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Mandal S, Rajiva A, Kloog I, Menon JS, Lane KJ, Amini H, Walia GK, Dixit S, Nori-Sarma A, Dutta A, Sharma P, Jaganathan S, Madhipatla KK, Wellenius GA, de Bont J, Venkataraman C, Prabhakaran D, Prabhakaran P, Ljungman P, Schwartz J. Nationwide estimation of daily ambient PM 2.5 from 2008 to 2020 at 1 km 2 in India using an ensemble approach. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgae088. [PMID: 38456174 PMCID: PMC10919890 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
High-resolution assessment of historical levels is essential for assessing the health effects of ambient air pollution in the large Indian population. The diversity of geography, weather patterns, and progressive urbanization, combined with a sparse ground monitoring network makes it challenging to accurately capture the spatiotemporal patterns of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution in India. We developed a model for daily average ambient PM2.5 between 2008 and 2020 based on monitoring data, meteorology, land use, satellite observations, and emissions inventories. Daily average predictions at each 1 km × 1 km grid from each learner were ensembled using a Gaussian process regression with anisotropic smoothing over spatial coordinates, and regression calibration was used to account for exposure error. Cross-validating by leaving monitors out, the ensemble model had an R2 of 0.86 at the daily level in the validation data and outperformed each component learner (by 5-18%). Annual average levels in different zones ranged between 39.7 μg/m3 (interquartile range: 29.8-46.8) in 2008 and 30.4 μg/m3 (interquartile range: 22.7-37.2) in 2020, with a cross-validated (CV)-R2 of 0.94 at the annual level. Overall mean absolute daily errors (MAE) across the 13 years were between 14.4 and 25.4 μg/m3. We obtained high spatial accuracy with spatial R2 greater than 90% and spatial MAE ranging between 7.3-16.5 μg/m3 with relatively better performance in urban areas at low and moderate elevation. We have developed an important validated resource for studying PM2.5 at a very fine spatiotemporal resolution, which allows us to study the health effects of PM2.5 across India and to identify areas with exceedingly high levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Mandal
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Ajit Rajiva
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Environmental, Geoinformatics and Urban Planning Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Jyothi S Menon
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Kevin J Lane
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Heresh Amini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gagandeep K Walia
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Shweta Dixit
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Amruta Nori-Sarma
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anubrati Dutta
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Praggya Sharma
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Suganthi Jaganathan
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Kishore K Madhipatla
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Chandra Venkataraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Poornima Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm 18257, Sweden
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Gilbert DC, Nankivell M, Rush H, Clarke NW, Mangar S, Al-Hasso A, Rosen S, Kockelbergh R, Sundaram SK, Dixit S, Laniado M, McPhail N, Shaheen A, Brown S, Gale J, Deighan J, Marshall J, Duong T, Macnair A, Griffiths A, Amos CL, Sydes MR, James ND, Parmar MKB, Langley RE. A Repurposing Programme Evaluating Transdermal Oestradiol Patches for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Within the PATCH and STAMPEDE Trials: Current Results and Adapting Trial Design. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:e11-e19. [PMID: 37973477 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), usually achieved with luteinising hormone releasing hormone analogues (LHRHa), is central to prostate cancer management. LHRHa reduce both testosterone and oestrogen and are associated with significant long-term toxicity. Previous use of oral oestrogens as ADT was curtailed because of cardiovascular toxicity. Transdermal oestrogen (tE2) patches are a potential alternative ADT, supressing testosterone without the associated oestrogen-depletion toxicities (osteoporosis, hot flushes, metabolic abnormalities) and avoiding cardiovascular toxicity, and we here describe their evaluation in men with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PATCH (NCT00303784) adaptive trials programme (incorporating recruitment through the STAMPEDE [NCT00268476] platform) is evaluating the safety and efficacy of tE2 patches as ADT for men with prostate cancer. An initial randomised (LHRHa versus tE2) phase II study (n = 251) with cardiovascular toxicity as the primary outcome measure has expanded into a phase III evaluation. Those with locally advanced (M0) or metastatic (M1) prostate cancer are eligible. To reflect changes in both management and prognosis, the PATCH programme is now evaluating these cohorts separately. RESULTS Recruitment is complete, with 1362 and 1128 in the M0 and M1 cohorts, respectively. Rates of androgen suppression with tE2 were equivalent to LHRHa, with improved metabolic parameters, quality of life and bone health indices (mean absolute change in lumbar spine bone mineral density of -3.0% for LHRHa and +7.9% for tE2 with an estimated difference between arms of 9.3% (95% confidence interval 5.3-13.4). Importantly, rates of cardiovascular events were not significantly different between the two arms and the time to first cardiovascular event did not differ between treatment groups (hazard ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 0.80-1.53; P = 0.54). Oncological outcomes are awaited. FUTURE Efficacy results for the M0 cohort (primary outcome measure metastases-free survival) are expected in the final quarter of 2023. For M1 patients (primary outcome measure - overall survival), analysis using restricted mean survival time is being explored. Allied translational work on longitudinal samples is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Gilbert
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK; University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK.
| | - M Nankivell
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - H Rush
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - N W Clarke
- The Christie and Salford Royal Hospitals, Manchester, UK
| | - S Mangar
- Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A Al-Hasso
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Rosen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - R Kockelbergh
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S K Sundaram
- Mid-Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, UK
| | - S Dixit
- Scunthorpe General Hospital, Scunthorpe, UK
| | | | | | | | - S Brown
- Airedale General Hospital, Keighley, UK
| | - J Gale
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - J Deighan
- Patient Representative, MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK
| | - J Marshall
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - T Duong
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - A Macnair
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK; Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Griffiths
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - C L Amos
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - M R Sydes
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - N D James
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - M K B Parmar
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
| | - R E Langley
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, London, UK
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Dixit S, Varshney S, Gupta D, Sharma S. Factors affecting biofilm formation by bacteria on fabrics. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00460-z. [PMID: 38057457 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Fabrics act as fomites for microorganisms, thereby playing a significant role in infection transmission, especially in the healthcare and hospitality sectors. This study aimed to examine the biofilm formation ability of four nosocomial infection-causing bacteria (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) on cotton, polyester, polyester-cotton blend, silk, wool, viscose, and nylon, used frequently in the healthcare sector, by qualitative and quantitative methods. The impact of temperature, pH, and relative humidity (RH) on biofilm formation was also assessed. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were strong biofilm producers, while E. coli produced weak biofilm. Wool (maximum roughness) showed the highest bacterial load, while silk (lowest roughness) showed the least. P. aeruginosa exhibited a higher load on all fabrics, than other test bacteria. Extracellular polymeric substances were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Roughness of biofilms was assessed by atomic force microscopy. For biofilm formation, optimum temperature, pH, and RH were 30 °C, 7.0, and 62%, respectively. MgCl2 and CaCl2 were the most effective in removing bacterial biofilm. In conclusion, biofilm formation was observed to be influenced by the type of fabric, bacteria, and environmental conditions. Implementing recommended guidelines for the effective disinfection of fabrics is crucial to curb the risk of nosocomial infections. In addition, designing modified healthcare fabrics that inhibit pathogen load could be an effective method to mitigate the transmission of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Dixit
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Present address: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Deepti Gupta
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Goel A, Hegarty R, Dixit S, Tucker B, Douiri A, Kyrana E, Jain V, Dhawan A, Grammatikopoulos T. Transient elastography and von Willebrand factor as predictors of portal hypertension and decompensation in children. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100935. [PMID: 38046943 PMCID: PMC10692718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFAg), a protein measured to test the level of vWF released from the vascular endothelium has gained much attention as a marker for portal hypertension (PHT) severity. The objectives of this study were to investigate the use of vWFAg as a biomarker along with liver and spleen stiffness measurements by transient elastography as potential predictors of clinically significant varices (CSV), variceal bleeding (VB) and decompensation in children with PHT. Methods This observational prospective cohort study included 117 children (median age 10 [IQR 6-14] years) who underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy between January'2012 to November'2021 and a validation group of 33 children who underwent the same procedure between December'2021 to March'2023. Measurements of vWFAg and glycoprotein Ib binding activity of VWF (GPIbR) were available in 97 patients in the study group and in all patients in the validation group.Results: vWFAg and GPIbR were significantly higher in children with CSV (223 IU/dl and 166 IU/dl; p = 0.015 and p = 0.04, respectively) and VB (218 IU/dl and 174 IU/dl; p = 0.077 and p = 0.03, respectively) than in those without CSV or VB, respectively. Ninety-six patients had liver and spleen stiffness measurements. Spleen stiffness was significantly higher in patients with CSV compared to those without CSV (p = 0.003). In a chronic liver disease subgroup, a predictive scoring tool based on vWFAg, GPIbR, platelet count, and spleen/liver stiffness measurements could predict CSV with an AUROC of 0.76 (p = 0.04). Conclusions This study suggests the predictive value of vWF for CSV and VB increases when combined with spleen stiffness, with AUROCs of 0.88 and 0.82, respectively. Hence, a combination of biomarkers could assist clinicians in diagnosing CSV, preventing unnecessary invasive procedures. Impacts and implications Surveillance endoscopies in children with portal hypertension (PHT) have their own risks and non-invasive markers, such as von Willebrand factor antigen, glycoprotein Ib binding activity of VWF (GPIbR), and transient elastography could be used to predict clinically significant varices, variceal bleeding and disease compensation in children with PHT. Such non-invasive markers for PHT and varices are lacking in the paediatric population. The results show that von Willebrand factor and GPIbR along with transient elastography can be used to formulate a scoring system which can be used as a clinical tool by paediatric hepatologists to monitor the progression of PHT and risk of bleeding, and hence to stratify the performance of invasive endoscopic procedures under general anaesthesia. However, there is a need to validate the scoring system in children with portal vein thrombosis and for hepatic decompensation in a multi-centre registry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshat Goel
