1
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Worby CJ, Sridhar S, Turbett SE, Becker MV, Kogut L, Sanchez V, Bronson RA, Rao SR, Oliver E, Walker AT, Walters MS, Kelly P, Leung DT, Knouse MC, Hagmann SHF, Harris JB, Ryan ET, Earl AM, LaRocque RC. Gut microbiome perturbation, antibiotic resistance, and Escherichia coli strain dynamics associated with international travel: a metagenomic analysis. Lancet Microbe 2023; 4:e790-e799. [PMID: 37716364 PMCID: PMC10680401 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culture-based studies have shown that acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales is common during international travel; however, little is known about the role of the gut microbiome before and during travel, nor about acquisition of other antimicrobial-resistant organisms. We aimed to identify (1) whether the gut microbiome provided colonisation resistance against antimicrobial-resistant organism acquisition, (2) the effect of travel and travel behaviours on the gut microbiome, and (3) the scale and global heterogeneity of antimicrobial-resistant organism acquisition. METHODS In this metagenomic analysis, participants were recruited at three US travel clinics (Boston, MA; New York, NY; and Salt Lake City, UT) before international travel. Participants had to travel internationally between Dec 8, 2017, and April 30, 2019, and have DNA extractions for stool samples both before and after travel for inclusion. Participants were excluded if they had at least one low coverage sample (<1 million read pairs). Stool samples were collected at home before and after travel, sent to a clinical microbiology laboratory to be screened for three target antimicrobial-resistant organisms (extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, and mcr-mediated colistin-resistant Enterobacterales), and underwent DNA extraction and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. We profiled metagenomes for taxonomic composition, antibiotic-resistant gene content, and characterised the Escherichia coli population at the strain level. We analysed pre-travel samples to identify the gut microbiome risk factors associated with acquisition of the three targeted antimicrobial resistant organisms. Pre-travel and post-travel samples were compared to identify microbiome and resistome perturbation and E coli strain acquisition associated with travel. FINDINGS A total of 368 individuals travelled between the required dates, and 296 had DNA extractions available for both before and after travel. 29 travellers were excluded as they had at least one low coverage sample, leaving a final group of 267 participants. We observed a perturbation of the gut microbiota, characterised by a significant depletion of microbial diversity and enrichment of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Metagenomic strain tracking confirmed that 67% of travellers acquired new strains of E coli during travel that were phylogenetically distinct from their pre-travel strains. We observed widespread enrichment of antibiotic-resistant genes in the gut, with a median 15% (95% CI 10-20, p<1 × 10-10) increase in burden (reads per kilobase per million reads). This increase included antibiotic-resistant genes previously classified as threats to public health, which were 56% (95% CI 36-91, p=2 × 10-11) higher in abundance after travel than before. Fluoroquinolone antibiotic-resistant genes were aquired by 97 (54%) of 181 travellers with no detected pre-travel carriage. Although we found that visiting friends or relatives, travel to south Asia, and eating uncooked vegetables were risk factors for acquisition of the three targeted antimicrobial resistant organisms, we did not observe an association between the pre-travel microbiome structure and travel-related antimicrobial-resistant organism acquisition. INTERPRETATION This work highlights a scale of E coli and antimicrobial-resistant organism acquisition by US travellers not apparent from previous culture-based studies, and suggests that strategies to control antimicrobial-resistant organisms addressing international traveller behaviour, rather than modulating the gut microbiome, could be worthwhile. FUNDING US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Worby
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sushmita Sridhar
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E Turbett
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret V Becker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucyna Kogut
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan A Bronson
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sowmya R Rao
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Oliver
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison Taylor Walker
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maroya Spalding Walters
- Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul Kelly
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Bronx Care Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniel T Leung
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mark C Knouse
- Department of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Stefan H F Hagmann
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York/Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Jason B Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pediatric Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward T Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Travellers' Advice and Immunization Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashlee M Earl
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Regina C LaRocque
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Travellers' Advice and Immunization Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Brugel M, Dupont M, Carlier C, Botsen D, Essi DE, Sanchez V, Slimano F, Perrier M, Bouché O. Association of palliative care management and survival after chemotherapy discontinuation in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A retrospective single-centre observational study. Pancreatology 2023:S1424-3903(23)00069-8. [PMID: 37037682 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care (PC) is integrated into standard oncology care. However, its clinical impact at the end of life remains unclear in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA). We aimed to describe the end-of-life care pathway and to assess whether PC referral influences survival after chemotherapy discontinuation (CD) among advanced PA patients. METHODS This retrospective single-centre observational study was conducted among deceased patients with advanced PA who had received chemotherapy between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021. Baseline characteristics, the timing of PC referral and events after CD were collected. The primary outcome was time from CD to death. RESULTS Among the 148 included patients, 53.4% (n = 79) received PC, mostly late after the CD (n = 133, 89.9%), 16.9% (n = 25) received chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life and 75.6% died at the hospital. None received PC in the 8 weeks following the diagnosis. PC referral significantly increased PC department admissions (p < 0.001) and decreased medical unit admissions (p < 0.001). The median survival after the CD was 35 days (IQR: 19-64.5). PC referral was associated with increased survival after CD (HR: 0.65 [0.47-0.90], p = 0.010, Cox) and after adjusting (HR: 0.65 [0.42-0.99], p = 0.045, Cox). CONCLUSION The study suggests that PC may be associated with longer survival after CD in advanced PA patients. However, PC is underused, and patients are referred late in their care pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brugel
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Ambulatory Oncology Care Unit, CHU Reims, Reims, France.
| | - M Dupont
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
| | - C Carlier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Ambulatory Oncology Care Unit, CHU Reims, Reims, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
| | - D Botsen
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Ambulatory Oncology Care Unit, CHU Reims, Reims, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
| | - D Edoh Essi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
| | - V Sanchez
- Department of Palliative Care, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - F Slimano
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Pharmacy, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - M Perrier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Ambulatory Oncology Care Unit, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - O Bouché
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Department of Ambulatory Oncology Care Unit, CHU Reims, Reims, France
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3
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Ye Z, Lane C, Beachey J, Medina-Inojosa J, Galian L, Dentamaro I, Calvo-Iglesias F, Alegret J, Sanchez V, Moral S, Bellino M, Enriquez-Sarano M, Bagnati R, Evangelista A, Michelena H. Clinical outcomes in patients with bicuspid aortic valves and ascending aorta dilatation equal or above 50mm. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Little is known about clinical outcomes in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and ascending aortic diameters ≥50 mm where the elective surgical-indication zone begins.
Purpose
To assess incident aortic dissection (AoD), post-surgical survival and guideline implementation.
Methods
Multi-center retrospective study of BAV patients (≥18 years) with maximal root or tubular-ascending aortic diameters ≥50mm detected by transthoracic echocardiography at baseline. Ascertainment of aortic surgery, AoD and death was carried-out at their respective institutions. The primary outcome was AoD: “confirmed” AoD by surgery or death certificate, or “possible” AoD defined as sudden cardiac death of unknown cause by death certificate. Secondary outcomes were aortic surgery, post-surgical survival and guideline implementation.
Results
We included 506 consecutive BAV patients, mean age 61±14 years, 83% men, mean maximal aortic diameter 52±2 mm at baseline, ascending aorta was the most common segment ≥50mm (85%). During a median follow-up of 7.7 years, 356 (71%) underwent elective surgery (89% of class 1 patients). Early-surgery (≤6 months from baseline) occurred in 195 patients and 311 patients remained “under-surveillance”. Surgery under-surveillance (>6 months from baseline) occurred in 161/311 (52%) patients at 2.6 [IQR: 1.5–4.7] years of follow-up. Surgical mortality was 1.4%. Ten-year post-surgical survival was >90% and similar between early-surgery and surgery under-surveillance (p=0.8). Of 8 AoD events, 3 confirmed and 5 possible (all occurring in unoperated patients under-surveillance), 5 events occurred with maximal aortic baseline diameter ≥55 mm and/or >1 year without clinical follow-up; therefore, under guideline non-compliance. Incidence of confirmed plus possible aortic dissection was 0.37% per year with size 50–54mm, 1.13% per year between 55–59mm, and 10.41% per year with size ≥60mm. Aortic stenosis was associated with AoD (p=0.04) and all-cause death in unoperated patients (p=0.001).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that BAV patients can be safely followed as per guidelines after aortic diameters enter the elective surgical zone (≥50mm), with excellent post-surgical survival regardless of whether surgery is early- or under-surveillance. Appropriate guideline implementation for surgical thresholds and interval clinical follow-up could have prevented most AoD events. Valvular disease guideline should also be followed to prevent AoD and improve survival in these patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ye
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , United States of America
| | - C Lane
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , United States of America
| | - J Beachey
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , United States of America
| | | | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - I Dentamaro
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - J Alegret
- University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Cardiology , Reus , Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Cardiology , Madrid , Spain
| | - S Moral
- University Hospital de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Cardiology , Girona , Spain
| | - M Bellino
- University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi dAragona, Cardiovascular and Thoracic , Salerno , Italy
| | | | - R Bagnati
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Cardiology , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - A Evangelista
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - H Michelena
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , United States of America
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4
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Vormstein-Schneider D, Lin JD, Pelkey KA, Chittajallu R, Guo B, Arias-Garcia MA, Allaway K, Sakopoulos S, Schneider G, Stevenson O, Vergara J, Sharma J, Zhang Q, Franken TP, Smith J, Ibrahim LA, Mastro KJ, Sabri E, Huang S, Favuzzi E, Burbridge T, Xu Q, Guo L, Vogel I, Sanchez V, Saldi GA, Gorissen BL, Yuan X, Zaghloul KA, Devinsky O, Sabatini BL, Batista-Brito R, Reynolds J, Feng G, Fu Z, McBain CJ, Fishell G, Dimidschstein J. Publisher Correction: Viral manipulation of functionally distinct interneurons in mice, non-human primates and humans. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:1247. [PMID: 35945454 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica D Lin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Pelkey
