1
|
Nagao M, Okazaki K, Ohira T, Nakano H, Hayashi F, Shimabukuro M, Sakai A, Hosoya M, Kazama JJ, Takahashi A, Maeda M, Yabe H, Ohto H, Kamiya K, Yasumura S. Association between evacuation and becoming overweight after the Great East Japan Earthquake: a 7-year follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey. Public Health 2024; 232:170-177. [PMID: 38788493 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disaster evacuation increases the risk of becoming overweight or obese owing to lifestyle changes and psychosocial factors. This study evaluated the effect of evacuation on becoming overweight during a 7-year follow-up among residents of Fukushima Prefecture during the Great East Japan Earthquake. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. METHODS We analysed data collected from 18,977 non-overweight Japanese participants who completed the 'Comprehensive Health Checkup Program' and 'Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey', as part of the Fukushima Health Management Survey, between July 2011 and November 2012. An evacuation was defined as the moving out of residents of municipalities designated as an evacuation zone by the government or having a self-reported experience of moving into shelters or temporary housing. Follow-up examinations were conducted in March 2018 to identify patients who became overweight. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS Among 15,875 participants (6091 men and 9784 women; mean age 63.0 ± 11.1 years) who received follow-up examination (mean follow-up, 4.29 years), 2042 (856 men and 1186 women) became overweight. Age-, baseline body mass index-, lifestyle-, and psychosocial status-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for becoming overweight after evacuation were 1.44 (1.24-1.66) for men and 1.66 (1.47-1.89) for women. CONCLUSION Evacuation was associated with the risk of becoming overweight 7 years after the disaster. Thus, maintaining physical activity, healthy diet, and sleep quality and removing barriers to healthy behaviour caused by disasters, including anxiety concerning radiation, may prevent this health risk among evacuees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nagao
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - K Okazaki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Health Sciences, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Ohira
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H Nakano
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - F Hayashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Shimabukuro
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - A Sakai
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Hosoya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - J J Kazama
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - A Takahashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M Maeda
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H Yabe
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Mind and Brain Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H Ohto
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Yasumura
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng Y, Lin H, Tan H, Liu X. Life's essential 8 metrics and mortality outcomes in insulin resistance: The role of inflammation, vascular aging, and gender. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:131-139. [PMID: 38777424 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) elevates cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risks. Insulin resistance (IR) increases the risk of CVDs and mortality. Recently, the American Heart Association introduced the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) framework to assess cardiovascular health (CVH). However, its impact on mortality in IR populations is unknown. METHODS Analyzing 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we studied 5301 IR adults (≥20 years). LE8 scores were calculated and participants were categorized into low, moderate, and high CVH groups. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and heart age/vascular age (HVA) were measured as potential mediators. Cox models estimated all-cause and CVD mortality hazard ratios (HRs), stratified by LE8 score and sex, and adjusted for covariates. Mediation analyses assessed SII and HVA's indirect effects. This study is an observational cohort study. RESULTS Over a 7.5-year median follow-up, 625 deaths occurred, including 159 CVD-related. Compared to low CVH, moderate and high CVH groups showed reduced all-cause (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.58-0.89; HR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.22-0.67) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.26-0.69; HR = 0.15, 95% CI 0.04-0.57). A 10-point LE8 increase correlated with 15% and 31% reductions in all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. SII and HVA mediated up to 38% and 12% of these effects. The LE8's protective effect was more pronounced in men. CONCLUSION LE8 effectively evaluates CVH and lowers mortality risk in IR adults, partially mediated by SII and HVA. The findings inform clinical practice and public health strategies for CVD prevention in IR populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fominienė VB, Fominaitė M, Sipavičienė S. Physical Activity Knowledge and Personal Habits with Recommendations for Patients: Self-Assessment by Primary Care Physicians. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1131. [PMID: 38891205 PMCID: PMC11172234 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary care physicians (PCPs) should be active and reliable promoters of physical activity (PA), but there is no strong evidence that their knowledge and personal habits contribute to this. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of PA recommendations provided by PCPs to patients in terms of their self-assessed PA knowledge and personal habits. This study used a cross-sectional design and data were collected through a self-reported online questionnaire. The study sample consisted of 202 PCPs from a large Lithuanian city, Kaunas, of which 122 were females (60.4%) and 80 were males (39.6%). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 29 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for Windows. The findings show that the frequency of recommendations related to providing PA to patients is statistically significantly dependent on PCP health-friendly or partially favorable PA habits, their self-assessed level of knowledge about physical activity, and their self-assessed competence related to providing PA recommendations to patients, but this is not statistically dependent on objectively assessed level of knowledge related to PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilija Bitė Fominienė
- Department of Sport and Tourism Management, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto Str. 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Martirija Fominaitė
- Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Saulė Sipavičienė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto Str. 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shawahna R, Jaber M, Zmiro A, Kashkoush S. Factors associated with physical inactivity among Palestinians with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in resource-limited settings. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11256. [PMID: 38755152 PMCID: PMC11099123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study determined the prevalence and the associated factors with meeting the recommended amount of physical activity among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients receiving care in resource-limited settings of the West Bank of Palestine. Physical activity was assessed using the World Health Organization's Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Associations were examined using multivariate logistic regression. Of the 302 patients included, 117 (38.7%) met the recommended amount of physical activity. Being younger than 58 years [aOR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.0-4.3], were employed [aOR = 2.3 (95% CI 1.1-4.9)], had high income [aOR = 3.9 (95% CI 1.3-11.9)], had thought that physical activity was crucial for T2DM patients [aOR = 32.7 (95% CI 3.9-275.5)], did not have comorbidities [aOR = 2.2 (95% CI 1.1-4.4)], had normal weight [aOR = 2.8 (95% CI 1.3-6.0)], and those who were overweight [aOR = 2.6 (95% CI 1.1-6.0)] were more likely to meet the recommended amount of physical activity compared to the patients who were 58 years or older, had low income, did not think that physical activity was crucial for T2DM patients, had comorbidities, and were obese, respectively. There is a need to increase physical activity among T2DM patients in resource limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, New Campus, Building: 19, Office: 1340, Nablus, Palestine.
- Clinical Research Center, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839, Palestine.
| | - Mohammad Jaber
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
- An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839, Palestine
| | - Arob Zmiro
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sewar Kashkoush
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Donovan CM, McNulty B. Living with obesity in Ireland: determinants, policy and future perspectives. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:82-94. [PMID: 38047397 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123004780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence of those living with obesity (≥30 kg/m2) is rising, with this trend expected to continue if firm and decisive policy interventions are not introduced. Across Europe, despite many consecutive policies aiming to reverse rising trends in weight status over recent decades, no country is currently on track to halt and reverse current trends in the coming years. This is evident in Ireland too, whereby the reporting of nationally representative weight status data show that targets have not been achieved since reporting began. The aim of this review is to critically appraise recent evidence relating to the key determinants of obesity including weight status, diet quality and physical activity with an emphasis on socioeconomic inequalities. And to consider these in the context of respective policy measures and propose future-focused recommendations. Furthermore, as with the complex nature of obesity, multifaceted approaches that shift the focus from the individual and place responsibility at a societal level will be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Donovan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B McNulty
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feng Y, Lin H, Tan H, Liu X. Heterogeneity of aging and mortality risk among individuals with hypertension: Insights from phenotypic age and phenotypic age acceleration. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100203. [PMID: 38460315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertension, a key contributor to mortality, is impacted by biological aging. We investigated the relationship between novel biological aging metrics - Phenotypic Age (PA) and Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PAA) - and mortality in individuals with hypertension, exploring the mediating effects of arterial stiffness (estimated Pulse Wave Velocity, ePWV), and Heart/Vascular Age (HVA). METHODS Using data from 62,160 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants (1999-2010), we selected 4,228 individuals with hypertension and computed PA, PAA, HVA, and ePWV. Weighted, multivariable Cox regression analysis yielded Hazard Ratios (HRs) relating PA, PAA to mortality, and mediation roles of ePWV, PAA, HVA were evaluated. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to investigate causality between genetically inferred PAA and hypertension. RESULTS Over a 12-year median follow-up, PA and PAA were tied to increased mortality risks in individuals with hypertension. All-cause mortality hazard ratios per 10-year PA and PAA increments were 1.96 (95% CI, 1.81-2.11) and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.52-1.85), respectively. Cardiovascular mortality HRs were 2.32 (95% CI, 1.97-2.73) and 1.93 (95% CI, 1.65-2.26) for PA and PAA, respectively. ePWV, PAA, and HVA mediated 42%, 30.3%, and 6.9% of PA's impact on mortality, respectively. Mendelian randomization highlighted a causal link between PAA genetics and hypertension (OR = 1.002; 95% CI, 1.000-1.003). CONCLUSION PA and PAA, enhancing cardiovascular risk scores by integrating diverse biomarkers, offer vital insights for aging and mortality evaluation in individuals with hypertension, suggesting avenues for intensified aging mitigation and cardiovascular issue prevention. Validations in varied populations and explorations of underlying mechanisms are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu T, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Li J, Huang Z. Cholesterol mediates the effects of single and multiple environmental phenols in urine on obesity. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:126. [PMID: 38685082 PMCID: PMC11057097 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are among the leading chronic diseases worldwide. Environmental phenols have been renowned as endocrine disruptors that contribute to weight changes; however, the effects of exposure to mixed phenols on obesity are not well established. METHODS Using data from adults in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study examined the individual and combined effects of four phenols on obesity. A combination of traditional logistic regression and two mixed models (weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel-machine regression (BKMR)) were used together to assess the role of phenols in the development of obesity. The potential mediation of cholesterol on these effects was analyzed through a parallel mediation model. RESULTS The results demonstrated that solitary phenols except triclosan were inversely associated with obesity (P-value < 0.05). The WQS index was also negatively correlated with general obesity (β: 0.770, 95% CI: 0.644-0.919, P-value = 0.004) and abdominal obesity (β: 0.781, 95% CI: 0.658-0.928, P-value = 0.004). Consistently, the BKMR model demonstrated the significant joint negative effects of phenols on obesity. The parallel mediation analysis revealed that high-density lipoprotein mediated the effects of all four single phenols on obesity, whereas low-density lipoprotein only mediated the association between benzophenol-3 and obesity. Moreover, Cholesterol acts as a mediator of the association between mixed phenols and obesity. Exposure to single and mixed phenols significantly and negatively correlated with obesity. Cholesterol mediated the association of single and mixed environmental phenols with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Assessing the potential public health risks of mixed phenols helps to incorporate this information into practical health advice and guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women' s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Yuan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Lima AP, Nunes APDOB, Nicoletti CF, Benatti FB. Trend in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obese Adults in São Paulo, Brazil: Analysis between the Years 2006 and 2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:502. [PMID: 38673413 PMCID: PMC11049843 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obese adults in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2006 and 2019 across chronic diseases and the domains of physical activity. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out on the trend in the prevalence of 26.612 overweight and obese adults (10.150 men and 16.462 women). All data analyzed were based on information from the national system for monitoring risk factors called Protective and Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey-VIGITEL. The variables obese and overweight were analyzed in general and stratified by sex, age group, education level, each type of physical activity domain (yes or no), presence of hypertension and diabetes (yes or no), and smoking (yes or no). The prevalence of obesity significantly increased from 11.1% in 2006 to 19.8% in 2019, regardless of age, sex, physical activity practice, and presence of diabetes or hypertension, except for people aged 55-64 y, working people, and smokers. The total prevalence of overweight adults significantly increased overall (from 30.5% in 2006 to 33.4% in 2019) but it significantly increased only in females, in people aged 18-24 y, those who are non-white, those with an education level of 9-11 y, those who are not working, those who are non-smokers, those who did not have diabetes or hypertension, and those who were not physically active during leisure time but physically active at work and at home. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight adults and especially of obese adults living in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) between 2006 and 2019, the latter being observed in nearly every analyzed sub-category, regardless of age, sex, physical activity practice, and presence of diabetes or hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisson Padilha de Lima
- School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo-FMUSP, Sao Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.B.N.); (C.F.N.); (F.B.B.)
