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Nettleton JA, Burton AE, Povey RC. "No-one realises what we go through as Type 1s": A qualitative photo-elicitation study on coping with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 187:109876. [PMID: 35439539 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has physical, emotional, and social consequences and little is known how adults cope with the condition long term. This research aimed to use a novel photo-elicitation technique to gain in-depth insight into the personal coping experiences of adults living with T1D. METHODS In-depth photo elicitation interviews were employed to collect data and transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Participant-led data revealed an overarching theme of the relentlessness of the condition. Continuous self-management tasks infiltrated participants' lives and had a significant impact on coping experiences. A range of techniques and resources were used to cope including using alarms and reminders, diabetes technology, interpersonal relationships, supportive healthcare services and seeking a mind-body balance. CONCLUSIONS Technology shows promise for easing the burden of the condition, expert-led online support would be of benefit, and peer support should be prioritised within interventions for adults with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Nettleton
- Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research, School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University
| | - A E Burton
- Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research, School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University.
| | - R C Povey
- Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research, School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University
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2
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Gielen M, Hageman GJ, Antoniou EE, Nordfjall K, Mangino M, Balasubramanyam M, de Meyer T, Hendricks AE, Giltay EJ, Hunt SC, Nettleton JA, Salpea KD, Diaz VA, Farzaneh-Far R, Atzmon G, Harris SE, Hou L, Gilley D, Hovatta I, Kark JD, Nassar H, Kurz DJ, Mather KA, Willeit P, Zheng YL, Pavanello S, Demerath EW, Rode L, Bunout D, Steptoe A, Boardman L, Marti A, Needham B, Zheng W, Ramsey-Goldman R, Pellatt AJ, Kaprio J, Hofmann JN, Gieger C, Paolisso G, Hjelmborg JBH, Mirabello L, Seeman T, Wong J, van der Harst P, Broer L, Kronenberg F, Kollerits B, Strandberg T, Eisenberg DTA, Duggan C, Verhoeven JE, Schaakxs R, Zannolli R, dos Reis RMR, Charchar FJ, Tomaszewski M, Mons U, Demuth I, Iglesias Molli AE, Cheng G, Krasnienkov D, D'Antono B, Kasielski M, McDonnell BJ, Ebstein RP, Sundquist K, Pare G, Chong M, Zeegers MP. Body mass index is negatively associated with telomere length: a collaborative cross-sectional meta-analysis of 87 observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:453-475. [PMID: 30535086 PMCID: PMC6454526 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even before the onset of age-related diseases, obesity might be a contributing factor to the cumulative burden of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation throughout the life course. Obesity may therefore contribute to accelerated shortening of telomeres. Consequently, obese persons are more likely to have shorter telomeres, but the association between body mass index (BMI) and leukocyte telomere length (TL) might differ across the life span and between ethnicities and sexes. Objective A collaborative cross-sectional meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted to investigate the associations between BMI and TL across the life span. Design Eighty-seven distinct study samples were included in the meta-analysis capturing data from 146,114 individuals. Study-specific age- and sex-adjusted regression coefficients were combined by using a random-effects model in which absolute [base pairs (bp)] and relative telomere to single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) TLs were regressed against BMI. Stratified analysis was performed by 3 age categories ("young": 18-60 y; "middle": 61-75 y; and "old": >75 y), sex, and ethnicity. Results Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -3.99 bp (95% CI: -5.17, -2.81 bp) difference in TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -7.67 bp (95% CI: -10.03, -5.31 bp) difference. Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -1.58 × 10(-3) unit T/S ratio (0.16% decrease; 95% CI: -2.14 × 10(-3), -1.01 × 10(-3)) difference in age- and sex-adjusted relative TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -2.58 × 10(-3) unit T/S ratio (0.26% decrease; 95% CI: -3.92 × 10(-3), -1.25 × 10(-3)). The associations were predominantly for the white pooled population. No sex differences were observed. Conclusions A higher BMI is associated with shorter telomeres, especially in younger individuals. The presently observed difference is not negligible. Meta-analyses of longitudinal studies evaluating change in body weight alongside change in TL are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marij Gielen
- Departments of Complex Genetics,Address correspondence to MG (e-mail: )
| | - Geja J Hageman
- Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | - Evangelia E Antoniou
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | | | - Massimo Mangino
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tim de Meyer
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics, and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Audrey E Hendricks
- Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA,Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado–Denver, Denver, CO
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Klelia D Salpea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, BSRC “Alexander Fleming,” Athens, Greece
| | - Vanessa A Diaz
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ramin Farzaneh-Far
- Division of Cardiology, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, and Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology and Medical Genetics Section and Center for Genomics and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - David Gilley
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hisham Nassar
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David J Kurz
- Department of Cardiology, Triemli Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Line Rode
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Bunout
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Amelia Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belinda Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health,Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Geriatric Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Jacob B H Hjelmborg
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Biodemography, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic, and Geriatric Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Seeman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jason Wong
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular, and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kollerits
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular, and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timo Strandberg
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dan T A Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology and Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Josine E Verhoeven
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roxanne Schaakxs
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffaela Zannolli
- Pediatrics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Senese/University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Rosana M R dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- School of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom,Division of Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ute Mons
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research,Cancer Prevention Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Elena Iglesias Molli
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM). Laboratorio de Diabetes y Metabolismo, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guo Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety, and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dmytro Krasnienkov
- Department of Epigenetics, DF Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Bianca D'Antono
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, and Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marek Kasielski
- Bases of Clinical Medicine Teaching Center, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Barry J McDonnell
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Population Health Research Institute and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael Chong
- Population Health Research Institute and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Departments of Complex Genetics,CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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3
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Mozaffarian D, Dashti HS, Wojczynski MK, Chu AY, Nettleton JA, Männistö S, Kristiansson K, Reedik M, Lahti J, Houston DK, Cornelis MC, van Rooij FJA, Dimitriou M, Kanoni S, Mikkilä V, Steffen LM, de Oliveira Otto MC, Qi L, Psaty B, Djousse L, Rotter JI, Harald K, Perola M, Rissanen H, Jula A, Krista F, Mihailov E, Feitosa MF, Ngwa JS, Xue L, Jacques PF, Perälä MM, Palotie A, Liu Y, Nalls NA, Ferrucci L, Hernandez D, Manichaikul A, Tsai MY, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Rallidis L, Ridker PM, Rose LM, Buring JE, Lehtimäki T, Kähönen M, Viikari J, Lemaitre R, Salomaa V, Knekt P, Metspalu A, Borecki IB, Cupples LA, Eriksson JG, Kritchevsky SB, Bandinelli S, Siscovick D, Franco OH, Deloukas P, Dedoussis G, Chasman DI, Raitakari O, Tanaka T. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of fish and EPA+DHA consumption in 17 US and European cohorts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186456. [PMID: 29236708 PMCID: PMC5728559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular fish and omega-3 consumption may have several health benefits and are recommended by major dietary guidelines. Yet, their intakes remain remarkably variable both within and across populations, which could partly owe to genetic influences. OBJECTIVE To identify common genetic variants that influence fish and dietary eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) consumption. DESIGN We conducted genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of fish (n = 86,467) and EPA+DHA (n = 62,265) consumption in 17 cohorts of European descent from the CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) Consortium Nutrition Working Group. Results from cohort-specific GWA analyses (additive model) for fish and EPA+DHA consumption were adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, and population stratification, and meta-analyzed separately using fixed-effect meta-analysis with inverse variance weights (METAL software). Additionally, heritability was estimated in 2 cohorts. RESULTS Heritability estimates for fish and EPA+DHA consumption ranged from 0.13-0.24 and 0.12-0.22, respectively. A significant GWA for fish intake was observed for rs9502823 on chromosome 6: each copy of the minor allele (FreqA = 0.015) was associated with 0.029 servings/day (~1 serving/month) lower fish consumption (P = 1.96x10-8). No significant association was observed for EPA+DHA, although rs7206790 in the obesity-associated FTO gene was among top hits (P = 8.18x10-7). Post-hoc calculations demonstrated 95% statistical power to detect a genetic variant associated with effect size of 0.05% for fish and 0.08% for EPA+DHA. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings suggest that non-genetic personal and environmental factors are principal determinants of the remarkable variation in fish consumption, representing modifiable targets for increasing intakes among all individuals. Genes underlying the signal at rs72838923 and mechanisms for the association warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mägi Reedik
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Denise K Houston
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Frank J. A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Dimitriou
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Lu Qi
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Division of Aging Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kennet Harald
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Harri Rissanen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fischer Krista
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Julius S Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Luting Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Paul F Jacques
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mia-Maria Perälä
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Nike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Leiden University College, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Loukianos Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, University General Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul M Ridker
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States of America
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States of America
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Rozenn Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul Knekt
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States of America
| | | | - David Siscovick
- New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorder, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States of America
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Graff M, Scott RA, Justice AE, Young KL, Feitosa MF, Barata L, Winkler TW, Chu AY, Mahajan A, Hadley D, Xue L, Workalemahu T, Heard-Costa NL, den Hoed M, Ahluwalia TS, Qi Q, Ngwa JS, Renström F, Quaye L, Eicher JD, Hayes JE, Cornelis M, Kutalik Z, Lim E, Luan J, Huffman JE, Zhang W, Zhao W, Griffin PJ, Haller T, Ahmad S, Marques-Vidal PM, Bien S, Yengo L, Teumer A, Smith AV, Kumari M, Harder MN, Justesen JM, Kleber ME, Hollensted M, Lohman K, Rivera NV, Whitfield JB, Zhao JH, Stringham HM, Lyytikäinen LP, Huppertz C, Willemsen G, Peyrot WJ, Wu Y, Kristiansson K, Demirkan A, Fornage M, Hassinen M, Bielak LF, Cadby G, Tanaka T, Mägi R, van der Most PJ, Jackson AU, Bragg-Gresham JL, Vitart V, Marten J, Navarro P, Bellis C, Pasko D, Johansson Å, Snitker S, Cheng YC, Eriksson J, Lim U, Aadahl M, Adair LS, Amin N, Balkau B, Auvinen J, Beilby J, Bergman RN, Bergmann S, Bertoni AG, Blangero J, Bonnefond A, Bonnycastle LL, Borja JB, Brage S, Busonero F, Buyske S, Campbell H, Chines PS, Collins FS, Corre T, Smith GD, Delgado GE, Dueker N, Dörr M, Ebeling T, Eiriksdottir G, Esko T, Faul JD, Fu M, Færch K, Gieger C, Gläser S, Gong J, Gordon-Larsen P, Grallert H, Grammer TB, Grarup N, van Grootheest G, Harald K, Hastie ND, Havulinna AS, Hernandez D, Hindorff L, Hocking LJ, Holmens OL, Holzapfel C, Hottenga JJ, Huang J, Huang T, Hui J, Huth C, Hutri-Kähönen N, James AL, Jansson JO, Jhun MA, Juonala M, Kinnunen L, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Komulainen P, Kuusisto J, Kvaløy K, Kähönen M, Lakka TA, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lindgren CM, Lorentzon M, Luben R, Marre M, Milaneschi Y, Monda KL, Montgomery GW, De Moor MHM, Mulas A, Müller-Nurasyid M, Musk AW, Männikkö R, Männistö S, Narisu N, Nauck M, Nettleton JA, Nolte IM, Oldehinkel AJ, Olden M, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Paternoster L, Perez J, Perola M, Peters A, Peters U, Peyser PA, Prokopenko I, Puolijoki H, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rawal R, Ridker PM, Rose LM, Rudan I, Sarti C, Sarzynski MA, Savonen K, Scott WR, Sanna S, Shuldiner AR, Sidney S, Silbernagel G, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Stančáková A, Sternfeld B, Swift AJ, Tammelin T, Tan ST, Thorand B, Thuillier D, Vandenput L, Vestergaard H, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vohl MC, Völker U, Waeber G, Walker M, Wild S, Wong A, Wright AF, Zillikens MC, Zubair N, Haiman CA, Lemarchand L, Gyllensten U, Ohlsson C, Hofman A, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Pérusse L, Wilson JF, Hayward C, Polasek O, Cucca F, Hveem K, Hartman CA, Tönjes A, Bandinelli S, Palmer LJ, Kardia SLR, Rauramaa R, Sørensen TIA, Tuomilehto J, Salomaa V, Penninx BWJH, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI, Lehtimäki T, Mangino M, Laakso M, Bouchard C, Martin NG, Kuh D, Liu Y, Linneberg A, März W, Strauch K, Kivimäki M, Harris TB, Gudnason V, Völzke H, Qi L, Järvelin MR, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Froguel P, Kooperberg C, Vollenweider P, Hallmans G, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Metspalu A, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Weir DR, Porteous DJ, Boerwinkle E, Chasman DI, Abecasis GR, Barroso I, McCarthy MI, Frayling TM, O’Connell JR, van Duijn CM, Boehnke M, Heid IM, Mohlke KL, Strachan DP, Fox CS, Liu CT, Hirschhorn JN, Klein RJ, Johnson AD, Borecki IB, Franks PW, North KE, Cupples LA, Loos RJF, Kilpeläinen TO. Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity - A meta-analysis of 200,452 adults. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006528. [PMID: 28448500 PMCID: PMC5407576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) may modify the genetic effects that give rise to increased risk of obesity. To identify adiposity loci whose effects are modified by PA, we performed genome-wide interaction meta-analyses of BMI and BMI-adjusted waist circumference and waist-hip ratio from up to 200,452 adults of European (n = 180,423) or other ancestry (n = 20,029). We standardized PA by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable where, on average, 23% of participants were categorized as inactive and 77% as physically active. While we replicate the interaction with PA for the strongest known obesity-risk locus in the FTO gene, of which the effect is attenuated by ~30% in physically active individuals compared to inactive individuals, we do not identify additional loci that are sensitive to PA. In additional genome-wide meta-analyses adjusting for PA and interaction with PA, we identify 11 novel adiposity loci, suggesting that accounting for PA or other environmental factors that contribute to variation in adiposity may facilitate gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kristin L. Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Llilda Barata
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Audrey Y. Chu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Hadley
- Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luting Xue
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Heard-Costa
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marcel den Hoed
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Julius S. Ngwa
- Howard University, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lydia Quaye
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John D. Eicher
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James E. Hayes
- Cell and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marilyn Cornelis
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jian’an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer E. Huffman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital HNS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Paula J. Griffin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pedro M. Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Bien
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Loic Yengo
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Meena Kumari
- ISER, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Neergaard Harder
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanne Marie Justesen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Mette Hollensted
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Natalia V. Rivera
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John B. Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Charlotte Huppertz
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute, Vrije Universiteit & VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute, Vrije Universiteit & VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. Peyrot
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Gemma Cadby
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Marten
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pau Navarro
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bellis
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore, Singapore
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dorota Pasko
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Søren Snitker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Unhee Lim
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Mette Aadahl
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM U-1018, CESP, Renal and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, UVSQ-UPS, Villejuif, France
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - John Beilby
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine of WA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John Blangero
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Judith B. Borja
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Søren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Busonero
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Steve Buyske
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit & School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Graciela E. Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Dueker
