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Schoissengeier V, Maqboul L, Weber D, Grune T, Bürkle A, Moreno-Villaneuva M, Franceschi C, Capri M, Bernhard J, Toussaint O, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Weinberger B, Gonos ES, Sikora E, Dollé M, Jansen E, Slagboom PE, Hervonnen A, Hurme M, Breusing N, Frank J, Bulmer AC, Wagner KH. Association between bilirubin and biomarkers of metabolic health and oxidative stress in the MARK-AGE cohort. iScience 2024; 27:110234. [PMID: 39021797 PMCID: PMC11253506 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that elevated concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) may be a protective host factor against the development of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), whereas low levels of UCB are associated with the opposite effect. The results of this European study, in which 2,489 samples were tested for their UCB concentration using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and additional data from the MARK-AGE database were used for analysis, provide further evidence that elevated UCB concentrations are linked to a lower risk of developing NCDs and may act as a predictive marker of biological aging as individuals with elevated UCB concentrations showed favorable outcomes in metabolic health and oxidative-stress-related biomarkers. These findings underline the significance of studying individuals with moderate hyperbilirubinemia and investigate UCB routinely, also in the setting of aging, since this condition affects millions of people worldwide but has been underrepresented in clinical research and practice until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Schoissengeier
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lina Maqboul
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Food4Future (F4F), c/o Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Moreno-Villaneuva
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine and Institute of Information Technology, Mathematics and Mechanics, Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky State University, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center - Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Birgit Weinberger
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Efstathios S. Gonos
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Laboratory of the Molecular Bases of Ageing, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martijn Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Eugène Jansen
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Antti Hervonnen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mikko Hurme
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- Department of Applied Nutritional Science/Dietetics, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Frank
- Department of Food Biofunctionality, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andrew C. Bulmer
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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Murthy VL, Mosley JD, Perry AS, Jacobs DR, Tanriverdi K, Zhao S, Sawicki KT, Carnethon M, Wilkins JT, Nayor M, Das S, Abel ED, Freedman JE, Clish CB, Shah RV. Metabolic liability for weight gain in early adulthood. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101548. [PMID: 38703763 PMCID: PMC11148768 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
While weight gain is associated with a host of chronic illnesses, efforts in obesity have relied on single "snapshots" of body mass index (BMI) to guide genetic and molecular discovery. Here, we study >2,000 young adults with metabolomics and proteomics to identify a metabolic liability to weight gain in early adulthood. Using longitudinal regression and penalized regression, we identify a metabolic signature for weight liability, associated with a 2.6% (2.0%-3.2%, p = 7.5 × 10-19) gain in BMI over ≈20 years per SD higher score, after comprehensive adjustment. Identified molecules specified mechanisms of weight gain, including hunger and appetite regulation, energy expenditure, gut microbial metabolism, and host interaction with external exposure. Integration of longitudinal and concurrent measures in regression with Mendelian randomization highlights the complexity of metabolic regulation of weight gain, suggesting caution in interpretation of epidemiologic or genetic effect estimates traditionally used in metabolic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh L Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan D Mosley
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew S Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kahraman Tanriverdi
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Nayor
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane E Freedman
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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3
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Li S, Lin Y, Jones D, Walker DI, Duarte Folle A, Del Rosario I, Yu Y, Zhang K, Keener AM, Bronstein J, Ritz B, Paul KC. Untargeted serum metabolic profiling of diabetes mellitus among Parkinson's disease patients. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:100. [PMID: 38730245 PMCID: PMC11087477 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common comorbidity among Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Yet, little is known about dysregulated pathways that are unique in PD patients with T2DM. We applied high-resolution metabolomic profiling in serum samples of 636 PD and 253 non-PD participants recruited from Central California. We conducted an initial discovery metabolome-wide association and pathway enrichment analysis. After adjusting for multiple testing, in positive (or negative) ion mode, 30 (25) metabolic features were associated with T2DM in both PD and non-PD participants, 162 (108) only in PD participants, and 32 (7) only in non-PD participants. Pathway enrichment analysis identified 17 enriched pathways associated with T2DM in both the PD and non-PD participants, 26 pathways only in PD participants, and 5 pathways only in non-PD participants. Several amino acid, nucleic acids, and fatty acid metabolisms were associated with T2DM only in the PD patient group suggesting a possible link between PD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Li
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuyuan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dean Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aline Duarte Folle
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Irish Del Rosario
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yu Yu
- Center for Health Policy Research, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keren Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrienne M Keener
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeff Bronstein
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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4
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Nikouei M, Cheraghi M, Ghaempanah F, Kohneposhi P, Saniee N, Hemmatpour S, Moradi Y. The association between bilirubin levels, and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 10:1. [PMID: 38195551 PMCID: PMC10777508 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-023-00159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between plasma bilirubin levels and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus across all populations. METHODS Several databases were searched, including PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase (Elsevier), to identify relevant cohort studies. All cohort studies that reported the risk ratio along with a 95% confidence interval were included. The association between bilirubin levels and metabolic syndrome or diabetes was reported as a pooled RR with a 95% CI in the forest plot. All analyses were conducted using STATA version 17, with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Out of the 10 studies included in the analysis, four investigated the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the incidence of type 2 diabetes. When these four studies were combined, the pooled RR was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.83; I2: 88.61%; P heterogeneity < 0.001), indicating a significant association between hyperbilirubinemia and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Five of the 10 studies evaluated the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the incidence of metabolic syndrome, and the pooled RR was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.73; I2: 78.13%; P heterogeneity < 0.001), indicating a significant association between hyperbilirubinemia and decreased risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that elevated levels of bilirubin may have a significant protective effect against the development of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Nikouei
- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Saniee
- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Sirous Hemmatpour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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5
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Martinez GJ, Appleton M, Kipp ZA, Loria AS, Min B, Hinds TD. Glucocorticoids, their uses, sexual dimorphisms, and diseases: new concepts, mechanisms, and discoveries. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:473-532. [PMID: 37732829 PMCID: PMC11281820 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The normal stress response in humans is governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis through heightened mechanisms during stress, raising blood levels of the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol. Glucocorticoids are quintessential compounds that balance the proper functioning of numerous systems in the mammalian body. They are also generated synthetically and are the preeminent therapy for inflammatory diseases. They act by binding to the nuclear receptor transcription factor glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which has two main isoforms (GRα and GRβ). Our classical understanding of glucocorticoid signaling is from the GRα isoform, which binds the hormone, whereas GRβ has no known ligands. With glucocorticoids being involved in many physiological and cellular processes, even small disruptions in their release via the HPA axis, or changes in GR isoform expression, can have dire ramifications on health. Long-term chronic glucocorticoid therapy can lead to a glucocorticoid-resistant state, and we deliberate how this impacts disease treatment. Chronic glucocorticoid treatment can lead to noticeable side effects such as weight gain, adiposity, diabetes, and others that we discuss in detail. There are sexually dimorphic responses to glucocorticoids, and women tend to have a more hyperresponsive HPA axis than men. This review summarizes our understanding of glucocorticoids and critically analyzes the GR isoforms and their beneficial and deleterious mechanisms and the sexual differences that cause a dichotomy in responses. We also discuss the future of glucocorticoid therapy and propose a new concept of dual GR isoform agonist and postulate why activating both isoforms may prevent glucocorticoid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genesee J Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Malik Appleton
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Zachary A Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Analia S Loria
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
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6
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Zhou R, Zhang L, Sun Y, Yan J, Jiang H. Association of urinary bisphenols with oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and their role in obesity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115546. [PMID: 37827096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes are widely used in daily life. Animal and cell line experiments have confirmed the effects of bisphenols on oxidative stress and inflammation. However, current population evidence for the effects of BPA alternatives, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), on oxidative stress and inflammation is still sparse. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016 data, our study used linear regression, weighted quantile sum model, and Bayesian kernel machine regression model to evaluate the effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF alone and in combination on oxidative stress (serum total bilirubin, and iron) and inflammation (alkaline phosphatase, C-reactive protein, γ-glutamyl transferase ferritin, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) markers. On this basis, the possible roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity, which is associated with exposure to bisphenols (BPs), were initially explored. Based on the different covariates selected, a total of 3039 and 2258 participants were included in our study for models 1 and 2, respectively; the median age of participants was 48 years, and 48.7 % were male. Based on all models, our results showed that exposure to BPs alone or in combination was associated with downregulation of serum total bilirubin. Urinary BPF concentration was specifically associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Serum total bilirubin may play a role in the association between obesity and BP mixture exposure. Upregulation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was not associated with obesity. In conclusion, our study found that single or combined exposure to BPs, as measured in urine, may be associated with changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and a decrease in serum total bilirubin may play a mediating role in BP-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Abstract
