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Zdunek-Zastocka E, Michniewska B, Pawlicka A, Grabowska A. Cadmium Alters the Metabolism and Perception of Abscisic Acid in Pisum sativum Leaves in a Developmentally Specific Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6582. [PMID: 38928288 PMCID: PMC11203977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in plant defense mechanisms under adverse environmental conditions, but its metabolism and perception in response to heavy metals are largely unknown. In Pisum sativum exposed to CdCl2, an accumulation of free ABA was detected in leaves at different developmental stages (A, youngest, unexpanded; B1, youngest, fully expanded; B2, mature; C, old), with the highest content found in A and B1 leaves. In turn, the content of ABA conjugates, which was highest in B2 and C leaves under control conditions, increased only in A leaves and decreased in leaves of later developmental stages after Cd treatment. Based on the expression of PsNCED2, PsNCED3 (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase), PsAO3 (aldehyde oxidase) and PsABAUGT1 (ABA-UDP-glucosyltransferase), and the activity of PsAOγ, B2 and C leaves were found to be the main sites of Cd-induced de novo synthesis of ABA from carotenoids and ABA conjugation with glucose. In turn, β-glucosidase activity and the expression of genes encoding ABA receptors (PsPYL2, PsPYL4, PsPYL8, PsPYL9) suggest that in A and B1 leaves, Cd-induced release of ABA from inactive ABA-glucosyl esters and enhanced ABA perception comes to the forefront when dealing with Cd toxicity. The distinct role of leaves at different developmental stages in defense against the harmful effects of Cd is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (A.P.)
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Kim JS, Kidokoro S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. Regulatory networks in plant responses to drought and cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:170-189. [PMID: 38514098 PMCID: PMC11060690 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Drought and cold represent distinct types of abiotic stress, each initiating unique primary signaling pathways in response to dehydration and temperature changes, respectively. However, a convergence at the gene regulatory level is observed where a common set of stress-responsive genes is activated to mitigate the impacts of both stresses. In this review, we explore these intricate regulatory networks, illustrating how plants coordinate distinct stress signals into a collective transcriptional strategy. We delve into the molecular mechanisms of stress perception, stress signaling, and the activation of gene regulatory pathways, with a focus on insights gained from model species. By elucidating both the shared and distinct aspects of plant responses to drought and cold, we provide insight into the adaptive strategies of plants, paving the way for the engineering of stress-resilient crop varieties that can withstand a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Sik Kim
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, 710-0046Japan
| | - Satoshi Kidokoro
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601Japan
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Lacchini E, Erffelinck ML, Mertens J, Marcou S, Molina-Hidalgo FJ, Tzfadia O, Venegas-Molina J, Cárdenas PD, Pollier J, Tava A, Bak S, Höfte M, Goossens A. The saponin bomb: a nucleolar-localized β-glucosidase hydrolyzes triterpene saponins in Medicago truncatula. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:705-719. [PMID: 36683446 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants often protect themselves from their own bioactive defense metabolites by storing them in less active forms. Consequently, plants also need systems allowing correct spatiotemporal reactivation of such metabolites, for instance under pathogen or herbivore attack. Via co-expression analysis with public transcriptomes, we determined that the model legume Medicago truncatula has evolved a two-component system composed of a β-glucosidase, denominated G1, and triterpene saponins, which are physically separated from each other in intact cells. G1 expression is root-specific, stress-inducible, and coregulated with that of the genes encoding the triterpene saponin biosynthetic enzymes. However, the G1 protein is stored in the nucleolus and is released and united with its typically vacuolar-stored substrates only upon tissue damage, partly mediated by the surfactant action of the saponins themselves. Subsequently, enzymatic removal of carbohydrate groups from the saponins creates a pool of metabolites with an increased broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The evolution of this defense system benefited from both the intrinsic condensation abilities of the enzyme and the bioactivity properties of its substrates. We dub this two-component system the saponin bomb, in analogy with the mustard oil and cyanide bombs, commonly used to describe the renowned β-glucosidase-dependent defense systems for glucosinolates and cyanogenic glucosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Lacchini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Erffelinck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Jan Mertens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Shirley Marcou
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Francisco Javier Molina-Hidalgo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Oren Tzfadia
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Jhon Venegas-Molina
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Pablo D Cárdenas
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Jacob Pollier
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Aldo Tava
- CREA Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Søren Bak
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Monica Höfte
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
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Hirayama T, Mochida K. Plant Hormonomics: A Key Tool for Deep Physiological Phenotyping to Improve Crop Productivity. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1826-1839. [PMID: 35583356 PMCID: PMC9885943 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to climate change. To cope with the risks posed by climate-related stressors to agricultural production, global population growth, and changes in food preferences, it is imperative to develop new climate-smart crop varieties with increased yield and environmental resilience. Molecular genetics and genomic analyses have revealed that allelic variations in genes involved in phytohormone-mediated growth regulation have greatly improved productivity in major crops. Plant science has remarkably advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of various phytohormone-mediated events in plant life. These findings provide essential information for improving the productivity of crops growing in changing climates. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in plant hormonomics (multiple phytohormone profiling) and discuss its application to crop improvement. We present plant hormonomics as a key tool for deep physiological phenotyping, focusing on representative plant growth regulators associated with the improvement of crop productivity. Specifically, we review advanced methodologies in plant hormonomics, highlighting mass spectrometry- and nanosensor-based plant hormone profiling techniques. We also discuss the applications of plant hormonomics in crop improvement through breeding and agricultural management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maiokacho, Totsukaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813 Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521 Japan
- RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
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An ABCG-Type Transporter Facilitates ABA Influx and Regulates Camptothecin Biosynthesis in Camptotheca acuminata. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416120. [PMID: 36555760 PMCID: PMC9785411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives from Camptotheca acuminata have antitumor effects as a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor. Previous studies have shown that application of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) significantly promoted the accumulation level of CPT and induced the expression of CPT biosynthetic genes, which revealed that ABA signaling is effectively involved in regulating CPT biosynthesis in C. acuminata. In this study, an ABA transporter, CaABAT, which encodes a plasma membrane protein belonging to the ABCG subfamily, was identified in C. acuminata, and its ABA import activity was confirmed by transport assay in yeast cells. Real-time PCR analysis showed that CaABAT was predominately expressed in C. acuminata leaves and its expression could be significantly upregulated by exogenous ABA treatment. Silencing of CaABAT down-regulated the expression of ABA response genes, which indicated that translocation of ABA by CaABAT should initiate changes in plant physiological status in response to ABA signaling, thus leading to decreased expression of CPT biosynthesis pathway genes and low accumulation levels of CPT in C. acuminata.
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Ganz P, Porras-Murillo R, Ijato T, Menz J, Straub T, Stührwohldt N, Moradtalab N, Ludewig U, Neuhäuser B. Abscisic acid influences ammonium transport via regulation of kinase CIPK23 and ammonium transporters. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1275-1288. [PMID: 35762968 PMCID: PMC9516733 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium uptake at plant roots is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. Phosphorylation by the protein kinase calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinase 23 (CIPK23) transiently inactivates ammonium transporters (AMT1s), but the phosphatases activating AMT1s remain unknown. Here, we identified the PP2C phosphatase abscisic acid (ABA) insensitive 1 (ABI1) as an activator of AMT1s in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We showed that high external ammonium concentrations elevate the level of the stress phytohormone ABA, possibly by de-glycosylation. Active ABA was sensed by ABI1-PYR1-like () complexes followed by the inactivation of ABI1, in turn activating CIPK23. Under favorable growth conditions, ABI1 reduced AMT1;1 and AMT1;2 phosphorylation, both by binding and inactivating CIPK23. ABI1 further directly interacted with AMT1;1 and AMT1;2, which would be a prerequisite for dephosphorylation of the transporter by ABI1. Thus, ABI1 is a positive regulator of ammonium uptake, coupling nutrient acquisition to abiotic stress signaling. Elevated ABA reduces ammonium uptake during stress situations, such as ammonium toxicity, whereas ABI1 reactivates AMT1s under favorable growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Ganz
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Romano Porras-Murillo
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Toyosi Ijato
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Jochen Menz
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Straub
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Nils Stührwohldt
- Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Narges Moradtalab
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart D-70593, Germany
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Liu Y, Chen S, Wei P, Guo S, Wu J. A briefly overview of the research progress for the abscisic acid analogues. Front Chem 2022; 10:967404. [PMID: 35936098 PMCID: PMC9355028 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant endogenous hormone that participates in the regulation of various physiological processes in plants, including the occurrence and development of somatic embryos, seeddevelopment and dormancy. ABA is called “plant stress resistance factor”, while with the limitation of the rapid metabolic inactivation and photoisomerization inactivation of ABA for its large-scale use. Understanding the function and role of ABA in plants is of great significance to promote its application. For decades, scientists have conducted in-depth research on its mechanism of action and signaling pathways, a series of progress were achieved, and hundreds of ABA analogues (similar in structure or function) have been synthesized to develop highly active plant growth regulators and tools to elucidate ABA perception. In this review, we summarize a variety of ABA analogues, especially the ABA receptor analogues, and explore the mechanisms of ABA action and catabolism, which will facilitate the development of novel ABA analogues with high biological activities.