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh Chittajallu
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baolin Guo
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario A Arias-Garcia
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Allaway
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sofia Sakopoulos
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gates Schneider
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Stevenson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josselyn Vergara
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jitendra Sharma
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qiangge Zhang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tom P Franken
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jared Smith
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leena A Ibrahim
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J Mastro
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ehsan Sabri
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shuhan Huang
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emilia Favuzzi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Burbridge
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Lihua Guo
- Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ian Vogel
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giuseppe A Saldi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bram L Gorissen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kareem A Zaghloul
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernardo L Sabatini
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Reynolds
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Guoping Feng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhanyan Fu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chris J McBain
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gord Fishell
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordane Dimidschstein
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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5
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Shveda RA, Rajappan A, Yap TF, Liu Z, Bell MD, Jumet B, Sanchez V, Preston DJ. A wearable textile-based pneumatic energy harvesting system for assistive robotics. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo2418. [PMID: 36001663 PMCID: PMC9401630 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wearable assistive, rehabilitative, and augmentative devices currently require bulky power supplies, often making these tools more of a burden than an asset. This work introduces a soft, low-profile, textile-based pneumatic energy harvesting system that extracts power directly from the foot strike of a user during walking. Energy is harvested with a textile pump integrated into the insole of the user's shoe and stored in a wearable textile bladder to operate pneumatic actuators on demand, with system performance optimized based on a mechano-fluidic model. The system recovered a maximum average power of nearly 3 W with over 20% conversion efficiency-outperforming electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric alternatives-and was used to power a wearable arm-lift device that assists shoulder motion and a supernumerary robotic arm, demonstrating its capability as a lightweight, low-cost, and comfortable solution to support adults with upper body functional limitations in activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Shveda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Anoop Rajappan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Te Faye Yap
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Marquise D. Bell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Barclay Jumet
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel J. Preston
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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6
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Lee WK, Preston DJ, Nemitz MP, Nagarkar A, MacKeith AK, Gorissen B, Vasios N, Sanchez V, Bertoldi K, Mahadevan L, Whitesides GM. A buckling-sheet ring oscillator for electronics-free, multimodal locomotion. Sci Robot 2022; 7:eabg5812. [PMID: 35138883 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.abg5812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Locomotion of soft robots typically relies on control of multiple inflatable actuators by electronic computers and hard valves. Soft pneumatic oscillators can reduce the demand on controllers by generating complex movements required for locomotion from a single, constant input pressure, but either have been constrained to low rates of flow of air or have required complex fabrication processes. Here, we describe a pneumatic oscillator fabricated from flexible, but inextensible, sheets that provides high rates of airflow for practical locomotion by combining three instabilities: out-of-plane buckling of the sheets, kinking of tubing attached to the sheets, and a system-level instability resulting from connection of an odd number of pneumatic inverters made from these sheets in a loop. This device, which we call a "buckling-sheet ring oscillator" (BRO), directly generates movement from its own interaction with its surroundings and consists only of readily available materials assembled in a simple process-specifically, stacking acetate sheets, nylon film, and double-sided tape, and attaching an elastomeric tube. A device incorporating a BRO is capable of both translational and rotational motion over varied terrain (even without a tether) and can climb upward against gravity and downward against the buoyant force encountered under water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Daniel J Preston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Markus P Nemitz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amit Nagarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Arthur K MacKeith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Benjamin Gorissen
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nikolaos Vasios
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Katia Bertoldi
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - L Mahadevan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Department of Physics, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - George M Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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7
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Romero Castro M, Fernandez Galindo M, Garcia Robles JA, Musa LA, Fernandez Herrero I, Priego Rodenas MA, Sanchez V, Jimenez Lopez-Guarch C, Corros-Vicente C, Carbonell San-Roman AS, Arribas Ysaurriaga F, Solis J. Regadenoson stress echocardiography: a road ahead. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Drugs use in stress echocardiography (SE) have important limitations due to side effect and contraindications. Regadenoson (R) is emerging as a selective coronary vasodilator for pharmacological stress tests. Several studies have analyzed its diagnostic accuracy, but its prognostic value has not yet been studied.
Purpose
The objective is to assess safety and short-medium term prognosis in patients (p) who underwent SE with R.
Methods
Retrospective observational study. 126 patients were included from 2017 to 2020 and SE to study the detection of myocardial ischemia with R were performed. A positive SE test were consider if presented at least one of the follow: segmental changes in myocardial contractility, electrocardiography ischaemic changes or ischaemic symtomps. Adverse events (AE) were collected. To assess prognosis, we evaluated cardiovascular events (CV) with a median follow-up of 23 months, considering heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction (AMI) o cardiovascular death. We compare negative result SE test group (NG) with group of positive results (PG).
Results
Sixteen (13%) patients, presented AE, generally mild, with nausea in 4 patients. Two patients (1.6%) required the use of aminophylline for severe AE type bronchospasm.
Nineteen studies (15%) were positive: 17 (89%) showed echocardiographically positive results, 5 of them also had clinical or electrocardiographic positivity, one (5%) was considered positive only by electrocardiographic criteria and another by clinical criteria.
There were no CV deaths at follow-up. In the NG, 6 events were observed versus 2 in the PG (6 vs 11%). Time to event of the NG was a median of 90 [3-600] days versus 110 [40-180] days in the PG. The most frequent event was HF (4 NG vs 1 PG), coronary angiography was performed in only 2 patients with HF of the NG and did not show significant lesions. In the NG there were 2 IAM (2 vs 0), one had severe stenosis in the right coronary artery and the other several moderate diffuse stenosis. There was no events for angina in the NG (0 vs 1). The annual cumulative incidence was 11% in the PG compared to 4% in the NG.
Conclusions
Stress echocardiography with regadenoson is a safe test with a low serious adverse events rate. As concern as prognosis, In our sample, NG presented a lower proportion of events with a lower annual cumulative incidence than PG and also in a 23-month follow-up. Abstract Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romero Castro
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - JA Garcia Robles
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | - LA Musa
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - MA Priego Rodenas
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C Corros-Vicente
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - J Solis
- UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL 12 DE OCTUBRE - MADRID HEALTH SERVICE, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Abstract
Despite the therapeutic progress, relapse remains a major problem in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Most leukemia cells that survive chemotherapy are found in the bone marrow (BM), thus resistance to chemotherapy and other treatments may be partially attributed to pro-survival signaling to leukemic cells mediated by leukemia cell-microenvironment interactions. Adhesion of leukemia cells to BM stromal cells may lead to cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) mediating intracellular signaling changes that support survival of leukemia cells. In ALL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), adhesion-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has been shown to be critical in CAM-DR. PI3K targeting inhibitors have been approved for CLL and have been evaluated preclinically in ALL. However, PI3K inhibition has yet to be approved for clinical use in ALL. Here, we review the role of PI3K signaling for normal hematopoietic and leukemia cells and summarize preclinical inhibitors of PI3K in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heather Ogana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cydney Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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9
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Matias W, Fulcher I, Nolan C, Guillaume Y, Zhu J, Molano F, Uceta E, Collins S, Slater D, Sanchez V, Moheed S, Harris J, Charles R, Paxton R, Gonsalves S, Franke M, Ivers L. 396. Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence: Findings from a Citywide Serosurvey in Holyoke, Massachusetts, November 2020–January 2021. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8644318 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab466.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Seroprevalence studies are important tools to estimate the prevalence of prior or recent SARS-CoV-2 infections. This information is critical for identifying hotspots and high-risk groups and informing public health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a city-level seroprevalence study in Holyoke, Massachusetts to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and risk factors for seropositivity.
Methods
We invited inhabitants of 2,000 randomly sampled addresses to participate between November 5 and December 31, 2020. Participants completed questionnaires measuring sociodemographic and health characteristics, and COVID-19 exposure history, and provided dried blood spots for measurement of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies. To calculate total and group seroprevalence estimates, inverse probability of response weights were constructed based on age, gender, race/ethnicity and census tract to ensure estimates represented the city’s population.
Results
We enrolled 280 households including 472 individuals. 328 underwent antibody testing. The citywide weighted seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG or IgM was 13.9% (95%CI 7.8 - 21.8) compared to 9.8% based on publicly reported case counts. Seroprevalence was 16.8% (95%CI 5.7 – 28.0) among individuals identifying as Hispanic compared to 8.9% (95%CI 3.0 - 14.7) among those identifying as White. Seroprevalence was 20.7% (95%CI 2.2 – 39.2) for ages 0-19; 13.8% (95%CI 5.6 – 22) for ages 20 – 44; 9.6% (95%CI 0 – 20.5) for ages 45 – 59; 4.8% (95%CI 0 – 10.2) for ages 60 – 84; and 42.9% (95%CI 0 – 100) for ages >85.
Table 1. Seroprevalence by antibody positivity profile
Table 2. Unweighted and weighted seroprevalence by sociodemographic characteristics
Figure 1. Seroprevalence by Medical, Symptom, Testing and Exposure History.
