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Hua T, Fan R, Fan Y, Chen F. Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2357424. [PMID: 38785118 PMCID: PMC11135846 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2357424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid cancer patients, compared to their healthy counterparts, are at a greater risk of contracting and suffering from severe complications and poorer prognosis after COVID-19 infections. They also have different immune responses after doses of COVID-19 vaccination, but limited evidence is available to reveal the effectiveness and help to guide immunization programs for this subpopulation; MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and clinicaltrials.gov were used to search literature. The pooled seroconversion rate was calculated using a random-effects model and reported with a 95% confidence interval (CI); The review includes 66 studies containing serological responses after COVID-19 vaccination in 13,050 solid cancer patients and 8550 healthy controls. The pooled seropositive rates after the first dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 55.2% (95% CI 45.9%-64.5% N = 18) and 90.2% (95% CI 80.9%-96.6% N = 13), respectively. The seropositive rates after the second dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 87.6% (95% CI 84.1%-90.7% N = 50) and 98.9% (95% CI 97.6%-99.7% N = 35), respectively. The seropositive rates after the third dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 91.4% (95% CI 85.4%-95.9% N = 21) and 99.8% (95% CI 98.1%-100.0% N = 4), respectively. Subgroup analysis finds that study sample size, timing of antibody testing, and vaccine type have influence on the results; Seroconversion rates after COVID-19 vaccination are significantly lower in patients with solid malignancies, especially after the first dose, then shrinking gradually after the following two vaccinations, indicating that subsequent doses or a booster dose should be considered for the effectiveness of this subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru Fan
- Medical Statistics and Analysis Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yu L, Xu C, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Hu Z, Li L, Li Y, Tian J, Xu M. Top 100 cited research on COVID-19 vaccines: A bibliometric analysis and evidence mapping. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2370605. [PMID: 38977415 PMCID: PMC11232646 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2370605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 has seriously affected the whole society, and vaccines were the most effective means to contain the epidemic. This paper aims to determine the top 100 articles cited most frequently in COVID-19 vaccines and to analyze the research status and hot spots in this field through bibliometrics, to provide a reference for future research. We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection database on November 29, 2023, and identified the top 100 articles by ranking them from highest to lowest citation frequency. In addition, we analyzed the year of publication, citation, author, country, institution, journal, and keywords with Microsoft Excel 2019 and VOSviewer 1.6.18. Research focused on vaccine immunogenicity and safety, vaccine hesitancy, and vaccination intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yu
- Child Rehabilitation Department, Gansu Rehabilitation Center Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Caihua Xu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongjia Zhou
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiruo Hu
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingli Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Mahrokhian SH, Tostanoski LH, Vidal SJ, Barouch DH. COVID-19 vaccines: Immune correlates and clinical outcomes. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2324549. [PMID: 38517241 PMCID: PMC10962618 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2324549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe disease due to COVID-19 has declined dramatically as a result of widespread vaccination and natural immunity in the population. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses, the efficacy of the original vaccines has waned and has required vaccine updating and boosting. Nevertheless, hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19 have remained low. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of immune responses that contribute to population immunity and the mechanisms how vaccines attenuate COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shant H. Mahrokhian
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa H. Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel J. Vidal
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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4
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Ouyang L, Lei G, Gong Y. Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326316. [PMID: 38466197 PMCID: PMC10936597 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included. The pooled seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis following complete COVID-19 vaccination was 92.4% (95% CI, 86.2%-96%, I2 = 90%) with significant between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination elicited a higher humoral immune response in patients of compensated cirrhosis as compared with decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 1.069, 95% CI, 1.011-1.131, I2 = 17%, p = .019). Additionally, 10 studies were included for comparison analysis of seroconversion rate between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis was slightly lower compared with healthy controls (RR = 0.972, 95% CI, 0.955-0.989, I2 = 66%, p = .001). Meanwhile, the pooled RR of cellular immune response rate for cirrhosis patients vs. healthy controls was 0.678 (95% CI, 0.563-0.817, I2 = 0, p < .0001). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that COVID-19 vaccination elicited diminished humoral and cellular immune responses in patients of cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis particularly decompensated cirrhosis who have completed full-doses of COVID-19 vaccination should receive continuous attention and preemptive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Ouyang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Department of Obstetric, Centre Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeli Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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Shi R, Liu X, Wang Y, Pan M, Wang S, Shi L, Ni B. Long-term stability and immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is affected by particle size. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2342592. [PMID: 38714327 PMCID: PMC11085994 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2342592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology has been rapidly applied for the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, naked mRNA itself is inherently unstable. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) protect mRNAs from extracellular ribonucleases and facilitate mRNA trafficking. For mRNA vaccines, antigen-presenting cells utilize LNPs through uptake to elicit antigen-specific immunity. There are reports on the impact of various physical characteristics of LNPs, particularly those with sizes less than 200 nm, especially 50 to 150 nm, on the overall stability and protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines. To address this, a single change in the size of LNPs using the same mRNA stock solution was assessed for the physicochemical characterization of the resulting mRNA-LNPs vaccine, along with the evaluation of their protective efficacy. Particles of smaller sizes generally disperse more effectively in solutions, with minimized occurrence of particle precipitation and aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that the vaccine containing 80-100 nm mRNA-LNPs showed the best stability and protection at 4°C and -20°C. Furthermore, we can conclude that freezing the vaccine at -20°C is more appropriate for maintaining stability over the long term. This effort is poised to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of ongoing mRNA vaccine endeavors and providing information on the development of novel products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Meilu Pan
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shaoqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lin Shi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Beibei Ni
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Peng J, Wen X, Zhang Y, Li K, Du H, Hu X. Decoding trends in mRNA vaccine research: A comprehensive bibliometric study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2355037. [PMID: 38813652 PMCID: PMC11141478 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2355037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, infectious diseases like COVID-19 have had profound global socio-economic impacts. mRNA vaccines have gained prominence due to their rapid development, industrial adaptability, simplicity, and responsiveness to new variants. Notably, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized significant contributions to mRNA vaccine research. METHODS Our study employed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, encompassing 5,512 papers on mRNA vaccines from 2003 to 2023. We generated cooperation maps, co-citation analyses, and keyword clustering to evaluate the field's developmental history and achievements. RESULTS The analysis yielded knowledge maps highlighting countries/institutions, influential authors, frequently published and highly cited journals, and seminal references. Ongoing research hotspots encompass immune responses, stability enhancement, applications in cancer prevention and treatment, and combating infectious diseases using mRNA technology. CONCLUSIONS mRNA vaccines represent a transformative development in infectious disease prevention. This study provides insights into the field's growth and identifies key research priorities, facilitating advancements in vaccine technology and addressing future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobin Zhang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianding Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youwen Zhang
- School of Law, City University of Hongkong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Library, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanjian Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Research Center for Glioma Precision Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Cai G, Liu S, Lu Y, Takaki Y, Matsumoto F, Yoshikawa A, Taguri T, Xie J, Arima K, Mizukami S, Wu J, Yamamoto T, Hasegawa M, Tien Huy N, Saito M, Takeuchi S, Morita K, Aoyagi K, He F. Impact of COVID-19 vaccination status on hospitalization and disease severity: A descriptive study in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2322795. [PMID: 38517220 PMCID: PMC10962621 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2322795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was extraordinarily harmful, with high rates of infection and hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination status and other factors on hospitalization and disease severity, using data from Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection with vaccination status were included and the differences in characteristics between different vaccination statuses, hospitalization or not, and patients with varying levels of disease severity were analyzed. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association of various factors with hospitalization and disease severity. From March 14, 2020 to August 31, 2022, 23,139 patients were unvaccinated 13,668 vaccinated the primary program with one or two doses, and 4,575 completed the booster. Vaccination reduced the risk of hospitalization with an odd ratio of 0.759 (95% CI: 0.654-0.881) and the protective effect of completed booster vaccination was more pronounced (OR: 0.261, 95% CI: 0.207-0.328). Similarly, vaccination significantly reduced the risk of disease severity (vaccinated primary program: OR: 0.191, 95% CI: 0.160-0.228; completed booster vaccination: OR: 0.129, 95% CI: 0.099-0.169). Overall, unvaccinated, male, elderly, immunocompromised, obese, and patients with other severe illness factors were all risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalization and disease severity. Vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization and disease severity, and highlighted the benefits of completing booster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxi Cai
- Public Health and Hygiene Research Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environment and Public Health, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shiwen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yixiao Lu
- Department of Systems Biology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumika Takaki
- Public Health and Hygiene Research Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environment and Public Health, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Matsumoto
- Public Health and Hygiene Research Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environment and Public Health, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshikawa
- Public Health and Hygiene Research Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environment and Public Health, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toshitsugu Taguri
- Public Health and Hygiene Research Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Environment and Public Health, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jianfen Xie
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizukami
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jiwen Wu
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Taro Yamamoto
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Maiko Hasegawa
- Infectious Disease Control Office, Health & Welfare Department, Nagasaki Prefectural Government, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaya Saito
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shouhei Takeuchi
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Dejima Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Aoyagi
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Digital Tumor Data Research Center, Fujian Province, China