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tapani Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jessica D. Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mao Fu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven Gläser
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jian Gong
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tanja B. Grammer
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerard van Grootheest
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kennet Harald
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicholas D. Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lucia Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynne J. Hocking
- Musculoskeletal Research Programme, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christina Holzapfel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- NCA Institute, VU University & VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennie Hui
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine of WA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cornelia Huth
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alan L. James
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John-Olov Jansson
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Min A. Jhun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Kinnunen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsti Kvaløy
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Neuroepidemiology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michel Marre
- INSERM U-1138, Équipe 2: Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Vascular and Renal diseases Related to Diabetes, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keri L. Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marleen H. M. De Moor
- EMGO+ Institute, Vrije Universiteit & VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Department of Educational and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - A. W. Musk
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Reija Männikkö
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Olden
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit & School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremiah Perez
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Centre, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Rawal
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Cinzia Sarti
- Social Services and Health Care Department, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - William R. Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steve Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Günther Silbernagel
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - Blair H. Smith
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Barbara Sternfeld
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sian-Tsung Tan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dorothée Thuillier
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Walker
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Niha Zubair
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Lemarchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - James F. Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Tönjes
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lyle J. Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit & School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J. C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute, Vrije Universiteit & VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- NCA Institute, VU University & VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services LLC, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital HNS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital HNS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Froguel
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France
- Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David J. Porteous
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Gonçalo R. Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey R. O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Center of Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Klein
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kari E. North
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
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Polonsky TS, Ning H, Daviglus ML, Liu K, Burke GL, Cushman M, Eng J, Folsom AR, Lutsey PL, Nettleton JA, Post WS, Sacco RL, Szklo M, Lloyd-Jones DM. Association of Cardiovascular Health With Subclinical Disease and Incident Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004894. [PMID: 28320747 PMCID: PMC5524019 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Few adults have ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). We studied associations of an overall CVH score with subclinical cardiovascular disease and events. We assessed whether associations varied by race/ethnicity. Methods and Results Among 5961 participants in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, components of CVH were measured at baseline, 2000‐2002: systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, smoking, physical activity, diet, and body mass index. Levels were classified as ideal (2 points), intermediate (1 point), and poor (0 points) according to American Heart Association definitions. Points were summed to produce a CVH score (0‐7 low, 8‐11 moderate, 12‐14 high). Coronary artery calcium, carotid intima‐media thickness, and left ventricular mass were measured at baseline. Cardiovascular disease was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, stroke, heart failure, or peripheral artery disease. Follow‐up was 10.3 years. Regression models were used to examine associations of the CVH score with subclinical disease and events, adjusting for age, sex, and education. Analyses were stratified by race/ethnicity. Adults with high or moderate CVH scores had significantly lower odds of coronary artery calcium and lower carotid intima‐media thickness and left ventricular mass than adults with low CVH scores. Adults with high or moderate CVH scores were 67% (95%CI 41% to 82%) and 37% (95%CI 22% to 49%) less likely, respectively, to experience a cardiovascular disease event than adults with low scores. There was no interaction with race/ethnicity. Conclusions There is a graded inverse association between CVH scores and measures of subclinical and overt cardiovascular disease that is similar across race/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyan Ning
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT
| | - John Eng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Health Science Center, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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6
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Levitan EB, Ahmed A, Arnett DK, Polak JF, Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Heckbert SR, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Mediterranean diet score and left ventricular structure and function: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:595-602. [PMID: 27488238 PMCID: PMC4997295 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.128579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are limited on the relation between dietary patterns and left ventricular (LV) structure and function. OBJECTIVE We examined cross-sectional associations of a diet-score assessment of a Mediterranean dietary pattern with LV mass, volume, mass-to-volume ratio, stroke volume, and ejection fraction. DESIGN We measured LV variables with the use of cardiac MRI in 4497 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who were aged 45-84 y and without clinical cardiovascular disease. We calculated a Mediterranean diet score from intakes of fruit, vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole grains, fish, red meat, the monounsaturated fat:saturated fat ratio, and alcohol that were self-reported with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire. We used linear regression with adjustment for body size, physical activity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors to model associations and assess the shape of these associations (linear or quadratic). RESULTS The Mediterranean diet score had a slight U-shaped association with LV mass (adjusted means: 146, 145, 146, and 147 g across quartiles of diet score, respectively; P-quadratic trend = 0.04). The score was linearly associated with LV volume, stroke volume, and ejection fraction: for each +1-U difference in score, LV volume was 0.4 mL higher (95% CI: 0.0, 0.8 mL higher), the stroke volume was 0.5 mL higher (95% CI: 0.2, 0.8 mL higher), and the ejection fraction was 0.2 percentage points higher (95% CI: 0.1, 0.3 percentage points higher). The score was not associated with the mass-to-volume ratio. CONCLUSIONS A higher Mediterranean diet score is cross-sectionally associated with a higher LV mass, which is balanced by a higher LV volume as well as a higher ejection fraction and stroke volume. Participants in this healthy, multiethnic sample whose dietary patterns most closely conformed to a Mediterranean-type pattern had a modestly better LV structure and function than did participants with less-Mediterranean-like dietary patterns. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL;
| | - Ali Ahmed
- Center for Health and Aging, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Department of Radiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - W Gregory Hundley
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) and Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, TX
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7
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Fretts AM, Follis JL, Nettleton JA, Lemaitre RN, Ngwa JS, Wojczynski MK, Kalafati IP, Varga TV, Frazier-Wood AC, Houston DK, Lahti J, Ericson U, van den Hooven EH, Mikkilä V, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Mozaffarian D, Rice K, Renström F, North KE, McKeown NM, Feitosa MF, Kanoni S, Smith CE, Garcia ME, Tiainen AM, Sonestedt E, Manichaikul A, van Rooij FJA, Dimitriou M, Raitakari O, Pankow JS, Djoussé L, Province MA, Hu FB, Lai CQ, Keller MF, Perälä MM, Rotter JI, Hofman A, Graff M, Kähönen M, Mukamal K, Johansson I, Ordovas JM, Liu Y, Männistö S, Uitterlinden AG, Deloukas P, Seppälä I, Psaty BM, Cupples LA, Borecki IB, Franks PW, Arnett DK, Nalls MA, Eriksson JG, Orho-Melander M, Franco OH, Lehtimäki T, Dedoussis GV, Meigs JB, Siscovick DS. Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:1266-78. [PMID: 26354543 PMCID: PMC4625584 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that meat intake is associated with diabetes-related phenotypes. However, whether the associations of meat intake and glucose and insulin homeostasis are modified by genes related to glucose and insulin is unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations of meat intake and the interaction of meat with genotype on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in Caucasians free of diabetes mellitus. DESIGN Fourteen studies that are part of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium participated in the analysis. Data were provided for up to 50,345 participants. Using linear regression within studies and a fixed-effects meta-analysis across studies, we examined 1) the associations of processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations; and 2) the interactions of processed meat and unprocessed red meat with genetic risk score related to fasting glucose or insulin resistance on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. RESULTS Processed meat was associated with higher fasting glucose, and unprocessed red meat was associated with both higher fasting glucose and fasting insulin concentrations after adjustment for potential confounders [not including body mass index (BMI)]. For every additional 50-g serving of processed meat per day, fasting glucose was 0.021 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.011, 0.030 mmol/L) higher. Every additional 100-g serving of unprocessed red meat per day was associated with a 0.037-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.023, 0.051-mmol/L) higher fasting glucose concentration and a 0.049-ln-pmol/L (95% CI: 0.035, 0.063-ln-pmol/L) higher fasting insulin concentration. After additional adjustment for BMI, observed associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant. The association of processed meat and fasting insulin did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Observed associations were not modified by genetic loci known to influence fasting glucose or insulin resistance. CONCLUSION The association of higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations with meat consumption was not modified by an index of glucose- and insulin-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Six of the participating studies are registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0000513 (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), NCT00149435 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005136 (Family Heart Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Heart Study), NCT00083369 (Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Fretts
- Departments of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;
| | - Jack L Follis
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Julius S Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Alexis C Frazier-Wood
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, and Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Kenneth Rice
- Biostatistics, and Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit and Department of Biobank Research
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program, Jean Mayer-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Anna-Maija Tiainen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology and Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Maria Dimitriou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA and
| | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- Jean Mayer-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Margaux F Keller
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical Physiology
| | - Mia-Maria Perälä
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | | | | | - Mika Kähönen
- School of Medicine, and Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kenneth Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jose M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Center, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, School of Medicine, and
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, Health Services and Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit and Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Bethesda, MD
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; General Practice Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, School of Medicine, and
| | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - James B Meigs
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit and Diabetes Research Unit, General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; and
| | - David S Siscovick
- Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY
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8
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Remigio-Baker RA, Allison MA, Schreiner PJ, Carnethon MR, Nettleton JA, Mujahid MS, Szklo M, Crum RM, Leuotsakos JM, Franco M, Jensky N, Golden SH. Sex and race/ethnic disparities in the cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and muscle mass: the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15:221. [PMID: 26384322 PMCID: PMC4574470 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-015-0604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cross-sectional area of total muscle mass has been reported to decrease by about 40% for those 20-60 years of age. Depressive symptoms may discourage motivation to engage in physical activity such as strength training shown to negate muscle loss. Inflammation related to depressive symptoms may also contribute to muscle atrophy. Physiological differences by sex and race/ethnicity may also modify the association between depression and muscle mass. Evidence on the relationship between depression (or depressive symptoms) and adiposity has been mounting; however, little is known about the depressive symptoms-muscle mass association. We sought to determine the association between elevated depressive symptoms (EDS) and lean muscle mass and whether this varies by sex and race/ethnicity. METHODS Evaluating 1605 adults (45-84 years of age) from the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Abdominal Body Composition, Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease Study, we examined the cross-sectional association between EDS (Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression Scale score≥16 and/or antidepressant use) and computed tomography-measured abdominal lean muscle mass using linear regression. Muscles were evaluated as a whole and by functionality (locomotion vs. stabilization/posture). Covariates included height, body mass index, sociodemographics, comorbidities, inflammatory markers and health behaviors (pack-years of smoking, alcohol locomotion compared to men, total intentional exercise, daily caloric intake). Sex and race/ethnicity were assessed as potential modifiers. Statistical significance was at a p<0.05 for main effects and <0.20 for interaction. RESULTS Men with elevated depressive symptoms had 5.9 cm2 lower lean muscle mass for locomotion compared to men without EDS, fully-adjusted (CI=-10.5, -1.4, p=0.011). This was statistically significantly different from the null finding among women (interaction p=0.05). Chinese participants with EDS had 10.2 cm2 lower abdominal lean muscle mass for locomotion compared to those without EDS (fully-adjusted, CI=-18.3, -2.1, p=0.014), which was significantly different from the null relationship among White participants (interaction p=0.04). No association was observed between elevated depressive symptoms and muscle for stabilization/posture evaluating the whole population or stratified by sex or race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of elevated depressive symptoms, men and Chinese participants may have lower muscle mass, particularly for locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemay A. Remigio-Baker
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Pamela J. Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA
| | - Mercedes R. Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Department of Nutrition and Obesity, The University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Mahasin S. Mujahid
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, 50 University Hall #7360, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Rosa M. Crum
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Jeannie-Marie Leuotsakos
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5300 Alpha Commons Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Manuel Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Nicole Jensky
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Sherita Hill Golden
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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9
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Unger E, Diez-Roux AV, Lloyd-Jones DM, Mujahid MS, Nettleton JA, Bertoni A, Badon SE, Ning H, Allen NB. Association of neighborhood characteristics with cardiovascular health in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2015; 7:524-31. [PMID: 25006187 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.113.000698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of cardiovascular health (CVH) was introduced as a global measure of one's burden of cardiovsacular risk factors. Previous studies established the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and individual cardiovascular risk factors. However, the relationship between neighborhood environment and overall CVH remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis baseline examination (2000–2002). Mean age was 61.6 years, and 52% were women. Ideal, intermediate, and poor categories of cholesterol, body mass index, diet, physical activity, fasting glucose, blood pressure, and smoking were defined according to the American Heart Association 2020 Strategic Goals, assigned an individual score, and summed to create an overall score. CVH scores were categorized into ideal (11–14 points), intermediate (9–10), and poor (0–8). Neighborhood exposures included favorable food store and physical activity resources densities (by 1-mile buffer), reported healthy food availability,walking/physical activity environment, safety, and social cohesion (by census tract). Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the association of each characteristic with ideal and intermediate CVH, adjusted for demographics and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Over 20% of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants had an ideal CVH score at baseline. In fully adjusted models, favorable food stores (odds ratio=1.22; 1.06–1.40), physical activity resources(odds ratio=1.19; 1.08–1.31), walking/physical activity environment (odds ratio=1.20; 1.05–1.37), and neighborhood socioeconomic status (odds ratio=1.22; 1.11–1.33) were associated with higher odds of having an ideal CVH score. CONCLUSIONS Neighborhood environment including favorable food stores, physical activity resources, walking/physical activity environment, and neighborhood socioeconomic status are associated with ideal CVH. Further research is needed to investigate the longitudinal associations between neighborhood environment and CVH.