Conclusion
The measured SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Holyoke was only 13.9% during the second surge of SARS-CoV-2 in this region, far from accepted thresholds for “herd immunity” and highlighting the need for expanding vaccination. Individuals identifying as Hispanic were at high risk of prior infection. Subsequent community-level serosurveys are necessary to guide local responses to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cody Nolan
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jack Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Damien Slater
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Jason Harris
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ryan Paxton
- Holyoke Board of Health, Holyoke, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Louise Ivers
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Skawran SM, Sanchez V, Ghafoor S, Hötker AM, Burger IA, Huellner MW, Eberli D, Donati OF. Primary staging in patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer: Multiparametric MRI and 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI - What is the value of quantitative data from multiparametric MRI alone or in conjunction with clinical information? Eur J Radiol 2021; 146:110044. [PMID: 34844173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comparing mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI in primary staging of PCa and investigating the value of quantitative mpMRI-measurements for prediction of extracapsular extension and N-metastases. METHODS Patients with PCa undergoing 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI and mpMRI during January 2016 to February 2019 were retrospectively included. Two readers each on 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI or mpMRI rated extraprostatic extension (≥T3) and regional lymph-node-metastasis (N1) on a Likert-scale. A fifth reader measured tumor volume, maximum diameter, and capsular contact length on mpMRI. Probability of lymph-node-metastasis was additionally calculated using the 2018 Briganti model. Interobserver-agreement was assessed by squared Cohen's kappa, and diagnostic accuracy was determined using radical prostatectomy (n = 35/49) as reference standard. RESULTS 49 patients (median age 66 years [IQR: 61-72 years]) were evaluated. Interobserver-agreement for mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI was: ≥T3: κ = 0.58/0.47; N1: κ = 0.55/0.92. Diagnostic accuracy for mpMRI vs 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI readers for ≥ T3 was AUC: 0.72, 0.62 vs 0.71, 0.72 (p > 0.38) and for N1 was AUC: 0.39, 0.55 vs 0.72, 0.78 (p < 0.01). Quantitative parameters delivered diagnostic accuracies of: AUC: 0.70-0.72 for ≥ T3. The 2018 Briganti model achieved an AUC of 0.89 for N1. CONCLUSIONS Interreader-agreement regarding ≥ T3 was similar for mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI while for N1 it was higher for 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI. Diagnostic accuracy was comparable for ≥ T3 while for N1 it was higher in 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI and the 2018 Briganti model. Combining clinical data and quantitative data from mpMRI in the 2018 Briganti model yielded the highest AUC for prediction of lymph node metastasis and may aid in selecting patients who will benefit from 68Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI for primary staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan M Skawran
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soleen Ghafoor
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Andreas M Hötker
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Burger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Baden Cantonal Hospital, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Martin W Huellner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivio F Donati
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Wiens KE, Mawien PN, Rumunu J, Slater D, Jones FK, Moheed S, Caflisch A, Bior BK, Jacob IA, Lako RL, Guyo AG, Olu OO, Maleghemi S, Baguma A, Hassen JJ, Baya SK, Deng L, Lessler J, Demby MN, Sanchez V, Mills R, Fraser C, Charles RC, Harris JB, Azman AS, Wamala JF. Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 IgG in Juba, South Sudan, 2020 1. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:1598-1606. [PMID: 34013872 PMCID: PMC8153877 DOI: 10.3201/eid2706.210568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Relatively few coronavirus disease cases and deaths have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa, although the extent of its spread remains unclear. During August 10-September 11, 2020, we recruited 2,214 participants for a representative household-based cross-sectional serosurvey in Juba, South Sudan. We found 22.3% of participants had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor binding domain IgG titers above prepandemic levels. After accounting for waning antibody levels, age, and sex, we estimated that 38.3% (95% credible interval 31.8%-46.5%) of the population had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. At this rate, for each PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection reported by the Ministry of Health, 103 (95% credible interval 86-126) infections would have been unreported, meaning SARS-CoV-2 has likely spread extensively within Juba. We also found differences in background reactivity in Juba compared with Boston, Massachusetts, USA, where the immunoassay was validated. Our findings underscore the need to validate serologic tests in sub-Saharan Africa populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E. Wiens
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Pinyi Nyimol Mawien
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - John Rumunu
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Damien Slater
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Forrest K. Jones
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Serina Moheed
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Andrea Caflisch
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Bior K. Bior
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Iboyi Amanya Jacob
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Richard Lino Lako
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Argata Guracha Guyo
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Olushayo Oluseun Olu
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Sylvester Maleghemi
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Andrew Baguma
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Juma John Hassen
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Sheila K. Baya
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Lul Deng
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Justin Lessler
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Maya N. Demby
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Rachel Mills
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
| | - Clare Fraser
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (K.E. Wiens, F.K. Jones, J. Lessler, M.N. Demby, A.S. Azman)
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan (P.N. Mawien, J. Rumunu, B.K. Bior, I.A. Jacob, R.L. Lako, L. Deng)
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (D. Slater, S. Moheed, V. Sanchez, R. Mills, C. Fraser, R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- International Organization for Migration, Juba (A. Caflisch)
- World Health Organization, Juba (A.G. Guyo, O.O. Olu, S. Maleghemi, A. Baguma, J.J. Hassen, S.K. Baya, J.F. Wamala)
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda (A. Baguma)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston (R.C. Charles, J.B. Harris)
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland (A.S. Azman)
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva (A.S. Azman)
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12
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Wiens KE, Mawien PN, Rumunu J, Slater D, Jones FK, Moheed S, Caflish A, Bior BK, Jacob IA, Lako RLL, Guyo AG, Olu OO, Maleghemi S, Baguma A, Hassen JJ, Baya SK, Deng L, Lessler J, Demby MN, Sanchez V, Mills R, Fraser C, Charles RC, Harris JB, Azman AS, Wamala JF. Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Juba, South Sudan: a population-based study. medRxiv 2021:2021.03.08.21253009. [PMID: 33758900 PMCID: PMC7987059 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.08.21253009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively few COVID-19 cases and deaths have been reported through much of sub-Saharan Africa, including South Sudan, although the extent of SARS-CoV-2 spread remains unclear due to weak surveillance systems and few population-representative serosurveys. METHODS We conducted a representative household-based cross-sectional serosurvey in Juba, South Sudan. We quantified IgG antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain and estimated seroprevalence using a Bayesian regression model accounting for test performance. RESULTS We recruited 2,214 participants from August 10 to September 11, 2020 and 22.3% had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers above levels in pre-pandemic samples. After accounting for waning antibody levels, age, and sex, we estimated that 38.5% (32.1 - 46.8) of the population had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. For each RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 case, 104 (87-126) infections were unreported. Background antibody reactivity was higher in pre-pandemic samples from Juba compared to Boston, where the serological test was validated. The estimated proportion of the population infected ranged from 30.1% to 60.6% depending on assumptions about test performance and prevalence of clinically severe infections. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 has spread extensively within Juba. Validation of serological tests in sub-Saharan African populations is critical to improve our ability to use serosurveillance to understand and mitigate transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E. Wiens
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - John Rumunu
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Damien Slater
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Forrest K. Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serina Moheed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Caflish
- Displacement Tracking Matrix, International Organization for Migration, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Bior K. Bior
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Baguma
- World Health Organization, Juba, South Sudan
- Kabale University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | | | | | - Lul Deng
- Republic of South Sudan Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Justin Lessler
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maya N. Demby
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Mills
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clare Fraser
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richelle C. Charles
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason B. Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew S. Azman
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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V. Milić J, Ehnbom A, Garedew M, Vincent-Ruz P, Schloemer TH, Hodgson GK, Oakley MS, Sasaki K, Chander S, Légaré MA, Callmann CE, Bismillah AN, van Osch DJ, Sanchez V, Boase NR, Mambwe D, Coley CW, Deng Y, Betz KN, Sanjosé-Orduna J, Natoli S, Zhang L, Bakulina O, Fereyduni E, Hilario-Martínez JC, Busta L, Hunter A, Park Y, Zadeh FH. The Future of Scientific Leadership is Interdisciplinary: The 2019 CAS Future Leaders Share Their Vision. iScience 2020; 23:101442. [PMID: 32822566 PMCID: PMC7520891 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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14
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Vormstein-Schneider D, Lin JD, Pelkey KA, Chittajallu R, Guo B, Arias-Garcia MA, Allaway K, Sakopoulos S, Schneider G, Stevenson O, Vergara J, Sharma J, Zhang Q, Franken TP, Smith J, Ibrahim LA, M Astro KJ, Sabri E, Huang S, Favuzzi E, Burbridge T, Xu Q, Guo L, Vogel I, Sanchez V, Saldi GA, Gorissen BL, Yuan X, Zaghloul KA, Devinsky O, Sabatini BL, Batista-Brito R, Reynolds J, Feng G, Fu Z, McBain CJ, Fishell G, Dimidschstein J. Viral manipulation of functionally distinct interneurons in mice, non-human primates and humans. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:1629-1636. [PMID: 32807948 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent success in identifying gene-regulatory elements in the context of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors has enabled cell-type-restricted gene expression. However, within the cerebral cortex these tools are largely limited to broad classes of neurons. To overcome this limitation, we developed a strategy that led to the identification of multiple new enhancers to target functionally distinct neuronal subtypes. By investigating the regulatory landscape of the disease gene Scn1a, we discovered enhancers selective for parvalbumin (PV) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons. Demonstrating the functional utility of these elements, we show that the PV-specific enhancer allowed for the selective targeting and manipulation of these neurons across vertebrate species, including humans. Finally, we demonstrate that our selection method is generalizable and characterizes additional PV-specific enhancers with exquisite specificity within distinct brain regions. Altogether, these viral tools can be used for cell-type-specific circuit manipulation and hold considerable promise for use in therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica D Lin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Pelkey
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh Chittajallu
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baolin Guo
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario A Arias-Garcia
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Allaway
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sofia Sakopoulos
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gates Schneider
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Stevenson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josselyn Vergara
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jitendra Sharma
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qiangge Zhang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tom P Franken
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jared Smith
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leena A Ibrahim
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J M Astro
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ehsan Sabri
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shuhan Huang
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emilia Favuzzi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Burbridge
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Lihua Guo
- Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ian Vogel
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giuseppe A Saldi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bram L Gorissen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kareem A Zaghloul
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernardo L Sabatini
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Reynolds
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Guoping Feng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhanyan Fu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chris J McBain
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gord Fishell
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordane Dimidschstein
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Hoban S, Callicrate T, Clark J, Deans S, Dosmann M, Fant J, Gailing O, Havens K, Hipp AL, Kadav P, Kramer AT, Lobdell M, Magellan T, Meerow AW, Meyer A, Pooler M, Sanchez V, Spence E, Thompson P, Toppila R, Walsh S, Westwood M, Wood J, Griffith MP. Taxonomic similarity does not predict necessary sample size for ex situ conservation: a comparison among five genera. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200102. [PMID: 32345167 PMCID: PMC7282903 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectively conserving biodiversity with limited resources requires scientifically informed and efficient strategies. Guidance is particularly needed on how many living plants are necessary to conserve a threshold level of genetic diversity in ex situ collections. We investigated this question for 11 taxa across five genera. In this first study analysing and optimizing ex situ genetic diversity across multiple genera, we found that the percentage of extant genetic diversity currently conserved varies among taxa from 40% to 95%. Most taxa are well below genetic conservation targets. Resampling datasets showed that ideal collection sizes vary widely even within a genus: one taxon typically required at least 50% more individuals than another (though Quercus was an exception). Still, across taxa, the minimum collection size to achieve genetic conservation goals is within one order of magnitude. Current collections are also suboptimal: they could remain the same size yet capture twice the genetic diversity with an improved sampling design. We term this deficiency the ‘genetic conservation gap’. Lastly, we show that minimum collection sizes are influenced by collection priorities regarding the genetic diversity target. In summary, current collections are insufficient (not reaching targets) and suboptimal (not efficiently designed), and we show how improvements can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Hoban
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA
| | - Taylor Callicrate
- Species Conservation Toolkit Initiative, Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Susan Deans
- Plant Biology and Conservation Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Jeremie Fant
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, USA
| | - Oliver Gailing
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Kayri Havens
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, USA
| | - Andrew L Hipp
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA
| | | | - Andrea T Kramer
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abby Meyer
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International, US, San Marino, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Emma Spence
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Seana Walsh
- Department of Science and Conservation, National Tropical Botanical Garden, Kalāheo, HI, USA
| | | | - Jordan Wood
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, USA
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16
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Guala A, Teixido Tura G, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Ruiz Munoz A, Granato C, Galian L, Valente F, Servato L, Villalva N, Gutierrez L, Lopez Sainz A, Gonzalez-Alujas T, Sanchez V, Forteza A, Evangelista A. P1821Proximal aorta longitudinal but not circumferential strain predicts aortic events and aortic root dilation rate in marfan syndrome patients. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The most common cardiovascular complications in Marfan syndrome (MFS) are aortic root dilation and type A aortic dissections. Elective aortic root surgery is indicated when maximum aortic diameter is larger than a defined threshold or in the case of fast-progressing dilation. However, maximum aortic diameter is limited for the prediction of aortic events. Indeed, a large international registry of acute aortic syndromes reported that as much as 40% of aortic dissections happen with maximum aortic diameter lower than 50 mm. Consequently, there is a need for new, non-invasive biomarkers to improve the prediction of aortic complications.
