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Kuo SC, Shih SM, Hsieh LY, Lauderdale TLY, Chen YC, Hsiung CA, Chang SC. Antibiotic restriction policy paradoxically increased private drug consumptions outside Taiwan's National Health Insurance. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 72:1544-1545. [PMID: 28175312 PMCID: PMC5400090 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Kuo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan.,Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Shih
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Chun Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chwen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren-ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
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52
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Kuo SC, Shih SM, Lauderdale TLY, Chang IS, Chen YC, Hsiung CA, Chang SC. Policy-driven revolution of prescription record in outpatient use of fluoroquinolones. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2018; 53:133-140. [PMID: 29886011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A policy initiated in 2001 by Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) Administration has effectively reduced outpatient antibiotic use except fluoroquinolones (FQs). The influence of differential regulation policy of narrow-spectrum versus broad-spectrum FQs on the prescriptions is unknown. METHODS This study analyzed the claim records of oral FQs prescription at outpatient visits during 2000-2010 using the NHI Research Database and compared prescriptions for narrow-spectrum FQs, which are inactive against Streptococcus pneumoniae and lack formulary restriction, with those for broad-spectrum FQs. RESULTS Oral antibiotics were prescribed in 13.3% of visits and FQs accounted for 2.2% of them. During the study period the population-based rates of FQ prescription visits to children decreased, which was offset by increased use in the adult and geriatric populations (all p < 0.001). The most common encoded diagnoses for all FQs were urinary tract infection (19.2%) and sinusitis (10.9%), skin/bone/joint infections (7.9%), and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI, 4.8%). Narrow-spectrum FQs accounted for 88.4% of all FQ prescriptions. Up to 95.4% of visits from patients with sinusitis and 34.3% of those with LRTI used narrow-spectrum FQs, while S. pneumoniae is an important etiology. Otorhinolaryngologists in non-hospital-based clinics prescribed most of narrow-spectrum FQs to patients with sinusitis or LRTI. CONCLUSIONS We found debatable prescription of narrow-spectrum FQ based on claim records, particularly for LRTI and sinusitis, possibly due to the lack of formulary restriction. Additional efforts are needed to improve the appropriate selection of optimal FQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Kuo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan; Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Man Shih
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Chun Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Sec.1, Ren-ai Rd., Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Chwen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Sec.1, Ren-ai Rd., Taipei 10051, Taiwan
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53
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Kamiza AB, Hsieh L, Tang R, Chien H, Lai C, Chiu L, Lo T, Hung K, You J, Wang W, Hsiung CA, Yeh C. Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes are associated with colorectal cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:533-540. [PMID: 29664240 PMCID: PMC6081223 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA repair genes are crucial for maintaining genomic stability by preventing mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. The present retrospective cohort study aimed at investigating whether MLH1, APEX1, MUTYH, OGG1, NUDT1, XRCC5, XPA, and ERCC2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Chinese population with Lynch syndrome. METHODS From Amsterdam criteria family registry, we identified 270 patients with Lynch syndrome. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between DNA repair SNPs and CRC were calculated using a weighted Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS Heterozygous variants of rs1799832 in NUDT1 (HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.51-5.83) and rs13181 in ERCC2 (HR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.10-6.55) were significantly associated with an increased risk of CRC compared with wild-type homozygous CC and TT genotypes, respectively. However, the variant CG+GG genotype of MUTYH rs3219489 was associated with a decreased risk of CRC (HR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.26-0.91) compared with the homozygous CC wild-type counterparts. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that polymorphisms of DNA repair genes that include NUDT1, ERCC2, and MUTYH are associated with CRC in patients with Lynch syndrome in Chinese population. Further studies with large sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram B. Kamiza
- School of Public HealthCollege of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ling‐Ling Hsieh
- Department of Public HealthCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Reiping Tang
- Colorectal SectionDepartment of SurgeryChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
- School of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Huei‐Tzu Chien
- Department of Public HealthCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesChang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsiung Lai
- Department of Public HealthCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Li‐Ling Chiu
- Department of Public HealthCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesChang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Tsai‐Ping Lo
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Kuan‐Yi Hung
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Jeng‐Fu You
- Colorectal SectionDepartment of SurgeryChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
- School of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Chang Wang
- Ph.D. Program for Translational MedicineCollege of Medical Science and TechnologyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Ching Yeh
- School of Public HealthCollege of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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54
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Wu CF, Hsiung CA, Tsai HJ, Tsai YC, Hsieh HM, Chen BH, Wu MT. Interaction of melamine and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure on markers of early renal damage in children: The 2011 Taiwan food scandal. Environ Pollut 2018; 235:453-461. [PMID: 29310089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Melamine and phthalate, mainly di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are ubiquitously present in the general environment. We investigated whether urine melamine levels can modify the relationship between DEHP exposure and markers of early renal damage in children. A nationwide health survey for Children aged ≤12 years possibly exposed to phthalates were enrolled between August 2012 and January 2013. They were administered questionnaires to collect details regarding past DEHP exposure to phthalate-tainted foodstuffs. Urine samples were measured melamine levels, phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of renal damage, including urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), and β2-microglobulin. The study included 224 children who had a median urine melamine level (μg/mmol creatinine) of 1.61 ranging 0.18-47.42. Positive correlations were found between urine melamine levels and urine ACR as well as urine NAG levels (both Spearman correlation coefficients r = 0.24, n = 224, p < .001). The higher the past DEHP exposure or urine melamine levels, the higher the prevalence of microalbuminuria. An interaction effect was also found between urine melamine levels and past DEHP exposure on urine ACR. Melamine levels may further modify the effect of past DEHP exposure on urine ACR in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Community Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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55
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Chien LH, Tseng TJ, Tsai FY, Wang JH, Hsiung CA, Liu TW, Chang IS. Patterns of age-specific socioeconomic inequalities in net survival for common cancers in Taiwan, a country with universal health coverage. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 53:42-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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56
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Wang WC, Chiu YF, Chung RH, Hwu CM, Lee IT, Lee CH, Chang YC, Hung KY, Quertermous T, Chen YDI, Hsiung CA. IGF1 Gene Is Associated With Triglyceride Levels In Subjects With Family History Of Hypertension From The SAPPHIRe And TWB Projects. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1035-1042. [PMID: 30013445 PMCID: PMC6036157 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.25742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 12q23-q24 has been linked to triglyceride (TG) levels by previous linkage studies, and it contains the Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene. We investigated the association between IGF1 and TG levels using two independent samples collected in Taiwan. First, based on 954 siblings in 397 families from the Stanford Asian Pacific Program in Hypertension and Insulin Resistance (SAPPHIRe), we found that rs978458 was associated with TG levels (β = -0.049, p = 0.0043) under a recessive genetic model. Specifically, subjects carrying the homozygous genotype of the minor allele had lower TG levels, compared with other subjects. Then, a series of stratification analyses in a large sample of 13,193 unrelated subjects from the Taiwan biobank (TWB) project showed that this association appeared in subjects with a family history (FH) of hypertension (β = -0.045, p = 0.0000034), but not in subjects without such an FH. A re-examination of the SAPPHIRe sample confirmed that this association appeared in subjects with an FH of hypertension (β = -0.068, p = 0.0025), but not in subjects without an FH. The successful replication in two independent samples indicated that IGF1 is associated with TG levels in subjects with an FH of hypertension in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chang Wang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Hung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Falk Cardiovascular Research Building, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
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57
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Kamiza AB, You JF, Wang WC, Tang R, Chang CY, Chien HT, Lai CH, Chiu LL, Lo TP, Hung KY, Hsiung CA, Yeh CC. Polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing genes and colorectal cancer risk in patients with lynch syndrome: A retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:69-78. [PMID: 28714190 DOI: 10.1002/em.22113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and N-acetyltransferase (NAT) are crucial for metabolism and clearance of xenobiotics. This study investigated whether CYP, GST, and NAT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with Lynch syndrome. The interaction between these SNPs and cigarette smoking or meat consumption was also explored. We identified 270 patients with Lynch syndrome from the Taiwan Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Consortium. A weighted Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs). The GSTA1 rs3957356 TT (HR = 5.36, 95% CI = 2.39-12.0) and CYP1B1 rs1056836 CC (HR = 7.24, 95% CI = 3.51-14.9) were significantly associated with CRC risk when compared to wild-type CC and GG genotypes, respectively. However, the CYP1A1 rs4646903 CC genotype significantly reduced the risk of CRC (HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.12-0.89) when compared to TT genotype. Moreover, significant interactions were observed between NAT1 acetylation and CYP1B1 rs1056827 and meat consumption.Our results suggest that xenobiotic-metabolizing SNPs are not only associated with CRC risk in patients with Lynch syndrome in Taiwan but also interact with meat consumption to modify the disease risk. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:69-78, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram Bunya Kamiza
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Colorectal Section, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Reiping Tang
- Colorectal Section, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Tzu Chien
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Lai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Chiu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ping Lo
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Hung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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58
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Chang YK, Huang LF, Shin SJ, Lin KD, Chong K, Yen FS, Chang HY, Chuang SY, Hsieh TJ, Hsiung CA, Hsu CC. A Point-based Mortality Prediction System for Older Adults with Diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12652. [PMID: 28978911 PMCID: PMC5627261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality prediction models for the general diabetic population have been well established, but the corresponding elderly-specific model is still lacking. This study aims to develop a mortality prediction model for the elderly with diabetes. The data used for model establishment were derived from the nationwide adult health screening program in Taiwan in 2007-2010, from which we applied a 10-fold cross-validation method for model construction and internal validation. The external validation was tested on the MJ health screening database collected in 2004-2007. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to predict five-year mortality for diabetic patients ≥65 years. A total of 220,832 older subjects with diabetes were selected for model construction, of whom 23,241 (10.5%) died by the end of follow-up (December 31, 2011). The significant predictors retained in the final model included age, gender, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, leukocyte count, liver and renal function, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, albumin, and uric acid. The Harrell's C in the development, internal-, and external-validation datasets were 0.737, 0.746, and 0.685, respectively. We established an easy-to-use point-based model that could accurately predict five-year mortality risk in older adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Tung's Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - L F Huang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - S J Shin
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Ditvision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K D Lin
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Ditvision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K Chong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - F S Yen
- Dr. Yen's Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - H Y Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - S Y Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - T J Hsieh
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - C A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - C C Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Family Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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59
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Chung RH, Chiu YF, Hung YJ, Lee WJ, Wu KD, Chen HL, Lin MW, Chen YDI, Quertermous T, Hsiung CA. Genome-wide copy number variation analysis identified deletions in SFMBT1 associated with fasting plasma glucose in a Han Chinese population. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:591. [PMID: 28789618 PMCID: PMC5549306 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasting glucose and fasting insulin are glycemic traits closely related to diabetes, and understanding the role of genetic factors in these traits can help reveal the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Although single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several candidate genes have been found to be associated with fasting glucose and fasting insulin, copy number variations (CNVs), which have been reported to be associated with several complex traits, have not been reported for association with these two traits. We aimed to identify CNVs associated with fasting glucose and fasting insulin. RESULTS We conducted a genome-wide CNV association analysis for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting plasma insulin (FPI) using a family-based genome-wide association study sample from a Han Chinese population in Taiwan. A family-based CNV association test was developed in this study to identify common CNVs (i.e., CNVs with frequencies ≥ 5%), and a generalized estimating equation approach was used to test the associations between the traits and counts of global rare CNVs (i.e., CNVs with frequencies <5%). We found a significant genome-wide association for common deletions with a frequency of 5.2% in the Scm-like with four mbt domains 1 (SFMBT1) gene with FPG (association p-value = 2×10-4 and an adjusted p-value = 0.0478 for multiple testing). No significant association was observed between global rare CNVs and FPG or FPI. The deletions in 20 individuals with DNA samples available were successfully validated using PCR-based amplification. The association of the deletions in SFMBT1 with FPG was further evaluated using an independent population-based replication sample obtained from the Taiwan Biobank. An association p-value of 0.065, which was close to the significance level of 0.05, for FPG was obtained by testing 9 individuals with CNVs in the SFMBT1 gene region and 11,692 individuals with normal copies in the replication cohort. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have found that SNPs in SFMBT1 are associated with blood pressure and serum urate concentration, suggesting that SFMBT1 may have functional implications in some metabolic-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Hua Chung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kwan-Dun Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan.