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert Hegarty
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Shweta Dixit
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bethany Tucker
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Abdel Douiri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Eirini Kyrana
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Vandana Jain
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anil Dhawan
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Tassos Grammatikopoulos
- Paediatric Liver, GI & Nutrition Centre and MowatLabs, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College, London, UK
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Dixit S, Varshney S, Gupta D, Sharma S. Textiles as fomites in the healthcare system. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12569-2. [PMID: 37199751 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nosocomial infections or healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are acquired under medical care in healthcare facilities. In hospital environments, the transmission of infectious diseases through textiles such as white coats, bed linen, curtains, and towels are well documented. Textile hygiene and infection control measures have become more important in recent years due to the growing concerns about textiles as fomites in healthcare settings. However, systematic research in this area is lacking; the factors contributing to the transmission of infections through textiles needs to be better understood. The review aims to critically explore textiles as contaminants in healthcare systems, and to identify potential risks they may pose to patients and healthcare workers. It delineates different factors affecting bacterial adherence on fabrics, such as surface properties of bacteria and fabrics, and environmental factors. It also identifies areas that require further research to reduce the risk of HAIs and improve textile hygiene practices. Finally, the review elaborates on the strategies currently employed, and those that can be employed to limit the spread of nosocomial infections through fabrics. Implementing textile hygiene practices effectively in healthcare facilities requires a thorough analysis of factors affecting fabric-microbiome interactions, followed by designing newer fabrics that discourage pathogen load. KEY POINTS: • Healthcare textiles act as a potential reservoir of nosocomial pathogens • Survival of pathogens is affected by surface properties of fabric and bacteria • Guidelines required for fabrics that discourage microbial load, for hospital use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Dixit
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Deepti Gupta
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Dixit S, Shyagali TR, Kambalyal P. Evaluation of the correlation between facial index and the cortical bone thickness of the maxilla and mandible-A computer tomography based study. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 146:105606. [PMID: 36577312 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES cortical bone thickness confines the position of teeth and thus can be a limiting factor for orthodontic tooth movement. The study is aimed to correlate the cortical bone thickness of the maxilla and mandible with that of different face types, viz; dolichofacial, brachyfacial, and mesofacial. METHODS Forty CT scans were analysed for the face types and were grouped into dolichofacial (13), brachyfacial (13) and mesofacial (14) face types. The scans were measured for the right and left side buccal and lingual cortical bone thickness at the central incisor, first and second molar regions on both the maxilla and mandible. Other parameters like basal cortical bone thickness, height, and width of cortical bone were also measured. To determine the correlation and difference between the different parameters, the obtained data was subjected to the correlation coefficient, t test, and ANOVA statistical analysis. RESULTS Maxillary buccal cortical bone thickness of central incisors was found to be highly correlated to facial index with a correlation coefficient of - 0.833 * *. Mandibular buccal bone thickness correlated with face type and cortical bone thickness at the central incisor, first, and second molars by-0.531 * *, - 0.474 * *, and - 0.589 * *, respectively. There was a significant difference between the right and left side cortical bone thickness (p < 0.05) and also for all the parameters amongst the different face types (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION There exists a definite correlation between the face type and the certain anatomical measurements of cortical bone morphology. Dolichofacial face types show thin buccal cortical bone, which implies the limitation of orthodontic tooth movement in these types of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarulatha R Shyagali
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.
| | - Prabhuraj Kambalyal
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial, Mithila Minority Dental College & Hospital, Darbhanga, India
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Patidar V, Dixit S, Ghandour M, Keshri A, Singh M, Kundu S. Carbohydrate and Protein Fractionations of commonly used forages and agro-industrial byproducts as per Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein system (CNCPS). JLS 2022. [DOI: 10.33259/jlivestsci.2022.182-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pawar M, Kasuhal D, Kakti A, Alshammari F, Alshammari MF, Dixit S, Alibrahim WY. Manual and Powered Toothbrushing Effectiveness on Autistic Children's Oral Hygiene Status. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2022; 14:S837-S840. [PMID: 36110675 PMCID: PMC9469450 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_15_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autistic children want a lot of help cleaning their teeth and they have a higher risk of periodontal disorder and less caries than the general public. The study's purpose is to see how helpful manual and powered toothbrushing are for autistic kids aged 6-12 years. Materials and Methods A total of 40 autistic children aged 6-12 years were chosen at random from Mangalore city schools. The simplified oral hygiene index was used to determine the baseline oral health (OHI-S). Children were split into two classes during an oral review. Children in Group 1 received a manual toothbrush, and those in Group 2 received a powered toothbrush. Many of the children were given Colgate fluoride-free toothpaste. Under the guidance of care professionals, children were taught to brush for 3 min. They were taught to count from 1 to 20 when brushing each buccal and lingual section. The index was rechecked at the conclusion of the 1st month (30th day) and the next month (3rd month) (90th day). On the 60th day, the recently learned techniques were reinforced (end of the 2nd month). Result In Group 1, a statistically significant reduction in mean OHI-S scores was observed in baseline versus 30 days and baseline versus 90 days, while in Group 2, a statistically highly significant reduction in baseline versus 30 days, baseline versus 90 days, and 30 days versus 90 days was observed. Conclusion Furthermore, in autism children, powered teeth brushing shows potential. Long-term follow-up and greater sample size are, however, needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Pawar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Drishti Kasuhal
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ateet Kakti
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alshammari
- Dental Surgeon, West Riyadh Dental Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shweta Dixit
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Wilcox JM, Consoli DC, Tienda AA, Dixit S, Buchanan RA, May JM, Nobis WP, Harrison FE. Altered synaptic glutamate homeostasis contributes to cognitive decline in young APP/PSEN1 mice. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 158:105486. [PMID: 34450329 PMCID: PMC8457528 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-convulsive epileptiform activity is a common and under-studied comorbidity of Alzheimer’s disease that may significantly contribute to onset of clinical symptoms independently of other neuropathological features such as β-amyloid deposition. We used repeated treatment with low dose kainic acid (KA) to trigger subthreshold epileptiform activity in young (less than 6 months) wild-type (WT) and APP/PSEN1 mice to test the role of disruption to the glutamatergic system in epileptiform activity changes and the development of memory deficits. Short-term repeated low-dose KA (five daily treatments with 5 mg/kg, IP) impaired long-term potentiation in hippocampus of APP/PSEN1 but not WT mice. Long-term repeated low-dose KA (fourteen weeks of bi-weekly treatment with 7.5–10 mg/kg) led to high mortality in APP/PSEN1 mice. KA treatment also impaired memory retention in the APP/PSEN1 mice in a Morris water maze task under cognitively challenging reversal learning conditions where the platform was moved to a new location. Four weeks of bi-weekly treatment with 5 mg/kg KA also increased abnormal spike activity in APP/PSEN1 and not WT mice but did not impact sleep/wake behavioral states. These findings suggest that hyperexcitability in Alzheimer’s disease may indeed be an early contributor to cognitive decline that is independent of heavy β-amyloid-plaque load, which is absent in APP/PSEN1 mice under 6 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Wilcox
- Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - D C Consoli
- Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - A A Tienda
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - S Dixit
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - R A Buchanan
- Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - J M May
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - W P Nobis
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - F E Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America.
