201
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miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Interdiscip Sci 2015; 8:209-19. [PMID: 26338522 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-015-0117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, about 20-25 nucleotides in length. They repress or degrade messenger RNA (mRNA) translation, which are involved in human cancer. In this study based on paired miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of non-small cell lung cancer samples, we constructed and analyzed miRNA-mRNA interaction network via several bioinformatics softwares and platforms. This integrative network is comprised of 249 nodes for mRNA, 90 nodes for miRNA and 290 edges that show regulations between target genes and miRNAs. The three miR-1207-5p, miR-1228* and miR-939 are the most connected miRNA that regulated a large number of genes. ST8SIA2, MED1 and HDAC4, SPN, which are targeted by multiple miRNAs and located in the center of the network, are involved in both lung cancer and nervous system via functional annotation analysis. Such a global interaction network of miRNA-mRNA in lung cancer will contribute to refining miRNA target predictions and developing novel therapeutic candidates.
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202
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Cho MH, Castaldi PJ, Hersh CP, Hobbs BD, Barr RG, Tal-Singer R, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, San José Estépar R, Van Beek EJR, Coxson HO, Lynch DA, Washko GR, Laird NM, Crapo JD, Beaty TH, Silverman EK. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Emphysema and Airway Quantitative Imaging Phenotypes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:559-69. [PMID: 26030696 PMCID: PMC4595690 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201501-0148oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by the presence of airflow limitation on spirometry, yet subjects with COPD can have marked differences in computed tomography imaging. These differences may be driven by genetic factors. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of quantitative imaging would identify loci not previously identified in analyses of COPD or spirometry. In addition, we sought to determine whether previously described genome-wide significant COPD and spirometric loci were associated with emphysema or airway phenotypes. OBJECTIVES To identify genetic determinants of quantitative imaging phenotypes. METHODS We performed a GWAS on two quantitative emphysema and two quantitative airway imaging phenotypes in the COPDGene (non-Hispanic white and African American), ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints), NETT (National Emphysema Treatment Trial), and GenKOLS (Genetics of COPD, Norway) studies and on percentage gas trapping in COPDGene. We also examined specific loci reported as genome-wide significant for spirometric phenotypes related to airflow limitation or COPD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The total sample size across all cohorts was 12,031, of whom 9,338 were from COPDGene. We identified five loci associated with emphysema-related phenotypes, one with airway-related phenotypes, and two with gas trapping. These loci included previously reported associations, including the HHIP, 15q25, and AGER loci, as well as novel associations near SERPINA10 and DLC1. All previously reported COPD and a significant number of spirometric GWAS loci were at least nominally (P < 0.05) associated with either emphysema or airway phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide analysis may identify novel risk factors for quantitative imaging characteristics in COPD and also identify imaging features associated with previously identified lung function loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - R. Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ruth Tal-Singer
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Raúl San José Estépar
- Laboratory of Mathematics in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edwin J. R. Van Beek
- Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Harvey O. Coxson
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David A. Lynch
- Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - George R. Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Nan M. Laird
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - James D. Crapo
- Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Terri H. Beaty
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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203
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Verhamme FM, Bracke KR, Joos GF, Brusselle GG. Transforming growth factor-β superfamily in obstructive lung diseases. more suspects than TGF-β alone. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:653-62. [PMID: 25396302 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0282rt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are respiratory disorders and a major global health problem with increasing incidence and severity. Genes originally associated with lung development could be relevant in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma, owing to either an early-life origin of adult complex diseases or their dysregulation in adulthood upon exposure to environmental stressors (e.g., smoking). The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily is conserved through evolution and is involved in a range of biological processes, both during development and in adult tissue homeostasis. TGF-β1 has emerged as an important regulator of lung and immune system development. However, considerable evidence has been presented for a role of many of the other ligands of the TGF-β superfamily in lung pathology, including activins, bone morphogenetic proteins, and growth differentiation factors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms by which activin, bone morphogenetic protein, and growth differentiation factor signaling contribute to the pathogenesis of obstructive airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fien M Verhamme
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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204
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Bateman ED, Reddel HK, van Zyl-Smit RN, Agusti A. The asthma-COPD overlap syndrome: towards a revised taxonomy of chronic airways diseases? THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2015; 3:719-728. [PMID: 26255108 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(15)00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Most research of treatments for airways diseases has been restricted to patients who meet standard definitions of either chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, yet to distinguish COPD from asthma in adult patients who have clinical features of both can be challenging. Treatment guidelines provide scant advice on how such patients should be managed. With increasing recognition that asthma and COPD are heterogeneous diseases, attention has been directed to the needs of a group of patients with what is now termed asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), particularly in view of the high morbidity in this population. This Review considers the epidemiology, mechanisms of disease, current attempts to define and diagnose ACOS, existing and potential treatment options, and new approaches to the phenotyping and taxonomy of airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Bateman
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Helen K Reddel
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard N van Zyl-Smit
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Thorax Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Spain
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205
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Abstract
It has been recognized for centuries that allergic disease runs in families, implying a role for genetic factors in determining individual susceptibility. More recently, a range of evidence shows that many of these genetic factors, together with in utero environmental exposures, lead to the development of allergic disease through altered immune and organ development. Environmental exposures during pregnancy including diet, nutrient intake and toxin exposures can alter the epigenome and interact with inherited genetic and epigenetic risk factors to directly and indirectly influence organ development and immune programming. Understanding of these factors will be essential in identifying at-risk individuals and possible development of therapeutic interventions for the primary prevention of allergic disease. In this review, we summarize the evidence that suggests allergic disease begins in utero, together with possible mechanisms for the effect of environmental exposures during pregnancy on allergic disease risk, including epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle A Lockett
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Johanna Huoman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Unit of Autoimmunity and Immune Regulation, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,International Inflammation network (in-FLAME) of the World Universities Network
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206
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Lin S, Racz J, Tai MF, Brooks KM, Rzeczycki P, Heath LJ, Newstead MW, Standiford TJ, Rosania GR, Stringer KA. A Role for Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 in the Cellular Uptake of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Lungs. Pharm Res 2015; 33:72-82. [PMID: 26231141 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To gain knowledge of lung clearance mechanisms of inhaled tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). METHODS Using an in vivo mouse model and ex vivo murine whole organ cell suspensions, we examined the capability of the lungs to utilize LRP1 receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) for the uptake of exogenous tPA with and without an LRP1 inhibitor, receptor associated protein (RAP), and quantitatively compared it to the liver. We also used a novel imaging technique to assess the amount LRP1 in sections of mouse liver and lung. RESULTS Following intratracheal administration, tPA concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) declined over time following two-compartment pharmacokinetics suggestive of a RME clearance mechanism. Ex vivo studies showed that lung and liver cells are similarly capable of tPA uptake via LRP1 RME which was reduced by ~50% by RAP. The comparable lung and liver uptake of tPA is likely due to equivalent amounts of LRP1 of which there was an abundance in the alveolar epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that LRP1 RME is a candidate clearance mechanism for inhaled tPA which has implications for the development of safe and effective dosing regimens of inhaled tPA for the treatment of plastic bronchitis and other fibrin-inflammatory airway diseases in which inhaled tPA may have utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swan Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer Racz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Melissa F Tai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kristina M Brooks
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Phillip Rzeczycki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren J Heath
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael W Newstead
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Theodore J Standiford
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gus R Rosania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathleen A Stringer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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207
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Cdc123, a Cell Cycle Regulator Needed for eIF2 Assembly, Is an ATP-Grasp Protein with Unique Features. Structure 2015. [PMID: 26211610 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), a heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphatase, has a central role in protein biosynthesis by supplying methionylated initiator tRNA to the ribosomal translation initiation complex and by serving as a target for translational control in response to stress. Recent work identified a novel step indispensable for eIF2 function: assembly of eIF2 from its three subunits by the cell proliferation protein Cdc123. We report the first crystal structure of a Cdc123 representative, that from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, both isolated and bound to domain III of Saccharomyces cerevisiae eIF2γ. The structures show that Cdc123 resembles enzymes of the ATP-grasp family. Indeed, Cdc123 binds ATP-Mg(2+), and conserved residues contacting ATP-Mg(2+) are essential for Cdc123 to support eIF2 assembly and cell viability. A docking of eIF2αγ onto Cdc123, combined with genetic and biochemical experiments, allows us to propose a model explaining how Cdc123 participates in the biogenesis of eIF2 through facilitating assembly of eIF2γ to eIF2α.