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Wang B, Yang C, Jiang X, Wen Y, Tian Y, Zhao C, Xu H. Design of new glycosyl-O-fipronil conjugates with improved hydrolysis efficiency assisted by molecular simulations. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2667-2678. [PMID: 35365912 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous study, we showed that two glycosyl-pesticide conjugates with a β-d-glucoside moiety, N-{3-cyano-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)-sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-2-aminoethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (GOF) and N-{3-cyano-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl) sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1-(2-triazolethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-methanamine (GOTF), can move in the phloem and be hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase at different rates. Simulations were carried out to investigate differences in the hydrolysis process in GOF, GOTF and p-nitrophenyl β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG). A new series of glycosyl-O-fipronil conjugates was then designed and synthesized based on the simulation results. The phloem mobilities of the new conjugates were examined using a Ricinus model, and their hydrolysis efficiencies based on β-glucosidase were determined. RESULTS New glycosyl-O-fipronil conjugates GOE2-6 were designed and synthesized. To reduce steric hindrance, the conjugating site of the glycone moiety was moved to the 4'-sulfonyl group on the pyrrole ring. As a result, the hydrolysis efficiencies of the new conjugates were significantly improved, with GOE4 having the highest hydrolysis efficiency. All five conjugates could be transported in Ricinus phloem sap, consistent with previously studied glycosyl-O-fipronil conjugates. The insecticidal activities of the conjugates were tested against Plutella xylostella. CONCLUSION A strategy for the development of new phloem-mobile pesticides was proposed: linking a glycosyl group to the existing pesticide structure with a linear alkyl connection approximately four carbons in length. The resultant conjugates feature not only good phloem mobility, but also potential high bioactivity due to the efficient release of active pesticide components under the action of glucosidase. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xunyuan Jiang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Liu L, Li S, Guo J, Li N, Jiang M, Li X. Low temperature tolerance is depressed in wild-type and abscisic acid-deficient mutant barley grown in Cd-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128489. [PMID: 35739670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of heavy metals in soil, especially cadmium (Cd), may influence the tolerance of crops to other abiotic stress, such as low temperature. In this study, the low temperature tolerance of abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutant (Az34) barley and its wild-type (WT) irrigated with Cd solution (1 g L-1) was tested. It was found that Cd aggravated the destruction of chloroplast ultrastructure and disturbed the ion homeostasis under low temperature. The presence of Cd increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, along with the depressed antioxidant enzyme activities, and limited the plant growth. Compared with WT, Az34 plants had lower ROS scavenging ability and decreased maximum quantum efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm) under Cd and low temperature. In addition, the C-repeat binding factor and cold response (CBF-COR) signaling pathway was negatively affected by Cd treatment under low temperature, which also reduced the low temperature tolerance in barley. Therefore, it was indicated that the Cd reduced the low temperature tolerance in barley, that highlighted the potential risks of depressed low temperature tolerance caused by Cd pollution in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Eco-agriculture in Water Source of Liaoheyuan, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, China.
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Tian J, Ma Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Wei A. Plant Hormone Response to Low-Temperature Stress in Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847202. [PMID: 35574137 PMCID: PMC9102381 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and survival in nature, its growth process, will be affected by various factors from the environment, among which temperature has a greater impact. In recent years, extreme weather has frequently appeared, and the growth of crops has been increasingly affected by the environment. As an important flavoring and Chinese herbal medicine crop, Zanthoxylum bungeanum is also facing the harm of low-temperature stress. Plant hormones play a vital role in the response of plants to low temperatures. In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine the hormone components of cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive varieties of Z. bungeanum. Combined with chemometric analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the hormone component differences and hormone response strategies of Z. bungeanum under low-temperature stress were comprehensively studied. The results showed that 45 hormones were detected in Z. bungeanum. Among them, there were 7 kinds of components with high content and were detected in both two varieties. At the late stage of low-temperature stress, the contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA-glucosyl ester (ABA-GE) in Fuguhuajiao (FG) were significantly increased, and the latter served as the storage of the former to supplement the active ABA. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) found that indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICAld), meta-Topolin riboside (mTR), cis-Zeatin-O-glucoside riboside (cZROG), and N6-isopentenyladenosine (IPR) in FG were the upregulated important difference components, and IPR and 2-methylthio-cis-zeatin riboside (2MeScZR) in Fengxiandahongpao (FX) were the upregulated important difference components. There were common crossing points and independent response pathways in response to low temperature in two varieties. WGCNA analysis found that the main hormone components were associated with multiple metabolic pathways including carbon, fatty acid, amino acid, and sugar metabolism, indicating that hormone regulation plays an important role in the response of Z. bungeanum to low temperature. This study clarified the hormone response mechanism of Z. bungeanum under low-temperature stress and provided a reference and basis for further improving the cold resistance of Z. bungeanum and cultivating new varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyun Tian
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yao Ma
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xue Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Anzhi Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Isoprene Emission Influences the Proteomic Profile of Arabidopsis Plants under Well-Watered and Drought-Stress Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073836. [PMID: 35409196 PMCID: PMC8998555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoprene is a small lipophilic molecule synthesized in plastids and abundantly released into the atmosphere. Isoprene-emitting plants are better protected against abiotic stresses, but the mechanism of action of isoprene is still under debate. In this study, we compared the physiological responses and proteomic profiles of Arabidopsis which express the isoprene synthase (ISPS) gene and emit isoprene with those of non-emitting plants under both drought-stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. We aimed to investigate whether isoprene-emitting plants displayed a different proteomic profile that is consistent with the metabolic changes already reported. Only ISPS DS plants were able to maintain the same photosynthesis and fresh weight of WW plants. LC-MS/MS-based proteomic analysis revealed changes in protein abundance that were dependent on the capacity for emitting isoprene in addition to those caused by the DS. The majority of the proteins changed in response to the interaction between DS and isoprene emission. These include proteins that are associated with the activation of secondary metabolisms leading to ABA, trehalose, and proline accumulations. Overall, our proteomic data suggest that isoprene exerts its protective mechanism at different levels: under drought stress, isoprene affects the abundance of chloroplast proteins, confirming a strong direct or indirect antioxidant action and also modulates signaling and hormone pathways, especially those controlling ABA synthesis. Unexpectedly, isoprene also alters membrane trafficking.
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12
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Zhang Y, Kilambi HV, Liu J, Bar H, Lazary S, Egbaria A, Ripper D, Charrier L, Belew ZM, Wulff N, Damodaran S, Nour-Eldin HH, Aharoni A, Ragni L, Strader L, Sade N, Weinstain R, Geisler M, Shani E. ABA homeostasis and long-distance translocation are redundantly regulated by ABCG ABA importers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf6069. [PMID: 34669479 PMCID: PMC8528425 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf6069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on plant growth, development, and response to the environment depend on local ABA concentrations. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis, ABA homeostasis is regulated by two previously unknown ABA transporters. Adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette subfamily G member 17 (ABCG17) and ABCG18 are localized to the plasma membranes of leaf mesophyll and cortex cells to redundantly promote ABA import, leading to conjugated inactive ABA sinks, thus restricting stomatal closure. ABCG17 and ABCG18 double knockdown revealed that the transporters encoded by these genes not only limit stomatal aperture size, conductance, and transpiration while increasing water use efficiency but also control ABA translocation from the shoot to the root to regulate lateral root emergence. Under abiotic stress conditions, ABCG17 and ABCG18 are transcriptionally repressed, promoting active ABA movement and response. The transport mechanism mediated by ABCG17 and ABCG18 allows plants to maintain ABA homeostasis under normal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Himabindu Vasuki Kilambi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hamutal Bar
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Shani Lazary
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Dagmar Ripper
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laurence Charrier
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zeinu Mussa Belew
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Wulff
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | | | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Laura Ragni
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lucia Strader
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Roy Weinstain
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Markus Geisler
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Eilon Shani
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Pan W, Liang J, Sui J, Li J, Liu C, Xin Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Yi M, Gazzarrini S, Wu J. ABA and Bud Dormancy in Perennials: Current Knowledge and Future Perspective. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101635. [PMID: 34681029 PMCID: PMC8536057 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bud dormancy is an evolved trait that confers adaptation to harsh environments, and affects flower differentiation, crop yield and vegetative growth in perennials. ABA is a stress hormone and a major regulator of dormancy. Although the physiology of bud dormancy is complex, several advancements have been achieved in this field recently by using genetics, omics and bioinformatics methods. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of ABA and environmental signals, as well as the interplay of other hormones and sucrose, in the regulation of this process. We also discuss emerging potential mechanisms in this physiological process, including epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Juanjuan Sui