Gilbert's syndrome, also known as benign hyperbilirubinaemia, was described more than 100 years ago. It has usually been considered a physiological abnormality characterised by a mild elevation of the systemic level of unconjugated bilirubin, in the absence of any underlying liver or overt haemolytic disease. However, since the re-discovery of the potent antioxidant effects of bilirubin in the late 1980s, as well as multiple intracellular signalling pathways affected by bilirubin, an ever-increasing body of evidence suggests that individuals with Gilbert's syndrome may benefit from the mild hyperbilirubinaemia and are actually protected from the development of a wide variety of "diseases of civilisation" such as cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and autoimmune or neurodegenerative diseases. This review analyses the current state of medical knowledge given recent discoveries in this rapidly developing field, as well as their possible clinical significance, and provides a new perspective on this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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8
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Ye B, Zhang J, Tan Z, Chen J, Pan X, Zhou Y, Wang W, Liu L, Zhu W, Sun Y, Ning K, Xie Q, Liu R. Association of liver function with health-related physical fitness: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1797. [PMID: 37715140 PMCID: PMC10503162 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, by analyzing the correlation between various components of health-related physical fitness (HPF) and liver function indicators, the indicators of physical fitness that were highly correlated with liver function and could be monitored at home were screened to prevent more serious liver disease in the future, and to provide experimental basis for prescribing personalized exercise. METHODS A total of 330 faculties (female = 198) of a university were recruited. The indicators of HPF and liver function were measured. Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression, and cross-lagged panel model was used to data statistics. RESULTS In males, body fat (BF) was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT); vital capacity and the vital capacity index were positively correlated with albumin; and vertical jump was positively correlated with globulin and negatively correlated with the albumin-globulin ratio (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation among all indicators controlled confounding factors. In females, BF was negatively correlated with direct bilirubin; VO2max was positively correlated with indirect bilirubin; and vertical jump was positively correlated with the albumin-globulin ratio and significantly negatively correlated with globulin (P < 0.05). Controlled confounding factors, body fat percentage was positively correlated with globulin (β = 0.174) and negatively correlated with direct bilirubin (β = -0.431), and VO2max was positively correlated with indirect bilirubin (β = 0.238, P < 0.05). Cross-lagged panel analysis showed that BF percentage can negatively predict direct bilirubin levels with great significance (β = -0.055, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS HPF may play a crucial role in liver function screening, particularly for female faculty members. For males, BF, vertical jump, vital capacity and vital capacity index could be associated with liver function but are susceptible to complex factors such as age, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. In females, BF percentage is an important predictor of abnormal liver function in addition to VO2max and vertical jump, which are not affected by complex factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ye
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zeyu Tan
- Department of Life Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jiangang Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinliang Pan
- School of Kinesiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanwan Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longlong Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenfei Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuliang Sun
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Ning
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Xie
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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9
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Ullah A, Stankevic E, Holm LA, Stinson SE, Juel HB, Fonvig CE, Lund MAV, Trier C, Engelbrechtsen L, Ängquist L, Jonsson AE, Pedersen O, Grarup N, Holm JC, Hansen T. Genetics of Plasma Bilirubin and Associations between Bilirubin and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in Danish Children and Adolescents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1613. [PMID: 37627608 PMCID: PMC10451688 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin is the end product of heme catabolism, mainly produced by the breakdown of mature red blood cells. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antilipemic properties, circulating bilirubin concentrations are inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality in adults. Some genetic loci associated with circulating bilirubin concentrations have been identified by genome-wide association studies in adults. We aimed to examine the relationship between circulating bilirubin, cardiometabolic risk factors, and inflammation in children and adolescents and the genetic architecture of plasma bilirubin concentrations. We measured fasting plasma bilirubin, cardiometabolic risk factors, and inflammatory markers in a sample of Danish children and adolescents with overweight or obesity (n = 1530) and in a population-based sample (n = 1820) of Danish children and adolescents. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the associations between bilirubin, cardiometabolic risk factors, and inflammatory markers. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fasting plasma concentrations of bilirubin was performed in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity and in a population-based sample. Bilirubin is associated inversely and significantly with a number of cardiometabolic risk factors, including body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS), waist circumference, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, and the majority of measured inflammatory markers. In contrast, bilirubin was positively associated with fasting plasma concentrations of alanine transaminase (ALT), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SDS), and the inflammatory markers GH, PTX3, THBS2, TNFRSF9, PGF, PAPPA, GT, CCL23, CX3CL1, SCF, and TRANCE. The GWAS showed that two loci were positively associated with plasma bilirubin concentrations at a p-value threshold of <5 × 10-8 (rs76999922: β = -0.65 SD; p = 4.3 × 10-8, and rs887829: β = 0.78 SD; p = 2.9 × 10-247). Approximately 25% of the variance in plasma bilirubin concentration was explained by rs887829. The rs887829 was not significantly associated with any of the mentioned cardiometabolic risk factors except for hs-CRP. Our findings suggest that plasma concentrations of bilirubin non-causally associates with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Evelina Stankevic
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Louise Aas Holm
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Holbæk Hospital, 4300 Holbæk, Denmark; (M.A.V.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Sara E. Stinson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Helene Bæk Juel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Cilius E. Fonvig
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Holbæk Hospital, 4300 Holbæk, Denmark; (M.A.V.L.); (C.T.)
- The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten A. V. Lund
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Holbæk Hospital, 4300 Holbæk, Denmark; (M.A.V.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Cæcilie Trier
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Holbæk Hospital, 4300 Holbæk, Denmark; (M.A.V.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Line Engelbrechtsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Lars Ängquist
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Anna E. Jonsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
- Clinical Center for Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, 2900 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Holbæk Hospital, 4300 Holbæk, Denmark; (M.A.V.L.); (C.T.)
- The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark or (A.U.); (E.S.); (L.A.H.); (S.E.S.); (H.B.J.); (C.E.F.); (L.E.); (L.Ä.); (A.E.J.); (O.P.); (N.G.)
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10
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Cui Y, Wu C, Li L, shi H, Li C, Yin S. Toward nanotechnology-enabled application of bilirubin in the treatment and diagnosis of various civilization diseases. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100658. [PMID: 37214553 PMCID: PMC10196858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin, an open chain tetrapyrrole, has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-suppressive, metabolic-modulating and anti-proliferative activities. Bilirubin is a natural molecule that is produced and metabolized within the human body, making it highly biocompatible and well suited for clinical use. However, the use of bilirubin has been hampered by its poor water solubility and instability. With advanced construction strategies, bilirubin-derived nanoparticles (BRNPs) have not only overcome the disadvantages of bilirubin but also enhanced its therapeutic effects by targeting damaged tissues, passing through physiological barriers, and ensuring controlled sustained release. We review the mechanisms underlying the biological activities of bilirubin, BRNP preparation strategies and BRNP applications in various disease models. Based on their superior performance, BRNPs require further exploration of their efficacy, biodistribution and long-term biosafety in nonhuman primate models that recapitulate human disease to promote their clinical translation.
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11
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Yu YJ, Li ZC, Tian JL, Hao CJ, Kuang HX, Dong CY, Zhou Y, Wu QZ, Gong YC, Xiang MD, Chen XC, Yang X, Dong GH. Why Do People Gain Belly Fat in Rural Areas? A Study of Urinary Metal(loid)s and Abdominal Obesity in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7938-7949. [PMID: 37202343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is prevalent in rural areas of China, and there are inconsistent findings regarding the association between metal(loid) exposure and the risk of obesity. Abdominal obesity (AOB), which reflects visceral fat abnormity, is a crucial factor in studying obesity-related diseases. We conducted a study measuring 20 urinary metal(loid)s, 13 health indicators, and the waist circumference (WC) in 1849 participants from 10 rural areas of China to investigate their relationships. In the single exposure models, we found that urinary chromium (Cr) was significantly associated with the odds of having AOB [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.81 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24, 2.60)]. In the mixture exposure models, urinary Cr consistently emerged as the top contributor to AOB, while the overall effect of mixed metal(loid)s was positive toward the odds of having AOB [adjusted OR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.77)], as revealed from the quantile g-computation model. After adjusting for the effects of other metal(loid)s, we found that the elevation of apolipoprotein B and systolic blood pressure significantly mediated the association between urinary Cr and the odds of having AOB by 9.7 and 19.4%, respectively. Our results suggest that exposure to metal(loid)s is a key factor contributing to the prevalence of AOB and WC gain in rural areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Zhen-Chi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jing-Lin Tian
- Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chao-Jie Hao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Kuang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Chen-Yin Dong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Qi-Zhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan-Chen Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ming-Deng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xi-Chao Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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12
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Vitek L, Hinds TD, Stec DE, Tiribelli C. The physiology of bilirubin: health and disease equilibrium. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:315-328. [PMID: 36828710 PMCID: PMC10023336 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin has several physiological functions, both beneficial and harmful. In addition to reactive oxygen species-scavenging activities, bilirubin has potent immunosuppressive effects associated with long-term pathophysiological sequelae. It has been recently recognized as a hormone with endocrine actions and interconnected effects on various cellular signaling pathways. Current studies show that bilirubin also decreases adiposity and prevents metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. All in all, the physiological importance of bilirubin is only now coming to light, and strategies for increasing plasma bilirubin levels to combat chronic diseases are starting to be considered. This review discusses the beneficial effects of increasing plasma bilirubin, incorporates emerging areas of bilirubin biology, and provides key concepts to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vitek
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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13