- School of Physical Education, Faculty IELUSC, Joinville 89201-270, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti
- School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo-FMUSP, Sao Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.B.N.); (C.F.N.); (F.B.B.)
| | - Fabiana Braga Benatti
- School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo-FMUSP, Sao Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.O.B.N.); (C.F.N.); (F.B.B.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oh JI, Lee KJ, Hipp A. Food deserts exposure, density of fast-food restaurants, and park access: Exploring the association of food and recreation environments with obesity and diabetes using global and local regression models. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301121. [PMID: 38635494 PMCID: PMC11025848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
To prevent obesity and diabetes environmental interventions such as eliminating food deserts, restricting proliferation of food swamps, and improving park access are essential. In the United States, however, studies that examine the food and park access relationship with obesity and diabetes using both global and local regression are lacking. To guide county, state, and federal policy in combating obesity and diabetes, there is a need for cross-scale analyses to identify that relationship at national and local levels. This study applied spatial regression and geographically weighted regression to the 3,108 counties in the contiguous United States. Global regression show food deserts exposure and density of fast-food restaurants have non-significant association with obesity and diabetes while park access has a significant inverse association with both diseases. Geographically weighted regression that takes into account spatial heterogeneity shows that, among southern states that show high prevalence of obesity and diabetes, Alabama and Mississippi stand out as having opportunity to improve park access. Results suggest food deserts exposure are positively associated with obesity and diabetes in counties close to Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee while density of fast-food restaurants show positive association with two diseases in counties of western New York and northwestern Pennsylvania. These findings will help policymakers and public health agencies in determining which geographic areas need to be prioritized when implementing public interventions such as promoting healthy food access, limiting unhealthy food options, and increasing park access.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Oh
- Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - KangJae Jerry Lee
- Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Aaron Hipp
- Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Smith ML, Gelaye B, Tsai AC, Gradus JL. Mediation of the association between depression and coronary heart disease by metabolic syndrome components. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 92:1-7. [PMID: 38341050 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) via a pathway that may be causal, but the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. We assessed the extent to which metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components (i.e., elevated waist circumference, low high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting plasma glucose) may mediate this association. METHODS Data were Framingham Heart Study Research Materials obtained from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) representing the total effect (aHRTE) of probable depression, measured via the Centers for Epidemiological Studies - Depression scale, on incident CHD over approximately 18 years. Using inverse odds ratio weighting, we decomposed this estimate into natural direct effects (aHRNDE) and natural indirect effects (aHRNIE) through potential mediators (measured approximately three years after depression). RESULTS Probable depression was associated with incident CHD (aHRTE=1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93, 2.25), and elevated waist circumference partially mediated this association (aHRNDE=1.34, 95% CI: 0.76-2.32; aHRNIE=1.08, 95% CI: 0.63-1.91). We did not find evidence of additional mediation by additional MetS components. CONCLUSIONS Elevated waist circumference appears to play a role in the association between depression and CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Smith
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States.
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Alexander C Tsai
- Harvard Medical School, United States; Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Global Health and Mongan Institute, United States
| | - Jaimie L Gradus
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eisenberg Y, Hofstra A, Twardzik E. Quantifying active travel among people with disabilities in the US. Disabil Health J 2024:101615. [PMID: 38565481 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with disabilities have higher rates of physical inactivity than people without. Active travel (e.g., walking/wheeling to nearby destinations or transit) is a recommended approach to increasing total physical activity (PA) but limited research has examined active travel among people with disabilities. OBJECTIVE To describe active travel among a nationally representative sample of people with disabilities, analyze variation between sub-groups, and examine factors associated with active travel. METHODS Using the 2017 National Household Travel Survey, our cross-sectional analysis summarized counts and duration of walking/wheeling trips for people with four different types of disabilities. We examined which factors were associated with doing any active travel and the duration of active travel, using zero inflated negative binomial regression models. RESULTS Our analysis identified that 14.55% of people with disabilities took a mean of 2.56 (95%CI = 2.42-2.69) walking/wheeling trips per day. Compared to non-active travelers, a higher proportion of active travelers were low-income, lived alone, had no-vehicle, and were Black or Hispanic. For active travelers, daily walking minutes, on average, were 46.41 (95%CI = 40.25-52.57) among people who used ambulatory devices, 41.55 (95%CI = 24.61-58.49) among people who were blind/low-vision, 39.93 (95%CI = 35.41-44.45) among people who used no device, and 29.58 (95%CI = 23.53-35.64) among people who used chair devices. Our analysis identified individual, household, and community factors associated with the likelihood and duration of walking/wheeling for travel and variation across disability types. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the multiple identities of active travelers with disabilities can inform walking/wheeling intervention strategies. Infrastructure improvements that support less reliance on automobiles could increase active travel among people with disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yochai Eisenberg
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois- Chicago, Chicago, IL, 1640 Roosevelt Road, Chicago, 60608, United States.
| | - Amy Hofstra
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois- Chicago, Chicago, IL, 1640 Roosevelt Road, Chicago, 60608, United States; College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, 412 S. Peoria St., Chicago, 60607, United States.
| | - Erica Twardzik
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vahid F, Dessenne C, Tur JA, Bouzas C, Devaux Y, Malisoux L, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Sureda A, Desai MS, Turner JD, Lamy E, Perez-Jimenez M, Ravn-Haren G, Andersen R, Forberger S, Nagrani R, Ouzzahra Y, Fontefrancesco MF, Onorati MG, Bonetti GG, de-Magistris T, Bohn T. Multicomponent (bio)markers for obesity risk prediction: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e083558. [PMID: 38458803 PMCID: PMC10928751 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite international efforts, the number of individuals struggling with obesity is still increasing. An important aspect of obesity prevention relates to identifying individuals at risk at early stage, allowing for timely risk stratification and initiation of countermeasures. However, obesity is complex and multifactorial by nature, and one isolated (bio)marker is unlikely to enable an optimal risk stratification and prognosis for the individual; rather, a combined set is required. Such a multicomponent interpretation would integrate biomarkers from various domains, such as classical markers (eg, anthropometrics, blood lipids), multiomics (eg, genetics, proteomics, metabolomics), lifestyle and behavioural attributes (eg, diet, physical activity, sleep patterns), psychological traits (mental health status such as depression) and additional host factors (eg, gut microbiota diversity), also by means of advanced interpretation tools such as machine learning. In this paper, we will present a protocol that will be employed for a scoping review that attempts to summarise and map the state-of-the-art in the area of multicomponent (bio)markers related to obesity, focusing on the usability and effectiveness of such biomarkers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Embase databases will be searched using predefined key terms to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English until January 2024. Once downloaded into EndNote for deduplication, CADIMA will be employed to review and select abstracts and full-text articles in a two-step procedure, by two independent reviewers. Data extraction will then be carried out by several independent reviewers. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews and Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies guidelines will be followed. Combinations employing at least two biomarkers from different domains will be mapped and discussed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required; data will rely on published articles. Findings will be published open access in an international peer-reviewed journal. This review will allow guiding future directions for research and public health strategies on obesity prevention, paving the way towards multicomponent interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Coralie Dessenne
- Science Office, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IdISBa & CIBEROBN (ISCIII), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IdISBa & CIBEROBN (ISCIII), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Laurent Malisoux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IdISBa & CIBEROBN (ISCIII), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IdISBa & CIBEROBN (ISCIII), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mahesh S Desai
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jonathan D Turner
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Elsa Lamy
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of Évora, Evora, Portugal, Evora, Portugal
| | - Maria Perez-Jimenez
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of Évora, Evora, Portugal, Evora, Portugal
| | | | - Rikke Andersen
- Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sarah Forberger
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rajini Nagrani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Yacine Ouzzahra
- Science Office, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | | | | | | | - Torsten Bohn
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brittain EL, Han L, Annis J, Master H, Hughes A, Roden DM, Harris PA, Ruderfer DM. Physical Activity and Incident Obesity Across the Spectrum of Genetic Risk for Obesity. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e243821. [PMID: 38536175 PMCID: PMC10973894 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Despite consistent public health recommendations, obesity rates in the US continue to increase. Physical activity recommendations do not account for individual genetic variability, increasing risk of obesity. Objective To use activity, clinical, and genetic data from the All of Us Research Program (AoURP) to explore the association of genetic risk of higher body mass index (BMI) with the level of physical activity needed to reduce incident obesity. Design, Setting, and Participants In this US population-based retrospective cohort study, participants were enrolled in the AoURP between May 1, 2018, and July 1, 2022. Enrollees in the AoURP who were of European ancestry, owned a personal activity tracking device, and did not have obesity up to 6 months into activity tracking were included in the analysis. Exposure Physical activity expressed as daily step counts and a polygenic risk score (PRS) for BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Main Outcome and Measures Incident obesity (BMI ≥30). Results A total of 3124 participants met inclusion criteria. Among 3051 participants with available data, 2216 (73%) were women, and the median age was 52.7 (IQR, 36.4-62.8) years. The total cohort of 3124 participants walked a median of 8326 (IQR, 6499-10 389) steps/d over a median of 5.4 (IQR, 3.4-7.0) years of personal activity tracking. The incidence of obesity over the study period increased from 13% (101 of 781) to 43% (335 of 781) in the lowest and highest PRS quartiles, respectively (P = 1.0 × 10-20). The BMI PRS demonstrated an 81% increase in obesity risk (P = 3.57 × 10-20) while mean step count demonstrated a 43% reduction (P = 5.30 × 10-12) when comparing the 75th and 25th percentiles, respectively. Individuals with a PRS in the 75th percentile would need to walk a mean of 2280 (95% CI, 1680-3310) more steps per day (11 020 total) than those at the 50th percentile to have a comparable risk of obesity. To have a comparable risk of obesity to individuals at the 25th percentile of PRS, those at the 75th percentile with a baseline BMI of 22 would need to walk an additional 3460 steps/d; with a baseline BMI of 24, an additional 4430 steps/d; with a baseline BMI of 26, an additional 5380 steps/d; and with a baseline BMI of 28, an additional 6350 steps/d. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, the association between daily step count and obesity risk across genetic background and baseline BMI were quantified. Population-based recommendations may underestimate physical activity needed to prevent obesity among those at high genetic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan L. Brittain
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Center for Digital Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lide Han
- Center for Digital Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jeffrey Annis
- Vanderbilt Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hiral Master
- Vanderbilt Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Andrew Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dan M. Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul A. Harris
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Douglas M. Ruderfer