- Biology and Food Engineering College, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China;
| | - Jingru Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yin Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Shaokun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Mingfang Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sonia Gazzarrini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada;
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Jian Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Ma Q, Xu X, Wang W, Zhao L, Ma D, Xie Y. Comparative analysis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedling transcriptomes reveals genotype-specific drought tolerance mechanisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:203-214. [PMID: 34118683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main abiotic factors that affect alfalfa yield. The identification of genes that control this complex trait can provide important insights for alfalfa breeding. However, little is known about how alfalfa responds and adapts to drought stress, particularly in cultivars of differing drought tolerance. In this study, the drought-tolerant cultivar Dryland 'DT' and the drought-sensitive cultivar WL343HQ 'DS' were used to characterize leaf and root physiological responses and transcriptional changes in response to water deficit. Under drought stress, Dryland roots (DTR) showed more differentially expressed genes than WL343HQ roots (DSR), whereas WL343HQ leaves (DSL) showed more differentially expressed genes than Dryland leaves (DTL). Many of these genes were involved in stress-related pathways, carbohydrate metabolism, and lignin and wax biosynthesis, which may have improved the drought tolerance of alfalfa. We also observed that several genes related to ABA metabolism, root elongation, peroxidase activity, cell membrane stability, ubiquitination, and genetic processing responded to drought stress in alfalfa. We highlighted several candidate genes, including sucrose synthase, xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase, primary-amine oxidase, and alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductase, for future studies on drought stress resistance in alfalfa and other plant species. In summary, our results reveal the unique drought adaptation and resistance characteristics of two alfalfa genotypes. These findings, which may be valuable for drought resistance breeding, warrant further gene functional analysis to augment currently available information and to clarify the drought stress regulatory mechanisms of alfalfa and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Ma
- Agricultural College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Xing Xu
- Agricultural College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Dongmei Ma
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Yingzhong Xie
- Agricultural College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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15
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Rokni Y, Abouloifa H, Bellaouchi R, Hasnaoui I, Gaamouche S, Lamzira Z, Salah RBEN, Saalaoui E, Ghabbour N, Asehraou A. Characterization of β-glucosidase of Lactobacillus plantarum FSO1 and Candida pelliculosa L18 isolated from traditional fermented green olive. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:117. [PMID: 34370148 PMCID: PMC8353020 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Oleuropein, the main bitter phenolic glucoside responsible for green olive bitterness, may be degraded by the β-glucosidase enzyme to release glucose and phenolic compounds. Results Lactobacillus plantarum FSO1 and Candida pelliculosa L18 strains, isolated from natural fermented green olives, were tested for their β-glucosidase production and activity at different initial pH, NaCl concentrations, and temperature. The results showed that strains produced extracellular and induced β-glucosidase, with a molecular weight of 60 kD. The strains demonstrated their biodegradation capacity of oleuropein, associated with the accumulation of hydroxytyrosol and other phenolic compounds, resulting in antioxidant activity values significantly higher than that of ascorbic acid. The highest production value of β-glucosidase was 0.91 U/ml obtained at pH 5 and pH 6, respectively for L. plantarum FSO1 and C. pelliculosa L18. The increase of NaCl concentration, from 0 to 10% (w/v), inhibited the production of β-glucosidase for both strains. However, the β-glucosidase was activated with an increase of NaCl concentration, with a maximum activity obtained at 8% NaCl (w/v). The enzyme activity was optimal at pH 5 for both strains, while the optimum temperature was 45 °C for L. plantarum FSO1 and 35 °C for C. pelliculosa L18. Conclusions L. plantarum FSO1 and C. pelliculosa L18 strains showed their ability to produce an extracellular and induced β-glucosidase enzyme with promising traits for application in the biological processing of table olives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Rokni
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Houssam Abouloifa
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ismail Hasnaoui
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sara Gaamouche
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Zahra Lamzira
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Riadh B E N Salah
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP: 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ennouamane Saalaoui
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Nabil Ghabbour
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
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16
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Saini S, Kaur N, Marothia D, Singh B, Singh V, Gantet P, Pati PK. Morphological Analysis, Protein Profiling and Expression Analysis of Auxin Homeostasis Genes of Roots of Two Contrasting Cultivars of Rice Provide Inputs on Mechanisms Involved in Rice Adaptation towards Salinity Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081544. [PMID: 34451587 PMCID: PMC8399380 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plants remodel their root architecture in response to a salinity stress stimulus. This process is regulated by an array of factors including phytohormones, particularly auxin. In the present study, in order to better understand the mechanisms involved in salinity stress adaptation in rice, we compared two contrasting rice cultivars—Luna Suvarna, a salt tolerant, and IR64, a salt sensitive cultivar. Phenotypic investigations suggested that Luna Suvarna in comparison with IR64 presented stress adaptive root traits which correlated with a higher accumulation of auxin in its roots. The expression level investigation of auxin signaling pathway genes revealed an increase in several auxin homeostasis genes transcript levels in Luna Suvarna compared with IR64 under salinity stress. Furthermore, protein profiling showed 18 proteins that were differentially regulated between the roots of two cultivars, and some of them were salinity stress responsive proteins found exclusively in the proteome of Luna Suvarna roots, revealing the critical role of these proteins in imparting salinity stress tolerance. This included proteins related to the salt overly sensitive pathway, root growth, the reactive oxygen species scavenging system, and abscisic acid activation. Taken together, our results highlight that Luna Suvarna involves a combination of morphological and molecular traits of the root system that could prime the plant to better tolerate salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Deeksha Marothia
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Baldev Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Varinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Pascal Gantet
- Université de Montpellier, UMR DIADE, Centre de Recherche de l’IRD, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (P.K.P.)
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; (S.S.); (N.K.); (D.M.); (B.S.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (P.K.P.)
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17
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Kongdin M, Mahong B, Lee SK, Shim SH, Jeon JS, Ketudat Cairns JR. Action of Multiple Rice β-Glucosidases on Abscisic Acid Glucose Ester. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7593. [PMID: 34299210 PMCID: PMC8303963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of phytohormones with glucose is a means of modulating their activities, which can be rapidly reversed by the action of β-glucosidases. Evaluation of previously characterized recombinant rice β-glucosidases found that nearly all could hydrolyze abscisic acid glucose ester (ABA-GE). Os4BGlu12 and Os4BGlu13, which are known to act on other phytohormones, had the highest activity. We expressed Os4BGlu12, Os4BGlu13 and other members of a highly similar rice chromosome 4 gene cluster (Os4BGlu9, Os4BGlu10 and Os4BGlu11) in transgenic Arabidopsis. Extracts of transgenic lines expressing each of the five genes had higher β-glucosidase activities on ABA-GE and gibberellin A4 glucose ester (GA4-GE). The β-glucosidase expression lines exhibited longer root and shoot lengths than control plants in response to salt and drought stress. Fusions of each of these proteins with green fluorescent protein localized near the plasma membrane and in the apoplast in tobacco leaf epithelial cells. The action of these extracellular β-glucosidases on multiple phytohormones suggests they may modulate the interactions between these phytohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manatchanok Kongdin
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;
| | - Bancha Mahong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (B.M.); (S.-K.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (B.M.); (S.-K.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - Su-Hyeon Shim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (B.M.); (S.-K.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (B.M.); (S.-K.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - James R. Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;
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18
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Auler PA, Nogueira do Amaral M, Rossatto T, Lopez Crizel R, Milech C, Clasen Chaves F, Maia Souza G, Bolacel Braga EJ. Metabolism of abscisic acid in two contrasting rice genotypes submitted to recurrent water deficit. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:304-316. [PMID: 32421869 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the main constrain for crops worldwide, however, the effects of recurrent water deficit remain still hidden. We analysed two rice genotypes, 'BRS-Querência' (lowlands) and 'AN-Cambará' (uplands), after 7 days of recurrent drought followed by 24 h of rehydration, hypothesising that genotypes grown in regions with different water availabilities respond differently to water deficits, and that a previous exposure to stress could alter abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism. The results showed that both genotypes reduced stomatal conductance and increased ABA concentration. After rehydration, the ABA levels decreased, mainly in the plants of BRS-Querência subjected to recurrent stress. However, the levels of ABA were higher in plants in recurrent water deficit compared to non-recurrent stress plants in both genotypes. Remarkably in the lowland genotype, the ABA glucosyl-ester (ABA-GE) concentration increased after recovery in the plants under recurrent stress. Regarding of gene expression, the genes associated in ABA biosynthesis with the highest expression levels were NCED2, NCED3, NCED4 and AAO2. However, 'AN-Cambará' showed less transcriptional activation. Taking into account the genes involved in ABA catabolism, ABAH1 appears to play an important role related to the recurrent stress in upland plants. These results indicate that one of the factors that can promote greater tolerance for the upland genotype is the tradeoff between ABA and ABA-GE when plants are subjected to water deficits. In addition, they indicate that abscisic acid metabolism is altered due to the genotype (upland or lowland) and pre-exposure to stress can also modify adaptive responses in rice varieties (recurrent stress).