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208
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Joshi PK, Esko T, Mattsson H, Eklund N, Gandin I, Nutile T, Jackson AU, Schurmann C, Smith AV, Zhang W, Okada Y, Stančáková A, Faul JD, Zhao W, Bartz TM, Concas MP, Franceschini N, Enroth S, Vitart V, Trompet S, Guo X, Chasman DI, O'Connel JR, Corre T, Nongmaithem SS, Chen Y, Mangino M, Ruggiero D, Traglia M, Farmaki AE, Kacprowski T, Bjonnes A, van der Spek A, Wu Y, Giri AK, Yanek LR, Wang L, Hofer E, Rietveld CA, McLeod O, Cornelis MC, Pattaro C, Verweij N, Baumbach C, Abdellaoui A, Warren HR, Vuckovic D, Mei H, Bouchard C, Perry JRB, Cappellani S, Mirza SS, Benton MC, Broeckel U, Medland SE, Lind PA, Malerba G, Drong A, Yengo L, Bielak LF, Zhi D, van der Most PJ, Shriner D, Mägi R, Hemani G, Karaderi T, Wang Z, Liu T, Demuth I, Zhao JH, Meng W, Lataniotis L, van der Laan SW, Bradfield JP, Wood AR, Bonnefond A, Ahluwalia TS, Hall LM, Salvi E, Yazar S, Carstensen L, de Haan HG, Abney M, Afzal U, Allison MA, Amin N, Asselbergs FW, Bakker SJL, Barr RG, Baumeister SE, Benjamin DJ, Bergmann S, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Campbell A, Chakravarti A, Chan Y, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Chen YDI, Collins FS, Connell J, Correa A, Cupples LA, Smith GD, Davies G, Dörr M, Ehret G, Ellis SB, Feenstra B, Feitosa MF, Ford I, Fox CS, Frayling TM, Friedrich N, Geller F, Scotland G, Gillham-Nasenya I, Gottesman O, Graff M, Grodstein F, Gu C, Haley C, Hammond CJ, Harris SE, Harris TB, Hastie ND, Heard-Costa NL, Heikkilä K, Hocking LJ, Homuth G, Hottenga JJ, Huang J, Huffman JE, Hysi PG, Ikram MA, Ingelsson E, Joensuu A, Johansson Å, Jousilahti P, Jukema JW, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kanoni S, Kerr SM, Khan NM, Koellinger P, Koistinen HA, Kooner MK, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lahti J, Launer LJ, Lea RA, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Liewald DCM, Lind L, Loh M, Lokki ML, London SJ, Loomis SJ, Loukola A, Lu Y, Lumley T, Lundqvist A, Männistö S, Marques-Vidal P, Masciullo C, Matchan A, Mathias RA, Matsuda K, Meigs JB, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Menni C, Mentch FD, Mihailov E, Milani L, Montasser ME, Montgomery GW, Morrison A, Myers RH, Nadukuru R, Navarro P, Nelis M, Nieminen MS, Nolte IM, O'Connor GT, Ogunniyi A, Padmanabhan S, Palmas WR, Pankow JS, Patarcic I, Pavani F, Peyser PA, Pietilainen K, Poulter N, Prokopenko I, Ralhan S, Redmond P, Rich SS, Rissanen H, Robino A, Rose LM, Rose R, Sala C, Salako B, Salomaa V, Sarin AP, Saxena R, Schmidt H, Scott LJ, Scott WR, Sennblad B, Seshadri S, Sever P, Shrestha S, Smith BH, Smith JA, Soranzo N, Sotoodehnia N, Southam L, Stanton AV, Stathopoulou MG, Strauch K, Strawbridge RJ, Suderman MJ, Tandon N, Tang ST, Taylor KD, Tayo BO, Töglhofer AM, Tomaszewski M, Tšernikova N, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Vaidya D, van Hylckama Vlieg A, van Setten J, Vasankari T, Vedantam S, Vlachopoulou E, Vozzi D, Vuoksimaa E, Waldenberger M, Ware EB, Wentworth-Shields W, Whitfield JB, Wild S, Willemsen G, Yajnik CS, Yao J, Zaza G, Zhu X, Project TBJ, Salem RM, Melbye M, Bisgaard H, Samani NJ, Cusi D, Mackey DA, Cooper RS, Froguel P, Pasterkamp G, Grant SFA, Hakonarson H, Ferrucci L, Scott RA, Morris AD, Palmer CNA, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Bertram L, Lindenberger U, Berndt SI, Lindgren CM, Timpson NJ, Tönjes A, Munroe PB, Sørensen TIA, Rotimi CN, Arnett DK, Oldehinkel AJ, Kardia SLR, Balkau B, Gambaro G, Morris AP, Eriksson JG, Wright MJ, Martin NG, Hunt SC, Starr JM, Deary IJ, Griffiths LR, Tiemeier H, Pirastu N, Kaprio J, Wareham NJ, Pérusse L, Wilson JG, Girotto G, Caulfield MJ, Raitakari O, Boomsma DI, Gieger C, van der Harst P, Hicks AA, Kraft P, Sinisalo J, Knekt P, Johannesson M, Magnusson PKE, Hamsten A, Schmidt R, Borecki IB, Vartiainen E, Becker DM, Bharadwaj D, Mohlke KL, Boehnke M, van Duijn CM, Sanghera DK, Teumer A, Zeggini E, Metspalu A, Gasparini P, Ulivi S, Ober C, Toniolo D, Rudan I, Porteous DJ, Ciullo M, Spector TD, Hayward C, Dupuis J, Loos RJF, Wright AF, Chandak GR, Vollenweider P, Shuldiner A, Ridker PM, Rotter JI, Sattar N, Gyllensten U, North KE, Pirastu M, Psaty BM, Weir DR, Laakso M, Gudnason V, Takahashi A, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Strachan DP, Campbell H, Hirschhorn JN, Perola M, Polašek O, Wilson JF. Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations. Nature 2015; 523:459-462. [PMID: 26131930 PMCID: PMC4516141 DOI: 10.1038/nature14618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Joshi
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, 02141, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Hannele Mattsson
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, Helsinki, FI-00251, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Niina Eklund
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, Helsinki, FI-00251, Finland
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447 - Osp. di Cattinara, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Holtasmari 1, 201, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, 48104, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute of Population Genetics, National Research Council, Trav. La Crucca n. 3 - Reg. Baldinca, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, 137 E. Franklin St., Suite 306, 27599-8050, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 815, Uppsala, SE-751 08, Sweden
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center , PO Box 9600, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences , Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Avenue, East, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jeffery R O'Connel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition and Program for Personalised and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 Baltimore St. MSTF, Baltimore, 21201, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - batiment génopode, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC) Group, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habshiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre , Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 70, El. Venizelou Ave, Athens, 17671, Greece
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Andrew Bjonnes
- Center for Human Genetic Research , 55 Fruit Street, Massachusetts General Hospital, 2114, USA
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
| | - Anil K Giri
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, Maryland, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, Saint Louis, 63108, MO, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, Graz, A-8036, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz2, Graz, A-8036, Austria
| | - Cornelius A Rietveld
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, 3000 DR, The Netherlands
| | - Olga McLeod
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:03, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood, Boston, 02115, USA
- Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, 02215, USA
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Baumbach
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447 - Osp. di Cattinara, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefania Cappellani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Saira S Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Miles C Benton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Qld 4001, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, 53226, WI, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Quantitative Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Penelope A Lind
- Quantitative Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e della Riproduzione, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Alexander Drong
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Loic Yengo
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille 2 University, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Degui Zhi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, 35294, AL, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Building 12A/Room 4047, 12 South Dr., Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Tugce Karaderi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, 20850, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick,MD, USA
| | - Tian Liu
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 72, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorferstr. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Weihua Meng
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells hospital and School of Medicine, Dundee, DD2 4BF, Scotland
| | - Lazaros Lataniotis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Amelie Bonnefond
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille 2 University, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Leanne M Hall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, 2 Verdun St, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Carstensen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Abney
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th Street, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Uzma Afzal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Catharijnesingel 52, Utrecht, 3501 DG, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian E Baumeister
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, W.-Rathenau-Str. 48, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Daniel J Benjamin
- Department of Economics, Cornell University, 480 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Economics and Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, 314C Dauterive Hall, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, Lausanne, 1005, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge - batiment génopode, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
| | - Yingleong Chan
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, 02141, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, 20850, MD, USA
| | - Constance Chen
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Y-D Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences , Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - John Connell
- College of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, College Office, Level 10, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str. NK, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 4, Genève 14, 1211, Switzerland
| | - Stephen B Ellis
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, Saint Louis, 63108, MO, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Caroline S Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str. NK, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
| | - Generation Scotland
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Irina Gillham-Nasenya
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Misa Graff
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, 137 E Franklin St., Suite 306, USA
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, 02215, USA
| | - Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, 660 S Euclid, St Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Chris Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas D Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord St, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | - Kauko Heikkilä
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, P.O.Box 41, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Lynne J Hocking
- Musculoskeletal Research Programme, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jinyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anni Joensuu
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, Helsinki, FI-00251, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 815, Uppsala, SE-751 08, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-75237, Sweden
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology C5-P , Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, Tampere, 33521, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Shona M Kerr
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nazir M Khan
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Philipp Koellinger
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, 3000 DR, The Netherlands
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O.Box 340, Haartmaninkatu 4, Helsinki, FI-00029, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Manraj K Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development RCfIMS, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Reasearch Centre, PB 63, Helsinki, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rodney A Lea
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Qld 4001, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine University of Tampere, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University Hospital, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Marja-Liisa Lokki
- Transplantation laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Stephanie J London
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, RTP, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie J Loomis
- Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St, Boston, 02114, USA
| | - Anu Loukola
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, P.O.Box 41, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, 303.325 Science Centre, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Annamari Lundqvist
- Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Route du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Masciullo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | - Angela Matchan
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, Maryland, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - James B Meigs
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , 50 Staniford St, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764 Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, München, 81675, Germany
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Frank D Mentch
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition and Program for Personalised and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 Baltimore St. MSTF, Baltimore, 21201, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Molecular Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Alanna Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Richard H Myers
- Genome Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E-304, Boston, 2118, MA, USA
| | - Rajiv Nadukuru
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Pau Navarro
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markku S Nieminen
- HUCH Heart and Lung center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 340, Helsinki, FI-00029, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - George T O'Connor
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord St, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Walter R Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health , University of Minnesota , 1300 S 2nd Street, Minneapolis, 55454, USA
| | - Inga Patarcic
- Centre for Global Health and Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Francesca Pavani
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kirsi Pietilainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O.Box 340, Haartmaninkatu 4, Helsinki, FI-00029, Finland
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1LA, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sarju Ralhan
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio thoracic Surgery Hero DMC Heart Institute, Civil Lines, 141001, Ludhiana, India
| | - Paul Redmond
- Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 3232 West Complex, Charlottesville, 22908, USA
| | - Harri Rissanen
- Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Avenue, East, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Richard Rose
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, 1101 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, Helsinki, FI-00251, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Human Genetic Research , 55 Fruit Street, Massachusetts General Hospital, 2114, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Harrachgasse 21, Graz, A-8010, Austria
| | - Laura J Scott
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:03, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord St, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1LA, UK
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC) Group, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habshiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Blair H Smith
- University of Dundee, Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4DB, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Alice V Stanton
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Maria G Stathopoulou
- UMR INSERM U1122; IGE-PCV "Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire", INSERM, University of Lorraine, 30 Rue Lionnois, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:03, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Matthew J Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sian-Tsun Tang
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences , Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, USA
| | - Anna Maria Töglhofer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Harrachgasse 21, Graz, A-8010, Austria
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Natalia Tšernikova
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu, 51010 Estonia
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Tuula Vasankari
- Finnish Lung Health Association, Sibeliuksenkatu 11 A 1, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, 02141, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Efthymia Vlachopoulou
- Transplantation laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Diego Vozzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, P.O.Box 41, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - John B Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Sarah Wild
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences , Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, Verona, 37124, Italy
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - The BioBank Japan Project
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Rany M Salem
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, 02141, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, 2 Verdun St, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille 2 University, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, 59000, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National institute on Aging, Baltimore, 21225, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Medical Research Insitute, University of Dundee, Ninewells hospital and School of Medicine, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells hospital and School of Medicine, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 70, El. Venizelou Ave, Athens, 17671, Greece
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lars Bertram
- Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 72, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus - St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, 20850, MD, USA
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital , The Capital Region, Copenhagen, 2000, Denmark
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Building 12A/Room 4047, 12 South Dr., Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, 35294, AL, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. box 30.001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney disease over the lifecourse, Inserm, CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health U1018, 16 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Villejuif, 94807, France
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via G. Moscati 31/34, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby Stree, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Sandviksgatan 2-4, Vasa, 65130, Finland
- Folkhälsan Reasearch Centre, PB 63, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Margie J Wright
- Neuro-Imaging Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006 Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah, 420 Chipeta Way, Room 1160, Salt Lake City, 84117, Utah, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Qld 4001, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447 - Osp. di Cattinara, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, P.O.Box 41, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O.Box 30, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of kinesiology, Laval University, 2300 rue de la Terrasse, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447 - Osp. di Cattinara, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
- Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Catharijnesingel 52, Utrecht, 3501 DG, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- HUCH Heart and Lung center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 340, Helsinki, FI-00029, Finland
| | - Paul Knekt
- Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Magnus Johannesson
- Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Box 6501, Stockholm, SE-113 83, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:03, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, Graz, A-8036, Austria
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Department of Genetics and Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, Saint Louis, 63108, MO, USA
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Diane M Becker
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, Maryland, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, 21205, Maryland, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, 73104, OK , USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Oklahoma Health Sceienecs Center, Oklahoma City , 73104, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, W.-Rathenau-Str. 48, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu, 51010 Estonia
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th Street, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | - Igor Rudan
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing, Block D, 3rd Floor, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, 02118, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Framingham, 01702, MA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Alan F Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC) Group, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habshiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, #02-01 Genome, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Route du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Alan Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition and Program for Personalised and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 Baltimore St. MSTF, Baltimore, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalised and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 Baltimore St. MSTF, Baltimore, 21201, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 685 W Baltimore MSTF, Baltimore, 21201, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Avenue, East, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences , Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Immunology, Genetics & Pathology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 815, Uppsala, SE-751 08, Sweden
| | - Kari E North
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, 137 E Franklin St., Suite 306, USA
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 E. Franklin St., Suite 306, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Population Genetics, National Research Council, Trav. La Crucca n. 3 - Reg. Baldinca, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, 48104, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Holtasmari 1, 201, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Cambridge, 02141, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge Center 7, Cambridge, 02242, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, Helsinki, FI-00251, Finland
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- Centre for Global Health and Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - James F Wilson
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK
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Wang L, Liu H, Jiao Y, Wang E, Clark SH, Postlethwaite AE, Gu W, Chen H. Differences between Mice and Humans in Regulation and the Molecular Network of Collagen, Type III, Alpha-1 at the Gene Expression Level: Obstacles that Translational Research Must Overcome. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15031-56. [PMID: 26151842 PMCID: PMC4519886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen, type III, alpha-1 (COL3A1) is essential for normal collagen I fibrillogenesis in many organs. There are differences in phenotypes of mutations in the COL3A1 gene in humans and mutations in mice. In order to investigate whether the regulation and gene network of COL3A1 is the same in healthy populations of mice and humans, we compared the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that regulate the expression level of COL3A1 and the gene network of COL3A1 pathways between humans and mice using whole genome expression profiles. Our results showed that, for the regulation of expression of Col3a1 in mice, an eQTL on chromosome (Chr) 12 regulates the expression of Col3a1. However, expression of genes in the syntenic region on human Chr 7 has no association with the expression level of COL3A1. For the gene network comparison, we identified 44 top genes whose expression levels are strongly associated with that of Col3a1 in mice. We next identified 41 genes strongly associated with the expression level of COL3A1 in humans. There are a few but significant differences in the COL3A1 gene network between humans and mice. Several genes showed opposite association with expression of COL3A1. These genes are known to play important roles in development and function of the extracellular matrix of the lung. Difference in the molecular pathway of key genes in the COL3A1 gene network in humans and mice suggest caution should be used in extrapolating results from models of human lung diseases in mice to clinical lung diseases in humans. These differences may influence the efficacy of drugs in humans whose development employed mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
- Department of Basic Research, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Inner Mongolia 010110, China.