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Chen CH, Wu MS, Hsu WY, Chen YM, Hsu CC, Hsiung CA, Wu IC. Determinants of influenza vaccination in older adults: A nationwide community-based study in Taiwan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2396-2402. [PMID: 28753227 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Influenza vaccination (InVa) is an effective measure for preventing influenza infection, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. However, the determinants of InVa remain unclear. METHODS The present study included 4756 adults aged 55 years and older who completed the baseline examination of the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan. During the examination, each participant received assessments of InVa status. Comprehensive assessments of sociodemographic (age, sex, education level, marital status, living alone and occupation) and health-related factors (chronic diseases, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activities, cognitive status and physical performance) were also carried out. The InVa rate was defined as the number of participants who reported receiving free InVa divided by the total number of candidates for free InVa. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the sociodemographic and health-related determinants of InVa status. RESULTS The coverage rate of InVa was 44.8% (2130/4756). Older age (adjusted odds ratio [OR; >75 years vs <65 years] 7.72, 95% CI 6.26-9.52), multiple chronic diseases (OR [≥2 vs 0)] 1.31, 95% CI 1.10-1.65) and physical activity (OR [yes vs no] 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.64) were positively associated with receiving InVa. A current smoking status (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55-0.82) was negatively associated with receiving InVa. CONCLUSIONS Older adults who received InVa differed from non-receivers in multiple sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. These findings support continual efforts to improve the InVa coverage rate in vulnerable populations. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2396-2402.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hua Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chien Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Chang IS, Jiang SS, Yang JCH, Su WC, Chien LH, Hsiao CF, Lee JH, Chen CY, Chen CH, Chang GC, Wang Z, Lo FY, Chen KY, Wang WC, Chen YM, Huang MS, Tsai YH, Su YC, Hsieh WS, Shih WC, Shieh SH, Yang TY, Lan Q, Rothman N, Chen CJ, Chanock SJ, Yang PC, Hsiung CA. Genetic Modifiers of Progression-Free Survival in Never-Smoking Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Treated with First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:663-673. [PMID: 27669169 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201602-0300oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are relatively sensitive to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment and have longer progression-free survival (PFS) when treated with EGFR-TKI compared with platinum-based chemotherapy. However, many patients with advanced NSCLC who have mutated EGFR do not respond to first-line EGFR-TKI treatment and still have shorter PFS. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants associated with PFS among patients with lung adenocarcinoma who were treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs. METHODS A genome-wide association study on PFS was performed in never-smoking women diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and who were treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs (n = 128). Significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for follow-up association analysis (n = 198) and for replication assay in another independent cohort (n = 153). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified SNPs at 4q12 associated with PFS at genome-wide significance (P < 10-8) and with an estimated hazard ratio of more than 4. This association was also replicated in a larger but similar cohort and in an independent NSCLC cohort. Follow-up functional analyses showed that these SNPs were associated with the expression of EGFR, which encodes the TKI target, and with a nearby gene neuromedin-U, which encodes a G protein-coupled receptor ligand known to be involved in the progression of NSCLC. Considering these as possible prognostic biomarkers for the treatment of patients with late-stage lung cancer, we found that these SNPs were not associated with EGFR mutation status or with polymorphism of the Bcl2-interacting mediator of cell death gene. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants in 4q12 merit further investigation to assess their potential as pharmacogenomic predictors for and to understand the biology underlying its influence on PFS in patients treated with TKI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James Chih-Hsin Yang
- 2 Department of Oncology and.,3 Graduate Institute of Oncology and Cancer Research Center, College of Medicine and
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Fu Hsiao
- 5 Institute of Population Health Sciences, and.,6 Taiwan Lung Cancer Tissue/Specimen Information Resource Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yi Chen
- 7 Institute of Medicine and.,8 Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Gee-Chen Chang
- 9 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,10 Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- 11 Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, and
| | - Fang-Yi Lo
- 5 Institute of Population Health Sciences, and
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- 12 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- 5 Institute of Population Health Sciences, and.,13 The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology and
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- 15 College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,14 Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- 16 Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- 17 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Su
- 5 Institute of Population Health Sciences, and
| | | | | | - Shwn-Huey Shieh
- 18 Department of Health Services Administration and.,19 Department of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; and
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- 10 Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Qing Lan
- 20 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- 20 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- 21 Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- 20 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- 22 Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chuang SC, Lin CH, Lu YS, Hsiung CA. Abstract 3274: The impact of pregnancy on breast cancer survival: A retrospective analysis based on national data. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: With the increasing incidence of breast cancer in young women and the delaying first term pregnancy age, the incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer is expected to increase. The aim of the current study was to examine the impact of pregnancy on breast cancer survival using national registry data.
Material and Methods: The breast cancer cases were identified from the Taiwan Cancer Registry. All first primary invasive breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2002 and 2014 were identified. The study was restricted to cases who were 20-50 years old and were stage I to III diseases. Pregnancy and delivery outcomes up to 5 years before the cancer diagnoses were abstracted from the National Health Insurance database. Those who were not pregnant during this time were defined as non-pregnant cases. The data were then linked to the Taiwan national death certificate database for vital status, the causes, and the dates of death. Years of follow-up was calculated from the date of breast cancer diagnosis to the date of death or December 31, 2014. The hazard ratios (HR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between pregnancy and breast cancer survival were estimated using cox proportional hazard models.
Results: Among the 30,479 breast cancer cases, 90 were diagnosed during pregnancy (0.3%), 347 were diagnosed within a year after delivery (1.1%), 410 (1.3%) within 1-2 years after delivery, 1583 (5.2%) within 2-5 years after delivery, and 249 (0.8%) were pregnant after breast cancer diagnosis. By the end of 2014, 2932 cases were dead (17 cases diagnosed during pregnancy (18.9%) and 69 cases diagnosed within a year after delivery (19.9%)). The major cause of death was breast cancer (89%). Compared to non-pregnant cases (9.3% dead), the HRs were 1.91 (95% CI=1.17-3.12) for those who were diagnosed during pregnancy and 1.92 (95% CI=1.48-2.48) for those who were diagnosed within a year after delivery, adjusted for age and year of breast cancer diagnosis. After adjustment for tumor characteristics and treatment, the HR were 1.84 (HR=1.04-3.28) and 1.29 (HR=0.92-1.80) for breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy and within a year after delivery, respectively. For those who received systemic therapy, >80% of them started within 90 days. However, for subjects diagnosed during pregnancy, only 63% of them started systemic treatment within 90 days.
Conclusion: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is associated with higher mortality compared to non-pregnant breast cancer. Adjusted for tumor characteristics and treatment attenuated the association.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Shu-Chun Chuang, Ching-Hung Lin, Yen-Shen Lu, Chao A. Hsiung. The impact of pregnancy on breast cancer survival: A retrospective analysis based on national data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3274. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3274
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yen-Shen Lu
- 2National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- 1National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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Huang PC, Tsai CH, Chen CC, Wu MT, Chen ML, Wang SL, Chen BH, Lee CC, Jaakkola JJK, Wu WC, Chen MK, Hsiung CA, Group R. Intellectual evaluation of children exposed to phthalate-tainted products after the 2011 Taiwan phthalate episode. Environ Res 2017; 156:158-166. [PMID: 28342962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phthalate exposure may reduce intellectual development in young children. In 2011, numerous Taiwanese children had been reported to have consumed phthalate-tainted products. We investigated the effects of phthalate exposure on the intellectual development of these children after the 2011 Taiwan di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) episode. METHODS We recruited 204 children, aged 3-12 y, from 3 hospitals in Taiwan between 2012 and 2013. First-morning urine samples were collected for analyzing 5 phthalate metabolites. We applied a Bayesian model to estimate the past DEHP exposure (estDEHPADD) of each participant before the 2011 DEHP episode. Demographic information, consumption of phthalate-tainted products, and maternal education, of each participant were obtained using a questionnaire. We used the Wechsler intelligence evaluation tools for assessing the children's and maternal intelligence quotient. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The median levels of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono-n-butyl phthalate, and mono-iso-butyl phthalate in the children were 9.97, 45.8, 32.2, 46.2, and 24.3μg/g creatinine, respectively. Using the aforementioned urinary phthalate metabolites, we found that the children's verbal comprehension index (N =98) was significantly negatively associated with urinary log10 MEOHP (β, -11.92; SE, 5.33; 95%CI, -22.52~ -1.33; P=0.028) and log10 ΣDBP metabolites (β, -10.95; SE, 4.93; 95%CI, -20.74~ -1.16; P=0.029) after adjustment for age, gender, maternal IQ and education, passive smoking, estDEHPADD, active and passive smoking during pregnancy. Through a tolerable daily intake-based approach, we only found a significant negative association between past estimate DEHPADD and VIQ≥3-<6 in preschool children whereas no correlation was observed between current DEHP exposure and IQ≥3-<6 score with/ without estimate DEHPADD adjustment. It revealed that the effect of past high-DEHP exposure on verbal-related neurodevelopment of younger child are more sensitive. CONCLUSION Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to DEHP and DnBP affects intellectual development in preschool and school-aged children, particularly their language learning or expression ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substance, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Wen-Chiu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei,Taiwan
| | - Min-Kung Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Rapit Group
- Members of the Risk Assessment of Phthalate Incident in Taiwan (RAPIT) Group
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Nomura A, Won HH, Khera AV, Takeuchi F, Ito K, McCarthy S, Emdin CA, Klarin D, Natarajan P, Zekavat SM, Gupta N, Peloso GM, Borecki IB, Teslovich TM, Asselta R, Duga S, Merlini PA, Correa A, Kessler T, Wilson JG, Bown MJ, Hall AS, Braund PS, Carey DJ, Murray MF, Kirchner HL, Leader JB, Lavage DR, Manus JN, Hartze DN, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Marrugat J, Elosua R, McPherson R, Farrall M, Watkins H, Juang JMJ, Hsiung CA, Lin SY, Wang JS, Tada H, Kawashiri MA, Inazu A, Yamagishi M, Katsuya T, Nakashima E, Nakatochi M, Yamamoto K, Yokota M, Momozawa Y, Rotter JI, Lander ES, Rader DJ, Danesh J, Ardissino D, Gabriel S, Willer CJ, Abecasis GR, Saleheen D, Kubo M, Kato N, Ida Chen YD, Dewey FE, Kathiresan S. Protein-Truncating Variants at the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene and Risk for Coronary Heart Disease. Circ Res 2017; 121:81-88. [PMID: 28506971 PMCID: PMC5523940 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Therapies that inhibit CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) have failed to demonstrate a reduction in risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Human DNA sequence variants that truncate the CETP gene may provide insight into the efficacy of CETP inhibition. OBJECTIVE To test whether protein-truncating variants (PTVs) at the CETP gene were associated with plasma lipid levels and CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS We sequenced the exons of the CETP gene in 58 469 participants from 12 case-control studies (18 817 CHD cases, 39 652 CHD-free controls). We defined PTV as those that lead to a premature stop, disrupt canonical splice sites, or lead to insertions/deletions that shift frame. We also genotyped 1 Japanese-specific PTV in 27561 participants from 3 case-control studies (14 286 CHD cases, 13 275 CHD-free controls). We tested association of CETP PTV carrier status with both plasma lipids and CHD. Among 58 469 participants with CETP gene-sequencing data available, average age was 51.5 years and 43% were women; 1 in 975 participants carried a PTV at the CETP gene. Compared with noncarriers, carriers of PTV at CETP had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (effect size, 22.6 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval, 18-27; P<1.0×10-4), lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-12.2 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval, -23 to -0.98; P=0.033), and lower triglycerides (-6.3%; 95% confidence interval, -12 to -0.22; P=0.043). CETP PTV carrier status was associated with reduced risk for CHD (summary odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.54-0.90; P=5.1×10-3). CONCLUSIONS Compared with noncarriers, carriers of PTV at CETP displayed higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower triglycerides, and lower risk for CHD.