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10
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Smith CE, Follis JL, Nettleton JA, Foy M, Wu JHY, Ma Y, Tanaka T, Manichakul AW, Wu H, Chu AY, Steffen LM, Fornage M, Mozaffarian D, Kabagambe EK, Ferruci L, Chen YDI, Rich SS, Djoussé L, Ridker PM, Tang W, McKnight B, Tsai MY, Bandinelli S, Rotter JI, Hu FB, Chasman DI, Psaty BM, Arnett DK, King IB, Sun Q, Wang L, Lumley T, Chiuve SE, Siscovick DS, Ordovás JM, Lemaitre RN. Dietary fatty acids modulate associations between genetic variants and circulating fatty acids in plasma and erythrocyte membranes: Meta-analysis of nine studies in the CHARGE consortium. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1373-83. [PMID: 25626431 PMCID: PMC4491005 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Tissue concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids may reduce cardiovascular disease risk, and genetic variants are associated with circulating fatty acids concentrations. Whether dietary fatty acids interact with genetic variants to modify circulating omega-3 fatty acids is unclear. We evaluated interactions between genetic variants and fatty acid intakes for circulating alpha-linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted meta-analyses (N = 11 668) evaluating interactions between dietary fatty acids and genetic variants (rs174538 and rs174548 in FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1), rs7435 in AGPAT3 (1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate), rs4985167 in PDXDC1 (pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase domain-containing 1), rs780094 in GCKR (glucokinase regulatory protein), and rs3734398 in ELOVL2 (fatty acid elongase 2)). Stratification by measurement compartment (plasma versus erthyrocyte) revealed compartment-specific interactions between FADS1 rs174538 and rs174548 and dietary alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid for docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid. CONCLUSION Our findings reinforce earlier reports that genetically based differences in circulating fatty acids may be partially due to differences in the conversion of fatty acid precursors. Further, fatty acids measurement compartment may modify gene-diet relationships, and considering compartment may improve the detection of gene-fatty acids interactions for circulating fatty acid outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA*
| | - Jack L Follis
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Cooperative Engineering, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Millennia Foy
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiyi Ma
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA*
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ani W Manichakul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hongyu Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edmond K Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Luigi Ferruci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, Section on Statistical Genetics, and The Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie E Chiuve
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - José M Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA*
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional Investigación Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrilenõs de Estudios Avanzados Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
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11
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Nettleton JA, Follis JL, Ngwa JS, Smith CE, Ahmad S, Tanaka T, Wojczynski MK, Voortman T, Lemaitre RN, Kristiansson K, Nuotio ML, Houston DK, Perälä MM, Qi Q, Sonestedt E, Manichaikul A, Kanoni S, Ganna A, Mikkilä V, North KE, Siscovick DS, Harald K, Mckeown NM, Johansson I, Rissanen H, Liu Y, Lahti J, Hu FB, Bandinelli S, Rukh G, Rich S, Booij L, Dmitriou M, Ax E, Raitakari O, Mukamal K, Männistö S, Hallmans G, Jula A, Ericson U, Jacobs DR, Van Rooij FJA, Deloukas P, Sjögren P, Kähönen M, Djousse L, Perola M, Barroso I, Hofman A, Stirrups K, Viikari J, Uitterlinden AG, Kalafati IP, Franco OH, Mozaffarian D, Salomaa V, Borecki IB, Knekt P, Kritchevsky SB, Eriksson JG, Dedoussis GV, Qi L, Ferrucci L, Orho-Melander M, Zillikens MC, Ingelsson E, Lehtimäki T, Renström F, Cupples LA, Loos RJF, Franks PW. Gene × dietary pattern interactions in obesity: analysis of up to 68 317 adults of European ancestry. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4728-38. [PMID: 25994509 PMCID: PMC4512626 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is highly heritable. Genetic variants showing robust associations with obesity traits have been identified through genome-wide association studies. We investigated whether a composite score representing healthy diet modifies associations of these variants with obesity traits. Totally, 32 body mass index (BMI)- and 14 waist-hip ratio (WHR)-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped, and genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated in 18 cohorts of European ancestry (n = 68 317). Diet score was calculated based on self-reported intakes of whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages and fried potatoes (unfavorable). Multivariable adjusted, linear regression within each cohort followed by inverse variance-weighted, fixed-effects meta-analysis was used to characterize: (a) associations of each GRS with BMI and BMI-adjusted WHR and (b) diet score modification of genetic associations with BMI and BMI-adjusted WHR. Nominally significant interactions (P = 0.006-0.04) were observed between the diet score and WHR-GRS (but not BMI-GRS), two WHR loci (GRB14 rs10195252; LYPLAL1 rs4846567) and two BMI loci (LRRN6C rs10968576; MTIF3 rs4771122), for the respective BMI-adjusted WHR or BMI outcomes. Although the magnitudes of these select interactions were small, our data indicated that associations between genetic predisposition and obesity traits were stronger with a healthier diet. Our findings generate interesting hypotheses; however, experimental and functional studies are needed to determine their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jack L Follis
- Department of Mathematics, University of St. Thomas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julius S Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caren E Smith
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marja-Liisa Nuotio
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | | | - Mia-Maria Perälä
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Kennet Harald
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki 00300, Finland
| | - Nicola M Mckeown
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Harri Rissanen
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki 00300, Finland
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Gull Rukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Lisanne Booij
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Dmitriou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Erika Ax
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine
| | - Kenneth Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research
| | - Antti Jula
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki 00300, Finland
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences-Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Frank J A Van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Per Sjögren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Luc Djousse
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, Harvard Medical School and Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki 00290, Finland, University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Ülikooli 18, Tartu 50090, Estonia
| | - Inês Barroso
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Labs, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ioanna P Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki 00300, Finland
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul Knekt
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki 00300, Finland
| | | | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki 00290, Finland, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - M Carola Zillikens
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Biobank Research
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine and The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden,
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12
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Cornelis MC, Byrne EM, Esko T, Nalls MA, Ganna A, Paynter N, Monda KL, Amin N, Fischer K, Renstrom F, Ngwa JS, Huikari V, Cavadino A, Nolte IM, Teumer A, Yu K, Marques-Vidal P, Rawal R, Manichaikul A, Wojczynski MK, Vink JM, Zhao JH, Burlutsky G, Lahti J, Mikkilä V, Lemaitre RN, Eriksson J, Musani SK, Tanaka T, Geller F, Luan J, Hui J, Mägi R, Dimitriou M, Garcia ME, Ho WK, Wright MJ, Rose LM, Magnusson PKE, Pedersen NL, Couper D, Oostra BA, Hofman A, Ikram MA, Tiemeier HW, Uitterlinden AG, van Rooij FJA, Barroso I, Johansson I, Xue L, Kaakinen M, Milani L, Power C, Snieder H, Stolk RP, Baumeister SE, Biffar R, Gu F, Bastardot F, Kutalik Z, Jacobs DR, Forouhi NG, Mihailov E, Lind L, Lindgren C, Michaëlsson K, Morris A, Jensen M, Khaw KT, Luben RN, Wang JJ, Männistö S, Perälä MM, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Viikari J, Mozaffarian D, Mukamal K, Psaty BM, Döring A, Heath AC, Montgomery GW, Dahmen N, Carithers T, Tucker KL, Ferrucci L, Boyd HA, Melbye M, Treur JL, Mellström D, Hottenga JJ, Prokopenko I, Tönjes A, Deloukas P, Kanoni S, Lorentzon M, Houston DK, Liu Y, Danesh J, Rasheed A, Mason MA, Zonderman AB, Franke L, Kristal BS, Karjalainen J, Reed DR, Westra HJ, Evans MK, Saleheen D, Harris TB, Dedoussis G, Curhan G, Stumvoll M, Beilby J, Pasquale LR, Feenstra B, Bandinelli S, Ordovas JM, Chan AT, Peters U, Ohlsson C, Gieger C, Martin NG, Waldenberger M, Siscovick DS, Raitakari O, Eriksson JG, Mitchell P, Hunter DJ, Kraft P, Rimm EB, Boomsma DI, Borecki IB, Loos RJF, Wareham NJ, Vollenweider P, Caporaso N, Grabe HJ, Neuhouser ML, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Hu FB, Hyppönen E, Järvelin MR, Cupples LA, Franks PW, Ridker PM, van Duijn CM, Heiss G, Metspalu A, North KE, Ingelsson E, Nettleton JA, van Dam RM, Chasman DI. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:647-656. [PMID: 25288136 PMCID: PMC4388784 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Coffee, a major dietary source of caffeine, is among the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has received considerable attention regarding health risks and benefits. We conducted a genome-wide (GW) meta-analysis of predominately regular-type coffee consumption (cups per day) among up to 91,462 coffee consumers of European ancestry with top single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) followed-up in ~30 062 and 7964 coffee consumers of European and African-American ancestry, respectively. Studies from both stages were combined in a trans-ethnic meta-analysis. Confirmed loci were examined for putative functional and biological relevance. Eight loci, including six novel loci, met GW significance (log10Bayes factor (BF)>5.64) with per-allele effect sizes of 0.03-0.14 cups per day. Six are located in or near genes potentially involved in pharmacokinetics (ABCG2, AHR, POR and CYP1A2) and pharmacodynamics (BDNF and SLC6A4) of caffeine. Two map to GCKR and MLXIPL genes related to metabolic traits but lacking known roles in coffee consumption. Enhancer and promoter histone marks populate the regions of many confirmed loci and several potential regulatory SNPs are highly correlated with the lead SNP of each. SNP alleles near GCKR, MLXIPL, BDNF and CYP1A2 that were associated with higher coffee consumption have previously been associated with smoking initiation, higher adiposity and fasting insulin and glucose but lower blood pressure and favorable lipid, inflammatory and liver enzyme profiles (P<5 × 10(-8)).Our genetic findings among European and African-American adults reinforce the role of caffeine in mediating habitual coffee consumption and may point to molecular mechanisms underlying inter-individual variability in pharmacological and health effects of coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Enda M Byrne
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
,Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden
| | - Nina Paynter
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keri L Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frida Renstrom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Julius S Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ville Huikari
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alana Cavadino
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rajesh Rawal
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum-München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Vink
- Department of Biological Psychology / Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George Burlutsky
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and the Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
,Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Solomon K Musani
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank Geller
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jian’an Luan
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennie Hui
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation Inc., Busselton, Australia
,PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia
,School of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia
,School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weang-Kee Ho
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrik KE Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden
| | - David Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ben A Oostra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning W Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank JA van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
,University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Luting Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Chris Power
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Stolk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Reiner Biffar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, Center of Oral Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fangyi Gu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - François Bastardot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Majken Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert N Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and the Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mia-Maria Perälä
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth Mukamal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
,Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
,Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum-München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St.Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Norbert Dahmen
- Department for Psychiatry, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Teresa Carithers
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Clinical Laboratory & Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather A Boyd
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Melbye
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Department of Biological Psychology / Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan Mellström
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology / Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
,Department of Genomics of Common Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department, University of Leipzig, Germany
,IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denise K Houston
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marc A Mason
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Personality and Cognition, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce S Kristal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Juha Karjalainen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle R Reed
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
,Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Pakistan
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Gary Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department, University of Leipzig, Germany
,IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John Beilby
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation Inc., Busselton, Australia
,PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia
,School of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Mass Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jose M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum-München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum-München, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David S Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
,Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
,Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and the Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Hunter
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology / Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ruth JF Loos
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
,The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Germany
| | | | - Bruce HR Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
,School of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
,Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
,Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
,Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Curl CL, Beresford SAA, Fenske RA, Fitzpatrick AL, Lu C, Nettleton JA, Kaufman JD. Estimating pesticide exposure from dietary intake and organic food choices: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Environ Health Perspect 2015; 123:475-83. [PMID: 25650532 PMCID: PMC4421765 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure to the U.S. population is dominated by dietary intake. The magnitude of exposure from diet depends partly on personal decisions such as which foods to eat and whether to choose organic food. Most studies of OP exposure rely on urinary biomarkers, which are limited by short half-lives and often lack specificity to parent compounds. A reliable means of estimating long-term dietary exposure to individual OPs is needed to assess the potential relationship with adverse health effects. OBJECTIVES We assessed long-term dietary exposure to 14 OPs among 4,466 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and examined the influence of organic produce consumption on this exposure. METHODS Individual-level exposure was estimated by combining information on typical intake of specific food items with average OP residue levels on those items. In an analysis restricted to a subset of participants who reported rarely or never eating organic produce ("conventional consumers"), we assessed urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) levels across tertiles of estimated exposure (n = 480). In a second analysis, we compared DAP levels across subgroups with differing self-reported organic produce consumption habits (n = 240). RESULTS Among conventional consumers, increasing tertile of estimated dietary OP exposure was associated with higher DAP concentrations (p < 0.05). DAP concentrations were also significantly lower in groups reporting more frequent consumption of organic produce (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Long-term dietary exposure to OPs was estimated from dietary intake data, and estimates were consistent with DAP measurements. More frequent consumption of organic produce was associated with lower DAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Curl
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, and 2Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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14