| | - Hongchao Liu
- Integrative Research Center, the first Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Qiqihaer 161005, China.
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang 157001, China.
| | - Erjian Wang
- Integrative Research Center, the first Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Qiqihaer 161005, China.
| | - Stephen H Clark
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Arnold E Postlethwaite
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
| | - Hong Chen
- Integrative Research Center, the first Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Qiqihaer 161005, China.
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210
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Hansen JG, Gao W, Dupuis J, O'Connor GT, Tang W, Kowgier M, Sood A, Gharib SA, Palmer LJ, Fornage M, Heckbert SR, Psaty BM, Booth SL, Cassano PA. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D status and genetic variation in the vitamin D metabolic pathway with FEV1 in the Framingham Heart Study. Respir Res 2015; 16:81. [PMID: 26122139 PMCID: PMC4491260 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is associated with lung function in cross-sectional studies, and vitamin D inadequacy is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Further data are needed to clarify the relation between vitamin D status, genetic variation in vitamin D metabolic genes, and cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in lung function in healthy adults. METHODS We estimated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and cross-sectional forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring and Third Generation participants and the association between serum 25(OH)D and longitudinal change in FEV1 in Third Generation participants using linear mixed-effects models. Using a gene-based approach, we investigated the association between 241 SNPs in 6 select vitamin D metabolic genes in relation to longitudinal change in FEV1 in Offspring participants and pursued replication of these findings in a meta-analyzed set of 4 independent cohorts. RESULTS We found a positive cross-sectional association between 25(OH)D and FEV1 in FHS Offspring and Third Generation participants (P=0.004). There was little or no association between 25(OH)D and longitudinal change in FEV1 in Third Generation participants (P=0.97). In Offspring participants, the CYP2R1 gene, hypothesized to influence usual serum 25(OH)D status, was associated with longitudinal change in FEV1 (gene-based P<0.05). The most significantly associated SNP from CYP2R1 had a consistent direction of association with FEV1 in the meta-analyzed set of replication cohorts, but the association did not reach statistical significance thresholds (P=0.09). CONCLUSIONS Serum 25(OH)D status was associated with cross-sectional FEV1, but not longitudinal change in FEV1. The inconsistent associations may be driven by differences in the groups studied. CYP2R1 demonstrated a gene-based association with longitudinal change in FEV1 and is a promising candidate gene for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Hansen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 209 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - W Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - J Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
| | - G T O'Connor
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - W Tang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 209 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - M Kowgier
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - A Sood
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - S A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - L J Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - M Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - S R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - B M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - S L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 209 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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211
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The KCNE2 K⁺ channel regulatory subunit: Ubiquitous influence, complex pathobiology. Gene 2015; 569:162-72. [PMID: 26123744 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The KCNE single-span transmembrane subunits are encoded by five-member gene families in the human and mouse genomes. Primarily recognized for co-assembling with and functionally regulating the voltage-gated potassium channels, the broad influence of KCNE subunits in mammalian physiology belies their small size. KCNE2 has been widely studied since we first discovered one of its roles in the heart and its association with inherited and acquired human Long QT syndrome. Since then, physiological analyses together with human and mouse genetics studies have uncovered a startling array of functions for KCNE2, in the heart, stomach, thyroid and choroid plexus. The other side of this coin is the variety of interconnected disease manifestations caused by KCNE2 disruption, involving both excitable cells such as cardiomyocytes, and non-excitable, polarized epithelia. Kcne2 deletion in mice has been particularly instrumental in illustrating the potential ramifications within a monogenic arrhythmia syndrome, with removal of one piece revealing the unexpected complexity of the puzzle. Here, we review current knowledge of the function and pathobiology of KCNE2.
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212
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Zhou JJ, Cho MH, Lange C, Lutz S, Silverman EK, Laird NM. Integrating Multiple Correlated Phenotypes for Genetic Association Analysis by Maximizing Heritability. Hum Hered 2015; 79:93-104. [PMID: 26111731 DOI: 10.1159/000381641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many correlated disease variables are analyzed jointly in genetic studies in the hope of increasing power to detect causal genetic variants. One approach involves assessing the relationship between each phenotype and each SNP individually and using a Bonferroni correction for the effective number of tests conducted. Alternatively, one can apply a multivariate regression or a dimension reduction technique, such as principal component analysis, and test for the association with the principal components of the phenotypes rather than the individual phenotypes. Inspired by the previous approaches of combining phenotypes to maximize heritability at individual SNPs, in this paper, we propose to construct a maximally heritable (MaxH) phenotype by taking advantage of the estimated total heritability and co-heritability. The heritability and co-heritability only need to be estimated once; therefore, our method is applicable to genome-wide scans. The MaxH phenotype is a linear combination of the individual phenotypes with increased heritability and power over the phenotypes being combined. Simulations show that the heritability and power achieved agree well with the theory for large samples and two phenotypes. We compare our approach with commonly used methods and assess both the heritability and the power of the MaxH phenotype. Moreover, we provide suggestions for how to choose the phenotypes for combination. An application of our approach to a GWAS on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease shows its practical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin J Zhou
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., USA
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213
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de Jong K, Vonk JM, Timens W, Bossé Y, Sin DD, Hao K, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R, Postma DS, Boezen HM. Genome-wide interaction study of gene-by-occupational exposure and effects on FEV1 levels. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1664-1672.e14. [PMID: 25979521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease characterized by impaired lung function and airway obstruction resulting from interactions between multiple genes and multiple environmental exposures. Thus far, genome-wide association studies have largely disregarded environmental factors that might trigger the development of lung function impairment and COPD, such as occupational exposures, which are thought to contribute to 15% to 20% of the COPD prevalence. OBJECTIVES We performed a genome-wide interaction study to identify novel susceptibility loci for occupational exposure to biological dust, mineral dust, and gases and fumes in relation to FEV1 levels. METHODS We performed an identification analysis in 12,400 subjects from the LifeLines cohort study and verified our findings in 1436 subjects from a second independent cohort, the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort. Additionally, we assessed whether replicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were cis-acting expression (mRNA) quantitative trait loci in lung tissue. RESULTS Of the 7 replicated SNPs that interacted with one of the occupational exposures, several identified loci were plausible candidates that might be involved in biological pathways leading to lung function impairment, such as PCDH9 and GALNT13. Two of the 7 replicated SNPs were cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci associated with gene expression of PDE4D and TMEM176A in lung tissue. CONCLUSION This genome-wide interaction study on occupational exposures in relation to the level of lung function identified several novel genes. Further research should determine whether the identified genes are true susceptibility loci for occupational exposures and whether these SNP-by-exposure interactions consequently contribute to the development of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Department of Medicine and Center for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Burroughs AM, Zhang D, Aravind L. The eukaryotic translation initiation regulator CDC123 defines a divergent clade of ATP-grasp enzymes with a predicted role in novel protein modifications. Biol Direct 2015; 10:21. [PMID: 25976611 PMCID: PMC4431377 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-015-0053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Deciphering the origin of uniquely eukaryotic features of sub-cellular systems, such as the translation apparatus, is critical in reconstructing eukaryogenesis. One such feature is the highly conserved, but poorly understood, eukaryotic protein CDC123, which regulates the abundance of the eukaryotic translation initiation eIF2 complex and binds one of its components eIF2γ. We show that the eukaryotic protein CDC123 defines a novel clade of ATP-grasp enzymes distinguished from all other members of the superfamily by a RAGNYA domain with two conserved lysines (henceforth the R2K clade). Combining the available biochemical and genetic data on CDC123 with the inferred enzymatic function, we propose that the eukaryotic CDC123 proteins are likely to function as ATP-dependent protein-peptide ligases which modify proteins by ribosome-independent addition of an oligopeptide tag. We also show that the CDC123 family emerged first in bacteria where it appears to have diversified along with the two other families of the R2K clade. The bacterial CDC123 family members are of two distinct types, one found as part of type VI secretion systems which deliver polymorphic toxins and the other functioning as potential effectors delivered to amoeboid eukaryotic hosts. Representatives of the latter type have also been independently transferred to phylogenetically unrelated amoeboid eukaryotes and their nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses. Similarly, the two other prokaryotic R2K clade families are also proposed to participate in biological conflicts between bacteriophages and their hosts. These findings add further evidence to the recently proposed hypothesis that the horizontal transfer of enzymatic effectors from the bacterial endosymbionts of the stem eukaryotes played a fundamental role in the emergence of the characteristically eukaryotic regulatory systems and sub-cellular structures. Reviewers This article was reviewed by Michael Galperin and Sandor Pongor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13062-015-0053-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maxwell Burroughs
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
| | - L Aravind
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
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Mecham RP, Gibson MA. The microfibril-associated glycoproteins (MAGPs) and the microfibrillar niche. Matrix Biol 2015; 47:13-33. [PMID: 25963142 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The microfibril-associated glycoproteins MAGP-1 and MAGP-2 are extracellular matrix proteins that interact with fibrillin to influence microfibril function. The two proteins are related through a 60 amino acid matrix-binding domain but their sequences differ outside of this region. A distinguishing feature of both proteins is their ability to interact with TGFβ family growth factors, Notch and Notch ligands, and multiple elastic fiber proteins. MAGP-2 can also interact with αvβ3 integrins via a RGD sequence that is not found in MAGP-1. Morpholino knockdown of MAGP-1 expression in zebrafish resulted in abnormal vessel wall architecture and altered vascular network formation. In the mouse, MAGP-1 deficiency had little effect on elastic fibers in blood vessels and lung but resulted in numerous unexpected phenotypes including bone abnormalities, hematopoietic changes, increased fat deposition, diabetes, impaired wound repair, and a bleeding diathesis. Inactivation of the gene for MAGP-2 in mice produced a neutropenia yet had minimal effects on bone or adipose homeostasis. Double knockouts had phenotypes characteristic of each individual knockout as well as several additional traits only seen when both genes are inactivated. A common mechanism underlying all of the traits associated with the knockout phenotypes is altered TGFβ signaling. This review summarizes our current understanding of the function of the MAGPs and discusses ideas related to their role in growth factor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Mark A Gibson