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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D, Reed TT. Cellular Stress Response (Hormesis) in Response to Bioactive Nutraceuticals with Relevance to Alzheimer Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:643-669. [PMID: 36656673 PMCID: PMC10025851 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia associated with aging. As the large Baby Boomer population ages, risk of developing AD increases significantly, and this portion of the population will increase significantly over the next several decades. Recent Advances: Research suggests that a delay in the age of onset by 5 years can dramatically decrease both the incidence and cost of AD. In this review, the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AD is examined in the context of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) and the beneficial potential of selected bioactive nutraceuticals. Critical Issues: Nrf2, a transcription factor that binds to enhancer sequences in antioxidant response elements (ARE) of DNA, is significantly decreased in AD brain. Downstream targets of Nrf2 include, among other proteins, HO-1. BVR-A is activated when biliverdin is produced. Both HO-1 and BVR-A also are oxidatively or nitrosatively modified in AD brain and in its earlier stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), contributing to the oxidative stress, altered insulin signaling, and cellular damage observed in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Bioactive nutraceuticals exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties and are potential topics of future clinical research. Specifically, ferulic acid ethyl ester, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and resveratrol target Nrf2 and have shown potential to delay the progression of AD in animal models and in some studies involving MCI patients. Future Directions: Understanding the regulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets can potentially elucidate therapeutic options for delaying the progression of AD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 643-669.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio, USA
| | - Tanea T. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, USA
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14
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Darmadi D, Pakpahan C, Ruslie RH, Amanda B, Ibrahim R. The sex life of male patients with cirrhosis and its organic factors: What we have got so far? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280915. [PMID: 36730272 PMCID: PMC9894452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the sex lives of male cirrhotic patients organic factors affect them. METHOD We did an observational study of 220 cirrhotic men's satisfaction with their sexual lives. Assessment of sex satisfaction was carried out using the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale. The frequency of intercourse and masturbation was estimated. Then, the levels of albumin, total bilirubin, vitamin D, and sex steroids were examined. Ascites and sarcopenia subgroups of our patients were stratified. RESULTS Along with sex steroids, albumin, total bilirubin, and vitamin D all had an impact on how satisfying sex was (r = 0.22), (r = 0.24), and (r = -0.17) affected sex satisfaction. There were strong positive correlations between vitamin D (r = 0.33), albumin (r = 0.59), and free testosterone, along with a negative correlation between total bilirubin (r = -0.63) and free testosterone. An imbalance in sex steroid levels was observed, leading to decreased frequency of intercourse(p < 0.0001), weakened erections(p < 0.0001), and reduced quality of orgasm (p < 0.0001). Significant new sex behavior changes were found, such as an increase in masturbation. Physical limitations such as ascites and sarcopenia also impacted the decreasing sex life. CONCLUSION The sex life of cirrhotic men is affected. The decrease in the frequency of intercourse and sexual satisfaction is noticeable in male patients and leads to increased masturbation. Free Testosterone, vitamin D, albumin, and bilirubin play role in their sex life. In addition, ascites and sarcopenia not only affect their sex life but also hamper the quality of their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darmadi Darmadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Cennikon Pakpahan
- Faculty of Medicine, Andrology Study Program, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Riska Habriel Ruslie
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child Health, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Bella Amanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Andrology Study Program, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Raditya Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Andrology Study Program, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Kipp ZA, Martinez GJ, Bates EA, Maharramov AB, Flight RM, Moseley HNB, Morris AJ, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin Nanoparticle Treatment in Obese Mice Inhibits Hepatic Ceramide Production and Remodels Liver Fat Content. Metabolites 2023; 13:215. [PMID: 36837834 PMCID: PMC9965094 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have indicated that increasing plasma bilirubin levels might be useful for preventing and treating hepatic lipid accumulation that occurs with metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. We have previously demonstrated that mice with hyperbilirubinemia had significantly less lipid accumulation in a diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model. However, bilirubin's effects on individual lipid species are currently unknown. Therefore, we used liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) to determine the hepatic lipid composition of obese mice with NAFLD treated with bilirubin nanoparticles or vehicle control. We placed the mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks and then treated them with bilirubin nanoparticles or vehicle control for 4 weeks while maintaining the HFD. Bilirubin nanoparticles suppressed hepatic fat content overall. After analyzing the lipidomics data, we determined that bilirubin inhibited the accumulation of ceramides in the liver. The bilirubin nanoparticles significantly lowered the hepatic expression of two essential enzymes that regulate ceramide production, Sgpl1 and Degs1. Our results demonstrate that the bilirubin nanoparticles improve hepatic fat content by reducing ceramide production, remodeling the liver fat content, and improving overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Genesee J Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Evelyn A Bates
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Agil B Maharramov
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Robert M Flight
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Hunter N B Moseley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Healthy Kentucky Research Building, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
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16
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Zhou Z, Zhang A, Liu X, Yang Y, Zhao R, Jia Y. m 6A-Mediated PPARA Translational Suppression Contributes to Corticosterone-Induced Visceral Fat Deposition in Chickens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415761. [PMID: 36555401 PMCID: PMC9779672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess fat deposition in broilers leads to great economic losses and is harmful to consumers' health. Chronic stress in the life cycle of chickens could be an important trigger. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, 30-day-old chickens were subcutaneously injected with 2 mg/kg corticosterone (CORT) twice a day for 14 days to simulate long-term stress. It was shown that chronic CORT exposure significantly increased plasma triglyceride concentrations and enlarged the adipocyte sizes in chickens. Meanwhile, chronic CORT administration significantly enlarged the adipocyte sizes, increased the protein contents of FASN and decreased HSL, ATGL, Beclin1 and PPARA protein levels. Moreover, global m6A methylations were significantly reduced and accompanied by downregulated METTL3 and YTHDF2 protein expression by CORT treatment. Interestingly, the significant differences of site-specific m6A demethylation were observed in exon7 of PPARA mRNA. Additionally, a mutation of the m6A site in the PPARA gene fused GFP and revealed that demethylated RRACH in PPARA CDS impaired protein translation in vitro. In conclusion, these results indicated that m6A-mediated PPARA translational suppression contributes to CORT-induced visceral fat deposition in chickens, which may provide a new target for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Aijia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-2584396413; Fax: +86-2584398669
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17
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Haidari F, Elahikhah M, Shariful Islam SM, Mohammadshahi M, Shahbazian H, Aghamohammadi V. Effects of milk protein concentrate supplementation on metabolic parameters, adipocytokines and body composition in obese women under weight-loss diet: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064727. [PMID: 36202586 PMCID: PMC9540842 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity impairs metabolic function and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Evidence suggests that high-protein diets help to increase weight loss and protect against weight gain. Milk protein concentrate (MPC) is a dairy product with a high protein content with a ratio of casein and whey protein similar to skim milk. This trial aims to evaluate the effect of MPC supplementation in obese women under a weight-loss diet. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a 2-month open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of MPC supplementation on levels of glycaemic and lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, appetite, waist circumference, body mass index and body composition in 44 premenopausal obese women on a weight-loss diet. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol, approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, is in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (approval number: IR.AJUMS.REC.1399.795). The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20201223049804N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Haidari
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition and Metabolic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Elahikhah
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Majid Mohammadshahi
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition and Metabolic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hajieh Shahbazian
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ding DF, Xue Y, Wu XC, Zhu ZH, Ding JY, Song YJ, Xu XL, Xu JG. Recent Advances in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Responsive Polyfunctional Nanosystems 3.0 for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5009-5026. [PMID: 36072777 PMCID: PMC9443071 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s373898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory and degenerative joint disease with severe effects on individuals, society, and the economy that affects millions of elderly people around the world. To date, there are no effective treatments for OA; however, there are some treatments that slow or prevent its progression. Polyfunctional nanosystems have many advantages, such as controlled release, targeted therapy and high loading rate, and have been widely used in OA treatment. Previous mechanistic studies have revealed that inflammation and ROS are interrelated, and a large number of studies have demonstrated that ROS play an important role in different types of OA development. In this review article, we summarize third-generation ROS-sensitive nanomaterials that scavenge excessive ROS from chondrocytes and osteoclasts in vivo. We only focus on polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) and do not review the effects of drug-loaded or heavy metal NPs. Mounting evidence suggests that polyfunctional nanosystems will be a promising therapeutic strategy in OA therapy due to their unique characteristics of being sensitive to changes in the internal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Fang Ding
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xue
- Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Centre), Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Chen Wu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Heng Zhu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ying Ding
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jia Song
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiao-Ling Xu, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 8 Shuren Street, Hangzhou, 310015, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Jian-Guang Xu, Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China, Email
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19
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Inoguchi T, Okui T, Nojiri C, Eto E, Hasuzawa N, Inoguchi Y, Ochi K, Takashi Y, Hiyama F, Nishida D, Umeda F, Yamauchi T, Kawanami D, Kobayashi K, Nomura M, Nakashima N. A simplified prediction model for end-stage kidney disease in patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12482. [PMID: 35864124 PMCID: PMC9304378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a simplified model for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with diabetes. The cohort included 2549 individuals who were followed up at Kyushu University Hospital (Japan) between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. The outcome was a composite of ESKD, defined as an eGFR < 15 mL min−1 [1.73 m]−2, dialysis, or renal transplantation. The mean follow-up was 5.6 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\pm$$\end{document}± 3.7 years, and ESKD occurred in 176 (6.2%) individuals. Both a machine learning random forest model and a Cox proportional hazard model selected eGFR, proteinuria, hemoglobin A1c, serum albumin levels, and serum bilirubin levels in a descending order as the most important predictors among 20 baseline variables. A model using eGFR, proteinuria and hemoglobin A1c showed a relatively good performance in discrimination (C-statistic: 0.842) and calibration (Nam and D’Agostino \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\chi$$\end{document}χ2 statistic: 22.4). Adding serum albumin and bilirubin levels to the model further improved it, and a model using 5 variables showed the best performance in the predictive ability (C-statistic: 0.895, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\chi$$\end{document}χ2 statistic: 7.7). The accuracy of this model was validated in an external cohort (n = 5153). This novel simplified prediction model may be clinically useful for predicting ESKD in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoshi Inoguchi