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Haring B, Gronroos N, Nettleton JA, Wyler von Ballmoos MC, Selvin E, Alonso A. Dietary protein intake and coronary heart disease in a large community based cohort: results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study [corrected]. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109552. [PMID: 25303709 PMCID: PMC4193805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prospective data examining the relationship between dietary protein intake and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) are inconclusive. Most evidence is derived from homogenous populations such as health professionals. Large community-based analyses in more diverse samples are lacking. Methods We studied the association of protein type and major dietary protein sources and risk for incident CHD in 12,066 middle-aged adults (aged 45–64 at baseline, 1987–1989) from four U.S. communities enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who were free of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary protein intake was assessed at baseline and after 6 years of follow-up by food frequency questionnaire. Our primary outcome was adjudicated coronary heart disease events or deaths with following up through December 31, 2010. Cox proportional hazard models with multivariable adjustment were used for statistical analyses. Results During a median follow-up of 22 years, there were 1,147 CHD events. In multivariable analyses total, animal and vegetable protein were not associated with an increased risk for CHD before or after adjustment. In food group analyses of major dietary protein sources, protein intake from red and processed meat, dairy products, fish, nuts, eggs, and legumes were not significantly associated with CHD risk. The hazard ratios [with 95% confidence intervals] for risk of CHD across quintiles of protein from poultry were 1.00 [ref], 0.83 [0.70–0.99], 0.93 [0.75–1.15], 0.88 [0.73–1.06], 0.79 [0.64–0.98], P for trend = 0.16). Replacement analyses evaluating the association of substituting one source of dietary protein for another or of decreasing protein intake at the expense of carbohydrates or total fats did not show any statistically significant association with CHD risk. Conclusion Based on a large community cohort we found no overall relationship between protein type and major dietary protein sources and risk for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Haring
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Noelle Gronroos
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Moritz C. Wyler von Ballmoos
- Department of Surgery & Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Froedtert Memorial Hospital & Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology and the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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15
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Qi Q, Kilpeläinen TO, Downer MK, Tanaka T, Smith CE, Sluijs I, Sonestedt E, Chu AY, Renström F, Lin X, Ängquist LH, Huang J, Liu Z, Li Y, Asif Ali M, Xu M, Ahluwalia TS, Boer JMA, Chen P, Daimon M, Eriksson J, Perola M, Friedlander Y, Gao YT, Heppe DHM, Holloway JW, Houston DK, Kanoni S, Kim YM, Laaksonen MA, Jääskeläinen T, Lee NR, Lehtimäki T, Lemaitre RN, Lu W, Luben RN, Manichaikul A, Männistö S, Marques-Vidal P, Monda KL, Ngwa JS, Perusse L, van Rooij FJA, Xiang YB, Wen W, Wojczynski MK, Zhu J, Borecki IB, Bouchard C, Cai Q, Cooper C, Dedoussis GV, Deloukas P, Ferrucci L, Forouhi NG, Hansen T, Christiansen L, Hofman A, Johansson I, Jørgensen T, Karasawa S, Khaw KT, Kim MK, Kristiansson K, Li H, Lin X, Liu Y, Lohman KK, Long J, Mikkilä V, Mozaffarian D, North K, Pedersen O, Raitakari O, Rissanen H, Tuomilehto J, van der Schouw YT, Uitterlinden AG, Zillikens MC, Franco OH, Shyong Tai E, Ou Shu X, Siscovick DS, Toft U, Verschuren WMM, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Witteman JCM, Zheng W, Ridker PM, Kang JH, Liang L, Jensen MK, Curhan GC, Pasquale LR, Hunter DJ, Mohlke KL, Uusitupa M, Cupples LA, Rankinen T, Orho-Melander M, Wang T, Chasman DI, Franks PW, Sørensen TIA, Hu FB, Loos RJF, Nettleton JA, Qi L. FTO genetic variants, dietary intake and body mass index: insights from 177,330 individuals. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6961-72. [PMID: 25104851 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
FTO is the strongest known genetic susceptibility locus for obesity. Experimental studies in animals suggest the potential roles of FTO in regulating food intake. The interactive relation among FTO variants, dietary intake and body mass index (BMI) is complex and results from previous often small-scale studies in humans are highly inconsistent. We performed large-scale analyses based on data from 177,330 adults (154 439 Whites, 5776 African Americans and 17 115 Asians) from 40 studies to examine: (i) the association between the FTO-rs9939609 variant (or a proxy single-nucleotide polymorphism) and total energy and macronutrient intake and (ii) the interaction between the FTO variant and dietary intake on BMI. The minor allele (A-allele) of the FTO-rs9939609 variant was associated with higher BMI in Whites (effect per allele = 0.34 [0.31, 0.37] kg/m(2), P = 1.9 × 10(-105)), and all participants (0.30 [0.30, 0.35] kg/m(2), P = 3.6 × 10(-107)). The BMI-increasing allele of the FTO variant showed a significant association with higher dietary protein intake (effect per allele = 0.08 [0.06, 0.10] %, P = 2.4 × 10(-16)), and relative weak associations with lower total energy intake (-6.4 [-10.1, -2.6] kcal/day, P = 0.001) and lower dietary carbohydrate intake (-0.07 [-0.11, -0.02] %, P = 0.004). The associations with protein (P = 7.5 × 10(-9)) and total energy (P = 0.002) were attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for BMI. We did not find significant interactions between the FTO variant and dietary intake of total energy, protein, carbohydrate or fat on BMI. Our findings suggest a positive association between the BMI-increasing allele of FTO variant and higher dietary protein intake and offer insight into potential link between FTO, dietary protein intake and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA Department of Nutrition and
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and
| | | | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivonne Sluijs
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Frida Renström
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Xiaochen Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lars H Ängquist
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jinyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Min Xu
- Department of Nutrition and
| | - Tarunveer Singh Ahluwalia
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jolanda M A Boer
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peng Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and
| | - Makoto Daimon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Johan Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Denise H M Heppe
- The Generation R Study Group Department of Epidemiology Department of Pediatrics
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Denise K Houston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| | - Yu-Mi Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Tiina Jääskeläinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert N Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland Department of Medicine, CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Keri L Monda
- Department of Epidemiology Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Julius S Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louis Perusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Ste-Foy, QC, Canada
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK National Institute for Health Research Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD) and
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and
| | - Lene Christiansen
- The Danish Twin Registry, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Shigeru Karasawa
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mi-Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, HanYang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Huaixing Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology Carolina Center for Genome Sciences
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Rissanen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Universario LaPaz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulla Toft
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacqueline C M Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology The Netherlands Genomics Initiative sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Majken K Jensen
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary C Curhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA and
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine
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16
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Yu B, Zheng Y, Nettleton JA, Alexander D, Coresh J, Boerwinkle E. Serum metabolomic profiling and incident CKD among African Americans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 9:1410-7. [PMID: 25011442 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11971113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Novel biomarkers that more accurately reflect kidney function and predict future CKD are needed. The human metabolome is the product of multiple physiologic or pathophysiologic processes and may provide novel insight into disease etiology and progression. This study investigated whether estimated kidney function would be associated with multiple metabolites and whether selected metabolomic factors would be independent risk factors for incident CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS In total, 1921 African Americans free of CKD with a median of 19.6 years follow-up among the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study were included. A total of 204 serum metabolites quantified by untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was analyzed by both linear regression for the cross-sectional associations with eGFR (specified by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation) and Cox proportional hazards model for the longitudinal associations with incident CKD. RESULTS Forty named and 34 unnamed metabolites were found to be associated with eGFR specified by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation with creatine and 3-indoxyl sulfate showing the strongest positive (2.8 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) per +1 SD; 95% confidence interval, 2.1 to 3.5) and negative association (-14.2 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) per +1 SD; 95% confidence interval, -17.0 to -11.3), respectively. Two hundred four incident CKD events with a median follow-up time of 19.6 years were included in the survival analyses. Higher levels of 5-oxoproline (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 0.82) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.80) were significantly related to lower risk of incident CKD, and the associations did not appreciably change when mutually adjusted. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a large number of metabolites associated with kidney function as well as two metabolites that are candidate risk factors for CKD and may provide new insights into CKD biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yan Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Josef Coresh
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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17
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Zheng Y, Yu B, Alexander D, Steffen LM, Nettleton JA, Boerwinkle E. Metabolomic patterns and alcohol consumption in African Americans in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:1470-8. [PMID: 24760976 PMCID: PMC4021786 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.074070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of alcohol consumption on health and disease are complex and involve a number of cellular and metabolic processes. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between alcohol consumption habits and metabolomic profiles. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the association of alcohol consumption habits measured by using a questionnaire with serum metabolites measured by using untargeted mass spectrometry in 1977 African Americans from the Jackson field center in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. The whole sample was split into a discovery set (n = 1500) and a replication set (n = 477). Alcohol consumption habits were treated as an ordinal variable, with nondrinkers as the reference group and quartiles of current drinkers as ordinal groups with higher values. For each metabolite, a linear regression was conducted to estimate its relation with alcohol consumption habits separately in both sets. A modified Bonferroni procedure was used in the discovery set to adjust the significance threshold (P < 1.9 × 10⁻⁴). RESULTS In 356 named metabolites, 39 metabolites were significantly associated with alcohol consumption habits in both discovery and replication sets. In general, alcohol consumption was associated with higher levels of most metabolites such as those in amino acid and lipid pathways and with lower levels of γ-glutamyl dipeptides. Three pathways, 2-hydroxybutyrate-related metabolites, γ-glutamyl dipeptides, and lysophosphatidylcholines, which are considered to be involved in inflammation and oxidation, were associated with incident cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the largest metabolomic study thus far conducted in nonwhites. Metabolomic biomarkers of alcohol consumption were identified and replicated. The results lend new insight into potential mediating effects between alcohol consumption and future health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
| | - Bing Yu
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
| | - Danny Alexander
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- From the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (YZ, BY, JAN, and EB); Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC (DA); the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (LMS); and the Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (EB)
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18
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Perng W, Villamor E, Shroff MR, Nettleton JA, Pilsner JR, Liu Y, Diez-Roux AV. Dietary intake, plasma homocysteine, and repetitive element DNA methylation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:614-622. [PMID: 24477006 PMCID: PMC4037331 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS DNA methylation of repetitive elements may explain the relations between dietary intake, hyperhomocysteinemia, and cardiovascular disease risk. We investigated associations of methyl micronutrient intake and plasma total homocysteine with LINE-1 and Alu methylation in a cross-sectional study of 987 adults aged 45-84 y who participated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Stress Study. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA methylation was estimated using pyrosequencing technology. A 120-item food frequency questionnaire was used to ascertain daily intake of folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, zinc, and methionine. Plasma total homocysteine was quantified using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Associations of micronutrient intake and homocysteine with LINE-1 and Alu methylation were examined using linear regression. Adjusted differences in %5-methylated cytosines (%5 mC) were examined by categories of predictors using multivariable linear regression models. Intake of methyl-donor micronutrients was not associated with DNA methylation. After adjustment for covariates, each 3 μmol/L increment of homocysteine corresponded with 0.06 (-0.01, 0.13) %5 mC higher LINE-1 methylation. Additionally, BMI was positively associated with LINE-1 methylation (P trend = 0.03). Participants with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m² had 0.35 (0.03, 0.67) %5 mC higher LINE-1 than those with normal BMI. We also observed a 0.10 (0.02, 0.19) %5 mC difference in Alu methylation per 10 cm of height. These associations did not differ by sex. CONCLUSION Dietary intake of methyl-donor micronutrients was not associated with measures of DNA methylation in our sample. However, higher BMI was related to higher LINE-1 methylation, and height was positively associated with Alu methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - E Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M R Shroff
- Center for Healthy Communities, Michigan Public Health Institute, Okemos, MI, USA
| | - J A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J R Pilsner
- Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - A V Diez-Roux
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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19
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Guan W, Steffen BT, Lemaitre RN, Wu JHY, Tanaka T, Manichaikul A, Foy M, Rich SS, Wang L, Nettleton JA, Tang W, Gu X, Bandinelli S, King IB, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Siscovick D, Djousse L, Chen YDI, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Mozafarrian D, Tsai MY, Steffen LM. Genome-wide association study of plasma N6 polyunsaturated fatty acids within the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology consortium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:321-331. [PMID: 24823311 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega6 (n6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are involved in cell signaling, inflammation, clot formation, and other crucial biological processes. Genetic components, such as variants of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes, determine the composition of n6 PUFAs. METHODS AND RESULTS To elucidate undiscovered biological pathways that may influence n6 PUFA composition, we conducted genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses of associations of common genetic variants with 6 plasma n6 PUFAs in 8631 white adults (55% women) across 5 prospective studies. Plasma phospholipid or total plasma fatty acids were analyzed by similar gas chromatography techniques. The n6 fatty acids linoleic acid (LA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-GLA, arachidonic acid, and adrenic acid were expressed as percentage of total fatty acids. We performed linear regression with robust SEs to test for single-nucleotide polymorphism-fatty acid associations, with pooling using inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis. Novel regions were identified on chromosome 10 associated with LA (rs10740118; P=8.1×10(-9); near NRBF2), on chromosome 16 with LA, GLA, dihomo-GLA, and arachidonic acid (rs16966952; P=1.2×10(-15), 5.0×10(-11), 7.6×10(-65), and 2.4×10(-10), respectively; NTAN1), and on chromosome 6 with adrenic acid after adjustment for arachidonic acid (rs3134950; P=2.1×10(-10); AGPAT1). We confirmed previous findings of the FADS cluster on chromosome 11 with LA and arachidonic acid, and further observed novel genome-wide significant association of this cluster with GLA, dihomo-GLA, and adrenic acid (P=2.3×10(-72), 2.6×10(-151), and 6.3×10(-140), respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that along with the FADS gene cluster, additional genes may influence n6 PUFA composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Brian T Steffen
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Millennia Foy
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Stafania Bandinelli
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze (ASF), Florence, Italy
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - David Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School & Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, Houston, TX.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Dariush Mozafarrian
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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20
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Nguyen HT, Bertoni AG, Nettleton JA, Bluemke DA, Levitan EB, Burke GL. DASH eating pattern is associated with favorable left ventricular function in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Nutr 2013; 31:401-7. [PMID: 23756584 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2012.10720466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Potential associations between consistency with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and preclinical stages of heart failure (HF) in a large multiethnic cohort have not been evaluated. This study sought to determine the cross-sectional relationship between the DASH eating pattern and left ventricular (LV) function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). DESIGN A total of 4506 men and women from four ethnic groups (40% white, 24% African American, 22% Hispanic American, and 14% Chinese American) aged 45-84 years and free of clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) were studied. Diet was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. LV functional parameters including end-diastolic volume, stroke volume, and LV ejection fraction were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Multivariate analyses were conducted to examine the association between LV function and DASH eating pattern (including high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, poultry, fish, nuts, and low-fat dairy products and low consumption of red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages). RESULTS A 1-unit increase in DASH eating pattern score was associated with a 0.26 ml increase in end-diastolic volume and increases of 0.10 ml/m(2) in stroke volume, adjusted for key confounders. A 1-unit increase in DASH eating pattern score was also associated with a 0.04% increase in ejection fraction, but the relationship was marginally significant (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS In this population, greater DASH diet consistency is associated with favorable LV function. DASH dietary patterns could be protective against HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha T Nguyen
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1084, USA.