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Yao R, Xie C, Xia X. Recent progress in mRNA cancer vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2307187. [PMID: 38282471 PMCID: PMC10826636 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2307187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The research and development of messenger RNA (mRNA) cancer vaccines have gradually overcome numerous challenges through the application of personalized cancer antigens, structural optimization of mRNA, and the development of alternative RNA-based vectors and efficient targeted delivery vectors. Clinical trials are currently underway for various cancer vaccines that encode tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), or immunomodulators. In this paper, we summarize the optimization of mRNA and the emergence of RNA-based expression vectors in cancer vaccines. We begin by reviewing the advancement and utilization of state-of-the-art targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), followed by presenting the primary classifications and clinical applications of mRNA cancer vaccines. Collectively, mRNA vaccines are emerging as a central focus in cancer immunotherapy, offering the potential to address multiple challenges in cancer treatment, either as standalone therapies or in combination with current cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Chelly S, Jaziri S, Ammar A, Ezzi O, Douss N, Saffar S, Tritar M, Njah M, Mahjoub M. Safety and efficiency of COVID-19 vaccine in North Africa. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2306703. [PMID: 38304972 PMCID: PMC10841012 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2306703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the absence of a specific treatment for COVID-19, preventive measures have been implemented to control this pandemic and vaccination is one of them. However, it is crucial to verify the safety and efficiency of every vaccine. The aim was to determinate the predictive factors of side effects and reinfection after COVID-19 vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2022 among Tunisians infected with COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2022, using an online self-administered questionnaire. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses using binary stepwise logistic regression. Results A total of 1541 was selected from 1911 individuals. Comorbidities affected a quarter of the population (22.3%). Before the initial infection, 39.3% had received full vaccination, and 8.7% had received partial vaccination. By February 2022, the majority (82.9%) had received at least two vaccine doses. The reinfection rate was 30.6%. All vaccines prior to the first infection was identified as a protective factor against reinfection. Inactivated virus vaccinations were less likely to induce adverse effects. Conclusion ach vaccine has its own set of advantages and disadvantages: mRNA-based vaccines had a higher incidence of side effects but all vaccines provided better protection against reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhir Chelly
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Shayma Jaziri
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Asma Ammar
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Ezzi
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nour Douss
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Saffar
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouen Tritar
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mansour Njah
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Mahjoub
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Infection Prevention and Control Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Rossier LN, Décosterd NP, Matter CB, Staudenmann DA, Moser A, Egger B, Seibold FW. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients is not associated with flares: a retrospective single-centre Swiss study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2295979. [PMID: 38289017 PMCID: PMC10829820 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination hesitancy is an important barrier to vaccination among IBD patients. The development of adverse events is the main concern reported. The purpose of this monocentric study was to assess SARS-CoV-2 vaccination safety in IBD patients by evaluating the postvaccination flare risk and incidence of overall adverse events. METHODS Surveys were handed out on three consecutive months to each patient presenting at the Crohn-Colitis Centre, where they documented their vaccination status and any side effects experienced after vaccination.Dates of flares occurring in 2021 were recorded from their electronic medical records. Baseline and IBD characteristics and flare incidence were compared between the vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and among the vaccinated population before and after their vaccination doses. The characteristics of patients who developed side effects and of those who did not were compared. RESULTS We enrolled 396 IBD patients, of whom 91% were vaccinated. The proportion of patients who experienced flares was statistically not different between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated population (1.8 vs 2.6 flares per 100 person-months (p = 0.28)). Among vaccinated patients, there was no difference across the prevaccination, 1 month post any vaccination, and more than 1 month after any vaccination periods, and between the Spikevax and Cominarty subgroups. Overall, 46% of patients reported vaccination side effects, mostly mild flu-like symptoms. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with mRNA vaccines seems safe, with mostly mild side effects. The IBD flare risk is not increased in the month following any vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Rossier
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Natalie P. Décosterd
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
| | - Christoph B. Matter
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
| | - Dominic A. Staudenmann
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernhard Egger
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Fribourg
| | - Frank W. Seibold
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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11
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Lu J, Tan S, Gu H, Liu K, Huang W, Yu Z, Lu G, Wu Z, Gao X, Zhao J, Yao Z, Yi F, Yang Y, Wang H, Hu X, Lu M, Li W, Zhou H, Yu H, Shan C, Lin J. Effectiveness of a broad-spectrum bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in preclinical studies. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2321994. [PMID: 38377136 PMCID: PMC10906132 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2321994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines utilizing modified messenger RNA (mRNA) technology have shown robust protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in humans. As the virus continues to evolve in both human and non-human hosts, risk remains that the performance of the vaccines can be compromised by new variants with strong immune escape abilities. Here we present preclinical characterizations of a novel bivalent mRNA vaccine RQ3025 for its safety and effectiveness in animal models. The mRNA sequence of the vaccine is designed to incorporate common mutations on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that have been discovered along the evolutionary paths of different variants. Broad-spectrum, high-titer neutralizing antibodies against multiple variants were induced in mice (BALB/c and K18-hACE2), hamsters and rats upon injections of RQ3025, demonstrating advantages over the monovalent mRNA vaccines. Effectiveness in protection against several newly emerged variants is also evident in RQ3025-vaccinated rats. Analysis of splenocytes derived cytokines in BALB/c mice suggested that a Th1-biased cellular immune response was induced by RQ3025. Histological analysis of multiple organs in rats following injection of a high dose of RQ3025 showed no evidence of pathological changes. This study proves the safety and effectiveness of RQ3025 as a broad-spectrum vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models and lays the foundation for its potential clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shudan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Gu
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoli Yu
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongting Yao
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Yi
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Wang
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Hu
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Yu
- Shanghai RNACure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for mRNA Translational Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Shin K, Suh HW, Suberi A, Whang CH, Ene M, Grundler J, Grun MK, Saltzman WM. Branching in poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes impacts mRNA transfection. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122692. [PMID: 38986360 PMCID: PMC11298310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Branching is a key structural parameter of polymers, which can have profound impacts on physicochemical properties. It has been demonstrated that branching is a modulating factor for mRNA delivery and transfection using delivery vehicles built from cationic polymers, but the influence of polymer branching on mRNA delivery remains relatively underexplored compared to other polymer features such as monomer composition, hydrophobicity, pKa, or the type of terminal group. In this study, we examined the impact of branching on the physicochemical properties of poly(amine-co-esters) (PACE) and their efficiency in mRNA transfection in vivo and in vitro under various conditions. PACE polymers were synthesized with various degrees of branching ranging from 0 to 0.66, and their transfection efficiency was systemically evaluated. We observed that branching improves the stability of polyplexes but reduces the pH buffering capacity. Therefore, the degree of branching (DB) must be optimized in a delivery route specific manner due to differences in challenges faced by polyplexes in different physiological compartments. Through a systematic analysis of physicochemical properties and mRNA transfection in vivo and in vitro, this study highlights the influence of polymer branching on nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Won Suh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Alexandra Suberi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Madalina Ene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Julian Grundler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Molly K Grun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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13
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Xu Y, Kong X, Huang W, Liang Z, Huang J, Li Y, Zhang N, Liu D, Guo W, Mei J. Efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with asymptomatic or mild illness during the Omicron epidemic in Guangzhou: a multi-centre retrospective cohort study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2307504. [PMID: 38465636 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2307504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the widespread administration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, the impact on patients with asymptomatic to mild illness remains unclear. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy of various vaccine doses and types on the duration of isolation duration and discharge rates, the viral shedding duration, and negative rates in asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 patients. METHODS We included adult patients at the Fangcang isolation centres in Pazhou or Yongning between November and December 2022. We analysed data on basic demographics, admission details, laboratory indicators and vaccination information. RESULTS A total of 6560 infected patients were included (3584 from Pazhou and 2976 from Yongning). Of these, 90.6% received inactivated vaccines, 3.66% received recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit vaccines and 0.91% received adenovirus vaccines. Among the 6173 vaccinated individuals, 71.9% received a booster dose. By day 9, the isolation rate reached 50% among vaccinated patients. On day 7.5, the positive rate among vaccinated individuals reached 50%. CONCLUSIONS Full vaccination was effective, with heterologous vaccines showing greater efficacy than inactivated vaccines alone. However, there was no significant difference in the vaccine protective effect 12 months after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanda Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zijing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jinkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Nuofu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wenwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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14
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Neely SR, Witkowski K. Belief in misinformation and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine boosters: A survey analysis. PEC INNOVATION 2024; 4:100261. [PMID: 38357380 PMCID: PMC10865392 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study examines the impact of misinformation belief on the willingness of American adults to receive ongoing COVID-19 vaccine boosters. Methods A representative survey of 600 adults in the state of Florida was fielded in August of 2023. For this study, responses were analyzed for the 443 previously vaccinated respondents in that sample using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results Among previously vaccinated individuals, belief in misinformation remained relatively high. 49% of respondents believe that COVID-19 vaccines contain a live strain of the virus, and roughly 40% believe that vaccines can cause you to "get sick" with COVID-19. Belief in misinformation was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the likelihood of receiving ongoing vaccine boosters, ceteris paribus. Conclusion While confidence in public health guidelines is the most compelling determinant of vaccine acceptance, misinformation continues to undermine vaccination efforts. Addressing common myths about COVID-19 vaccines may help to improve booster shot acceptance among previously vaccinated Americans. Innovation Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals and public health agencies have been forced to innovate in real-time, as digital platforms have fueled the spread of viral misinformation. This study aims to inform these efforts by exploring and deepening our understanding of the impact that belief in misinformation has on vaccination behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R. Neely
- School of Public Affairs, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Kaila Witkowski
- School of Public Administrtion, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, SO 202, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
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15