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ariane Auler
- Department of Botany, Biology Institute, Plant Physiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nogueira do Amaral
- Department of Botany, Biology Institute, Plant Physiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Rossatto
- Department of Botany, Biology Institute, Plant Physiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rosane Lopez Crizel
- Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology - Agronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristini Milech
- Department of Botany, Biology Institute, Plant Physiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fabio Clasen Chaves
- Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology - Agronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Maia Souza
- Department of Botany, Biology Institute, Plant Physiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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19
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Vimont N, Schwarzenberg A, Domijan M, Donkpegan ASL, Beauvieux R, le Dantec L, Arkoun M, Jamois F, Yvin JC, Wigge PA, Dirlewanger E, Cortijo S, Wenden B. Fine tuning of hormonal signaling is linked to dormancy status in sweet cherry flower buds. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:544-561. [PMID: 32975290 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In temperate trees, optimal timing and quality of flowering directly depend on adequate winter dormancy progression, regulated by a combination of chilling and warm temperatures. Physiological, genetic and functional genomic studies have shown that hormones play a key role in bud dormancy establishment, maintenance and release. We combined physiological and transcriptional analyses, quantification of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs), and modeling to further investigate how these signaling pathways are associated with dormancy progression in the flower buds of two sweet cherry cultivars. Our results demonstrated that GA-associated pathways have distinct functions and may be differentially related with dormancy. In addition, ABA levels rise at the onset of dormancy, associated with enhanced expression of ABA biosynthesis PavNCED genes, and decreased prior to dormancy release. Following the observations that ABA levels are correlated with dormancy depth, we identified PavUG71B6, a sweet cherry UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE gene that up-regulates active catabolism of ABA to ABA glucosyl ester (ABA-GE) and may be associated with low ABA content in the early cultivar. Subsequently, we modeled ABA content and dormancy behavior in three cultivars based on the expression of a small set of genes regulating ABA levels. These results strongly suggest the central role of ABA pathway in the control of dormancy progression and open up new perspectives for the development of molecular-based phenological modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Vimont
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Agro Innovation International - Centre Mondial d'Innovation - Groupe Roullier, 35400 St Malo, France
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Schwarzenberg
- Agro Innovation International - Centre Mondial d'Innovation - Groupe Roullier, 35400 St Malo, France
| | - Mirela Domijan
- Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Peach St., Liverpool L69 7ZL, United Kingdom
| | - Armel S L Donkpegan
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Rémi Beauvieux
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Loïck le Dantec
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- Agro Innovation International - Centre Mondial d'Innovation - Groupe Roullier, 35400 St Malo, France
| | - Frank Jamois
- Agro Innovation International - Centre Mondial d'Innovation - Groupe Roullier, 35400 St Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Agro Innovation International - Centre Mondial d'Innovation - Groupe Roullier, 35400 St Malo, France
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (IGZ), Department for Plant Adaptation, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Groβbeeren, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dirlewanger
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sandra Cortijo
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman St., Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Bénédicte Wenden
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, av. Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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20
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Ma Y, Cao J, Chen Q, He J, Liu Z, Wang J, Li X, Yang Y. Abscisic acid receptors maintain abscisic acid homeostasis by modulating UGT71C5 glycosylation activity. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:543-552. [PMID: 33205908 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Uridine diphosphate-glucosyltransferases (UGTs) maintain abscisic acid (ABA) homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana by converting ABA to abscisic acid-glucose ester (ABA-GE). UGT71C5 plays an important role in the generation of ABA-GE. Abscisic acid receptors are crucial upstream components of the ABA signaling pathway, but how UGTs and ABA receptors function together to modulate ABA levels is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the ABA receptors RCAR12/13 and UGT71C5 maintain ABA homeostasis in Arabidopsis following rehydration under drought stress. Biochemical analyses show that UGT71C5 directly interacted with RCAR8/12/13 in yeast cells, and the interactions between UGT71C5 and RCAR12/13 were enhanced by ABA treatment. Enzyme activity analysis showed that ABA-GE contents were significantly elevated in the presence of RCAR12 or RCAR13, suggesting that these ABA receptors enhance the activity of UGT71C5. Determination of the content of ABA and ABA-GE in Arabidopsis following rehydration under drought stress revealed that ABA-GE contents were significantly higher in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing RCAR12 and RCAR13 than in non-transformed plants and plants overexpressing RCAR11 following rehydration under drought stress. These observations suggest that RCAR12 and RCAR13 enhance the activity of UGT71C5 to glycosylate excess ABA into ABA-GE following rehydration under drought stress, representing a rapid mechanism for regulating plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jiahan He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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21
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Tsai HH, Schmidt W. The enigma of environmental pH sensing in plants. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:106-115. [PMID: 33558755 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-00831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pH is a critical parameter for innumerable chemical reactions, myriad biological processes and all forms of life. The mechanisms that underlie the perception of external pH (pHe) have been elucidated in detail for bacteria, fungi and mammalian cells; however, little information is available on whether and, if so, how pHe is perceived by plants. This is particularly surprising since hydrogen ion activity of the substrate is of paramount significance for plants, governing the availability of mineral nutrients, the structure of the soil microbiome and the composition of natural plant communities. Rapid changes in soil pH require constant readjustment of nutrient acquisition strategies, which is associated with dynamic alterations in gene expression. Referring to observations made in diverse experimental set-ups that unambiguously show that pHe per se affects gene expression, we hypothesize that sensing of pHe in plants is mandatory to prioritize responses to various simultaneously received environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Hsuan Tsai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Haworth M, Marino G, Loreto F, Centritto M. Integrating stomatal physiology and morphology: evolution of stomatal control and development of future crops. Oecologia 2021; 197:867-883. [PMID: 33515295 PMCID: PMC8591009 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stomata are central players in the hydrological and carbon cycles, regulating the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis and transpirative loss of water (H2O) between plants and the atmosphere. The necessity to balance water-loss and CO2-uptake has played a key role in the evolution of plants, and is increasingly important in a hotter and drier world. The conductance of CO2 and water vapour across the leaf surface is determined by epidermal and stomatal morphology (the number, size, and spacing of stomatal pores) and stomatal physiology (the regulation of stomatal pore aperture in response to environmental conditions). The proportion of the epidermis allocated to stomata and the evolution of amphistomaty are linked to the physiological function of stomata. Moreover, the relationship between stomatal density and [CO2] is mediated by physiological stomatal behaviour; species with less responsive stomata to light and [CO2] are most likely to adjust stomatal initiation. These differences in the sensitivity of the stomatal density—[CO2] relationship between species influence the efficacy of the ‘stomatal method’ that is widely used to infer the palaeo-atmospheric [CO2] in which fossil leaves developed. Many studies have investigated stomatal physiology or morphology in isolation, which may result in the loss of the ‘overall picture’ as these traits operate in a coordinated manner to produce distinct mechanisms for stomatal control. Consideration of the interaction between stomatal morphology and physiology is critical to our understanding of plant evolutionary history, plant responses to on-going climate change and the production of more efficient and climate-resilient food and bio-fuel crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Haworth
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Marino
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences (CNR-DiSBA), National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Centritto
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
- ENI-CNR Water Research Center "Hypatia of Alexandria", Research Center Metapontum Agrobios, Metaponto, Italy
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Wang Q, Wang L, Chandrasekaran U, Luo X, Zheng C, Shu K. ABA Biosynthesis and Signaling Cascades Under Hypoxia Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:661228. [PMID: 34249032 PMCID: PMC8264288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.661228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Umashankar Chandrasekaran
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofeng Luo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Shu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Shu
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Jain A, Chatterjee A, Das S. Synergistic consortium of beneficial microorganisms in rice rhizosphere promotes host defense to blight-causing Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. PLANTA 2020; 252:106. [PMID: 33205288 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants primed with beneficial microbes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Aspergillus spinulosporus with biocontrol potential against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, provided protection from disease by reprogramming host defence response under pathogen challenge. Plant-beneficial microbe interactions taking place in the rhizosphere are widely used for growth promotion and mitigation of biotic stresses in plants. The present study aims to evaluate the defense network induced by beneficial microorganisms in the rice rhizosphere, and the three-way interaction involved upon inoculation with dreadful bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Differential expression of defense-related enzymes, proteins, and genes in rice variety Swarna primed with a microbial consortium of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Aspergillus spinulosporus were quantified in the presence and absence of Xoo. The time-based expression profile alterations in leaves under the five distinct treatments "(unprimed unchallenged, unprimed Xoo challenged, B. amyloliquefaciens primed and challenged, A. spinulosporus primed and challenged, B. amyloliquefaciens and A. spinulosporus consortium primed and challenged)" revealed differential early upregulation of SOD, PAL, PO, PPO activities and TPC content in beneficial microbes primed plants in comparison to unprimed challenged plants. The enhanced defense response in all the rice plants recruited with beneficial microbe was also reflected by reduced plant mortality and an increased plant dry biomass and chlorophyll content. Also, more than 550 protein spots were observed per gel by PD Quest software, a total of 55 differentially expressed protein spots were analysed used MALDI-TOF MS, out of which 48 spots were recognized with a significant score with direct or supporting roles in stress alleviation and disease resistance. qRT-PCR was carried out to compare the biochemical and proteomic data to mRNA levels. We conclude that protein biogenesis and alleviated resistance response may contribute to improved biotic stress adaptation. These results might accelerate the functional regulation of the Xoo-receptive proteins in the presence of beneficial rhizospheric microbes and their computation as promising molecular markers for superior disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Jain
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Anwesha Chatterjee
- Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Sampa Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India.
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25
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Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Signaling in Plants: Key Targets to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Drought Tolerance. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The observation of a much-improved fitness of wild-type plants over abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutants during drought has led researchers from all over to world to perform experiments aiming at a better understanding of how this hormone modulates the physiology of plants under water-limited conditions. More recently, several promising approaches manipulating ABA biosynthesis and signaling have been explored to improve water use efficiency and confer drought tolerance to major crop species. Here, we review recent progress made in the last decade on (i) ABA biosynthesis, (ii) the roles of ABA on plant-water relations and on primary and secondary metabolisms during drought, and (iii) the regulation of ABA levels and perception to improve water use efficiency and drought tolerance in crop species.