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21
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Remigio-Baker RA, Diez Roux AV, Szklo M, Crum RM, Leoutsakos JM, Franco M, Schreiner PJ, Carnethon MR, Nettleton JA, Mujahid MS, Michos ED, Gary-Webb TL, Golden SH. Physical environment may modify the association between depressive symptoms and change in waist circumference: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Psychosomatics 2013; 55:144-54. [PMID: 24388121 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the bidirectional association between depressive symptoms and adiposity has been recognized, the contribution of neighborhood factors to this relationship has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates whether physical and social neighborhood environments modify the bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and adiposity (measured by waist circumference and body mass index). METHODS Using data on 5,122 men and women (ages 45 to 84 years) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) we investigated whether neighborhood physical (i.e., walking environment and availability of healthy food) and social (i.e., safety, aesthetics, and social coherence) environments modified the association between the following: (1) baseline elevated depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Study Depression Scale score ≥ 16) and change in adiposity (as measured by waist circumference and body mass index) and (2) baseline overweight/obesity (waist circumference > 102 cm for men and >88 cm for women, or body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) and change in depressive symptoms using multilevel models. Neighborhood-level factors were obtained from the MESA Neighborhood Study. RESULTS A greater increase in waist circumference in participants with vs without elevated depressive symptoms was observed in those living in poorly-rated physical environments but not in those living in better-rated environments (interaction p = 0.045). No associations were observed with body mass index. Baseline overweight/obesity was not associated with change in depressive symptoms and there was no modification by neighborhood-level factors. CONCLUSIONS Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with greater increase in waist circumference among individuals living in poorly-rated physical environments than in those in better-rated physical environments. No association was found between overweight/obesity and change in depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemay A Remigio-Baker
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rosa M Crum
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Manuel Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Mercedes R Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Department of Nutrition and Obesity, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Mahasin S Mujahid
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tiffany L Gary-Webb
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Sherita H Golden
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Zheng Y, Yu B, Alexander D, Manolio TA, Aguilar D, Coresh J, Heiss G, Boerwinkle E, Nettleton JA. Associations between metabolomic compounds and incident heart failure among African Americans: the ARIC Study. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:534-42. [PMID: 23788672 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is more prevalent among African Americans than in the general population. Metabolomic studies among African Americans may efficiently identify novel biomarkers of heart failure. We used untargeted methods to measure 204 stable serum metabolites and evaluated their associations with incident heart failure hospitalization (n = 276) after a median follow-up of 20 years (1987-2008) by using Cox regression in data from 1,744 African Americans aged 45-64 years without heart failure at baseline from the Jackson, Mississippi, field center of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. After adjustment for established risk factors, we found that 16 metabolites (6 named with known structural identities and 10 unnamed with unknown structural identities, the latter denoted by using the format X-12345) were associated with incident heart failure (P < 0.0004 based on a modified Bonferroni procedure). Of the 6 named metabolites, 4 are involved in amino acid metabolism, 1 (prolylhydroxyproline) is a dipeptide, and 1 (erythritol) is a sugar alcohol. After additional adjustment for kidney function, 2 metabolites remained associated with incident heart failure (for metabolite X-11308, hazard ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.86; for metabolite X-11787, hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.10, 1.37). Further structural analysis revealed X-11308 to be a dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid and X-11787 to be an isoform of either hydroxyleucine or hydroxyisoleucine. Our metabolomic analysis revealed novel biomarkers associated with incident heart failure independent of traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Yu B, Zheng Y, Alexander D, Manolio TA, Alonso A, Nettleton JA, Boerwinkle E. Genome-wide association study of a heart failure related metabolomic profile among African Americans in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:840-5. [PMID: 23934736 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Both the prevalence and incidence of heart failure (HF) are increasing, especially among African Americans, but no large-scale, genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HF-related metabolites has been reported. We sought to identify novel genetic variants that are associated with metabolites previously reported to relate to HF incidence. GWASs of three metabolites identified previously as risk factors for incident HF (pyroglutamine, dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid, and X-11787, being either hydroxy-leucine or hydroxy-isoleucine) were performed in 1,260 African Americans free of HF at the baseline examination of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. A significant association on chromosome 5q33 (rs10463316, MAF = 0.358, P-value = 1.92 × 10(-10) ) was identified for pyroglutamine. One region on chromosome 2p13 contained a nonsynonymous substitution in N-acetyltransferase 8 (NAT8) was associated with X-11787 (rs13538, MAF = 0.481, P-value = 1.71 × 10(-23) ). The smallest P-value for dihydroxy docosatrienoic acid was rs4006531 on chromosome 8q24 (MAF = 0.400, P-value = 6.98 × 10(-7) ). None of the above SNPs were individually associated with incident HF, but a genetic risk score (GRS) created by summing the most significant risk alleles from each metabolite detected 11% greater risk of HF per allele. In summary, we identified three loci associated with previously reported HF-related metabolites. Further use of metabolomics technology will facilitate replication of these findings in independent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Curl CL, Beresford SAA, Hajat A, Kaufman JD, Moore K, Nettleton JA, Diez-Roux AV. Associations of organic produce consumption with socioeconomic status and the local food environment: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). PLoS One 2013; 8:e69778. [PMID: 23936098 PMCID: PMC3729963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood characteristics, such as healthy food availability, have been associated with consumption of healthy food. Little is known about the influence of the local food environment on other dietary choices, such as the decision to consume organic food. We analyzed the associations between organic produce consumption and demographic, socioeconomic and neighborhood characteristics in 4,064 participants aged 53-94 in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis using log-binomial regression models. Participants were classified as consuming organic produce if they reported eating organic fruits and vegetables either "sometimes" or "often or always". Women were 21% more likely to consume organic produce than men (confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.30), and the likelihood of organic produce consumption was 13% less with each additional 10 years of age (CI: 0.84-0.91). Participants with higher education were significantly more likely to consume organic produce (prevalence ratios [PR] were 1.05 with a high school education, 1.39 with a bachelor's degree and 1.68 with a graduate degree, with less than high school as the reference group [1.00]). Per capita household income was marginally associated with produce consumption (p = 0.06), with the highest income category more likely to consume organic produce. After adjustment for these individual factors, organic produce consumption was significantly associated with self-reported assessment of neighborhood produce availability (PR: 1.07, CI: 1.02-1.11), with an aggregated measure of community perception of the local food environment (PR: 1.08, CI: 1.00-1.17), and, to a lesser degree, with supermarket density (PR: 1.02: CI: 0.99-1.05). This research suggests that both individual-level characteristics and qualities of the local food environment are associated with having a diet that includes organic food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Curl
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Nettleton JA, Lemaitre RN, Steffen LM, Kromhout D, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Jacobs DR, Mozaffarian D. Biomarkers of dairy fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000092. [PMID: 23868191 PMCID: PMC3828802 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the role of dairy fat intake in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been mixed and inconclusive. Most earlier studies have used self-reported measures of dietary intake and focused on relatively racially homogeneous populations. Circulating biomarkers of dairy fat in a multiethnic cohort provide objective measures of dairy fat intake and facilitate conclusions relevant to populations with different diets and susceptibility to CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS In a multiethnic cohort of 2837 US adults aged 45 to 84 years at baseline (2000-2002), phospholipid fatty acids including 15:0, 14:0, and trans-16:1n7 were measured using standardized methods, and the incidence of CVD prospectively adjudicated. Self-reported whole-fat dairy and butter intakes had strongest associations with 15:0, rather than 14:0 or trans-16:1n7. In multivariate models including demographics and lifestyle and dietary habits, each SD-unit of 15:0 was associated with 19% lower CVD risk (hazard ratio [95% CI] 0.81 [0.68 to 0.98]) and 26% lower coronary heart disease (CHD) risk (0.74 [0.60 to 0.92]). Associations were strengthened after mutual adjustment for 14:0 and trans-16:1n-7 and were similar after adjustment for potential mediators. Plasma phospholipid 14:0 and trans-16:1n-7 were not significantly associated with incident CVD or CHD. All findings were similar in white, black, Hispanic, and Chinese American participants. CONCLUSION Plasma phospholipid 15:0, a biomarker of dairy fat, was inversely associated with incident CVD and CHD, while no association was found with phospholipid 14:0 and trans-16:1n-7. These findings support the need for further investigation of CVD effects of dairy fat, dairy-specific fatty acids, and dairy products in general.
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Zheng Y, Yu B, Alexander D, Mosley TH, Heiss G, Nettleton JA, Boerwinkle E. Metabolomics and incident hypertension among blacks: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Hypertension 2013; 62:398-403. [PMID: 23774226 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of hypertension is influenced by genes, environmental effects, and their interactions, and the human metabolome is a measurable manifestation of gene-environment interaction. We explored the metabolomic antecedents of developing incident hypertension in a sample of blacks, a population with a high prevalence of hypertension and its comorbidities. We examined 896 black normotensives (565 women; aged, 45-64 years) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, whose metabolome was measured in serum collected at the baseline examination and analyzed by high-throughput methods. The analyses presented here focus on 204 stably measured metabolites during a period of 4 to 6 weeks. Weibull parametric models considering interval censored data were used to assess the hazard ratio for incident hypertension. We used a modified Bonferroni correction accounting for the correlations among metabolites to define a threshold for statistical significance (P<3.9 × 10(-4)). During 10 years of follow-up, 38% of baseline normotensives developed hypertension (n=344). With adjustment for traditional risk factors and estimated glomerular filtration rate, each +1SD difference in baseline 4-hydroxyhippurate, a product of gut microbial fermentation, was associated with 17% higher risk of hypertension (P=2.5 × 10(-4)), which remained significant after adjusting for both baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P=3.8 × 10(-4)). After principal component analyses, a sex steroids pattern was significantly associated with risk of incident hypertension (highest versus lowest quintile hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-2.82; P for trend, 0.03), and stratified analyses suggested that this association was consistent in both sexes. Metabolomic analyses identify novel pathways in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
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Tanaka T, Ngwa JS, van Rooij FJA, Zillikens MC, Wojczynski MK, Frazier-Wood AC, Houston DK, Kanoni S, Lemaitre RN, Luan J, Mikkilä V, Renstrom F, Sonestedt E, Zhao JH, Chu AY, Qi L, Chasman DI, de Oliveira Otto MC, Dhurandhar EJ, Feitosa MF, Johansson I, Khaw KT, Lohman KK, Manichaikul A, McKeown NM, Mozaffarian D, Singleton A, Stirrups K, Viikari J, Ye Z, Bandinelli S, Barroso I, Deloukas P, Forouhi NG, Hofman A, Liu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, North KE, Dimitriou M, Hallmans G, Kähönen M, Langenberg C, Ordovas JM, Uitterlinden AG, Hu FB, Kalafati IP, Raitakari O, Franco OH, Johnson A, Emilsson V, Schrack JA, Semba RD, Siscovick DS, Arnett DK, Borecki IB, Franks PW, Kritchevsky SB, Lehtimäki T, Loos RJF, Orho-Melander M, Rotter JI, Wareham NJ, Witteman JCM, Ferrucci L, Dedoussis G, Cupples LA, Nettleton JA. Genome-wide meta-analysis of observational studies shows common genetic variants associated with macronutrient intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97:1395-402. [PMID: 23636237 PMCID: PMC3652928 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.052183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macronutrient intake varies substantially between individuals, and there is evidence that this variation is partly accounted for by genetic variants. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify common genetic variants that are associated with macronutrient intake. DESIGN We performed 2-stage genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of macronutrient intake in populations of European descent. Macronutrients were assessed by using food-frequency questionnaires and analyzed as percentages of total energy consumption from total fat, protein, and carbohydrate. From the discovery GWA (n = 38,360), 35 independent loci associated with macronutrient intake at P < 5 × 10(-6) were identified and taken forward to replication in 3 additional cohorts (n = 33,533) from the DietGen Consortium. For one locus, fat mass obesity-associated protein (FTO), cohorts with Illumina MetaboChip genotype data (n = 7724) provided additional replication data. RESULTS A variant in the chromosome 19 locus (rs838145) was associated with higher carbohydrate (β ± SE: 0.25 ± 0.04%; P = 1.68 × 10(-8)) and lower fat (β ± SE: -0.21 ± 0.04%; P = 1.57 × 10(-9)) consumption. A candidate gene in this region, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), encodes a fibroblast growth factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. The variants in this locus were associated with circulating FGF21 protein concentrations (P < 0.05) but not mRNA concentrations in blood or brain. The body mass index (BMI)-increasing allele of the FTO variant (rs1421085) was associated with higher protein intake (β ± SE: 0.10 ± 0.02%; P = 9.96 × 10(-10)), independent of BMI (after adjustment for BMI, β ± SE: 0.08 ± 0.02%; P = 3.15 × 10(-7)). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that variants in genes involved in nutrient metabolism and obesity are associated with macronutrient consumption in humans. Trials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005131 (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005136 (Family Heart Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Heart Study), NCT00083369 (Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Triglycerides), NCT01331512 (InCHIANTI Study), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA.