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to assess if proximal aorta circumferential and longitudinal strain and ascending aorta distensibility were associated with progressive aortic dilation and incidence of aortic events in Marfan syndrome patients.
Methods
Eighty seven Marfan syndrome patients free from previous cardiac/aortic surgery or dissection, were prospectively included in a multicenter follow-up. Patients were diagnosed by original Ghent criteria. Proximal aorta longitudinal and circumferential strain and distensibility were computed from baseline cine CMR images by means of feature-tracking. The predictive capacity of each stiffness biomarkers was separately tested with multivariable linear regression analysis (aortic growth) and with Cox logistic regression analysis (aortic events), both corrected for clinical and demographic variables, including baseline maximum aortic diameter.
Results
During a follow-up of 81.6±17 months, mean diameter growth-rate was 0.65±0.67 mm/year and z-score growth rate was 0.07±0.13 / year. Elective aortic root replacement was performed in 11 patients while two patients presented type A aortic dissection.Baseline proximal aorta longitudinal strain was independently related to diameter growth-rate (p=0.001), z-score growth-rate (p=0.018) and aortic events (p=0.018). Conversely, neither circumferential strain nor distensibility were independent predictors of diameter growth-rate (p=0.385 and p=0.381, respectively), z-score growth-rate (p=0.515 and p=0.484, respectively) and aortic events (p=0.064 and p=0.205, respectively).
Conclusions
Proximal aorta longitudinal strain predicts aortic root dilation and major aortic events in Marfan syndrome patients beyond aortic root diameter and clinical and demographic characteristics.
Acknowledgement/Funding
ISCIII PI14/0106, La Maratό de TV3 (20151330) and CIBERCV. Guala A. FP7/People n° 267128
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guala
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - A Ruiz Munoz
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Granato
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Valente
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Servato
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Villalva
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Gutierrez
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Forteza
- University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Dentamaro I, Sao-Aviles A, Teixido G, Galian L, Gutierrez L, Gonzalez-Alujas MT, Calvo F, Sanchez V, Alegret J, Colonna P, Moreo A, Citro R, Chirillo F, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Evangelista A. P3373Predictors of dilatation of ascending aorta in patients with bicuspid aortic valve, a longitudinal multicenter study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is frequently associated to dilation of the ascending aorta. Some cross-sectional studies have related the aortic dilation with morphotype and valvular dysfunction. The aim of this longitudinal multicenter study was to analyze the progression of the aortic dilation and to identify its predictors.
Methods
We included 459 patients (mean age 52±17; 325 men 70.8%) with BAV, without aortic coarctation. The BAV morphotype, significant valvular dysfunction and dilation of the aortic root and ascending aorta were established by echocardiography. The patients were followed annually, with an average of 7.5±3.2 years.
Results
77% of the patients had BAV with a fusion between left and right cusps, 21% between right and non coronary cusps and 2% between left and non coronary cusps, with a raphe in 77% of these patients. Risk factors included: 35% hypertension, 20% smoking, 5% diabetes and 18% dyslipidemia. The baseline study showed a maximum root diameter of 36±6.2 mm and ascending aorta of 39±8.1 mm. In 7% the aortic root was>45 mm, while in 32% the ascending aorta>45 mm. There was no valvular dysfunction in 17% of patients, while the 8% had significant aortic stenosis and 35% significant aortic regurgitation. The annual growth of the aortic root was 0.33±0.2 mm and for the ascending aorta was 0.38±0.3 mm. At the end of follow-up, 16% of the patients had a root>45 mm and 41% an ascending aorta>45 mm. The annual progression of aortic diameters was not related to valvular morphotype, valvular dysfunction or cardiovascular risk factors. The univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between the annual growth of the aortic root and arterial hypertension (p=0.028) and the annual growth of the ascending aorta with the male sex (p=0.019), smoking (p=0.046) and significant (moderate or severe) aortic stenosis (p=0.013). Diabetes mellitus and the presence of raphe were found to be slightly protective (p=0.049 and p=0.031, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, only the male sex and significant aortic stenosis were independent predictors of dilation of the ascending aorta.
Conclusions
In patients with bicuspid aortic valve, the progression of the dilation of the aortic root is related to hypertension and the growth of the ascending aorta with the male sex and the presence of significant aortic stenosis. Both bicuspid valve morphotype, basal aortic diameter or age were not related to the progression of aortic dilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dentamaro
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Sao-Aviles
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Teixido
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Gutierrez
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - F Calvo
- Hospital of Meixoeiro, Cardiology Department, Vigo, Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alegret
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, Cardiology Department, Tarragona, Spain
| | - P Colonna
- Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, Cardiology Department, Bari, Italy
| | - A Moreo
- Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - R Citro
- AOU S. Giovanni e Ruggi, Cardiology Department, Salerno, Italy
| | - F Chirillo
- Bassano del Grappa General Hospital, Cardiology Department, Bassano Del Grappa, Italy
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Preston DJ, Jiang HJ, Sanchez V, Rothemund P, Rawson J, Nemitz MP, Lee WK, Suo Z, Walsh CJ, Whitesides GM. A soft ring oscillator. Sci Robot 2019; 4:4/31/eaaw5496. [DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aaw5496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodic actuation of multiple soft, pneumatic actuators requires coordinated function of multiple, separate components. This work demonstrates a soft, pneumatic ring oscillator that induces temporally coordinated periodic motion in soft actuators using a single, constant-pressure source, without hard valves or electronic controls. The fundamental unit of this ring oscillator is a soft, pneumatic inverter (an inverting Schmitt trigger) that switches between its two states (“on” and “off”) using two instabilities in elastomeric structures: buckling of internal tubing and snap-through of a hemispherical membrane. An odd number of these inverters connected in a loop produces the same number of periodically oscillating outputs, resulting from a third, system-level instability; the frequency of oscillation depends on three system parameters that can be adjusted. These oscillatory output pressures enable several applications, including undulating and rolling motions in soft robots, size-based particle separation, pneumatic mechanotherapy, and metering of fluids. The soft ring oscillator eliminates the need for hard valves and electronic controls in these applications.