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26
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Abstract
Drought is a severe environmental constraint, which significantly affects plant growth, productivity, and quality. Plants have developed specific mechanisms that perceive the stress signals and respond to external environmental changes via different mitigation strategies. Abscisic acid (ABA), being one of the phytohormones, serves as an important signaling mediator for plants’ adaptive response to a variety of environmental stresses. ABA triggers many physiological processes, including bud dormancy, seed germination, stomatal closure, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive gene expression. The site of its biosynthesis and action must be clarified to understand the signaling network of ABA. Various studies have documented multiple sites for ABA biosynthesis, their transporter proteins in the plasma membrane, and several components of ABA-dependent signaling pathways, suggesting that the ABA response to external stresses is a complex networking mechanism. Knowing about stress signals and responses will increase our ability to enhance crop stress tolerance through the use of various advanced techniques. This review will elaborate on the ABA biosynthesis, transportation, and signaling pathways at the molecular level in response to drought stress, which will add a new insight for future studies.
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27
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Zhang JY, Cun Z, Wu HM, Chen JW. Integrated analysis on biochemical profiling and transcriptome revealed nitrogen-driven difference in accumulation of saponins in a medicinal plant Panax notoginseng. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:564-580. [PMID: 32912490 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal plant Panax notoginseng is considered a promising source of secondary metabolites due to its saponins. However, there are relatively few studies on the response of saponins to nitrogen (N) availability and the mechanisms underlying the N-driven regulation of saponins. Saponins content and saponins -related genes were analyzed in roots of P. notoginseng grown under low N (LN), moderate N (MN) and high N (HN). Saponins was obviously increased in LN individuals with a reduction in β-glucosidase activity. LN facilitated root architecture and N uptake rate. Compared with the LN individuals, 2872 and 1122 genes were incorporated into as differently expressed genes (DEGs) in the MN and HN individuals. Clustering and enrichment showed that DEGs related to "carbohydrate biosynthesis", "plant hormone signal transduction", "terpenoid backbone biosynthesis", "sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis" were enriched. The up-regulation of some saponins-related genes and microelement transporters was found in LN plants. Whereas the expression of IPT3, AHK4 and GS2 in LN plants fell far short of that in HN ones. Anyways, LN-induced accumulation of C-based metabolites as saponins might derive from the interaction between N and phytohormones in processing of N acquisition, and HN-induced reduction of saponins might be result from an increase in the form of β-glucosidase activity and N-dependent cytokinins (CKs) biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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28
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Gietler M, Fidler J, Labudda M, Nykiel M. Abscisic Acid-Enemy or Savior in the Response of Cereals to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4607. [PMID: 32610484 PMCID: PMC7369871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is well-known phytohormone involved in the control of plant natural developmental processes, as well as the stress response. Although in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) its role in mechanism of the tolerance to most common abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, or extreme temperatures seems to be fairly well recognized, not many authors considered that changes in ABA content may also influence the sensitivity of cereals to adverse environmental factors, e.g., by accelerating senescence, lowering pollen fertility, and inducing seed dormancy. Moreover, recently, ABA has also been regarded as an element of the biotic stress response; however, its role is still highly unclear. Many studies connect the susceptibility to various diseases with increased concentration of this phytohormone. Therefore, in contrast to the original assumptions, the role of ABA in response to biotic and abiotic stress does not always have to be associated with survival mechanisms; on the contrary, in some cases, abscisic acid can be one of the factors that increases the susceptibility of plants to adverse biotic and abiotic environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gietler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.F.); (M.L.); (M.N.)
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Liang B, Zheng Y, Wang J, Zhang W, Fu Y, Kai W, Xu Y, Yuan B, Li Q, Leng P. Overexpression of the persimmon abscisic acid β-glucosidase gene (DkBG1) alters fruit ripening in transgenic tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:1220-1233. [PMID: 31960511 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucosidases (BG) are present in many plant tissues. Among these, abscisic acid (ABA) β-glucosidases are thought to take part in the adjustment of cellular ABA levels, however the role of ABA-BG in fruits is still unclear. In this study, through RNA-seq analysis of persimmon fruit, 10 full-length DkBG genes were isolated and were all found to be expressed. In particular, DkBG1 was highly expressed in persimmon fruits with a maximum expression 95 days after full bloom (DAFD). We verified that, in vitro, DkBG1 protein can hydrolyze ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) to release free ABA. Compared with wild-type, tomato plants that overexpressed DkBG1 significantly upregulated the expression of ABA receptor PYL3/7 genes and showed typical symptoms of ABA hypersensitivity in fruits. DkBG1 overexpression (DkBG1-OE) accelerated fruit ripening onset by 3-4 days by increasing ABA levels at the pre-breaker stage and induced early ethylene release compared with wild-type fruits. DkBG1-OE altered the expression of ripening regulator NON-RIPENING (NOR) and its target genes; this in turn altered fruit quality traits such as coloration. Our results demonstrated that DkBG1 plays an important role in fruit ripening and quality by adjusting ABA levels via hydrolysis of ABA-GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Fu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbin Kai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yandan Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bing Yuan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Leng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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30
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Wang C, Chen S, Dong Y, Ren R, Chen D, Chen X. Chloroplastic Os3BGlu6 contributes significantly to cellular ABA pools and impacts drought tolerance and photosynthesis in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:1042-1054. [PMID: 31917861 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular abscisic acid (ABA) concentration is determined by both de novo biosynthesis and recycling via β-glucosidase(s). However, which rice β-glucosidase(s) are involved in this process remains unknown. Here, we report on a chloroplastic β-glucosidase isoenzyme, Os3BGlu6, that functions in ABA recycling in rice. Disruption of Os3BGlu6 in rice resulted in dwarfism, lower ABA content in leaves, drought-sensitivity, lower photosynthesis rate and higher intercellular CO2 concentration. Os3BGlu6 could hydrolyze ABA-GE to ABA in vitro. The reversion and overexpression rice lines restored or increased the drought tolerance as shown by the higher β-glucosidase activity, ABA concentrations and expressions of ABA- and drought-responsive genes. Drought induced Os3BGlu6 to form dimers, and the degree of polymerization correlated well with the increase in cellular ABA concentrations and drought tolerance in rice. Os3BGlu6 was responsive to drought and ABA treatments, and the protein was localized to the chloroplast. Disruption of Os3BGlu6 resulted in the increased stomatal density and impaired stomatal movement. Transcriptomics revealed that disruption of Os3BGlu6 resulted in chloroplastic oxidative stress and lowered Rubisco activity even under normal conditions. Taken together, these results suggest that chloroplastically localized Os3BGlu6 significantly affects cellular ABA pools, thereby affecting drought tolerance and photosynthesis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yanping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruijuan Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Defu Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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31
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Han Y, Watanabe S, Shimada H, Sakamoto A. Dynamics of the leaf endoplasmic reticulum modulate β-glucosidase-mediated stress-activated ABA production from its glucosyl ester. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2058-2071. [PMID: 31761937 PMCID: PMC7094080 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is produced via a multistep de novo biosynthesis pathway or via single-step hydrolysis of inactive ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE). The hydrolysis reaction is catalyzed by β-glucosidase (BG, or BGLU) isoforms localized to various organelles, where they become activated upon stress, but the mechanisms underlying this organelle-specific activation remain unclear. We investigated the relationship between the subcellular distribution and stress-induced activation of BGLU18 (BG1), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme critical for abiotic stress responses, in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. High BGLU18 levels were present in leaf petioles, primarily in endoplasmic reticulum bodies. These Brassicaceae-specific endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles responded dynamically to abiotic stress, particularly drought-induced dehydration, by changing in number and size. Under stress, BGLU18 distribution shifted toward microsomes, which was accompanied by increasing BGLU18-mediated ABA-GE hydrolytic activity and ABA levels in leaf petioles. Under non-stress conditions, impaired endoplasmic reticulum body formation caused a microsomal shift of BGLU18 and increased its enzyme activity; however, ABA levels increased only under stress, probably because ABA-GE is supplied to the endoplasmic reticulum only under these conditions. Loss of BGLU18 delayed dehydration-induced ABA accumulation, suggesting that ABA-GE hydrolysis precedes the biosynthesis. We propose that dynamics of the endoplasmic reticulum modulate ABA homeostasis and abiotic stress responses by activating BGLU18-mediated ABA-GE hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Han
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Watanabe
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimada