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Singh A, Kuttippurath J, Abbhishek K, Mallick N, Raj S, Chander G, Dixit S. Biogenic link to the recent increase in atmospheric methane over India. J Environ Manage 2021; 289:112526. [PMID: 33848879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is a prominent Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and its global atmospheric concentration has increased significantly since the year 2007. Anthropogenic CH4 emissions are projected to be 9390 million metric tonnes by 2020. Here, we present the long-term changes in atmospheric methane over India and suggest possible alternatives to reduce soil emissions from paddy fields. The increase in atmospheric CH4 concentrations from 2009 to 2020 in India is significant, about 0.0765 ppm/decade. The Indo-Gangetic Plains, Peninsular India and Central India show about 0.075, 0.076 and 0.074 ppm/decade, respectively, in 2009-2020. Seasonal variations in CH4 emissions depend mostly on agricultural activities and meteorology, and contribution during the agricultural intensive period of Kharif-Rabi (i.e., June-December) is substantial in this regard. The primary reason for agricultural soil emissions is the application of chemical fertilizers to improve crop yield. However, for rice farming, soil amendments involving stable forms of carbon can reduce GHG emissions and improve soil carbon status. High crop production in pot culture experiment resulted in lower potential yield-scaled GHG emissions in rice with biochar supplement. The human impact of global warming induced by agricultural activities could be reduced by using biochar as a natural solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singh
- CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India; AGFE Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - J Kuttippurath
- CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - K Abbhishek
- CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - N Mallick
- AGFE Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - S Raj
- CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - G Chander
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - S Dixit
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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11
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Dixit S, Thakur N, Shukla A, Upadhyay SK, C Verma P. Molecular characterization of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor from Bemisia tabaci. Insect Mol Biol 2021; 30:231-240. [PMID: 33368750 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic ligand gated channels that are highly permeable to calcium ions. In insects, NMDARs are associated with glutamatergic neurotransmission governing diverse physiological and biological processes like vitellogenesis and ovarian development. Therefore, NMDAR may act as attractive target for insect pest control. In present study, we performed structural and functional characterization of NMDARs in Bemisia tabaci, a highly invasive crop pest and potent virus vector. We identified that NMDAR consists of three subunits each encoded by single gene in whiteflies which are highly conserved among different insect orders. Expression analysis suggests that subunit 1 (BtNR1) and subunit 2 (BtNR2) are the main functional units. External supplementation of NMDAR ligand or BtNRs silencing was lethal to insects, which suggested that NMDAR function is highly balanced in whiteflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixit
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Thakur
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- DST-Centre for Policy Research, IIT-Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - A Shukla
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S K Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - P C Verma
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Dixit PB, Dixit S, Dahal S, Poudel P, Roy D, Manandhar N. Pattern of Dental Problems among Patients Visiting a Dental Hospital during COVID-19 Pandemic. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 18:58-61. [PMID: 33605240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Nepal is a part of this worldwide corona virus disease. In this critical situation, the patients have a sense of insecurity visiting dental hospital. Objective To assess the pattern of dental problems in patients visiting a dental college during COVID-19. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Dental Hospital of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from May to August 2020. The patients visiting the Dental hospital were assessed for dental problems. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20. Frequency and percentage for pattern of dental problems were calculated. Result Most of the patients of age group of 14 to 31 years 530 (36.53%) had dental problems during the survey period. Out of total patients having dental emergency, 739 (50.93%) were males and 712 (49.07%) were females. Majority 545 (37.56%) visited the dental hospital for endodontic consultation followed by emergency consultation for oral surgical procedures 298 (20.54%). Least consulted dental emergency condition was prosthodontic consultation 18 (1.24%). Conclusion The study findings showed that the major dental problems in patients causing emergency visit to dental hospital during COVID-19 pandemic period were dental pain and swelling requiring endodontic consultation and the least need felt is prosthodontic consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Dixit
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Department of Prosthodontics, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - S Dahal
- Department of Community and Public Health Dentistry, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - P Poudel
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - D Roy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - N Manandhar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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13
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Dixit S, Garg S. Enzymatic degradation of sulphonated azo dye using purified azoreductase from facultative Klebsiella pneumoniae. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 66:79-85. [PMID: 32946071 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heterologously expressed and purified azoreductase enzyme from facultative Klebsiella pneumoniae was used to degrade sulphonated azo dye. Methyl orange (MO) was used as the model dye to study the azo dye decolorization potential of the purified enzyme at different conditions. The enzyme had maximum activity at 40 °C and pH 8.0. The enzyme was observed to be thermo-stable as some enzyme activity was retained even at 80 °C. The apparent kinetic parameters, i.e., appKm and appVmax, for azoreductase using MO as a substrate were found to be 17.18 μM and 0.08/min, respectively. The purified enzyme was able to decolorize approximately 83% of MO (20 μM) within 10 min in the presence of NADH. Thus, efficient decolorization of MO was observed by the purified enzyme. The recombinant enzyme was purified approximately 18-fold with 46% yield at the end of four steps of the purification process. Enzyme was present in a tetrameric structure as confirmed by the volume at which protein was eluted in gel filtration chromatography, and the monomeric molecular mass of enzyme was found to be 23 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The dye degradation efficiency of azoreductase cloned from Klebsiella pneumoniae and purified from recombinant Escherichia coli was observed to be much higher as compared with the efficiencies of the reported azoreductases from other bacterial strains. In the present study, we report the purification and characterization of the azoreductase cloned from Klebsiella pneumoniae and expressed in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Dixit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India
| | - Sanjeev Garg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, UP, 208016, India.
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Sahoo L, Sahoo S, Mohanty M, Sankar M, Dixit S, Das P, Rasal KD, Rather MA, Sundaray JK. Molecular characterization, computational analysis and expression profiling of Dmrt1 gene in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:413-426. [PMID: 31880491 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1707683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism of fish morphology, physiology and behavior is diverse and complex in nature. Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor (Dmrt) is a large protein family whose function is sexual development and differentiation in vertebrates. Here, we report a full-length cDNA sequence of Labeo rohita (rohu) Dmrt1 of 907 bp length having 798 bp of open reading frame encoding 265 amino acids. The molecular weight of rohu DMRT1 protein was found to be 28.74 KDa and isoelectric point was 7.53. DMRT1 protein contains 23 positively and 24 negatively charged amino acids with a GRAVY score of -0.618. A characteristic DM domain was found in DMRT1 protein, which is a novel DNA-binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed maximum similarity with Cyprinus carpio when compared with DMRT1 of other vertebrates. Molecular docking study identified active sites to be targeted for drug designing. Rohu DMRT1 was observed to interact with other proteins such as FOXL2, CYP19a1a, AMH and SOX9a. Differential expression study revealed higher expression in testis tissue implying its role in male sex differentiation and testicular development. The information generated in the present work could facilitate further research to resolve the issues related to gonadal maturation and reproduction of commercially important aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Mohanty
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Sankar
- ICAR-Central Marine Research Institute, Mandapam Regional Centre, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dixit
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P Das
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - K D Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M A Rather
- Division of Fish genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - J K Sundaray
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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15
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Dwibedi B, Sabat J, Dixit S, Rathore S, Subhadra S, Panda S, Pati SS, Mandal M, Ho LM, Thakur B, Kar SK. Epidemiological and clinical profile of Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 in Odisha, eastern India. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02639. [PMID: 31667431 PMCID: PMC6812237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic of flu is highly contagious and it spreads through air. In 2009 H1N1 influenza virus emerged after reassortment of North American TRIG and Eurasia Avian like virus of swine and started epidemic in Mexico. The first cases were reported from Hyderabad city on 16th May 2009 in India that spread rapidly within a short span of time. During this period large population of Odisha situated at the eastern side of India was also affected and incidences of H1N1 cases were recorded through state Government surveillance system. In this study real time RT-PCR based diagnosis was conducted for the throat swabs collected from suspected H1N1 cases in Odisha during 2009–2017. A total of 2872 throat swabs were received from 23 different Government and private hospitals and 21.1% positivity was confirmed. The disease affected mostly 46–60 years age group, males (50.6%) being more affected. The clinical features had shown that fever with cough (89.6%) was the most common symptom followed by shortness of breath (72.7%). Post monsoon was the peak season in which most of the cases were reported. Neurological signs, pregnancy, diabetes and hypertension were found to be risk factors for H1N1. The case fatality rate (CFR) was 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dwibedi