- Fukuoka City Health Promotion Support Center, Fukuoka City Medical Association, Maizuru 2-5-1, Chuou-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0073, Japan. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Tasuku Okui
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Nojiri
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Erina Eto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan, Saga, 840-8571, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Inoguchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ochi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, 818-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Fujiyo Hiyama
- Carna Health Support, Co., Ltd., Fukuoka, 810-0054, Japan
| | | | - Fumio Umeda
- Yukuhashi Central Hospital, Yukuhashi, 824-0031, Japan
| | | | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, 818-8502, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakashima
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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20
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Fang S, Wade KH, Hughes DA, Fitzgibbon S, Yip V, Timpson NJ, Corbin LJ. A multivariant recall-by-genotype study of the metabolomic signature of BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1298-1310. [PMID: 35598895 PMCID: PMC9324973 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study estimated the effect of BMI on circulating metabolites in young adults using a recall-by-genotype study design. METHODS A recall-by-genotype study was implemented in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Samples from 756 participants were selected for untargeted metabolomics analysis based on low versus high genetic liability for higher BMI defined by a genetic risk score (GRS). Regression analyses were performed to investigate associations between BMI GRS group and relative abundance of 973 metabolites. RESULTS After correction for multiple testing, 29 metabolites were associated with BMI GRS group. Bilirubin was among the most strongly associated metabolites, with reduced levels measured in individuals in the high-BMI GRS group (β = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.18, Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p = 0.005). This study observed associations between BMI GRS group and the levels of several potentially diet-related metabolites, including hippurate, which had lower mean abundance in individuals in the high-BMI GRS group (β = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.44 to -0.15, Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Together with existing literature, these results suggest that a genetic predisposition to higher BMI captures differences in metabolism leading to adiposity gain. In the absence of prospective data, separating these effects from the downstream consequences of weight gain is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Fang
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Kaitlin H. Wade
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - David A. Hughes
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Sophie Fitzgibbon
- Bristol Bioresource LaboratoriesPopulation Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Vikki Yip
- Bristol Bioresource LaboratoriesPopulation Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Laura J. Corbin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health ScienceBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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21
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Christakoudi S, Riboli E, Evangelou E, Tsilidis KK. Associations of body shape index (ABSI) and hip index with liver, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers in the UK Biobank cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8812. [PMID: 35614088 PMCID: PMC9133113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations of liver, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers in blood with body shape are unclear, because waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) are dependent on overall body size, resulting in bias. We have used the allometric "a body shape index" (ABSI = WC(mm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-2/3[Formula: see text]Height(m)5/6) and hip index (HIwomen = HC(cm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-0.482[Formula: see text]Height(cm)0.310, HImen = HC(cm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-2/5[Formula: see text]Height(cm)1/5), which are independent of body mass index (BMI) by design, in multivariable linear regression models for 121,879 UK Biobank men and 135,559 women. Glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lymphocytes were associated positively with BMI and ABSI but inversely with HI. High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1 were associated inversely with BMI and ABSI but positively with HI. Lipid-related biomarkers and ALT were associated only with HI in obese men. C-reactive protein, neutrophils, monocytes, and alkaline phosphatase were associated positively, while bilirubin was associated inversely, with BMI and ABSI but not with HI. Associations were consistent within the clinical reference ranges but were lost or changed direction for low or high biomarker levels. Our study confirms associations with waist and hip size, independent of BMI, for metabolic biomarkers but only with waist size for inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting different contribution of the mechanistic pathways related to body shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK. .,Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK.,Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK.,Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
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22
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A Journey into the Clinical Relevance of Heme Oxygenase 1 for Human Inflammatory Disease and Viral Clearance: Why Does It Matter on the COVID-19 Scene? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020276. [PMID: 35204159 PMCID: PMC8868141 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, exerting a cytoprotective role by its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions. HO-1 and its end products, biliverdin, carbon monoxide and free iron (Fe2+), confer cytoprotection against inflammatory and oxidative injury. Additionally, HO-1 exerts antiviral properties against a diverse range of viral infections by interfering with replication or activating the interferon (IFN) pathway. Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are characterized by systemic hyperinflammation, which, in some cases, leads to severe or fatal symptoms as a consequence of respiratory failure, lung and heart damage, kidney failure, and nervous system complications. This review summarizes the current research on the protective role of HO-1 in inflammatory diseases and against a wide range of viral infections, positioning HO-1 as an attractive target to ameliorate clinical manifestations during COVID-19.
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23
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Antioxidants as Immunomodulators in Exercise: Implications for Heme Oxygenase and Bilirubin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020179. [PMID: 35204062 PMCID: PMC8868548 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is commonly prescribed as a lifestyle treatment for chronic metabolic diseases as it functions as an insulin sensitizer, cardio-protectant, and essential lifestyle tool for effective weight maintenance. Exercise boosts the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent transient oxidative damage, which also upregulates counterbalancing endogenous antioxidants to protect from ROS-induced damage and inflammation. Exercise elevates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and biliverdin reductase A (BVRA) expression as built-in protective mechanisms, which produce the most potent antioxidant, bilirubin. Together, these mitigate inflammation and adiposity. Moderately raising plasma bilirubin protects in two ways: (1) via its antioxidant capacity to reduce ROS and inflammation, and (2) its newly defined function as a hormone that activates the nuclear receptor transcription factor PPARα. It is now understood that increasing plasma bilirubin can also drive metabolic adaptions, which improve deleterious outcomes of weight gain and obesity, such as inflammation, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this review is to describe the function of bilirubin as an antioxidant and metabolic hormone and how the HO-1-BVRA-bilirubin-PPARα axis influences inflammation, metabolic function and interacts with exercise to improve outcomes of weight management.
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24
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Wu Y, Wan Q, Xu Y, Li J, Li K, Zhang Z, Tang Q, Miao Y, Yan P. Lower Visceral Fat Area in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3639-3654. [PMID: 36439295 PMCID: PMC9694982 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s388330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is preliminary evidence that visceral fat area (VFA) was associated with the presence of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in the Korean population; however, no studies have reported the association in Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible correlation of VFA with DPN in such a population. METHODS A total of 2498 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergone VFA measurement, and were divided into DPN group (n=900) and non-DPN group (n=1594). The association of VFA with the presence of DPN was evaluated by correlation and multiple logistic regression analyses, generalized additive model with a smooth curve fitting, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The VFA was significantly lower in the DPN group than in the non-DPN group (P < 0.001). VFA was significantly and positively associated with sural nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and amplitude potential (SNAP) and negatively associated with the presence of DPN (all P< 0.001); there was no significant difference in the curve fitting (P = 0.344). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of presence of DPN decreased progressively across the VFA quartiles (P for trend < 0.001) and was significantly lower in patients in the highest VFA quartile than in those in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.382, 95% CI 0.151-0.968, P< 0.001) after multivariate adjustment. The ROC analysis revealed that the best cut-off value of VFA for predicting the presence of DPN was 50.5cm2 (sensitivity 84.40%; specificity 34.00%). CONCLUSION These results suggest that lower VFA level may be associated with increased risk of the presence of DPN in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pijun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Pijun Yan, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-830-3165361, Email
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25
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Garrett L, Da Silva-Buttkus P, Rathkolb B, Gerlini R, Becker L, Sanz-Moreno A, Seisenberger C, Zimprich A, Aguilar-Pimentel A, Amarie OV, Cho YL, Kraiger M, Spielmann N, Calzada-Wack J, Marschall S, Busch D, Schmitt-Weber C, Wolf E, Wurst W, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hölter SM, de Angelis MH. Post-synaptic scaffold protein TANC2 in psychiatric and somatic disease risk. Dis Model Mech 2021; 15:273891. [PMID: 34964047 PMCID: PMC8906171 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the shared genetic aetiology of psychiatric and medical comorbidity in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) could improve patient diagnosis, stratification and treatment options. Rare tetratricopeptide repeat, ankyrin repeat and coiled-coil containing 2 (TANC2)-disrupting variants were disease causing in NDD patients. The post-synaptic scaffold protein TANC2 is essential for dendrite formation in synaptic plasticity and plays an unclarified but critical role in development. We here report a novel homozygous-viable Tanc2-disrupted function model in which mutant mice were hyperactive and had impaired sensorimotor gating consistent with NDD patient psychiatric endophenotypes. Yet, a multi-systemic analysis revealed the pleiotropic effects of Tanc2 outside the brain, such as growth failure and hepatocellular damage. This was associated with aberrant liver function including altered hepatocellular metabolism. Integrative analysis indicates that these disrupted Tanc2 systemic effects relate to interaction with Hippo developmental signalling pathway proteins and will increase the risk for comorbid somatic disease. This highlights how NDD gene pleiotropy can augment medical comorbidity susceptibility, underscoring the benefit of holistic NDD patient diagnosis and treatment for which large-scale preclinical functional genomics can provide complementary pleiotropic gene function information. Summary: Disruption of mouse Tanc2 causes brain and liver abnormality, increasing psychiatric and somatic disease risk long term, highlighting the benefit of holistic diagnosis and treatment approaches for human neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Garrett
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia Da Silva-Buttkus
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Raffaele Gerlini
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Sanz-Moreno
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Seisenberger
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Zimprich
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oana V Amarie
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yi-Li Cho
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Kraiger
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Spielmann
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susan Marschall