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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Xie J, Wu H, Xu Y, Wu X, Liu X, Shang J, Zhao J, Zhao J, Wang J, Dela Cruz CS, Xiong W, Xu Y. Gene susceptibility identification in a longitudinal study confirms new loci in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and influences lung function decline. Respir Res 2015; 16:49. [PMID: 25928290 PMCID: PMC4427922 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To identify COPD associated gene susceptibility and lung function in a longitudinal cohort including COPD and subjects who were at risk for developing COPD, and to replicate this in two cross-sectional and longitudinal populations in Chinese Han population. Methods Three cohorts were recruited in this study, including an 18-year follow-up population (306 COPD and 743 control subjects) in one village in 1992 and it changed to 409 COPD and 611 controls in 2010, a 2 year follow-up study in another village (374 COPD and 377 controls) and another 2 year follow-up one in a city (541 COPD and 560 controls) in 2010. Sixteen candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for genotyping. Among them, 5SNPs in or near HHIP, 1SNP in IREB2 and 1SNP in FAM13A were previously reported to be associated with COPD susceptibility or lung function decline. And another 9SNPs were selected from HapMap website as HHIP tags. In 2010, totaling 1,324 COPD patients and 1,548 healthy controls were finally included in our genetic susceptibility analyses. Results We identified two new regions showing an association with COPD susceptibility in the Human Hedgehog interacting protein (HHIP) rs11100865 and rs7654947, and we confirmed that the family with sequence similarity 13 member A gene (FAM13A) rs7671167 was associated with the development of COPD in Chinese Han population. And the HHIP rs7654947 and FAM13A rs7671167 were associated with lung function decline, and this result was replicated in other two populations. Conclusions These results suggest an important role of the HHIP and FAM13A regions as genetic risk factors for COPD development and lung function decline in Chinese Han population. Future research on these genes should focus on the molecular mechanisms of these genes on developing COPD and creating therapies to alleviate reduced lung function. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0209-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hongxu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuzhu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaojie Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Junling Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jianmiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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217
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Ma R, Wang C, Wang J, Wang D, Xu J. miRNA-mRNA interaction network in non-small-cell lung cancer. Interdiscip Sci 2015. [PMID: 25863966 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-014-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small RNA molecules, about 20-25 nucleotides in length. They repress or degrade messenger RNA (mRNA) translation, which are involved in human cancer. In this study based on paired miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) samples, we constructed and analyzed miRNA-mRNA interaction network via several bioinformatics softwares and platforms. This integrative network is comprised of 249 nodes for mRNA, 90 nodes for miRNA and 290 edges that show regulations between target genes and miRNAs. The three miR-1207-5p, miR-1228* and miR-939 are the most connected miRNA that regulated a large number of genes. ST8SIA2, MED1 and HDAC4, SPN, which are targeted by multiple miRNAs and located in the center of the network, are involved in both lung cancer and nervous system via functional annotation analysis. Such a global interaction network of miRNA-mRNA in lung cancer will contribute to refining miRNA target predictions and developing novel therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Ma
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Hansen JG, Tang W, Hootman KC, Brannon PM, Houston DK, Kritchevsky SB, Harris TB, Garcia M, Lohman K, Liu Y, de Boer IH, Kestenbaum BR, Robinson-Cohen C, Siscovick DS, Cassano PA. Genetic and environmental factors are associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in older African Americans. J Nutr 2015; 145:799-805. [PMID: 25716552 PMCID: PMC4381765 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.202093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is prevalent in African Americans, but predictors of vitamin D status are understudied compared to Caucasian populations. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether certain environmental and genetic factors are predictors of circulating 25(OH)D in 989 elderly African Americans participating in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. METHODS Regression analysis estimated the cross-sectional association of nongenetic (environmental) factors with 25(OH)D. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 25(OH)D in Caucasian genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were analyzed for association with serum 25(OH)D, including analyses of all imputed SNPs in identified genomic regions. Genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) evaluated the association of all (genome-wide) genotyped SNPs with serum 25(OH)D in the Health ABC Study with replication in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. RESULTS Gender, study site, season of blood draw, body mass index, dietary supplement use, dairy and cereal consumption, Healthy Eating Index score, and walking >180 min/wk were associated with 25(OH)D (P < 0.05), jointly explaining 25% of the variation in circulating 25(OH)D. Multivitamin supplement use was the strongest predictor of circulating 25(OH)D, and supplement users had a 6.3-μg/L higher serum 25(OH)D concentration compared with nonusers. Previous GWAS-identified gene regions were not replicated in African Americans, but the nonsynonymous rs7041 SNP in group-specific component (vitamin D binding protein) was close to significance thresholds (P = 0.08), and there was evidence for an interaction between this SNP and use of multivitamin supplements in relation to serum 25(OH)D concentration (P = 0.04). Twenty-three percent (95% CI: 0%, 52%) of the variation in serum 25(OH)D was explained by total genetic variation in a pooled GCTA of 2087 Health ABC Study and MESA African-American participants, but population substructure effects could not be separated from other genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS Modifiable dietary and lifestyle predictors of serum 25(OH)D were identified in African Americans. GCTA confirms that a proportion of 25(OH)D variability is attributable to genetic variation, but genomic regions associated with the 25(OH)D phenotype identified in prior GWASs of European Americans were not replicated in the Health ABC Study in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyanna G Hansen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Wenbo Tang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Katie C Hootman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Patsy M Brannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Melissa Garcia
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and,Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and,Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Cassianne Robinson-Cohen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and,Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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219
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Gohy ST, Hupin C, Fregimilicka C, Detry BR, Bouzin C, Gaide Chevronay H, Lecocq M, Weynand B, Ladjemi MZ, Pierreux CE, Birembaut P, Polette M, Pilette C. Imprinting of the COPD airway epithelium for dedifferentiation and mesenchymal transition. Eur Respir J 2015; 45:1258-72. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00135814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), epithelial changes and subepithelial fibrosis are salient features in conducting airways. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recently suggested in COPD, but the mechanisms and relationship to peribronchial fibrosis remain unclear. We hypothesised that de-differentiation of the COPD respiratory epithelium through EMT could participate in airway fibrosis and thereby, in airway obstruction.Surgical lung tissue and primary broncho-epithelial cultures (in air–liquid interface (ALI)) from 104 patients were assessed for EMT markers. Cell cultures were also assayed for mesenchymal features and for the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.The bronchial epithelium from COPD patients showed increased vimentin and decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression. Increased vimentin expression correlated with basement membrane thickening and airflow limitation. ALI broncho-epithelial cells from COPD patients also displayed EMT phenotype in up to 2 weeks of culture, were more spindle shaped and released more fibronectin. Targeting TGF-β1 during ALI differentiation prevented vimentin induction and fibronectin release.In COPD, the airway epithelium displays features of de-differentiation towards mesenchymal cells, which correlate with peribronchial fibrosis and airflow limitation, and which are partly due to a TGF-β1-driven epithelial reprogramming.
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220
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Vasilopoulos T, Kremen WS, Grant MD, Panizzon MS, Xian H, Toomey R, Lyons MJ, Jacobson KC, Franz CE. Individual differences in cognitive ability at age 20 predict pulmonary function 35 years later. J Epidemiol Community Health 2015; 69:261-5. [PMID: 25273357 PMCID: PMC4756634 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor pulmonary function is associated with mortality and age-related diseases, and can affect cognitive performance. However, extant longitudinal studies indicate that early cognitive ability also affects later pulmonary function. Despite the multifaceted nature of pulmonary function, most longitudinal studies were limited to a single index of pulmonary function: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). In this study, we examined whether early adult cognitive ability predicted five different indices of pulmonary function in mid-life. METHODS Mixed modelling tested the association between young adult general cognitive ability (mean age=20), measured by the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT), and mid-life pulmonary function (mean age=55), in 1019 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. Pulmonary function was indexed by per cent predicted values for forced vital capacity (FVC%p), FEV1%p, maximum forced expiratory flow (FEFmax%p), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV%p), and by the ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC), an index of lung obstruction. RESULTS After adjusting for smoking, pulmonary disease, occupation, income and education, age 20 AFQT was significantly (p<0.05) associated with mid-life FVC%p (β=0.10), FEV1%p (β=0.13), FEFmax%p (β=0.13), and MVV%p (β=0.13), but was not significantly associated with FEV1/FVC (β=0.03, p=0.34). CONCLUSIONS Early adult cognitive ability is a predictor of multiple indices of aging-related pulmonary function 35 years later, including lung volume, airflow and ventilator capacity. Cognitive deficits associated with impaired aging-related lung function may, thus, be partly pre-existing. However, results also highlight that early life risk factors may be differentially related to different metrics of later-life pulmonary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrie Vasilopoulos
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael D Grant
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- VA St. Louis Healthcare System, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristen C Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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221
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Yao C, Chen BH, Joehanes R, Otlu B, Zhang X, Liu C, Huan T, Tastan O, Cupples LA, Meigs JB, Fox CS, Freedman JE, Courchesne P, O'Donnell CJ, Munson PJ, Keles S, Levy D. Integromic analysis of genetic variation and gene expression identifies networks for cardiovascular disease phenotypes. Circulation 2015; 131:536-49. [PMID: 25533967 PMCID: PMC4369387 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.010696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) reflects a highly coordinated complex of traits. Although genome-wide association studies have reported numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be associated with CVD, the role of most of these variants in disease processes remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We built a CVD network using 1512 SNPs associated with 21 CVD traits in genome-wide association studies (at P≤5×10(-8)) and cross-linked different traits by virtue of their shared SNP associations. We then explored whole blood gene expression in relation to these SNPs in 5257 participants in the Framingham Heart Study. At a false discovery rate <0.05, we identified 370 cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs; SNPs associated with altered expression of nearby genes) and 44 trans-eQTLs (SNPs associated with altered expression of remote genes). The eQTL network revealed 13 CVD-related modules. Searching for association of eQTL genes with CVD risk factors (lipids, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and body mass index) in the same individuals, we found examples in which the expression of eQTL genes was significantly associated with these CVD phenotypes. In addition, mediation tests suggested that a subset of SNPs previously associated with CVD phenotypes in genome-wide association studies may exert their function by altering expression of eQTL genes (eg, LDLR and PCSK7), which in turn may promote interindividual variation in phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Using a network approach to analyze CVD traits, we identified complex networks of SNP-phenotype and SNP-transcript connections. Integrating the CVD network with phenotypic data, we identified biological pathways that may provide insights into potential drug targets for treatment or prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yao
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Brian H Chen
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Roby Joehanes
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Burcak Otlu
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Chunyu Liu
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Oznur Tastan
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - James B Meigs
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Caroline S Fox
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Jane E Freedman
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Paul Courchesne
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Peter J Munson
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Sunduz Keles
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.)
| | - Daniel Levy
- From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., L.A.C., C.S.F., P.C., C.J.O'D., D.L.); Population Sciences Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (C.Y., B.H.C., R.J., X.Z., C.L., T.H., P.C., D.L.); Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.J., P.J.M.); Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (B.O.); Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey (O.T.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.A.C.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.S.F.); Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester (J.E.F.); Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.J.O'D.); and Departments of Statistics and of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison (S.K.).