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Hussain S, Brookbank BP, Nambara E. Hydrolysis of abscisic acid glucose ester occurs locally and quickly in response to dehydration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:1753-1756. [PMID: 32211865 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:Han Y, Watanabe S, Shimada H, Sakamoto A. 2020. Dynamics of the leaf endoplasmic reticulum modulate β-glucosidase-mediated stress-activated ABA production from its glucosyl ester. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 2058–2071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Hussain
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eiji Nambara
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Terfa MT, Olsen JE, Torre S. Blue Light Improves Stomatal Function and Dark-Induced Closure of Rose Leaves ( Rosa x hybrida) Developed at High Air Humidity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1036. [PMID: 32849674 PMCID: PMC7399379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants developed under constant high (>85%) relative air humidity (RH) have larger stomata that are unable to close completely in response to closing stimuli. Roses (Rosa x hybrida) developed in high RH have previously been shown to have high water loss during leaf dehydration and reduced dark-induced closure resulting in a shorter postharvest life. In this study, the effect of B-light on stomatal function under high RH conditions was investigated. The ability of rose leaves developed under continuous high (90%) or moderate (60%) RH to close their stomata in response to darkness and leaf dehydration assay was studied. Moreover, the level and regulation of ABA in light and darkness in relation to B-light was measured. Our results show that increased B-light proportion improved stomatal function and dark-induced stomatal closure under high RH conditions and that was associated with increased [ABA] in general and a dynamic ABA peak during darkness. Furthermore, increased B-light during the day was associated with the presence of high β-glucosidase activity during night. This indicates that B-light is important as a signal to activate the β-glucosidase enzyme and release ABA during night. Altogether, the improved stomatal function and reduced transpiration in combination with increased [ABA] indicate that preharvest B-light plays an important role in governing stomatal functionality and ABA homeostasis under high RH and can be a useful method to improve postharvest water balance of roses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meseret Tesema Terfa
- Department of Plant Sciences (IPV), Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
- School of Plant and Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen
- Department of Plant Sciences (IPV), Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | - Sissel Torre
- Department of Plant Sciences (IPV), Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
- *Correspondence: Sissel Torre,
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Brunetti C, Gori A, Marino G, Latini P, Sobolev AP, Nardini A, Haworth M, Giovannelli A, Capitani D, Loreto F, Taylor G, Mugnozza GS, Harfouche A, Centritto M. Dynamic changes in ABA content in water-stressed Populus nigra: effects on carbon fixation and soluble carbohydrates. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:627-644. [PMID: 30715123 PMCID: PMC6821382 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hydraulic and chemical signals operate in tandem to regulate systemic plant responses to drought. Transport of abscisic acid (ABA) through the xylem and phloem from the root to shoot has been suggested to serve as the main signal of water deficit. There is evidence that ABA and its ABA-glycosyl-ester (ABA-GE) are also formed in leaves and stems through the chloroplastic 2-C-methylerythritol-5-phosphate (MEP) pathway. This study aimed to evaluate how hormonal and hydraulic signals contribute to optimize stomatal (gs), mesophyll (gm) and leaf hydraulic (Kleaf) conductance under well-watered and water-stressed conditions in Populus nigra (black poplar) plants. In addition, we assessed possible relationships between ABA and soluble carbohydrates within the leaf and stem. METHODS Plants were subjected to three water treatments: well-watered (WW), moderate stress (WS1) and severe stress (WS2). This experimental set-up enabled a time-course analysis of the response to water deficit at the physiological [leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, (Kleaf)], biochemical (ABA and its metabolite/catabolite quantification in xylem sap, leaves, wood, bark and roots) and molecular (gene expression of ABA biosynthesis) levels. KEY RESULTS Our results showed strong coordination between gs, gm and Kleaf under water stress, which reduced transpiration and increased intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEint). Analysis of gene expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) and ABA content in different tissues showed a general up-regulation of the biosynthesis of this hormone and its finely-tuned catabolism in response to water stress. Significant linear relationships were found between soluble carbohydrates and ABA contents in both leaves and stems, suggesting a putative function for this hormone in carbohydrate mobilization under severe water stress. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the tight regulation of the photosynthetic machinery by levels of ABA in different plants organs on a daily basis in both well-watered and water stress conditions to optimize WUEint and coordinate whole plant acclimation responses to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Brunetti
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Antonella Gori
- University of Florence, Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marino
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Paolo Latini
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Anatoly P Sobolev
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo (Roma), Italy
| | - Andrea Nardini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matthew Haworth
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Alessio Giovannelli
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo (Roma), Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Bio-Agroalimentari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma, Italy
| | - Gail Taylor
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis, CA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antoine Harfouche
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Ren R, Li D, Zhen C, Chen D, Chen X. Specific roles of Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance in rice. PLANTA 2019; 249:1851-1861. [PMID: 30848355 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Morphological, physiological, and gene expression analyses showed that Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 played specific roles in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance of rice, with various relations with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. β-Glucosidases (BGlus) belong to glycoside hydrolase family 1 and have many functions in plants. In this study, we investigated the function of three BGlus in seed germination, drought tolerance, and root elongation using the loss-of-function mutants bglu10, bglu24, and bglu33. These mutants germinated slightly later under normal conditions and had significantly longer roots than the wild type. In the presence of ABA, bglu10 and bglu24 exhibited a higher germination inhibition percentage, whereas bglu33 had a lower germination inhibition percentage, compared to the wild type. All of the mutants exhibited less drought tolerance, with the survival rates significantly lower than that of the wild type, which was also confirmed by a decrease in relative leaf water content and Fv/Fm ratio after drought treatment. The root length of bglu10 did not respond to IAA, whereas that of bglu24 responded to a high (0.25 µM) concentration of IAA, and that of bglu33 to a low (0.05 µM) concentration of IAA. The root length of bglu10 and bglu24 did not respond to ABA, whereas that of bglu33 increased significantly in response to a high (0.05 µM) concentration of ABA. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that expression of Os4BGlu10 was up-regulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG), whereas that of Os6BGlu24 was up-regulated by 0.25 µM IAA, and Os9BGlu33 was up-regulated by PEG, IAA, and ABA. Taken together, we demonstrate that Os4BGlu10, Os6BGlu24, and Os9BGlu33 play specific roles in seed germination, root elongation, and drought tolerance with various relation with IAA and ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chunyan Zhen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Defu Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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iTRAQ-Based Protein Profiling and Biochemical Analysis of Two Contrasting Rice Genotypes Revealed Their Differential Responses to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030547. [PMID: 30696055 PMCID: PMC6387323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the key abiotic stresses causing huge productivity losses in rice. In addition, the differential sensitivity to salinity of different rice genotypes during different growth stages is a major issue in mitigating salt stress in rice. Further, information on quantitative proteomics in rice addressing such an issue is scarce. In the present study, an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based comparative protein quantification was carried out to investigate the salinity-responsive proteins and related biochemical features of two contrasting rice genotypes—Nipponbare (NPBA, japonica) and Liangyoupeijiu (LYP9, indica), at the maximum tillering stage. The rice genotypes were exposed to four levels of salinity: 0 (control; CK), 1.5 (low salt stress; LS), 4.5 (moderate salt stress; MS), and 7.5 g of NaCl/kg dry soil (high salt stress, HS). The iTRAQ protein profiling under different salinity conditions identified a total of 5340 proteins with 1% FDR in both rice genotypes. In LYP9, comparisons of LS, MS, and HS compared with CK revealed the up-regulation of 28, 368, and 491 proteins, respectively. On the other hand, in NPBA, 239 and 337 proteins were differentially upregulated in LS and MS compared with CK, respectively. Functional characterization by KEGG and COG, along with the GO enrichment results, suggests that the differentially expressed proteins are mainly involved in regulation of salt stress responses, oxidation-reduction responses, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Biochemical analysis of the rice genotypes revealed that the Na+ and Cl− uptake from soil to the leaves via the roots was increased with increasing salt stress levels in both rice genotypes. Further, increasing the salinity levels resulted in increased cell membrane injury in both rice cultivars, however more severely in NPBA. Moreover, the rice root activity was found to be higher in LYP9 roots compared with NPBA under salt stress conditions, suggesting the positive role of rice root activity in mitigating salinity. Overall, the results from the study add further insights into the differential proteome dynamics in two contrasting rice genotypes with respect to salt tolerance, and imply the candidature of LYP9 to be a greater salt tolerant genotype over NPBA.
