inactivity across all selected toxicity endpoints. Furthermore, these compounds were deemed viable candidate drugs as they adhered to Lipinski's rules and exhibited favorable metabolic profiles. Molecular docking studies revealed that both curcumin and its synthetic derivatives exhibited favorable binding scores, whilst molecular dynamic simulations showed stable binding with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), csyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) proteins. The binding free energy calculations indicated that curcumin displayed potential as a strong regulator of PPARγ (-60.2 ± 0.4 kcal/mol) and FAS (-37.9 ± 0.3 kcal/mol), whereas 1A8 demonstrated robust binding affinity with COX2 (-64.9 ± 0.2 kcal/mol). In conclusion, the results from this study suggest that the three synthetic curcumin derivatives have similar molecular interactions to curcumin with selected biological targets. However, in vitro and in vivo experimental studies are recommended to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marakiya T Moetlediwa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Babalwa U Jack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | | | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Salam J J Titinchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Elliasu Y Salifu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
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