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmitt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität München, and Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.,Deutsches Institut für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Site Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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26
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Wei Y, Liu C, Lai F, Dong S, Chen H, Chen L, Shi L, Zhu F, Zhang C, Lv X, Peng S, Hao G. Associations between serum total bilirubin, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:143. [PMID: 34876211 PMCID: PMC8650363 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to examine the cross-sectional association between serum total bilirubin (STB) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the general population, and whether obesity could moderate this association. METHODS We used data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), including a total of 38,641 US adult participants who were 18 years or older. The STB was classified as the low, moderate, and high groups according to tertiles. RESULTS We found that participants with lower STB had a significantly higher risk of T2D than those with moderate (OR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.74, 0.89; P < 0.001) and high (OR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.59, 0.73; P < 0.001) STB. Also, a significant interaction between body mass index (BMI) and STB on T2D was observed (P < 0.001). Stratified analysis showed that low STB was associated with a 20% and 27% decrease of T2D risk for moderate and high STB groups in obese patients, however, these effect estimates were smaller in the population with lower BMI (< 30 kg/m2). Similar associations of STB with glycohemoglobin and insulin resistance were observed. CONCLUSION This study suggests that STB is associated with an elevated risk of T2D. More importantly, we reported for the first time that BMI may moderate the association between bilirubin and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wei
- Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fangfang Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shan Dong
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Endemic Disease, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li Chen
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Liping Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fengfeng Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Chuangbiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuang Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guang Hao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 601 West Huangpu Ave, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Juan Z, Qing Z, Yongping L, Qian L, Wu W, Wen Y, Tong J, Ding B. Probiotics for the Treatment of Docetaxel-Related Weight Gain of Breast Cancer Patients-A Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial. Front Nutr 2021; 8:762929. [PMID: 34926547 PMCID: PMC8675585 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.762929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Docetaxel is an important chemotherapy-agent for breast cancer treatment. One of its side-effects is weight gain, which increases the all-cause mortality rate. Considering gut microbiota is one important factor for weight regulation, we hypothesized that probiotics could be potentially used to reduce the docetaxel-related weight gain in breast cancer patients. Methods: From 10/8/2018 to 10/17/2019, 100 breast cancer (Stage I-III) patients underwent four cycles of docetaxel-based chemotherapy were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Enterococcus faecalis) or placebo (supplementary material of the probiotics capsule) treatment for 84 days with three capsules per time, twice/day. The primary outcome: the changes in body weight and body-fat percentage of the patients were measured by a designated physician using a fat analyzer, and the secondary outcomes: the fasting insulin, plasma glucose, and lipids were directly obtained from the Hospital Information System (HIS); The metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); The fecal microbiome was analyzed using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence. All indicators were measured 1 day before the first cycle of docetaxel-based chemotherapy and 21 days after the last cycle of docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Results: Compared with the placebo group, the probiotic group showed significantly smaller changes in body weight (Mean [SD] 0.77 [2.58] vs. 2.70 [3.08], P = 0.03), body-fat percentage (Mean [SD] 0.04 [1.14] vs. 3.86 [11.09], P = 0.02), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (Mean [SD]-0.05[0.68] vs. 0.39 [0.58], P = 0.002). Moreover, five of the 340 detected plasma metabolites showed significant differences between the two groups. The change of biliverdin dihydrochloride (B = -0.724, P = 0.02) was inverse correlated with weight gain. One strain of the phylum and three strains of the genus were detected to be significantly different between the two groups. Also, the changes of Bacteroides (B = -0.917, P < 0.001) and Anaerostipes (B = -0.894, P < 0.001) were inverse correlated with the change of LDL. Conclusions: Probiotics supplement during docetaxel-based chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment may help to reduce the increase in body weight, body-fat percentage, plasma LDL, and minimize the metabolic changes and gut dysbacteriosis. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=24294, ChiCTR-INQ-17014181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Juan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhang Qing
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Yongping
- Department of Medical Imaging (Ultrasound), Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Liyuan Qian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanguang Wen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianbin Tong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Boni Ding
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Žiberna L, Jenko-Pražnikar Z, Petelin A. Serum Bilirubin Levels in Overweight and Obese Individuals: The Importance of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Responses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091352. [PMID: 34572984 PMCID: PMC8472302 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic condition involving low-grade inflammation and increased oxidative stress; thus, obese and overweight people have lower values of serum bilirubin. Essentially, bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant molecule with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antithrombotic, and endocrine properties. This review paper presents the interplay between obesity-related pathological processes and bilirubin, with a focus on adipose tissue and adipokines. We discuss potential strategies to mildly increase serum bilirubin levels in obese patients as an adjunctive therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovro Žiberna
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | | | - Ana Petelin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-5-66-2469
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Wang C, Jin C, Yin X, Liu J, Liu J. Relationship between serum bilirubin concentration and sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211004226. [PMID: 33779353 PMCID: PMC8010833 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211004226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of sarcopenia is high in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia in diabetes. Bilirubin has been shown to possess anti-oxidative activity. We aimed to explore the relationship between bilirubin and sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 251 patients (124 men and 127 postmenopausal women) with T2DM, aged ≥50 years, participated in a cross-sectional study. The serum concentrations of bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were measured. Muscle mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS TBIL and IBIL were positively associated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in men, but not in women. After adjustment for multiple factors in multiple linear regression analysis, TBIL and IBIL were also significantly associated with SMI in men. In multiple logistic regression analysis, participants in the highest quartile of IBIL demonstrated a lower odds ratio for sarcopenia in men. CONCLUSIONS Both TBIL and IBIL are positively associated with muscle mass in men with T2DM. Furthermore, IBIL may protect against sarcopenia in men with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jidong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
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Park HM, Kim H, Lee HS, Lee YJ. Inverse association between serum bilirubin level and testosterone deficiency in middle-aged and older men. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8026. [PMID: 33850200 PMCID: PMC8044079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Low serum bilirubin levels have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome. Testosterone deficiency could also contribute to increased risk of CVD and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between serum bilirubin level and testosterone deficiency in 1284 Korean men aged 45 to 70 years. Serum bilirubin level was categorized into quartiles: Q1 ≤ 0.7, Q2 0.8-0.9, Q3 1.0-1.1, and Q4 ≥ 1.2 mg/dL. Testosterone deficiency was defined as level less than 8.0 nmol/L, as suggested by the position statement of International Society of Andrology. The overall prevalence of testosterone deficiency was 5.8% and significantly decreased with the quartiles from Q1 to Q4. Compared with the referent fourth quartile (serum bilirubin ≥ 1.2 mg/dL), the ORs (95% CIs) for testosterone deficiency was 2.29 (1.04-4.94) for the first quartile after adjusting for age, fasting glucose, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, smoking status, and alcohol intake. We found inversely graded associations of serum bilirubin level with testosterone deficiency. These findings suggest that low bilirubin level may be interpreted as a state of testosterone deficiency in middle-aged and older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, Cha University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyoung Kim
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yao ME, Su MY, Huang Y, Chen W. Physiologically increased total bilirubin is associated with reduced risk of first myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis and dose-response analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1016-1026. [PMID: 33612380 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Bilirubin has potential predictive and prognostic value for myocardial infarction (MI), but the clinical evidence remains controversial. We performed this meta-analysis to systematically quantify the relationships between circulating bilirubin levels and the incidence of MI and post-MI adverse events. DATA SYNTHESIS We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases for ad-hoc studies, published up to October 17, 2020, recording bilirubin before MI (predictive analyses) or adverse events (prognostic analyses). Relative risks (RR) were pooled by a random-effects model. The dose-response analysis was conducted by restricted cubic splines. In patients without previous MI, increased total bilirubin (TB) reduced the risk of long-term (>3 year) first MI by 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69-0.88, n = 4). The dose-response analysis indicated that the RR for first MI decreased by 2.7% per each 2 μmol/L increment of TB (three studies, 95% CI: 1.3%-4.1%, P < 0.001), with a cut-off value of 12.60 μmol/L for RR > 1.00. Elevated bilirubin reduced the incidence of first and recurrent MI by 36% (95% CI: 0.42-0.98, n = 7). However, after suffering MI, higher TB concentrations could not decrease the risk of recurrent MI (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.67-1.55, n = 5) and increased the incidence of short-term (<1 year) post-MI major adverse cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality, but not long-term (≥1 year). CONCLUSION Higher TB levels within a physiological range reduced the incidence of long-term first MI, with a cut-off value of 12.60 μmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-En Yao
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.725, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-TechPark, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mei-Yi Su
- Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.232, Outer-ring East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.111, Dade Road, Yue-Xiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.725, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-TechPark, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.725, South Wanping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Khurana I, Allawadhi P, Khurana A, Srivastava AK, Navik U, Banothu AK, Bharani KK. Can bilirubin nanomedicine become a hope for the management of COVID-19? Med Hypotheses 2021; 149:110534. [PMID: 33640714 PMCID: PMC7881296 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin has been proven to possess significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral activities. Recently, it has been postulated as a metabolic hormone. Further, moderately higher levels of bilirubin are positively associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity. However, due to poor solubility the therapeutic delivery of bilirubin remains a challenge. Nanotechnology offers unique advantages which may be exploited for improved delivery of bilirubin to the target organ with reduced risk of systemic toxicity. Herein, we postulate the use of intravenous administration or inhalational delivery of bilirubin nanomedicine (BNM) to combat systemic dysfunctions associated with COVID-19, owing to the remarkable preclinical efficacy and optimistic results of various clinical studies of bilirubin in non-communicable disorders. BNM may be used to harness the proven preclinical pharmacological efficacy of bilirubin against COVID-19 related systemic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Khurana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Amit Khurana
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India.