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Zubair N, Graff M, Luis Ambite J, Bush WS, Kichaev G, Lu Y, Manichaikul A, Sheu WHH, Absher D, Assimes TL, Bielinski SJ, Bottinger EP, Buzkova P, Chuang LM, Chung RH, Cochran B, Dumitrescu L, Gottesman O, Haessler JW, Haiman C, Heiss G, Hsiung CA, Hung YJ, Hwu CM, Juang JMJ, Le Marchand L, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Lin LA, Lin D, Lin SY, Mackey RH, Martin LW, Pasaniuc B, Peters U, Predazzi I, Quertermous T, Reiner AP, Robinson J, Rotter JI, Ryckman KK, Schreiner PJ, Stahl E, Tao R, Tsai MY, Waite LL, Wang TD, Buyske S, Ida Chen YD, Cheng I, Crawford DC, Loos RJF, Rich SS, Fornage M, North KE, Kooperberg C, Carty CL. Fine-mapping of lipid regions in global populations discovers ethnic-specific signals and refines previously identified lipid loci. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 25:5500-5512. [PMID: 28426890 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified over 150 loci associated with lipid traits, however, no large-scale studies exist for Hispanics and other minority populations. Additionally, the genetic architecture of lipid-influencing loci remains largely unknown. We performed one of the most racially/ethnically diverse fine-mapping genetic studies of HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides to-date using SNPs on the MetaboChip array on 54,119 individuals: 21,304 African Americans, 19,829 Hispanic Americans, 12,456 Asians, and 530 American Indians. The majority of signals found in these groups generalize to European Americans. While we uncovered signals unique to racial/ethnic populations, we also observed systematically consistent lipid associations across these groups. In African Americans, we identified three novel signals associated with HDL-C (LPL, APOA5, LCAT) and two associated with LDL-C (ABCG8, DHODH). In addition, using this population, we refined the location for 16 out of the 58 known MetaboChip lipid loci. These results can guide tailored screening efforts, reveal population-specific responses to lipid-lowering medications, and aid in the development of new targeted drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niha Zubair
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jose Luis Ambite
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gleb Kichaev
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Biostatistics Section, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Barbara Cochran
- Genetic Laboratory at the University of Texas Health Science Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Haessler
- WHI Clinical Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming J Juang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i. USA
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-An Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Danyu Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rachel H Mackey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa W Martin
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Irene Predazzi
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Center for Preventative Cardiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kelli K Ryckman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eli Stahl
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lindsay L Waite
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven Buyske
- Department of Statistics & Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Dana C Crawford
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Biostatistics Section, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Charles Kooperberg
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cara L Carty
- Center for Translational Science, George Washington University, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Chien LH, Tseng TJ, Chen CH, Jiang HF, Tsai FY, Liu TW, Hsiung CA, Chang IS. Comparison of annual percentage change in breast cancer incidence rate between Taiwan and the United States-A smoothed Lexis diagram approach. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1762-1775. [PMID: 28560749 PMCID: PMC5504335 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies compared the age effects and birth cohort effects on female invasive breast cancer (FIBC) incidence in Asian populations with those in the US white population. They were based on age–period–cohort model extrapolation and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in the age‐standardized incidence rates (ASR). It is of interest to examine these results based on cohort‐specific annual percentage change in rate (APCR) by age and without age–period–cohort model extrapolation. FIBC data (1991–2010) were obtained from the Taiwan Cancer Registry and the U.S. SEER 9 registries. APCR based on smoothed Lexis diagrams were constructed to study the age, period, and cohort effects on FIBC incidence. The patterns of age‐specific rates by birth cohort are similar between Taiwan and the US. Given any age‐at‐diagnosis group, cohort‐specific rates increased overtime in Taiwan but not in the US; cohort‐specific APCR by age decreased with birth year in both Taiwan and the US but was always positive and large in Taiwan. Given a diagnosis year, APCR decreased as birth year increased in Taiwan but not in the US. In Taiwan, the proportion of APCR attributable to cohort effect was substantial and that due to case ascertainment was becoming smaller. Although our study shows that incidence rates of FIBC have increased rapidly in Taiwan, thereby confirming previous results, the rate of increase over time is slowing. Continued monitoring of APCR and further investigation of the cause of the APCR decrease in Taiwan are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsin Chien
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jui Tseng
- Center of Biomedical Resources, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fang Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Tsang-Wu Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - I-Shou Chang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.,Center of Biomedical Resources, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
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Chen CC, Wang YH, Wang SL, Huang PC, Chuang SC, Chen MH, Chen BH, Sun CW, Fu HC, Lee CC, Wu MT, Chen ML, Hsiung CA. Exposure sources and their relative contributions to urinary phthalate metabolites among children in Taiwan. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:869-879. [PMID: 28457892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phthalate exposure is omnipresent and known to have developmental and reproductive effects in children. The aim of this study was to determine the phthalate exposure sources and their relative contributions among children in Taiwan. During the first wave of the Risk Assessment of Phthalate Incident in Taiwan (RAPIT), in 2012, we measured 8 urinary phthalate metabolites in 226 children aged 1-11 years old and in 181 children from the same cohort for the wave 2 study in 2014. A two-stage statistical analysis approach was adopted. First, a stepwise regression model was used to screen 80 questions that explored the exposure frequency and lifestyle for potential associations. Second, the remaining questions with positive regression coefficients were grouped into the following 6 exposure categories: plastic container/packaging, food, indoor environment, personal care products, toys, and eating out. A mixed model was then applied to assess the relative contributions of these categories for each metabolite. The use of plastic container or food packaging were dominant exposure sources for mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP). The indoor environment was a major exposure source of mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP). The consumption of seafood showed a significant correlation with MEHP. The children's modified dietary behavior and improved living environment in the second study wave were associated with lower phthalate metabolite levels, showing that phthalate exposures can be effectively reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Chih Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Han Wang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chun Fu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substance, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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Wen HJ, Chen CC, Wu MT, Chen ML, Sun CW, Wu WC, Huang IW, Huang PC, Yu TY, Hsiung CA, Wang SL. Phthalate exposure and reproductive hormones and sex-hormone binding globulin before puberty - Phthalate contaminated-foodstuff episode in Taiwan. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175536. [PMID: 28410414 PMCID: PMC5391940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In May 2011, a major incident involving phthalates-contaminated foodstuffs occurred in Taiwan. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was added to foodstuffs, mainly juice, jelly, tea, sports drink, and dietary supplements. Concerns arose that normal pubertal development, especially reproductive hormone regulation in children, could be disrupted by DEHP exposure. Objective To investigate the association between phthalate exposure and reproductive hormone levels among children following potential exposure to phthalate-tainted foodstuffs. Methods A total of 239 children aged <12 years old were recruited from 3 hospitals in north, central, and south Taiwan after the episode. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the frequency and quantity of exposures to 5 categories of phthalate-contaminated foodstuffs to assess phthalate exposure in children. Urine samples were collected for the measurement of phthalate metabolites. The estimated daily intake of DEHP exposure at the time of the contamination incident occurred was calculated using both questionnaire data and urinary DEHP metabolite concentrations. Multiple regression analyses were applied to assess associations between phthalate exposure and reproductive hormone levels in children. Results After excluding children with missing data regarding exposure levels and hormone concentrations and girls with menstruation, 222 children were included in the statistical analyses. After adjustment for age and birth weight, girls with above median levels of urinary mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, and sum of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate concentrations had higher odds of above median follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations. Girls with above median estimated average daily DEHP exposures following the contamination episode also had higher odds of sex hormone-binding globulin above median levels. Conclusions Phthalate exposure was associated with alterations of reproductive hormone levels in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Wen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiu Wu
- Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Huang
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Yu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Division of Health Policy Translation, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CAH); (SLW)
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CAH); (SLW)
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69
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Fernández-Rhodes L, Gong J, Haessler J, Franceschini N, Graff M, Nishimura KK, Wang Y, Highland HM, Yoneyama S, Bush WS, Goodloe R, Ritchie MD, Crawford D, Gross M, Fornage M, Buzkova P, Tao R, Isasi C, Avilés-Santa L, Daviglus M, Mackey RH, Houston D, Gu CC, Ehret G, Nguyen KDH, Lewis CE, Leppert M, Irvin MR, Lim U, Haiman CA, Le Marchand L, Schumacher F, Wilkens L, Lu Y, Bottinger EP, Loos RJL, Sheu WHH, Guo X, Lee WJ, Hai Y, Hung YJ, Absher D, Wu IC, Taylor KD, Lee IT, Liu Y, Wang TD, Quertermous T, Juang JMJ, Rotter JI, Assimes T, Hsiung CA, Chen YDI, Prentice R, Kuller LH, Manson JE, Kooperberg C, Smokowski P, Robinson WR, Gordon-Larsen P, Li R, Hindorff L, Buyske S, Matise TC, Peters U, North KE. Trans-ethnic fine-mapping of genetic loci for body mass index in the diverse ancestral populations of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study reveals evidence for multiple signals at established loci. Hum Genet 2017; 136:771-800. [PMID: 28391526 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Most body mass index (BMI) genetic loci have been identified in studies of primarily European ancestries. The effect of these loci in other racial/ethnic groups is less clear. Thus, we aimed to characterize the generalizability of 170 established BMI variants, or their proxies, to diverse US populations and trans-ethnically fine-map 36 BMI loci using a sample of >102,000 adults of African, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, European and American Indian/Alaskan Native descent from the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology Study. We performed linear regression of the natural log of BMI (18.5-70 kg/m2) on the additive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at BMI loci on the MetaboChip (Illumina, Inc.), adjusting for age, sex, population stratification, study site, or relatedness. We then performed fixed-effect meta-analyses and a Bayesian trans-ethnic meta-analysis to empirically cluster by allele frequency differences. Finally, we approximated conditional and joint associations to test for the presence of secondary signals. We noted directional consistency with the previously reported risk alleles beyond what would have been expected by chance (binomial p < 0.05). Nearly, a quarter of the previously described BMI index SNPs and 29 of 36 densely-genotyped BMI loci on the MetaboChip replicated/generalized in trans-ethnic analyses. We observed multiple signals at nine loci, including the description of seven loci with novel multiple signals. This study supports the generalization of most common genetic loci to diverse ancestral populations and emphasizes the importance of dense multiethnic genomic data in refining the functional variation at genetic loci of interest and describing several loci with multiple underlying genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jian Gong
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine K Nishimura
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sachiko Yoneyama
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Goodloe
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Dana Crawford
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Martha Daviglus
- Insitute of Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel H Mackey
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Denise Houston
- Geriatrics and Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, OH, Switzerland
| | - Khanh-Dung H Nguyen
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark Leppert
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Unhee Lim
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Charles R. Bronfman Instituted for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles R. Bronfman Instituted for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J L Loos
- Charles R. Bronfman Instituted for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang Hai
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - I-Chien Wu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeheng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jyh-Ming J Juang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ross Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lewis H Kuller
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Smokowski
- School of Social Welfare, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Whitney R Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rongling Li
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucia Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven Buyske
- Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Tara C Matise
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Wu IC, Lin CC, Liu CS, Hsu CC, Chen CY, Hsiung CA. Interrelations Between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Inflammation in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:937-944. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I-Chien Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Neurology and Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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71
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Chen CC, Liu K, Hsu CC, Chang HY, Chung HC, Liu JS, Liu YH, Tsai TL, Liaw WJ, Lin IC, Wu HW, Juan CC, Chiu HC, Lee MM, Hsiung CA. Healthy lifestyle and normal waist circumference are associated with a lower 5-year risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly individuals: Results from the healthy aging longitudinal study in Taiwan (HALST). Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6025. [PMID: 28178143 PMCID: PMC5313000 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be closely associated with lifestyle and obesity and has a prevalence that increases with age. This study aimed to assess the short-term composite effect of diet, physical activity, psychosocial health, and waist circumference (WC) on the incidence of DM in the elderly and to provide a lifestyle-based predictive index.We used baseline measurements (2009-2013) of 5349 community-dwelling participants (aged 55 years and older, 52% female) of the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan (HALST) for fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressures, WC, and outcomes of home-visit questionnaire. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify participants with a healthy lifestyle (HLF: higher diet, physical activity, and psychosocial scores) and a lower WC, with cutoffs determined by the receiver-operating characteristics. A Cox regression model was applied to 3424 participants without DM at baseline by linking to their National Health Insurance records (median follow-up of 3.1 years).In total, 247 new DM cases (7.2%) were identified. The HLF and lower WC group had a relative risk (RR) of DM of 0.54 (95% CI 0.35-0.82) compared to the non-HLF and higher WC group. When stratified by the presence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or metabolic syndrome (MS), only participants with IGT/MS showed significant risks (RR 0.55; 95% CI 0.33-0.92). However, except for WC, the individual lifestyle factors were nonsignificant in the overall model without PCA.A composite protective effect of HLF and normal WC on DM within 5 years was observed, especially in those with IGT or MS. Psychosocial health constituted an important lifestyle factor in the elderly. The cutoffs identified could be used as a lifestyle-based risk index for DM. Maintaining an HLF to prevent DM is especially important for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Chih Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chih-Chen Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chun Chung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Shin Liu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - I-Ching Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
| | - Hsi-Wen Wu
- Family Medicine, Community Health Department, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien
| | | | - Hou-Chang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei