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Guala A, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Ruiz Munoz A, Dux-Santoy L, Villalva N, Granato C, Galian L, Gutierrez L, Gonzalez-Alujas T, Gandara M, Sanchez V, Forteza A, Garcia-Dorado D, Evangelista A, Teixido Tura G. P412Prognostic value of proximal aorta longitudinal strain for aortic events and dilation in Marfan syndrome patients. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez118.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Guala
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Ruiz Munoz
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Dux-Santoy
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Villalva
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Granato
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Gutierrez
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Gonzalez-Alujas
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Gandara
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Forteza
- University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Garcia-Dorado
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Evangelista
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Teixido Tura
- University Hospital Vall d"Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
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Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, 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Morimoto C, Macarewich M, Norman R, Harding P, Patin K, Vargas C, Barbanica A, Yu A, Vaidyanathan P, Osborne W, Mehra R, Kaster S, Neace S, Horner J, McDonough S, Reeves G, Cordrey C, Marrs L, Miller T, Dowshen S, Doyle D, Walker S, Catte D, Dean H, Drury-Brown M, McGee PF, Hackman B, Lee M, Malkani S, Cullen K, Johnson K, Hampton P, McCarrell M, Curtis C, Paul E, Zambrano Y, Hess KO, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Veatch R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Marks J, Matheson D, Rodriguez H, Wilson D, Redondo MJ, Gomez D, Zheng X, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Gallagher MP, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, 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Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Teixido Tura G, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Gonzalez Mirelis J, Gutierrez L, Sanchez V, Galian L, Fernandez R, Gonzalez-Alujas T, Huguet F, Sao Aviles A, Ibanez B, Forteza A, Garcia-Dorado D, Evangelista A. P723Long-term efficacy of losartan vs atenolol for the prevention of aortic dilation and clinical complications in Marfan syndrome. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Teixido Tura
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J Gonzalez Mirelis
- University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Gutierrez
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Department of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Fernandez
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - F Huguet
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Sao Aviles
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Ibanez
- National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Forteza
- University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Cardiac surgery, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Garcia-Dorado
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Evangelista
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
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Dentamaro I, Galian L, Calvo F, Moral S, Robledo-Carmona J, Sanchez V, Saura D, Arnold R, Citro R, Moreo A, Chirillo F, Colonna P, Teixido G, Rdriguez-Palomares J, Evangelista A. P674Evaluation of sex differences in aortic valve dysfunction and aorta dilation in patients with bicuspid aortic valve. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Dentamaro
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Galian
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Calvo
- University Hospital Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Moral
- University Hospital de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | | | - V Sanchez
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Saura
- Hospital Clínico Univeristario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - R Arnold
- Institute of Heart Sciences (ICICOR), Valladolid, Spain
| | - R Citro
- AOU S. Giovanni e Ruggi, Salerno, Italy
| | - A Moreo
- Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - F Chirillo
- Bassano del Grappa General Hospital, Bassano Del Grappa, Italy
| | - P Colonna
- Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - G Teixido
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Evangelista
- University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Barcelona, Spain
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Keddie S, Bharambe V, Jayakumar A, Shah A, Sanchez V, Adams A, Gnanapavan S. Clinical perspectives into the use of thalidomide for central nervous system tuberculosis. Eur J Neurol 2018; 25:1345-1351. [PMID: 29935038 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) accounts for over 4% of all TB notifications in the UK and causes death or significant disability in over half of those affected. Tumour necrosis factor alpha is a critical cytokine involved in the neuropathogenesis of CNS TB. Thalidomide has been trialled in CNS TB due to its immunomodulatory and immune reconstitution effects through the inhibition of tumour necrosis factor alpha. Despite animal models demonstrating dramatic improvement in survival, studies in paediatric patients have been associated with higher levels of mortality. The effects of thalidomide have not yet been studied in adults with CNS TB. This narrative case series guides clinicians through a range of CNS TB clinical cases seen in a large London teaching hospital, serving a region with a high incidence of TB (32 per 100 000) with 55% of TB cases manifesting as extrapulmonary disease. We aimed to illustrate our experiences of using thalidomide to treat a range of severe CNS TB complications. METHODS Five inpatients at The Royal London Hospital, London, UK treated with thalidomide in addition to standard TB treatment are described in detail. The rationale for treatment initiation with thalidomide is explained. RESULTS The case examples are used to guide our reflections and lessons learnt regarding the use of thalidomide. Responses to treatment and functional outcomes suggest that thalidomide may be a useful adjunct to standard TB therapy in selected adult cases. CONCLUSIONS The experience gained from using thalidomide in this small case series may provide evidence leading to more research into using thalidomide to treat severe CNS TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Keddie
- Emergency Care and Acute Medicine Clinical Academic Group, Neuroscience, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London.,National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - V Bharambe
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - A Jayakumar
- Division of Infection, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A Shah
- Emergency Care and Acute Medicine Clinical Academic Group, Neuroscience, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London
| | - V Sanchez
- Emergency Care and Acute Medicine Clinical Academic Group, Neuroscience, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London
| | - A Adams
- Emergency Care and Acute Medicine Clinical Academic Group, Neuroscience, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London
| | - S Gnanapavan
- Emergency Care and Acute Medicine Clinical Academic Group, Neuroscience, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London.,The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
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Nowack H, Chatelard P, Chailan L, Hermsmeyer S, Sanchez V, Herranz L. CESAM – Code for European severe accident management, EURATOM project on ASTEC improvement. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sanchez V, Ali S, Cuajungco MP. Functional Characterization of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the
TMEM163
Gene. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.541.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Sanchez
- Biological ScienceCalifornia State University FullertonFullertonCA
| | - Saima Ali
- Biological ScienceCalifornia State University FullertonFullertonCA
| | - Math P. Cuajungco
- Biological ScienceCalifornia State University FullertonFullertonCA
- Center for Applied Biotechnology StudiesCalifornia State University FullertonFullertonCA
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Panariti A, Baglole CJ, Sanchez V, Eidelman DH, Hussain S, Olivenstein R, Martin JG, Hamid Q. Interleukin-17A and vascular remodelling in severe asthma; lack of evidence for a direct role. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:365-378. [PMID: 29337379 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial vascular remodelling may contribute to the severity of airway narrowing through mucosal congestion. Interleukin (IL)-17A is associated with the most severe asthmatic phenotype but whether it might contribute to vascular remodelling is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To assess vascular remodelling in severe asthma and whether IL-17A directly or indirectly may cause endothelial cell activation and angiogenesis. METHODS Bronchial vascularization was quantified in asthmatic subjects, COPD and healthy subjects together with the number of IL-17A+ cells as well as the concentration of angiogenic factors in the sputum. The effect of IL-17A on in vitro angiogenesis, cell migration and endothelial permeability was assessed directly on primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) or indirectly with conditioned medium derived from normal bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEC), fibroblasts (NHBF) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) after IL-17A stimulation. RESULTS Severe asthmatics have increased vascularity compared to the other groups, which correlates positively with the concentrations of angiogenic factors in sputum. Interestingly, we demonstrated that increased bronchial vascularity correlates positively with the number of subepithelial IL-17A+ cells. However IL-17A had no direct effect on HMVEC-L function but it enhanced endothelial tube formation and cell migration through the production of angiogenic factors by NHBE and ASMC. CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results shed light on the role of IL-17A in vascular remodelling, most likely through stimulating the synthesis of other angiogenic factors. Knowledge of these pathways may aid in the identification of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panariti
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - V Sanchez
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D H Eidelman
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Hussain
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Olivenstein
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J G Martin
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Q Hamid
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Balko JM, Johnson DB, Ericsson-Gonzalez P, Nixon MJ, Salgado R, Sanchez V, Shreeder DM, Rimm DL, Loi S, Kim JY, Bordeaux J, Sanders ME, Davis RS. Abstract P1-08-02: Breast tumor-specific MHC-II expression drives a unique pattern of adaptive resistance to antitumor immunity through MHC-II receptor checkpoint engagement. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-08-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: We have previously shown that some breast cancers express major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II), correlating with enhanced immune infiltration. In other tumor types, we have shown that MHC-II expression on tumor cells predicts clinical response to checkpoint inhibition. We sought to determine the direct effects of MHC-II on anti-tumor immunity and characterize mechanisms of immune escape in this breast cancer subset.
Methods: To determine the functional effects of MHC-II on tumor cells, we generated isogenic mouse breast tumor cells with enforced MHC-II expression and determined their ability to generate tumors in syngeneic mice, the impact on immunity, and their response to checkpoint inhibition. In a series of molecularly-characterized HER2+ (n=8) and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC; n=103), we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) for Lag-3, PD-L1, CD4, CD8, FCRL6, and granzyme B.
Results: Following injection in syngeneic immunocompetent mice, MHC-II+ mouse breast tumors were more frequently rejected (p=0.04) and recruited greater numbers of CD4+ TILs. When MHC-II+ tumors escaped rejection, they expressed higher degrees of PD-1 and Lag-3 in the tumor and in the draining lymph node. Since Lag-3 is a checkpoint that specifically targets MHC-II, we hypothesized that MHC-II+ breast cancers escape anti-tumor immunity through suppressing MHC-II-mediated antigen presentation. Combinations of anti-Lag-3 and anti-Pd-1 antibodies inhibited growth of MHC-II+ tumors. These findings led us to also explore Fc receptor-like 6 (FCRL6), a previously reported MHC-II receptor expressed on NK and cytotoxic T cells. Residual MHC-II+ TNBC post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) recruited greater numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs (p=0.0001 and p=0.0002), suggesting enhanced immune recognition. However, MHC-II+ TNBCs also demonstrated a greater frequency of Lag-3+ and FCRL6+ TILs (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively) which frequently co-occurred (p=0.003). Thus, our data suggest that MHC-II expression in breast tumors supports recruitment of MHC-II-specific checkpoint-positive TILs. In line with this concept, QIF analysis demonstrated that the presence of Lag3+ and/or FCRL6+ TILs was strongly associated with suppression of T cell cytotoxicity as assessed by granzyme-B+ CD8+ T cells (p=0.0001 and p=0.002, respectively). Functional analyses of FCRL6 on human NK cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that like Lag3, FCRL6 is a checkpoint which engages MHC-II and suppresses cytotoxic NK and T cell activity.
Conclusions: These data suggest that MHC-II+ breast tumors are immunologically active and circumvent anti-tumor immunity by targeting MHC-II antigen presentation through recruitment of Lag-3+ and FCRL6+ TILs. We describe herein FCRL6 as a novel bona fide immune checkpoint which targets MHC-II, which may impact a variety of cancers. MHC-II expression status may be a useful biomarker for patient stratification on anti-PD-1/anti-Lag-3 combination, and eventually, anti-PD-1/anti-FCRL6 combinations in patients with breast cancer.
Citation Format: Balko JM, Johnson DB, Ericsson-Gonzalez P, Nixon MJ, Salgado R, Sanchez V, Shreeder DM, Rimm DL, Loi S, Kim JY, Bordeaux J, Sanders ME, Davis RS. Breast tumor-specific MHC-II expression drives a unique pattern of adaptive resistance to antitumor immunity through MHC-II receptor checkpoint engagement [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Balko
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - DB Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - P Ericsson-Gonzalez
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - MJ Nixon
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - R Salgado
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - V Sanchez
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - DM Shreeder
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - DL Rimm
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - S Loi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - JY Kim
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - J Bordeaux
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - ME Sanders
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
| | - RS Davis
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; GZA and Jules Bordet Institute; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., a Novartis Company; University of Alabama
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Scharnagl K, Sanchez V, von Wettberg E. The impact of salinity on mycorrhizal colonization of a rare legume, Galactia smallii, in South Florida pine rocklands. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:2. [PMID: 29291742 PMCID: PMC5749014 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-3105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The success of restoration plantings depends on the capacity of transplanted individuals or seeds to establish and reproduce. It is increasingly recognized that restoration success depends quite heavily upon biotic interactions and belowground processes. Under stressful abiotic conditions, such as soils salinized by storm surge and sea level rise, symbiotic interactions with soil microbes such as mycorrhizae may be critically important. In this study, we investigate the impact of salinity on percent colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in addition to the impacts of this colonization on plant fitness under saline conditions. Fifty Galactia smallii plants from an ex situ collection were subjected to a salinity treatment for 6 weeks, and 50 plants were untreated. Plants were harvested and assessed for percent colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nodule number, shoot and root dry biomass, and micronutrient content. Results Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae was higher in plants in the salinity treatment than in untreated plants; plants in the salinity treatment were also found to have a lower root:shoot ratio, and higher phosphorus and nitrogen levels. These results support the importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in restoration efforts of endangered plants in fragmented and threatened ecosystems, such as pine rocklands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Scharnagl
- Agroecology Program, Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. .,Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Agroecology Program, Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Eric von Wettberg
- Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. .,Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05403, USA.