- Dept. of Pediatrics, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - J Sabat
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Dixit
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Rathore
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Subhadra
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Panda
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S S Pati
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Mandal
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - L M Ho
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - B Thakur
- Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S K Kar
- SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sabat J, Subhadra S, Thakur B, Panda M, Panda S, Pati SS, Ho LM, Dixit S, Rathore SK, Kar SK, Dwibedi B. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of the dengue strains circulating in Odisha, India. Virusdisease 2019; 30:380-386. [PMID: 31803805 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-019-00544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue has emerged as a major public health challenge in terms of both changing clinical pattern and epidemiological features. The state of Odisha reported first dengue epidemic in the year 2010 and this continued each year in epidemic form during post monsoon period gradually becoming an endemic phenomenon. Present study depicts the changing epidemiological and clinical pattern of dengue with reference to its serotypes and genotypes. The study included 5320 suspected dengue cases from different health facilities of the state during 2010-2017. Dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody was done through ELISA. Serotyping was done through RTPCR by amplifying a part of core-pre-membrane gene (CprM) followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Dengue IgM antibody in 17.7% cases and NS1 antigen in 53.20% cases was detected. Dengue serotype 2 (DEN-2) was the only serotype detected in 2010 and 2011 where as all four serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4 were detected in 2012-2017, DEN-2 being dominant but in 2017 DEN-3 was found to be dominant. Phylogenetic analysis revealed genotype IV of DEN-2 and genotype III of DEN-1 and DEN-3 circulating in this region. In 6 cases involvement of DEN-2 in clinically evident encephalitis cases is an important observation in this region and needs public health attention. High prevalence of dengue was observed without any previous reported outbreaks in the state with increased number of cases from 2010 to 2012 affecting both urban and rural areas. High incidence in 2012 was due to co-circulation of more than one serotype which continued in the following years. Severity in some cases was associated with mixed infection but in most cases it was mild indicating the endemic nature of the virus in most parts of Odisha.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sabat
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S Subhadra
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - B Thakur
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - M Panda
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S Panda
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S S Pati
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - L M Ho
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S Dixit
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S K Rathore
- 2ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 India
| | - S K Kar
- 3Directorate of Medical research, IMS & SUM Hospital, S 'O' A University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030 India
| | - B Dwibedi
- 1Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019 India
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Koppiker C, Noor A, Dixit S, Busheri L, Sharan G, Dhar U, Allampati H, Nare S. Surgical management of multifocal/multicentric and locally advanced breast cancer with extreme oncoplasty. Breast 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(19)30371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, Ballard W, Miers R, Eberhard C, Sparks K, Thraikill K, Edwards J, Fowlkes S, Kemp A, Morales L, Holland L, Johnson P, Paul A, Ghatak K, Fiske S, Phelen H, Leyland T, Henderson D, Brenner E, Oppenheimer I, Mamkin C, Moniz C, Clarson M, Lovell A, Peters V, Ford J, Ruelas D, Borut D, Burt M, Jordan S, Castilla P, Flores M, Ruiz L, Hanson J, Green-Blair R, Sheridan K, Garmeson J, Wintergerst G, Pierce A, Omoruyi M, Foster S, Kingery A, Lunsford I, Cervantes T, Parker P, Price J, Urben I, Guillette H, Doughty H, Haydock V, Parker P, Bergman S, Duncum C, Rodda A, Perelman R, Calendo C, Barrera E, Arce-Nunez Y, Geyer S, Martinez M, De la Portilla I, Cardenas L, Garrido M, Villar R, Lorini E, Calandra G, D’Annuzio K, Perri N, Minuto C, Hays B, Rebora R, Callegari O, Ali J, Kramer B, Auble S, Cabrera P, Donohoue R, Fiallo-Scharer M, Hessner P, Wolfgram A, Henderson C, Kansra N, Bettin R, McCuller A, Miller S, Accacha J, Corrigan E, Fiore R, Levine T, Mahoney C, Polychronakos V, Henry M, Gagne H, Starkman M, Fox D, Chin F, Melchionne L, Silverman I, Marshall L, Cerracchio J, Cruz A, Viswanathan J, Heyman K, Wilson S, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn A, Lala P, Clesi M, Genet G, Uwaifo A, Charron T, Allerton W, Hsiao B, Cefalu L, Melendez-Ramirez R, Richards C, Alleyn E, Gustafson M, Lizanna J, Wahlen S, Aleiwe M, Hansen H, Wahlen C, Karges C, Levy A, Bonaccorso R, Rapaport Y, Tomer D, Chia M, Goldis L, Iazzetti M, Klein C, Levister L, Waldman E, Keaton N, Wallach M, Regelmann Z, Antal M, Aranda C, Reynholds A, Vinik P, Barlow M, Bourcier M, Nevoret J, Couper S, Kinderman A, Beresford N, Thalagne H, Roper J, Gibbons J, Hill S, Balleaut C, Brennan J, Ellis-Gage L, Fear T, Gray L, Law P, Jones C, McNerney L, Pointer N, Price K, Few D, Tomlinson N, Leech D, Wake C, Owens M, Burns J, Leinbach A, Wotherspoon A, Murray K, Short G, Curry S, Kelsey J, Lawson J, Porter S, Stevens E, Thomson S, Winship L, Liu S, Wynn E, Wiltshire J, Krebs P, Cresswell H, Faherty C, Ross L, Denvir J, Drew T, Randell P, Mansell S, Lloyd J, Bell S, Butler Y, Hooton H, Navarra A, Roper G, Babington L, Crate H, Cripps A, Ledlie C, Moulds R, Malloy J, Norton B, Petrova O, Silkstone C, Smith K, Ghai M, Murray V, Viswanathan M, Henegan O, Kawadry J, Olson L, Maddox K, Patterson T, Ahmad B, Flores D, Domek S, Domek K, Copeland M, George J, Less T, Davis M, Short A, Martin J, Dwarakanathan P, O’Donnell B, Boerner L, Larson M, Phillips M, Rendell K, Larson C, Smith K, Zebrowski L, Kuechenmeister M, Miller J, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels H, Speer N, Forghani R, Quintana C, Reh A, Bhangoo P, Desrosiers L, Ireland T, Misla C, Milliot E, Torres S, Wells J, Villar M, Yu D, Berry D, Cook J, Soder A, Powell M, Ng M, Morrison Z, Moore M, Haslam M, Lawson B, Bradley J, Courtney C, Richardson C, Watson E, Keely D, DeCurtis M, Vaccarcello-Cruz Z, Torres K, Muller S, Sandberg H, Hsiang B, Joy D, McCormick A, Powell H, Jones J, Bell S, Hargadon S, Hudson M, Kummer S, Nguyen T, Sauder E, Sutton K, Gensel R, Aguirre-Castaneda V, Benavides, Lopez D, Hemp S, Allen J, Stear E, Davis T, O’Donnell R, Jones A, Roberts J, Dart N, Paramalingam L, Levitt Katz N, Chaudhary K, Murphy S, Willi B, Schwartzman C, Kapadia D, Roberts A, Larson D, McClellan G, Shaibai L, Kelley G, Villa C, Kelley R, Diamond M, Kabbani T, Dajani F, Hoekstra M, Sadler K, Magorno J, Holst V, Chauhan N, Wilson P, Bononi M, Sperl A, Millward M, Eaton L, Dean J, Olshan H, Stavros T, Renna C, Milliard, Brodksy L, Bacon J, Quintos L, Topor S, Bialo B, Bancroft A, Soto W, Lagarde H, Tamura R, Lockemer T, Vanderploeg M, Ibrahim M, Huie V, Sanchez R, Edelen R, Marchiando J, Palmer T, Repas M, Wasson P, Wood K, Auker J, Culbertson T, Kieffer D, Voorhees T, Borgwardt L, DeRaad K, Eckert E, Isaacson H, Kuhn A, Carroll M, Xu P, Schubert G, Francis S, Hagan T, Le M, Penn E, Wickham C, Leyva K, Rivera J, Padilla I, Rodriguez N, Young K, Jospe J, Czyzyk B, Johnson U, Nadgir N, Marlen G, Prakasam C, Rieger N, Glaser E, Heiser B, Harris C, 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Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler 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Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Parikh S, Murray L, Kenning L, Bottomley D, Din O, Dixit S, Ferguson C, Handforth C, Joseph L, Mokhtar D, White L, Wright G, Henry A. Real-world Outcomes and Factors Predicting Survival and Completion of Radium 223 in Metastatic Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018; 30:548-555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Humagain M, Dixit S, Bhandari B, Khanal S, Singh PK. Self-Perception of Halitosis among Undergraduate Students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences - A Questionnaire Based Study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2018; 16:89-93. [PMID: 30631025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Halitosis is a frequently reported oral health problem worldwide with a prevalence rate of 10-30% in the general population. It is defined as the disagreeable or foul smelling breath originating consistently from a person's oral cavity. It not only effects the normal daily life activities of the patient but also bring humiliation, reduced self- esteem, ultimately resulting into decreased quality of life. Objective To determine the self-perception of halitosis among undergraduate students of different medical branches of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS); Kavre, Nepal. Method A descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among undergraduate students of Physiotherapy, B.Sc Nursing, Bachelor of Nursing Sciences (BNS), MBBS and BDS program of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and were distributed among 500 undergraduate students. Result Out of total 500 distributed questionnaires, 406 were completely filled and returned giving an overall response of 81.2%, in which 70 (89.7%) male and 280 (85.4%) female students from different medical branches were aware of the term halitosis. Among them 29 (7.14%) of students think that they suffer from halitosis. Similarly 178 (43.84%) students had severe impact of halitosis on their social life while 153 (37.68%) and 62 (15.27%) students had moderate and mild impact respectively. Conclusion Due to the multifactorial complexity of halitosis, further longitudinal studies including objective assessment of malodor are required to determine its prevalence and to further investigate the association of this problem with other etiological factors in the context of Nepal. Also, curriculum of different fields should be modified to include this simple but very necessary topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Humagain