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Zhou C, Qiu Y, Wang J, Zhong X, Zhu X, Huang X, Yang L, Ji Q, Zhou F, Wu S, Yang M, Zhang J, Liu K, Ji L, Yang H, Li C, Zhao Y. The safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of heterologous boosting with a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (SYS6006) in Chinese participants aged 18 years or more: a randomized, open-label, active-controlled phase 3 trial. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2320913. [PMID: 38860446 PMCID: PMC10906127 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2320913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Continuous emergence of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), enhanced transmissibility, significant immune escape, and waning immunity call for booster vaccination. We evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of heterologous booster with a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine SYS6006 versus an active control vaccine in a randomized, open-label, active-controlled phase 3 trial in healthy adults aged 18 years or more who had received two or three doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine in China. The trial started in December 2022 and lasted for 6 months. The participants were randomized (overall ratio: 3:1) to receive one dose of SYS6006 (N = 2999) or an ancestral receptor binding region-based, alum-adjuvanted recombinant protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (N = 1000), including 520 participants in an immunogenicity subgroup. SYS6006 boosting showed good safety profiles with most AEs being grade 1 or 2, and induced robust wild-type and Omicron BA.5 neutralizing antibody response on Days 14 and 28, demonstrating immunogenicity superiority versus the control vaccine and meeting the primary objective. The relative vaccine efficacy against COVID-19 of any severity was 51.6% (95% CI, 35.5-63.7) for any variant, 66.8% (48.6-78.5) for BA.5, and 37.7% (2.4-60.3) for XBB, from Day 7 through Month 6. In the vaccinated and infected hybrid immune participants, the relative vaccine efficacy was 68.4% (31.1-85.5) against COVID-19 of any severity caused by a second infection. All COVID-19 cases were mild. SYS6006 heterologous boosting demonstrated good safety, superior immunogenicity and high efficacy against BA.5-associated COVID-19, and protected against XBB-associated COVID-19, particularly in the hybrid immune population.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200066941.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/virology
- Adult
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- Female
- Male
- Immunization, Secondary
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- China
- Middle Aged
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- mRNA Vaccines
- Young Adult
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects
- Adolescent
- Vaccine Efficacy
- Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
- Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Inactivated/adverse effects
- East Asian People
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- The Technology Innovation Center for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Pharmacy of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- The Technology Innovation Center for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Pharmacy of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaolei Ji
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunquan Wu
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaili Liu
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ji
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Li
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Bayraktutan H, Symonds P, Brentville VA, Moloney C, Galley C, Bennett CL, Mata A, Durrant L, Alexander C, Gurnani P. Sparsely PEGylated poly(beta-amino ester) polyplexes enhance antigen specific T-cell response of a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122647. [PMID: 38878479 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
DNA technology has emerged as a promising route to accelerated manufacture of sequence agnostic vaccines. For activity, DNA vaccines must be protected and delivered to the correct antigen presenting cells. However, the physicochemical properties of the vector must be carefully tuned to enhance interaction with immune cells and generate sufficient immune response for disease protection. In this study, we have engineered a range of polymer-based nanocarriers based on the poly(beta-amino ester) (PBAE) polycation platform to investigate the role that surface poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) density has on pDNA encapsulation, formulation properties and gene transfectability both in vitro and in vivo. We achieved this by synthesising a non-PEGylated and PEGylated PBAE and produced formulations containing these PBAEs, and mixed polyplexes to tune surface PEG density. All polymers and co-formulations produced small polyplex nanoparticles with almost complete encapsulation of the cargo in all cases. Despite high gene transfection in HEK293T cells, only the fully PEGylated and mixed formulations displayed significantly higher expression of the reporter gene than the negative control in dendritic cells. Further in vivo studies with a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 pDNA vaccine revealed that only the mixed formulation led to strong antigen specific T-cell responses, however this did not translate into the presence of serum antibodies indicating the need for further studies into improving immunisation with polymer delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Bayraktutan
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Peter Symonds
- Scancell Ltd, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Victoria A Brentville
- Scancell Ltd, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cara Moloney
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Charlotte Galley
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Clare L Bennett
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Alvaro Mata
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lindy Durrant
- Scancell Ltd, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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17
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Reitemeier J, Metro J, Bohn PW. Detection of aldehydes from degradation of lipid nanoparticle formulations using a hierarchically-organized nanopore electrochemical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116457. [PMID: 38850733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Degradation of ionizable lipids in mRNA-based vaccines was recently found to deactivate the payload, demanding rigorous monitoring of impurities in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations. However, parallel screening for lipid degradation in customized delivery systems for next-generation therapeutics maintains a challenging and unsolved problem. Here, we describe a nanopore electrochemical sensor to detect ppb-levels of aldehydes arising from lipid degradation in LNP formulations that can be deployed in massively parallel fashion. Specifically, we combine nanopore electrodes with a block copolymer (BCP) membrane capable of hydrophobic gating of analyte transport between the bulk solution and the nanopore volume. By incorporating aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), enzymatic oxidation of aldehydes generates NADH to enable ultrasensitive voltammetric detection with limits-of-detection (LOD) down to 1.2 ppb. Sensor utility was demonstrated by detecting degradation of N-oxidized SM-102, the ionizable lipid in Moderna's SpikeVax™ vaccine, in mRNA-1273 LNP formulation. This work should be of significant use in the pharmaceutical industry, paving the way for automated on-line quality assessments of next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Reitemeier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Jarek Metro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
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18
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Sharifi P, Rezaeimanesh N, Moradi A, Moghadasi AN. Effects of vaccination on COVID-19 infection symptoms in multiple sclerosis patients. eNeurologicalSci 2024; 36:100511. [PMID: 38989276 PMCID: PMC11231562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2024.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at higher risk of having infections due to receiving disease modifying therapies. The current study was conducted among Iranian MS patients who had experienced at least one episode of COVID-19 infection in order to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on symptoms of their infection. Data on demographic information, MS characteristics, COVID-19 infection details, and vaccination status were collected. Statistical analyses, were performed to evaluate the association between vaccination and symptoms of COVID-19 infection. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on confirmed MS patients. Demographic data and COVID-19 related symptoms were gathered via an online questionnaire. Confirmation of patients' who declared to be vaccinated was checked by their COVID-19 vaccination card. Results A total of 236 MS patients participated in the study. The majority were female (79.7%), with a mean age of 36.1 ± 7.9 years. Among the participants, 72.5% had received the COVID-19 vaccine before their first episode of COVID-19 infection. The analysis showed a significant difference in the incidence of respiratory symptoms (P-value: 0.01) and headache (P-value: 0.04) between vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. Logistic regression analysis revealed that vaccinated MS patients had lower odds of developing respiratory symptoms (OR:0.29, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.53, P-value<0.001) or headache (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.98, P-value: 0.04) during their next COVID-19 infection episode. Moreover, MS patients who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs were less likely to have respiratory symptoms (OR:0.35, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.77, P-value:0.009) but not headache (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.60, P-value: 0.39). Conclusion COVID-19 vaccination can reduce the incidence of respiratory symptoms and headaches in MS patients during COVID-19 infection episodes. Additionally, patients who are receiving immunosuppressive drugs may benefit from COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sharifi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Rezaeimanesh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Moradi
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Zheng K, Chong AY, Mentzer AJ. How could our genetics impact COVID-19 vaccine response? Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:1027-1039. [PMID: 38676712 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2346584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has posed unprecedented global health challenges since its emergence in December 2019. The rapid availability of vaccines has been estimated to save millions of lives, but there is variation in how individuals respond to vaccines, influencing their effectiveness at an individual, and population level. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on human genetic factors influencing the immune response and effectiveness of vaccines, highlighting the importance of associations across the HLA locus. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and other genetic association analyses have identified statistically significant associations between specific HLA alleles including HLA-DRB1*13, DBQ1*06, and A*03 impacting antibody responses and the risk of breakthrough infections post-vaccination. Relationships between these associations and potential mechanisms and links with risks of natural infection or disease are explored, and this review concludes by emphasizing how understanding the mechanisms of these genetic determinants may inform the development of tailored vaccination strategies. EXPERT OPINION Although complex, we believe these findings from the SARS-CoV2 pandemic offer a unique opportunity to understand the relationships between HLA and infection and vaccine response, with a goal of optimizing individual protection against COVID-19 in the ongoing pandemic, and possibly influencing wider vaccine development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Zheng
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amanda Y Chong
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Garg R, Liu Q, Van Kessel J, Asavajaru A, Uhlemann EM, Joessel M, Hamonic G, Khatooni Z, Kroeker A, Lew J, Scruten E, Pennington P, Deck W, Prysliak T, Nickol M, Apel F, Courant T, Kelvin AA, Van Kessel A, Collin N, Gerdts V, Köster W, Falzarano D, Racine T, Banerjee A. Efficacy of a stable broadly protective subunit vaccine platform against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Vaccine 2024; 42:125980. [PMID: 38769033 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and ongoing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted the need for rapid vaccine development platforms that can be updated to counteract emerging variants of currently circulating and future emerging coronaviruses. Here we report the development of a "train model" subunit vaccine platform that contains a SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan S1 protein (the "engine") linked to a series of flexible receptor binding domains (RBDs; the "cars") derived from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). We demonstrate that these linked subunit vaccines when combined with Sepivac SWE™, a squalene in water emulsion (SWE) adjuvant, are immunogenic in Syrian hamsters and subsequently provide protection from infection with SARS-CoV-2 VOCs Omicron (BA.1), Delta, and Beta. Importantly, the bivalent and trivalent vaccine candidates offered protection against some heterologous SARS-CoV-2 VOCs that were not included in the vaccine design, demonstrating the potential for broad protection against a range of different VOCs. Furthermore, these formulated vaccine candidates were stable at 2-8 °C for up to 13 months post-formulation, highlighting their utility in low-resource settings. Indeed, our vaccine platform will enable the development of safe and broadly protective vaccines against emerging betacoronaviruses that pose a significant health risk for humans and agricultural animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravendra Garg
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Qiang Liu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Jill Van Kessel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Akarin Asavajaru
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Eva-Maria Uhlemann
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Morgane Joessel
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (VFI), Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Glenn Hamonic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Zahed Khatooni
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Andrea Kroeker
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Lew
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Erin Scruten
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Paul Pennington
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - William Deck
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Tracy Prysliak
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Michaela Nickol
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Falko Apel
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (VFI), Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Courant
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (VFI), Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Alyson A Kelvin
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Andrew Van Kessel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Institute (VFI), Plan-Les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Köster
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Darryl Falzarano
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Trina Racine
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada.