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Kudo K, Inoue T, Sonoda N, Ogawa Y, Inoguchi T. Relationship between serum bilirubin levels, urinary biopyrrin levels, and retinopathy in patients with diabetes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243407. [PMID: 33571217 PMCID: PMC7877782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous reports have indicated that serum bilirubin levels may be associated with diabetic retinopathy. However, the detailed mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the severity of diabetic retinopathy and various factors including bilirubin levels and factors influencing bilirubin metabolism. Methods The study participants consisted of 94 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to Kyushu University Hospital from April 2011 to July 2012. The patients were classified into three groups: no retinopathy (NDR), simple retinopathy (SDR), and pre-proliferative or proliferative retinopathy (PDR). The relationship between the severity of retinopathy and various factors was evaluated using univariate and logistic regression analyses. In addition, multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the significant determinants for bilirubin levels. Results In univariate analysis, a significant difference was found among NDR, SDR and PDR in bilirubin levels, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and macroalbuminuria. Logistic regression analysis showed that PDR was significantly associated with bilirubin levels, duration of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure (OR 0.737, 95% CI 0.570–0.952, P = 0.012; OR 1.085, 95% CI 1.024–1.149, P = 0.006; OR 1.036, 95% CI 1.011–1.062, P = 0.005, respectively). In turn, multivariate regression analysis showed that bilirubin levels were negatively associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and PDR, but positively correlated with urinary biopyrrin levels, oxidized metabolites of bilirubin. Conclusion PDR was negatively associated with bilirubin levels. This negative association may be due to a decreased production of bilirubin rather than its increased consumption considering the positive association between bilirubin and biopyrrin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Kudo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Inoue
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sonoda
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toyoshi Inoguchi
- Fukuoka City Health Promotion Support Center, Fukuoka City Medical Association, Fukuoka City, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin as a metabolic hormone: the physiological relevance of low levels. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E191-E207. [PMID: 33284088 PMCID: PMC8260361 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00405.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on bilirubin, a historically well-known waste product of heme catabolism, suggests an entirely new function as a metabolic hormone that drives gene transcription by nuclear receptors. Studies are now revealing that low plasma bilirubin levels, defined as "hypobilirubinemia," are a possible new pathology analogous to the other end of the spectrum of extreme hyperbilirubinemia seen in patients with jaundice and liver dysfunction. Hypobilirubinemia is most commonly seen in patients with metabolic dysfunction, which may lead to cardiovascular complications and possibly stroke. We address the clinical significance of low bilirubin levels. A better understanding of bilirubin's hormonal function may explain why hypobilirubinemia might be deleterious. We present mechanisms by which bilirubin may be protective at mildly elevated levels and research directions that could generate treatment possibilities for patients with hypobilirubinemia, such as targeting of pathways that regulate its production or turnover or the newly designed bilirubin nanoparticles. Our review here calls for a shift in the perspective of an old molecule that could benefit millions of patients with hypobilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
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Hinds TD, Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DF, Donald MC, Stec DE. Bilirubin Nanoparticles Reduce Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis, Improve Fat Utilization, and Increase Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594574. [PMID: 33390979 PMCID: PMC7775678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inverse relationship of plasma bilirubin levels with liver fat accumulation has prompted the possibility of bilirubin as a therapeutic for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Here, we used diet-induced obese mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treated with pegylated bilirubin (bilirubin nanoparticles) or vehicle control to determine the impact on hepatic lipid accumulation. The bilirubin nanoparticles significantly reduced hepatic fat, triglyceride accumulation, de novo lipogenesis, and serum levels of liver dysfunction marker aspartate transaminase and ApoB100 containing very-low-density lipoprotein. The bilirubin nanoparticles improved liver function and activated the hepatic β-oxidation pathway by increasing PPARα and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1. The bilirubin nanoparticles also significantly elevated plasma levels of the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate and lowered liver fat accumulation. This study demonstrates that bilirubin nanoparticles induce hepatic fat utilization, raise plasma ketones, and reduce hepatic steatosis, opening new therapeutic avenues for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Donald F Stec
- Small Molecule NMR Facility Core, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Matthew C Donald
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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Ceccarelli V, Barchetta I, Cimini FA, Bertoccini L, Chiappetta C, Capoccia D, Carletti R, Di Cristofano C, Silecchia G, Fontana M, Leonetti F, Lenzi A, Baroni MG, Barone E, Cavallo MG. Reduced Biliverdin Reductase-A Expression in Visceral Adipose Tissue is Associated with Adipocyte Dysfunction and NAFLD in Human Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239091. [PMID: 33260451 PMCID: PMC7730815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliverdin reductase A (BVR-A) is an enzyme involved in the regulation of insulin signalling. Knockout (KO) mice for hepatic BVR-A, on a high-fat diet, develop more severe glucose impairment and hepato-steatosis than the wild type, whereas loss of adipocyte BVR-A is associated with increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation and adipocyte size. However, BVR-A expression in human VAT has not been investigated. We evaluated BVR-A mRNA expression levels by real-time PCR in the intra-operative omental biopsy of 38 obese subjects and investigated the association with metabolic impairment, VAT dysfunction, and biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Individuals with lower VAT BVR-A mRNA levels had significantly greater VAT IL-8 and Caspase 3 expression than those with higher BVR-A. Lower VAT BVR-A mRNA levels were associated with an increased adipocytes’ size. An association between lower VAT BVR-A expression and higher plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was also observed. Reduced VAT BVR-A was associated with NAFLD with an odds ratio of 1.38 (95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.9; χ2 test) and with AUROC = 0.89 (p = 0.002, 95% CI = 0.76–1.0). In conclusion, reduced BVR-A expression in omental adipose tissue is associated with VAT dysfunction and NAFLD, suggesting a possible involvement of BVR-A in the regulation of VAT homeostasis in presence of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Flavia Agata Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Laura Bertoccini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Caterina Chiappetta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Danila Capoccia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Claudio Di Cristofano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Gianfranco Silecchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli” Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Frida Leonetti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (C.C.); (D.C.); (R.C.); (C.D.C.); (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Marco Giorgio Baroni
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences (MeSVA), University of L’Aquila, 67100 Coppito, Italy;
- Neuroendocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli” Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (M.G.C.); Tel.: +39-(0)6-4997-4692 (M.G.C.)
| | - Maria Gisella Cavallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (I.B.); (F.A.C.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (M.G.C.); Tel.: +39-(0)6-4997-4692 (M.G.C.)
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Jimenez-Luna C, Martin-Blazquez A, Dieguez-Castillo C, Diaz C, Martin-Ruiz JL, Genilloud O, Vicente F, del Palacio JP, Prados J, Caba O. Novel Biomarkers to Distinguish between Type 3c and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Untargeted Metabolomics. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110423. [PMID: 33105675 PMCID: PMC7690399 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) is a highly frequent complication of pancreatic disease, especially chronic pancreatitis, and it is often misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A correct diagnosis allows the appropriate treatment of these patients, improving their quality of life, and various technologies have been employed over recent years to search for specific biomarkers of each disease. The main aim of this metabolomic project was to find differential metabolites between T3cDM and T2DM. Reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was performed in serum samples from patients with T3cDM and T2DM. Multivariate Principal Component and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analyses were employed to evaluate between-group variations. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify potential candidates and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to evaluate their diagnostic value. A panel of five differential metabolites obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.946. In this study, we demonstrate the usefulness of untargeted metabolomics for the differential diagnosis between T3cDM and T2DM and propose a panel of five metabolites that appear altered in the comparison between patients with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Jimenez-Luna
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.J.-L.); (J.P.); (O.C.)
| | - Ariadna Martin-Blazquez
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia para la Investigación en Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18012 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-B.); (C.D.); (O.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Carmelo Dieguez-Castillo
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-C.), (J.L.M.-R.)
| | - Caridad Diaz
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia para la Investigación en Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18012 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-B.); (C.D.); (O.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Jose Luis Martin-Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-C.), (J.L.M.-R.)
| | - Olga Genilloud
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia para la Investigación en Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18012 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-B.); (C.D.); (O.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Francisca Vicente
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia para la Investigación en Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18012 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-B.); (C.D.); (O.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Jose Perez del Palacio
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia para la Investigación en Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18012 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-B.); (C.D.); (O.G.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-993965
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.J.-L.); (J.P.); (O.C.)
| | - Octavio Caba
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.J.-L.); (J.P.); (O.C.)