- College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Marion M. Lee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Hsu CC, Chang YK, Hsu YH, Lo YR, Liu JS, Hsiung CA, Tsai HJ. Association of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use With Stroke Among Dialysis Patients. Kidney Int Rep 2017; 2:400-409. [PMID: 29142967 PMCID: PMC5678629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limited studies have evaluated risk of stroke associated with the use of NSAIDs in patients with end-stage kidney disease. We examined the adverse effects of selective and nonselective NSAID use on the risk of stroke in dialysis patients. Methods A case-crossover study was conducted using medical claims data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We identified patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (defined as International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification codes 433, 434, and 436 for ischemic stroke and 430 and 431 for hemorrhagic stroke) from inpatient claims during the period from 2003 to 2012. Conditional logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounders were used to determine the effects of NSAID use on stroke. Results A total of 1190 dialysis patients with stroke were identified from 2003 to 2012. The results indicate a 1.31-fold increased risk of stroke related to NSAID use during the 30 days prior to a stroke (AOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.03–1.66); likewise, an excessive risk of ischemic stroke was observed (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.02–1.77). When classifying NSAIDs into selective and nonselective groups, nonselective NSAID use was significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke (AOR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.00–1.61). Discussion In summary, the results show supportive evidence that NSAID use increased the risk of stroke in dialysis patients, which suggests the importance of closely monitoring the transient effects of initial NSAID treatment to patients on dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan
- Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Han Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Lo
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Liu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Correspondence: Hui-Ju Tsai, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan.Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesZhunanMiaoli CountyTaiwan
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Kamiza AB, Hsieh LL, Tang R, Chien HT, Lai CH, Chiu LL, Lo TP, Hung KY, You JF, Wang WC, Hsiung CA, Yeh CC. TP53 Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Lynch Syndrome in Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167354. [PMID: 27907203 PMCID: PMC5131981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim TP53 encodes p53, which has a crucial role in modulating genes that regulate defense against cancer development. This study investigated whether TP53 polymorphisms are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with Lynch syndrome and whether TP53 interacts with lifestyle factors to modify CRC risk. Methods We identified 260 MLH1 and MSH2 germline mutation carriers from the Taiwan Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Consortium. A weighted Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the association of TP53 polymorphisms with CRC development. Results The carriers of the variant C allele of rs1042522 were associated with a decreased CRC risk (GC genotype: HR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14–0.86; CC genotype: HR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.13–0.57). In addition, the dominant model of rs1042522 was associated with a decreased CRC risk (HR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.15–0.67). The CRC risk was decreased in carriers with the CT and TT genotypes of rs12947788 (HR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.08–0.46 and HR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.09–0.65, respectively). Moreover, the dominant model of rs12947788 was significantly associated with a decreased CRC risk (HR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.09–0.46). A haplotype analysis indicated that compared with the most common GC haplotype, the CT haplotype was associated with a decreased CRC risk (HR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.11–0.59). However, no significant interaction was observed between TP53 polymorphisms and lifestyle factors. Conclusion The study results revealed that the rs1042522 genotype with the C allele and the rs12947788 genotype with the T allele in TP53 were associated with a decreased CRC risk in patients with Lynch syndrome in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram Bunya Kamiza
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Reiping Tang
- Colorectal Section, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Tzu Chien
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Lai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Chiu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ping Lo
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Hung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Colorectal Section, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CCY); (CAH)
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CCY); (CAH)
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Wang Y, Adgent M, Su PH, Chen HY, Chen PC, Hsiung CA, Wang SL. Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorocarboxylic Acids (PFCAs) and Fetal and Postnatal Growth in the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study. Environ Health Perspect 2016; 124:1794-1800. [PMID: 26895313 PMCID: PMC5089898 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) are environmentally and biologically persistent synthetic chemicals. PFCAs include perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; C8) and long-chain PFCAs (C9-C20). Studies examining long-chain PFCAs and fetal and postnatal growth are limited. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations of prenatal exposure to long-chain PFCAs with fetal and postnatal growth. METHODS For 223 Taiwanese mothers and their term infants, we measured PFOA and four long-chain PFCAs (ng/mL) in third-trimester maternal serum; infant weight (kg), length and head circumference (cm) at birth; and childhood weight and height at approximately 2, 5, 8, and 11 years of age. For each sex, we used multivariable linear regression to examine associations between ln-transformed prenatal PFCAs and continuous infant measures, and logistic regression to examine small for gestational age (SGA). Linear mixed models were applied to prenatal PFCAs and childhood weight and height z-scores. RESULTS In girls, prenatal perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) concentrations were inversely associated with birth weight [e.g., βbirth weight (kg) = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.11, -0.01 per 1 ln-unit PFUnDA increase]; prenatal PFDeA and PFUnDA were associated with elevated odds of SGA; and PFDeA, PFUnDA, and PFDoDA were associated with lower average childhood height z-score. In boys, prenatal PFNA, and PFDoDA were associated with reductions in height at certain ages in childhood, but not with size at birth. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to long-chain PFCAs may interfere with fetal and childhood growth in girls, and childhood growth in boys. Citation: Wang Y, Adgent M, Su PH, Chen HY, Chen PC, Hsiung CA, Wang SL. 2016. Prenatal exposure to perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and fetal and postnatal growth in the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1794-1800; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Address correspondence to S.-L. Wang, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan. Telephone: 886-37-246-166 ext. 36509. E-mail:
| | - Margaret Adgent
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Address correspondence to S.-L. Wang, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan. Telephone: 886-37-246-166 ext. 36509. E-mail:
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75
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Ehret GB, Ferreira T, Chasman DI, Jackson AU, Schmidt EM, Johnson T, Thorleifsson G, Luan J, Donnelly LA, Kanoni S, Petersen AK, Pihur V, Strawbridge RJ, Shungin D, Hughes MF, Meirelles O, Kaakinen M, Bouatia-Naji N, Kristiansson K, Shah S, Kleber ME, Guo X, Lyytikäinen LP, Fava C, Eriksson N, Nolte IM, Magnusson PK, Salfati EL, Rallidis LS, Theusch E, Smith AJ, Folkersen L, Witkowska K, Pers TH, Joehanes R, Kim SK, Lataniotis L, Jansen R, Johnson AD, Warren H, Kim YJ, Zhao W, Wu Y, Tayo BO, Bochud M, Absher D, Adair LS, Amin N, Arking DE, Axelsson T, Baldassarre D, Balkau B, Bandinelli S, Barnes MR, Barroso I, Bevan S, Bis JC, Bjornsdottir G, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Boomsma DI, Bornstein SR, Brown MJ, Burnier M, Cabrera CP, Chambers JC, Chang IS, Cheng CY, Chines PS, Chung RH, Collins FS, Connell JM, Döring A, Dallongeville J, Danesh J, de Faire U, Delgado G, Dominiczak AF, Doney AS, Drenos F, Edkins S, Eicher JD, Elosua R, Enroth S, Erdmann J, Eriksson P, Esko T, Evangelou E, Evans A, Fall T, Farrall M, Felix JF, Ferrières J, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Forrester T, Franceschini N, Duran OHF, Franco-Cereceda A, Fraser RM, Ganesh SK, Gao H, Gertow K, Gianfagna F, Gigante B, Giulianini F, Goel A, Goodall AH, Goodarzi MO, Gorski M, Gräßler J, Groves C, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Hallmans G, Hartikainen AL, Hassinen M, Havulinna AS, Hayward C, Hercberg S, Herzig KH, Hicks AA, Hingorani AD, Hirschhorn JN, Hofman A, Holmen J, Holmen OL, Hottenga JJ, Howard P, Hsiung CA, Hunt SC, Ikram MA, Illig T, Iribarren C, Jensen RA, Kähönen M, Kang H, Kathiresan S, Keating BJ, Khaw KT, Kim YK, Kim E, Kivimaki M, Klopp N, Kolovou G, Komulainen P, Kooner JS, Kosova G, Krauss RM, Kuh D, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Kvaløy K, Lakka TA, Lee NR, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Levy D, Li X, Liang KW, Lin H, Lin L, Lindström J, Lobbens S, Männistö S, Müller G, Müller-Nurasyid M, Mach F, Markus HS, Marouli E, McCarthy MI, McKenzie CA, Meneton P, Menni C, Metspalu A, Mijatovic V, Moilanen L, Montasser ME, Morris AD, Morrison AC, Mulas A, Nagaraja R, Narisu N, Nikus K, O'Donnell CJ, O'Reilly PF, Ong KK, Paccaud F, Palmer CD, Parsa A, Pedersen NL, Penninx BW, Perola M, Peters A, Poulter N, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Quertermous T, Rao DC, Rasheed A, Rayner NWN, Renström F, Rettig R, Rice KM, Roberts R, Rose LM, Rossouw J, Samani NJ, Sanna S, Saramies J, Schunkert H, Sebert S, Sheu WHH, Shin YA, Sim X, Smit JH, Smith AV, Sosa MX, Spector TD, Stančáková A, Stanton A, Stirrups KE, Stringham HM, Sundstrom J, Swift AJ, Syvänen AC, Tai ES, Tanaka T, Tarasov KV, Teumer A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tobin MD, Tremoli E, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Vaez A, Vaidya D, van Duijn CM, van Iperen EP, Vasan RS, Verwoert GC, Virtamo J, Vitart V, Voight BF, Vollenweider P, Wagner A, Wain LV, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weder AB, Westra HJ, Wilks R, Wilsgaard T, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Yang TP, Yao J, Yengo L, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhu X, Bovet P, Cooper RS, Mohlke KL, Saleheen D, Lee JY, Elliott P, Gierman HJ, Willer CJ, Franke L, Hovingh GK, Taylor KD, Dedoussis G, Sever P, Wong A, Lind L, Assimes TL, Njølstad I, Schwarz PEH, Langenberg C, Snieder H, Caulfield MJ, Melander O, Laakso M, Saltevo J, Rauramaa R, Tuomilehto J, Ingelsson E, Lehtimäki T, Hveem K, Palmas W, März W, Kumari M, Salomaa V, Chen YDI, Rotter JI, Froguel P, Jarvelin MR, Lakatta EG, Kuulasmaa K, Franks PW, Hamsten A, Wichmann HE, Palmer CN, Stefansson K, Ridker PM, Loos RJ, Chakravarti A, Deloukas P, Morris AP, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB. The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1171-1184. [PMID: 27618452 PMCID: PMC5042863 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg B. Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ellen M. Schmidt
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | | | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lousie A. Donnelly
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ann-Kristin Petersen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vasyl Pihur
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rona J. Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Maria F. Hughes
- Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT126JP, UK
| | - Osorio Meirelles
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- INSERM UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- University Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 rue de l'Ecole de medicine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonia Shah
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Cristiano Fava
- University of Lund, Dept Internal Medicine, Malmo, SE 20502, Sweden
- University of Verona, Dept of Internal Medicine, Verona, Italy 37134
| | - Niclas Eriksson
- Uppsala University, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrik K. Magnusson
- Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias L. Salfati
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Theusch
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Andrew J.P. Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kate Witkowska
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tune H. Pers
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic, Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roby Joehanes
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Stuart K. Kim
- Dept. Dev. Bio. And Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lazaros Lataniotis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Helen Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhao
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bamidele O. Tayo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35086, USA
| | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E. Arking
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tomas Axelsson
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Villejuif, France University Paris-Sud, URMS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Michael R. Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Stephen Bevan
- School of Life Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Dept of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Morris J. Brown
- The Barts Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Michel Burnier
- Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 17, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia P. Cabrera
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228
| | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John M. Connell
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | | | - John Danesh
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anna F. Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QT, UK
| | - Alex S.F. Doney
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Sarah Edkins
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
| | - John D. Eicher
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics. IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universiät zu Lübeck, RatzeburgerAllee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Per Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Divisions of Endocrinology/Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Alun Evans
- Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT126JP, UK
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Farrall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Janine F. Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil University Hospital, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Oscar H. Franco Duran
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Ross M. Fraser
- Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- Synpromics Ltd, 9 Bioquarter, Little France Road, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Scotland
| | - Santhi K. Ganesh
- University of Michigan Medical School, 7220 MSRB III, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Karl Gertow
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- EPIMED Research Centre - Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gräßler
- Department of Medicine III, Division Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christopher Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Serge Hercberg
- UREN, INSERM U557, INRA U1125, CNAM, SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, 39100, Italy - affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aroon D. Hingorani
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jostein Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Lingaas Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
- St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Phil Howard
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Human Genetics, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Richard A. Jensen
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Brendan J. Keating
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Kim
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Norman Klopp
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- 1st Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center 356, Sygrou Ave, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gulum Kosova
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ronald M. Krauss
- Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsti Kvaløy
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nanette R. Lee
- Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc., Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Center for Evidence-based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 81377, Germany
| | - François Mach
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Hugh S. Markus
- Neurology Unit, University of Cambridge, R3, Box 83, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Cb2 0QQ, UK
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin A. McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Pierre Meneton
- INSERM U1142 LIMICS, UMR_S 1142 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Vladan Mijatovic
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Leena Moilanen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - May E. Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Andrew D. Morris
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monseratto, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Ramaiah Nagaraja
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Christopher J. O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul F. O'Reilly
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fred Paccaud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cameron D. Palmer
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Genetics and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, 39100, Italy - affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dabeeru C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N William N.W.R. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kenneth M. Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Roberts
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre Ontario, Canada
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jacques Rossouw