- Department of Periodontology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - B Bhandari
- Department of Periodontology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Khanal
- Department of Periodontology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P K Singh
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Muser D, Liang J, Hayashi T, Castro S, Pathak R, Magnani S, Rame J, Zado E, Garcia F, Frankel D, Dixit S, Callans D, Zado E, Sinagra G, Marchlinski F, Santangeli P. 073_16945-L4 Severity of Heart Failure and Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2017.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Muser D, Santangeli P, Liang J, Castro S, Hayashi T, Magnani S, Pathak R, Garcia F, Supple G, Riley M, Lin D, Schaller R, Dixit S, Zado E, Frankel D, Callans D, Marchlinski F. 073_16944-L4 Collateral Injury of the Conduction System During Interventricular Septal Substrate Modification In Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Impact on Long-term Outcomes. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2017.09.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Chaurasia NK, Upadhyaya C, Dixit S. Comparative Study to Determine the efficacy of Zinc Oxide Eugenol and Alveogyl in Treatment of Dry Socket. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2017; 15:203-206. [PMID: 30353893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Dry socket is one of the most common complications following permanent tooth extraction, especially mandibular third molar. Management remains controversial and different authors have shown different results with the use of zinc oxide eugenol and AlveogylTM, some preferring AlveogylTM over zinc oxide eugenol. Objective To determine the incidence, possible risk factors and compare the effectiveness of two most commonly used agents (Zinc oxide eugenol and AlveogylTM) for management of dry socket. Method Dry socket patients were randomly divided into two groups. Various risk factors were recorded through proper history. After thorough irrigation with normal saline, zinc oxide eugenol paste mixed with cotton pellet was placed in one group whereas AlveogylTM was placed in another group. Intensity of pain was recorded on visual analogue scale of Zero to ten. Pain score was recorded at the time of diagnosis, thirty and sixty minutes after placement of medication and on second, fifth, seventh and tenth day. The medication was changed every day until the pain subsided. The data were collected and analyzed using SPPS software (version 20). Result Incidence of dry socket was 4.70%, more common in males (59.09%). It was more common after extraction mandibular third molar. Initial and final pain relief on visual analogue scale was better with use of zinc oxide eugenol. Conclusion Zinc oxide Eugenol paste is more effective in management of dry socket for early as well as final pain relief compared to AlveogylTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Chaurasia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - C Upadhyaya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Ionita G, Malviya A, Rajbhandari R, Schluter WW, Sharma G, Kakchapati S, Rijal S, Dixit S. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection among people living with HIV/AIDS visiting antiretroviral therapy centres in Nepal: a first nationally representative study. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 60:64-69. [PMID: 28483724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infections among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Nepal. METHODS A sample of 677 PLHIV representing key affected populations (KAP) in Nepal, who were undergoing antiretroviral (ART) therapy in ART clinics around the country, were voluntarily enrolled in the study. Rapid kit-based testing followed by ELISA for validation was performed, focusing on HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with HBV and HCV co-infection. RESULTS HCV and HBV co-infection among the 677 PLHIV was found to be 19% (95% confidence interval (CI) 16.6-22.7%) and 4.4% (95% CI 3.1-6.6%), respectively. The Eastern Region had the highest percentage of HCV infection (48%). The age group with the highest rates of co-infection was 30-39 years (58% and 70%, respectively, for HCV and HBV co-infection). After adjusting for confounding, males were more likely to have HBV co-infection than females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.61, 95% CI 1.42-14.98). Similarly, PLHIV who were male (AOR 5.7, 95% CI 2.06-15.98), had a secondary level of education (AOR 3.04, 95% CI 1.06-8.70), or who were drug users (AOR 28.7, 95% CI 14.9-55.22) were significantly more likely to have HCV co-infection. CONCLUSION This first ever national assessment of HIV, HBV, and HCV co-infection performed among PLHIV in Nepal demonstrates that HCV and HBV infections are a health threat to this population and that interventions are required to mitigate the effects of co-infection and to prevent further morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ionita
- United Nations Development Programme, Project Management Unit, Guinea-Bissau
| | | | - R Rajbhandari
- Centre for Molecular Dynamics Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - W William Schluter
- World Health Organization - Western Pacific Regional Office (WPRO), Manila, Philippines
| | | | - S Kakchapati
- Centre for Molecular Dynamics Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Rijal
- United Nations Children's Fund, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Centre for Molecular Dynamics Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Spaeth ML, Manes KR, Bowers M, Celliers P, Nicola JMD, Nicola PD, Dixit S, Erbert G, Heebner J, Kalantar D, Landen O, MacGowan B, Van Wonterghem B, Wegner P, Widmayer C, Yang S. National Ignition Facility Laser System Performance. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary L. Spaeth
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Kenneth R. Manes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. Bowers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - P. Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J.-M. Di Nicola
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - P. Di Nicola
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Dixit
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - G. Erbert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. Heebner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. Kalantar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - O. Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. MacGowan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. Van Wonterghem
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - P. Wegner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. Widmayer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Yang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-466, Livermore, California 94550
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Haan SW, Atherton J, Clark DS, Hammel BA, Callahan DA, Cerjan CJ, Dewald EL, Dixit S, Edwards MJ, Glenzer S, Hatchett SP, Hicks D, Jones OS, Landen OL, Lindl JD, Marinak MM, Macgowan BJ, Mackinnon AJ, Meezan NB, Milovich JL, Munro DH, Robey HF, Salmonson JD, Spears BK, Suter LJ, Town RP, Weber SV, Kline JL, Wilson DC. NIF Ignition Campaign Target Performance and Requirements: Status May 2012. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-tfm20-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Haan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. Atherton
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. S. Clark
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. A. Hammel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. A. Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. J. Cerjan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - E. L. Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Dixit
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. J. Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. Glenzer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. P. Hatchett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. Hicks
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - O. S. Jones
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - O. L. Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Lindl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. M. Marinak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. J. Macgowan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - A. J. Mackinnon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - N. B. Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. L. Milovich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - D. H. Munro
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - H. F. Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Salmonson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - B. K. Spears
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - L. J. Suter
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - R. P. Town
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. V. Weber
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. L. Kline
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - D. C. Wilson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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27
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Pathak R, Kochar A, Gordon J, Marchlinski F, Dixit S. Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Left Ventricular Papillary Muscle Arrhythmias. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Coombs CC, Sallman DA, Devlin SM, Dixit S, Mohanty A, Knapp K, Al Ali NH, Lancet JE, List AF, Komrokji RS, Padron E, Arcila ME, Klimek VM, van den Brink MRM, Tallman MS, Levine RL, Rampal RK, Rapaport F. Mutational correlates of response to hypomethylating agent therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2016; 101:e457-e460. [PMID: 27418649 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.148999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Coombs
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Sallman
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sean M Devlin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shweta Dixit
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abhinita Mohanty
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristina Knapp
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Najla H Al Ali
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Lancet
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alan F List
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rami S Komrokji
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric Padron
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Maria E Arcila
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia M Klimek
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Martin S Tallman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross L Levine
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raajit K Rampal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - Franck Rapaport
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, New York, NY, USA