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Mozaffarian D, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lemaitre RN, Fretts AM, Hotamisligil G, Tsai MY, Siscovick DS, Nettleton JA. trans-Palmitoleic acid, other dairy fat biomarkers, and incident diabetes: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97:854-61. [PMID: 23407305 PMCID: PMC3607658 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.045468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy consumption is linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, but constituents responsible for this relation are not established. Emerging evidence suggests that trans-palmitoleate (trans 16:1n-7), a fatty acid in dairy and also partially hydrogenated oils, may be associated with a more favorable metabolic profile and less incident diabetes. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of trans-palmitoleate with metabolic risk and incident diabetes in a multiethnic US cohort. DESIGN Phospholipid fatty acids and metabolic risk factors were measured in 2000-2002 among 2617 adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a cohort of white, black, Hispanic, and Chinese Americans. In 2281 participants free of baseline diabetes, we also prospectively assessed the risk of new-onset diabetes (205 cases) from baseline to 2005-2007. RESULTS trans-Palmitoleate concentrations correlated positively with self-reported consumption of whole-fat dairy, butter, margarine, and baked desserts and with other circulating biomarkers of both dairy fat and partially hydrogenated oil consumption, which suggested mixed dietary sources. After multivariable adjustment, trans-palmitoleate concentrations were associated with higher LDL cholesterol (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1: +6.4%; P-trend = 0.005), lower triglycerides (-19.1%; P-trend < 0.001), lower fasting insulin (-9.1%; P-trend = 0.002), and lower systolic blood pressure (-2.4 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.01). In prospective analyses, trans-palmitoleate was independently associated with lower incident diabetes (P-trend = 0.02), including a 48% lower risk in quintile 5 compared with quintile 1 (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.85). All findings were similar between men and women and between different race-ethnic subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Circulating trans-palmitoleate is associated with higher LDL cholesterol but also with lower triglycerides, fasting insulin, blood pressure, and incident diabetes in a multiethnic US cohort. Our findings support the need for further experimental and dietary intervention studies that target circulating trans-palmitoleate. The MESA trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
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Wu JHY, Lemaitre RN, Manichaikul A, Guan W, Tanaka T, Foy M, Kabagambe EK, Djousse L, Siscovick D, Fretts AM, Johnson C, King IB, Psaty BM, McKnight B, Rich SS, Chen YDI, Nettleton JA, Tang W, Bandinelli S, Jacobs DR, Browning BL, Laurie CC, Gu X, Tsai MY, Steffen LM, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Mozaffarian D. Genome-wide association study identifies novel loci associated with concentrations of four plasma phospholipid fatty acids in the de novo lipogenesis pathway: results from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2013; 6:171-83. [PMID: 23362303 PMCID: PMC3891054 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.112.964619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND- Palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), and oleic acid (18:1n-9) are major saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids that affect cellular signaling and metabolic pathways. They are synthesized via de novo lipogenesis and are the main saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the diet. Levels of these fatty acids have been linked to diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS- Genome-wide association studies were conducted in 5 population-based cohorts comprising 8961 participants of European ancestry to investigate the association of common genetic variation with plasma levels of these 4 fatty acids. We identified polymorphisms in 7 novel loci associated with circulating levels of ≥1 of these fatty acids. ALG14 (asparagine-linked glycosylation 14 homolog) polymorphisms were associated with higher 16:0 (P=2.7×10(-11)) and lower 18:0 (P=2.2×10(-18)). FADS1 and FADS2 (desaturases) polymorphisms were associated with higher 16:1n-7 (P=6.6×10(-13)) and 18:1n-9 (P=2.2×10(-32)) and lower 18:0 (P=1.3×10(-20)). LPGAT1 (lysophosphatidylglycerol acyltransferase) polymorphisms were associated with lower 18:0 (P=2.8×10(-9)). GCKR (glucokinase regulator; P=9.8×10(-10)) and HIF1AN (factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1; P=5.7×10(-9)) polymorphisms were associated with higher 16:1n-7, whereas PKD2L1 (polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1; P=5.7×10(-15)) and a locus on chromosome 2 (not near known genes) were associated with lower 16:1n-7 (P=4.1×10(-8)). CONCLUSIONS- Our findings provide novel evidence that common variations in genes with diverse functions, including protein-glycosylation, polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, phospholipid modeling, and glucose- and oxygen-sensing pathways, are associated with circulating levels of 4 fatty acids in the de novo lipogenesis pathway. These results expand our knowledge of genetic factors relevant to de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Meyer KA, Sijtsma FPC, Nettleton JA, Steffen LM, Van Horn L, Shikany JM, Gross MD, Mursu J, Traber MG, Jacobs DR. Dietary patterns are associated with plasma F₂-isoprostanes in an observational cohort study of adults. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 57:201-9. [PMID: 22982044 PMCID: PMC3872789 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Associations between individual foods or nutrients and oxidative markers have been reported. Comprehensive measures of food intake may be uniquely informative, given the complexity of oxidative systems and the possibility of antioxidant synergies. We quantified associations over a 20-year history between three food-based dietary patterns (summary measures of whole diet) and a plasma biomarker of lipid peroxidation, F2-isoprostanes, in a cohort of Americans ages 18-30 at year 0 (1985-1986). We assessed diet at years 0, 7, and 20 through a detailed history of past-month food consumption and supplement use and measured plasma F2-isoprostanes at years 15 and 20. We created three dietary patterns: (1) a priori ("a priori diet quality score") based on hypothesized healthfulness of foods, (2) an empirical pattern reflecting high fruit and vegetable intake ("fruit-veg"), and (3) an empirical pattern reflecting high meat intake ("meat"). We used linear regression to estimate associations between each dietary pattern and plasma F2-isoprostanes cross-sectionally (at year 20, n=2736) and prospectively (year 0/7 average diet and year 15/20 average F2-isoprostanes, n=2718), adjusting for age, sex, race, total energy intake, education, smoking, body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, and supplement use. In multivariable-adjusted cross-sectional analysis, the a priori diet quality score and the fruit-veg diet pattern were negatively, and the meat pattern was positively, associated with F2-isoprostanes (all p values <0.001). These associations remained statistically significant in prospective analysis. Our findings suggest that long-term adherence to a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low in red meat may decrease lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Meyer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Shay CM, Abramson JG, Friedrich CA, Nettleton JA, Prizment AE, Folsom AR. Ideal cardiovascular health is inversely associated with incident cancer: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities study. Circulation 2013; 127:1270-5. [PMID: 23509058 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association (AHA) has defined the concept of ideal cardiovascular health in promotion of the 2020 Strategic Impact Goals. We examined whether adherence to ideal levels of the 7 AHA cardiovascular health metrics was associated with incident cancers in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study over 17 to 19 years of follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS After exclusions for missing data and prevalent cancer, 13 253 ARIC participants were included for analysis. Baseline measurements were used to classify participants according to 7 AHA cardiovascular health metrics. Combined cancer incidence (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers) from 1987 to 2006 was captured using cancer registries and hospital surveillance; 2880 incident cancer cases occurred over follow-up. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios for incident cancer. There was a significant (P trend <0.0001), graded, inverse association between the number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics at baseline and cancer incidence. Participants meeting goals for 6 to 7 ideal health metrics (2.7% of the population) had 51% lower risk of incident cancer than those meeting goals for 0 ideal health metrics. When smoking was removed from the sum of ideal health metrics, the association was attenuated with participants meeting goals for 5 to 6 health metrics having 25% lower cancer risk than those meeting goals for 0 ideal health metrics (P trend =0.03). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the 7 ideal health metrics defined in the AHA 2020 goals is associated with lower cancer incidence. The AHA should continue to pursue partnerships with cancer advocacy groups to achieve reductions in chronic disease prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Hruby A, Ngwa JS, Renström F, Wojczynski MK, Ganna A, Hallmans G, Houston DK, Jacques PF, Kanoni S, Lehtimäki T, Lemaitre RN, Manichaikul A, North KE, Ntalla I, Sonestedt E, Tanaka T, van Rooij FJA, Bandinelli S, Djoussé L, Grigoriou E, Johansson I, Lohman KK, Pankow JS, Raitakari OT, Riserus U, Yannakoulia M, Zillikens MC, Hassanali N, Liu Y, Mozaffarian D, Papoutsakis C, Syvänen AC, Uitterlinden AG, Viikari J, Groves CJ, Hofman A, Lind L, McCarthy MI, Mikkilä V, Mukamal K, Franco OH, Borecki IB, Cupples LA, Dedoussis GV, Ferrucci L, Hu FB, Ingelsson E, Kähönen M, Kao WHL, Kritchevsky SB, Orho-Melander M, Prokopenko I, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Witteman JCM, Franks PW, Meigs JB, McKeown NM, Nettleton JA. Higher magnesium intake is associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin, with no evidence of interaction with select genetic loci, in a meta-analysis of 15 CHARGE Consortium Studies. J Nutr 2013; 143:345-53. [PMID: 23343670 PMCID: PMC3713023 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.172049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Favorable associations between magnesium intake and glycemic traits, such as fasting glucose and insulin, are observed in observational and clinical studies, but whether genetic variation affects these associations is largely unknown. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with either glycemic traits or magnesium metabolism affect the association between magnesium intake and fasting glucose and insulin. Fifteen studies from the CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) Consortium provided data from up to 52,684 participants of European descent without known diabetes. In fixed-effects meta-analyses, we quantified 1) cross-sectional associations of dietary magnesium intake with fasting glucose (mmol/L) and insulin (ln-pmol/L) and 2) interactions between magnesium intake and SNPs related to fasting glucose (16 SNPs), insulin (2 SNPs), or magnesium (8 SNPs) on fasting glucose and insulin. After adjustment for age, sex, energy intake, BMI, and behavioral risk factors, magnesium (per 50-mg/d increment) was inversely associated with fasting glucose [β = -0.009 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.013, -0.005), P < 0.0001] and insulin [-0.020 ln-pmol/L (95% CI: -0.024, -0.017), P < 0.0001]. No magnesium-related SNP or interaction between any SNP and magnesium reached significance after correction for multiple testing. However, rs2274924 in magnesium transporter-encoding TRPM6 showed a nominal association (uncorrected P = 0.03) with glucose, and rs11558471 in SLC30A8 and rs3740393 near CNNM2 showed a nominal interaction (uncorrected, both P = 0.02) with magnesium on glucose. Consistent with other studies, a higher magnesium intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin. Nominal evidence of TRPM6 influence and magnesium interaction with select loci suggests that further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Hruby
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Julius S. Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mary K. Wojczynski
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Denise K. Houston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Paul F. Jacques
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere, School of Medicine, and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, and Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Frank J. A. van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Luc Djoussé
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Efi Grigoriou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kurt K. Lohman
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, and Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ulf Riserus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neelam Hassanali
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Christopher J. Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kenneth Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - W. H. Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Inga Prokopenko
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jacqueline C. M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - James B. Meigs
- Harvard Medical School and General Medicine Division, Clinical Epidemiology and Diabetes Research Units, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; and
| | - Nicola M. McKeown
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health at The University of Texas Health Science Center–Houston, Houston, TX
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Nettleton JA, Hivert MF, Lemaitre RN, McKeown NM, Mozaffarian D, Tanaka T, Wojczynski MK, Hruby A, Djoussé L, Ngwa JS, Follis JL, Dimitriou M, Ganna A, Houston DK, Kanoni S, Mikkilä V, Manichaikul A, Ntalla I, Renström F, Sonestedt E, van Rooij FJA, Bandinelli S, de Koning L, Ericson U, Hassanali N, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Lohman KK, Raitakari O, Papoutsakis C, Sjogren P, Stirrups K, Ax E, Deloukas P, Groves CJ, Jacques PF, Johansson I, Liu Y, McCarthy MI, North K, Viikari J, Zillikens MC, Dupuis J, Hofman A, Kolovou G, Mukamal K, Prokopenko I, Rolandsson O, Seppälä I, Cupples LA, Hu FB, Kähönen M, Uitterlinden AG, Borecki IB, Ferrucci L, Jacobs DR, Kritchevsky SB, Orho-Melander M, Pankow JS, Lehtimäki T, Witteman JCM, Ingelsson E, Siscovick DS, Dedoussis G, Meigs JB, Franks PW. Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 177:103-15. [PMID: 23255780 PMCID: PMC3707424 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether loci that influence fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) levels, as identified by genome-wide association studies, modify associations of diet with FG or FI is unknown. We utilized data from 15 U.S. and European cohort studies comprising 51,289 persons without diabetes to test whether genotype and diet interact to influence FG or FI concentration. We constructed a diet score using study-specific quartile rankings for intakes of whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, and nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugared beverages, and fried potatoes (unfavorable). We used linear regression within studies, followed by inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis, to quantify 1) associations of diet score with FG and FI levels and 2) interactions of diet score with 16 FG-associated loci and 2 FI-associated loci. Diet score (per unit increase) was inversely associated with FG (β = -0.004 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.005, -0.003) and FI (β = -0.008 ln-pmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.009, -0.007) levels after adjustment for demographic factors, lifestyle, and body mass index. Genotype variation at the studied loci did not modify these associations. Healthier diets were associated with lower FG and FI concentrations regardless of genotype at previously replicated FG- and FI-associated loci. Studies focusing on genomic regions that do not yield highly statistically significant associations from main-effect genome-wide association studies may be more fruitful in identifying diet-gene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Herman Pressler Drive, Suite E-641, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Alonso A, Lee DH, Delclos GL, Bertoni AG, Jiang R, Lima JA, Symanski E, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Reply to Brownstein. J Nutr 2012. [DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.165993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Kyungpook National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - George L. Delclos
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Joao A. Lima
- Department of Cardiology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Mozaffarian D, Kromhout D, Bertoni AG, Sibley CT, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Dietary intake of saturated fat by food source and incident cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96:397-404. [PMID: 22760560 PMCID: PMC3396447 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.037770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dietary recommendations have focused on restricting saturated fat (SF) consumption to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, evidence from prospective studies has not supported a strong link between total SF intake and CVD events. An understanding of whether food sources of SF influence these relations may provide new insights. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of SF consumption from different food sources and the incidence of CVD events in a multiethnic population. DESIGN Participants who were 45-84 y old at baseline (n = 5209) were followed from 2000 to 2010. Diet was assessed by using a 120-item food-frequency questionnaire. CVD incidence (316 cases) was assessed during follow-up visits. RESULTS After adjustment for demographics, lifestyle, and dietary confounders, a higher intake of dairy SF was associated with lower CVD risk [HR (95% CI) for +5 g/d and +5% of energy from dairy SF: 0.79 (0.68, 0.92) and 0.62 (0.47, 0.82), respectively]. In contrast, a higher intake of meat SF was associated with greater CVD risk [HR (95% CI) for +5 g/d and a +5% of energy from meat SF: 1.26 (1.02, 1.54) and 1.48 (0.98, 2.23), respectively]. The substitution of 2% of energy from meat SF with energy from dairy SF was associated with a 25% lower CVD risk [HR (95% CI): 0.75 (0.63, 0.91)]. No associations were observed between plant or butter SF and CVD risk, but ranges of intakes were narrow. CONCLUSION Associations of SF with health may depend on food-specific fatty acids or other nutrient constituents in foods that contain SF, in addition to SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA.