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Ave., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monseratto, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | | | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), München, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Center For Life-course Health Research, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Wayne H.-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Young-Ah Shin
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117597
| | - Johannes H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maria X. Sosa
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alena Stančáková
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alice Stanton
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kathleen E. Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - E-Shyong Tai
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117597
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Kirill V. Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of internal medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830 East Monument St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB 1-2), NGI Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik P.A. van Iperen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Section of Preventive medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
| | - Germaine C. Verwoert
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jarmo Virtamo
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA3430, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Louise V. Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alan B. Weder
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rainford Wilks
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - James F. Wilson
- Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Tien Y. Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228
| | - Tsun-Po Yang
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Loic Yengo
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Hinco J. Gierman
- Dept. Dev. Bio. And Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Enterprise Informatics, Illumina Inc., Santa Clara CA, 95050, USA
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9711, The Netherlands
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Dept Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Peter EH. Schwarz
- Dept of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Olle Melander
- University of Lund, Dept Internal Medicine, Malmo, SE 20502, Sweden
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Saltevo
- Department of Medicine, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462 Kuwait
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, P5, 7, 68161 Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Meena Kumari
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yii-Der I. Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Center For Life-course Health Research, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, P.O.Box 20, FI-90220 Oulu, 90029 OYS, Finland
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 81377, Germany
- Grosshadern, Klinikum, München 81377, Germany
| | - Colin N.A. Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mindich Child health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Hsu WY, Tsai HJ, Yu SH, Hsu CC, Tsai YT, Tzeng HY, Lin IC, Liu K, Lee MM, Chiu NY, Hsiung CA. Association of depression and psychotropic medication on cardiac-related outcomes in a nationwide community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4419. [PMID: 27495061 PMCID: PMC4979815 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association of depression, psychotropic medications, and mental illness with cardiovascular disease in a nationwide community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan. A total of 5664 participants who enrolled in the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan (HALST) were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression was applied to investigate the association of depression, psychotropic medication use, and mental illness, separately, with cardiovascular disease. The results suggested that cardiovascular disease was significantly associated with various definitions of depression, including: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) ≥ 16, self-reported, and physician-diagnosed for depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-2.00 for CES-D; AOR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.99-5.42 for self-reported; and AOR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.51-3.97 for physician-diagnosed). Additionally, significant associations of cardiovascular disease with the use of antipsychotics (AOR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.25-3.34), benzodiazepines (BZDs) (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.52-2.21), and Z-drugs (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.03-1.93), respectively, were also observed, but not the use of antidepressants. In addition, a significant association of cardiovascular disease with mental illness was found in this study (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.68-3.24). In line with previous reports, these findings provided supportive evidence that depression and/or mental illness were significantly associated with cardiovascular disease in a community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan. Moreover, significant associations of cardiovascular disease with the use of antipsychotics, BZDs, and Z-drugs, individually, were found. Further investigation would be of importance to clarify the causal relationship of depression and/or psychotropic medications with cardiovascular disease, especially among elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
- Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Christian Hospital, Lukang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung
- Center for Aging and Health, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Aesthetic-Mind Clinic
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yun Tzeng
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Lin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Center for Aging and Health, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Marion M. Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nan-Ying Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
- Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Christian Hospital, Lukang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Center for Aging and Health, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Tsai HJ, Wu CF, Tsai YC, Huang PC, Chen ML, Wang SL, Chen BH, Chen CC, Wu WC, Hsu PS, Hsiung CA, Wu MT. Intake of Phthalate-tainted Foods and Serum Thyroid Hormones in Taiwanese Children and Adolescents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30589. [PMID: 27470018 PMCID: PMC4965773 DOI: 10.1038/srep30589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
On April-May, 2011, phthalates, mainly Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were deliberately added to a variety of foodstuff as a substitute emulsifier in Taiwan. This study investigated the relationship between DEHP-tainted foodstuffs exposure and thyroid function in possibly affected children and adolescents. Two hundred fifty participants <18 years possibly exposed to DEHP were enrolled in this study between August 2012 and January 2013. Questionnaires were used to collect details on their past exposure to DEHP-tainted food items. Blood and urine samples were collected for biochemical workups to measure current exposure derived from three urinary DEHP metabolites using a creatinine excretion-based model. More than half of 250 participants were estimated to be exposed to DEHP-tainted foods found to exceed the recommend tolerable daily intake of DEHP established by the European Food Safety Authority (<50 μg/kg/day). The median daily DEHP intake (DDI) among those 250 participants was 46.52 μg/kg/day after multiple imputation. This value was ~10-fold higher than the current median DEHP intake (4.46 μg/kg/day, n = 240). Neither past nor current DEHP exposure intensity was significantly associated with serum thyroid profiles. Future studies may want to follow the long-term health effects of this food scandal in affected children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Shan Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lan Q, Wang Z, Seow WJ, Shiraishi K, Shen H, Hsiung CA, Matsuo K, Liu J, Chen K, Yamji T, Yang Y, Chang IS, Wu C, Yeager M, Kohno T, Zheng W, Shu XO, Yang PC, Wu T, Lin D, Zhou B, Yu J, Kubo M, Chanock SJ, Rothman N. Abstract 2568: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies multiple lung cancer susceptibility loci in never-smoking Asian women. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The incidence rates of lung cancer among never-smoking females in some parts of East Asia are among the highest in the world. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of lung cancer in Asian never-smoking women have previously identified six susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer risk including 3q28, 5p15.33, 6p21.32, 6q22.2, 10q25.2 and 17q24.3. This study aims to discover additional lung cancer susceptibility loci among never-smoking Asian females.
Methods: We imputed data from four GWAS of Asian non-smoking female lung cancer (6,877 cases and 6,277 controls) using the 1,000 Genomes Project (Phase 1 Release 3) data as the reference and genotyped additional samples (5,878 cases and 7,046 controls) for potential replication.
Results: In our meta-analysis, three new loci achieved genome-wide significance, marked by the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs7741164 at 6p21.1 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.17; P = 5.8 × 10-13), rs72658409 at 9p21.3 (per-allele OR = 0.77; P = 1.41 ×10-10), and rs11610143 at 12q13.13 (per-allele OR = 0.89; P = 4.96 ×10-9).
Conclusions: We identified new genetic susceptibility alleles for lung cancer in never-smoking women in Asia. These findings merit follow-up to understand their biological underpinnings and potential interactions with environmental exposures.
Citation Format: Qing Lan, Zhaoming Wang, Wei Jie Seow, Kouya Shiraishi, Hongbing Shen, Chao A. Hsiung, Keitaro Matsuo, Jie Liu, Kexin Chen, Taiki Yamji, Yang Yang, I-Shou Chang, Chen Wu, Meredith Yeager, Takashi Kohno, Wei Zheng, Xiao-Ou Shu, Pan-Chyr Yang, Tangchun Wu, Dongxin Lin, Baosen Zhou, Jinming Yu, Michiaki Kubo, Stephen J. Chanock, Nathaniel Rothman. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies multiple lung cancer susceptibility loci in never-smoking Asian women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2568.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jie Liu
- 7Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- 8Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yang Yang
- 10Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - I-Shou Chang
- 5National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen Wu
- 11Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Wei Zheng
- 12Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- 12Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- 13National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Dongxin Lin
- 11Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jinming Yu
- 7Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- 16RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
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Sung PY, Wang YT, Hsiung CA, Chung RH. GCORE-sib: An efficient gene-gene interaction tool for genome-wide association studies based on discordant sib pairs. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17:273. [PMID: 27391654 PMCID: PMC4939061 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-016-1145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A computationally efficient tool is required for a genome-wide gene-gene interaction analysis that tests an extremely large number of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) interaction pairs in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Current tools for GWAS interaction analysis are mainly developed for unrelated case-control samples. Relatively fewer tools for interaction analysis are available for complex disease studies with family-based design, and these tools tend to be computationally expensive. RESULTS We developed a fast gene-gene interaction test, GCORE-sib, for discordant sib pairs and implemented the test into an efficient tool. We used simulations to demonstrate that the GCORE-sib has correct type I error rates and has comparable power to that of the regression-based interaction test. We also showed that the GCORE-sib can run more than 10 times faster than the regression-based test. Finally, the GCORE-sib was applied to a GWAS dataset with approximately 2,000 discordant sib pairs, and the GCORE-sib finished testing 19,368,078,382 pairs of SNPs within 6 days. CONCLUSIONS An efficient gene-gene interaction tool for discordant sib pairs was developed. It will be very useful for genome-wide gene-gene interaction analysis in GWAS using discordant sib pairs. The tool can be downloaded for free at http://gcore-sib.sourceforge.net .
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yuan Sung
- Institute of Statistics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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80
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Machiela MJ, Zhou W, Karlins E, Sampson JN, Freedman ND, Yang Q, Hicks B, Dagnall C, Hautman C, Jacobs KB, Abnet CC, Aldrich MC, Amos C, Amundadottir LT, Arslan AA, Beane-Freeman LE, Berndt SI, Black A, Blot WJ, Bock CH, Bracci PM, Brinton LA, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Burdett L, Buring JE, Butler MA, Canzian F, Carreón T, Chaffee KG, Chang IS, Chatterjee N, Chen C, Chen C, Chen K, Chung CC, Cook LS, Crous Bou M, Cullen M, Davis FG, De Vivo I, Ding T, Doherty J, Duell EJ, Epstein CG, Fan JH, Figueroa JD, Fraumeni JF, Friedenreich CM, Fuchs CS, Gallinger S, Gao YT, Gapstur SM, Garcia-Closas M, Gaudet MM, Gaziano JM, Giles GG, Gillanders EM, Giovannucci EL, Goldin L, Goldstein AM, Haiman CA, Hallmans G, Hankinson SE, Harris CC, Henriksson R, Holly EA, Hong YC, Hoover RN, Hsiung CA, Hu N, Hu W, Hunter DJ, Hutchinson A, Jenab M, Johansen C, Khaw KT, Kim HN, Kim YH, Kim YT, Klein AP, Klein R, Koh WP, Kolonel LN, Kooperberg C, Kraft P, Krogh V, Kurtz RC, LaCroix A, Lan Q, Landi MT, Marchand LL, Li D, Liang X, Liao LM, Lin D, Liu J, Lissowska J, Lu L, Magliocco AM, Malats N, Matsuo K, McNeill LH, McWilliams RR, Melin BS, Mirabello L, Moore L, Olson SH, Orlow I, Park JY, Patiño-Garcia A, Peplonska B, Peters U, Petersen GM, Pooler L, Prescott J, Prokunina-Olsson L, Purdue MP, Qiao YL, Rajaraman P, Real FX, Riboli E, Risch HA, Rodriguez-Santiago B, Ruder AM, Savage SA, Schumacher F, Schwartz AG, Schwartz KL, Seow A, Wendy Setiawan V, Severi G, Shen H, Sheng X, Shin MH, Shu XO, Silverman DT, Spitz MR, Stevens VL, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Stram D, Tang ZZ, Taylor PR, Teras LR, Tobias GS, Van Den Berg D, Visvanathan K, Wacholder S, Wang JC, Wang Z, Wentzensen N, Wheeler W, White E, Wiencke JK, Wolpin BM, Wong MP, Wu C, Wu T, Wu X, Wu YL, Wunder JS, Xia L, Yang HP, Yang PC, Yu K, Zanetti KA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Zheng W, Zhou B, Ziegler RG, Perez-Jurado LA, Caporaso NE, Rothman N, Tucker M, Dean MC, Yeager M, Chanock SJ. Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11843. [PMID: 27291797 PMCID: PMC4909985 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events >2 Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases. It is unclear how often genetic mosaicism of chromosome X arises. Here, the authors examine women with cancer and cancer-free controls and show that X chromosome mosaicism occurs more frequently than on autosomes, especially on the inactive X chromosome, but is not linked to non-haematologic cancer risk
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Weiyin Zhou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Eric Karlins
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Qi Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Casey Dagnall
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Christopher Hautman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kevin B Jacobs
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Bioinformed, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20877, USA
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Christopher Amos
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,New York University Cancer Institute, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Laura E Beane-Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.,International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | - Cathryn H Bock
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mary A Butler
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA
| | - Federico Canzian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tania Carreón
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA
| | - Kari G Chaffee
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Constance Chen
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300040, China
| | - Charles C Chung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Linda S Cook
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Marta Crous Bou
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Michael Cullen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Faith G Davis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2R3
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ti Ding
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caroline G Epstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jin-Hu Fan
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Population Health Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 2T9
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Fred A Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotaong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Centre, Institute for Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center/VA Cooperative Studies Programs, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria &Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth M Gillanders
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lynn Goldin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Goran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Roger Henriksson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology, Finsen Centre, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Unit of Survivorship Research, The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Hee Nam Kim
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeul Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Robert Klein
- Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Robert C Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Andrea LaCroix
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology &Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore 138672, Singapore.,School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw 02-781, Poland
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Anthony M Magliocco
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Nuria Malats
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, and Center for Community-Engaged Translational Research, Duncan Family Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Beatrice S Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Lee Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu 101, Republic of Korea