- Center for Digital Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paudel S, Mishra GD, Veitch J, Mielke GI, Hesketh KD. Examination of Physical Activity, Organized Sport, and Sitting Time Among Women and Mothers From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:229-237. [PMID: 38086350 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence is available from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities on the association between motherhood and physical activity (PA). This study aimed to examine independent and joint associations of cultural background and motherhood with meeting PA guidelines, participation in organized sports, and high sitting time (>8 h/d). METHODS We used self-reported cross-sectional data from survey 8 of the 1973-1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. PA was measured using the Active Australia Survey while organized sport and sitting time were measured using single items. CALD was defined as being born in a non-English speaking country or primarily speaking a non-English language at home. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to examine independent and joint associations. RESULTS Data from 5967 women (mean age 42.4 [SD 1.5] y, 6.9% CALD, 81.2% mothers) were analyzed. Women of CALD background had lower odds of meeting PA guidelines (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 0.80; 0.64-0.98) and participation in organized sports (0.68; 0.54-0.86), but no statistically significant association with sitting time (0.90; 0.72-1.14). Mothers had lower odds of meeting PA guidelines (0.75; 0.64-0.87) and high sitting time (0.42; 0.36-0.49). Compared with non-CALD women without children, mothers (irrespective of cultural background) were less likely to meet PA guidelines and have high sitting time. The association of "cultural background and motherhood" with organized sports participation was only significant for CALD mothers. CONCLUSIONS Increased efforts and investments are needed to ensure that sports and other PA promotion interventions are culturally sensitive and engaging for CALD women and those with children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Paudel
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregore I Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nyarko SH, Addo IY, Ayebeng C, Dickson KS, Acquah E. Mediating effects of hypertension in association between household wealth disparities and diabetes among women of reproductive age: analysis of eight countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Int Health 2024:ihae013. [PMID: 38321706 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes prevalence appears to be increasing in low- and middle-income countries, yet little is known about how hypertension status mediates the association between household wealth and diabetes. This study examined the mediation effects of hypertension in associations between household wealth and diabetes in eight sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 71 577 women from recent Demographic and Health Surveys for eight SSA countries. Sample-weighted logistic regression and causal mediation analyses were conducted. RESULTS Of the 71 577 women, 1.1% (782) reported ever being diagnosed with diabetes. Women with diabetes were more likely to have hypertension compared with those without diabetes (54.9% vs 9.9%). The odds of diabetes were significantly higher among women with hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.71 [95% confidence interval {CI} 4.62 to 7.05]) and women from rich households (adjusted OR 1.65 [95% CI 1.23 to 2.22]) compared with their respective counterparts. Hypertension status mediated 27.4% of the association between household wealth and diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension status partly contributes to the associations between household wealth disparities and diabetes status among women in the selected countries. Further research and targeted interventions are needed to explore specific mechanisms and confounding factors related to household wealth disparities, hypertension status and diabetes prevalence in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Nyarko
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Isaac Y Addo
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Castro Ayebeng
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Research and Advocacy, Challenging Heights, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Kwamena S Dickson
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Acquah
- Centre for Health Policy and Implementation Research, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li X, Zeng J, Chen B, Fan M, Wang J, Wei L, Ren Y, Xu S. Effects of the Timing of Intense Physical Activity on Hypertension Risk in a General Population: A UK-Biobank Study. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024; 26:81-90. [PMID: 37948020 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It has recently been suggested that the timing of exercise is important in the subsequent development of hypertension. We used the UK Biobank database which prospectively collates data in over 500,000 people aged between 40 and 69 years to determine the relationship between the chronoactivity pattern of exercise and the risk of incident hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS We analyzed data from 70,617 participants with 7-day Axivity AX3 triaxial accelerometry information available. Comparisons were made by a K-means clustering analysis separating groups according to the daily timing of physical activity and intensity. Subgroup, sensitivity analyses, and Cox proportional hazard model were performed. The mean age of the cohort was 61.17 (± 7.89) years with 40.05% men, and there was a mean follow-up of 7.54 (± 1.65) years. Participants were separated into 4 clusters with 6341 developing hypertension. Cluster 1 (early morning physical activity) and Cluster 2 (early morning and later physical activity) had a significantly reduced risk of incident hypertension (adjusted HR 0.870 [95%CI 0.812-0.932) vs. 0.895 [95%CI 0.825-0.972], respectively) when compared with Cluster 3 (physical activity intensity spread evenly throughout the day). Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 cases with High Intensity physical activity had a lower risk of hypertension; however, Low Intensity physical activity in Cluster 1 still reduced the risk of incident hypertension. There was a lower risk of hypertension in Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 in both morning and evening sleep chronotypes. The development of incident hypertension is significantly reduced in those who engage in some level of physical activity earlier in the day. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a global problem with a high economic health burden that has been shown to be a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular, and kidney disease. Our study has used a large maintained UK biological database to determine the impact of physical exercise on reducing the subsequent development of hypertension during follow-up from data provided by more than 70,000 participants. When we segregated patients into clusters of exercise timing, we found that the risk of developing hypertension over time was reduced for patients who performed exercise earlier in the morning than at other times of the day. This benefit was still evident even when the intensity of regular physical activity was low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaying Li
- College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- Center for Clinical Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center for Clinical Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Menglin Fan
- Center for Clinical Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Lingqi Wei
- College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China.
| | - Shaoyong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China.
- Center for Clinical Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arafa A, Yasui Y, Kato Y, Matsumoto C, Kokubo Y. The association between stair climbing and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Suita Study. Environ Health Prev Med 2024; 29:26. [PMID: 38710616 PMCID: PMC11111291 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stair climbing is a readily available form of physical activity with potential cardiovascular benefits. This study aimed to investigate the association between stair climbing and numerous modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we used data from 7282 Japanese people (30-84 years) residing in Suita City, Osaka. CVD risk factors and stair climbing frequency were assessed during the Suita Study health examination. Logistic regressions were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for CVD risk factors across stair climbing frequencies. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, lifestyle, and medical conditions, stair climbing >60% of the time, compared to <20% of the time, was inversely associated with obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and stress: ORs (95% CIs) = 0.63 (0.53, 0.75), 0.81 (0.69, 0.96), 0.48 (0.41, 0.55), and 0.67 (0.58, 0.78), respectively (p-trends < 0.05). CONCLUSION Stair climbing was inversely associated with obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and stress; suggesting a potential role for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Yuka Yasui
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Life and Science, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Kato
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chisa Matsumoto
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Health Surveillance and Preventive Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jaremków A, Markiewicz-Górka I, Hajdusianek W, Czerwińska K, Gać P. The Relationship between Body Composition and Physical Activity Level in Students of Medical Faculties. J Clin Med 2023; 13:50. [PMID: 38202057 PMCID: PMC10780194 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for good health. Markers of health risk include tissue components. This study aimed to indicate which body composition elements create the strongest correlations with physical activity performed in young students of medical faculties. The study group consisted of 75 students (33 men and 42 women) from Wroclaw Medical University. Each student underwent accelerometer and anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis. Both men and women had similar physical activity levels. The study found that the amount of vigorous physical activity correlated significantly with the basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat, water and muscle content, fat-free mass (FFM), bone mass, extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW), and phase angle (PA), with r~ ± (0.2-0.4). The amount of moderate physical activity correlated with body mass, body mass index (BMI), BMR, FFM, and bone mass, with r~0.3-0.5. There are dimorphic differences in the strength of correlations between physical activity and elements of body composition. A greater amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity is associated with greater FFM and bone mass in men, which causes BMI to increase as well (in this case, higher BMI is not a sign of being overweight). For women, the beneficial effect of higher amounts of vigorous physical activity on reducing fat content and increasing muscle mass is more pronounced. In both men and women, an improvement in hydration is evident with increased vigorous physical activity volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paweł Gać
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fang F, Huang Y, Liu Z, Liu X, Huang X. Correlation analysis of central arterial pressure parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36466. [PMID: 38050197 PMCID: PMC10695555 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlation between central arterial pressure (CAP) parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries, understand the value of CAP in assessing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CHD. Between January 2021 and January 2022, 224 patients admitted to our hospital for complete coronary angiography (CAG) were included in this retrospective study. CAP parameters, including central systolic pressure (CSP), diastolic pressure (CDP), and pulse pressure (CPP), and Gensini scores were collected; the association between CAP parameters and the severity of coronary lesions was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and multivariate regression analysis. CPP was significantly higher in the coronary multi-branch lesion group than in the single-branch lesion group in patients with CHD (P < .05). CSP, CDP, and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the low Gensini score group for coronary vascular lesions; furthermore, CSP and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the medium Gensini score group (P < .05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that CSP and CPP were positively and CDP was negatively correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with CHD (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of diabetes, CSP, CDP, and CPP were independent risk factors for severe atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries (P < .05). noninvasive CAP-related indices, such as CSP, CDP, and CPP, are independently correlated with and can be used to predict the severity of coronary lesions in patients with CHD, which may be beneficial for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changde Vocational and Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changde Vocational and Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Changde First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicien, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Orthopedics Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhuzhou City, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Hengyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ibrahim Mssode Ibrahim A, Bourkhime H, Benmaamar S, El Harch I, Otmani N, Mohammed S, Benazzouz B, El Rhazi K. The Double Burden of Obesity and Underweight in Yemeni Adults. Cureus 2023; 15:e50829. [PMID: 38249255 PMCID: PMC10797844 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Yemen has a unique low-income population with several sociopolitical challenges and the association between weight disorders and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors is not clearly understood. AIM The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of obesity, overweight and underweight among Yemeni adults, and to identify their associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from 11 January to 25 March 2020, including 561 subjects of Yemen's adult population aged 18 and above, from four Yemeni governorates, who answered a questionnaire including demographic, socio-economic, and physical activity items after getting their signed consent. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was computed. The association between obesity or overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0kg/m2) or underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) and the other variables was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 561 subjects aged ≥ 18 years have participated in this survey. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight was 10.3%, 95% CI [7.7%; 12.8%] and 20.3%, 95% CI [17%; 23.5%] respectively, while the one for underweight was 21.2%, 95% CI [17.8%; 24.5%]. The risk of overweight-obesity increased with age (OR=1.02, 95% CI (1.01-1.03)), living in urban areas (OR= 1.680, 95% CI (1.105-2.552)) and average-high socioeconomic status (SES) (OR= 1.729, 95% CI (1.156-2.587)) while the risk of underweight decreased with the age (OR= 0.981, 95% CI (0.964-0.998)). CONCLUSION These findings provide a special case of high prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight in Yemen. Therefore, implementing awareness and prevention programs is highly recommended there.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amran Ibrahim Mssode Ibrahim