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Shea MK, Booth SL, Nettleton JA, Burke GL, Chen H, Kritchevsky SB. Circulating phylloquinone concentrations of adults in the United States differ according to race and ethnicity. J Nutr 2012; 142:1060-6. [PMID: 22496402 PMCID: PMC3349976 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.154278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in micronutrient status are reported to contribute to racial and ethnic differences in chronic diseases. Diseases related to vitamin K are reported to differ by race and ethnicity, but it is unclear if circulating vitamin K concentrations similarly differ. We examined racial and ethnic differences in serum phylloquionone (K1) in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (mean ± SD age = 62 ± 10 y; 52% female; 262 white, 180 African American, 169 Hispanic, 93 Chinese American). Overall, 25% had serum K1 <0.1 nmol/L (the lower limit of detection). The prevalence of low serum K1 was 4% in Chinese Americans compared with 24% of whites, 29% of African Americans, and 33% of Hispanics. Compared with whites, Chinese Americans were significantly less likely to have serum K1 <0.1 nmol/L [OR (95% CI): 0.23 (0.09-0.23), adjusted for serum TG, K1 intake, age, sex, BMI, smoking, total cholesterol, site, season, and lipid-lowering medication use]. African Americans and Hispanics had similar odds to whites for having serum K1 <0.1 nmol/L [OR(95% CI): 1.30 (0.79-2.15) and 1.19 (0.66-2.15), respectively; fully adjusted]. In participants with detectable concentrations (n = 523), (natural log) serum K1 was higher in the Chinese Americans compared with whites, African Americans, and Hispanics (geometric mean ± SEM = 2.2 ± 0.1 nmol/L vs. 1.2 ± 0.1 nmol/L, 1.5 ± 0.1 nmol/L, and 1.1 ± 0.1 nmol/L, respectively, adjusted for serum TG, K1 intake, and additional covariates; all P < 0.001). These findings suggest circulating K1 differs by race and ethnicity in U.S. adults, especially among those of Chinese American descent, which merits consideration in the design and interpretation of future population-based and clinical studies of vitamin K and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyla Shea
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Gronroos NN, Chamberlain AM, Folsom AR, Soliman EZ, Agarwal SK, Nettleton JA, Alonso A. Fish, fish-derived n-3 fatty acids, and risk of incident atrial fibrillation in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36686. [PMID: 22570739 PMCID: PMC3343018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of observational and experimental studies investigating the association between intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been inconsistent. METHODS We studied the association of fish and the fish-derived n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with the risk of incident AF in individuals aged 45-64 from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort (n = 14,222, 27% African Americans). Intake of fish and of DHA and EPA were measured via food frequency questionnaire. Plasma levels of DHA and EPA were measured in phospholipids in a subset of participants (n = 3,757). Incident AF was identified through the end of 2008 using ECGs, hospital discharge codes and death certificates. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios of AF by quartiles of n-3 PUFAs or by fish intake. RESULTS During the average follow-up of 17.6 years, 1,604 AF events were identified. In multivariable analyses, total fish intake and dietary DHA and EPA were not associated with AF risk. Higher intake of oily fish and canned tuna was associated with a nonsignificant lower risk of AF (p for trend = 0.09). Phospholipid levels of DHA+EPA were not related to incident AF. However, DHA and EPA showed differential associations with AF risk when analyzed separately, with lower risk of AF in those with higher levels of DHA but no association between EPA levels and AF risk. CONCLUSIONS In this racially diverse sample, dietary intake of fish and fish-derived n-3 fatty acids, as well as plasma biomarkers of fish intake, were not associated with AF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle N. Gronroos
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alanna M. Chamberlain
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Aaron R. Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Elsayed Z. Soliman
- Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center (EPICARE), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sunil K. Agarwal
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hruby A, Ngwa JS, Meigs JB, Nettleton JA, McKeown NM. Meta‐analysis of interaction between dietary magnesium intake and genetic risk variants on diabetes phenotypes in the CHARGE Consortium. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.243.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Hruby
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and PolicyTufts UniversityBostonMA
- Nutritional EpidemiologyJean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
| | - Julius S. Ngwa
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - James B. Meigs
- General Medicine DivisionDepartment of MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesSchool of Public Health at The University of Texas Health Science Center - HoustonHoustonTX
| | - Nicola M. McKeown
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and PolicyTufts UniversityBostonMA
- Nutritional EpidemiologyJean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Alonso A, Lee DH, Delclos GL, Bertoni AG, Jiang R, Lima JA, Symanski E, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Dietary intakes of zinc and heme iron from red meat, but not from other sources, are associated with greater risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. J Nutr 2012; 142:526-33. [PMID: 22259193 PMCID: PMC3278268 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.149781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share an inflammatory etiology and are known to be influenced by diet. We investigated associations of hypothesized prooxidative (Fe) and antioxidative (Zn, Mg, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E) micronutrients with incident MetS, T2D, and CVD in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Participants, 45-84 y at baseline (2000-2002), were followed through 2010. Diet was assessed by FFQ. After adjusting for demographics and behavioral confounders, including BMI, dietary vitamin E intake was inversely associated with incident MetS and CVD [HR for extreme quintiles: MetS = 0.78 (95% CI = 0.62, 0.97), P-trend = 0.01; CVD: HR = 0.69 (95% CI = 0.46, 1.03), P-trend = 0.04]. Intakes of heme iron and Zn from red meat, but not from other sources, were positively associated with risk of MetS [heme iron from red meat: HR = 1.25 (95% CI = 0.99,1.56), P-trend = 0.03; Zn from red meat: HR = 1.29 (95% CI = 1.03,1.61), P-trend = 0.04] and CVD [heme iron from red meat: HR = 1.65 (95% CI = 1.10,2.47), P-trend = 0.01; Zn from red meat: HR = 1.51 (95% CI = 1.02, 2.24), P-trend = 0.01]. Dietary intakes of nonheme iron, Mg, vitamin C, and β-carotene were not associated with risk of MetS, T2D, or CVD. Data provided little support for the associations between specific micronutrients and MetS, T2D, or CVD. However, nutrients consumed in red meat, or red meat as a whole, may increase risk of MetS and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and EnvFemental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Sciences Center- Houston
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - George L. Delclos
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and EnvFemental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Sciences Center- Houston
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Joao A. Lima
- Department of Cardiology, John Hopkins University
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and EnvFemental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Sciences Center- Houston
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and EnvFemental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Sciences Center- Houston,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Steffen BT, Steffen LM, Tracy R, Siscovick D, Jacobs D, Liu K, He K, Hanson NQ, Nettleton JA, Tsai MY. Ethnicity, plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition and inflammatory/endothelial activation biomarkers in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:600-5. [PMID: 22215136 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES It has been recognized that certain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are involved in inflammation and its resolution. It has also been shown that ethnicity may be a factor in affecting systemic inflammation, and limited evidence suggests it may influence plasma LC-PUFA composition. Given the links among these three factors, we aim to determine ethnicity-based differences in plasma LC-PUFA composition among White, Black, Hispanic and Chinese participants, and whether such differences contribute to variations in markers of inflammation and endothelial activation in a sub-cohort of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). SUBJECTS/METHODS Plasma phospholipid LC-PUFAs levels (%) were determined in 2848 MESA participants using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. Enzyme immunoassays determined inflammatory markers levels for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (n=2848), interleukin-6 (n=2796), soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor type 1 (n=998), and endothelial activation markers soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (n=1192) and soluble E-selectin (n=998). The modifying influence of ethnicity was tested by linear regression analysis. RESULTS Chinese adults were found to have the highest mean levels of plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 1.24%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 4.95%), and the lowest mean levels of γ-linolenic (0.10%), dihomo-γ-linolenic (DGLA, 2.96%) and arachidonic (10.72%) acids compared with the other ethnicities (all P ≤ 0.01). In contrast, Hispanics had the lowest mean levels of plasma EPA (0.70%) and DHA (3.49%), and the highest levels of DGLA (3.59%; all P ≤ 0.01). Significant differences in EPA and DHA among ethnicities were attenuated following adjustment for dietary non-fried fish and fish oil supplementation. Ethnicity did not modify the associations of LC-PUFAs with markers of inflammation or endothelial activation (all P (interaction)>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The absence of a modifying effect of ethnicity indicates that the putative benefits of LC-PUFAs with respect to inflammation are pan-ethnic. Future longitudinal studies may elucidate the origin(s) of ethnicity-based differences in LC-PUFA composition and whether certain patterns, that is, high plasma levels of DGLA and low levels of EPA/DHA, contribute to inflammation-associated health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Steffen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0392, USA
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Gutiérrez OM, Katz R, Peralta CA, de Boer IH, Siscovick D, Wolf M, Diez Roux A, Kestenbaum B, Nettleton JA, Ix JH. Associations of socioeconomic status and processed food intake with serum phosphorus concentration in community-living adults: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Ren Nutr 2012; 22:480-9. [PMID: 22217539 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher serum phosphorus concentrations are associated with cardiovascular disease events and mortality. Low socioeconomic status is linked with higher serum phosphorus concentration, but the reasons are unclear. Poor individuals disproportionately consume inexpensive processed foods commonly enriched with phosphorus-based food preservatives. Accordingly, we hypothesized that excess intake of these foods accounts for a relationship between lower socioeconomic status and higher serum phosphorus concentration. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We examined a random cohort of 2,664 participants with available phosphorus measurements in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a community-based sample of individuals free of clinically apparent cardiovascular disease from across the United States. PREDICTOR VARIABLES Socioeconomic status, the intake of foods commonly enriched with phosphorus-based food additives (processed meats, sodas), and frequency of fast-food consumption. OUTCOMES Fasting morning serum phosphorus concentrations. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, lower income and lower educational achievement categories were associated with modestly higher serum phosphorus concentration (by 0.02 to 0.10 mg/dL, P < .05 for all). These associations were attenuated in models adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, almost entirely due to adjustment for female gender. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, there were no statistically significant associations of processed meat intake or frequency of fast-food consumption with serum phosphorus. In contrast, each serving per day higher soda intake was associated with 0.02 mg/dL lower serum phosphorus concentration (95% confidence interval, -0.04, -0.01). CONCLUSIONS Greater intake of foods commonly enriched with phosphorus additives was not associated with higher serum phosphorus concentration in a community-living sample with largely preserved kidney function. These results suggest that excess intake of processed and fast foods may not impact fasting serum phosphorus concentrations among individuals without kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando M Gutiérrez
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0006, USA.