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Kim S, Kim H, Cho N, Lee SK, Han BG, Sull JW, Jee SH, Shin C. Identification of FAM13A gene associated with the ratio of FEV1 to FVC in Korean population by genome-wide association studies including gene-environment interactions. J Hum Genet 2015; 60:139-45. [PMID: 25608829 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex, multifactorial disease. Although smoking is a main risk factor for obstructive impairment, not all smokers develop this critical disease. We conducted a genome-wide association study to identify the association between genetic variants and pulmonary function and also examined how these variants relate to lung impairment in accordance with smoking behaviors. Using two community-based cohorts, the Ansan cohort (n=4319) and the Ansung cohort (n=3674), in the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study, we analyzed the association between genetic variants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes) and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC) using multivariate linear regression models. Similar analyses were conducted after stratification by smoking status. Four genome-wide significant signals in the FAM13A gene (the strongest signal at rs2609264, P=1.76 × 10(-7) in a combined set) were associated with FEV1/FVC. For the association with ratio, the effect size in the CTGA haplotype (risk haplotype) was -0.57% (s.e., 0.11; P=2.10 × 10(-7)) as compared with the TCAG haplotype (reference haplotype) in a combined set. There was also a significant interaction of FAM13A haplotypes with heavy smoking on FEV1/FVC (P for interaction=0.028). We confirmed the previously reported association of FAM13A in 4q22.1 with pulmonary function. The FAM13A haplotypes also interacted with heavy smoking to affect the risk of reduced pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soriul Kim
- 1] Institute of Human Genomic Study, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhan Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok-Ghee Han
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Cheongwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Sull
- Department of Bio-Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- 1] Institute of Human Genomic Study, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea [2] Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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223
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Ganguly K, Martin TM, Concel VJ, Upadhyay S, Bein K, Brant KA, George L, Mitra A, Thimraj TA, Fabisiak JP, Vuga LJ, Fattman C, Kaminski N, Schulz H, Leikauf GD. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 is a determinant of lung function development in mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 51:637-51. [PMID: 24816281 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0471oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) is located within quantitative trait loci associated with lung function that was previously identified by contrasting C3H/HeJ and JF1/Msf mouse strains that have extremely divergent lung function. JF1/Msf mice with diminished lung function had reduced lung SPP1 transcript and protein during the peak stage of alveologenesis (postnatal day [P]14-P28) as compared with C3H/HeJ mice. In addition to a previously identified genetic variant that altered runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) binding in the Spp1 promoter, we identified another promoter variant in a putative RUNX2 binding site that increased the DNA protein binding. SPP1 induced dose-dependent mouse lung epithelial-15 cell proliferation. Spp1((-/-)) mice have decreased specific total lung capacity/body weight, higher specific compliance, and increased mean airspace chord length (Lm) compared with Spp1((+/+)) mice. Microarray analysis revealed enriched gene ontogeny categories, with numerous genes associated with lung development and/or respiratory disease. Insulin-like growth factor 1, Hedgehog-interacting protein, wingless-related mouse mammary tumor virus integration site 5A, and NOTCH1 transcripts decreased in the lung of P14 Spp1((-/-)) mice as determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. SPP1 promotes pneumocyte growth, and mice lacking SPP1 have smaller, more compliant lungs with enlarged airspace (i.e., increased Lm). Microarray analysis suggests a dysregulation of key lung developmental transcripts in gene-targeted Spp1((-/-)) mice, particularly during the peak phase of alveologenesis. In addition to its known roles in lung disease, this study supports SPP1 as a determinant of lung development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Ganguly
- 1 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health
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Hammad H. Epithelial Cell Regulation of Immune Responses in the Lung. Mucosal Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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225
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Imboden M, Kumar A, Curjuric I, Adam M, Thun GA, Haun M, Tsai MY, Pons M, Bettschart R, Turk A, Rochat T, Künzli N, Schindler C, Kronenberg F, Probst-Hensch NM. Modification of the association between PM10 and lung function decline by cadherin 13 polymorphisms in the SAPALDIA cohort: a genome-wide interaction analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:72-9. [PMID: 25127211 PMCID: PMC4286270 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both air pollution and genetic variation have been shown to affect lung function. Their interaction has not been studied on a genome-wide scale to date. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify, in an agnostic fashion, genes that modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and annual lung function decline in an adult population-based sample. METHODS A two-stage genome-wide interaction study was performed. The discovery (n = 763) and replication (n = 3,896) samples were derived from the multi-center SAPALDIA cohort (Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Disease in Adults). Annual rate of decline in the forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) was the main end point. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify potential multiplicative interactions between genotypes and 11-year cumulative PM10 exposure. RESULTS We identified a cluster of variants intronic to the CDH13 gene as the only locus with genome-wide significant interactions. The strongest interaction was observed for rs2325934 (p = 8.8 × 10(-10)). Replication of the interaction between this CDH13 variant and cumulative PM10 exposure on annual decline in FEF25-75% was successful (p = 0.008). The interaction was not sensitive to adjustment for smoking or body weight. CONCLUSIONS CDH13 is functionally linked to the adipokine adiponectin, an inflammatory regulator. Future studies need to confirm the interaction and assess how the result relates to previously observed interactions between air pollution and obesity on respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
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Yang L, Qiu F, Fang W, Zhang L, Xie C, Lu X, Huang D, Guo Y, Pan M, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Lu J. The Functional Copy Number Variation-67048 in WWOX Contributes to Increased Risk of COPD in Southern and Eastern Chinese. COPD 2014; 12:494-501. [PMID: 25517572 DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2014.948993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have recognized the genetic variants in the WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) gene as genetic determinants of lung function, reflecting that the WWOX gene may be a susceptible factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which characters as poor lung function. We have previously showed that the copy number variation-67048 (CNV-67048) of WWOX was associated with lung cancer risk. Here, we hypothesized that the CNV-67048 affects COPD susceptibility. Based on a two-stage case-control study with a total of 1791 COPD patients and 1940 controls of southern and eastern Chinese, we found that the loss genotypes (0-copy and 1-copy) of CNV-67048 harbored a significantly increased risk of COPD, with an odds ratio (OR) as 1.29 (1.11-1.49) when compared with the common 2-copy genotype. The pre-forced expiratory volume in one second (pre-FEV1) to pre-forced vital capacity (pre-FVC) of carriers with loss genotypes (0.729 ± 0.130) was significantly lower than carriers with 2-copy genotype (0.747 ± 0.124; p = 7.93 × 10(-5)). However, no significant difference was observed on pre-FEV1, pre-FVC and the annual decline of pre-FEV1 between the loss genotypes and 2-copy genotype carriers. Our data suggest that the loss genotypes of CNV-67048 in WWOX predispose their carriers to COPD, which might be a genetic biomarker to predict risk of COPD in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Fuman Qiu
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Wenxiang Fang
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chenli Xie
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Dongguan Taiping People Hospital , Dongguan , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- c Department of Respiratory Medicine , Guangzhou Chest Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yuan Guo
- d The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Mingan Pan
- e Department of Respiratory Medicine , the third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- f Department of Respiratory Medicine , Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- g Department of Genetics , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- a The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Yamada H, Yatagai Y, Masuko H, Sakamoto T, Iijima H, Naito T, Noguchi E, Hirota T, Tamari M, Hizawa N. Heritability of pulmonary function estimated from genome-wide SNPs in healthy Japanese adults. Respir Investig 2014; 53:60-7. [PMID: 25745850 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary function is a heritable trait, and recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified a number of loci influencing the trait. Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) is a novel method provided by a software package that estimates the total additive genetic influence caused by common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on whole-genome arrays. We conducted a GWAS and assessed the heritability of pulmonary function in an adult Japanese population using this approach. METHODS We initially conducted a GWAS on %forced vital capacity (FVC), %forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC in healthy Japanese adults (N=967). We then examined the heritability of these traits using GCTA with a total of 480,026 SNPs. We also estimated the genetic impact of the 24 genes identified as susceptibility genes to FEV1/FVC in six previous GWASs on the heritability of FEV1/FVC in the Japanese population. RESULTS The heritabilities for %FVC, %FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were 71.2%, 51.9% and 41.6%, respectively. These results corresponded to previous heritability estimates for pulmonary function obtained by GCTA or by twin studies. The 24 previously reported pulmonary function genes accounted for 4.3-12.0% of the entire estimated heritability of FEV1/FVC. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the heritability of pulmonary function traits can be explained by the additive effects of multiple common SNPs in healthy Japanese adults. The pulmonary function genes reported in previous GWASs of non-Japanese populations showed a definite impact of the genes on FEV1/FVC, thus indicating the presence of common pathways related to this trait beyond ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyasu Yamada
- Department of Pulmonology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Yohei Yatagai
- Department of Pulmonology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Hironori Masuko
- Department of Pulmonology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Tohru Sakamoto
- Department of Pulmonology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Iijima
- Tsukuba Medical Center, Tsukuba Medical Center, Amakubo 1-3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558, Japan.
| | - Takashi Naito
- Tsukuba Medical Center, Tsukuba Medical Center, Amakubo 1-3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8558, Japan.