- Biology and Public Health, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, MAR
- Chemistry and Pollution, Marine Sciences and Biological Research Authority, Al-Hudaydah, YEM
| | - Hind Bourkhime
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Soumaya Benmaamar
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Ibtissam El Harch
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Nada Otmani
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Sawsan Mohammed
- Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, YEM
| | | | - Karima El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gerber M, Filippou K, Knappe F, Morres ID, Tzormpatzakis E, Havas E, Seelig H, Colledge F, Ludyga S, Meier M, Theodorakis Y, von Känel R, Pühse U, Hatzigeorgiadis A. Associations between grip strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk and mental health in forcibly displaced people from a Greek refugee camp. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20970. [PMID: 38017094 PMCID: PMC10684690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular strength represents a specific component of health-related fitness. Hand grip strength is used as a simple and dynamic marker of maximum voluntary force of the hand and to estimate overall strength. Today, little is known about the relationship between grip strength and health in forcibly displaced populations. In the present study, we examined whether grip strength is associated with various health outcomes in a sample of forcibly displaced people living in a Greek refugee camp. The present analyses are part of a larger pragmatic randomized controlled trial. In this paper, cross-sectional baseline data of 143 participants (71 men, 72 women) will be presented. In addition to grip strength, the following physical and mental health outcomes were assessed: body weight and body composition, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose levels (HbA1c), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive and anxiety symptoms, pain, and quality of life. Linear regression analyses were carried out to examine how grip strength is associated with the health outcomes, separately for absolute and normalized grip strength scores. Grip strength was positively and strongly associated with percentage muscle mass (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.58, p < .001), whereas a negative association existed for percentage body fat (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = - 0.58, p < .001). No statistically significant associations occurred between grip strength and the other cardiovascular risk markers. In contrast, we found that participants with higher normalized grip strength reported higher levels of PTSD (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.36, p < .05) and depressive symptoms (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.29, p < .05). No significant association occurred between grip strength, anxiety, pain and quality of life. Measuring grip strength in forcibly displaced people can be a useful way to assess their overall muscle strength. Grip strength tests are easy to implement, and results can be used to assess the effects of specific intervention measures. Nevertheless, our results question the usefulness of grip strength as a marker of cardiovascular health and mental wellbeing in a refugee camp setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Konstantinia Filippou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Florian Knappe
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis D Morres
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Tzormpatzakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Elsa Havas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flora Colledge
- Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Meier
- Interdisciplinary Center for Gender Studies, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yannis Theodorakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ochoa Del-Toro AG, Mitchell-Bennett LA, Machiorlatti M, Robledo CA, Davé AC, Lozoya RN, Reininger BM. Community Exercise Program Participation and Mental Well-Being in the U.S. Texas-Mexico Border Region. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2946. [PMID: 37998438 PMCID: PMC10670961 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispanics are disproportionately affected by low rates of physical activity and high rates of chronic diseases. Hispanics generally and Mexican Americans specifically are underrepresented in research on physical activity and its impact on mental well-being. Some community-based interventions have been effective in increasing physical activity among Hispanics. This study examined data from a sample of low-income Hispanic participants in free community exercise classes to characterize the association between self-reported frequency of exercise class attendance, intensity of physical activity, and participant well-being. As part of two cross-sectional samples recruited from a stratified random sample of community exercise classes, 302 participants completed a questionnaire consisting of a modified version of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ) and the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF). Adjusted logistic regression analyses indicated that those who achieve mild, moderate, and strenuous self-reported physical activity have 130% higher odds (p = 0.0422) of positive mental well-being after adjustment for age, frequency of attendance, and self-reported health. This study provides evidence that the intensity of physical activity is associated with flourishing mental well-being among Hispanic adults. The association between physical activity and mental well-being is more pronounced when considering participants engaged in mild levels of physical activity. The study further provides insight into the planning and development of community-based physical activity programming tailored to low-income populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma G. Ochoa Del-Toro
- Division of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Brownsville, TX 78250, USA (L.A.M.-B.); (A.C.D.); (R.N.L.)
| | - Lisa A. Mitchell-Bennett
- Division of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Brownsville, TX 78250, USA (L.A.M.-B.); (A.C.D.); (R.N.L.)
| | - Michael Machiorlatti
- Department of Population Health and Biostatistics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Harlingen, TX 78550, USA; (M.M.); (C.A.R.)
| | - Candace A. Robledo
- Department of Population Health and Biostatistics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Harlingen, TX 78550, USA; (M.M.); (C.A.R.)
| | - Amanda C. Davé
- Division of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Brownsville, TX 78250, USA (L.A.M.-B.); (A.C.D.); (R.N.L.)
| | - Rebecca N. Lozoya
- Division of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Brownsville, TX 78250, USA (L.A.M.-B.); (A.C.D.); (R.N.L.)
| | - Belinda M. Reininger
- Division of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Brownsville, TX 78250, USA (L.A.M.-B.); (A.C.D.); (R.N.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Khemka S, Reddy A, Garcia RI, Jacobs M, Reddy RP, Roghani AK, Pattoor V, Basu T, Sehar U, Reddy PH. Role of diet and exercise in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and other chronic diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102091. [PMID: 37832608 PMCID: PMC10842571 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. Genetic mutations cause a small proportion (1-2%) of early-onset AD, with mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2). Major contributing factors of late-onset AD are ApoE4 genotype, traumatic brain injury, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, in addition to lifestyle factors, such as unhealthy diet and lack of physical exercise. Disease progression can be delayed and/or prevented to a greater extent by adopting healthy lifestyle with balanced and antioxidant enriched diet and daily exercise. The interaction and interplay of diet, exercise, age, and pharmacological interventions holds a crucial role in the progression, pathogenesis and management of AD and its comorbidities, including diabetes, obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular conditions. Antioxidant enriched diet contributes to brain health, glucose control, weight management, and cardiovascular well-being. Regular exercise removes toxins including free radicals and enhances insulin sensitivity, and supports cardiovascular function. In the current article, we discussed, the role of diet, and exercise in aging, AD and other conditions including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions. This article also highlights the impact of medication, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and pharmacological interventions. These aspects were discussed in different races and ethnic groups in Texas, and the US.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachi Khemka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Aananya Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA
| | - Ricardo Isaiah Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Micheal Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Ruhananhad P Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA
| | - Aryan Kia Roghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Frenship High School, Lubbock, TX 79382, USA
| | - Vasanthkumar Pattoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Tanisha Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department pf Speech, Language and Hearing Services, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Healthy Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yetişsin F, Korkmaz A, Kaya E. In Silico and in Vitro Biological Evaluation of Novel Serial Sulfonate Derivatives on Pancreatic Lipase Activity. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301210. [PMID: 37743258 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The novel benzothiazole sulfonate hybrid derivatives containing azomethine group were synthesized and characterized using 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and HR-MS analysis. The potential enzyme inhibition activities against pancreatic lipase of the novel benzothiazole sulfonate hybrid derivatives containing azomethine group were screened with in vitro and in silico methods. IC50 values of compounds 5 b (23.89 μM), 5 i (28.87 μM), and 5 f (30.13±4.32) were found to be more effective pancreatic lipase inhibitors than orlistat (57.75 μM) in vitro studies. Also, the binding affinities of compounds 5 b (-8.7 kcal/mol), 5 i (-8.6 kcal/mol), and 5 f (-8.9 kcal/mol) were found potential inhibitors for pancreatic lipase in silico studies. In addition, the absorption distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties (ADME), molecular properties, toxicity estimation, and bioactivity scores of the synthesized compounds were scanned. It was found to have the ability to cross the brain-blood barrier for compounds 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, and 5 d. All compounds were calculated to be taken orally as drugs, suitable for absorption in the intestinal tract and not carcinogenic, as well as very strongly bound to plasma proteins. Finally, compound 5 f was observed to be the best inhibitor for pancreatic lipase according to in vitro and in silico studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Yetişsin
- Muş Alparslan University, Technical Sciences Vocational School, 49250, Muş, Turkey
| | - Adem Korkmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, 49250, Muş, Turkey
| | - Esin Kaya
- Faculty of Education, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, 49250, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yeung CHC, Lu J, Soltero EG, Bauer C, Xiao Q. U.S. Adolescent Rest-Activity patterns: insights from functional principal component analysis (NHANES 2011-2014). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:125. [PMID: 37833691 PMCID: PMC10571346 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal rest-activity patterns in adolescence are associated with worse health outcomes in adulthood. Understanding sociodemographic factors associated with rest-activity rhythms may help identify subgroups who may benefit from interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of rest-activity rhythm with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in adolescents. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 adolescents (N = 1814), this study derived rest-activity profiles from 7-day 24-hour accelerometer data using functional principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between participant characteristics and rest-activity profiles. Weekday and weekend specific analyses were performed in addition to the overall analysis. RESULTS Four rest-activity rhythm profiles were identified, which explained a total of 82.7% of variance in the study sample, including (1) High amplitude profile; (2) Early activity window profile; (3) Early activity peak profile; and (4) Prolonged activity/reduced rest window profile. The rest-activity profiles were associated with subgroups of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and household income. On average, older age was associated with a lower value for the high amplitude and early activity window profiles, but a higher value for the early activity peak and prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Compared to boys, girls had a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. When compared to Non-Hispanic White adolescents, Asian showed a lower value for the high amplitude profile, Mexican American group showed a higher value for the early activity window profile, and the Non-Hispanic Black group showed a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Adolescents reported the lowest household income had the lowest average value for the early activity window profile. CONCLUSIONS This study characterized main rest-activity profiles among the US adolescents, and demonstrated that demographic and socioeconomic status factors may shape rest-activity behaviors in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Ho Ching Yeung
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiachen Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica G Soltero