| | - Arinjay Banerjee
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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21
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Wang Y, Ma Q, Li M, Mai Q, Ma L, Zhang H, Zhong H, Mai K, Cheng N, Feng P, Guan P, Wu S, Zhang L, Dai J, Zhang B, Pan W, Yang Z. A decavalent composite mRNA vaccine against both influenza and COVID-19. mBio 2024:e0066824. [PMID: 39105586 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00668-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has had a persistent and significant impact on global public health for 4 years. Recently, there has been a resurgence of seasonal influenza transmission worldwide. The co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal influenza viruses results in a dual burden on communities. Additionally, the pandemic potential of zoonotic influenza viruses, such as avian Influenza A/H5N1 and A/H7N9, remains a concern. Therefore, a combined vaccine against all these respiratory diseases is in urgent need. mRNA vaccines, with their superior efficacy, speed in development, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness, offer a promising solution for such infectious diseases and potential future pandemics. In this study, we present FLUCOV-10, a novel 10-valent mRNA vaccine created from our proven platform. This vaccine encodes hemagglutinin (HA) proteins from four seasonal influenza viruses and two avian influenza viruses with pandemic potential, as well as spike proteins from four SARS-CoV-2 variants. A two-dose immunization with the FLUCOV-10 elicited robust immune responses in mice, producing IgG antibodies, neutralizing antibodies, and antigen-specific cellular immune responses against all the vaccine-matched viruses of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Remarkably, the FLUCOV-10 immunization provided complete protection in mouse models against both homologous and heterologous strains of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight the potential of FLUCOV-10 as an effective vaccine candidate for the prevention of influenza and COVID-19.IMPORTANCEAmidst the ongoing and emerging respiratory viral threats, particularly the concurrent and sequential spread of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, our research introduces FLUCOV-10. This novel mRNA-based combination vaccine, designed to counteract both influenza and COVID-19, by incorporating genes for surface glycoproteins from various influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 variants. This combination vaccine was highly effective in preclinical trials, generating strong immune responses and ensuring protection against both matching and heterologous strains of influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2. FLUCOV-10 represents a significant step forward in our ability to address respiratory viral threats, showcasing potential as a singular, adaptable vaccine solution for global health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinhai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Li
- Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyi Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Guangzhou RiboBio Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Kailin Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Guangzhou RiboBio Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Feng
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Peikun Guan
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengzhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Technology Centre, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Technology Centre, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biliang Zhang
- Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
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22
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Webster ER, Peck NE, Echeverri JD, Gholizadeh S, Tang WL, Woo R, Sharma A, Liu W, Rae CS, Sallets A, Adusumilli G, Gunasekaran K, Haabeth OAW, Leong M, Zuckermann RN, Deutsch S, McKinlay CJ. Discovery of a Peptoid-Based Nanoparticle Platform for Therapeutic mRNA Delivery via Diverse Library Clustering and Structural Parametrization. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39105751 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated mRNA delivery has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality, but its growth is still limited by the discovery and optimization of effective and well-tolerated delivery strategies. Lipid nanoparticles containing charged or ionizable lipids are an emerging standard for in vivo mRNA delivery, so creating facile, tunable strategies to synthesize these key lipid-like molecules is essential to advance the field. Here, we generate a library of N-substituted glycine oligomers, peptoids, and undertake a multistage down-selection process to identify lead candidate peptoids as the ionizable component in our Nutshell nanoparticle platform. First, we identify a promising peptoid structural motif by clustering a library of >200 molecules based on predicted physical properties and evaluate members of each cluster for reporter gene expression in vivo. Then, the lead peptoid motif is optimized using design of experiments methodology to explore variations on the charged and lipophilic portions of the peptoid, facilitating the discovery of trends between structural elements and nanoparticle properties. We further demonstrate that peptoid-based Nutshells leads to expression of therapeutically relevant levels of an anti-respiratory syncytial virus antibody in mice with minimal tolerability concerns or induced immune responses compared to benchmark ionizable lipid, DLin-MC3-DMA. Through this work, we present peptoid-based nanoparticles as a tunable delivery platform that can be optimized toward a range of therapeutic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Webster
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Nicole E Peck
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Juan Diego Echeverri
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Shima Gholizadeh
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Wei-Lun Tang
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Rinette Woo
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Anushtha Sharma
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Weiqun Liu
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Chris S Rae
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Adrienne Sallets
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Gowrisudha Adusumilli
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Kannan Gunasekaran
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Ole A W Haabeth
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Meredith Leong
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Ronald N Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Samuel Deutsch
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Colin J McKinlay
- Nutcracker Therapeutics, 5980 Horton Street Suite 350, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
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23
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Ferguson M, Schwarz TF, Núñez SA, Rodríguez-García J, Mital M, Zala C, Schmitt B, Toursarkissian N, Mazarro DO, Großkopf J, Voors-Pette C, Mehta H, Hailemariam HA, de Heusch M, Salaun B, Damaso S, David MP, Descamps D, Hill J, Vandermeulen C, Hulstrøm V. Noninferior Immunogenicity and Consistent Safety of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Adults 50-59 Years Compared to ≥60 Years of Age. Clin Infect Dis 2024:ciae364. [PMID: 39099093 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adjuvanted respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) is approved in adults aged ≥60 years. We evaluated RSVPreF3 OA immunogenicity and safety in adults aged 50-59 years without or with increased risk for RSV disease due to specific chronic medical conditions. METHODS This observer-blind, phase 3, noninferiority trial included adults aged 50-59 years, stratified into 2 subcohorts: those with and those without predefined, stable, chronic medical conditions leading to an increased risk for RSV disease. Participants in both subcohorts were randomized 2:1 to receive RSVPreF3 OA or placebo. A control group of adults aged ≥60 years received RSVPreF3 OA. Primary outcomes were RSV-A and RSV-B neutralization titers (geometric mean titer ratios and sero-response rate differences) 1 month post-vaccination in 50-59-year-olds versus ≥60-year-olds. Cell-mediated immunity and safety were also assessed. RESULTS The exposed population included 1152 participants aged 50-59 years and 381 participants aged ≥60 years. RSVPreF3 OA was immunologically noninferior in 50-59-year-olds versus ≥60-year-olds; noninferiority criteria were met for RSV-A and RSV-B neutralization titers in those with and those without increased risk for RSV disease. Frequencies of RSVPreF3-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T cells increased substantially from pre- to 1 month post-vaccination. Most solicited adverse events had mild-to-moderate intensity and were transient. Unsolicited and serious adverse event rates were similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS RSVPreF3 OA was immunologically noninferior in 50-59-year-olds compared to ≥60-year-olds, in whom efficacy was previously demonstrated. The safety profile in 50-59-year-olds was consistent with that in ≥60-year-olds. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05590403.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tino F Schwarz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Vaccination Centre, Klinikum Würzburg Mitte, Campus Juliusspital, Würzburg Mitte, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Juan Rodríguez-García
- Preventive Medicine Department, Immunocompromised Patient Immunization Unit, Son Espases University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Marek Mital
- Agnieszka Mital Centrum Badan Clinic, Elblag, Poland
| | - Carlos Zala
- Vacunar, Sede Las Cañitas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Dolores Ochoa Mazarro
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario De La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Hemalini Mehta
- Clinical Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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24
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Alsalman B, AlBloushi AF, Alzuabi AK, Al Tawil L. Uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination in the pediatric population: Experience at a tertiary referral hospital. J Fr Ophtalmol 2024; 47:104265. [PMID: 39106557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2024.104265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence and outcomes of uveitis following coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination in the pediatric population. METHODS A case series of all patients under the age of 18years diagnosed with uveitis within 28days of COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS Out of 33 patients under the age of 18years who presented with uveitis from July 2021 until May 2022, eight (24.2%) developed uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination within 28days. Four had a previous history of uveitis. The mean time interval from COVID-19 vaccination to uveitis diagnosis was 14.75days. The most common anatomic diagnosis was anterior uveitis in four children, followed by panuveitis in two and posterior uveitis in two. Seven children were treated with systemic steroids/immunomodulatory agents. Improved or unaffected visual acuity was noted in all children at the final follow-up. CONCLUSION The pediatric population may demonstrate uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination. All children were treated successfully, and good final visual acuity was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Alsalman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A F AlBloushi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - A K Alzuabi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Al Tawil
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yang YG, Sun T. Advancing mRNA Therapeutics: The Role and Future of Nanoparticle Delivery Systems. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3743-3763. [PMID: 38953708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the critical role of mRNA-based vaccines as powerful, adaptable, readily manufacturable, and safe methodologies for prophylaxis. mRNA-based treatments are emerging as a hopeful avenue for a plethora of conditions, encompassing infectious diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases, genetic diseases, and rare disorders. Nonetheless, the in vivo delivery of mRNA faces challenges due to its instability, suboptimal delivery, and potential for triggering undesired immune reactions. In this context, the development of effective drug delivery systems, particularly nanoparticles (NPs), is paramount. Tailored with biophysical and chemical properties and susceptible to surface customization, these NPs have demonstrated enhanced mRNA delivery in vivo and led to the approval of several NPs-based formulations for clinical use. Despite these advancements, the necessity for developing a refined, targeted NP delivery system remains imperative. This review comprehensively surveys the biological, translational, and clinical progress in NPs-mediated mRNA therapeutics for both the prevention and treatment of diverse diseases. By addressing critical factors for enhancing existing methodologies, it aims to inform the future development of precise and efficacious mRNA-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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van der Heiden M, Shetty S, Bijvank E, Beckers L, Cevirgel A, van Sleen Y, Tcherniaeva I, Ollinger T, Burny W, van Binnendijk RS, van Houten MA, Buisman AM, Rots NY, van Beek J, van Baarle D. Multiple vaccine comparison in the same adults reveals vaccine-specific and age-related humoral response patterns: an open phase IV trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6603. [PMID: 39097574 PMCID: PMC11297912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine responsiveness is often reduced in older adults. Yet, our lack of understanding of low vaccine responsiveness hampers the development of effective vaccination strategies to reduce the impact of infectious diseases in the ageing population. Young-adult (25-49 y), middle-aged (50-64 y) and older-adult ( ≥ 65 y) participants of the VITAL clinical trials (n = 315, age-range: 28-98 y), were vaccinated with an annual (2019-2020) quadrivalent influenza (QIV) booster vaccine, followed by a primary 13-valent pneumococcal-conjugate (PCV13) vaccine (summer/autumn 2020) and a primary series of two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccines (spring 2021). This unique setup allowed investigation of humoral responsiveness towards multiple vaccines within the same individuals over the adult age-range. Booster QIV vaccination induced comparable H3N2 hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers in all age groups, whereas primary PCV13 and mRNA-1273 vaccination induced lower antibody concentrations in older as compared to younger adults (primary endpoint). The persistence of humoral responses, towards the 6 months timepoint, was shorter in older adults for all vaccines (secondary endpoint). Interestingly, highly variable vaccine responder profiles overarching multiple vaccines were observed. Yet, approximately 10% of participants, mainly comprising of older male adults, were classified as low responders to multiple vaccines. This study aids the identification of risk groups for low vaccine responsiveness and hence supports targeted vaccination strategies. Trial number: NL69701.041.19, EudraCT: 2019-000836-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van der Heiden
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sudarshan Shetty