| | - Emiko Noguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Center for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Suehiro 1-7-22, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Tamari
- Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Center for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Suehiro 1-7-22, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Pulmonology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
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Hoang LT, Tolfvenstam T, Ooi EE, Khor CC, Naim ANM, Ho EXP, Ong SH, Wertheim HF, Fox A, Van Vinh Nguyen C, Nghiem NM, Ha TM, Thi Ngoc Tran A, Tambayah P, Lin R, Sangsajja C, Manosuthi W, Chuchottaworn C, Sansayunh P, Chotpitayasunondh T, Suntarattiwong P, Chokephaibulkit K, Puthavathana P, de Jong MD, Farrar J, van Doorn HR, Hibberd ML. Patient-based transcriptome-wide analysis identify interferon and ubiquination pathways as potential predictors of influenza A disease severity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111640. [PMID: 25365328 PMCID: PMC4218794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The influenza A virus is an RNA virus that is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide with up to five million cases of severe illness and 500,000 deaths annually according to the World Health Organization estimates. The factors associated with severe diseases are not well defined, but more severe disease is more often seen among persons aged >65 years, infants, pregnant women, and individuals of any age with underlying health conditions. Methodology/Principal Findings Using gene expression microarrays, the transcriptomic profiles of influenza-infected patients with severe (N = 11), moderate (N = 40) and mild (N = 83) symptoms were compared with the febrile patients of unknown etiology (N = 73). We found that influenza-infected patients, regardless of their clinical outcomes, had a stronger induction of antiviral and cytokine responses and a stronger attenuation of NK and T cell responses in comparison with those with unknown etiology. More importantly, we found that both interferon and ubiquitination signaling were strongly attenuated in patients with the most severe outcomes in comparison with those with moderate and mild outcomes, suggesting the protective roles of these pathways in disease pathogenesis. Conclusion/Significances The attenuation of interferon and ubiquitination pathways may associate with the clinical outcomes of influenza patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Tolfvenstam
- Infection Immunology, Respiratory Infections, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Swee Hoe Ong
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heiman F. Wertheim
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Annette Fox
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ngoc My Nghiem
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Raymond Lin
- National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Menno D. de Jong
- The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeremy Farrar
- The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - H. Rogier van Doorn
- The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Thyagarajan B, Wojczynski M, Minster RL, Sanders J, Barral S, Christiansen L, Barr RG, Newman A. Genetic variants associated with lung function: the long life family study. Respir Res 2014; 15:134. [PMID: 25409777 PMCID: PMC4228089 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-014-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) are strong predictors of mortality and lung function is higher among individuals with exceptional longevity. However, genetic factors associated with lung function in individuals with exceptional longevity have not been identified. Method We conducted a genome wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with lung function in the Long Life Family Study (LLFS) (n = 3,899). Replication was performed using data from the CHARGE/SpiroMeta consortia. The association between SNPs and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC was analyzed using a linear mixed effects model adjusted for age, age2, sex, height, field center, ancestry principal components and kinship structure to adjust for family relationships separately for ever smokers and never smokers. In the linkage analysis, we used the residuals of the FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, adjusted for age, sex, height, ancestry principal components (PCs), smoking status, pack-years, and field center. Results We identified nine SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium in the CYP2U1 gene to be associated with FEV1 and a novel SNP (rs889574) associated with FEV1/FVC, none of which were replicated in the CHARGE/SpiroMeta consortia. Using linkage analysis, we identified a novel linkage peak in chromosome 2 at 219 cM for FEV1/FVC (LOD: 3.29) and confirmed a previously reported linkage peak in chromosome 6 at 28 cM (LOD: 3.33) for FEV1. Conclusion Future studies need to identify the rare genetic variants underlying the linkage peak in chromosome 6 for FEV1. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-014-0134-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, 1-136 Moos Towers, Minneapolis 55455, MN, USA.
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House JS, Li H, DeGraff LM, Flake G, Zeldin DC, London SJ. Genetic variation in HTR4 and lung function: GWAS follow-up in mouse. FASEB J 2014; 29:323-35. [PMID: 25342126 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-253898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and pulmonary function. Proving that there is a causal relationship between GWAS SNPs, many of which are noncoding and without known functional impact, and these traits has been elusive. Furthermore, noncoding GWAS-identified SNPs may exert trans-regulatory effects rather than impact the proximal gene. Noncoding variants in 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 4 (HTR4) are associated with pulmonary function in human GWASs. To gain insight into whether this association is causal, we tested whether Htr4-null mice have altered pulmonary function. We found that HTR4-deficient mice have 12% higher baseline lung resistance and also increased methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) as measured by lung resistance (27%), tissue resistance (48%), and tissue elastance (30%). Furthermore, Htr4-null mice were more sensitive to serotonin-induced AHR. In models of exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide, bleomycin, and allergic airway inflammation induced by house dust mites, pulmonary function and cytokine profiles in Htr4-null mice differed little from their wild-type controls. The findings of altered baseline lung function and increased AHR in Htr4-null mice support a causal relationship between genetic variation in HTR4 and pulmonary function identified in human GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S House
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Huiling Li
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura M DeGraff
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gordon Flake
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephanie J London
- *Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; and Division of the National Toxicology Program, U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Aaron CP, Schwartz JE, Bielinski SJ, Hoffman EA, Austin JHM, Oelsner EC, Donohue KM, Kalhan R, Berardi C, Kaufman JD, Jacobs DR, Tracy RP, Barr RG. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and progression of percent emphysema: the MESA Lung Study. Respir Med 2014; 109:255-64. [PMID: 25457724 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1 binds neutrophils and facilitates their transmigration into the lung; E-selectin facilitates leukocyte rolling. As neutrophils contribute to tissue destruction in emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we hypothesized that soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) would be associated with longitudinal progression of emphysema and lung function decline. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) enrolled participants 45-84 years old without clinical cardiovascular disease in 2000-02. The MESA Lung Study assessed percent emphysema (<-950 Hounsfield units) on cardiac (2000-07) and full-lung CT scans (2010-12), and spirometry was assessed twice over five years. sICAM-1 and sE-selectin were measured at baseline. Mixed-effect models adjusted for demographics, anthropometry, smoking, C-reactive protein, sphingomyelin and scanner factors. RESULTS Among 1865 MESA Lung participants with measurement of sICAM-1 and percent emphysema the mean log-sICAM-1 was 5.5 ± 0.3 ng/mL and percent emphysema increased 0.73 percentage points (95% CI: 0.34, 1.12; P < 0.001) over ten years. A one SD increase in sICAM-1 was associated with an accelerated increase in percent emphysema of 0.23 percentage points over ten years (95% CI: 0.06, 0.39; P = 0.007). No significant association was found for sE-selectin, or between any adhesion molecule and lung function. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of sICAM-1 were independently associated with progression of percent emphysema in a general population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie P Aaron
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph E Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Eric A Hoffman
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John H M Austin
- Department of Radiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen M Donohue
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cecilia Berardi
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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232
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Castaldi PJ, Cho MH, San José Estépar R, McDonald MLN, Laird N, Beaty TH, Washko G, Crapo JD, Silverman EK. Genome-wide association identifies regulatory Loci associated with distinct local histogram emphysema patterns. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:399-409. [PMID: 25006744 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201403-0569oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Emphysema is a heritable trait that occurs in smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Emphysema occurs in distinct pathologic patterns, but the genetic determinants of these patterns are unknown. OBJECTIVES To identify genetic loci associated with distinct patterns of emphysema in smokers and investigate the regulatory function of these loci. METHODS Quantitative measures of distinct emphysema patterns were generated from computed tomography scans from smokers in the COPDGene Study using the local histogram emphysema quantification method. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed in 9,614 subjects for five emphysema patterns, and the results were referenced against enhancer and DNase I hypersensitive regions from ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics cell lines. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Genome-wide significant associations were identified for seven loci. Two are novel associations (top single-nucleotide polymorphism rs379123 in MYO1D and rs9590614 in VMA8) located within genes that function in cell-cell signaling and cell migration, and five are in loci previously associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility (HHIP, IREB2/CHRNA3, CYP2A6/ADCK, TGFB2, and MMP12). Five of these seven loci lay within enhancer or DNase I hypersensitivity regions in lung fibroblasts or small airway epithelial cells, respectively. Enhancer enrichment analysis for top GWAS associations (single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated at P < 5 × 10(-6)) identified multiple cell lines with significant enhancer enrichment among top GWAS loci, including lung fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time genetic associations with distinct patterns of pulmonary emphysema quantified by computed tomography scan. Enhancer regions are significantly enriched among these GWAS results, with pulmonary fibroblasts among the cell types showing the strongest enrichment.