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Beata Peplonska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz 91-348, Poland
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Loreall Pooler
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Jennifer Prescott
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Francisco X Real
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Elio Riboli
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez-Santiago
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, 28029, Spain.,Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratory, qGenomics, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Avima M Ruder
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Kendra L Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria &Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xin Sheng
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanju 501-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Ze-Zhong Tang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Tobias
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics Division, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jiu-Cun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - William Wheeler
- Information Management Services Inc., Calverton, Maryland, 20904, USA
| | - Emily White
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Maria Pik Wong
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology &Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430400, China
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital &Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 515200, China
| | - Jay S Wunder
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital &Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 515200, China
| | - Lucy Xia
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Krista A Zanetti
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- New York University Cancer Institute, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Luis A Perez-Jurado
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, 28029, Spain
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Michael C Dean
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.,Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Tsai HJ, Chen BH, Wu CF, Wang SL, Huang PC, Tsai YC, Chen ML, Ho CK, Hsiung CA, Wu MT. Intake of phthalate-tainted foods and microalbuminuria in children: The 2011 Taiwan food scandal. Environ Int 2016; 89-90:129-37. [PMID: 26827184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major threat to public health involving phthalate-tainted foodstuffs occurred in Taiwan in 2011. Phthalates, mainly di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were intentionally added to several categories of food commonly consumed by children. This study investigated the relationship between intake of the phthalate-tainted foods and renal function in children. METHODS Children aged ≤10years with possible phthalate exposure were enrolled in this study between August 2012 and January 2013. Questionnaires were used to collect details of exposure to phthalate-tainted foodstuffs, and blood and urine samples were collected for clinical biochemical workup. The clinical biomarkers of renal injury, including urinary microalbumin, N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), and β2-microglobulin were measured. Exposure was categorized based on recommended tolerable daily intake level defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (0.02mg/kg/day) and the European Food Safety Authority (0.05mg/kg/day). RESULTS We analyzed intake and renal function of 184 children whose intake of DEHP-tainted foods was known. Higher DEHP exposure to DEHP-tainted foods was significantly associated with increase of urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR). Children in the high-exposed group (daily DEHP intake (DDI)>0.05mg/kg/day) had 10.395 times the risk of microalbuminuria than the low-exposed group (DDI≤0.02 and >0mg/kg/day) and no-exposed group combined after adjustment (95% CI=1.096-98.580, P=0.04). CONCLUSION Intake of DEHP from phthalate-tainted foods may be a potential risk factor for microalbuminuria, a marker of glomerular injury in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ho
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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82
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Assimes TL, Lee IT, Juang JM, Guo X, Wang TD, Kim ET, Lee WJ, Absher D, Chiu YF, Hsu CC, Chuang LM, Quertermous T, Hsiung CA, Rotter JI, Sheu WHH, Chen YDI, Taylor KD. Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Taiwan: A Cardiometabochip Study by the Taichi Consortium. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0138014. [PMID: 26982883 PMCID: PMC4794124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
By means of a combination of genome-wide and follow-up studies, recent large-scale association studies of populations of European descent have now identified over 46 loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). As part of the TAICHI Consortium, we have collected and genotyped 8556 subjects from Taiwan, comprising 5423 controls and 3133 cases with coronary artery disease, for 9087 CAD SNPs using the CardioMetaboChip. We applied penalized logistic regression to ascertain the top SNPs that contribute together to CAD susceptibility in Taiwan. We observed that the 9p21 locus contributes to CAD at the level of genome-wide significance (rs1537372, with the presence of C, the major allele, the effect estimate is -0.216, standard error 0.033, p value 5.8x10-10). In contrast to a previous report, we propose that the 9p21 locus is a single genetic contribution to CAD in Taiwan because: 1) the penalized logistic regression and the follow-up conditional analysis suggested that rs1537372 accounts for all of the CAD association in 9p21, and 2) the high linkage disequilibrium observed for all associated SNPs in 9p21. We also observed evidence for the following loci at a false discovery rate >5%: SH2B3, ADAMTS7, PHACTR1, GGCX, HTRA1, COL4A1, and LARP6-LRRC49. We also took advantage of the fact that penalized methods are an efficient approach to search for gene-by-gene interactions, and observed that two-way interactions between the PHACTR1 and ADAMTS7 loci and between the SH2B3 and COL4A1 loci contribute to CAD risk. Both the similarities and differences between the significance of these loci when compared with significance of loci in studies of populations of European descent underscore the fact that further genetic association of studies in additional populations will provide clues to identify the genetic architecture of CAD across all populations worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themistocles L. Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - I. -T. Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Juang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric T. Kim
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Wayne H.-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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83
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Chang TJ, Wang WC, Hsiung CA, He CT, Lin MW, Sheu WHH, Chang YC, Quertermous T, Chen I, Rotter J, Chuang LM. Genetic Variation in the Human SORBS1 Gene is Associated With Blood Pressure Regulation and Age at Onset of Hypertension: A SAPPHIRe Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2970. [PMID: 26962801 PMCID: PMC4998882 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential hypertension is a complex disease involving multiple genetic and environmental factors. A human gene containing a sorbin homology domain and 3 SH3 domains in the C-terminal region, termed SORBS1, plays a significant role in insulin signaling. We previously found a significant association between the T228A polymorphism and insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. It has been hypothesized that a set of genes responsible for insulin resistance may be closely linked with genes susceptible to the development of hypertension. Identification of insulin resistance-related genetic factors may, therefore, enhance our understanding of essential hypertension. This study aimed to examine whether common SORBS1 genetic variations are associated with blood pressure and age at onset of hypertension in an ethnic Chinese cohort.We genotyped 9 common tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms of the SORBS1 gene in 1136 subjects of Chinese origin from the Stanford Asia-Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance family study. Blood pressure was measured upon enrolment. The associations of the SORBS1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with blood pressure and the presence of hypertension were analyzed with a generalized estimating equation model. We used the false-discovery rate measure Q value with a cutoff <0.1 to adjust for multiple comparisons. In the Cox regression analysis for hypertension-free survival, a robust sandwich variance estimator was used to deal with the within-family correlations with age at onset of hypertension. Gender, body mass index, and antihypertension medication were adjustment covariates in the Cox regression analysis.In this study, genetic variants of rs2281939 and rs2274490 were significantly associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A genetic variant of rs2274490 was also significantly associated with the presence of hypertension. Furthermore, genetic variants of rs2281939 and rs2274490 were associated with age at onset of hypertension after adjustment for gender, body mass index, and antihypertension medication.In conclusion, we provide evidence for an association between common SORBS1 genetic variations and blood pressure, presence of hypertension, and age at onset of hypertension. The biological mechanism of genetic variation associated with blood pressure regulation needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Jyun Chang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (T-JC, Y-CC, L-MC); The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (W-CW); Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (W-CW, C-AH); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C-TH); Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (M-WL); Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (M-WL); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (WH-HS); Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan (Y-CC); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Falk CVRC, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (TQ); Los Angles Biomedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA (IC, JR); Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (L-MC)
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84
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Yang SY, Hsiung CN, Li YJ, Chang GC, Tsai YH, Chen KY, Huang MS, Su WC, Chen YM, Hsiung CA, Yang PC, Chen CJ, Wu PE, Yu JC, Shen CY, Hsu HM. Fanconi anemia genes in lung adenocarcinoma- a pathway-wide study on cancer susceptibility. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:23. [PMID: 26842001 PMCID: PMC4739091 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinogens in cigarette smoke can induce the formation of DNA-DNA cross-links, which are repaired by the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, and it is tempting to speculate that this pathway is involved in lung tumorigenesis. This study is to determine whether genetic polymorphism of the FA genes is associated with an elevated risk of lung adenocarcinoma, and whether the association between genotypes and risk is modified by exposure to cigarette smoke. Methods This case–control study genotyped 53 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FA genes in 709 patients (354 males and 355 females) with lung adenocarcinoma and in 726 cancer-free individuals (339 males and 387 females). Genotypic frequencies of SNPs were compared between cases and controls to identify important FA genes associated with cancer susceptibility. Joint effects in determining cancer risk contributed by genes and smoking-related risk factors and by multiple genes involved in different FA subpathways were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis and stratified analysis. All analyses were performed on males and females separately, and the comparison of results was considered a way of examining the validity of study findings. Results Lung adenocarcinomas in both male and female patients were associated with (a) genotypic polymorphisms of FANCC and FANCD1; (b) a combined effect of harboring a higher number of high-risk genotypes and smoking/passive smoking; (c) specific interactions of multiple genes, proteins encoded by which have been known to work jointly within the FA pathway. Conclusions Genetic polymorphism of the FA genes is associated with inter-individual susceptibility to lung adenocarcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0240-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Yao-Jen Li
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lincou, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Life Science Library, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Environmental Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Huan-Ming Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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85
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Wang Z, Seow WJ, Shiraishi K, Hsiung CA, Matsuo K, Liu J, Chen K, Yamji T, Yang Y, Chang IS, Wu C, Hong YC, Burdett L, Wyatt K, Chung CC, Li SA, Yeager M, Hutchinson A, Hu W, Caporaso N, Landi MT, Chatterjee N, Song M, Fraumeni JF, Kohno T, Yokota J, Kunitoh H, Ashikawa K, Momozawa Y, Daigo Y, Mitsudomi T, Yatabe Y, Hida T, Hu Z, Dai J, Ma H, Jin G, Song B, Wang Z, Cheng S, Yin Z, Li X, Ren Y, Guan P, Chang J, Tan W, Chen CJ, Chang GC, Tsai YH, Su WC, Chen KY, Huang MS, Chen YM, Zheng H, Li H, Cui P, Guo H, Xu P, Liu L, Iwasaki M, Shimazu T, Tsugane S, Zhu J, Jiang G, Fei K, Park JY, Kim YH, Sung JS, Park KH, Kim YT, Jung YJ, Kang CH, Park IK, Kim HN, Jeon HS, Choi JE, Choi YY, Kim JH, Oh IJ, Kim YC, Sung SW, Kim JS, Yoon HI, Kweon SS, Shin MH, Seow A, Chen Y, Lim WY, Liu J, Wong MP, Lee VHF, Bassig BA, Tucker M, Berndt SI, Chow WH, Ji BT, Wang J, Xu J, Sihoe ADL, Ho JCM, Chan JKC, Wang JC, Lu D, Zhao X, Zhao Z, Wu J, Chen H, Jin L, Wei F, Wu G, An SJ, Zhang XC, Su J, Wu YL, Gao YT, Xiang YB, He X, Li J, Zheng W, Shu XO, Cai Q, Klein R, Pao W, Lawrence C, Hosgood HD, Hsiao CF, Chien LH, Chen YH, Chen CH, Wang WC, Chen CY, Wang CL, Yu CJ, Chen HL, Su YC, Tsai FY, Chen YS, Li YJ, Yang TY, Lin CC, Yang PC, Wu T, Lin D, Zhou B, Yu J, Shen H, Kubo M, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Lan Q. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies multiple lung cancer susceptibility loci in never-smoking Asian women. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:620-9. [PMID: 26732429 PMCID: PMC4731021 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of lung cancer in Asian never-smoking women have previously identified six susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer risk. To further discover new susceptibility loci, we imputed data from four GWAS of Asian non-smoking female lung cancer (6877 cases and 6277 controls) using the 1000 Genomes Project (Phase 1 Release 3) data as the reference and genotyped additional samples (5878 cases and 7046 controls) for possible replication. In our meta-analysis, three new loci achieved genome-wide significance, marked by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7741164 at 6p21.1 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.17; P = 5.8 × 10(-13)), rs72658409 at 9p21.3 (per-allele OR = 0.77; P = 1.41 × 10(-10)) and rs11610143 at 12q13.13 (per-allele OR = 0.89; P = 4.96 × 10(-9)). These findings identified new genetic susceptibility alleles for lung cancer in never-smoking women in Asia and merit follow-up to understand their biological underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Wang
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA,
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Taiki Yamji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Laurie Burdett
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Wyatt
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Charles C Chung
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shengchao A Li
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Minsun Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Yokota
- Cancer Genome Biology Group, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hideo Kunitoh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyota Ashikawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yataro Daigo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, Sayama, Japan
| | | | - Toyoaki Hida
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bao Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Sensen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangwu Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, College of Medical Science and Technology
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation Staff-Worker Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ke Fei
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yeul Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sook Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Kang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyu Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Nam Kim
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Sung Jeon
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Young Choi
- Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Young-Chul Kim
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Jun Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-eup, Republic of Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yen Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Maria Pik Wong
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Junwen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Genomic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - James C M Ho
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John K C Chan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiu-Cun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daru Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhong Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fusheng Wei
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guoping Wu
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, China
| | - She-Juan An
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center and Cancer Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingzhou He
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jihua Li
- Qujing Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Sanjiangdadao, Qujing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert Klein
- Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Pao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan and
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yao-Jen Li