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Maldonado G, Gruosso D, Valera F, Mosquera V, Sanchez V, Fernandez-Tarrio R, Dominguez F, Garcia-Robles J, Rabasa J, Calvo-Iglesias F, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Evangelista A. P5168Trends in the management of acute Type A aortic intramural haematoma (IMH). Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Maldonado G, Galian L, Carro A, Gallego P, Calvo-Iglesias F, Bermejo J, Robledo-Carmona J, Sanchez V, Saura D, Arnold R, Teixido G, Granato C, Gutierrez L, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Evangelista A. P6314Echocardiography screening of first degree relatives of bicuspid aortic valve. Heritability and performance evaluation. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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31
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Maldonado G, Galian L, Gallego P, Calvo F, Bermejo J, Robledo-Carmona J, Sanchez V, Saura D, Arnold R, Teixido G, Villalva N, Granato C, Gutierrez L, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Evangelista A. P5176Aortic dilation heterogeneity in bicuspid aortic valve patients. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Funk LM, Gunnar W, Dominitz JA, Eisenberg D, Frayne S, Maggard-Gibbons M, Kalarchian MA, Livingston E, Sanchez V, Smith BR, Weidenbacher H, Maciejewski ML. A Health Services Research Agenda for Bariatric Surgery Within the Veterans Health Administration. J Gen Intern Med 2017; 32:65-69. [PMID: 28271434 PMCID: PMC5359154 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3951-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2016, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) held a Weight Management State of the Art conference to identify evidence gaps and develop a research agenda for population-based weight management for veterans. Included were behavioral, pharmacologic, and bariatric surgery workgroups. This article summarizes the bariatric surgery workgroup (BSWG) findings and recommendations for future research. The BSWG agreed that there is evidence from randomized trials and large observational studies suggesting that bariatric surgery is superior to medical therapy for short- and intermediate-term remission of type 2 diabetes, long-term weight loss, and long-term survival. Priority evidence gaps include long-term comorbidity remission, mental health, substance abuse, and health care costs. Evidence of the role of endoscopic weight loss options is also lacking. The BSWG also noted the limited evidence regarding optimal timing for bariatric surgery referral, barriers to bariatric surgery itself, and management of high-risk bariatric surgery patients. Clinical trials of pre- and post-surgery interventions may help to optimize patient outcomes. A registry of overweight and obese veterans and a workforce assessment to determine the VHA's capacity to increase bariatric surgery access were recommended. These will help inform policy modifications and focus the research agenda to improve the ability of the VHA to deliver population-based weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Funk
- William S. Middleton VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - W Gunnar
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J A Dominitz
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Eisenberg
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Frayne
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Maggard-Gibbons
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M A Kalarchian
- School of Nursing and Department of Psychology, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E Livingston
- JAMA, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Surgery at the UT Southwestern School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - V Sanchez
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B R Smith
- VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, UC Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - H Weidenbacher
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care (152), Durham VA Medical Center, 411 West Chapel Hill Street, Suite 600, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew L Maciejewski
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care (152), Durham VA Medical Center, 411 West Chapel Hill Street, Suite 600, Durham, NC, 27705, USA. .,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Balko JM, Loi S, Giltnane JM, Combs S, Estrada MV, Sanchez V, Rimm D, Sanders ME, Salgado R, Gomez H, Johnson DB. Abstract P6-10-02: MHC-II positive breast tumors are more immunogenic and may preferentially select for LAG-3-positive tumor immune infiltrates. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-10-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a T-cell checkpoint regulator and a current target in immunotherapy trials. LAG-3's main ligand is MHC class II (MHC-II), to which it binds with higher affinity than CD4. Binding of LAG3 to MHC-II antigen-presenting cells negatively regulates cellular proliferation, activation, and homeostasis of T cells, similarly to CTLA-4 and PD-1, suggesting that antibodies targeting LAG-3 may demonstrate similar anti-tumor immune effects.
Hypothesis: We recently reported an association of MHC-II on tumor cells and its involvement in mediating sensitivity to PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies. MHC-II demonstrates a strong bimodal expression pattern on tumor cells from a variety of tissues, including those of the breast. In breast cancer patients, tumor-specific MHC-II expression on TNBCs is correlated with a 'hot' immune environment. We hypothesized that 1) MHC-II expression may drive potent anti-tumor immune responses and 2) MHC-II-positive tumors that generate immunotolerance may develop a specific immune checkpoint dependency on LAG-3, since LAG-3 is the inhibitory receptor for MHC-II-mediated antigen presentation.
Methods: To determine the functionality of MHC-II in driving anti-tumor immune responses, we constitutively expressed the MHC-II master regulator CIITA in MMTV-neu mouse tumor cells and determined their ability to form tumors in immunocompetent syngeneic hosts. To evaluate the association of MHC-II+ tumors with LAG-3 expression, we evaluated LAG-3-positivity by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in lymphocytic infiltrates in a series of 111 post-NAC TNBC specimens from patients with residual disease remaining after presurgical chemotherapy. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were scored by H&E, PD-L1 and MHC-II (HLA-DR) were scored in the stroma and tumor compartments using automated quantitative immunofluorescence (AQUA).
Results: Enforced expression of MHC-II via constitutive expression of CIITA caused rejection in 60% of mice, while only 11% of mice rejected MMTV-neu tumors expressing the vector control (Fisher's exact p=0.04). All rejecting mice were immune to rechallenge with parental (non-CIITA-expressing) MMTV-neu cells, suggesting a memory effector response.
Clinically, 11/102 patients (10.8%) had LAG-3+ immune cells in their tumor. LAG-3+ tumors were strongly correlated with MHC-II positivity in tumor cells (p<0.0001). Presence of LAG-3+ cells also correlated strongly with overall TILs (p<0.0001), and PD-L1 expression on TILs (p<0.02). Since the likelihood of identifying LAG3+ lymphocytes is confounded by the inclusion of poorly-infiltrated tumors, we performed a subset analysis on only those tumors with substantial TILs (>20%). When this subset was analyzed, LAG-3 positivity retained its association with tumor MHC-II expression (p=0.0001), while the association of LAG-3 with stromal PD-L1 was reduced below the level of significance (p=0.052).
Conclusions: MHC-II expression causes increased immune activation in breast cancers, consistent with our previous findings. MHC-II positivity in breast tumors may identify a population with preferential dependence on the LAG-3 checkpoint, which may be important for future immunotherapy trials.
Citation Format: Balko JM, Loi S, Giltnane JM, Combs S, Estrada MV, Sanchez V, Rimm D, Sanders ME, Salgado R, Gomez H, Johnson DB. MHC-II positive breast tumors are more immunogenic and may preferentially select for LAG-3-positive tumor immune infiltrates [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-10-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Balko
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - S Loi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - JM Giltnane
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - S Combs
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - MV Estrada
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - V Sanchez
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - D Rimm
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - ME Sanders
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - R Salgado
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - H Gomez
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
| | - DB Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center; Genentech; Yale University; Institut Jules Bordet
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Desjarlais M, Dussault S, Sanchez V, Harel S, Hussain S, Rivard A. OXIDIZED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS REDUCE MICRO-RNA 146B EXPRESSION AND LEAD TO ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION: ROLE OF TRAF6 SIGNALING PATHWAY. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sanchez V, Miassoedov A, Steinbrück M, Tromm W. KIT multi-physics tools for the analysis of design and beyond design basis accidents of light water reactors. KERNTECHNIK 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/124.110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper describes the KIT numerical simulation tools under extension and validation for the analysis of design and beyond design basis accidents (DBA) of Light Water Reactors (LWR). The description of the complex thermal hydraulic, neutron kinetics and chemo-physical phenomena going on during off-normal conditions requires the development of multi-physics and multi-scale simulations tools which are fostered by the rapid increase in computer power nowadays. The KIT numerical tools for DBA and beyond DBA are validated using experimental data of KIT or from abroad. The developments, extensions, coupling approaches and validation work performed at KIT are shortly outlined and discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Sanchez
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - A. Miassoedov
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - M. Steinbrück
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - W. Tromm
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