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Wang T, Hua Y, Chen M, Zhang J, Guan C, Zhang Z. Mechanism Enhancing Arabidopsis Resistance to Cadmium: The Role of NRT1.5 and Proton Pump. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1892. [PMID: 30619437 PMCID: PMC6305759 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Heavy metal pollution is serious in China, and abscisic acid (ABA) is an important stress hormone. How it regulates plant tolerance to cadmium remains unclear, so we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism responsible for enhanced cadmium resistance in Arabidopsis wild-type and mutant plants and Brassica napus seedlings. Methods: Arabidopsis/B. napus were cultured hydroponically for 28/15 days and then treated with 20/10 μM Cd/Cd+ABA (5 μM) for 3/4 days. Chlorophyll degradation rate, SPAD values, proline, MDA, ABA,NO 3 - , and Cd concentrations were measured in root vacuoles and protoplasts; root to shootNO 3 - and Cd concentration ratios were determined and NRT1.5-, NRT1.8-, BnNRT1.5-, and BnNRT1.8-related gene expression was studied. Results: Cytoplasmic ABA levels in root cells of bglu10 and bglu18 Arabidopsis mutants were significantly lower than those in the wild-type, apparently making the latter more resistant to Cd.NO 3 - long-distance transporter NRT1.5 responded to ABA signaling by downregulating its own expression, while NRT1.8 did not respond. Concomitantly, proton pump activity in wild-type plants was higher than in the bglu10 and bglu18 mutants; thus, moreNO 3 - and Cd accumulated in the vacuoles of wild-type root cells. ABA application inhibited Cd absorption by B. napus. BnNRT1.5 responded to exogenous ABA signal by downregulating its own expression, while the lack of response by BnNRT1.8 resulted in increased amount ofNO 3 - accumulating in the roots to participate in the anti-cadmium reaction. Conclusion: NRT1.5 responds to the ABA signal to inhibit its own expression, whereas unresponsiveness of NRT1.8 causes accumulation ofNO 3 - in the roots; thus, enhancing Cd resistance. In Arabidopsis, because of proton pump action, moreNO 3 - and Cd accumulate in the vacuoles of Arabidopsis root cells, thereby reducing damage by Cd toxicity. However, in B. napus, the addition of exogenous ABA inhibited Cd absorption. Our data provide a sound basis to the theoretical molecular mechanism involved in hormone signaling during response of plants to heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, China
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, China
| | - Moxian Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, China
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Ma Y, Cao J, He J, Chen Q, Li X, Yang Y. Molecular Mechanism for the Regulation of ABA Homeostasis During Plant Development and Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113643. [PMID: 30463231 PMCID: PMC6274696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) play essential roles in numerous physiological processes such as seed dormancy, seed germination, seeding growth and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Such biological processes are tightly controlled by a complicated regulatory network including ABA homoeostasis, signal transduction as well as cross-talking among other signaling pathways. It is known that ABA homoeostasis modulated by its production, inactivation, and transport pathways is considered to be of great importance for plant development and stress responses. Most of the enzymes and transporters involved in ABA homoeostasis have been largely characterized and they all work synergistically to maintain ABA level in plants. Increasing evidence have suggested that transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in either ABA production or ABA inactivation plays vital roles in ABA homoeostasis. In addition to transcription factors, such progress is also regulated by microRNAs and newly characterized root to shoot mobile peptide-receptor like kinase (RLKs) mediated long-distance signal transduction. Thus, ABA contents are always kept in a dynamic balance. In this review, we survey recent research on ABA production, inactivation and transport pathways, and summarize some latest findings about the mechanisms that regulate ABA homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jiahan He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Olds CL, Glennon EKK, Luckhart S. Abscisic acid: new perspectives on an ancient universal stress signaling molecule. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:484-492. [PMID: 29408537 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Few biological molecules have as far reaching and dynamic effects as abscisic acid (ABA). In this review, we draw together the often segregated fields of plant, animal, and human biology to highlight ABA biosynthesis, signaling and physiological effects with examples of host-pathogen interactions to emphasize the cross-kingdom biology of this ancient signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Olds
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, Moscow, ID, 83844-2329, USA; Center for Health in the Human Ecosystem, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1122, Moscow, ID, 83844-1122, USA.
| | - Elizabeth K K Glennon
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, 307 Westlake Ave N, Suite 500, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Shirley Luckhart
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, Moscow, ID, 83844-2329, USA; Center for Health in the Human Ecosystem, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1122, Moscow, ID, 83844-1122, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 3051, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA
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40
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Qiu C, Ethier G, Pepin S, Dubé P, Desjardins Y, Gosselin A. Persistent negative temperature response of mesophyll conductance in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) leaves under both high and low vapour pressure deficits: a role for abscisic acid? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017. [PMID: 28620951 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of mesophyll conductance (gm ) was measured in well-watered red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) plants acclimated to leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (VPDL) daytime differentials of contrasting amplitude, keeping a fixed diurnal leaf temperature (Tleaf ) rise from 20 to 35 °C. Contrary to the great majority of gm temperature responses published to date, we found a pronounced reduction of gm with increasing Tleaf irrespective of leaf chamber O2 level and diurnal VPDL regime. Leaf hydraulic conductance was greatly enhanced during the warmer afternoon periods under both low (0.75 to 1.5 kPa) and high (0.75 to 3.5 kPa) diurnal VPDL regimes, unlike stomatal conductance (gs ), which decreased in the afternoon. Consequently, the leaf water status remained largely isohydric throughout the day, and therefore cannot be evoked to explain the diurnal decrease of gm . However, the concerted diurnal reductions of gm and gs were well correlated with increases in leaf abscisic acid (ABA) content, thus suggesting that ABA can induce a significant depression of gm under favourable leaf water status. Our results challenge the view that the temperature dependence of gm can be explained solely from dynamic leaf anatomical adjustments and/or from the known thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions and lipid membranes..
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Qiu
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gilbert Ethier
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steeve Pepin
- Department of Soils and Agri-Food Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pascal Dubé
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Gosselin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Sun Y, Ji K, Liang B, Du Y, Jiang L, Wang J, Kai W, Zhang Y, Zhai X, Chen P, Wang H, Leng P. Suppressing ABA uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase (SlUGT75C1) alters fruit ripening and the stress response in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:574-589. [PMID: 28482127 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) glucose conjugation mediated by uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferases (UGTs) is an important pathway in regulating ABA homeostasis. In the present study, we investigated three tomato SlUGTs that are highly expressed in fruit during ripening, and these SlUGTs were localized to the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. Among these three UGTs, SlUGT75C1 catalyzes the glucosylation of both ABA and IAA in vitro; SlUGT76E1 can only catalyze the conjugation of ABA; and SlUGT73C4 cannot glycosylate either ABA or IAA. Therefore, SlUGT75C1 was selected for further investigation. SlUGT75C1 RNA interference significantly up-regulated the expression level of SlCYP707A2, which encodes an ABA 8'-hydroxylase but did not affect the expression of SlNCED1, which encodes a key enzyme in ABA biosynthesis. Suppression of SlUGT75C1 significantly accelerated fruit ripening by enhancing ABA levels and promoting the early release of ethylene. SlUGT75C1-RNAi altered the expression of fruit ripening genes (genes involved in ethylene release and cell wall catabolism). SlUGT75C1-RNAi seeds showed delayed germination and root growth compared with wild-type as well as increased sensitivity to exogenous ABA. SlUGT75C1-RNAi plants were also more resistant to drought stress. These results demonstrated that SlUGT75C1 plays a crucial role in ABA-mediated fruit ripening, seed germination, and drought responses in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Ji
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yangwei Du
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Jiang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbin Kai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yushu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiawan Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pei Chen
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ping Leng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Saradadevi R, Palta JA, Siddique KHM. ABA-Mediated Stomatal Response in Regulating Water Use during the Development of Terminal Drought in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1251. [PMID: 28769957 PMCID: PMC5513975 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
End-of-season drought or "terminal drought," which occurs after flowering, is considered the most significant abiotic stress affecting crop yields. Wheat crop production in Mediterranean-type environments is often exposed to terminal drought due to decreasing rainfall and rapid increases in temperature and evapotranspiration during spring when wheat crops enter the reproductive stage. Under such conditions, every millimeter of extra soil water extracted by the roots benefits grain filling and yield and improves water use efficiency (WUE). When terminal drought develops, soil dries from the top, exposing the top part of the root system to dry soil while the bottom part is in contact with available soil water. Plant roots sense the drying soil and produce signals, which on transmission to shoots trigger stomatal closure to regulate crop water use through transpiration. However, transpiration is linked to crop growth and productivity and limiting transpiration may reduce potential yield. While an early and high degree of stomatal closure affects photosynthesis and hence biomass production, a late and low degree of stomatal closure exhausts available soil water rapidly which results in yield losses through a reduction in post-anthesis water use. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is considered the major chemical signal involved in stomatal regulation. Wheat genotypes differ in their ability to produce ABA under drought and also in their stomatal sensitivity to ABA. In this viewpoint article we discuss the possibilities of exploiting genotypic differences in ABA response to soil drying in regulating the use of water under terminal drought. Root density distribution in the upper drying layers of the soil profile is identified as a candidate trait that can affect ABA accumulation and subsequent stomatal closure. We also examine whether leaf ABA can be designated as a surrogate characteristic for improved WUE in wheat to sustain grain yield under terminal drought. Ease of collecting leaf samples to quantify ABA compared to extracting xylem sap will facilitate rapid screening of a large number of germplasm for drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Saradadevi
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
| | - Jairo A. Palta
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, WembleyWA, Australia
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
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Zhao P, Liu P, Yuan G, Jia J, Li X, Qi D, Chen S, Ma T, Liu G, Cheng L. New Insights on Drought Stress Response by Global Investigation of Gene Expression Changes in Sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:954. [PMID: 27446180 PMCID: PMC4928129 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Water is a critical environmental factor that restricts the geographic distribution of plants. Sheepgrass [Leymus chinensis, (Trin.) Tzvel] is an important forage grass in the Eurasia Steppe and a close germplasm for wheat and barley. This native grass adapts well to adverse environments such as cold, salinity, alkalinity and drought, and it can survive when the soil moisture may be less than 6% in dry seasons. However, little is known about how sheepgrass tolerates water stress at the molecular level. Here, drought stress experiment and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in three pools of RNA samples (control, drought stress, and rewatering). We found that sheepgrass seedlings could still survive when the soil water content (SWC) was reduced to 14.09%. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis showed that 7320 genes exhibited significant responses to drought stress. Of these DEGs, 2671 presented opposite expression trends before and after rewatering. Furthermore, ~680 putative sheepgrass-specific water responsive genes were revealed that can be studied deeply. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that stress-associated genes were activated extensively by drought treatment. Interestingly, cold stress-related genes were up-regulated greatly after drought stress. The DEGs of MAPK and calcium signal pathways, plant hormone ABA, jasmonate, ethylene, brassinosteroid signal pathways, cold response CBF pathway participated coordinatively in sheepgrass drought stress response. In addition, we identified 288 putative transcription factors (TFs) involved in drought response, among them, the WRKY, NAC, AP2/ERF, bHLH, bZIP, and MYB families were enriched, and might play crucial and significant roles in drought stress response of sheepgrass. Our research provided new and valuable information for understanding the mechanism of drought tolerance in sheepgrass. Moreover, the identification of genes involved in drought response can facilitate the genetic improvement of crops by molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pincang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Guangxiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Junting Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shuangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Gongshe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
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Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays crucial roles in numerous physiological processes during plant growth and abiotic stress responses. The endogenous ABA level is controlled by complex regulatory mechanisms involving biosynthesis, catabolism, transport and signal transduction pathways. This complex regulatory network may target multiple levels, including transcription, translation and post-translational regulation of genes involved in ABA responses. Most of the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, catabolism and transport have been characterized. The local ABA concentration is critical for initiating ABA-mediated signalling during plant development and in response to environmental changes. In this chapter we discuss the mechanisms that regulate ABA biosynthesis, catabolism, transport and homoeostasis. We also present the findings of recent research on ABA perception by cellular receptors, and ABA signalling in response to cellular and environmental conditions.