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Services Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Maroto-Rodriguez J, Ortolá R, Carballo-Casla A, Iriarte-Campo V, Salinero-Fort MÁ, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Sotos-Prieto M. Association between a mediterranean lifestyle and Type 2 diabetes incidence: a prospective UK biobank study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:271. [PMID: 37794451 PMCID: PMC10552305 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents type 2 diabetes, but little is known about the role of Mediterranean lifestyles other than diet and among non-Mediterranean populations. This work aimed to examine the association between a comprehensive Mediterranean-type lifestyle and type 2 diabetes incidence in a British adult population. METHODS We used data from 112,493 individuals free of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 40-69 years, from the UK Biobank cohort, who were followed from 2009 to 2010 to 2021. The Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed through the 25-item MEDLIFE index, which comprises three blocks: (a) "Mediterranean food consumption", (b) "Mediterranean dietary habits", (c) "Physical activity, rest, social habits, and conviviality". Diabetes incidence was obtained from clinical records. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to analyze associations and adjusted for the main potential confounders. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 9.4 years, 2,724 cases of type 2 diabetes were ascertained. Compared to the first quartile of MEDLIFE adherence, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for increasing quartiles of adherence were 0.90 (0.82-0.99), 0.80 (0.72-0.89) and 0.70 (0.62-0.79) (p-trend < 0.001). All three blocks of MEDLIFE were independently associated with lower risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to the MEDLIFE index was associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in the UK Biobank. A Mediterranean-type lifestyle, culturally adapted to non-Mediterranean populations, could help prevent diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Maroto-Rodriguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Carballo-Casla
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Víctor Iriarte-Campo
- Foundation for Research and Biomedical Innovation of Primary Care of the Community of Madrid (FIIBAP), Av. de la Reina Victoria, 21, 6ª Planta, Madrid, 28003, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Salinero-Fort
- Foundation for Research and Biomedical Innovation of Primary Care of the Community of Madrid (FIIBAP), Av. de la Reina Victoria, 21, 6ª Planta, Madrid, 28003, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdIPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana, 261, Madrid, 28046, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdIPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana, 261, Madrid, 28046, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- IMDEA-Food Institute. CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. de Canto Blanco 8, E. 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abdeslam EK, Ahmed C, Kamal K, Rachid L, Keltoum B, Soufiane E, Mohamed N, Fatiha C. Physical activity level and sedentary time determinants among Moroccan hypertensive patients. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2023; 72:101607. [PMID: 37269806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2023.101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is closely associated with an inactive lifestyle. Physical activity and/or exercise have been shown to delay the development of hypertension. This study aimed to assess the level of physical activity and sedentary time, and its determinants among Moroccan Hypertensive patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2019 including 680 hypertensive patients. We administered international physical activity questionnaire in face-to-face interview to assess the level of physical activity and sedentary time. RESULTS The results showed that only 43.4% of participants met recommended physical activity levels (≥ 600 MET min/week). Adherence to physical activity recommendations was observed more in male participants (p = 0.035), in participants aged less than 40 years (p = 0.040) and those aged between 41 and 50 years (p = 0.047). The average sedentary time was 37.19 ± 18.92 hours per week. This time was significantly longer in people aged 51 and over, in married, divorced, and widowed people, and in those with low levels of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS The level of physical inactivity and the sedentary time was high. In addition, participants with a high-level sedentary lifestyle had a low level of physical activity. Educational actions should be undertaken among this group of participants to prevent the risks associated with inactivity and sedentary behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- El Kardoudi Abdeslam
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Chetoui Ahmed
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Kaoutar Kamal
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Lotfi Rachid
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Boutahar Keltoum
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Elmoussaoui Soufiane
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco; Mohamed VI Hospital University, BP 2360 Principal, Avenue Ibn Sina, Marrakesh, Morocco.
| | - Najimi Mohamed
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Chigr Fatiha
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Steward IP, Young ES, Dogra SA, Stamp E, Daly-Smith A, Siddique K, Morgan K, Crowther J, Hall J. How to develop young physical activity leaders? A Delphi study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286920. [PMID: 37773961 PMCID: PMC10540972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The International Society for Physical Activity and Health advocates for increased capability of the physical activity workforce as a key ingredient to a system-based approach. Young leader programmes are gaining traction globally as peers are a primary influence on young people and positive role models are important for increasing or maintaining physical activity. Yet, there is limited understanding of 'what works' for training young physical activity leaders. This study aims to develop a consensus on how to identify and support young people to become physical activity leaders. An iterative three-phased mixed methods Delphi consensus approach. A rapid review focused on the feasibility, acceptability and impact of existing young leader physical activity training (phase one); focus groups (n = 3) and interviews (n = 6) with 15 practitioners and young leaders to examine young physical activity leader training needs (phase two); and a three-round questionnaire process (phase three). Stakeholders (n = 43) from across the public, voluntary and education sectors, academics and young leaders completed all questionnaires. A consensus was reached for 75 statements related to: young leader traits prior to and following training, recruitment methods, training content, delivery format and context, relationships, incentives, and skill development. The Delphi process, combining insight from multi-sectoral stakeholders, identified a range of factors that underpin young leader training programmes. These factors should be applied to develop a curriculum and comprehensive training programme to provide young leaders with the required capability to be effective within their roles, and ultimately support an increase in physical activity amongst children and young people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isobel P Steward
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma S Young
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
- Faculties of Life Sciences and Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Sufyan Abid Dogra
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Stamp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Daly-Smith
- Faculties of Life Sciences and Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Applied Education Research, Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Kammy Siddique
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Morgan
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Crowther
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Hall
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
- Faculties of Life Sciences and Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Milhem F, Komarnytsky S. Progression to Obesity: Variations in Patterns of Metabolic Fluxes, Fat Accumulation, and Gastrointestinal Responses. Metabolites 2023; 13:1016. [PMID: 37755296 PMCID: PMC10535155 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder that is remarkably heterogeneous. It presents itself in a variety of phenotypes that can be metabolically unhealthy or healthy, associate with no or multiple metabolic risk factors, gain extreme body weight (super-responders), as well as resist obesity despite the obesogenic environment (non-responders). Progression to obesity is ultimately linked to the overall net energy balance and activity of different metabolic fluxes. This is particularly evident from variations in fatty acids oxidation, metabolic fluxes through the pyruvate-phosphoenolpyruvate-oxaloacetate node, and extracellular accumulation of Krebs cycle metabolites, such as citrate. Patterns of fat accumulation with a focus on visceral and ectopic adipose tissue, microbiome composition, and the immune status of the gastrointestinal tract have emerged as the most promising targets that allow personalization of obesity and warrant further investigations into the critical issue of a wider and long-term weight control. Advances in understanding the biochemistry mechanisms underlying the heterogenous obesity phenotypes are critical to the development of targeted strategies to maintain healthy weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Milhem
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, 317 Airport Road, Amman 11196, Jordan
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Urbanowicz T, Skotak K, Filipiak KJ, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Szczepański K, Wyrwa M, Sikora J, Tykarski A, Jemielity M. Long-Term Exposure of Nitrogen Oxides Air Pollution (NO 2) Impact for Coronary Artery Lesion Progression-Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1376. [PMID: 37763144 PMCID: PMC10532770 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potentially harmful effects of air pollution on the human health have been already presented in epidemiological studies, suggesting a strong association with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate a possible relationship between coronary artery lesion progression related to habitation place (cities vs. villages) and air pollution. METHODS There were 148 (101 men and 47 women) patients with a median age of 70 (63-74) years enrolled into retrospective analysis based on the coronary angiography results and their habitation place. Patients with stable coronary syndrome, who underwent repeated percutaneous coronary interventions were enrolled into the analysis based on demographical and clinical characteristics combined with annual exposure to air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, and NO2). RESULTS The results of multivariable regression analysis showed a significant relationship between coronary artery lesion progression requiring percutaneous intervention and NO2 chronic exposure in patients living in cities of Poland (OR 2.00, 95% CI: 0.41-9.62, p < 0.001). The predictive value of air pollution exposure at habitation place for coronary artery lesion progression requiring percutaneous intervention was evaluated by receiver-operator curve analysis, which revealed an area under the curve of 0.939, yielding a sensitivity of 87.1% and specificity of 90.7%. CONCLUSIONS Coronary artery lesion progression can be related to chronic exposure to NO2 air pollution in patients living in cities in Poland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Krzysztof Skotak
- Institute of Environmental Protection, National Research Institute, 01-045 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Science, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Krystian Szczepański
- Institute of Environmental Protection, National Research Institute, 01-045 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Michał Wyrwa
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Jędrzej Sikora
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Öztürk G, Kolcu M. Are child and parent health behaviors associated with childhood obesity? A descriptive and methodological study. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 72:99-105. [PMID: 37494855 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the relationship between child and parents' health behaviors and childhood obesity. In addition, an adaptation of the Turkish version of the Family Health Behavior Scale (FHBS) was performed in this study. DESIGN AND METHODS This is a descriptive and methodological study. The research sample consisted of 358 parents who have a child between the ages of 5 and 12 studying in one of the seven state schools at the kindergarten, primary, and secondary school levels in Istanbul. Data were collected between February 2022 to May 2022 using the Parent and Child Descriptive Information Form, the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity (FNPA) Screening Tool, and the FHBS. IBM SPSS 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) and SPSS AMOS 21.0 software were used to analyze the data. RESULTS It was found that the confirmatory factor analysis result of FHBS confirmed the original structure of the scale, and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.80. A positive correlation was found between the parents' total scores of FNPA and FHBS (r:0.511, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It is recommended to evaluate the child and their parents holistically in preventing and managing childhood obesity. School health nurses should plan family-centered interventions to improve health behaviors and carry out these interventions with a multidisciplinary team. Moreover, it has been determined that FHBS is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the Turkish population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Öztürk
- Fenerbahçe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Kolcu
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences-Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kyprianidou M, Panagiotakos D, Makris KC, Kambanaros M, Christophi CA, Giannakou K. Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of selected noncommunicable diseases among the general population of Cyprus: A large population-based cross-sectional study. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:222-237. [PMID: 37711870 PMCID: PMC10497820 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of NCDs among the population of Cyprus and to identify the distribution of the socioeconomic and demographic determinants among individuals with the most frequent NCDs. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using stratified sampling. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and the presence of NCDs were collected through a standardized questionnaire. The diseases were classified using the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Results In total, 1140 individuals participated in the study, among whom 590 (51.7%) had at least one chronic disease. The most prevalent NCDs were hyperlipidemia (17.4%), hypertension (12.9%), and thyroid diseases (8.4%). We identified more males than females with hyperlipidemia aged 25-44 years old and >65 years old (p = 0.024), more males compared to females with hypertension (p = 0.001) and more females compared to males with thyroid diseases (p < 0.001). Individuals with hypertension and hyperlipidemia were more likely to be married, to have completed a higher education, and to have a high annual income. Discussion In Cyprus, the majority of the general population had at least one NCD. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and thyroid disease are relatively common, even at younger ages, highlighting the need for the development of public health programs aimed at addressing and preventing NCDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kyprianidou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of SciencesEuropean University CyprusNicosiaCyprus