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Knowles JW, Xie W, Zhang Z, Chennamsetty I, Assimes TL, Paananen J, Hansson O, Pankow J, Goodarzi MO, Carcamo-Orive I, Morris AP, Chen YDI, Mäkinen VP, Ganna A, Mahajan A, Guo X, Abbasi F, Greenawalt DM, Lum P, Molony C, Lind L, Lindgren C, Raffel LJ, Tsao PS, Schadt EE, Rotter JI, Sinaiko A, Reaven G, Yang X, Hsiung CA, Groop L, Cordell HJ, Laakso M, Hao K, Ingelsson E, Frayling TM, Weedon MN, Walker M, Quertermous T. Identification and validation of N-acetyltransferase 2 as an insulin sensitivity gene. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:403. [PMID: 26727231 DOI: 10.1172/jci85921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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87
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Hsu CC, Wang H, Hsu YH, Chuang SY, Huang YW, Chang YK, Liu JS, Hsiung CA, Tsai HJ. Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Subjects With Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 66:524-33. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.05105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Hsu
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Hongjian Wang
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Yueh-Han Hsu
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Shao-Yuan Chuang
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Ya-Wen Huang
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Yu-Kang Chang
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Jia-Sin Liu
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- From the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.-C.H., S.-Y.C., Y.-W.H., Y.-K.C., J.-S.L., C.A.H., H.-J.T.); Departments of Health Services Administration (C.-C.H., Y.-H.H.) and Public Health (H.-J.T.), China Medical University, Taichuang City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy
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Machiela MJ, Hsiung CA, Shu XO, Seow WJ, Wang Z, Matsuo K, Hong YC, Seow A, Wu C, Hosgood HD, Chen K, Wang JC, Wen W, Wu T, Wong MP, Wu YL, Yang PC, Zhou B, Shin MH, Fraumeni JF, Zheng W, Lin D, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Lan Q. Abstract 4596: Genetic variants associated with longer telomere length are associated with increased lung cancer risk among never-smoking women in Asia: A report from the Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia. Epidemiology 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen CJ, Wu FT, Huang YC, Chang WC, Wu HS, Wu CY, Lin JS, Huang FC, Hsiung CA. Clinical and Epidemiologic Features of Severe Viral Gastroenteritis in Children: A 3-Year Surveillance, Multicentered Study in Taiwan With Partial Rotavirus Immunization. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1372. [PMID: 26287425 PMCID: PMC4616446 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global epidemiological landscape of childhood acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is changing after the introduction of 2 effective rotavirus vaccines in 2006. A comprehensive evaluation for viral etiology of childhood AGE in Taiwan, where rotavirus vaccination was provided by the private sector since 2006, is lacking.From 2009 to 2011, children younger than 5 years of age with AGE who were hospitalized at 3 sentinel hospitals were enrolled in this surveillance study. Stool specimens were tested for rotavirus, norovirus, enteric adenovirus, and astrovirus. The epidemiologic and clinical information was collected by questionnaire-based interviews and chart reviews.Viral agents were detected in 1055 (37.5%) of 2810 subjects, with rotavirus (21.2%) being the leading cause of disease, followed by norovirus (14.9%), enteric adenovirus (3.74%), astrovirus (2.10%), and a mixture of at least 2 of 4 above-mentioned viruses (4.06%). The majority (56%) of the viral AGE occurred in children <2 years of age. Rotavirus and norovirus were detected more frequently in cool seasons (P < 0.0001 for both), whereas no seasonal variation was observed for adenovirus and astrovirus. Adult households with diarrhea and a Vesikari score >10 were independent factors respectively associated with an increased risk of norovirus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.034, P = 0.0003) and rotavirus (aOR, 3.284, P < 0.0001) infections. Rotavirus immunization and female gender were protective factors against rotavirus (aOR, 0.198, P < 0.0001) and astrovirus (aOR, 0.382, P = 0.0299) infections, respectively.Rotavirus and norovirus are the 2 most important viral agents of childhood AGE in Taiwan with partial rotavirus immunization. In addition, different enteric viruses are associated with distinct epidemiologic and clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jung Chen
- From the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC (C-JC, Y-CH); Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC (C-JC, Y-CH); Center for Research, Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (F-TW, H-SW, C-YW); Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC (W-CC, CAH); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC (J-SL); and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC (F-CH)
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Chien LC, Wu YJ, Hsiung CA, Wang LH, Chang IS. Smoothed Lexis Diagrams With Applications to Lung and Breast Cancer Trends in Taiwan. J Am Stat Assoc 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2015.1042106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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91
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Huang HB, Chen HY, Su PH, Huang PC, Sun CW, Wang CJ, Chen HY, Hsiung CA, Wang SL. Fetal and Childhood Exposure to Phthalate Diesters and Cognitive Function in Children Up to 12 Years of Age: Taiwanese Maternal and Infant Cohort Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131910. [PMID: 26121592 PMCID: PMC4488303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between environmental phthalate exposure and children’s neurocognitive development. This longitudinal study examined cognitive function in relation to pre-and postnatal phthalate exposure in children 2–12 years old. We recruited 430 pregnant women in their third trimester in Taichung, Taiwan from 2001–2002. A total of 110, 79, 76, and 73 children were followed up at ages 2, 5, 8, and 11, respectively. We evaluated the children’s cognitive function at four different time points using the Bayley and Wechsler tests for assessing neurocognitive functions and intelligence (IQ). Urine samples were collected from mothers during pregnancy and from children at each follow-up visit. They were analyzed for seven metabolite concentrations of widely used phthalate esters. These esters included monomethyl phthalate, monoethyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, and three metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, namely, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate. We constructed a linear mixed model to examine the relationships between the phthalate metabolite concentrations and the Bayley and IQ scores. We found significant inverse associations between the children’s levels of urinary mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate and the sum of the three metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and their IQ scores (β = -1.818; 95% CI: -3.061, -0.574, p = 0.004 for mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; β = -1.575; 95% CI: -3.037, -0.113, p = 0.035 for the sum of the three metabolites) after controlling for maternal phthalate levels and potential confounders. We did not observe significant associations between maternal phthalate exposure and the children’s IQ scores. Children’s but not prenatal phthalate exposure was associated with decreased cognitive development in the young children. Large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Huang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Department of Special Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Wang
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Chen
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (S-LW); (CAH)
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (S-LW); (CAH)
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Kamiza AB, Hsieh LL, Tang R, Chien HT, Lai CH, Chiu LL, Lo TP, Hung KY, Wang CY, You JF, Hsiung CA, Yeh CC. Risk Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in a Subset of Patients with Mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 in Taiwan Fulfilling the Amsterdam II Criteria for Lynch Syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130018. [PMID: 26053027 PMCID: PMC4460082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Lynch syndrome, caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes, is a predisposing factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). This retrospective cohort study investigated the risk factors associated with the development of CRC in patients with MLH1 and MSH2 germline mutations. METHODS In total, 301 MLH1 and MSH2 germline mutation carriers were identified from the Amsterdam criteria family registry provided by the Taiwan Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Consortium. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the association between the risk factors and CRC development. A robust sandwich covariance estimation model was used to evaluate family dependence. RESULTS Among the total cohort, subjects of the Hakka ethnicity exhibited an increased CRC risk (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.09-2.34); however, those who performed regular physical activity exhibited a decreased CRC risk (HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41-0.88). The CRC risk was enhanced in MLH1 germline mutation carriers, with corresponding HRs of 1.72 (95% CI = 1.16-2.55) and 0.54 (95% CI = 0.34-0.83) among subjects of the Hakka ethnicity and those who performed regular physical activity, respectively. In addition, the total cohort with a manual occupation had a 1.56 times higher CRC risk (95% CI = 1.07-2.27) than did that with a skilled occupation. Moreover, MSH2 germline mutation carriers with blood group type B exhibited an increased risk of CRC development (HR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.06-6.58) compared with those with blood group type O. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that Hakka ethnicity, manual occupation, and blood group type B were associated with an increased CRC risk, whereas regular physical activity was associated with a decreased CRC risk in MLH1 and MSH2 germline mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram Bunya Kamiza
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Reiping Tang
- Colorectal Section, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Tzu Chien
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Lai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Chiu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ping Lo
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Hung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Colorectal Section, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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93
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Chen HY, Yu SL, Ho BC, Su KY, Hsu YC, Chang CS, Li YC, Yang SY, Hsu PY, Ho H, Chang YH, Chen CY, Yang HI, Hsu CP, Yang TY, Chen KC, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Hsia JY, Chuang CY, Yuan S, Lee MH, Liu CH, Wu GI, Hsiung CA, Chen YM, Wang CL, Huang MS, Yu CJ, Chen KY, Tsai YH, Su WC, Chen HW, Chen JJW, Chen CJ, Chang GC, Yang PC, Li KC. R331W Missense Mutation of Oncogene YAP1 Is a Germline Risk Allele for Lung Adenocarcinoma With Medical Actionability. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:2303-10. [PMID: 26056182 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adenocarcinoma is the most dominant type of lung cancer in never-smoker patients. The risk alleles from genome-wide association studies have small odds ratios and unclear biologic roles. Here we have taken an approach featuring suitable medical actionability to identify alleles with low population frequency but high disease-causing potential. PATIENTS AND METHODS Whole-genome sequencing was performed for a family with an unusually high density of lung adenocarcinoma with available DNA from the affected mother, four affected daughters, and one nonaffected son. Candidate risk alleles were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy. Validation was conducted in an external cohort of 1,135 participants without cancer and 1,312 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Family follow-ups were performed by genotyping the relatives of the original proband and the relatives of the identified risk-allele carriers. Low-dose computed tomography scans of the chest were evaluated for lung abnormalities. RESULTS YAP1 R331W missense mutation from the original family was identified and validated in the external controls and the cohort with lung adenocarcinoma. The YAP1 mutant-allele carrier frequency was 1.1% in patients with lung adenocarcinoma compared with 0.18% in controls (P = .0095), yielding an odds ratio (adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status) of 5.9. Among the relatives, YAP1-mutant carriers have overwhelmingly higher frequencies of developing lung adenocarcinoma or ground-glass opacity lung lesions than those who do not carry the mutation (10:0 v 1:7; P < .001). YAP1 mutation was shown to increase the colony formation ability and invasion potential of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSION These results implicated YAP1 R331W as an allele predisposed for lung adenocarcinoma with high familial penetrance. Low-dose computed tomography scans may be recommended to this subpopulation, which is at high risk for lung cancer, for personalized prevention and health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chi-Sheng Chang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yu-Cheng Li
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shi-Yi Yang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Pin-Yen Hsu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hao Ho
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chung-Ping Hsu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jiun-Yi Hsia
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cheng-Yen Chuang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shinsheng Yuan
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Guan-I Wu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ying-Huang Tsai
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Hsuan-Yu Chen, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chi-Sheng Chang, Yu-Cheng Li, Hao Ho, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shinsheng Yuan, Chia-Hsin Liu, Guan-I Wu, and Ker-Chau Li, Institute of Statistical Science, and Shi-Yi Yang, Hwai-I Yang, and Chien-Jen Chen, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Bing-Ching Ho, Kang-Yi Su, and Pin-Yen Hsu, College of Medicine; Hsuan-Yu Chen, College of Life Science; Sung-Liang Yu, Kang-Yi Su, and Pan-Chyr Yang, Center of Genomic Medicine; Huei-Wen Chen, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University; Sung-Liang Yu, Chong-Jen Yu, Kuan-Yu Chen, and Pan-Chyr Yang, National Taiwan University Hospital; Yuh-Min Chen, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, and Gee-Chen Chang, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Chih-Yi Chen, Chung Shan Medical University; Chung-Ping Hsu, Tsung-Ying Yang, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Cheng-Yen Chuang, and Gee-Chen Chang, Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Kun-Chieh Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, and Jeremy J.W. Chen, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University; Gee-Chen Chang, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Chao A. Hsiung, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan; Chih-Liang Wang, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan; Ying-Huang Tsai, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi; Ming-Shyan Huang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; Wu-Chou Su, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Ker-Chau Li, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Chang CI, Huang KC, Chan DC, Wu CH, Lin CC, Hsiung CA, Hsu CC, Chen CY. The impacts of sarcopenia and obesity on physical performance in the elderly. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 9:256-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chuang SY, Yu Y, Huey-Herng Sheu W, Tsai YT, Liu X, Hsiung CA, Tsai HJ. Association of Short-Term Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs With Stroke in Patients With Hypertension. Stroke 2015; 46:996-1003. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.007932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yuan Chuang
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Yunxian Yu
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Xin Liu
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- From the Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Service Research (S.-Y.C.) and Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences (Y.-T.T., C.A.H., H.-J.T.), National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.Y.); Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital,
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96
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Knowles JW, Xie W, Zhang Z, Chennamsetty I, Assimes TL, Paananen J, Hansson O, Pankow J, Goodarzi MO, Carcamo-Orive I, Morris AP, Chen YDI, Mäkinen VP, Ganna A, Mahajan A, Guo X, Abbasi F, Greenawalt DM, Lum P, Molony C, Lind L, Lindgren C, Raffel LJ, Tsao PS, Schadt EE, Rotter JI, Sinaiko A, Reaven G, Yang X, Hsiung CA, Groop L, Cordell HJ, Laakso M, Hao K, Ingelsson E, Frayling TM, Weedon MN, Walker M, Quertermous T. Identification and validation of N-acetyltransferase 2 as an insulin sensitivity gene. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1739-51. [PMID: 25798622 DOI: 10.1172/jci74692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased insulin sensitivity, also referred to as insulin resistance (IR), is a fundamental abnormality in patients with type 2 diabetes and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While IR predisposition is heritable, the genetic basis remains largely unknown. The GENEticS of Insulin Sensitivity consortium conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for direct measures of insulin sensitivity, such as euglycemic clamp or insulin suppression test, in 2,764 European individuals, with replication in an additional 2,860 individuals. The presence of a nonsynonymous variant of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) [rs1208 (803A>G, K268R)] was strongly associated with decreased insulin sensitivity that was independent of BMI. The rs1208 "A" allele was nominally associated with IR-related traits, including increased fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and coronary artery disease. NAT2 acetylates arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, but predicted acetylator NAT2 phenotypes were not associated with insulin sensitivity. In a murine adipocyte cell line, silencing of NAT2 ortholog Nat1 decreased insulin-mediated glucose uptake, increased basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, and decreased adipocyte differentiation, while Nat1 overexpression produced opposite effects. Nat1-deficient mice had elevations in fasting blood glucose, insulin, and triglycerides and decreased insulin sensitivity, as measured by glucose and insulin tolerance tests, with intermediate effects in Nat1 heterozygote mice. Our results support a role for NAT2 in insulin sensitivity.