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233
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Song Y, Hou J, Huang X, Zhang X, Tan A, Rong Y, Sun H, Zhou Y, Cui X, Yang Y, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Luo X, Zhang B, Hou F, He X, Xie J, Wu T, Chen W, Yuan J. The Wuhan-Zhuhai (WHZH) cohort study of environmental air particulate matter and the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary diseases: study design, methods and baseline characteristics of the cohort. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:994. [PMID: 25252923 PMCID: PMC4247123 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate air pollution has been recognized to be associated with a wide range of adverse health effects, including increased mortality, morbidity, exacerbation of respiratory conditions. However, earlier physiological or pathological changes or long-term bodies' reaction to air pollutants have not been studied in depth in China. The Wuhan-Zhuhai (WHZH) cohort study is designed to investigate the association between air pollutants exposure and physiological or pathological reactions on respiratory and cardiovascular system. METHODS/DESIGN The cohort is a community-based prospective study that includes 4812 individuals aged 18-80 years. The collections of data were conducted from April to May 2011 in Wuhan city and in May 2012 in Zhuhai city. At baseline, data on demographic and socioeconomic information, occupational history, family disease history, lifestyle, cooking mode, daily travel mode, physical activity and living condition have been collected by questionnaires. Participants underwent an extensive physical examination, including anthropometry, spirometry, electrocardiography, and measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, exhaled nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Potential conditions in the lung, heart, liver, spleen, and skin were synchronously performed. In addition, samples of morning urine, fasting blood serum and plasma were collected during physical health examination. DNA were extracted and were stored at -80°C. Environment concentrations of particulate matter and chemicals were determined for 15 days in each of four seasons. Participants are followed for physiological or pathological changes or incidence of cardiopulmonary diseases every 3 years. DISCUSSION The results obtained in WHZH cohort study may increase a better understanding of the relationship between particulate air pollution and its components and possible health damages. And the potential mechanisms underlying the development of cardiopulmonary diseases has implications for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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234
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Walker ML, Holt KE, Anderson GP, Teo SM, Sly PD, Holt PG, Inouye M. Elucidation of pathways driving asthma pathogenesis: development of a systems-level analytic strategy. Front Immunol 2014; 5:447. [PMID: 25295037 PMCID: PMC4172064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a genetically complex, chronic lung disease defined clinically as episodic airflow limitation and breathlessness that is at least partially reversible, either spontaneously or in response to therapy. Whereas asthma was rare in the late 1800s and early 1900s, the marked increase in its incidence and prevalence since the 1960s points to substantial gene × environment interactions occurring over a period of years, but these interactions are very poorly understood (1-6). It is widely believed that the majority of asthma begins during childhood and manifests first as intermittent wheeze. However, wheeze is also very common in infancy and only a subset of wheezy children progress to persistent asthma for reasons that are largely obscure. Here, we review the current literature regarding causal pathways leading to early asthma development and chronicity. Given the complex interactions of many risk factors over time eventually leading to apparently multiple asthma phenotypes, we suggest that deeply phenotyped cohort studies combined with sophisticated network models will be required to derive the next generation of biological and clinical insights in asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Walker
- Medical Systems Biology, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Holt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gary P. Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Lung Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shu Mei Teo
- Medical Systems Biology, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick G. Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
- Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Inouye
- Medical Systems Biology, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical Systems Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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235
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Hobbs BD, Hersh CP. Integrative genomics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:276-86. [PMID: 25078622 PMCID: PMC4172635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic determinants, the most important of which is cigarette smoking. There is marked heterogeneity in the development of COPD among persons with similar cigarette smoking histories, which is likely partially explained by genetic variation. Genomic approaches such as genomewide association studies and gene expression studies have been used to discover genes and molecular pathways involved in COPD pathogenesis; however, these "first generation" omics studies have limitations. Integrative genomic studies are emerging which can combine genomic datasets to further examine the molecular underpinnings of COPD. Future research in COPD genetics will likely use network-based approaches to integrate multiple genomic data types in order to model the complex molecular interactions involved in COPD pathogenesis. This article reviews the genomic research to date and offers a vision for the future of integrative genomic research in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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236
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Wu K, Gamazon ER, Im HK, Geeleher P, White SR, Solway J, Clemmer GL, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG, Cox NJ, Ratain MJ, Huang RS. Genome-wide interrogation of longitudinal FEV1 in children with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:619-27. [PMID: 25221879 PMCID: PMC4214107 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201403-0460oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Most genomic studies of lung function have used phenotypic data derived from a single time-point (e.g., presence/absence of disease) without considering the dynamic progression of a chronic disease. OBJECTIVES To characterize lung function change over time in subjects with asthma and identify genetic contributors to a longitudinal phenotype. METHODS We present a method that models longitudinal FEV1 data, collected from 1,041 children with asthma who participated in the Childhood Asthma Management Program. This longitudinal progression model was built using population-based nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with an exponential structure and the determinants of age and height. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We found ethnicity was a key covariate for FEV1 level. Budesonide-treated children with asthma had a slight but significant effect on FEV1 when compared with those treated with placebo or nedocromil (P < 0.001). A genome-wide association study identified seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms nominally associated with longitudinal lung function phenotypes in 581 white Childhood Asthma Management Program subjects (P < 10(-4) in the placebo ["discovery"] and P < 0.05 in the nedocromil treatment ["replication"] group). Using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data, we found that some of the associated variants were in strong enhancer regions in human lung fibroblasts and may affect gene expression in human lung tissue. Genetic mapping restricted to genome-wide enhancer single-nucleotide polymorphisms in lung fibroblasts revealed a highly significant variant (rs6763931; P = 4 × 10(-6); false discovery rate < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study offers a strategy to explore the genetic determinants of longitudinal phenotypes, provide a comprehensive picture of disease pathophysiology, and suggest potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Wu
- Department of Medicine and
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China; and
| | | | - Hae Kyung Im
- Department of Health Studies, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - George L. Clemmer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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237
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Radder JE, Shapiro SD, Berndt A. Personalized medicine for chronic, complex diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an example. Per Med 2014; 11:669-679. [PMID: 29764057 DOI: 10.2217/pme.14.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic, complex diseases represent the majority of healthcare utilization and spending in the USA today. Despite this, therapeutics that account for the heterogeneity of these diseases are lacking, begging for more personalized approaches. Improving our understanding of disease phenotypes through retrospective trials of electronic health record data will enable us to better categorize patients. Increased usage of next-generation sequencing will further our understanding of the genetic variants involved in chronic disease. Utilization of data warehousing will be necessary in order to securely handle, integrate and analyze the large sets of data produced with these methods. Finally, increased use of clinical decision support will enable the return of clinically actionable results that physicians can use to apply these personalized approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah E Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven D Shapiro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Annerose Berndt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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238
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Fogarty MP, Cannon ME, Vadlamudi S, Gaulton KJ, Mohlke KL. Identification of a regulatory variant that binds FOXA1 and FOXA2 at the CDC123/CAMK1D type 2 diabetes GWAS locus. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004633. [PMID: 25211022 PMCID: PMC4161327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the type 2 diabetes loci identified through genome-wide association studies localize to non-protein-coding intronic and intergenic regions and likely contain variants that regulate gene transcription. The CDC123/CAMK1D type 2 diabetes association signal on chromosome 10 spans an intergenic region between CDC123 and CAMK1D and also overlaps the CDC123 3'UTR. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the association signal, we used open chromatin, histone modifications and transcription factor ChIP-seq data sets from type 2 diabetes-relevant cell types to identify SNPs overlapping predicted regulatory regions. Two regions containing type 2 diabetes-associated variants were tested for enhancer activity using luciferase reporter assays. One SNP, rs11257655, displayed allelic differences in transcriptional enhancer activity in 832/13 and MIN6 insulinoma cells as well as in human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The rs11257655 risk allele T showed greater transcriptional activity than the non-risk allele C in all cell types tested. Using electromobility shift and supershift assays we demonstrated that the rs11257655 risk allele showed allele-specific binding to FOXA1 and FOXA2. We validated FOXA1 and FOXA2 enrichment at the rs11257655 risk allele using allele-specific ChIP in human islets. These results suggest that rs11257655 affects transcriptional activity through altered binding of a protein complex that includes FOXA1 and FOXA2, providing a potential molecular mechanism at this GWAS locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie P. Fogarty
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Maren E. Cannon
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Swarooparani Vadlamudi
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kyle J. Gaulton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Parker MM, Foreman MG, Abel HJ, Mathias RA, Hetmanski JB, Crapo JD, Silverman EK, Beaty TH. Admixture mapping identifies a quantitative trait locus associated with FEV1/FVC in the COPDGene Study. Genet Epidemiol 2014; 38:652-9. [PMID: 25112515 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
African Americans are admixed with genetic contributions from European and African ancestral populations. Admixture mapping leverages this information to map genes influencing differential disease risk across populations. We performed admixture and association mapping in 3,300 African American current or former smokers from the COPDGene Study. We analyzed estimated local ancestry and SNP genotype information to identify regions associated with FEV1 /FVC, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity, measured by spirometry performed after bronchodilator administration. Global African ancestry inversely associated with FEV1 /FVC (P = 0.035). Genome-wide admixture analysis, controlling for age, gender, body mass index, current smoking status, pack-years smoked, and four principal components summarizing the genetic background of African Americans in the COPDGene Study, identified a region on chromosome 12q14.1 associated with FEV1 /FVC (P = 2.1 × 10(-6) ) when regressed on local ancestry. Allelic association in this region of chromosome 12 identified an intronic variant in FAM19A2 (rs348644) as associated with FEV1 /FVC (P = 1.76 × 10(-6) ). By combining admixture and association mapping, a marker on chromosome 12q14.1 was identified as being associated with reduced FEV1 /FVC ratio among African Americans in the COPDGene Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Parker
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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240
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Sabater-Lleal M, Mälarstig A, Folkersen L, Soler Artigas M, Baldassarre D, Kavousi M, Almgren P, Veglia F, Brusselle G, Hofman A, Engström G, Franco OH, Melander O, Paulsson-Berne G, Watkins H, Eriksson P, Humphries SE, Tremoli E, de Faire U, Tobin MD, Hamsten A. Common genetic determinants of lung function, subclinical atherosclerosis and risk of coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104082. [PMID: 25093840 PMCID: PMC4122436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) independently associates with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but it has not been fully investigated whether this co-morbidity involves shared pathophysiological mechanisms. To identify potential common pathways across the two diseases, we tested all recently published single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with human lung function (spirometry) for association with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 3,378 subjects with multiple CAD risk factors, and for association with CAD in a case-control study of 5,775 CAD cases and 7,265 controls. SNPs rs2865531, located in the CFDP1 gene, and rs9978142, located in the KCNE2 gene, were significantly associated with CAD. In addition, SNP rs9978142 and SNP rs3995090 located in the HTR4 gene, were associated with average and maximal cIMT measures. Genetic risk scores combining the most robustly spirometry–associated SNPs from the literature were modestly associated with CAD, (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI95) = 1.06 (1.03, 1.09); P-value = 1.5×10−4, per allele). In conclusion, our study suggests that some genetic loci implicated in determining human lung function also influence cIMT and susceptibility to CAD. The present results should help elucidate the molecular underpinnings of the co-morbidity observed across COPD and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Cattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lunds University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Cattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Inspectorate for Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lunds University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lunds University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gabrielle Paulsson-Berne
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Per Eriksson
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steve E. Humphries
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Cattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Miljković A, Stipčić A, Braš M, Dorđević V, Brajković L, Hayward C, Pavić A, Kolčić I, Polašek O. Is experimentally induced pain associated with socioeconomic status? Do poor people hurt more? Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:1232-8. [PMID: 25029965 PMCID: PMC4111652 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of pain and socioeconomic status is widely reported, yet much less clearly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of experimentally induced pain threshold and tolerance with socioeconomic status. Material/Methods The study sample consisted of 319 adult subjects from the population of the island of Vis, Croatia, which was previously shown to have a high level of social homogeneity. A manual dolorimeter was used to measure mechanical pressure pain threshold (least stimulus intensity) and pain tolerance (maximum tolerance stimulus intensity) on both hands. Pain tolerance interval was defined as the difference between pain tolerance and threshold. Years of schooling and material status were used as socioeconomic estimates. Results Both of the socioeconomic estimates were significantly correlated with pain threshold, tolerance, and tolerance interval (P<0.001). The mixed modeling analysis, controlled for the effects of age, gender, and 4 psychological variables, indicated that education was not a significant predictor in any of the 3 models. However, lower material status was significantly associated with lower pain tolerance (P=0.038) and narrower pain tolerance interval (P=0.032), but not with pain threshold (P=0.506). The overall percentages of explained variance were lower in the tolerance interval model (20.2%) than in pain tolerance (23.1%) and threshold (33.1%), suggesting the increasing share of other confounding variables in pain tolerance and even more so in tolerance interval model. Conclusions These results suggest a significant association between experimentally induced pain tolerance and tolerance interval with material status, suggesting that poor people indeed do hurt more.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Stipčić