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public HealthCyprus University of TechnologyLimassolCyprus
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and EducationHarokopio UniversityAthensGreece
| | - Konstantinos C. Makris
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public HealthCyprus University of TechnologyLimassolCyprus
| | - Maria Kambanaros
- Department of Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Costas A. Christophi
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public HealthCyprus University of TechnologyLimassolCyprus
| | - Konstantinos Giannakou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of SciencesEuropean University CyprusNicosiaCyprus
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nehrkorn-Bailey AM, Rodriguez D, Forsyth G, Braun B, Burke K, Diehl M. Change in Views of Aging, Physical Activity, and Physical Health Over 8 Weeks: Results From a Randomized Study. J Aging Phys Act 2023; 31:666-678. [PMID: 36708712 PMCID: PMC10559658 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The AgingPLUS program targets motivational barriers, including negative views of aging, as mechanisms to increase adult physical activity. A pilot study was conducted to test the efficacy of this new program against a generic successful aging program. Fifty-six participants were randomly assigned to the AgingPLUS group, and 60 participants were assigned to the active control group. Repeated-measures multivariate analyses of variance assessed changes in views of aging, physical activity, blood pressure, and hand-grip strength from pretest (Week 0) to delayed posttest (Week 8). The Condition × Occasion interactions were nonsignificant; however, significant main effects for condition and occasion were found. Follow-up tests showed that views of aging were more positive, and physical activity had significantly increased at Week 8 for all participants. In addition, in the treatment group, elevated blood pressure had significantly decreased and hand-grip strength had significantly increased at Week 8. Despite the nonsignificant multivariate findings, the main effect findings provided partial support for the efficacy of the AgingPLUS program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO,USA
| | - Garrett Forsyth
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO,USA
| | - Barry Braun
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO,USA
| | - Kimberly Burke
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO,USA
| | - Manfred Diehl
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO,USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Baxter SLK, Corbie G, Griffin SF. Contextualizing physical activity in rural adults: Do relationships between income inequality, neighborhood environments, and physical activity exist? Health Serv Res 2023; 58 Suppl 2:238-247. [PMID: 37208903 PMCID: PMC10339177 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine if income inequality, social cohesion, and neighborhood walkability are associated with physical activity among rural adults. DATA SOURCE Cross-sectional data came from a telephone survey (August 2020-March 2021) that examined food access, physical activity, and neighborhood environments across rural counties in a southeastern state. STUDY DESIGN Multinomial logistic regression models assessed the likelihood of being active versus inactive and insufficiently active versus inactive in this rural population. Coefficients are presented as relative risk ratios (RRRs). Statistical significance was determined using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All analyses were performed in STATA 16.1. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Trained university students administered the survey. Students verbally obtained consent, read survey items, and recorded responses into Qualtrics software. Upon survey completion, respondents were mailed a $10 incentive card and printed informed consent form. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old and current residents of included counties. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Respondents in neighborhoods with relatively high social cohesion versus low social cohesion were more likely to be active than inactive (RRR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.27-4.90, p < 0.01), after accounting for all other variables in the model. Income inequality and neighborhood walkability were not associated with different levels of physical activity in the rural sample. CONCLUSIONS Study findings contribute to limited knowledge on the relationship between neighborhood environmental contexts and physical activity among rural populations. The health effects of neighborhood social cohesion warrant more attention in health equity research and consideration when developing multilevel interventions to improve the health of rural populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giselle Corbie
- Center for Health Equity Research, School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sarah F. Griffin
- Public Health SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSouth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wirnitzer KC, Motevalli M, Cocca A, Tanous DR, Wirnitzer G, Wagner KH, Schätzer M, Drenowatz C, Ruedl G, Kirschner W. Health behavior of Austrian tertiary students focusing on diet type linked to sports and exercise-first glimpse of results from the "sustainably healthy-from science 2 high school and university" study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1129004. [PMID: 37533531 PMCID: PMC10392833 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a strong association between lifestyle behavior and health status. While young adulthood is a critical period for adopting and stabilizing lifelong healthy behavior, university life is independently associated with psychological stressors that may further affect health and well-being. Objective The present multidisciplinary study aimed to examine the health behavior of Austrian college and university students, differentiated based on diet types (vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous) and physical activity (PA) habits. Methods Following a cross-sectional study design, a total number of 6,148 students (65.3% females; 66.1% bachelor students, 67.0% from urban areas; mean age: 24.8 years) from 52 Austrian college/universities participated in an online survey and provided data on sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, PA habits, and other lifestyle behavior characteristics, including alcohol intake and smoking. Results Across the total sample, 74.0% had a normal weight (BMI = 18.5-25.0 kg/m2), while the prevalence of overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) was lower in females than males and more in rural than urban students (p < 0.01). The general prevalence of vegetarian and vegan diets was 22.8 and 6.0%, respectively, with a predominance of females, graduates, and urban students compared to their peers (p < 0.01). The majority of students (79.3%) had a regular engagement in sport/exercise, with a predominance of vegetarian or vegan students compared to omnivores (p < 0.01). Vegans and vegetarians had a lower alcohol intake (p < 0.01) but no differences in smoking habits (p > 0.05) compared to omnivores. Students engaging in sport/exercise had a lower smoking rate and higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and fluids compared to inactive students (p < 0.01). Conclusion The present findings suggest that diet type and PA habits of college/university students have an impact on other health behaviors, highlighting the interconnected nature of lifestyle habits and health behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C. Wirnitzer
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armando Cocca
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Schätzer
- Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology and Nutrition (SIPCAN), Elsbethen, Austria
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Kirschner
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Guo F, Yan J, Xue X. The relationship between CTA performances and cardiac function indicators in myocardial bridge and mural coronary artery. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:4779-4787. [PMID: 37560240 PMCID: PMC10408538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between computed tomography angiography (CTA) performances and cardiac function indicators in patients with myocardial bridge and mural coronary artery (MB-MCA). METHODS The clinical data of 60 patients with MB-MCA receiving CTA in the First Hospital of Zhangjiakou from January 2021 to February 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into different groups based on CTA performances, including the degree of stenosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) MCA, whether there was atherosclerosis in the anterior segment of MB of LAD branch, the MB thickness, and the degree of stenosis of the LAD branch. The correlation between these TCA performances and cardiac function indicators including end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was analyzed. Besides, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive performance of cardiac function indicators for the severity of MB-MCA. RESULTS ESV, EDV, SV, CO and LVEF were statistically different between the moderate stenosis group and mild stenosis group (all P < 0.05). EDV, SV, CO, and LVEF were statistically different between the atherosclerosis group and non-atherosclerosis group (all P < 0.05). SV, CO, LVEF in the deep group were lower than that in the superficial group (all P < 0.05). EDV, CO, LVEF were different between the LAD moderate stenosis group and LAD mild stenosis group (all P < 0.05). The AUC (areas under the curve) of combined detection of ESV, EDV, SV, CO, and LVEF in predicting the severity of MB-MCA was 0.907, which was higher than the single indicator predictive effect. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac function indicators, mainly CO and LVEF are correlated with the CTA performance of MB-MCA patients. The combination of cardiac function indicators has a good effect in predicting the severity of MB-MCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhen Guo
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of ZhangjiakouZhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Junfen Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Huaao HospitalZhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiubin Xue
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of ZhangjiakouZhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Han L, Annis J, Master H, Hughes A, Roden D, Harris P, Ruderfer D, Brittain E. Quantifying physical activity needed to mitigate genetic risk for obesity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2986582. [PMID: 37333237 PMCID: PMC10275053 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2986582/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite consistent public health recommendations, obesity rates continue to increase. Physical activity (e.g. daily steps) is a well-established modifier of body weight. Genetic background is an important, but typically uncaptured, contributor to obesity risk. Leveraging physical activity, clinical, and genetic data from the All of Us Research Program, we measured the impact of genetic risk of obesity on the level of physical activity needed to reduce incident obesity. For example, we show that an additional 3,310 steps per day (11,910 steps total) would be needed to mitigate a 25% higher than average genetic risk of obesity. We quantify the number of daily steps needed to mitigate obesity risk across the spectrum of genetic risk. This work quantifies the relationship between physical activity and genetic risk showing significant independent effects and provides a first step towards personalized activity recommendations that incorporate genetic information to reduce incident obesity risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lide Han
- VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
| | | | | | | | - Dan Roden
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cleven L, Dziuba A, Krell-Roesch J, Schmidt SCE, Bös K, Jekauc D, Woll A. Longitudinal associations between physical activity and five risk factors of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in Germany. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:82. [PMID: 37098550 PMCID: PMC10131386 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the longitudinal association between (change in) physical activity (PA) with new onset of five risk factors of metabolic syndrome among 657 middle-aged adults (mean age 44.1 (standard deviation (SD) 8.6) years) who were free of the respective outcome at baseline, in a longitudinal cohort study spanning over 29 years. METHODS Levels of habitual PA and sports-related PA were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Incident elevated waist circumference (WC), elevated triglycerides (TG), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterols (HDL), elevated blood pressure (BP), and elevated blood-glucose (BG) were assessed by physicians and by self-reported questionnaires. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratio regressions and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Over time, participants developed (cases of incident risk factor; mean (SD) follow-up time) elevated WC (234 cases; 12.3 (8.2) years), elevated TG (292 cases; 11.1 (7.8) years), reduced HDL (139 cases; 12.4 (8.1) years), elevated BP (185 cases; 11.4 (7.5) years), or elevated BG (47 cases; 14.2 (8.5) years). For PA variables at baseline, risk reductions ranging between 37 and 42% for reduced HDL levels were detected. Furthermore, higher levels of PA (≥ 16.6 METh per week) were associated with a 49% elevated risk for incident elevated BP. Participants who increased PA levels over time, had risk reductions ranging between 38 and 57% for elevated WC, elevated TG and reduced HDL. Participants with stable high amounts of PA from baseline to follow-up had risk reductions ranging between 45 and 87% for incident reduced HDL and elevated BG. CONCLUSIONS PA at baseline, starting PA engagement, maintaining and increasing PA level over time are associated with favorable metabolic health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cleven