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Saxena AK, Saxena VL, Dixit S. Mapping of protein-protein interaction network of Alexander disease. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:17-21. [PMID: 27262796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Alexander disease (ALXD) is slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects white matter of the central nervous system. The main cause of disorder is mutation in GFAP gene and mutation in some other genes were also reported. This study was aimed at getting a better insight into ALXD pathogenesis and identifying the important functional and highly interconnected nodes in human protein interaction network, identifying the important sub-networks in the system could be helpful in understanding the underlying molecular mechanism. The topological analysis of human protein interaction network strategy to identify highly interconnected sub-network modules from which six proteins are found i.e. GFAP, PLEC, CRYAB, NDUFV1, CASP3 and MAPK14 plays important role in disease. Further, the enrichment analysis of interaction network identifies crucial pathways in which most of the diseased proteins overlaps. Through system biology approach, the undirected human protein interaction network of ALXD is buildup with the help of Cytoscape tool and its various plugins helps to investigate network further. The systematic approach suggests the finding of previously known proteins, GFAP, PLEC, CRYAB, NDUFV1, CASP3 and MAPK14 can be used as a drug targets and potential treatment discovered also enrichment analysis will provide guidance for the future study on Alexander disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Saxena
- D.A.V. College Department of Zoology Kanpur (U.P.) India
| | - V L Saxena
- Centre of DBT (Govt. of India), D.G. (P.G.) College Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility Kanpur (U.P) India
| | - S Dixit
- Centre of DBT (Govt. of India), D.G. (P.G.) College Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility Kanpur (U.P) India
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Crane JK, Kruschwitz B, Yang ST, Bowers M, Browning D, Budge T, Canning D, Chou J, Consentino A, Nicola JMD, Dixit S, Dorrer C, Erbert G, Hackel R, Heebner J, Hill E, Johnston M, Kelly J, Kwiatkowski J, Shaw M, Smith L, Wegner P, Zuegel J. Performance measurements on NIF beamlines for future experiments to support polar direct drive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/717/1/012088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Humagain M, Rokaya D, Srii R, Dixit S, Kafle D. Gender Based Comparison of Gingival Zenith Esthetics. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2016; 14:148-152. [PMID: 28166072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The size, proportion and gingival zenith position of maxillary anterior teeth plays in the anterior teeth esthetics. Objective To compare the gingival zenith positions and levels between male and female in right and left side as an esthetic parameter. Method Impression of the maxillary arch was made in each participant with irreversible hydrocolloid, and dental cast was made with dental stone type IV. Two clinical parameters were evaluated: (1) the gingival zenith position (GZP) from the vertical bisected midline along the long axis of each individual maxillary anterior tooth; and (2) the gingival zenith level (GZL) of the lateral incisors in an apical-coronal direction relative to the gingival line joining the tangents of the GZP of the adjacent central incisor and canine teeth under healthy conditions. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS with the level of significance (α) = 0.05. Descriptive statistics was done and Independent t-test was used to compare the GZP and GZL between male and female. Result In male, the gingival zenith position for right side central, lateral and canine were 1.05 mm, 0.57 mm and 0.14 mm, and in left side were 1.02 mm, 0.53 mm, 0.15 mm. In female, the gingival zenith position for right side central, lateral and canine were 0.99 mm, 0.48 mm and 0.15 mm, and in left side were 0.94 mm, 0.44 mm and 0.14 mm. The gingival zenith position was significantly different between male and female for both lateral incisors. In addition, significantly different was found for the lateral incisor between right and left side. In male, the gingival zenith level of right and left lateral incisors 0.74 mm and 0.71 mm. In female, the gingival zenith level of right and left lateral incisors 0.76 mm and 0.72 mm. No significant difference was found between male and female for the gingival zenith level of right and left lateral incisors. Conclusion The GZP and GZL obtained from this study can be clinically applied to reestablish the GZP of the maxillary anterior teeth during periodontal surgery; crown lengthening or root coverage procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Humagain
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D Rokaya
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - R Srii
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D Kafle
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Dixit S, Upadhyaya C, Humagain M, Srii R, Marla V. Clinico-histopathological Survey of Head and Neck Cancer at Tertiary Health Care Centre -Dhulikhel Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2016; 14:167-171. [PMID: 28166075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Head and neck is one of the most prevalent site for cancers along with lungs, cervix, breast and stomach. Hospital based cancer registries required for effective evaluation of diagnosis and management of cancer is inadequate in Nepal. Cancer registry system established by WHO is acquired by seven major hospitals in our country. However, data from tertiary health care centres like ours remain undocumented. Objective The objective of this study is to perform retrospective analysis of clinicohistopathological types of head and neck lesions which were eventually diagnosed as cancer in Dhulikel Hospital, a tertiary health care centre of Central East Nepal. Method Data regarding head and neck lesions diagnosed as cancer (January 2001- December 2014) were extracted from the archives of Department of General Pathology. These cases were categorised according to demographic profile, site of cancer and histological diagnosis. Result A total of 240 cases matched the inclusion criteria and were selected for this study. Male: Female ratio of 1.3:1 with a mean age of 52 years (52.82±1.8) was found. Two hundred and two (84.16%) patients were diagnosed with carcinoma, 31 (15%) with lymphoma, 3 (1.25%) with melanoma, 2(0.83%) with small round cell tumor and 2 (0.83%) with sarcoma. The most common histological types of carcinoma seen were Squamous cell carcinoma (138 cases; 57.5%) followed by papillary carcinoma (26 cases; 10.8%). Among the lymphomas Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (21 cases; 8.75%) was the most predominant type. The most common site of presentation was oral cavity (60 cases; 25%) followed by skin (36 cases; 15%), thyroid (32 cases; 13.33%) and oesophagus (27 cases; 11.25%). Metastasis to cervical lymph node was found in 39 cases (16.25%). Conclusion Based on these finding, it was observed that Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type followed by different epithelial and mesenchymal malignancies in head and neck region. The results revealed by this study will provide useful information for planning the health care policies about cancer in Nepal and will be more effective and helpful to the patients of remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixit
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - C Upadhyaya
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - M Humagain
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - R Srii
- Department of Dentistry, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - V Marla
- College of Dental Surgery, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan Nepal
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Jog S, Prayag S, Rajhans P, Zirpe K, Dixit S, Pillai L, Shah J, Penurkar M, Kakrani A, Yadav A, Kadapatti K, Pawar B, Joshi P, Salunke D, Deshpande A, Patel D. Dengue infection with multiorgan dysfunction:-sofa score, arterial lactate and serum albumin levels are predictors of outcome. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4798189 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Döppner T, Callahan DA, Hurricane OA, Hinkel DE, Ma T, Park HS, Berzak Hopkins LF, Casey DT, Celliers P, Dewald EL, Dittrich TR, Haan SW, Kritcher AL, MacPhee A, Le Pape S, Pak A, Patel PK, Springer PT, Salmonson JD, Tommasini R, Benedetti LR, Bond E, Bradley DK, Caggiano J, Church J, Dixit S, Edgell D, Edwards MJ, Fittinghoff DN, Frenje J, Gatu Johnson M, Grim G, Hatarik R, Havre M, Herrmann H, Izumi N, Khan SF, Kline JL, Knauer J, Kyrala GA, Landen OL, Merrill FE, Moody J, Moore AS, Nikroo A, Ralph JE, Remington BA, Robey HF, Sayre D, Schneider M, Streckert H, Town R, Turnbull D, Volegov PL, Wan A, Widmann K, Wilde CH, Yeamans C. Demonstration of High Performance in Layered Deuterium-Tritium Capsule Implosions in Uranium Hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:055001. [PMID: 26274424 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first layered deuterium-tritium (DT) capsule implosions indirectly driven by a "high-foot" laser pulse that were fielded in depleted uranium hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility. Recently, high-foot implosions have demonstrated improved resistance to ablation-front Rayleigh-Taylor instability induced mixing of ablator material into the DT hot spot [Hurricane et al., Nature (London) 506, 343 (2014)]. Uranium hohlraums provide a higher albedo and thus an increased drive equivalent to an additional 25 TW laser power at the peak of the drive compared to standard gold hohlraums leading to higher implosion velocity. Additionally, we observe an improved hot-spot shape closer to round which indicates enhanced drive from the waist. In contrast to findings in the National Ignition Campaign, now all of our highest performing experiments have been done in uranium hohlraums and achieved total yields approaching 10^{16} neutrons where more than 50% of the yield was due to additional heating of alpha particles stopping in the DT fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D A Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - O A Hurricane
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D E Hinkel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - T Ma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - H-S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - L F Berzak Hopkins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D T Casey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - E L Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - T R Dittrich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S W Haan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A L Kritcher
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A MacPhee
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S Le Pape
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A Pak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P K Patel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P T Springer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J D Salmonson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R Tommasini
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - L R Benedetti
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - E Bond
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Caggiano