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Shiels RG, Hewage W, Pennell EN, Vidimce J, Grant G, Pearson AG, Wagner KH, Morgan M, Bulmer AC. Biliverdin and bilirubin sulfonate inhibit monosodium urate induced sterile inflammation in the rat. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105546. [PMID: 32927072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biliverdin, a by-product of haem catabolism, possesses potent endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Bilirubin-C10-sulfonate (BRS), an active metabolite formed after enteral administration of BV in the rat, also possess antioxidant properties. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of BV and BRS in an in vivo model of monosodium urate induced sterile inflammation. METHODS Subcutaneous air pouches were created on the dorsal flanks of Wistar rats (10-12 weeks of age). Prior to stimulation of the 6-day old pouch with monosodium urate (25 mg), groups were pre-treated with intraperitoneal BRS (27 mg/kg) and BV (27 mg/kg). Total and differential leukocyte counts were determined in pouch fluid aspirate at 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after monosodium urate stimulation. Biliverdin (BV), BRS and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) concentrations in the serum and pouch fluid were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pouch fluid cytokine concentrations (IL-1β, IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-12, GM-CSF, IL-33, IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-10, MCP-1, CXCL-1 and IL-6) were assessed after 6 h. In addition, 24 h protein carbonyl and chloramine concentrations were assessed in pouch fluid using ELISA and spectrophotometry, respectively. RESULTS BRS and BV significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited leukocyte (total, neutrophil and macrophage) infiltration into the pouch fluid from 6 to 48 h. For example, after 6 h neutrophil counts decreased following BRS (0.32 ± 0.11 × 106 cells mL-1) and BV (0.17 ± 0.03 × 106 cells mL-1) compared to MSU only (3.51 ± 1.07 × 106 cells mL-1). Both BV and BRS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pouch GM-CSF (BV: 5.8 ± 1.2 pg mL-1, BRS: 6.9 ± 1.5 pg mL-1 vs MSU only: 13.0 ± 1.9 pg mL-1) and MCP-1 concentrations at 6 h (BV: 1804 ± 269 pg mL-1, BRS: 7927 ± 2668 pg mL-1 vs MSU only: 17,290 ± 4503 pg ml-1), whilst BV additionally inhibited IL-6 (4354 ± 977 pg mL-1 vs MSU only: 25,070 ± 5178 pg mL-1) and IL-18 (17.6 ± 2.0 pg mL-1 vs MSU only: 81.5 ± 19.9 pg mL-1) concentrations at 6 h (p < 0.05). Despite these differences, no change in pouch chloramine or protein carbonyl concentrations occurred at 24 h (p > 0.05). Serum BV concentrations rapidly diminished over 6 h, however, BRS was readily detected in the serum over 48 h, and in pouch fluid over 12 h. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to elucidate anti-inflammatory activity of BRS and the efficacy of BV administration in a model of gouty inflammation. Reduced leukocyte infiltration and cytokine production in response to sterile inflammation further support the importance of these molecules in physiology and their therapeutic potential in sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G Shiels
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wenu Hewage
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Evan N Pennell
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josif Vidimce
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gary Grant
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew G Pearson
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Morgan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew C Bulmer
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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Furuhata R, Kabe Y, Kanai A, Sugiura Y, Tsugawa H, Sugiyama E, Hirai M, Yamamoto T, Koike I, Yoshikawa N, Tanaka H, Koseki M, Nakae J, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Suematsu M. Progesterone receptor membrane associated component 1 enhances obesity progression in mice by facilitating lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Commun Biol 2020; 3:479. [PMID: 32887925 PMCID: PMC7473863 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone receptor membrane associated component 1 (PGRMC1) exhibits haem-dependent dimerization on cell membrane and binds to EGF receptor and cytochromes P450 to regulate cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. However, its physiological functions remain unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that PGRMC1 is required for adipogenesis, and its expression is significantly enhanced by insulin or thiazolidine, an agonist for PPARγ. The haem-dimerized PGRMC1 interacts with low-density lipoprotein receptors (VLDL-R and LDL-R) or GLUT4 to regulate their translocation to the plasma membrane, facilitating lipid uptake and accumulation, and de-novo fatty acid synthesis in adipocytes. These events are cancelled by CO through interfering with PGRMC1 dimerization. PGRMC1 expression in mouse adipose tissues is enhanced during obesity induced by a high fat diet. Furthermore, adipose tissue-specific PGRMC1 knockout in mice dramatically suppressed high-fat-diet induced adipocyte hypertrophy. Our results indicate a pivotal role of PGRMC1 in developing obesity through its metabolic regulation of lipids and carbohydrates in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryogo Furuhata
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic[s] Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Kanai
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsugawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miwa Hirai
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ikko Koike
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noritada Yoshikawa
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Tanaka
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Nakae
- Department of Physiology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic[s] Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic[s] Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Kumar AA, Satheesh G, Vijayakumar G, Chandran M, Prabhu PR, Simon L, Kutty VR, Kartha CC, Jaleel A. Plasma leptin level mirrors metabolome alterations in young adults. Metabolomics 2020; 16:87. [PMID: 32772182 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01708-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leptin is known to regulate pathways of energy metabolism, reproduction, and control appetite. Whether plasma leptin levels reflect changes in metabolites of these pathways is unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to find whether there is an association between leptin levels and levels of metabolites of energy and hormone metabolism. METHODS We performed an untargeted metabolomics analysis of plasma from 110 healthy adults (men: women = 1:1; aged 18-40 years), using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Blood samples were collected from all the study subjects in the fasting state. Clinical features and markers of obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were assessed in all. The association between levels of metabolites and clinical and biochemical parameters was identified using the multivariable-adjusted linear regression model and PLS-DA analysis. RESULTS The leptin level was found to have a significant association with a substantial number of metabolites in women and men. Leptin level was positively associated with glycocholic acid and arachidic acid, metabolites related to energy metabolisms, pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, a metabolite of progesterone metabolism, and quercetin 3'-sulfate, a diet-derived metabolite. Leptin level was negatively associated with ponasteroside A and barringtogenol C levels. Leptin level was positively correlated with adiponectin and negatively with total calorie intake and levels of triglyceride and very-low-density lipoprotein. Leptin levels were associated with lipid and sex hormone metabolism in women, while metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism were correlated to leptin in men. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that leptin level reflects metabolome alterations and hence could be a useful marker to detect early changes in energy and hormone metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aneesh Kumar
- Cardiovascular Diseases & Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gopika Satheesh
- Cardiovascular Diseases & Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Gadadharan Vijayakumar
- Medical Trust Hospital and Diabetes Care Centre, Kulanada, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Chandran
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Priya R Prabhu
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Leena Simon
- Medical Trust Hospital and Diabetes Care Centre, Kulanada, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India
| | - Vellappillil Raman Kutty
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Chandrasekharan C Kartha
- Society for Continuing Medical Education & Research, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695029, India
| | - Abdul Jaleel
- Cardiovascular Diseases & Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India.
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India.
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Hao H, Guo H, Ma RL, Yan YZ, Hu YH, Ma JL, Zhang XH, Wang XP, Wang K, Mu LT, Song YP, Zhang JY, He J, Guo SX. Association of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin content with metabolic syndrome among Kazakhs in Xinjiang. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:110. [PMID: 32698889 PMCID: PMC7376964 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-00563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have shown that a high level of bilirubin is a protective factor against metabolic syndrome (MS), while a high level of transaminase is a risk factor for MS. However, the existing results are inconsistent and few cohort studies have been published. METHODS Using an ambispective cohort study, 565 Kazakhs from Xinjiang, China were selected as the study subjects. The baseline serum bilirubin and transaminase levels of the subjects were divided into quartiles and the relationship between these values and the incidence of MS was analyzed. The definition of MS was based on the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) diagnostic criteria. RESULTS The average follow-up time for the subjects was 5.72 years. The cumulative incidence of MS was 36.11% (204 of the 565 subjects), and the incidence density was 63.10/1000 person-years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the levels of total bilirubin (TBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were negatively correlated with the occurrence of MS, Compared to the lowest quartile level (Q1), the hazard ratios of MS the TBIL levels at the Q2-Q4 quartiles were: 0.47 (0.31-0.71), 0.53 (0.35-0.79), and 0.48 (0.32-0.72), respectively, while IBIL levels at the Q2-Q4 quartiles showed an MS hazard ratio of 0.48 (0.32-0.72), 0.54(0.36-0.81), and 0.52 (0.35-0.77), respectively, all at a 95% confidence level. However, no relationship was found between transaminase levels and the incidence of MS. CONCLUSION Serum TBIL and IBIL levels were negatively correlated with the incidence of MS in a Kazakh population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hao
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ru-Lin Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Yan
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yun-Hua Hu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiao-Long Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - La-Ti Mu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan-Peng Song
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Shu-Xia Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Novák P, Jackson AO, Zhao GJ, Yin K. Bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases: New perspectives. Life Sci 2020; 257:118032. [PMID: 32621920 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major global health issues, which is closely related to metabolic dysfunction and the chronic inflammatory diseases. Multiple studies have demonstrated that serum bilirubin is negatively correlated with metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc. However, the roles of bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases still remain unclear. Here, we explain the role of bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammatory diseases and its therapeutic potential. Understanding the role of bilirubin activities in diabetes may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Novák
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Ampadu O Jackson
- International College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China.
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China.
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Gordon DM, Neifer KL, Hamoud ARA, Hawk CF, Nestor-Kalinoski AL, Miruzzi SA, Morran MP, Adeosun SO, Sarver JG, Erhardt PW, McCullumsmith RE, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin remodels murine white adipose tissue by reshaping mitochondrial activity and the coregulator profile of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9804-9822. [PMID: 32404366 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of lipid-burning pathways in the fat-storing white adipose tissue (WAT) is a promising strategy to improve metabolic health and reduce obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. For unknown reasons, bilirubin levels are negatively associated with obesity and diabetes. Here, using mice and an array of approaches, including MRI to assess body composition, biochemical assays to measure bilirubin and fatty acids, MitoTracker-based mitochondrial analysis, immunofluorescence, and high-throughput coregulator analysis, we show that bilirubin functions as a molecular switch for the nuclear receptor transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Bilirubin exerted its effects by recruiting and dissociating specific coregulators in WAT, driving the expression of PPARα target genes such as uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and adrenoreceptor β 3 (Adrb3). We also found that bilirubin is a selective ligand for PPARα and does not affect the activities of the related proteins PPARγ and PPARδ. We further found that diet-induced obese mice with mild hyperbilirubinemia have reduced WAT size and an increased number of mitochondria, associated with a restructuring of PPARα-binding coregulators. We conclude that bilirubin strongly affects organismal body weight by reshaping the PPARα coregulator profile, remodeling WAT to improve metabolic function, and reducing fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA.,Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Kari L Neifer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Abdul-Rizaq Ali Hamoud
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles F Hawk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrea L Nestor-Kalinoski
- Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott A Miruzzi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael P Morran
- Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel O Adeosun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Sarver
- Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul W Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA.,ProMedica, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA .,Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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High Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Tanzania-Diagnosis Mainly Based on Fasting Blood Glucose from Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093109. [PMID: 32365670 PMCID: PMC7246425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and increased long-term risk of metabolic diseases for both mother and child. In Tanzania, GDM prevalence increased from 0% in 1991 to 19.5% in 2016. Anaemia has been proposed to precipitate the pathogenesis of GDM. We aimed to examine the prevalence of GDM in a rural area of Tanzania with a high prevalence of anaemia and to examine a potential association between haemoglobin concentration and blood glucose during pregnancy. The participants were included in a population-based preconception, pregnancy and birth cohort study. In total, 538 women were followed during pregnancy and scheduled for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at week 32-34 of gestation. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to the WHO 2013 guidelines. Out of 392 women screened, 39% (95% CI: 34.2-44.1) had GDM, the majority of whom (94.1%) were diagnosed based solely on the fasting blood sample from the OGTT. No associations were observed between haemoglobin or ferritin and glucose measurements during pregnancy. A very high prevalence of GDM was found in rural Tanzania. In view of the laborious, costly and inconvenient OGTT, alternative methods such as fasting blood glucose should be considered when screening for GDM in low- and middle-income countries.