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Jiang R, Jacobs DR, He K, Hoffman E, Hankinson J, Nettleton JA, Barr RG. Associations of dairy intake with CT lung density and lung function. J Am Coll Nutr 2011; 29:494-502. [PMID: 21504976 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dairy products contain vitamin D and other nutrients that may be beneficial for lung function, but they are also high in fats that may have mixed effects on lung function. However, the overall associations of dairy intake with lung density and lung function have not been studied. METHODS We examined the cross-sectional relationships between dairy intake and computed tomography (CT) lung density and lung function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Total, low-fat, and high-fat dairy intakes were quantified from food frequency questionnaire responses of men and women who were ages 45-84 years and free of clinical cardiovascular disease. The MESA-Lung Study assessed CT lung density from cardiac CT imaging and prebronchodilator spirometry among 3965 MESA participants. RESULTS Total dairy intake was inversely associated with apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema and positively associated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (the multivariate-adjusted mean difference between the highest and lowest quintiles of total dairy intake was -0.92 [p for trend = 0.04] for apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema and 72.0 mL [p = 0.01] for FVC). Greater low-fat dairy intake was associated with higher alpha (higher alpha values indicate less emphysema) and lower apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema (corresponding differences in alpha and apical-basilar difference in percent emphysema were 0.04 [p = 0.02] and -0.98 [p = 0.01] for low-fat dairy intake, respectively). High-fat dairy intake was not associated with lung density measures. Greater low- or high-fat dairy intake was not associated with higher forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC. CONCLUSIONS Higher low-fat dairy intake but not high-fat dairy intake was associated with moderately improved CT lung density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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Kanoni S, Nettleton JA, Hivert MF, Ye Z, van Rooij FJ, Shungin D, Sonestedt E, Ngwa JS, Wojczynski MK, Lemaitre RN, Gustafsson S, Anderson JS, Tanaka T, Hindy G, Saylor G, Renstrom F, Bennett AJ, van Duijn CM, Florez JC, Fox CS, Hofman A, Hoogeveen RC, Houston DK, Hu FB, Jacques PF, Johansson I, Lind L, Liu Y, McKeown N, Ordovas J, Pankow JS, Sijbrands EJ, Syvänen AC, Uitterlinden AG, Yannakoulia M, Zillikens MC, Wareham NJ, Prokopenko I, Bandinelli S, Forouhi NG, Cupples LA, Loos RJ, Hallmans G, Dupuis J, Langenberg C, Ferrucci L, Kritchevsky SB, McCarthy MI, Ingelsson E, Borecki IB, Witteman JC, Orho-Melander M, Siscovick DS, Meigs JB, Franks PW, Dedoussis GV. Total zinc intake may modify the glucose-raising effect of a zinc transporter (SLC30A8) variant: a 14-cohort meta-analysis. Diabetes 2011; 60:2407-16. [PMID: 21810599 PMCID: PMC3161318 DOI: 10.2337/db11-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many genetic variants have been associated with glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in genome-wide association studies. Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is important for β-cell function and glucose homeostasis. We tested the hypothesis that zinc intake could influence the glucose-raising effect of specific variants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a 14-cohort meta-analysis to assess the interaction of 20 genetic variants known to be related to glycemic traits and zinc metabolism with dietary zinc intake (food sources) and a 5-cohort meta-analysis to assess the interaction with total zinc intake (food sources and supplements) on fasting glucose levels among individuals of European ancestry without diabetes. RESULTS We observed a significant association of total zinc intake with lower fasting glucose levels (β-coefficient ± SE per 1 mg/day of zinc intake: -0.0012 ± 0.0003 mmol/L, summary P value = 0.0003), while the association of dietary zinc intake was not significant. We identified a nominally significant interaction between total zinc intake and the SLC30A8 rs11558471 variant on fasting glucose levels (β-coefficient ± SE per A allele for 1 mg/day of greater total zinc intake: -0.0017 ± 0.0006 mmol/L, summary interaction P value = 0.005); this result suggests a stronger inverse association between total zinc intake and fasting glucose in individuals carrying the glucose-raising A allele compared with individuals who do not carry it. None of the other interaction tests were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that higher total zinc intake may attenuate the glucose-raising effect of the rs11558471 SLC30A8 (zinc transporter) variant. Our findings also support evidence for the association of higher total zinc intake with lower fasting glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Kanoni
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, U.K
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Zheng Ye
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Frank J.A. van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Julius S. Ngwa
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary K. Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George Hindy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Georgia Saylor
- Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Frida Renstrom
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda J. Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Diabetes Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ron C. Hoogeveen
- Section of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Methodist DeBakey Heart Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Denise K. Houston
- Sticht Center on Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul F. Jacques
- Nutrition Epidemiology Program, U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (USDA HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Nicola McKeown
- Nutrition Epidemiology Program, U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (USDA HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jose Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James S. Pankow
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Eric J.G. Sijbrands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nick J. Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Nita G. Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Ruth J. Loos
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Goran Hallmans
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jacqueline C.M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative–Sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - David S. Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - James B. Meigs
- General Medicine Division, Clinical Epidemiology Unit and Diabetes Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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de Oliveira Otto MCC, Alonso A, Lee DH, Delclos GL, Jenny NS, Jiang R, Lima JA, Symanski E, Jacobs DR, Nettleton JA. Dietary micronutrient intakes are associated with markers of inflammation but not with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. J Nutr 2011; 141:1508-15. [PMID: 21653577 PMCID: PMC3138642 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.138115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined associations of dietary micronutrients with markers of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis. The present study investigated associations of heme iron, nonheme iron, zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E with C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, total homocysteine (tHcy), fibrinogen, coronary artery calcium, and common and internal carotid artery intima media thickness. Micronutrient intakes and markers of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis were studied in 5,181 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who were aged 45-84 y and free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Models were adjusted for energy intake, demographics, lifestyle characteristics, and BMI. Dietary nonheme iron and Mg intakes were inversely associated with tHcy concentrations (mean tHcy: 9.11, 8.86, 8.74, 8.71, and 8.50 μmol/L, and 9.20, 9.00, 8.65, 8.76, and 8.33 μmol/L across increasing quintiles of nonheme iron and Mg, respectively; P-trend < 0.001 for both). However, dietary Zn and heme iron were positively associated with CRP [mean: 1.73, 1.75, 1.78, 1.88, and 1.96 mg/L across increasing quintiles of Zn and 1.72, 1.76, 1.83, 1.86, and 1.94 mg/L across increasing quintiles of heme iron (P-trend = 0.002 and 0.01, respectively). Other tested micronutrient-marker associations were not significant. In conclusion, of the 49 tested associations, only 7 were significant. Although this study does not provide strong support for associations between the micronutrients and markers of inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis, the results are consistent with dietary guidelines that advocate for a balanced diet that includes a variety of plant foods containing Mg, Zn, and nonheme iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C. C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Kyungpook National University, Seoul 0 700-422, South Korea
| | - George L. Delclos
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Nancy S. Jenny
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05446
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Joao A. Lima
- Department of Cardiology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454
| | - Jennifer A. Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Lemaitre RN, Tanaka T, Tang W, Manichaikul A, Foy M, Kabagambe EK, Nettleton JA, King IB, Weng LC, Bhattacharya S, Bandinelli S, Bis JC, Rich SS, Jacobs DR, Cherubini A, McKnight B, Liang S, Gu X, Rice K, Laurie CC, Lumley T, Browning BL, Psaty BM, Chen YDI, Friedlander Y, Djousse L, Wu JHY, Siscovick DS, Uitterlinden AG, Arnett DK, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Tsai MY, Mozaffarian D, Steffen LM. Genetic loci associated with plasma phospholipid n-3 fatty acids: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies from the CHARGE Consortium. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1002193. [PMID: 21829377 PMCID: PMC3145614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can derive from diet or from α-linolenic acid (ALA) by elongation and desaturation. We investigated the association of common genetic variation with plasma phospholipid levels of the four major n-3 PUFAs by performing genome-wide association studies in five population-based cohorts comprising 8,866 subjects of European ancestry. Minor alleles of SNPs in FADS1 and FADS2 (desaturases) were associated with higher levels of ALA (p = 3 x 10⁻⁶⁴) and lower levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, p = 5 x 10⁻⁵⁸) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, p = 4 x 10⁻¹⁵⁴). Minor alleles of SNPs in ELOVL2 (elongase) were associated with higher EPA (p = 2 x 10⁻¹²) and DPA (p = 1 x 10⁻⁴³) and lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, p = 1 x 10⁻¹⁵). In addition to genes in the n-3 pathway, we identified a novel association of DPA with several SNPs in GCKR (glucokinase regulator, p = 1 x 10⁻⁸). We observed a weaker association between ALA and EPA among carriers of the minor allele of a representative SNP in FADS2 (rs1535), suggesting a lower rate of ALA-to-EPA conversion in these subjects. In samples of African, Chinese, and Hispanic ancestry, associations of n-3 PUFAs were similar with a representative SNP in FADS1 but less consistent with a representative SNP in ELOVL2. Our findings show that common variation in n-3 metabolic pathway genes and in GCKR influences plasma phospholipid levels of n-3 PUFAs in populations of European ancestry and, for FADS1, in other ancestries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
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Kim C, Diez-Roux AV, Nettleton JA, Polak JF, Post WS, Siscovick DS, Watson KE, Vahratian AM. Sex differences in subclinical atherosclerosis by race/ethnicity in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 174:165-72. [PMID: 21685409 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in cardiovascular disease mortality are more pronounced among non-Hispanic whites than other racial/ethnic groups, but it is unknown whether this variation is present in the earlier subclinical stages of disease. The authors examined racial/ethnic variation in sex differences in coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid intimal media thickness at baseline in 2000-2002 among participants (n = 6,726) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis using binomial and linear regression. Models adjusted for risk factors in several stages: age, traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, behavioral risk factors, psychosocial factors, and adult socioeconomic position. Women had a lower prevalence of any CAC and smaller amounts of CAC when present than men in all racial/ethnic groups. Sex differences in the prevalence of CAC were more pronounced in non-Hispanic whites than in African Americans and Chinese Americans after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, and further adjustment for behavioral factors, psychosocial factors, and socioeconomic position did not modify these results (for race/sex, P(interaction) = 0.047). Similar patterns were observed for amount of CAC among adults with CAC. Racial/ethnic variation in sex differences for carotid intimal media thickness was less pronounced. In conclusion, coronary artery calcification is differentially patterned by sex across racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
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Folsom AR, Yatsuya H, Nettleton JA, Lutsey PL, Cushman M, Rosamond WD. Community prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, by the American Heart Association definition, and relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:1690-6. [PMID: 21492767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health and its relationship with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). BACKGROUND An American Heart Association committee recently set a goal to improve the cardiovascular health of Americans by 20% by 2020. The committee developed definitions of "ideal," "intermediate," and "poor" cardiovascular health for adults and children based on 7 CVD risk factors or health behaviors. METHODS We used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort, age 45 to 64 years, to estimate the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in 1987 to 1989 and the corresponding incidence rates of CVD. Incident CVD comprised stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and fatal coronary disease. RESULTS Among 12,744 participants initially free of CVD, only 0.1% had ideal cardiovascular health, 17.4% had intermediate cardiovascular health, and 82.5% had poor cardiovascular health. CVD incidence rates through 2007 showed a graded relationship with the ideal, intermediate, and poor categories and with the number of ideal health metrics present: rates were one-tenth as high in those with 6 ideal health metrics (3.9 per 1,000 person-years) compared with zero ideal health metrics (37.1 per 1,000 person-years). CONCLUSIONS In this community-based sample, few adults in 1987 to 1989 had ideal cardiovascular health by the new American Heart Association definition. Those who had the best levels of cardiovascular health nevertheless experienced relatively few events. Clearly, to achieve the American Heart Association goal of improving cardiovascular health by 20% by 2020, we will need to redouble nationwide primordial prevention efforts at the population and individual levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
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Nettleton JA, McKeown NM, Kanoni S, Lemaitre RN, Hivert MF, Ngwa J, van Rooij FJA, Sonestedt E, Wojczynski MK, Ye Z, Tanaka T, Garcia M, Anderson JS, Follis JL, Djousse L, Mukamal K, Papoutsakis C, Mozaffarian D, Zillikens MC, Bandinelli S, Bennett AJ, Borecki IB, Feitosa MF, Ferrucci L, Forouhi NG, Groves CJ, Hallmans G, Harris T, Hofman A, Houston DK, Hu FB, Johansson I, Kritchevsky SB, Langenberg C, Launer L, Liu Y, Loos RJ, Nalls M, Orho-Melander M, Renstrom F, Rice K, Riserus U, Rolandsson O, Rotter JI, Saylor G, Sijbrands EJG, Sjogren P, Smith A, Steingrímsdóttir L, Uitterlinden AG, Wareham NJ, Prokopenko I, Pankow JS, van Duijn CM, Florez JC, Witteman JCM, Dupuis J, Dedoussis GV, Ordovas JM, Ingelsson E, Cupples LA, Siscovick DS, Franks PW, Meigs JB. Interactions of dietary whole-grain intake with fasting glucose- and insulin-related genetic loci in individuals of European descent: a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:2684-91. [PMID: 20693352 PMCID: PMC2992213 DOI: 10.2337/dc10-1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whole-grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes risk. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in individuals free of diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that whole-grain food intake and genetic variation interact to influence concentrations of fasting glucose and insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Via meta-analysis of data from 14 cohorts comprising ∼ 48,000 participants of European descent, we studied interactions of whole-grain intake with loci previously associated in GWAS with fasting glucose (16 loci) and/or insulin (2 loci) concentrations. For tests of interaction, we considered a P value <0.0028 (0.05 of 18 tests) as statistically significant. RESULTS Greater whole-grain food intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations independent of demographics, other dietary and lifestyle factors, and BMI (β [95% CI] per 1-serving-greater whole-grain intake: -0.009 mmol/l glucose [-0.013 to -0.005], P < 0.0001 and -0.011 pmol/l [ln] insulin [-0.015 to -0.007], P = 0.0003). No interactions met our multiple testing-adjusted statistical significance threshold. The strongest SNP interaction with whole-grain intake was rs780094 (GCKR) for fasting insulin (P = 0.006), where greater whole-grain intake was associated with a smaller reduction in fasting insulin concentrations in those with the insulin-raising allele. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the favorable association of whole-grain intake with fasting glucose and insulin and suggest a potential interaction between variation in GCKR and whole-grain intake in influencing fasting insulin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Nettleton
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Anderson JS, Nettleton JA, Herrington DM, Johnson WC, Tsai MY, Siscovick D. Relation of omega-3 fatty acid and dietary fish intake with brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92:1204-13. [PMID: 20826628 PMCID: PMC2954452 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relation between dietary fish intake and brachial artery measures, including brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), has not been well established across sex and racial-ethnic groups. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that consumption of nonfried fish and plasma phospholipid measures of long-chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids would be positively associated with larger FMD in men and women across racial-ethnic groups. DESIGN We investigated cross-sectional associations of brachial artery measures with fish intake (ascertained with a food-frequency questionnaire) and plasma phospholipid omega-3 concentrations in 3045 adults, aged 45-84 y, who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease. RESULTS In overall multivariate-adjusted analyses, there were no significant associations between fish intake or any brachial artery measures. However, when stratified by sex, there was an association between the highest quartile of nonfried fish consumption and a 0.10-mm lower (1 SD) brachial artery diameter in men (P = 0.01) and a 0.27% smaller FMD in women (P = 0.02) compared with the lowest quartile of nonfried fish intake in each respective sex strata. When stratified by race-ethnicity and race-ethnicity by sex, additional heterogeneity was noted, but results were difficult to interpret because of small sample sizes. Plasma phospholipid omega-3 concentrations showed a similar directionality of association with brachial artery measures observed for nonfried fish consumption, although statistical significance was not achieved in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the association between nonfried fish intake and baseline brachial artery size varies by sex, with suggestive evidence of sex differences in the association between nonfried fish intake and FMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Anderson
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27127, USA.
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Franks PW, Nettleton JA. Invited commentary: Gene X lifestyle interactions and complex disease traits--inferring cause and effect from observational data, sine qua non. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 172:992-7; discussion 998-9. [PMID: 20847104 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational epidemiology has made outstanding contributions to the discovery and elucidation of relations between lifestyle factors and common complex diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Recent major advances in the understanding of the human genetics of this disease have inspired studies that seek to determine whether the risk conveyed by bona fide risk loci might be modified by lifestyle factors such as diet composition and physical activity levels. A major challenge is to determine which of the reported findings are likely to represent causal interactions and which might be explained by other factors. The authors of this commentary use the Bradford-Hill criteria, a set of tried-and-tested guidelines for causal inference, to evaluate the findings of a recent study on interaction between variation at the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) locus and total energy intake with respect to prevalent metabolic syndrome and hemoglobin A₁(c) levels in a cohort of 313 Japanese men. The current authors conclude that the study, while useful for hypothesis generation, does not provide overwhelming evidence of causal interactions. They overview ways in which future studies of gene × lifestyle interactions might overcome the limitations that motivated this conclusion.
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