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Church
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S Dixit
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D N Fittinghoff
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Hatarik
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Havre
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - H Herrmann
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S F Khan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J L Kline
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - G A Kyrala
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - F E Merrill
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Moody
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A S Moore
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston RG7, United Kingdom
| | - A Nikroo
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - J E Ralph
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - H F Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Sayre
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Schneider
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - H Streckert
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - R Town
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Turnbull
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P L Volegov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A Wan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - K Widmann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - C H Wilde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Yeamans
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Sholter D, Olszynski W, Baer P, Sheriff M, Dixit S, Chow A, Haraoui B, Choquette D, Kelsall J, Sampalis J, Rampakakis E, Nantel F, Tkaczyk C, Lehman A. SAT0338 Does Treatment Improve HAQ or Do Patients Adjust How They Do Things? An Exploration of the HAQ-DI Vs the HAQ-ADI Over Time. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Faraawi R, Dixit S, Mulgund M, Bensen W, Kelsall J, Choquette D, Baker M, Fortin I, Sampalis J, Rampakakis E, Tkaczyk C, Lehman A, Nantel F. AB1163 Prevalence of Smoking and Impact on Disease Parameters Among Ankylosing Spondylitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients Treated with Infliximab or Golimumab. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sholter D, Kelsall J, Arendse R, Avina-Zubieta A, Bensen W, Zummer M, Faraawi R, Dixit S, Khraishi M, Fortin I, Sampalis J, Psaradellis E, Nantel F, Tkaczyk C, Lehman A. SAT0557 Predictors of Response in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Treated with Anti-TNF in a Real-World Setting. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Basnyat B, Pokharel P, Dixit S, Giri S. Antibiotic Use, Its Resistance in Nepal and Recommendations for Action: A Situation Analysis. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2015; 13:102-111. [PMID: 26744193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are crucial, life-saving medicines in the fight against infectious disease, but resistance to these drugs is growing all over. This article presents key findings from a detailed situation analysis produced by the Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP)-Nepal working group. In the absence of nationally-representative surveillance, it is not possible to fully describe antibiotic resistance in the country, but many important bacterial pathogens are highly resistant to most first-line and some second-line antibiotics, according to available reports. In credible studies, more than half of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates tested, and over 30 percent of some Shigella spp. and Vibrio cholerae isolates were resistant to first-line antibiotics. The findings for Neisseria gonorrheae and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus are similar. Antibiotic use in animal food is poorly documented in Nepal, but it is commonly acknowledged to be widespread, contributing to the overall antibiotic resistance burden. The volume of veterinary antibiotic sales in Nepal rose over 50 percent from 2008 to 2012, most through retailers without veterinarian prescription. Antibiotics are necessary to treat infections in animals, but they are also used extensively for preventing disease, a use that can be restricted without jeopardizing animal or human health. They may also be used for promoting animal growth, which can be eliminated with no health consequences. Nepal has made important advances in reducing mortality and morbidity and increasing health coverage, but has not yet taken steps to address antibiotic resistance. The GARP-Nepal working group outlines the components of a national strategy on antibiotic resistance, consistent with the recent call by the World Health Organization for national action plans, to be developed collaboratively with stakeholders and partners from government and all relevant sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Basnyat
- Global Abtibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP)-Nepal
| | - P Pokharel
- B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan,Nepal
| | - S Dixit
- Center for Molecular Dynamics, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Giri
- Nepal Public Health Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Ma T, Hurricane OA, Callahan DA, Barrios MA, Casey DT, Dewald EL, Dittrich TR, Döppner T, Haan SW, Hinkel DE, Berzak Hopkins LF, Le Pape S, MacPhee AG, Pak A, Park HS, Patel PK, Remington BA, Robey HF, Salmonson JD, Springer PT, Tommasini R, Benedetti LR, Bionta R, Bond E, Bradley DK, Caggiano J, Celliers P, Cerjan CJ, Church JA, Dixit S, Dylla-Spears R, Edgell D, Edwards MJ, Field J, Fittinghoff DN, Frenje JA, Gatu Johnson M, Grim G, Guler N, Hatarik R, Herrmann HW, Hsing WW, Izumi N, Jones OS, Khan SF, Kilkenny JD, Knauer J, Kohut T, Kozioziemski B, Kritcher A, Kyrala G, Landen OL, MacGowan BJ, Mackinnon AJ, Meezan NB, Merrill FE, Moody JD, Nagel SR, Nikroo A, Parham T, Ralph JE, Rosen MD, Rygg JR, Sater J, Sayre D, Schneider MB, Shaughnessy D, Spears BK, Town RPJ, Volegov PL, Wan A, Widmann K, Wilde CH, Yeamans C. Thin shell, high velocity inertial confinement fusion implosions on the national ignition facility. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:145004. [PMID: 25910132 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.145004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Experiments have recently been conducted at the National Ignition Facility utilizing inertial confinement fusion capsule ablators that are 175 and 165 μm in thickness, 10% and 15% thinner, respectively, than the nominal thickness capsule used throughout the high foot and most of the National Ignition Campaign. These three-shock, high-adiabat, high-foot implosions have demonstrated good performance, with higher velocity and better symmetry control at lower laser powers and energies than their nominal thickness ablator counterparts. Little to no hydrodynamic mix into the DT hot spot has been observed despite the higher velocities and reduced depth for possible instability feedthrough. Early results have shown good repeatability, with up to 1/2 the neutron yield coming from α-particle self-heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O A Hurricane
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D A Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M A Barrios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D T Casey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E L Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T R Dittrich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S W Haan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D E Hinkel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L F Berzak Hopkins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S Le Pape
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A G MacPhee
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Pak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H-S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P K Patel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H F Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J D Salmonson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P T Springer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Tommasini
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L R Benedetti
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Bionta
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E Bond
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Caggiano
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C J Cerjan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J A Church
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S Dixit
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Dylla-Spears
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Field
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D N Fittinghoff
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Guler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Hatarik
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H W Herrmann
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W W Hsing
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O S Jones
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S F Khan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J D Kilkenny
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - J Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T Kohut
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Kozioziemski
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Kritcher
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G Kyrala
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B J MacGowan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A J Mackinnon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N B Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F E Merrill
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J D Moody
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S R Nagel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Nikroo
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - T Parham
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J E Ralph
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M D Rosen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Sater
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Sayre
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M B Schneider
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Shaughnessy
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B K Spears
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R P J Town
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P L Volegov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A Wan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Widmann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C H Wilde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Yeamans
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is not only a clinical syndrome characterizing hyperglycemia, but is also a cause of debilitating problem known as peripheral neuropathy (PN). This review addresses the importance of diagnosing PN in a clinical setting as PN causes pain and discomfort in lower extremities, loss or absence of protective sensations in the lower extremities leading to balance problems, risk of foot ulcerations, and a reduced quality of life in adults with type 2 diabetes. A variety of modalities or methods are available to evaluate both subjective and objective measures of peripheral nerve functions, and have been discussed in detail in this review. It is of utmost importance to understand that evaluating PN as a routine practice in a simple way may also play a vitally important role in preventing foot ulcers or fall-related morbidity and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixit