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Wang F, Chen S, Ren L, Wang Y, Li Z, Song T, Zhang H, Yang Q. The Effect of Silibinin on Protein Expression Profile in White Adipose Tissue of Obese Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:55. [PMID: 32184719 PMCID: PMC7059093 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of silibinin on the protein expression profile of white adipose tissue (WAT) in obese mice by using Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Methods According to experimental requirements, 36 C57BL/6JC mice were randomly divided into normal diet group (WC group), high fat diet group (WF group), and high fat diet + silibinin group (WS group). WS group was intragastrically administered with 54 mg/kg body weight of silibinin, and the WC group and the WF group were intragastrically administered with equal volume of normal saline. Serum samples were collected to detect fasting blood glucose and blood lipids. IPGTT was used to measure the blood glucose value at each time point and calculate the area under the glucose curve. TMT combined with LC-MS/MS were used to study the expression of WAT, and its cellular processes, biological processes, corresponding molecular functions, and related network molecular mechanisms were analyzed by bioinformatics. Finally, RT-PCR and LC-MS/MS were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of FABP5, Plin4, GPD1, and AGPAT2, respectively. Results Although silibinin did not reduce the mice's weight, it did improve glucose metabolism. In addition, silibinin decreased the concentration of TC, TG, and LDL-C and increased the concentration of HDL-C in the serum of mice. In the WF/WS group, 182 differentially expressed proteins were up-regulated and 159 were down-regulated. While in the WS/WF group, 362 differentially expressed proteins were up-regulated and 176 were down-regulated. Further analysis found that these differential proteins are mainly distributed in the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR), lipolysis of fat cells, metabolism of glycerides, oxidative phosphorylation, and other signaling pathways, and participate in cell processes and lipid metabolism through catalysis and integration functions. Specifically, silibinin reduced the expression of several key factors such as FABP5, Plin4, GPD1, and AGPTA2. Conclusion High fat diet (HFD) can increase the expression of lipid synthesis and transport-related proteins and reduce mitochondrial related proteins, thereby increasing lipid synthesis, reducing energy consumption, and improving lipid metabolism in vivo. Silibinin can reduce lipid synthesis, increase energy consumption, and improve lipid metabolism in mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Luping Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.,North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zelin Li
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tiantian Song
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - He Zhang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qiwen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Biliverdin Reductase A (BVRA) Knockout in Adipocytes Induces Hypertrophy and Reduces Mitochondria in White Fat of Obese Mice. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030387. [PMID: 32131495 PMCID: PMC7175174 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliverdin reductase (BVR) is an enzymatic and signaling protein that has multifaceted roles in physiological systems. Despite the wealth of knowledge about BVR, no data exist regarding its actions in adipocytes. Here, we generated an adipose-specific deletion of biliverdin reductase-A (BVRA) (BlvraFatKO) in mice to determine the function of BVRA in adipocytes and how it may impact adipose tissue expansion. The BlvraFatKO and littermate control (BlvraFlox) mice were placed on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Body weights were measured weekly and body composition, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were quantitated at the end of the 12 weeks. The data showed that the percent body fat and body weights did not differ between the groups; however, BlvraFatKO mice had significantly higher visceral fat as compared to the BlvraFlox. The loss of adipocyte BVRA decreased the mitochondrial number in white adipose tissue (WAT), and increased inflammation and adipocyte size, but this was not observed in brown adipose tissue (BAT). There were genes significantly reduced in WAT that induce the browning effect such as Ppara and Adrb3, indicating that BVRA improves mitochondria function and beige-type white adipocytes. The BlvraFatKO mice also had significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels and no changes in plasma insulin levels, which is indicative of decreased insulin signaling in WAT, as evidenced by reduced levels of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and Glut4 mRNA. These results demonstrate the essential role of BVRA in WAT in insulin signaling and adipocyte hypertrophy.
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47
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Ji M, Xu K, Zhang D, Chen T, Shen L, Wu W, Zhang J. Adipose-Tissue-Specific Expression of Pig ApoR Protects Mice from Diet-Induced Obesity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2256-2262. [PMID: 31927923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fat deposition is one of the most important economic traits of pigs. Decreasing the subcutaneous fat and increasing the intramuscular fat are believed to be an effective way to improve pork quality, which is one of the main goals of pig breeding. Identifying key genes that control porcine lipid metabolism is essential for achieving this goal. Apolipoprotein R (apoR) was identified as the crucial molecule in the process of pig adipose reduction by clenbuterol. In this study, transgenic mice with adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of pig apoR (apoR mice) were constructed. The apoR mice gained less weight than wild-type (WT) mice after 18 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet. A comparison of organs between the two genotypes revealed that the weight of white adipose tissue, including inguinal and epididymal fat tissue, was significantly decreased and the weight of liver tissue was increased in apoR mice compared with WT mice. Glucose and insulin intolerance tests showed that the glucose metabolism of apoR mice was similar to that of WT mice. Histological staining proved that the adipocytes of apoR mice had a reduced average size, and gene expression analysis indicated that lipolysis in the adipose tissue of apoR mice was enhanced. Finally, the primary culture of inguinal adipocytes revealed that apoR promotes lipolysis via the Erk1/2 pathway. Taken together, the results indicate that adipose-tissue-specific expression of pig apoR protects mice from diet-induced obesity by enhancing lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Ji
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology , Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology , Qinhuangdao 066000 , China
| | - Ke Xu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology , Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology , Qinhuangdao 066000 , China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital , Jiaxing 314001 , China
| | - Liangcai Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology , Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology , Qinhuangdao 066000 , China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China
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Li YH, Wen K, Zhu LL, Lv SK, Cao Q, Li Q, Deng L, Chen T, Wang X, Deng KY, Wang LF, Xin HB. Tautomerase Activity-Lacking of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Alleviates the Inflammation and Insulin Tolerance in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:134. [PMID: 32265835 PMCID: PMC7098947 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has multiple intrinsic enzymatic activities of the dopachrome/phenylpyruvate tautomerase and thiol protein oxidoreductase, and plays an important role in the development of obesity as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. However, which enzymatic activity of MIF is responsible for regulating in obesity are still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the roles of the tautomerase of MIF in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity using MIF tautomerase activity-lacking (MIFP1G/P1G) mice. Our results showed that the serum MIF and the expression of MIF in adipose tissue were increased in HFD-treated mice compared with normal diet fed mice. The bodyweights were significantly reduced in MIFP1G/P1G mice compared with WT mice fed with HFD. The sizes of adipocytes were smaller in MIFP1G/P1G mice compared with WT mice fed with HFD using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In addition, the MIFP1G/P1G mice reduced the macrophage infiltration, seen as the decreases of the expression of inflammatory factors such as F4/80, IL-1β, TNFα, MCP1, and IL-6. The glucose tolerance tests (GTT) and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) assays showed that the glucose tolerance and insulin resistance were markedly improved, and the expressions of IRS and PPARγ were upregulated in adipose tissue from MIFP1G/P1G mice fed with HFD. Furthermore, we observed that the expressions of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and the cleaved caspase 3-positive cells in white tissues were decreased and the ratio of Bcl2/Bax was increased in MIFP1G/P1G mice compared with WT mice. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the tautomerase activity-lacking of MIF significantly alleviated the HFD-induced obesity and adipose tissue inflammation, and improved insulin resistance in MIFP1G/P1G mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Wen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Lv
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Libin Deng
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling-Fang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Fang Wang
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Hong-Bo Xin ;
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Challenge from Mechanisms to Therapy. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010015. [PMID: 31861591 PMCID: PMC7019297 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Focusing on previously published mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), their uncertainty does not always permit a clear elucidation of the grassroot alterations that are at the basis of the wide-spread illness, and thus curing it is still a challenge. There is somehow exceptional progress, but many controversies persist in NAFLD research and clinical investigation. It is likely that hidden mechanisms will be brought to light in the near future. Hereby, the authors present, with some criticism, classical mechanisms that stand at the basis of NAFLD, and consider contextually different emerging processes. Without ascertaining these complex interactions, investigators have a long way left ahead before finding an effective therapy for NAFLD beyond diet and exercise.
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Omaye AT, Omaye ST. Caveats for the Good and Bad of Dietary Red Meat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E544. [PMID: 31726758 PMCID: PMC6912709 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Red meat and its constituents of heme iron or free iron have been the target of scrutiny related to their purported association to many chronic diseases. However, in contrast, red meat provides a rich source of nutrition. In 2007, Al Tappel hypothesized that the mechanistic explanation for the adverse impact of iron and heme iron could be the strong influence these substances have in initiating and promoting oxidative stress. Also, there is an emphasis on the importance of dietary antioxidants in the modulation of these adverse effects. The goal of this argumentative review is to provide an update of the importance of dietary red meat for health, and the hypothesis that oxidative stress initiated by dietary iron and heme iron may be related to chronic diseases, with a particular emphasis on recent research that impacts the paradigm. We also examine potential dietary changes that could substantially modify the potential adverse outcomes of chronic diseases initiated by heme iron mechanisms, e.g., consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stanley T. Omaye
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada, Reno, NE 89557, USA
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