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elske Bijvank
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Beckers
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alper Cevirgel
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yannick van Sleen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Tcherniaeva
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rob S van Binnendijk
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne A van Houten
- Spaarne Academy, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Buisman
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Y Rots
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Josine van Beek
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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27
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Matu J, Griffiths A, Shannon OM, Jones A, Day R, Radley D, Feeley A, Mabbs L, Blackshaw J, Sattar N, Ells L. The association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes: An umbrella review. Obes Rev 2024:e13803. [PMID: 39096049 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
This umbrella review assessed the association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were systematically searched for reviews that assessed the association between excess weight and COVID-19 outcomes. A second-order meta-analysis was conducted on the available data for intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation administration, disease severity, hospitalization, and mortality. The quality of included reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 appraisal tool. In total, 52 systematic reviews were included, 49 of which included meta-analyses. The risk of severe outcomes (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.05), intensive care unit admission (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.45 to 1.72), invasive mechanical ventilation administration (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.83), hospitalization (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.61 to 2.05), and mortality (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.48) following COVID-19 infection was significantly higher in individuals living with excess weight compared with those with a healthy weight. There was limited evidence available in the included reviews regarding the influence of moderating factors such as ethnicity, and the majority of included reviews were of poor quality. Obesity appears to represent an important modifiable pre-infection risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, including death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Matu
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Alex Griffiths
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Jones
- Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rhiannon Day
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Duncan Radley
- Obesity Institute, School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Alison Feeley
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, London, UK
| | - Lisa Mabbs
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, London, UK
| | | | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louisa Ells
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
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28
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Takada K, Taguchi K, Samura M, Igarashi Y, Okamoto Y, Enoki Y, Tanikawa K, Matsumoto K. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-related myocarditis and pericarditis: An analysis of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. J Infect Chemother 2024:S1341-321X(24)00209-5. [PMID: 39103148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines and myocarditis/pericarditis in the Japanese population has not been systematically investigated. This study was aimed at clarifying the association between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) and myocarditis/pericarditis as well as influencing factors by using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. METHODS Reporting odds ratios (RORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) for the association between the vaccines and myocarditis/pericarditis were calculated using data from the database (April 2004-December 2023). Age, sex, onset time, and outcomes in symptomatic patients were evaluated. RESULTS The total number of reports was 880,999 (myocarditis: 1846; pericarditis: 761). The adverse events associated with the vaccines included myocarditis (919 cases) and pericarditis (321 cases), with the ROR [95 % CIs] being significant for both (myocarditis: 30.51 [27.82-33.45], pericarditis: 21.99 [19.03-25.40]). Furthermore, the ROR [95 % CIs] of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 were 15.64 [14.15-17.28] and 54.23 [48.13-61.10], respectively, for myocarditis, and 15.78 [13.52-18.42] and 27.03 [21.58-33.87], respectively, for pericarditis. Furthermore, most cases were ≤30 years or male. The period from vaccination to onset was ≤8 days, corresponding to early failure type based on analysis using the Weibull distribution. Outcomes were recovery or remission for most cases; however, they were severe or caused death in some cases. CONCLUSION In the Japanese population, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination was significantly associated with the onset of myocarditis/pericarditis. The influencing factors included age of ≤30 years and male. Furthermore, although most adverse events occurred early after vaccination, overall outcomes were good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Takada
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, 2201-5 Kuroganecho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 225-0025, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Masaru Samura
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, 2201-5 Kuroganecho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 225-0025, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Yuki Igarashi
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, 2201-5 Kuroganecho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 225-0025, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yuki Enoki
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Koji Tanikawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama General Hospital, 2201-5 Kuroganecho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 225-0025, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
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Wu S, Zhou Y, Asakawa N, Wen M, Sun Y, Ming Y, Song T, Chen W, Ma G, Xia Y. Engineering CaP-Pickering emulsion for enhanced mRNA cancer vaccines via dual DC and NK activations. J Control Release 2024; 373:837-852. [PMID: 39059499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
mRNA delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticle (LNP), have made remarkable strides in improving mRNA expression, whereas immune system activation operates on a threshold. Maintaining a delicate balance between antigen expression and dendritic cell (DC) activation is vital for effective immune recognition. Here, a water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) Pickering emulsion stabilized with calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-PME) is developed for mRNA delivery in cancer vaccination. CaP-PME efficiently transports mRNA into the cytoplasm, induces pro-inflammatory responses and activates DCs by disrupting intracellular calcium/potassium ions balance. Unlike LNP, CaP-PME demonstrates a preference for DCs, enhancing their activation and migration to lymph nodes. It elicits interferon-γ-mediated CD8+ T cell responses and promotes NK cell proliferation and activation, leading to evident NK cells infiltration and ameliorated tumor microenvironment. The prepared w/o/w Pickering emulsion demonstrates superior anti-tumor effects in E.G7 and B16-OVA tumor models, offering promising prospects as an enhanced mRNA delivery vehicle for cancer vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Naoki Asakawa
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Mei Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yali Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tiantian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wansong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yufei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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30
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Lee N, Kim KH, Park JH, Cho JY, Cho SH, Kim DK, Kim SY, Kim EK, Choi EY, Choi JO, Cho S, Choi GH, Park H, Kim HY, Yoon HJ, Ahn Y, Jeong MH. COVID-19 Vaccination-Related Pericarditis: A Korean Nationwide Study. Mayo Clin Proc 2024:S0025-6196(24)00196-4. [PMID: 39093271 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of COVID-19 vaccine-related pericarditis (VRP) without myocarditis, we analyzed nationwide Korean data. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective nationwide report including all vaccinated Koreans with COVID-19 vaccine of any platform (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1, or Ad26.COV2.S) from February 26 to December 31, 2021. We analyzed the confirmed cases of COVID-19 VRP by the Expert Adjudication Committee. The incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of COVID-19 VRP were analyzed. RESULTS Among 44,322,068 Koreans with least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 VRP was confirmed in 179 cases, with 1.73 per million shots (95% CI, 1.48 to 2.00 per million shots). The incidence of VRP was significantly higher in males than females (2.01 per 1 million doses vs 1.45 per 1 million doses, respectively; P=.029), in mRNA vaccines than in other vaccines (2.09 per 1 million doses vs 0.36 per 1 million doses, respectively; P<.001), and in those younger than 40 years of age than those older than 40 years of age (3.52 per 1 million doses vs 0.89 per 1 million doses, respectively; P<.001). The incidence of VRP was highest in males between the ages of 12 and 17 years (7.38 per 1 million doses; 95% CI, 2.01 to 16.07). Although there was no case of mortality, hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion requiring pericardial drainage was noted in 10 cases (5.6%). CONCLUSION COVID-19 VRP was very rare and developed mainly in association with mRNA vaccines, especially in males younger than 40 years of age. The clinical course of VRP was excellent, and there were no cases of mortality. However, the development of hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion should be carefully monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - Kye Hun Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyeong Park
- Department of Cardiology in Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Jae Yeong Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Soo Hyeon Cho
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force Adverse Event Investigation Team, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Dong Keun Kim
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force Adverse Event Investigation Team, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Kim
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force Adverse Event Investigation Team, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Kim
- COVID-19 Vaccination Task Force Adverse Event Investigation Team, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Eui-Young Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suji Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ga Hui Choi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyukjin Park
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - Hyung Yoon Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoon
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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31
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Feng Q, Li Q, Zhou H, Wang Z, Lin C, Jiang Z, Liu T, Wang D. CRISPR technology in human diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e672. [PMID: 39081515 PMCID: PMC11286548 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene editing is a growing gene engineering technique that allows accurate editing of a broad spectrum of gene-regulated diseases to achieve curative treatment and also has the potential to be used as an adjunct to the conventional treatment of diseases. Gene editing technology, mainly based on clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein systems, which is capable of generating genetic modifications in somatic cells, provides a promising new strategy for gene therapy for a wide range of human diseases. Currently, gene editing technology shows great application prospects in a variety of human diseases, not only in therapeutic potential but also in the construction of animal models of human diseases. This paper describes the application of gene editing technology in hematological diseases, solid tumors, immune disorders, ophthalmological diseases, and metabolic diseases; focuses on the therapeutic strategies of gene editing technology in sickle cell disease; provides an overview of the role of gene editing technology in the construction of animal models of human diseases; and discusses the limitations of gene editing technology in the treatment of diseases, which is intended to provide an important reference for the applications of gene editing technology in the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Research and Development CentreBaicheng Medical CollegeBaichengChina
| | - Qirong Li
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhan Wang
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Grain Science and TechnologyJilin Business and Technology CollegeChangchunChina
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Tianjia Liu
- Research and Development CentreBaicheng Medical CollegeBaichengChina
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal CenterCollege of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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32
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Guérin M, Lepeltier E. Nanomedicines via the pulmonary route: a promising strategy to reach the target? Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2276-2297. [PMID: 38587757 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, research on nanomedicines as innovative tools in combating complex pathologies has increased tenfold, spanning fields from infectiology and ophthalmology to oncology. This process has further accelerated since the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. When it comes to human health, nano-objects are designed to protect, transport, and improve the solubility of compounds to allow the delivery of active ingredients on their targets. Nanomedicines can be administered by different routes, such as intravenous, oral, intramuscular, or pulmonary routes. In the latter route, nanomedicines can be aerosolized or nebulized to reach the deep lung. This review summarizes existing nanomedicines proposed for inhalation administration, from their synthesis to their potential clinical use. It also outlines the respiratory organs, their structure, and particularities, with a specific emphasis on how these factors impact the administration of nanomedicines. Furthermore, the review addresses the organs accessible through pulmonary administration, along with various pathologies such as infections, genetic diseases, or cancer that can be addressed through inhaled nanotherapeutics. Finally, it examines the existing devices suitable for the aerosolization of nanomedicines and the range of nanomedicines in clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélina Guérin
- Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Elise Lepeltier
- Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
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33