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Domingos J, Augustine D, Leeson P, Noble J, Doan HL, Boubrit L, Cheikh-Khalifa R, Laveau F, Djebbar M, Pousset F, Isnard R, Hammoudi N, Lisi M, Cameli M, Di Tommaso C, Curci V, Reccia R, Maccherini M, Henein MY, Mondillo S, Leitman M, Vered Z, Rashid H, Yalcin MU, Gurses KM, Kocyigit D, Evranos B, Yorgun H, Sahiner L, Kaya B, Aytemir K, Ozer N, Bertella E, Petulla' M, Baggiano A, Mushtaq S, Russo E, Gripari P, Innocenti E, Andreini D, Tondo C, Pontone G, Necas J, Kovalova S, Hristova K, Shiue I, Bogdanva V, Teixido Tura G, Sanchez V, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Gutierrez L, Gonzalez-Alujas T, Garcia-Dorado D, Forteza A, Evangelista A, Timoteo AT, Aguiar Rosa S, Cruz Ferreira R, Campbell R, Carrick D, Mccombe C, Tzemos N, Berry C, Sonecki P, Noda M, Setoguchi M, Ikenouchi T, Nakamura T, Yamamoto Y, Murakami T, Katou Y, Usui M, Ichikawa K, Isobe M, Kwon B, Roh J, Kim H, Ihm S, Barron AJ, Francis D, Mayet J, Wensel R, Kosiuk J, Dinov B, Bollmann A, Hindricks G, Breithardt O, Rio P, Moura Branco L, Galrinho A, Cacela D, Pinto Teixeira P, Afonso Nogueira M, Pereira-Da-Silva T, Abreu J, Teresa Timoteo A, Cruz Ferreira R, Pavlyukova E, Tereshenkova E, Karpov R, Piatkowski R, Kochanowski J, Opolski G, Barbier P, Mirea O, Guglielmo M, Savioli G, Cefalu C, Pudil R, Horakova L, Rozloznik M, Balestra C, Rimbas R, Enescu O, Calin S, Vinereanu D, Karsenty C, Hascoet S, Hadeed K, Semet F, Dulac Y, Alacoque X, Leobon B, Acar P, Dharma S, Sukmawan R, Soesanto A, Vebiona K, Firdaus I, Danny S, Driessen MMP, Sieswerda G, Post M, Snijder R, Van Dijk A, Leiner T, Meijboom F, Chrysohoou C, Tsitsinakis G, Tsiachris D, Aggelis A, Herouvim E, Vogiatzis I, Pitsavos C, Koulouris G, Stefanadis C, Erdei T, Edwards J, Braim D, Yousef Z, Fraser A, Avenatti E, Magnino C, Omede' P, Presutti D, Moretti C, Iannaccone A, Ravera A, Gaita F, Milan A, Veglio F, Barbier P, Scali M, Simioniuc A, Guglielmo M, Savioli G, Cefalu C, Mirea O, Fusini L, Dini F, Okura H, Murata E, Kataoka T, Zaroui A, Ben Halima M, Mourali M, Mechmeche R, Rodriguez Palomares JF, Gutierrez L, Maldonado G, Garcia G, Otaegui I, Garcia Del Blanco B, Teixido G, Gonzalez Alujas M, Evangelista A, Garcia Dorado D, Godinho AR, Correia A, Rangel I, Rocha A, Rodrigues J, Araujo V, Almeida P, Macedo F, Maciel M, Rekik B, Mghaieth F, Aloui H, Boudiche S, Jomaa M, Ayari J, Tabebi N, Farhati A, Mourali S, Dekleva M, Markovic-Nikolic N, Zivkovic M, Stankovic A, Boljevic D, Korac N, Beleslin B, Arandjelovic A, Ostojic M, Galli E, Guirette Y, Auffret V, Daudin M, Fournet M, Mabo P, Donal E, Chin CWL, Luo E, Hwan J, White A, Newby D, Dweck M, Carstensen HG, Larsen LH, Hassager C, Kofoed KF, Jensen JS, Mogelvang R, Kowalczyk M, Debska M, Kolesnik A, Dangel J, Kawalec W, Migliore R, Adaniya M, Barranco M, Miramont G, Gonzalez S, Tamagusuku H, Davidsen ES, Kuiper KKJ, Matre K, Gerdts E, Igual Munoz B, Maceira Gonzalez A, Erdociain Perales M, Estornell Erill J, Valera Martinez F, Miro Palau V, Piquer Gil M, Sepulveda Sanchez P, Cervera Zamora A, Montero Argudo A, Placido R, Silva Marques J, Magalhaes A, Guimaraes T, Nobre E Menezes M, Goncalves S, Ramalho A, Robalo Martins S, Almeida A, Nunes Diogo A, Abid L, Ben Kahla S, Charfeddine S, Abid D, Kammoun S, Tounsi A, Abid L, Abid D, Charfeddine S, Hammami R, Triki F, Akrout M, Mallek S, Hentati M, Kammoun S, Sirbu CF, Berrebi A, Huber A, Folliguet T, Yang LT, Shih J, Liu Y, Li Y, Tsai L, Luo C, Tsai W, Babukov R, Bartosh F, Bazilev V, Muraru D, Cavalli G, Addetia K, Miglioranza M, Veronesi F, Mihaila S, Tadic M, Cucchini U, Badano L, Lang R, Miyazaki S, Slavich M, Miyazaki T, Figini F, Lativ A, Chieffo A, Montrfano M, Alfieri O, Colombo A, Agricola E, Liu D, Hu K, Herrmann S, Stoerk S, Kramer B, Ertl G, Bijnens B, Weidemann F, Brand M, Butz T, Tzikas S, Van Bracht M, Roeing J, Wennemann R, Christ M, Grett M, Trappe HJ, Scherzer S, Geroldinger A, Krenn L, Roth C, Gangl C, Maurer G, Rosenhek R, Neunteufl T, Binder T, Bergler-Klein J, Martins E, Pinho T, Leite S, Azevedo O, Belo A, Campelo M, Amorim S, Rocha-Goncalves F, Goncalves L, Silva-Cardoso J, Ahn H, Kim K, Jeon H, Youn H, Haland T, Saberniak J, Leren I, Edvardsen T, Haugaa K, Ziolkowska L, Boruc A, Kowalczyk M, Turska-Kmiec A, Zubrzycka M, Kawalec W, Monivas Palomero V, Mingo Santos S, Goirigolzarri Artaza J, Rodriguez Gonzalez E, Rivero Arribas B, Castro Urda V, Dominguez Rodriguez F, Mitroi C, Gracia Lunar I, Fernadez Lozano I, Palecek T, Masek M, Kuchynka P, Fikrle M, Spicka I, Rysava R, Linhart A, Saberniak J, Hasselberg N, Leren I, Haland T, Borgquist R, Platonov P, Edvardsen T, Haugaa K, Ancona R, Comenale Pinto S, Caso P, Coopola M, Arenga F, Rapisarda O, D'onofrio A, Sellitto V, Calabro R, Rosca M, Popescu B, Calin A, Mateescu A, Beladan C, Jalba M, Rusu E, Zilisteanu D, Ginghina C, Pressman G, Cepeda-Valery B, Romero-Corral A, Moldovan R, Saenz A, Orban M, Samuel S, Fijalkowski M, Fijalkowska M, Gilis-Siek N, Blaut K, Galaska R, Sworczak K, Gruchala M, Fijalkowski M, Nowak R, Gilis-Siek N, Fijalkowska M, Galaska R, Gruchala M, Ikonomidis I, Triantafyllidi H, Trivilou P, Tzortzis S, Papadopoulos C, Pavlidis G, Paraskevaidis I, Lekakis J, Kaymaz C, Aktemur T, Poci N, Ozturk S, Akbal O, Yilmaz F, Tokgoz Demircan H, Kirca N, Tanboga I, Ozdemir N, Greiner S, Jud A, Aurich M, Hess A, Hilbel T, Hardt S, Katus H, D'ascenzi F, Cameli M, Alvino F, Lisi M, Focardi M, Solari M, Bonifazi M, Mondillo S, Konopka M, Krol W, Klusiewicz A, Burkhard K, Chwalbinska J, Pokrywka A, Dluzniewski M, Braksator W, King GJ, Coen K, Gannon S, Fahy N, Kindler H, Clarke J, Iliuta L, Rac-Albu M, Placido R, Robalo Martins S, Guimaraes T, Nobre E Menezes M, Cortez-Dias N, Francisco A, Silva G, Goncalves S, Almeida A, Nunes Diogo A, Kyu K, Kong W, Songco G, Galupo M, Castro M, Shin Hnin W, Ronald Lee C, Poh K, Milazzo V, Di Stefano C, Tosello F, Leone D, Ravera A, Sabia L, Sobrero G, Maule S, Veglio F, Milan A, Jamiel AM, Ahmed AM, Farah I, Al-Mallah MH, Petroni R, Magnano R, Bencivenga S, Di Mauro M, Petroni S, Altorio S, Romano S, Penco M, Kumor M, Lipczynska M, Klisiewicz A, Wojcik A, Konka M, Kozuch K, Szymanski P, Hoffman P, Rimbas R, Rimbas M, Enescu O, Mihaila S, Calin S, Vinereanu D, Donal E, Reynaud A, Lund L, Persson H, Hage C, Oger E, Linde C, Daubert J, Maria Oliveira Lima M, Costa H, Gomes Da Silva M, Noman Alencar M, Carmo Pereira Nunes M, Costa Rocha M, Abid L, Charfeddine S, Ben Kahla S, Abid D, Siala A, Hentati M, Kammoun S, Kovalova S, Necas J, Ozawa K, Funabashi N, Takaoka H, Kobayashi Y, Matsumura Y, Wada M, Hirakawa D, Yasuoka Y, Morimoto N, Takeuchi H, Kitaoka H, Sugiura T, Lakkas L, Naka K, Ntounousi E, Gkirdis I, Koutlas V, Bechlioulis A, Pappas K, Katsouras C, Siamopoulos K, Michalis L, Naka K, Evangelou D, Kalaitzidis R, Bechlioulis A, Lakkas L, Gkirdis I, Tzeltzes G, Nakas G, Katsouras C, Michalis L, Generati G, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Labate V, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Zagatina A, Zhuravskaya N, Al-Mallah M, Alsaileek A, Qureshi W, Karsenty C, Hascoet S, Peyre M, Hadeed K, Alacoque X, Amadieu R, Leobon B, Dulac Y, Acar P, Yamanaka Y, Sotomi Y, Iwakura K, Inoue K, Toyoshima Y, Tanaka K, Oka T, Tanaka N, Orihara Y, Fujii K, Soulat-Dufour L, Lang S, Boyer-Chatenet L, Van Der Vynckt C, Ederhy S, Adavane S, Haddour N, Boccara F, Cohen A, Huitema M, Boerman S, Vorselaars V, Grutters J, Post M, Gopal AS, Saha S, Toole R, Kiotsekoglou A, Cao J, Reichek N, Meyer CG, Altiok E, Al Ateah G, Lehrke M, Becker M, Lotfi S, Autschbach R, Marx N, Hoffmann R, Frick M, Nemes A, Sepp R, Kalapos A, Domsik P, Forster T, Caro Codon J, Blazquez Bermejo Z, Lopez Fernandez T, Valbuena Lopez SC, Iniesta Manjavacas AM, De Torres Alba F, Dominguez Melcon F, Pena Conde L, Moreno Yanguela M, Lopez-Sendon JL, Nemes A, Lengyel C, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Orosz A, Varkonyi T, Forster T, Rendon J, Saldarriaga CI, Duarte N, Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Forster T, Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Sepp R, Foldeak D, Borbenyi Z, Forster T, Hamdy A, Fereig H, Nabih M, Abdel-Aziz A, Ali A, Broyd C, Wielandts JY, De Buck S, Michielsen K, Louw R, Garweg C, Nuyts J, Ector J, Maes F, Heidbuchel H, Gillis K, Bala G, Tierens S, Cosyns B, Maurovich-Horvat P, Horvath T, Jermendy A, Celeng C, Panajotu A, Bartykowszki A, Karolyi M, Tarnoki A, Jermendy G, Merkely B. Poster session 2: Thursday 4 December 2014, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Meerow AW, Noblick L, Salas-Leiva DE, Sanchez V, Francisco-Ortega J, Jestrow B, Nakamura K. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cocosoid palms (Arecaceae, Arecoideae, Cocoseae) inferred from sequences of six WRKY gene family loci. Cladistics 2014; 31:509-534. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan W. Meerow
- USDA-ARS-SHRS-National Germplasm Repository; 13601 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33158 USA
| | - Larry Noblick
- Montgomery Botanical Center; 11901 Old Cutler Rd. Coral Gables FL 33156 USA
| | - Dayana E. Salas-Leiva
- USDA-ARS-SHRS-National Germplasm Repository; 13601 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33158 USA
- Montgomery Botanical Center; 11901 Old Cutler Rd. Coral Gables FL 33156 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- USDA-ARS-SHRS-National Germplasm Repository; 13601 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33158 USA
| | - Javier Francisco-Ortega
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida International University; 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
- Kushlan Tropical Science Institute; Fairchild Tropical Botanical Garden; 10901 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33156 USA
| | - Brett Jestrow
- Kushlan Tropical Science Institute; Fairchild Tropical Botanical Garden; 10901 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33156 USA
| | - Kyoko Nakamura
- USDA-ARS-SHRS-National Germplasm Repository; 13601 Old Cutler Rd. Miami FL 33158 USA
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Calleja M, Sanchez V, Jimenez J, Imke U, Stieglitz R, Macián R. Coupling of COBAYA3/SUBCHANFLOW inside the NURESIM platform and validation using selected benchmarks. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ivanov A, Sanchez V, Stieglitz R, Ivanov K. Internal multi-scale multi-physics coupled system for high fidelity simulation of light water reactors. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Calleja M, Jimenez J, Sanchez V, Imke U, Stieglitz R, Macián R. Investigations of boron transport in a PWR core with COBAYA3/SUBCHANFLOW inside the NURESIM platform. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2013.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saxena RK, von Wettberg E, Upadhyaya HD, Sanchez V, Songok S, Saxena K, Kimurto P, Varshney RK. Genetic diversity and demographic history of Cajanus spp. illustrated from genome-wide SNPs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88568. [PMID: 24533111 PMCID: PMC3922937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding genetic structure of Cajanus spp. is essential for achieving genetic improvement by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping or association studies and use of selected markers through genomic assisted breeding and genomic selection. After developing a comprehensive set of 1,616 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and their conversion into cost effective KASPar assays for pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), we studied levels of genetic variability both within and between diverse set of Cajanus lines including 56 breeding lines, 21 landraces and 107 accessions from 18 wild species. These results revealed a high frequency of polymorphic SNPs and relatively high level of cross-species transferability. Indeed, 75.8% of successful SNP assays revealed polymorphism, and more than 95% of these assays could be successfully transferred to related wild species. To show regional patterns of variation, we used STRUCTURE and Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) to partition variance among hierarchical sets of landraces and wild species at either the continental scale or within India. STRUCTURE separated most of the domesticated germplasm from wild ecotypes, and separates Australian and Asian wild species as has been found previously. Among Indian regions and states within regions, we found 36% of the variation between regions, and 64% within landraces or wilds within states. The highest level of polymorphism in wild relatives and landraces was found in Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh provinces of India representing the centre of origin and domestication of pigeonpea respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit K. Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Eric von Wettberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Kushlan Institute for Tropical Science, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hari D. Upadhyaya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vanessa Sanchez