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Taylor AW, Dixit S, Yu J. Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line Suppression of Phagolysosome Activation. Int J Ophthalmol Eye Sci 2015; Suppl 2:1-6. [PMID: 25905107 PMCID: PMC4403791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The eye is an immune privileged tissue with multiple mechanisms of immunosuppression to protect the light gathering tissues from the damage of inflammation. One of theses mechanisms involves retinal pigment epithelial cell suppression of phagosome activation in macrophages. The objective of this work is to determine if the human RPE cell line ARPE-19 is capable of suppressing the activation of the phagolysosome in macrophages in a manner similar to primary RPE. The conditioned media of RPE eyecups, sub-confluent, just confluent cultures, or established confluent cultures of human ARPE-19 cells were generated. These condition media were used to treat macrophages phagocytizing pHrodo bioparticles. After 24 hours incubation the macrophages were imaged by fluorescent microscopy, and fluorescence was measured. The fluorescent intensity is proportional to the amount of bioparticles phagocytized and are in an activated phagolysosome. The conditioned media of in situ mouse RPE eyecups significantly suppressed the activation of phagolysosome. The conditioned media from cultures of human ARPE-19 cells, grown to sub-confluence (50%) or grown to confluence had no effect on phagolysosome activation. In contrast, the conditioned media from established confluent cultures significantly suppressed phagolysosome activation. The neuropeptides alpha-MSH and NPY were depleted from the conditioned media of established confluent ARPE-19 cell cultures. This depleted conditioned media had diminished suppression of phagolysosome activation while promoting macrophage cell death. In addition, the condition media from cultures of ARPE-19 monolayers wounded with a bisecting scrape was diminished in suppressing phagolysosome activation. This technical report suggests that like primary RPE monolayers, established confluent cultures of ARPE-19 cells produce soluble factors that suppress the activation of macrophages, and can be used to study the molecular mechanisms of retinal immunobiology. In addition, the results further demonstrate the importance of an intact monolayer of RPE cells to modulate immune cell activity within the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- AW Taylor
- Corresponding Author: Andrew W. Taylor, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Room L915, Boston, MA 02118, USA., Tel: 617-912-7452,
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Dixit S, Singh DP. Role of free living, immobilized and non-viable biomass of Nostoc muscorum in removal of heavy metals: an impact of physiological state of biosorbent. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2014; 60:110-118. [PMID: 25535721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biosorption of Pb and Cd by using free living, immobilized living and non-viable forms of Nostocmuscorum was studied as a function of pH (3-8), contact time (5-240 min) and metal concentration (10-100 μg ml-1), to find out the most efficient physiological formfor metal removal. Results revealed that optimum conditions for biosorption of both the metals by different states of biosorbentwere almost same (contact time- 30 min, metal concentration- 100 μg ml-1 and pH- 5.1 and 6, for Pb and Cd, respectively) however, the immobilized biomass of N. muscorum was found to be more suitable for the development of an efficient biosorbent as evident from theqmax(1000 mg g-1protein) and Kf (0.08 mg g-1protein) values obtained from the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. A pseudo second order kinetics was found more suitable for describing the nature of biosorption of both the metals by all the three forms of N. muscorum. An analysis of correlation revealed that as the metal concentration increases, the removal of Pb and Cd by N. muscorum also increases significantly. The regression analysis showed that the rate of removal of Pb by free living and dead biomass was 1.89 and 1.58 times higher than the rate of removal of Cd by respective biomass. In contrast, the rate of removal of Cd by immobilized biomass was 1.46 times higher than that of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixit
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Department of Environmental Science Lucknow India
| | - D P Singh
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Department of Environmental Science Lucknow India dpsingh_lko@yahoo.com
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Dixit S, Dubey R, Bhushan R. High-performance liquid chromatography for analytical and small-scale preparative separation of (R,S)-mexiletine using (S)-(—)-(N)-trifluoroacetyl-prolyl chloride and (1S)-(—)-camphanic chloride and recovery of native enantiomer by detagging. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.26.2014.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dixit S, Mohan A, Aziz, Achawal S, O'Rielley G, Rajaraman C, Baker L, Gill L, Hingorani M. P15 * COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES OF BEVACIZUMAB AND PCV CHEMOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT AND PROGRESSIVE GLIOBLASTOMA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou249.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mayfield A, Dixit S, Jackson R, Kamkar M, Davis D. INTERLEUKIN 6 MEDIATES POST INFARCT REPAIR BY HUMAN CARDIAC STEM CELLS. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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47
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Jubulis J, Kinikar A, Ithape M, Khandave M, Dixit S, Hotalkar S, Kulkarni V, Mave V, Gupte N, Kagal A, Jain S, Bharadwaj R, Gupta A. Modifiable risk factors associated with tuberculosis disease in children in Pune, India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:198-204. [PMID: 24429313 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING India accounts for the largest burden of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, with 26% of the world's cases. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between novel modifiable risk factors and TB in Indian children. DESIGN Cases were children aged ≤ 5 years with confirmed/probable TB based on World Health Organization definitions (definition 1). Controls were healthy children aged ≤ 5 years. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of being a TB case given exposure, including indoor air pollution (IAP; exposure to tobacco smoke and/or biomass fuels) and vitamin D deficiency. Cases were re-analyzed according to a new consensus research definition of pediatric TB (definition 2). RESULTS Sixty cases and 118 controls were enrolled. Both groups had high levels of vitamin D deficiency (55% vs. 50%, P = 0.53). In multivariable analysis, TB was associated with household TB exposure (aOR 25.41, 95%CI 7.03-91.81), household food insecurity (aOR 11.55, 95%CI 3.33-40.15) and IAP exposure (aOR 2.67, 95%CI 1.02-6.97), but not vitamin D deficiency (aOR 1.00, 95%CI 0.38-2.66). Use of definition 2 reduced the number of cases to 25. In multivariate analysis, TB exposure, household food insecurity and IAP remained associated with TB. CONCLUSIONS Household TB exposure, exposure to IAP and household food insecurity were independently associated with pediatric TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jubulis
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - A Kinikar
- Byramji Jeejeebhoy Medical College (BJMC), Pune, India
| | - M Ithape
- BJMC Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | | | - S Dixit
- Byramji Jeejeebhoy Medical College (BJMC), Pune, India
| | | | | | - V Mave
- BJMC Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - N Gupte
- BJMC Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - A Kagal
- BJMC Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - S Jain
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - A Gupta
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kapila S, Reid I, Dixit S, Fulcher G, March L, Jackson C, Cooper A. Use of dermal injection of activated protein C for treatment of large chronic wounds secondary to pyoderma gangrenosum. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:785-90. [PMID: 25155809 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a systemic disease that presents with cutaneous necrotizing ulceration, producing deep necrotic ulcers, usually with a raised, undermined, violaceous border. Treatment typically involves high dose immunosuppressive drugs, but more recently anti-tumour necrosis factor and monoclonal antibodies have been used. Activated protein C (APC) stimulates wound healing in patients with treatment-refractory skin ulcers, possibly by stimulating angiogenesis and re-epithelialization, and preventing inflammation. AIM To investigate whether APC may be beneficial as a treatment for ulcers related to cutaneous PG. METHODS Two patients were recruited with a clinical history and physical and histopathological evidence of acute PG. A total of 400 μg (1.0 mL) of APC was injected subcutaneously into the dermal edge of necrotic PG ulcers weekly for a total treatment period of 6 weeks. Photographs were taken, and clinical progress, ulcer size and pain score were monitored during this period and after the cessation of treatment, at weeks 8 and 12. RESULTS Over the 12 weeks of the trial, APC led to a reduction in wound size from 3.8 cm(2) to 0.8 cm(2) in patient 1 (78.9% decrease) and from 41 cm(2) to 16 cm(2) in patient 2 (70.0% decrease, respectively), and a reduction in pain scores from 10 to 0 (100% decrease) in both patients. CONCLUSION Although this study has limited because of its small sample size and lack of a true placebo group, it does indicate that APC has potential as a therapeutic option for patients with chronic skin ulcers from PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapila
- Department of Dermatology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Haraoui B, Sheriff M, Khraishi M, Starr M, Kelsall J, Baker M, Arendse R, Dixit S, Bensen W, Baer P, Faraawi R, Rampakakis E, Sampalis J, Otawa S, Lehman A, Nantel F, Shawi M. THU0241 Predictors of Acr/Eular Boolean and SDAI Remission in Patients with Established Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Anti-TNF: an Analysis from the Prospective, Observational Registry, Biotrac. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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50
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Sholter D, Bensen W, Choquette D, Fortin I, Arendse R, Kelsall J, Sheriff M, Faraawi R, Rodrigues J, Zummer M, Dixit S, Starr M, Rampakakis E, Sampalis J, Nantel F, Shawi M, Otawa S, Lehman A. AB1044 Are There Gender Specific Differences in Patient Reported Outcomes at Initiation of Golimumab Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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