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Machiela MJ, Zhou W, Sampson JN, Dean MC, Jacobs KB, Black A, Brinton LA, Chang IS, Chen C, Chen C, Chen K, Cook LS, Crous Bou M, De Vivo I, Doherty J, Friedenreich CM, Gaudet MM, Haiman CA, Hankinson SE, Hartge P, Henderson BE, Hong YC, Hosgood HD, Hsiung CA, Hu W, Hunter DJ, Jessop L, Kim HN, Kim YH, Kim YT, Klein R, Kraft P, Lan Q, Lin D, Liu J, Le Marchand L, Liang X, Lissowska J, Lu L, Magliocco AM, Matsuo K, Olson SH, Orlow I, Park JY, Pooler L, Prescott J, Rastogi R, Risch HA, Schumacher F, Seow A, Setiawan VW, Shen H, Sheng X, Shin MH, Shu XO, VanDen Berg D, Wang JC, Wentzensen N, Wong MP, Wu C, Wu T, Wu YL, Xia L, Yang HP, Yang PC, Zheng W, Zhou B, Abnet CC, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Amos C, Amundadottir LT, Berndt SI, Blot WJ, Bock CH, Bracci PM, Burdett L, Buring JE, Butler MA, Carreón T, Chatterjee N, Chung CC, Cook MB, Cullen M, Davis FG, Ding T, Duell EJ, Epstein CG, Fan JH, Figueroa JD, Fraumeni JF, Freedman ND, Fuchs CS, Gao YT, Gapstur SM, Patiño-Garcia A, Garcia-Closas M, Gaziano JM, Giles GG, Gillanders EM, Giovannucci EL, Goldin L, Goldstein AM, Greene MH, Hallmans G, Harris CC, Henriksson R, Holly EA, Hoover RN, Hu N, Hutchinson A, Jenab M, Johansen C, Khaw KT, Koh WP, Kolonel LN, Kooperberg C, Krogh V, Kurtz RC, LaCroix A, Landgren A, Landi MT, Li D, Liao LM, Malats N, McGlynn KA, McNeill LH, McWilliams RR, Melin BS, Mirabello L, Peplonska B, Peters U, Petersen GM, Prokunina-Olsson L, Purdue M, Qiao YL, Rabe KG, Rajaraman P, Real FX, Riboli E, Rodríguez-Santiago B, Rothman N, Ruder AM, Savage SA, Schwartz AG, Schwartz KL, Sesso HD, Severi G, Silverman DT, Spitz MR, Stevens VL, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Stram D, Tang ZZ, Taylor PR, Teras LR, Tobias GS, Viswanathan K, Wacholder S, Wang Z, Weinstein SJ, Wheeler W, White E, Wiencke JK, Wolpin BM, Wu X, Wunder JS, Yu K, Zanetti KA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Ziegler RG, de Andrade M, Barnes KC, Beaty TH, Bierut LJ, Desch KC, Doheny KF, Feenstra B, Ginsburg D, Heit JA, Kang JH, Laurie CA, Li JZ, Lowe WL, Marazita ML, Melbye M, Mirel DB, Murray JC, Nelson SC, Pasquale LR, Rice K, Wiggs JL, Wise A, Tucker M, Pérez-Jurado LA, Laurie CC, Caporaso NE, Yeager M, Chanock SJ. Characterization of large structural genetic mosaicism in human autosomes. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:487-97. [PMID: 25748358 PMCID: PMC4375431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyses of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data have revealed that detectable genetic mosaicism involving large (>2 Mb) structural autosomal alterations occurs in a fraction of individuals. We present results for a set of 24,849 genotyped individuals (total GWAS set II [TGSII]) in whom 341 large autosomal abnormalities were observed in 168 (0.68%) individuals. Merging data from the new TGSII set with data from two prior reports (the Gene-Environment Association Studies and the total GWAS set I) generated a large dataset of 127,179 individuals; we then conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the patterns of detectable autosomal mosaicism (n = 1,315 events in 925 [0.73%] individuals). Restricting to events >2 Mb in size, we observed an increase in event frequency as event size decreased. The combined results underscore that the rate of detectable mosaicism increases with age (p value = 5.5 × 10(-31)) and is higher in men (p value = 0.002) but lower in participants of African ancestry (p value = 0.003). In a subset of 47 individuals from whom serial samples were collected up to 6 years apart, complex changes were noted over time and showed an overall increase in the proportion of mosaic cells as age increased. Our large combined sample allowed for a unique ability to characterize detectable genetic mosaicism involving large structural events and strengthens the emerging evidence of non-random erosion of the genome in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weiyin Zhou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael C Dean
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kevin B Jacobs
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; BioInformed LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chu Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Constance Chen
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300040, People's Republic of China
| | - Linda S Cook
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Marta Crous Bou
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Population Health Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lea Jessop
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hee Nam Kim
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeul Hong Kim
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert Klein
- Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw 02-781, Poland
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu 101, Republic of Korea
| | - Loreall Pooler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Jennifer Prescott
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Radhai Rastogi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanju 501-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David VanDen Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jiu-Cun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria Pik Wong
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 515200, People's Republic of China
| | - Lucy Xia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christopher Amos
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Cathryn H Bock
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary A Butler
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Tania Carreón
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Charles C Chung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael Cullen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Faith G Davis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Ti Ding
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, People's Republic of China
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute,, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Caroline G Epstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jin-Hu Fan
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotaong University Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center and Cooperative Studies Programs, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth M Gillanders
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lynn Goldin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Goran Hallmans
- Nutritional Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Roger Henriksson
- Department of Oncology, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Finsen Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Unit of Survivorship Research, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Robert C Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrea LaCroix
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Annelie Landgren
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nuria Malats
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Community-Engaged Translational Research, Duncan Family Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Beatrice S Melin
- Department of Oncology, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Beata Peplonska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz 91-348, Poland
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Kari G Rabe
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francisco X Real
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid 28029, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Elio Riboli
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Benjamín Rodríguez-Santiago
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratory, qGenomics, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Avima M Ruder
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kendra L Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Human Genetics Foundation, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | | | - Daniel Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ze-Zhong Tang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, People's Republic of China
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Tobias
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kala Viswanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William Wheeler
- Information Management Services Inc., Calverton, MD 20904, USA
| | - Emily White
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jay S Wunder
- Division of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Krista A Zanetti
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kimberly F Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark
| | - David Ginsburg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John A Heit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cecilia A Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William L Lowe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel B Mirel
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anastasia Wise
- Office of Population Genomics, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luis A Pérez-Jurado
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Li CI, Li TC, Lin WY, Liu CS, Hsu CC, Hsiung CA, Chen CY, Huang KC, Wu CH, Wang CY, Lin CC. Combined association of chronic disease and low skeletal muscle mass with physical performance in older adults in the Sarcopenia and Translational Aging Research in Taiwan (START) study. BMC Geriatr 2015; 15:11. [PMID: 25879214 PMCID: PMC4341862 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-015-0011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple chronic conditions and low skeletal muscle mass are common features of aging that are detrimental to physical performance. This study evaluates the simultaneous impact of these conditions on physical performance in older adults. Methods Five studies from 2003 to 2012 were pooled to include 2,398 adults aged ≥65 years with diagnosed chronic diseases measured by self-administered questionnaire. Low muscle mass was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass index less than that of the sex-specific lowest quintile in the population of older adults. Poor physical performances were defined as the lowest quintile of grip strength and gait speed in the population of older adults and the slowest sex-specific 20% of Timed Up and Go (TUG) test at each study site. Chi-squared and logistic regression tests were applied for data analysis. Results Mean age of the study participants, of whom approximately 50% were men, was 74.3 years. Slow gait speed was nearly three times more likely to occur in the presence of low muscle mass coupled with chronic disease than in the absence of both factors after adjustment for study site, age, sex, education, marital status, body mass index, tobacco and alcohol use, and comorbidities. The independent effect of low muscle mass was generally stronger than that of each disease. Participants with more than two chronic diseases and low muscle mass were significantly more likely to perform poorly than those with no risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 2.51 in patients with low grip strength, OR = 3.89 in patients with low gait speed, and OR = 3.67 in patients with poor TUG test scores, all P < 0 .05) after adjustment. Conclusions The combined association of chronic disease and low skeletal mass with physical performance was stronger than the effect of either factor alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ing Li
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan.
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Yuan Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan. .,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan. .,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan. .,Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yu Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan. .,Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsing Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yi Wang
- School of Physical Therapy & Center for Education and Research on Geriatrics and Gerontology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan. .,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wu IC, Lin CC, Hsiung CA. Emerging roles of frailty and inflammaging in risk assessment of age-related chronic diseases in older adults: the intersection between aging biology and personalized medicine. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:1. [PMID: 25722960 PMCID: PMC4333299 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic disease in older adults usually runs a course that is less predictable than in younger individuals. Unexplained variations in disease incidence, prognosis, therapeutic responses, and toxicity are frequently observed among older adults. This heterogeneity poses huge challenges to the current one-size-fits-all health care systems, and calls for more personalized managements of chronic diseases in older adults. Aging is characterized by progressive deterioration of bodily functions with increasing risk of failure over time. The entire process is hierarchically organized, and progresses from intracellular events to changes at systemic and ultimately organism levels at different rates among different individuals. Aging biology exerts great influences on the development and progression of most age-related chronic diseases. Thus, aging biology could contribute to the complexity of illnesses that increase with age, and aging biomarkers possess a great potential to enable personalized health risk assessment and health care. We review evidences supporting the roles of aging biomarkers in risk assessment of prevalent age-related diseases. Frailty phenotype is an objectively measured indicator of advanced-stage aging that is characterized by organism-level dysfunction. In contrast, altered inflammation markers level signifies an earlier stage between cellular abnormalities and systems dysfunction. Results of human observational studies and randomized controlled trials indicate that these measures, albeit simple, greatly facilitate classification of older patients with cancer, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus into groups that vary in disease incidence, prognosis and therapeutic response/toxicity. As the detailed mechanisms underlying the complex biologic process of aging are unraveled in the future, a larger array of biomarkers that correlate with biologic aging at different stages will be discovered. Following the translational research framework described in this article, these research efforts would result in innovations in disease prevention and management that address the huge unmet health needs of aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chien Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Miaoli, Taiwan ; Program for Ageing, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Program for Ageing, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, 404 Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Miaoli, Taiwan ; Program for Ageing, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
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100
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Su PH, Chang CK, Lin CY, Chen HY, Liao PC, Hsiung CA, Chiang HC, Wang SL. Prenatal exposure to phthalate ester and pubertal development in a birth cohort in central Taiwan: a 12-year follow-up study. Environ Res 2015; 136:324-30. [PMID: 25460653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters are widely used plasticizers that are present in many daily used products. Although some of their reproductive effects have been reported, pubertal development effects from prenatal exposure to phthalates awaits further investigations. A population based birth cohort was established (N=437 at baseline) with maternal exposure to phthalates assessed in urine collected at the third trimester of pregnancy in 2001 and 2002. Their 133 children with prenatal phthalates exposure were followed up for the outcomes of pubertal development by sequential physical examinations at eight and 11 years old in 2009 and 2012. Urinary concentrations of major phthalate metabolites (i.e., mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate [MEHP], mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate [MEHHP], mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate [MEOHP], mono-butyl phthalate [MBP], mono-benzyl phthalate [MBzP], monomethyl phthalate [MMP], and mono-ethyl phthalate [MEP]) were determined using liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry. The reproductive development measurements included bone age (for both genders), testicle size (for boys), uterus size, and ovarian volume (for girls). We reported results of 133 children with complete data by applying generalized estimating equations for the repeated continuous outcomes. After controlling for Tanner stage, we detected a significant association between reduced uterus size and increasing phthalate exposure in the 2(nd) tertile relative to the 1st tertile of creatinine-corrected MEHP (B=-0.40; 95% C.I.: -0.73, -0.07, relative to the 1st tertile) and total DEHP (B=-0.39, 95% C.I.:-0.66, -0.01 for the 2nd tertile and B=0.34, 95% C.I.: -0.67, -0.01 for the 3rd tertile, relative to the 1st tertile) with a linear trend among girls. MBzP was also found negatively associated with bone age/chronological age ratio (B=-0.07, 95% CI: -0.13, -0.01 for the 3rd tertile, relative to the 1st tertile) with a linear trend for girls. We found no evidence of an association between phthalate exposure and ovarian volume or testicle size. This analysis suggests phthalate exposure may affect specific pubertal development characteristics in human beings. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up period are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kuo Chang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ching-Yi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Chen
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chi Liao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, County, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Che Chiang
- National Environmental Health Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Defence Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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