- Florida International University, Department of Earth and Environment, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Serah Songok
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Kulbhushan Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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Sanchez V, Wistuba J, Kliesch S, Schlatt S, Mallidis C. Raman microspectroscopy: a non-destructive approach for the analysis of DNA in living sperm. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amaral S, Redmann K, Sanchez V, Mallidis C, Ramalho-Santos J, Schlatt S. UVB irradiation as a tool to assess ROS-induced damage in human spermatozoa. Andrology 2013; 1:707-14. [PMID: 23836725 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One of the consequences of oxygen metabolism is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which in a situation of imbalance with antioxidants can damage several biomolecules, compromise cell function and even lead to cellular death. The particularities of the sperm cell make it particularly vulnerable to ROS attack compromising its functionality, mirrored in terms of fertility outcome and making the study of the origin of sperm ROS, as well as the alterations they cause very important. In the present work, we used UVB irradiation, an easy experimental approach known as a potent inducer of ROS formation, to better understand the origin of ROS damage without any confounding effects that usually exist in disease models in which ROS are reported to play a role. To address these issues we evaluated sperm mitochondrial ROS production using the Mitosox Red Probe, mitochondrial membrane potential using the JC-1 probe, lipid peroxidation through BODIPY probe and vitality using PI. We observed that UVB irradiation leads to an increase in sperm mitochondrial ROS production and lipid peroxidation that occur previously to an observable mitochondrial dysfunction. We concluded that sperm UVB irradiation appears to be a good and easily manipulated in vitro model system to study mitochondria-induced oxidative stress in spermatozoa and its consequences, which may be relevant in terms of dissecting the action pathways of many other pathologies, drugs and contaminants, including endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amaral
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra.
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Mallidis C, Sanchez V, Wistuba J. Raman microspectroscopy: a method with great promise but which also needs circumspection. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:2595-6. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kliem S, Gommlich A, Grahn A, Rohde U, Schütze J, Frank T, Gomez A, Sanchez V. Development of multi-physics code systems based on the reactor dynamics code DYN3D. KERNTECHNIK 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/124.110146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The reactor dynamics code DYN3D has been coupled with the CFD code ANSYS CFX and the 3D thermal hydraulic core model FLICA4. In the coupling with ANSYS CFX, DYN3D calculates the neutron kinetics and the fuel behavior including the heat transfer to the coolant. The physical data interface between the codes is the volumetric heat release rate into the coolant. In the coupling with FLICA4 only the neutron kinetics module of DYN3D is used. Fluid dynamics and related transport phenomena in the reactor's coolant and fuel behavior is calculated by FLICA4.
The correctness of the coupling of DYN3D with both thermal hydraulic codes was verified by the calculation of different test problems. These test problems were set-up in such a way that comparison with the DYN3D stand-alone code was possible. This included steady-state and transient calculations of a mini-core consisting of nine real-size PWR fuel assemblies with ANSYS CFX/DYN3D as well as mini-core and a full core steady-state calculation using FLICA4/DYN3D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - U. Rohde
- Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden
| | - J. Schütze
- ANSYS Germany GmbH, Birkenweg 14a, 64295 Darmstadt,
| | - T. Frank
- ANSYS Germany GmbH, Staudenfeld 12, 83624 Otterfing,
| | | | - V. Sanchez
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein–Leopoldshafen
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Trefler S, Rodríguez A, Martín-Loeches I, Sanchez V, Marín J, Llauradó M, Romeu M, Díaz E, Nogués R, Giralt M. Oxidative stress in immunocompetent patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. A pilot study. Med Intensiva 2013; 38:73-82. [PMID: 23485500 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A comparison was made of the oxidative stress (OS) levels of patients with either viral or bacterial severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) and of patients without infection (healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)). DESIGN A prospective observational study was made. PATIENTS Critically ill patients with sCAP. VARIABLES The TBARS level was measured as an index of oxidative injury. SOD, CAT and redox glutathione system (GSH, GSSG, GR, GPx) activities were measured as reflecting antioxidant capacity. Severity of illness was assessed by the APACHE II, SOFA and SIRS scores. RESULTS Thirty-seven subjects were included: 15 patients with CAP (12 of bacterial origin [BCAP] and 3 due to 2009 A/H1N1 virus [VCAP]), 10 HV and 12 AMI patients. Intensive care CAP mortality was 26.7% (n=4). Plasmatic TBARS levels were higher in CAP patients than in HV, but similar to those recorded in AMI patients. In contrast, VCAP was associated with lower TBARS levels, and some components of the glutathione redox system were higher in BCAP patients and HV. The OS levels did not differ between survivors and non-survivors. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the occurrence of higher OS in sCAP patients compared with HV. In contrast, lower TBARS levels were observed in VCAP patients, suggesting an increase of antioxidant activity related to the redox glutathione system. However, further research involving a larger cohort is needed in order to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trefler
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII - IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII - IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - I Martín-Loeches
- Critical Care Department, Complejo Sanitari Parc Taulí/CIBERES, Sabadell, Spain
| | - V Sanchez
- Farmacology Department, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII - IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Llauradó
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII - IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Romeu
- Farmacology Department, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - E Díaz
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Moises Broggi/CIBERES, Sant Joan Despí, Spain
| | - R Nogués
- Critical Care Department, Complejo Sanitari Parc Taulí/CIBERES, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M Giralt
- Critical Care Department, Complejo Sanitari Parc Taulí/CIBERES, Sabadell, Spain
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Sanchez V. Joint source/channel coding for prioritized wireless transmission of multiple 3-D regions of interest in 3-D medical imaging data. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013. [PMID: 23193448 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2012.2228000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a 3-D medical image coding method featuring two major improvements to previous work on 3-D region of interest (RoI) coding for telemedicine applications. Namely, 1) a data prioritization scheme that allows coding of multiple 3-D-RoIs; and 2) a joint/source channel coding scheme that allows prioritized transmission of multiple 3-D-RoIs over wireless channels. The method, which is based on the 3-D integer wavelet transform and embedded block coding with optimized truncation with 3-D context modeling, generates scalable and error-resilient bit streams with 3-D-RoI decoding capabilities. Coding of multiple 3-D-RoIs is attained by prioritizing the wavelet-transformed data according to a Gaussian mixed distribution, whereas error resiliency is attained by employing the error correction capabilities of rate-compatible punctured turbo codes. The robustness of the proposed method is evaluated for transmission of real 3-D medical images over Rayleigh-fading channels with a priori knowledge of the channel condition. Evaluation results show that the proposed coding method provides a superior performance compared to equal error protection and unequal error protection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sanchez
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
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Poster session: Dobutamine stress echo. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Boscolo A, Sanchez V, Lunardi N. Anesthesia-induced developmental neurodegeneration: the role of neuronal organelles. Front Neurol 2012; 3:141. [PMID: 23087668 PMCID: PMC3468830 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to general anesthetics (GAs) and antiepileptics during critical stages of brain development causes significant neurotoxicity to immature neurons. Many animal, and emerging human studies have shown long-term functional sequelae manifested as behavioral deficits and cognitive impairments. Since GAs and antiepileptic drugs are a necessity, current research is focused on deciphering the mechanisms responsible for anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity so that protective strategies can be devised. These agents promote massive and wide-spread neuroapoptosis that is caused by the impairment of integrity and function of neuronal organelles. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are particularly vulnerable. By promoting significant release of intracellular calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum, anesthetics cause an increase in mitochondrial calcium load resulting in the loss of their integrity, release of pro-apoptotic factors, functional impairment of ATP synthesis, and enhanced accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The possibility that GAs may have direct damaging effects on mitochondria, resulting in the impairment of their morphogenesis, also has been proposed. This review will present evidence that neuronal organelles are critical and early targets of anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville, VA, USA ; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, USA
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