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Anna Dziuba
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Sport Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, 60487, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janina Krell-Roesch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen C E Schmidt
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Klaus Bös
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
de Victo ER, Fisberg M, Solé D, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Rigotti A, Cortes LY, Yépez-Garcia MC, Pareja R, Herrera-Cuenca M, Drenowatz C, Christofaro D, Araujo T, Silva D, Ferrari G. Joint Association between Sedentary Time and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with Obesity Risk in Adults from Latin America. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085562. [PMID: 37107844 PMCID: PMC10138536 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown various relationships between physical activity and the incidence of obesity, but this study critically explored the association of sedentary time (ST) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with obesity risk in adults from eight Latin American countries. ST and MVPA were assessed with accelerometers and stratified into 16 joint categories. Multivariate logistic regression models were used. The obesity risk indicators evaluated were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and neck circumference (NC). Quartile 4 of ST and ≥300 min/week of MVPA was associated with lower odds of BMI compared to quartile 1 of ST and ≥300 min/week of MVPA. Quartile 1 of ST and 150-299 min/week of MVPA, quartile 1 of ST and 76-149 min/week MVPA, quartile 3 of ST and 76-149 min/week MVPA, and quartiles 1, 2, and 3 of ST with 0-74 min/week MVPA were associated with higher odds of high WC compared to quartile 1 of ST and ≥300 min/week of MVPA. Quartile 3 of ST and 150-299 min/week of MVPA, quartiles 1 and 3 of ST and 76-149 min/week of MVPA, and quartile 1 of ST and 0-74 min/week MVPA were associated with higher NC compared to quartile 1 of ST and ≥300 min/week of MVPA. This study suggests that achieving the MVPA recommendations will likely protect against obesity, regardless of ST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Rossato de Victo
- Disciplina de Alergia, Imunologia Clínica e Reumatologia do Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Centro de Excelência em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentares (CENDA), Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setubal, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo 01228-200, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-061, Brazil
| | - Dirceu Solé
- Disciplina de Alergia, Imunologia Clínica e Reumatologia do Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107, Argentina
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Lilia Yadira Cortes
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | | | - Rossina Pareja
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima 15026, Peru
| | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Fundación Bengoa, Caracas 1053, Venezuela
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Diego Christofaro
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Timoteo Araujo
- Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, São Paulo 03021-000, Brazil
| | - Danilo Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
de Araujo TA, Oliveira IM, da Silva TGV, da Silva VC, Duarte YADO. Overweight in Older Adults: A Follow-Up of Fifteen Years of the SABE Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5098. [PMID: 36982006 PMCID: PMC10049442 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research on overweight and obesity, there are few studies that present longitudinal statistical analyses among non-institutionalized older adults, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with excess weight in older adults from the same cohort over a period of fifteen years. A total of 264 subjects aged (≥60 years) from the SABE survey (Health, Wellbeing and Aging) in the years 2000, 2006, 2010, and 2015 in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated. Overweight was assessed by a BMI of ≥28 kg/m2. Multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and health data were used to assess factors associated with excess weight. After normal weight, overweight was the most prevalent nutritional status in all evaluated periods: 34.02% in 2000 (95%CI: 28.29-40.26); 34.86% in 2006 (95%CI: 28.77-41.49%); 41.38% in 2010 (95%CI: 35.25-47.79); 33.75% in 2015 (95%CI: 28.02-40.01). Being male was negatively associated with being overweight in all years (OR: 0.34 in 2000; OR: 0.36 in 2006; OR: 0.27 in 2010; and OR: 0.43 in 2015). A greater number of chronic diseases and worse functionality were the main factors associated with overweight, regardless of gender, age, marital status, education, physical activity, and alcohol or tobacco consumption. Older adults with overweight and obesity, a greater number of chronic diseases, and difficulties in carrying out daily tasks required a greater commitment to healthcare. Health services must be prepared to accommodate this rapidly growing population in low- and middle-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Aparecida de Araujo
- Leônidas and Maria Deane Institute, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil
- Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hou FB, Zhang N, Zhu GH, Fan YF, Sun MR, Nie LL, Ge GB, Zheng YJ, Wang P. Functional Imaging and Inhibitor Screening of Human Pancreatic Lipase by a Resorufin-Based Fluorescent Probe. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020283. [PMID: 36832049 PMCID: PMC9953885 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human pancreatic lipase (hPL) is a crucial digestive enzyme responsible for the digestion of dietary lipids in humans, and inhibition of hPL is effective in reducing triglyceride intake, thereby preventing and treating obesity. In this study, a series of fatty acids with different carbon chain lengths were constructed to the fluorophore resorufin based on the substrate preference of hPL. Among them, RLE was found to have the best combination of stability, specificity, sensitivity and reactivity towards hPL. Under physiological conditions, RLE can be rapidly hydrolyzed by hPL and released to resorufin, which triggered approximately 100-fold fluorescence enhancement at 590 nm. RLE was successfully applied for sensing and imaging of endogenous PL in living systems with low cytotoxicity and high imaging resolution. Moreover, a visual high-throughput screening platform was established using RLE, and the inhibitory effects of hundreds of drugs and natural products toward hPL were evaluated. Collectively, this study reports a novel and highly specific enzyme-activatable fluorogenic substrate for hPL that could serve as a powerful tool for monitoring hPL activity in complex biological systems and showcases the potential to explore physiological functions and rapid screening of inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Bin Hou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Guang-Hao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Fan Fan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meng-Ru Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang-Liang Nie
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue-Juan Zheng
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Karihtala T, Valtonen AM, Kautiainen H, Hopsu L, Halonen J, Heinonen A, Puttonen S. Relationship between occupational and leisure-time physical activity and the need for recovery after work. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:17. [PMID: 36759865 PMCID: PMC9912667 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-01017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health benefits of physical activity are very well acknowledged but the role of both occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in recovery after work is not thoroughly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between accelerometer-measured OPA and LTPA and the need for recovery after work (NFR) in early childhood education and care (ECEC) professionals. METHODS The study participants were 217 female ECEC professionals aged 17-64. Physical activity was recorded with a three-axis accelerometer (ActiGraph GT9X Link, ActiGraph, USA) for seven consecutive days. Separate analyses were conducted for both OPA and LTPA and reported as hours/day based on different intensity levels (light, moderate, vigorous, very vigorous). The NFR was measured with the Need For Recovery (NFR) scale (0%-100%). RESULTS Participants' average physical activity for both OPA and LTPA was about 4 h/day, and the mean NFR score was 38.4%. OPA was significantly associated with the NFR but not with LTPA. The relationship remained significant after adjustments for age, body mass index, work ability, mental health status, and sleep difficulties (p < 0.024). CONCLUSION According to this study, the OPA level is related to the level of the NFR in female ECEC professionals. Based on the results, it seems that LTPA has no relevance to the NFR. Results suggest that long-lasting OPA, even without strenuous physical activity at work, may predispose individuals to a high NFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Karihtala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. .,Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anu M. Valtonen
- grid.425628.f0000 0001 1913 4955Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- grid.410705.70000 0004 0628 207XPrimary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland ,grid.428673.c0000 0004 0409 6302Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Janne Halonen
- grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Heinonen
- grid.9681.60000 0001 1013 7965Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sampsa Puttonen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland ,grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cleven L, Syrjanen JA, Geda YE, Christenson LR, Petersen RC, Vassilaki M, Woll A, Krell-Roesch J. Association between physical activity and longitudinal change in body mass index in middle-aged and older adults. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:202. [PMID: 36717834 PMCID: PMC9885704 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In middle-aged and particularly older adults, body mass index (BMI) is associated with various health outcomes. We examined associations between physical activity (PA) and longitudinal BMI change in persons aged ≥ 50 years. METHODS The sample included 5159 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 50 years (50.5% males, mean (SD) age 73.0 (10.2) years at baseline) who were enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA). Participants had information on PA within one year of baseline assessment, BMI at baseline, and potential follow-up assessments (mean (SD) follow-up 4.6 (3.7) years). Linear mixed-effect models were used to calculate the association between PA (moderate-vigorous physical activity, MVPA; and all PA composite score) and the longitudinal change in BMI, adjusted for baseline age, sex, education and medical comorbidities. In addition to interactions between years since baseline and PA, we also included 2- and 3-way interactions with baseline age to further assess whether age modifies the trajectory of BMI over time. RESULTS We observed a decrease in BMI among participants engaging at a mean amount of PA (i.e. , MVPA 2.7; all PA: 6.8) and with a mean age (i.e., 73 years) at baseline (MVPA: estimate = -0.047, 95% CI -0.059, -0.034; all PA: estimate = -0.047, 95% CI -0.060, -0.035), and this decline is accelerated with increasing age. Participants with a mean age (i.e., 73 years) that engage at an increased amount of MVPA or all PA at baseline (i.e., one SD above the mean) do not decrease as fast with regard to BMI (MVPA: estimate = -0.006; all PA: estimate = -0.016), and higher levels of MVPA or all PA at baseline (i.e., two SD above the mean) were even associated with an increase in BMI (MVPA: estimate = 0.035; all PA: estimate = 0.015). Finally, MVPA but not all PA is beneficial at slowing BMI decline with increasing age. CONCLUSION PA, particularly at moderate-vigorous intensity, is associated with slower decline in longitudinal BMI trajectories. This implies that engaging in PA may be beneficial for healthy body weight regulation in middle and late adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cleven
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Jeremy A. Syrjanen
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Yonas E. Geda
- grid.427785.b0000 0001 0664 3531Department of Neurology and the Franke Global Neuroscience Education Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ USA
| | - Luke R. Christenson
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Ronald C. Petersen
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Alexander Woll
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Janina Krell-Roesch
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cardiovascular and renal profiles in rat offspring that do not undergo catch-up growth after exposure to maternal protein restriction. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:426-436. [PMID: 36647740 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maternal protein restriction is often associated with structural and functional sequelae in offspring, particularly affecting growth and renal-cardiovascular function. However, there is little understanding as to whether hypertension and kidney disease occur because of a primary nephron deficit or whether controlling postnatal growth can result in normal renal-cardiovascular phenotypes. To investigate this, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a low-protein (LP, 8.4% protein) or normal-protein (NP, 19.4% protein) diet prior to mating and until offspring were weaned at postnatal day (PN) 21. Offspring were then fed a non 'growth' (4.6% fat) which ensured that catch-up growth did not occur. Offspring growth was determined by weight and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Nephron number was determined at PN21 using the disector-fractionator method. Kidney function was measured at PN180 and PN360 using clearance methods. Blood pressure was measured at PN360 using radio-telemetry. Body weight was similar at PN1, but by PN21 LP offspring were 39% smaller than controls (Pdiet < 0.001). This difference was due to proportional changes in lean muscle, fat, and bone content. LP offspring remained smaller than NP offspring until PN360. In LP offspring, nephron number was 26% less in males and 17% less in females, than NP controls (Pdiet < 0.0004). Kidney function was similar across dietary groups and sexes at PN180 and PN360. Blood pressure was similar in LP and NP offspring at PN360. These findings suggest that remaining on a slow growth trajectory after exposure to a suboptimal intrauterine environment does not lead to the development of kidney dysfunction and hypertension.