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Sah SK, Reddy KR, Li J. Abscisic Acid and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:571. [PMID: 27200044 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00571/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress is a primary threat to fulfill the demand of agricultural production to feed the world in coming decades. Plants reduce growth and development process during stress conditions, which ultimately affect the yield. In stress conditions, plants develop various stress mechanism to face the magnitude of stress challenges, although that is not enough to protect them. Therefore, many strategies have been used to produce abiotic stress tolerance crop plants, among them, abscisic acid (ABA) phytohormone engineering could be one of the methods of choice. ABA is an isoprenoid phytohormone, which regulates various physiological processes ranging from stomatal opening to protein storage and provides adaptation to many stresses like drought, salt, and cold stresses. ABA is also called an important messenger that acts as the signaling mediator for regulating the adaptive response of plants to different environmental stress conditions. In this review, we will discuss the role of ABA in response to abiotic stress at the molecular level and ABA signaling. The review also deals with the effect of ABA in respect to gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University Mississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Kambham R Reddy
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University Mississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Jiaxu Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University Mississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
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Sah SK, Reddy KR, Li J. Abscisic Acid and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:571. [PMID: 27200044 PMCID: PMC4855980 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress is a primary threat to fulfill the demand of agricultural production to feed the world in coming decades. Plants reduce growth and development process during stress conditions, which ultimately affect the yield. In stress conditions, plants develop various stress mechanism to face the magnitude of stress challenges, although that is not enough to protect them. Therefore, many strategies have been used to produce abiotic stress tolerance crop plants, among them, abscisic acid (ABA) phytohormone engineering could be one of the methods of choice. ABA is an isoprenoid phytohormone, which regulates various physiological processes ranging from stomatal opening to protein storage and provides adaptation to many stresses like drought, salt, and cold stresses. ABA is also called an important messenger that acts as the signaling mediator for regulating the adaptive response of plants to different environmental stress conditions. In this review, we will discuss the role of ABA in response to abiotic stress at the molecular level and ABA signaling. The review also deals with the effect of ABA in respect to gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K. Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State UniversityMississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Kambham R. Reddy
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State UniversityMississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Jiaxu Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State UniversityMississippi State, Mississippi, MS, USA
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Rodríguez-Celma J, Ceballos-Laita L, Grusak MA, Abadía J, López-Millán AF. Plant fluid proteomics: Delving into the xylem sap, phloem sap and apoplastic fluid proteomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:991-1002. [PMID: 27033031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The phloem sap, xylem sap and apoplastic fluid play key roles in long and short distance transport of signals and nutrients, and act as a barrier against local and systemic pathogen infection. Among other components, these plant fluids contain proteins which are likely to be important players in their functionalities. However, detailed information about their proteomes is only starting to arise due to the difficulties inherent to the collection methods. This review compiles the proteomic information available to date in these three plant fluids, and compares the proteomes obtained in different plant species in order to shed light into conserved functions in each plant fluid. Inter-species comparisons indicate that all these fluids contain the protein machinery for self-maintenance and defense, including proteins related to cell wall metabolism, pathogen defense, proteolysis, and redox response. These analyses also revealed that proteins may play more relevant roles in signaling in the phloem sap and apoplastic fluid than in the xylem sap. A comparison of the proteomes of the three fluids indicates that although functional categories are somewhat similar, proteins involved are likely to be fluid-specific, except for a small group of proteins present in the three fluids, which may have a universal role, especially in cell wall maintenance and defense. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rodríguez-Celma
- University of East Anglia/John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), P.O. Box 13034, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Michael A Grusak
- USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Javier Abadía
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), P.O. Box 13034, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana-Flor López-Millán
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), P.O. Box 13034, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain; USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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McAdam SAM, Sussmilch FC, Brodribb TJ. Stomatal responses to vapour pressure deficit are regulated by high speed gene expression in angiosperms. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:485-91. [PMID: 26353082 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants dynamically regulate water use by the movement of stomata on the surface of leaves. Stomatal responses to changes in vapour pressure deficit (VPD) are the principal regulator of daytime transpiration and water use efficiency in land plants. In angiosperms, stomatal responses to VPD appear to be regulated by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), yet the origin of this ABA is controversial. After a 20 min exposure of plants, from three diverse angiosperm species, to a doubling in VPD, stomata closed, foliar ABA levels increased and the expression of the gene encoding the key, rate-limiting carotenoid cleavage enzyme (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, NCED) in the ABA biosynthetic pathway was significantly up-regulated. The NCED gene was the only gene in the ABA biosynthetic pathway to be up-regulated over the short time scale corresponding to the response of stomata. The closure of stomata and rapid increase in foliar ABA levels could not be explained by the release of ABA from internal stores in the leaf or the hydrolysis of the conjugate ABA-glucose ester. These results implicate an extremely rapid de novo biosynthesis of ABA, mediated by a single gene, as the means by which angiosperm stomata respond to natural changes in VPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A M McAdam
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Frances C Sussmilch
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Timothy J Brodribb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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49
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Janiak A, Kwaśniewski M, Szarejko I. Gene expression regulation in roots under drought. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1003-14. [PMID: 26663562 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stress signalling and regulatory networks controlling expression of target genes are the basis of plant response to drought. Roots are the first organs exposed to water deficiency in the soil and are the place of drought sensing. Signalling cascades transfer chemical signals toward the shoot and initiate molecular responses that lead to the biochemical and morphological changes that allow plants to be protected against water loss and to tolerate stress conditions. Here, we present an overview of signalling network and gene expression regulation pathways that are actively induced in roots under drought stress. In particular, the role of several transcription factor (TF) families, including DREB, AP2/ERF, NAC, bZIP, MYC, CAMTA, Alfin-like and Q-type ZFP, in the regulation of root response to drought are highlighted. The information provided includes available data on mutual interactions between these TFs together with their regulation by plant hormones and other signalling molecules. The most significant downstream target genes and molecular processes that are controlled by the regulatory factors are given. These data are also coupled with information about the influence of the described regulatory networks on root traits and root development which may translate to enhanced drought tolerance. This is the first literature survey demonstrating the gene expression regulatory machinery that is induced by drought stress, presented from the perspective of roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Janiak
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kwaśniewski
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
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50
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Nguyen QA, Lee DS, Jung J, Bae HJ. Phenotypic Changes in Transgenic Tobacco Plants Overexpressing Vacuole-Targeted Thermotoga maritima BglB Related to Elevated Levels of Liberated Hormones. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:181. [PMID: 26618153 PMCID: PMC4642495 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyperthermostable β-glucosidase BglB of Thermotoga maritima was modified by adding a short C-terminal tetrapeptide (AFVY, which transports phaseolin to the vacuole, to its C-terminal sequence). The modified β-glucosidase BglB was transformed into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants. We observed a range of significant phenotypic changes in the transgenic plants compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. The transgenic plants had faster stem growth, earlier flowering, enhanced root systems development, an increased biomass biosynthesis rate, and higher salt stress tolerance in young plants compared to WT. In addition, programed cell death was enhanced in mature plants. Furthermore, the C-terminal AFVY tetrapeptide efficiently sorted T. maritima BglB into the vacuole, which was maintained in an active form and could perform its glycoside hydrolysis function on hormone conjugates, leading to elevated hormone [abscisic acid (ABA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), and cytokinin] levels that likely contributed to the phenotypic changes in the transgenic plants. The elevation of cytokinin led to upregulation of the transcription factor WUSCHELL, a homeodomain factor that regulates the development, division, and reproduction of stem cells in the shoot apical meristems. Elevation of IAA led to enhanced root development, and the elevation of ABA contributed to enhanced tolerance to salt stress and programed cell death. These results suggest that overexpressing vacuole-targeted T. maritima BglB may have several advantages for molecular farming technology to improve multiple targets, including enhanced production of the β-glucosidase BglB, increased biomass, and shortened developmental stages, that could play pivotal roles in bioenergy and biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Anh Nguyen
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Dae-Seok Lee
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Jakyun Jung
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea ; Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
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