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Lu Y, Ao D, He X, Wei X. The rising SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 variant: evolution, infectivity, immune escape, and response strategies. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e675. [PMID: 39081516 PMCID: PMC11286544 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The JN.1 variant of COVID-19 has emerged as the dominant strain worldwide since the end of 2023. As a subclade of the BA.2.86 variant, JN.1 harbors a unique combination of mutations inherited from the BA.2.86 lineage, notably featuring the novel L455S mutation within its receptor-binding motif. This mutation has been linked to increased transmissibility and enhanced immune evasion capabilities. During the rise of JN.1, evidence of resistance to various monoclonal antibodies and reduced cross-neutralization effects of the XBB.1.5 vaccine have been observed. Although the public health threat posed by the JN.1 variant appears relatively low, concerns persist regarding its evolutionary trajectory under immune pressure. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving JN.1 variant, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring and investigation of new variants that could lead to widespread infection. It assesses the efficacy of current vaccines and therapeutics against emerging variants, particularly focusing on immunocompromised populations. Additionally, this review summarizes potential vaccine advancements and clinical treatments for COVID-19, offering insights to optimize prevention and treatment strategies. This review thoroughly evaluates the JN.1 variant's impact on public health and its implications for future vaccine and therapeutic development, contributing to ongoing efforts to mitigate the risk of virus transmission and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Danyi Ao
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei He
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanPeople's Republic of China
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34
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Saad-Roy CM, Morris SE, Boots M, Baker RE, Lewis BL, Farrar J, Marathe MV, Graham AL, Levin SA, Wagner CE, Metcalf CJE, Grenfell BT. Impact of waning immunity against SARS-CoV-2 severity exacerbated by vaccine hesitancy. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012211. [PMID: 39102402 PMCID: PMC11299835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has generated a considerable number of infections and associated morbidity and mortality across the world. Recovery from these infections, combined with the onset of large-scale vaccination, have led to rapidly-changing population-level immunological landscapes. In turn, these complexities have highlighted a number of important unknowns related to the breadth and strength of immunity following recovery or vaccination. Using simple mathematical models, we investigate the medium-term impacts of waning immunity against severe disease on immuno-epidemiological dynamics. We find that uncertainties in the duration of severity-blocking immunity (imparted by either infection or vaccination) can lead to a large range of medium-term population-level outcomes (i.e. infection characteristics and immune landscapes). Furthermore, we show that epidemiological dynamics are sensitive to the strength and duration of underlying host immune responses; this implies that determining infection levels from hospitalizations requires accurate estimates of these immune parameters. More durable vaccines both reduce these uncertainties and alleviate the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in pessimistic outcomes. However, heterogeneity in vaccine uptake drastically changes immune landscapes toward larger fractions of individuals with waned severity-blocking immunity. In particular, if hesitancy is substantial, more robust vaccines have almost no effects on population-level immuno-epidemiology, even if vaccination rates are compensatorily high among vaccine-adopters. This pessimistic scenario for vaccination heterogeneity arises because those few individuals that are vaccine-adopters are so readily re-vaccinated that the duration of vaccinal immunity has no appreciable consequences on their immune status. Furthermore, we find that this effect is heightened if vaccine-hesitants have increased transmissibility (e.g. due to riskier behavior). Overall, our results illustrate the necessity to characterize both transmission-blocking and severity-blocking immune time scales. Our findings also underline the importance of developing robust next-generation vaccines with equitable mass vaccine deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadi M. Saad-Roy
- Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Sinead E. Morris
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mike Boots
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E. Baker
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Bryan L. Lewis
- Network Systems Science and Advanced Computing Division, Biocomplexity Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Madhav V. Marathe
- Network Systems Science and Advanced Computing Division, Biocomplexity Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Andrea L. Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Simon A. Levin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - C. Jessica E. Metcalf
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Bryan T. Grenfell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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Tetsuka N, Suzuki K, Suzuki K, Ishihara T, Miwa T, Tajirika S, Adachi M, Horita R, Fukao T, Yamamoto M. Adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination during 2021-2022 suppressed by breakfast consumption and favorable sleeping habit among Japanese university students. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100516. [PMID: 39040886 PMCID: PMC11260603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young adults are hesitant to receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination owing to concerns regarding adverse events despite the effectiveness of vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated serious illness, hospitalization, and death. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Gifu University students receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine and boosters to elucidate the real incidence of adverse events and factors that prevent them. We examined the adverse events and identified potential risk factors through a self-administered questionnaire on the participants' physical condition after COVID-19 vaccination. Results Focal/systemic adverse events were highly frequent among university students after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine; however, there were no life-threatening cases or hospitalizations over two years. A higher number of vaccinations (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), and lower body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.002) were associated with an increased incidence of adverse events on the day of COVID-19 vaccination or the day after vaccination. Regular breakfast consumption was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of post-vaccination itching (p = 0.019) and abdominal pain and diarrhea (p = 0.042). Sufficient sleep duration was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of post-vaccination abdominal pain and diarrhea (p = 0.042). Conclusions High frequency of adverse events of COVID-19 mRNA-1273 among Japanese university students was reported. A higher number of shots, female sex, and lower BMI were associated with a higher incidence of adverse events. Regular breakfast and sufficient sleep were associated with fewer adverse events. This study may provide a possible solution to the worldwide problem of vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Tetsuka
- Department of Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Keiko Suzuki
- Department of Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kodai Suzuki
- Department of Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishihara
- Innovative and Clinical Research Promotion Center, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takao Miwa
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoko Tajirika
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Miho Adachi
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ryo Horita
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Taku Fukao
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yamamoto
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Aghajani Mir M. Illuminating the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2: Insights into competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulatory networks. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 122:105613. [PMID: 38844190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 triggered a significant economic and health crisis worldwide, with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms that contribute to its development are not yet fully understood. Although substantial progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2 infection and therapy, it continues to rank among the top three global causes of mortality due to infectious illnesses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), being integral components across nearly all biological processes, demonstrate effective importance in viral pathogenesis. Regarding viral infections, ncRNAs have demonstrated their ability to modulate host reactions, viral replication, and host-pathogen interactions. However, the complex interactions of different types of ncRNAs in the progression of COVID-19 remains understudied. In recent years, a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional gene regulation known as "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" has been proposed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and viral ncRNAs function as ceRNAs, influencing the expression of associated genes by sequestering shared microRNAs. Recent research on SARS-CoV-2 has revealed that disruptions in specific ceRNA regulatory networks (ceRNETs) contribute to the abnormal expression of key infection-related genes and the establishment of distinctive infection characteristics. These findings present new opportunities to delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This progress paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of ceRNETs, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms involved. Further exploration of these mechanisms holds promise for enhancing our ability to prevent viral infections and develop effective antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Aghajani Mir
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Runnstrom MC, Lamothe PA, Faliti CE, Cheedarla N, Moreno A, Suthar MS, Nahata R, Ravindran M, Haddad NS, Morrison-Porter A, Quehl H, Ramonell RP, Woodruff M, Anam F, Zhang R, Swenson C, Polito C, Neveu W, Patel R, Smirnova N, Nguyen DC, Kim C, Hentenaar I, Kyu S, Usman S, Ngo T, Guo Z, Wu H, Daiss JL, Park J, Manning KE, Wali B, Ellis ML, Sharma S, Holguin F, Cheedarla S, Neish AS, Roback JD, Sanz I, Eun-Hyung Lee F. Patients taking benralizumab, dupilumab, or mepolizumab have lower postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:435-446. [PMID: 38878020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biologic therapies inhibiting the IL-4 or IL-5 pathways are very effective in the treatment of asthma and other related conditions. However, the cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 also play a role in the generation of adaptive immune responses. Although these biologics do not cause overt immunosuppression, their effect in primary severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunization has not been studied completely. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate the antibody and cellular immunity after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients on biologics (PoBs). METHODS Patients with severe asthma or atopic dermatitis who were taking benralizumab, dupilumab, or mepolizumab and had received the initial dose of the 2-dose adult SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine were enrolled in a prospective, observational study. As our control group, we used a cohort of immunologically healthy subjects (with no significant immunosuppression) who were not taking biologics (NBs). We used a multiplexed immunoassay to measure antibody levels, neutralization assays to assess antibody function, and flow cytometry to quantitate Spike-specific lymphocytes. RESULTS We analyzed blood from 57 patients in the PoB group and 46 control subjects from the NB group. The patients in the PoB group had lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, pseudovirus neutralization, live virus neutralization, and frequencies of Spike-specific B and CD8 T cells at 6 months after vaccination. In subgroup analyses, patients with asthma who were taking biologics had significantly lower pseudovirus neutralization than did subjects with asthma who were not taking biologics. CONCLUSION The patients in the PoB group had reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers, neutralizing activity, and virus-specific B- and CD8 T-cell counts. These results have implications when considering development of a more individualized immunization strategy in patients who receive biologic medications blocking IL-4 or IL-5 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Runnstrom
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Pedro A Lamothe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Caterina E Faliti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Narayanaiah Cheedarla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Rishika Nahata
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Mayuran Ravindran
- J. Willis Hurst Internal Medicine Residency Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Natalie S Haddad
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Andrea Morrison-Porter
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Hannah Quehl
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Richard P Ramonell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Matthew Woodruff
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Fabliha Anam
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Rebeca Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Colin Swenson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Carmen Polito
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Wendy Neveu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Rahulkumar Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Natalia Smirnova
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Doan C Nguyen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Caroline Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Ian Hentenaar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Shuya Kyu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Sabeena Usman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Thuy Ngo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Zhenxing Guo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - John L Daiss
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Jiwon Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Kelly E Manning
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Bursha Wali
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Madison L Ellis
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Sunita Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colo
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colo
| | - Suneethamma Cheedarla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - John D Roback
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Ignacio Sanz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Atlanta, Ga
| | - F Eun-Hyung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga.