Collapse
|
45
|
dos Santos Ferreira Viero V, Matias TS, Alexandrino EG, Vieira YP, Meller FO, Schäfer AA, Dumith SC. Physical activity pattern before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and association with contextual variables of the pandemic in adults and older adults in southern Brazil. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 32:1-9. [PMID: 36532609 PMCID: PMC9745273 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim To compare the physical activity pattern before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and verify the association with contextual, behavioral, and health variables related to the pandemic in adults and older adults from southern Brazil. Subject and methods This is a panel-type, population-based study in Rio Grande-RS and Criciúma-SC, with 4290 individuals. The physical activity pattern (dependent variable) was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-IPAQ. In addition, contextual, behavioral, and health aspects related to the pandemic (independent variables) were assessed by questionnaires. Fisher's exact test was used for bivariate analyses and Poisson regression with robust variance to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results There was a 72% reduction in commuting physical activity and a 145% increase in physical inactivity when compared before and during the pandemic. Social distancing, excessive search for information about COVID-19, fear of the pandemic, and COVID-19 infection were all factors that contributed to the decline in physical activity during the pandemic. The home office was a protective factor for physical inactivity. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the pattern of physical activity in the general population, except for those who switched to working from home. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-022-01789-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanise dos Santos Ferreira Viero
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS CEP: 96203-900 Brazil
- Avenida Getúlio Dorneles Vargas, 1965, bairro Passo dos Fortes, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, SC CEP: 89805-001 Brazil
| | - Thiago Sousa Matias
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC CEP: 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gauze Alexandrino
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS CEP: 96203-900 Brazil
| | - Yohana Pereira Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS CEP: 96203-900 Brazil
| | - Fernanda Oliveira Meller
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC CEP: 88806-000 Brazil
| | - Antônio Augusto Schäfer
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC CEP: 88806-000 Brazil
| | - Samuel Carvalho Dumith
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS CEP: 96203-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Thomas-Dupont P, Velázquez-Soto H, Izaguirre-Hernández IY, Amieva-Balmori M, Triana-Romero A, Islas-Vázquez L, Jiménez-Martínez MDC, Remes-Troche JM. Obesity Contributes to Inflammation in Patients with IBS via Complement Component 3 and C-Reactive Protein. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245227. [PMID: 36558394 PMCID: PMC9781895 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is usually a lifelong state that disturbs the digestive system. IBS has been linked to low-grade inflammation and the release of inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream. This could be associated with the degree of obesity presented by patients with IBS. Reports imply that IBS is more frequent in obese patients than in the overall population, with a prevalence of up to 31%. Here, we evaluated the serum levels of immunological and inflammation molecules and their correlation with Body Mass Index in IBS patients and the healthy control (HC). Seventy-nine serum samples of the IBS patients and thirty-five of the HC group were analyzed to determine the levels of each molecule and compare them with their BMI. Serum levels of C3 and C4 were significantly increased in IBS patients. C3 and C4 levels were higher in IBS-M and IBS-D subtypes compared with the HC group. When patients were grouped by BMI, a positive correlation between serum C3 (r = 0.49, p < 0.0001) and CRP (r = 0.40, p < 0.001) levels was found. Our results show, for the first time, a correlation between immunological molecules and BMI in IBS patients, suggesting that the inflammatory nature of obesity could contribute to the development of the symptoms in IBS through the stimulation and release of proteins as complement components and CRP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Thomas-Dupont
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91700, Mexico
| | - Henry Velázquez-Soto
- Departamento de Inmunología y Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Oftalmología “Conde de Valencia”, Ciudad de México 06800, Mexico
| | | | - Mercedes Amieva-Balmori
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91700, Mexico
| | - Arturo Triana-Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91700, Mexico
| | - Lorenzo Islas-Vázquez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Oftalmología “Conde de Valencia”, Ciudad de México 06800, Mexico
| | - María del Carmen Jiménez-Martínez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Oftalmología “Conde de Valencia”, Ciudad de México 06800, Mexico
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - José María Remes-Troche
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91700, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-228-842-17-00 (ext. 26421)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cleven L, Krell-Roesch J, Schmidt SCE, Dziuba A, Bös K, Jekauc D, Woll A. Longitudinal association between physical activity and the risk of incident metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in Germany. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19424. [PMID: 36371479 PMCID: PMC9653435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the longitudinal association between physical activity (PA) and the risk of incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged, community-dwelling adults, including 591 individuals (314 females; mean (SD) age, 43.8 (8.5) years) who were free of MetS at baseline. Habitual and sports-related PA was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. MetS was defined based on HDL-cholesterols, triglycerides, glucose or HbA1c, blood pressure, and waist circumference. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using regression analyses. Over a mean follow-up of 12.5 years, 205 participants developed incident MetS. Four different sports-related PA measures were associated with a decreased risk of incident MetS: (1) Engaging in ≥ 75 min/week (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.94), (2) maintaining a continuously high amount from baseline to follow-up of ≥ 75 min/week (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.94), (3) starting from < 150 min/week at baseline to ≥ 150 min/week at follow-up (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.94), and (4) increasing from < 16.6 MET-hours/week at baseline to ≥ 16.6 MET-hours/week at follow-up (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.71). Thus, maintaining, starting or increasing sports-related PA is associated with a lower risk of incident MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cleven
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Janina Krell-Roesch
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen C. E. Schmidt
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anna Dziuba
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, 60487 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Bös
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Darko Jekauc
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- grid.7892.40000 0001 0075 5874Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
VH-4-A Bioactive Peptide from Soybean and Exercise Training Constrict Hypertension in Rats through Activating Cell Survival and AMPKα1, Sirt1, PGC1α, and FoX3α. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227705. [PMID: 36431802 PMCID: PMC9693070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic disease related to age, which affects tens of millions of people around the world. It is an important risk factor that causes myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and kidney damage. Bioactive peptide VHVV (VH-4) from soybean has shown several biological activities. Physical exercise is a cornerstone of non-pharmacologic treatment for hypertension and has established itself as an effective and complementary strategy for managing hypertension. The present study evaluates the efficacy of VH-4 supplement and swimming exercise training in preventing hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR animals were treated with VH-4 (25 mg/kg by intraperitoneal administration) and swimming exercise (1 h daily) for eight weeks, and the hemodynamic parameters, histology, and cell survival pathway protein expression were examined. In SHR rats, increased heart weight, blood pressure, and histological aberrations were observed. Cell survival protein p-PI3K and p-AKT and antiapoptosis proteins Bcl2 and Bcl-XL expression decreased in SHR animals. SIRT1 and FOXO3 were decreased in hypertensive rats. Both bioactive peptide VH-4 treatment and swimming exercise training in hypertensive rats increased the cell survival proteins p-PI3K and p-AKT and AMPKα1, Sirt1, PGC1α, and FoX3α proteins. Soy peptide VH-4, along with exercise, acts synergistically and prevents hypertension by activating cell survival and AMPKα1, Sirt1, PGC1α, and FoX3α proteins.
Collapse
|
49
|
Lee GY, Kim KO, Ryu JH, Park SH, Chung HR, Butler M. Exploring Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in Korean Older Patients with Hypertension: Photovoice Inquiry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14020. [PMID: 36360900 PMCID: PMC9655165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted to explore the barriers to physical activity of older patients with Hypertension. It aimed to provide robust evidence produced through their eyes. First, through the data analysis of the accelerometer and the decision of the research team, 10 out of the 30 applicants were invited to participate in a photovoice study. Photovoice is one example of participatory action research. Photovoice participants can communicate their unique experiences through photographs, providing a highly realistic and authentic perspective that is not possible to be understood with traditional qualitative research. This study inductively identified four main themes; health illiteracy, distortion of health information, fear of physical activity, and rejection of any life changes. Based on a specific understanding of the population's perception of physical activity, this study attempted to provide evidence of why many elderly Korean patients with Hypertension stay inactive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Young Lee
- Department of Gerokinesiology, Kyungil University, Kyungsan 38428, Korea
| | - Kyung-O Kim
- Department of Gerokinesiology, Kyungil University, Kyungsan 38428, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeong Ryu
- Chungbuk Boeun Naebuk Public Health Center, Boen 28917, Korea
| | | | - Hae-Ryong Chung
- Health and Fitness Management, College of Health, Clayton State University, Morrow, GA 30260, USA
| | - Marcia Butler
- Health Care Management, College of Health, Clayton State University, Morrow, GA 30260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jang YS, Joo HJ, Jung YH, Park EC, Jang SY. Association of the "Weekend Warrior" and Other Physical Activity Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome in the South Korean Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013434. [PMID: 36294014 PMCID: PMC9603538 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
These days, it is not common for people to have time to do physical activities regularly because of their own work. So, they perform physical activities all at once, which is often called the "weekend warrior". Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association of the "weekend warrior" and other physical activity patterns with metabolic syndrome. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 27,788 participants were included. The participants were divided into inactive, weekend warriors, and regularly active based on physical activity patterns. The risk of metabolic syndrome in each group was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The inactive and weekend warrior groups showed a higher likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome than the regularly active groups (weekend warrior: odds ratio (OR) 1.29, confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.65; inactive: OR 1.38, CI 1.25-1.53). According to the physical activity patterns, the weekend warrior group showed a dose-response relationship compared to the regularly active group (only moderate: OR 1.85, CI 1.25-2.72; only vigorous: OR 1.41, CI 0.93-2.14; both: OR 0.84, CI 0.56-1.27). This study found increasing the amount of physical activity and performing vigorous-intensity physical activity helped manage metabolic syndrome in the weekend warrior group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Seo Jang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Joo
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yun Hwa Jung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Suk-Yong Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Healthcare Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|