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Soroudi S, Jaafari MR, Arabi L. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mediated mRNA delivery in cardiovascular diseases: Advances in genome editing and CAR T cell therapy. J Control Release 2024; 372:113-140. [PMID: 38876358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global mortality among non-communicable diseases. Current cardiac regeneration treatments have limitations and may lead to adverse reactions. Hence, innovative technologies are needed to address these shortcomings. Messenger RNA (mRNA) emerges as a promising therapeutic agent due to its versatility in encoding therapeutic proteins and targeting "undruggable" conditions. It offers low toxicity, high transfection efficiency, and controlled protein production without genome insertion or mutagenesis risk. However, mRNA faces challenges such as immunogenicity, instability, and difficulty in cellular entry and endosomal escape, hindering its clinical application. To overcome these hurdles, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), notably used in COVID-19 vaccines, have a great potential to deliver mRNA therapeutics for CVDs. This review highlights recent progress in mRNA-LNP therapies for CVDs, including Myocardial Infarction (MI), Heart Failure (HF), and hypercholesterolemia. In addition, LNP-mediated mRNA delivery for CAR T-cell therapy and CRISPR/Cas genome editing in CVDs and the related clinical trials are explored. To enhance the efficiency, safety, and clinical translation of mRNA-LNPs, advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AGILE platform) in RNA structure design, and optimization of LNP formulation could be integrated. We conclude that the strategies to facilitate the extra-hepatic delivery and targeted organ tropism of mRNA-LNPs (SORT, ASSET, SMRT, and barcoded LNPs) hold great prospects to accelerate the development and translation of mRNA-LNPs in CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Soroudi
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ramaiyer M, El Sabeh M, Zhu J, Shea A, Segev D, Yenokyan G, Borahay MA. The association of COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual health: A period-tracking app-based cohort study. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100501. [PMID: 38832342 PMCID: PMC11145335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In initial COVID-19 clinical trials, menstrual health was not formally monitored, yet anecdotal reports of menstruation changes surfaced on social media. This study aims to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccines and menstruation using Clue, a period-tracking application. Study design A survey assessing demographics, menstrual health, stress levels, and COVID-19 vaccination was sent to Clue users between 12/7/2021 and 2/9/2022. Inclusion criteria were (1) 18 years or older (2) currently menstruating (3) not pregnant or breastfeeding since 1/2020. Menstrual data was collected for each participant. Users with cycle lengths more than 90 days were excluded. Cycle lengths were calculated for the 6-month average pre-vaccination (PRIOR), the cycle during which vaccination was administered (DURING), the cycle following DURING (AFTER1), and the cycle following AFTER1 (AFTER2). For periods, individuals were stratified based on whether vaccination was received during their menstrual period (DURING). Period lengths were additionally calculated for the 6-month average pre-vaccination (PRIOR), the first period following vaccination (AFTER1), and the period following AFTER1 (AFTER2). For unvaccinated participants, an index date (4/1/2022) was used to similarly designate menstrual cycles and periods. For each participant, cycle length changes for DURING, AFTER1, and AFTER2 compared to PRIOR were determined. Student's t-test compared the mean of these changes between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Results Of 7,559 participants, 6,897 (91 %) were vaccinated. Compared to PRIOR, individuals vaccinated during their menstrual period demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the DURING period length, but not AFTER1 (p = 0.463) and AFTER2 (p = 0.692). No statistically significant changes were observed in period lengths of those vaccinated in between periods or in cycle lengths overall. Conclusion A small but statistically significant change in period length was observed only in individuals vaccinated for COVID-19 during their menstrual period. Providers can better counsel menstruating individuals to reduce vaccine misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Ramaiyer
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Malak El Sabeh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jiafeng Zhu
- Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amanda Shea
- Head of Science, Clue by BioWink GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorry Segev
- Department of Surgery, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gayane Yenokyan
- Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mostafa A. Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Jin C, Zhang Y, Li B, Gao T, Wang B, Hua P. Robust anti-tumor immunity through the integration of targeted lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA nanovaccines with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101136. [PMID: 39015802 PMCID: PMC11251012 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor mRNA vaccines present a personalized approach in cancer immunotherapy, encoding distinct tumor antigens to evoke robust immune responses and offering the potential against emerging tumor variants. Despite this, the clinical advancement of tumor mRNA vaccines has been hampered by their limited delivery capacity and inefficient activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Herein, we employed microfluidics technology to engineer mannose-modified lipid-based nanovaccines for specifically targeting APCs. The encapsulation process efficiently entrapped the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) agonist along with mRNA encoding antigens. The targeted nanovaccines (TNVs) exhibited a narrow particle size distribution, ensuring consistent and efficient delivery. These TNVs significantly enhanced gene expression of mRNA, facilitating antigen presentation and immune activation. When compared to non-targeted nanovaccines, TNVs outperformed in terms of antigen presentation and immune activation. Furthermore, the combination of anti-PD-L1 antibodies with TNVs elicited a synergistic anti-tumor effect. This was attributed to the anti-PD-L1 antibodies' ability to overcome the immune suppression of tumor cells. Our findings suggest that the combination treatment elicited the most robust anti-tumor immune activation and immune memory effect. These results indicate that integrating tumor mRNA vaccines with immune checkpoint inhibitors or other immunostimulatory agents may be crucial for enhancing the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130022, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130022, China
| | - Baofeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130022, China
| | - Tianci Gao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province, 154007, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130022, China
| | - Peiyan Hua
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130022, China
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Sun T, Li L, Mues KE, Georgieva MV, Kirk B, Mansi JA, Van de Velde N, Beck EC. Real-World Effectiveness of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 Versus BNT162b2 on Inpatient and Medically Attended COVID-19 Among Immunocompromised US Adults. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:1771-1787. [PMID: 38916690 PMCID: PMC11266318 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-01005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent data have shown elevated infection rates in several subpopulations at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19, including immunocompromised (IC) individuals. Previous research suggests that IC persons have reduced risks of hospitalization and medically attended COVID-19 with two doses of mRNA-1273 (SpikeVax; Moderna) compared to two doses of BNT162b2 (Comirnaty; Pfizer/BioNTech). The main objective of this retrospective cohort study was to compare real-world effectiveness of third doses of mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 at multiple time points on occurrence of COVID-19 hospitalization and medically attended COVID-19 among IC adults in the United States (US). METHODS This retrospective, observational comparative effectiveness study identified patients from the US HealthVerity database from December 11, 2020, through August 31, 2022. Medically attended SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalizations were assessed following a three-dose mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 regimen. Inverse probability weighting was applied to balance baseline confounders between vaccine groups. Relative risk (RR) and risk difference were calculated for subgroup and sensitivity analyses using a non-parametric method. RESULTS In propensity score-adjusted analyses, receiving mRNA-1273 vs. BNT162b2 as third dose was associated with 32.4% (relative risk 0.676; 95% confidence interval 0.506-0.887), 29.3% (0.707; 0.573-0.858), and 23.4% (0.766; 0.626-0.927) lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization after 90, 180, and 270 days, respectively. Corresponding reductions in medically attended COVID-19 were 8.4% (0.916; 0.860-0.976), 6.4% (0.936; 0.895-0.978), and 2.4% (0.976; 0.935-1.017), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a third dose of mRNA-1273 is more effective than a third dose of BNT162b2 in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization and breakthrough medically attended COVID-19 among IC adults in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Sun
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Linwei Li
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | | | | | - James A Mansi
- Moderna, Inc., 325 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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Gupta A, Righi E, Konnova A, Sciammarella C, Spiteri G, Van Averbeke V, Berkell M, Hotterbeekx A, Sartor A, Mirandola M, Malhotra-Kumar S, Azzini AM, Pezzani D, Monaco MGL, Vanham G, Porru S, Tacconelli E, Kumar-Singh S. Interleukin-2-mediated CD4 T-cell activation correlates highly with effective serological and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people living with HIV. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29820. [PMID: 39056205 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) despite having an appreciable depletion of CD4+ T-cells show a good severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination response. The underlying mechanism(s) are currently not understood. We studied serological and polyfunctional T-cell responses in PLWH receiving anti-retroviral therapy stratified on CD4+ counts as PLWH-high (CD4 ≥ 500 cells/mm3) and PLWH-low (<500 cells/mm3). Responses were assessed longitudinally before the first vaccination (T0), 1-month after the first dose (T1), 3-months (T2), and 6-months (T3) after the second dose. Expectedly, both PLWH-high and -low groups developed similar serological responses after T2, which were also non-significantly different from age and vaccination-matched HIV-negative controls at T3. The immunoglobulin G titers were also protective showing a good correlation with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-neutralizations (R = 0.628, p = 0.005). While surface and intracellular activation analysis showed no significant difference at T3 between PLWH and controls in activated CD4+CD154+ and CD4+ memory T-cells, spike-specific CD4+ polyfunctional cytokine expression analysis showed that PLWH preferentially express interleukin (IL)-2 (p < 0.001) and controls, interferon-γ (p = 0.017). CD4+ T-cell counts negatively correlated with IL-2-expressing CD4+ T-cells including CD4+ memory T-cells (Spearman ρ: -0.85 and -0.80, respectively; p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the durable serological and CD4+ T-cell responses developing in vaccinated PLWH are associated with IL-2-mediated CD4+ T-cell activation that likely compensates for CD4+ T-cell depletion in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshita Gupta
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elda Righi
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelina Konnova
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Concetta Sciammarella
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spiteri
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincent Van Averbeke
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matilda Berkell
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Hotterbeekx
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Assunta Sartor
- Microbiology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Massimo Mirandola
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anna Maria Azzini
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Diletta Pezzani
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Lourdes Monaco
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Guido Vanham
- Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefano Porru
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Molecular Pathology Group, Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Chanchlani R, Shah BR, Bangdiwala SI, de Souza RJ, Luo J, Bolotin S, Bowdish DME, Desai D, Everett K, Lear SA, Loeb M, Punthakee Z, Sherifali D, Wahi G, Anand SS. COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among South Asians in Canada. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003490. [PMID: 39088444 PMCID: PMC11293718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among South Asians living in Ontario, Canada compared to non-South Asians and compared the odds of symptomatic COVID-19 infection and related hospitalizations and deaths among non-vaccinated South Asians and non-South Asians. This was a test negative design study conducted in Ontario, Canada between December 14, 2020 and November 15, 2021. All eligible individuals >18 years with symptoms of COVID-19 were subdivided by ethnicity (South Asian vs other) and vaccination status (vaccinated versus not). The primary outcome was vaccine effectiveness as defined by COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths, and secondary outcome was the odds of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and death comparing non-vaccinated South Asians to non-vaccinated non-South Asians. 883,155 individuals were included. Among South Asians, two doses of COVID-19 vaccine prevented 93.8% (95% CI 93.2, 94.4) of COVID-19 infections and 97.5% (95% CI 95.2, 98.6) of hospitalizations and deaths. Among non-South Asians, vaccines prevented 86.6% (CI 86.3, 86.9) of COVID-19 infections and 93.1% (CI 92.2, 93.8) of hospitalizations and deaths. Non-vaccinated South Asians had higher odds of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to non-vaccinated non-South Asians (OR 2.35, 95% CI 2.3, 2.4), regardless of their immigration status. COVID-19 vaccines are effective in preventing infections, hospitalizations and deaths among South Asians living in Canada. The observation that non-vaccinated South Asians have higher odds of symptomatic COVID-19 infection warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chanchlani
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Baiju R. Shah
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shrikant I. Bangdiwala
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J. de Souza
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin Luo
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelly Bolotin
- Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn M. E. Bowdish
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dipika Desai
- Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Scott A. Lear
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark Loeb
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zubin Punthakee
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Sherifali
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gita Wahi
- Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonia S. Anand
- Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Spiteri G, D'Agostini M, Abedini M, Ditano G, Collatuzzo G, Boffetta P, Vimercati L, Sansone E, De Palma G, Modenese A, Gobba F, Liviero F, Moretto A, dell'Omo M, Fiordi T, Larese Filon F, Mauro M, Violán C, Mates D, Oravec Bérešová J, Monaco MGL, Carta A, Verlato G, Porru S. Protective role of SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG against breakthrough infections among European healthcare workers during pre and post-Omicron surge-ORCHESTRA project. Infection 2024; 52:1347-1356. [PMID: 38326526 PMCID: PMC11289150 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti SARS-CoV-2 vaccination initially showed high effectiveness in preventing COVID-19. However, after the surge of variants of concern, the effectiveness dropped. Several studies investigated if this was related to the decrease of the humoral response over time; however, this issue is still unclear. The aim of this study was to understand whether SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG levels can be used to predict breakthrough infection risk and define the timing for further booster doses administration. METHOD Within the framework of the ORCHESTRA Project, over 20,000 health workers from 11 European centers were enrolled since December 2020. We performed two Cox proportional hazards survival analyses regarding pre-Omicron (from January to July 2021) and Omicron (December 2021-May 2022) periods. The serological response was classified as high (above the 75th percentile), medium (25th-75th), or low (< 25th). RESULTS Seventy-four (0.33%) and 2122 (20%) health workers were infected during the first and second periods, respectively. Both Cox analyses showed that having high anti-S titer was linked to a significantly lower risk of infection as compared to having medium serological response [HR of high vs medium anti-S titer = 0.27 (95% CI 0.11-0.66) during the first phase, HR = 0.76 (95% CI 0.62-0.93) during the second phase]. CONCLUSION Vaccine effectiveness wanes significantly after new variants surge, making anti-S titer unsuitable to predict optimal timing for further booster dose administration. Studies on other immunological indicators, such as cellular immunity, are therefore needed to better understand the mechanisms and duration of protection against breakthrough infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Spiteri
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Marika D'Agostini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mahsa Abedini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ditano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Sansone
- Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121, Brescia, Italy
- Unit of Occupational Health, Hygiene, Toxicology and Prevention, University Hospital ASST Spedali Civili, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabriziomaria Gobba
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Liviero
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Moretto
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco dell'Omo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Fiordi
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Perugia Hospital, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Larese Filon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34129, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcella Mauro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34129, Trieste, Italy
| | - Concepción Violán
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08303, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain
- Grup de REcerca en Impacte de les Malalties Cròniques i les Seves Trajectòries (GRIMTra), (2021 SGR 01537), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), 08303, Barcelona, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS) (RD21/0016/0029), Insitituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Direcció d'Atenció Primària Metropolitana Nord Institut Català de Salut, 08204, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, 050463, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jana Oravec Bérešová
- Epidemiology Department, Regional Authority of Public Health, 97556, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | | | - Angela Carta
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Verlato
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Porru
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
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Fujieda K, Tanaka A, Kikuchi R, Takai N, Saito S, Yasuda Y, Sano Y, Kato M, Furuhashi K, Maruyama S. Changes in antibody titer after four and five doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Japanese post-kidney transplant patients. Ther Apher Dial 2024; 28:489-498. [PMID: 38385762 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosuppressed patients exhibit low antibody acquisition rates following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. Kidney transplant recipients previously exhibited low antibody acquisition rates after two vaccine doses, which increased after the third dose. We evaluated antibody titers of Japanese post-kidney transplant patients after the fourth and fifth vaccinations. METHODS Antibody titers for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured between 3 weeks and 3 months after the fourth or fifth vaccination. RESULTS Increased antibody acquisition rates were observed after the fourth (75.0% antibody-positive) and fifth (81.5% antibody-positive) vaccinations. The antibody-acquired group after the fourth vaccination exhibited a higher body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than the non-acquired group. A higher eGFR was associated with antibody acquisition after the fifth vaccination. CONCLUSION In Japanese post-kidney transplant patients, the antibody acquisition rate increased with each vaccine additional dose. Additional vaccinations are recommended to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Fujieda
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kikuchi
- Department of Medical Technique, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nami Takai
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoji Saito
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yasuda
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Sano
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Bouazzaoui A, Abdellatif AA. Vaccine delivery systems and administration routes: Advanced biotechnological techniques to improve the immunization efficacy. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100500. [PMID: 38873639 PMCID: PMC11170481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the first use of vaccine tell the last COVID-19 pandemic caused by spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, the use of advanced biotechnological techniques has accelerated the development of different types and methods for immunization. The last pandemic showed that the nucleic acid-based vaccine, especially mRNA, has an advantage in terms of development time; however, it showed a very critical drawback namely, the higher costs when compared to other strategies, and its inability to protect against new variants. This showed the need of more improvement to reach a better delivery and efficacy. In this review we will describe different vaccine delivery systems including, the most used viral vector, and also variable strategies for delivering of nucleic acid-based vaccines especially lipid-based nanoparticles formulation, polymersomes, electroporation and also the new powerful tools for the delivery of mRNA, which is based on the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Additionally, we will also discuss the main challenges associated with each system. Finlay, the efficacy and safety of the vaccines depends not only on the formulations and delivery systems, but also the dosage and route of administration are also important players, therefore we will see the different routes for the vaccine administration including traditionally routes (intramuscular, Transdermal, subcutaneous), oral inhalation or via nasal mucosa, and will describe the advantages and disadvantage of each administration route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452 Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
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Beaudoin-Bussières G, Finzi A. Deciphering Fc-effector functions against SARS-CoV-2. Trends Microbiol 2024; 32:756-768. [PMID: 38365562 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Major efforts were deployed to study the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. Antibodies neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 have been extensively studied in the context of infections, vaccinations, and breakthrough infections. Antibodies, however, are pleiotropic proteins that have many functions in addition to neutralization. These include Fc-effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). Although important to combat viral infections, these Fc-effector functions were less studied in the context of SARS-CoV-2 compared with binding and neutralization. This is partly due to the difficulty in developing reliable assays to measure Fc-effector functions compared to antibody binding and neutralization. Multiple assays have now been developed and can be used to measure different Fc-effector functions. Here, we review these assays and what is known regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 Fc-effector functions. Overall, this review summarizes and updates our current state of knowledge regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 Fc-effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada.
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Leandro K, Rufino-Ramos D, Breyne K, Di Ianni E, Lopes SM, Jorge Nobre R, Kleinstiver BP, Perdigão PRL, Breakefield XO, Pereira de Almeida L. Exploring the potential of cell-derived vesicles for transient delivery of gene editing payloads. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 211:115346. [PMID: 38849005 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Gene editing technologies have the potential to correct genetic disorders by modifying, inserting, or deleting specific DNA sequences or genes, paving the way for a new class of genetic therapies. While gene editing tools continue to be improved to increase their precision and efficiency, the limited efficacy of in vivo delivery remains a major hurdle for clinical use. An ideal delivery vehicle should be able to target a sufficient number of diseased cells in a transient time window to maximize on-target editing and mitigate off-target events and immunogenicity. Here, we review major advances in novel delivery platforms based on cell-derived vesicles - extracellular vesicles and virus-like particles - for transient delivery of gene editing payloads. We discuss major findings regarding packaging, in vivo biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy, and safety concerns of cell-derived vesicles delivery of gene editing cargos and their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Leandro
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Rufino-Ramos
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Koen Breyne
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Emilio Di Ianni
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sara M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Jorge Nobre
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; ViraVector - Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Benjamin P Kleinstiver
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Pedro R L Perdigão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; GeneT - Gene Therapy Center of Excellence Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; ViraVector - Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
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Figueroa AL, Ali K, Berman G, Zhou H, Deng W, Xu W, Lussier S, Girard B, Dutko FJ, Slobod K, Yeakey A, Priddy F, Miller JM, Das R. Safety and durability of mRNA-1273-induced SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in adolescents: results from the phase 2/3 TeenCOVE trial. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 74:102720. [PMID: 39091673 PMCID: PMC11293523 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Longitudinal changes in vaccination-induced immune response remain inadequately characterized in adolescents. We present long-term safety, immunogenicity, and COVID-19 incidence following a 2-dose mRNA-1273 100-μg primary series, and immunogenicity following a single dose of mRNA-1273 50 μg in vaccine-naïve adolescents. Methods TeenCOVE (NCT04649151) Part 1 randomized adolescents (12-17 years) to 2-dose mRNA-1273 100 μg (n = 2490) or placebo (n = 1243) 28 days apart. Subsequently, placebo recipients (n = 91) could receive open-label mRNA-1273. Primary objectives included prespecified adverse events through 12 months; secondary objectives were COVID-19 incidence and neutralizing and spike-binding antibodies (nAbs/bAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral/variants) through 12 months (study period: December 2020-January 2022). In Part 2, vaccine-naïve adolescents (n = 52) received up to 2 doses of mRNA-1273 50 μg; interim analysis included Day 28 (D28) nAbs post-injection 1 in SARS-CoV-2-baseline-positive participants (serologic/virologic evidence of prior infection). Findings In SARS-CoV-2-baseline-negative adolescents (N = 369), mRNA-1273 induced robust nAb responses versus baseline (geometric mean concentration [GMC] = 11; 95% CI, 11-12) at D28 (1868 [1759-1985]), 6 months (625 [583-670]) and 12 months (550 [490-618]) post-injection 2. Similar bAb responses were observed to alpha/beta/delta/gamma variants; nAb/bAb responses were similar in SARS-CoV-2-baseline-positive adolescents. The 2-dose mRNA-1273 100-μg primary series was generally well-tolerated; one case of nonserious, moderate, probable acute myocarditis resolved by 8 days from symptom onset. A single dose of mRNA-1273 50 μg in SARS-CoV-2-baseline-positive adolescents induced higher D28 nAb GMCs against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 than 2-dose mRNA-1273 100 μg in young adults (geometric mean ratio = 4.322 [3.274-5.707]). Interpretation The overall risk-benefit profile of mRNA-1273 remains favorable in adolescents, with durable 12-month immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral/variants). A single mRNA-1273 50-μg injection in vaccine-naïve adolescents elicited robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Funding This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds by the Department of Health and Human Services, United States; Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, United States; Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, United States, under Contract No. 75A50120C00034. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Health and Human Services or its components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashif Ali
- Kool Kids Pediatrics, DM Clinical Research, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gary Berman
- Clinical Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Benson BR, Rahman SA, Bleasdale J, Win S, Townsend-Kensinger K, Cole M, Jalal K, Yu J, Morse GD, Mohler JL, Ward RL. Trusted Information Sources About the COVID-19 Vaccine Vary in Underserved Communities. J Community Health 2024; 49:598-605. [PMID: 38300477 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was one of the deadliest global public health events. In the United States, over 1.1 million individuals have died, and now COVID-19 is the third leading cause of death (CDC, 2023). Vaccine uptake has stalled among different demographics. Vaccine hesitancy, a delay in accepting or refusing vaccines, poses a significant challenge regardless of the availability of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines. This study aimed to identify disparate COVID-19 vaccine uptake among individuals in Western New York. The primary objective was to identify the factors contributing to lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination within this population.Data were collected from 585 adults recruited from 20 Niagara and Erie Counties sites using a self-administered survey on vaccine hesitancy, vaccination status, and COVID-19-related characteristics. The survey included the adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (aVHS) and acquired information on demographic characteristics and COVID-19 impact, knowledge, and information sources. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test, a Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and a logistic regression model.Findings suggest that unvaccinated participants (n = 35) were concerned about vaccine side effects (48.6%). For vaccinated/unboosted participants (n = 52), they (40.0%) reported clinical concerns. After adjusting for gender and age, healthcare provider guidance and family guidance remained significant predictors of vaccination status, while clinical research studies were significant predictors of booster status. Findings from this study suggest public health interventions that target vaccine education and facilitate well-informed decisions about COVID-19 vaccines lead to less vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James L Mohler
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (Urology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics), Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rolanda L Ward
- Department of Social Work, Niagara University, Niagara Falls, NY, USA.
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