- University Department for Health Care Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Braš
- Centre for Palliative Medicine, Medical Ethics and Communication Skills, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Veljko Dorđević
- Centre for Palliative Medicine, Medical Ethics and Communication Skills, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovorka Brajković
- Centre for Palliative Medicine, Medical Ethics and Communication Skills, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Arsen Pavić
- Surgery Clinic, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Medical School, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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Smolonska J, Koppelman GH, Wijmenga C, Vonk JM, Zanen P, Bruinenberg M, Curjuric I, Imboden M, Thun GA, Franke L, Probst-Hensch NM, Nürnberg P, Riemersma RA, van Schayck CP, Loth DW, Brusselle GG, Stricker BH, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Lahousse L, London SJ, Loehr LR, Manichaikul A, Barr RG, Donohue KM, Rich SS, Pare P, Bossé Y, Hao K, van den Berge M, Groen HJM, Lammers JWJ, Mali W, Boezen HM, Postma DS. Common genes underlying asthma and COPD? Genome-wide analysis on the Dutch hypothesis. Eur Respir J 2014; 44:860-72. [PMID: 24993907 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00001914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are thought to share a genetic background ("Dutch hypothesis"). We investigated whether asthma and COPD have common underlying genetic factors, performing genome-wide association studies for both asthma and COPD and combining the results in meta-analyses. Three loci showed potential involvement in both diseases: chr2p24.3, chr5q23.1 and chr13q14.2, containing DDX1, COMMD10 (both participating in the nuclear factor (NF) κβ pathway) and GNG5P5, respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9534578 in GNG5P5 reached genome-wide significance after first replication phase (p=9.96×10(-9)). The second replication phase, in seven independent cohorts, provided no significant replication. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis in blood cells and lung tissue on the top 20 associated SNPs identified two SNPs in COMMD10 that influenced gene expression. Inflammatory processes differ in asthma and COPD and are mediated by NF-κβ, which could be driven by the same underlying genes, COMMD10 and DDX1. None of the SNPs reached genome-wide significance. Our eQTL studies support a functional role for two COMMD10 SNPs, since they influence gene expression in both blood cells and lung tissue. Our findings suggest that there is either no common genetic component in asthma and COPD or, alternatively, different environmental factors, e.g. lifestyle and occupation in different countries and continents, which may have obscured the genetic common contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Smolonska
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Zanen
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Bruinenberg
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Curjuric
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Andri Thun
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lude Franke
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Probst-Hensch
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland A Riemersma
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daan W Loth
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Guy G Brusselle
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, The Netherlands Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie J London
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Dept of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Dept of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen M Donohue
- Dept of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Peter Pare
- Respiratory Division, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia James Hogg Research Centre, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie De Québec, Dept of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ke Hao
- Dept of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem J Lammers
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Mali
- Dept of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tang W, Kowgier M, Loth DW, Soler Artigas M, Joubert BR, Hodge E, Gharib SA, Smith AV, Ruczinski I, Gudnason V, Mathias RA, Harris TB, Hansel NN, Launer LJ, Barnes KC, Hansen JG, Albrecht E, Aldrich MC, Allerhand M, Barr RG, Brusselle GG, Couper DJ, Curjuric I, Davies G, Deary IJ, Dupuis J, Fall T, Foy M, Franceschini N, Gao W, Gläser S, Gu X, Hancock DB, Heinrich J, Hofman A, Imboden M, Ingelsson E, James A, Karrasch S, Koch B, Kritchevsky SB, Kumar A, Lahousse L, Li G, Lind L, Lindgren C, Liu Y, Lohman K, Lumley T, McArdle WL, Meibohm B, Morris AP, Morrison AC, Musk B, North KE, Palmer LJ, Probst-Hensch NM, Psaty BM, Rivadeneira F, Rotter JI, Schulz H, Smith LJ, Sood A, Starr JM, Strachan DP, Teumer A, Uitterlinden AG, Völzke H, Voorman A, Wain LV, Wells MT, Wilk JB, Williams OD, Heckbert SR, Stricker BH, London SJ, Fornage M, Tobin MD, O′Connor GT, Hall IP, Cassano PA. Large-scale genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses of longitudinal change in adult lung function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100776. [PMID: 24983941 PMCID: PMC4077649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous loci influencing cross-sectional lung function, but less is known about genes influencing longitudinal change in lung function. METHODS We performed GWAS of the rate of change in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in 14 longitudinal, population-based cohort studies comprising 27,249 adults of European ancestry using linear mixed effects model and combined cohort-specific results using fixed effect meta-analysis to identify novel genetic loci associated with longitudinal change in lung function. Gene expression analyses were subsequently performed for identified genetic loci. As a secondary aim, we estimated the mean rate of decline in FEV1 by smoking pattern, irrespective of genotypes, across these 14 studies using meta-analysis. RESULTS The overall meta-analysis produced suggestive evidence for association at the novel IL16/STARD5/TMC3 locus on chromosome 15 (P = 5.71 × 10(-7)). In addition, meta-analysis using the five cohorts with ≥3 FEV1 measurements per participant identified the novel ME3 locus on chromosome 11 (P = 2.18 × 10(-8)) at genome-wide significance. Neither locus was associated with FEV1 decline in two additional cohort studies. We confirmed gene expression of IL16, STARD5, and ME3 in multiple lung tissues. Publicly available microarray data confirmed differential expression of all three genes in lung samples from COPD patients compared with controls. Irrespective of genotypes, the combined estimate for FEV1 decline was 26.9, 29.2 and 35.7 mL/year in never, former, and persistent smokers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this large-scale GWAS, we identified two novel genetic loci in association with the rate of change in FEV1 that harbor candidate genes with biologically plausible functional links to lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Tang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew Kowgier
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research and Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daan W. Loth
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - María Soler Artigas
- University of Leicester, Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Bonnie R. Joubert
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emily Hodge
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nadia N. Hansel
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kathleen C. Barnes
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joyanna G. Hansen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael Allerhand
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R. Graham Barr
- Division of General Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Guy G. Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- 22 Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Ivan Curjuric
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Molecular Medicine Centre and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Biostatistics Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Millennia Foy
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wei Gao
- Biostatistics Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sven Gläser
- Department of Internal Medicine B; Pneumology, Cardiology, Intensive Care Medicine; Field of Research: Pneumology and Pneumological Epidemiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dana B. Hancock
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Behavioral Health Epidemiology Program, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany and Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alan James
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Beate Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine B; Pneumology, Cardiology, Intensive Care Medicine; Field of Research: Pneumology and Pneumological Epidemiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guo Li
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wendy L. McArdle
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Meibohm
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bill Musk
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kari E. North
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lyle J. Palmer
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research and Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Epidemiology and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole M. Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany and Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Lewis J. Smith
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Akshay Sood
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David P. Strachan
- Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health In Pomerania (SHIP)/Clinical Epidemiological Research, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Arend Voorman
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Louise V. Wain
- University of Leicester, Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin T. Wells
- Department of Statistical Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jemma B. Wilk
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - O. Dale Williams
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Bruno H. Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie J. London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- University of Leicester, Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - George T. O′Connor
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ian P. Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A. Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Health Care Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
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Chu M, Ji X, Chen W, Zhang R, Sun C, Wang T, Luo C, Gong J, Zhu M, Fan J, Hou Z, Dai J, Jin G, Wu T, Chen F, Hu Z, Ni C, Shen H. A genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci of silica-related pneumoconiosis in Han Chinese. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6385-94. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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245
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Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity. Nat Genet 2014; 46:669-77. [PMID: 24929828 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Forced vital capacity (FVC), a spirometric measure of pulmonary function, reflects lung volume and is used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases. We performed genome-wide association study meta-analysis of FVC in 52,253 individuals from 26 studies and followed up the top associations in 32,917 additional individuals of European ancestry. We found six new regions associated at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)) with FVC in or near EFEMP1, BMP6, MIR129-2-HSD17B12, PRDM11, WWOX and KCNJ2. Two loci previously associated with spirometric measures (GSTCD and PTCH1) were related to FVC. Newly implicated regions were followed up in samples from African-American, Korean, Chinese and Hispanic individuals. We detected transcripts for all six newly implicated genes in human lung tissue. The new loci may inform mechanisms involved in lung development and the pathogenesis of restrictive lung disease.
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246
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Au Yeung SL, Jiang C, Cheng KK, Adab P, Lam KB, Liu B, Zhang W, Lam TH, Leung GM, Schooling CM. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2-a potential genetic risk factor for lung function among southern Chinese: evidence from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Ann Epidemiol 2014; 24:606-11. [PMID: 25084704 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In Asia, moderate alcohol users have better lung function. Never users have more inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) alleles (A) potentially generating confounding because inactive alleles may increase acetaldehyde exposure and reduce lung function. METHODS We examined the association of ALDH2 genotypes with percentage predicted lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second; forced vital capacity) for age, sex, and height among 5641 older Chinese using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS ALDH2 genotypes were associated with alcohol use and height but not other attributes. Inactive alleles were inversely associated with lung function (percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second -1.52%, 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.52% to -0.51% for one inactive allele and -2.05%, 95% CI, -3.85% to -0.26% for two inactive alleles compared with two active alleles; and for percentage predicted forced vital capacity -1.25%, 95% CI -2.15% to -0.35% and -1.65%, 95% CI, -3.25% to -0.04%). The association of moderate use with lung function was attenuated after adjusting for ALDH2, in addition to other potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Previous findings in Chinese may be confounded by ALDH2. High frequency of inactive ALDH2 alleles in East Asia may exacerbate the effect of environmental acetaldehyde exposure on lung function and potentially on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu Lun Au Yeung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Kar Keung Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peymane Adab
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kin Bong Lam
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangzhou No. 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weisen Zhang
- Guangzhou No. 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Gabriel Matthew Leung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Catherine Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; CUNY School of Public Health, Hunter College, New York, NY
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247
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London SJ, Gao W, Gharib SA, Hancock DB, Wilk JB, House JS, Gibbs RA, Muzny DM, Lumley T, Franceschini N, North KE, Psaty BM, Kovar CL, Coresh J, Zhou Y, Heckbert SR, Brody JA, Morrison AC, Dupuis J. ADAM19 and HTR4 variants and pulmonary function: Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium Targeted Sequencing Study. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2014; 7:350-8. [PMID: 24951661 PMCID: PMC4136502 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pulmonary function measures of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and its ratio to forced vital capacity (FVC) are used in the diagnosis and monitoring of lung diseases and predict cardiovascular mortality in the general population. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous loci associated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, but the causal variants remain uncertain. We hypothesized that novel or rare variants poorly tagged by GWASs may explain the significant associations between FEV1/FVC and 2 genes: ADAM19 and HTR4. METHODS AND RESULTS We sequenced ADAM19 and its promoter region along with the ≈21-kb portion of HTR4 harboring GWAS single-nucleotide polymorphisms for pulmonary function and analyzed associations with FEV1/FVC among 3983 participants of European ancestry from Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. Meta-analysis of common variants in each region identified statistically significant associations (316 tests; P<1.58×10(-4)) with FEV1/FVC for 14 ADAM19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 24 HTR4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. After conditioning on the sentinel GWASs hit in each gene (ADAM19 rs1422795, minor allele frequency=0.33 and HTR4 rs11168048, minor allele frequency=0.40], 1 single-nucleotide polymorphism remained statistically significant (ADAM19 rs13155908, minor allele frequency=0.12; P=1.56×10(-4)). Analysis of rare variants (minor allele frequency <1%) using sequence kernel association test did not identify associations with either region. CONCLUSIONS Sequencing identified 1 common variant associated with FEV1/FVC independent of the sentinel ADAM19 GWAS hit and supports the original HTR4 GWAS findings. Rare variants do not seem to underlie GWAS associations with pulmonary function for common variants in ADAM19 and HTR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Wei Gao
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Dana B. Hancock
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
- Behavioral Health Epidemiology Program, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Jemma B. Wilk
- Precision Medicine, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, MA
| | - John S. House
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Donna M. Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Dept of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kari E. North
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Dept of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - Christie L. Kovar
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Josef Coresh
- Dept of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore MD
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center; School of Public Health; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Chasman DI, Anttila V, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Schürks M, Kurth T. Selectivity in genetic association with sub-classified migraine in women. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004366. [PMID: 24852292 PMCID: PMC4031047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine can be sub-classified not only according to presence of migraine aura (MA) or absence of migraine aura (MO), but also by additional features accompanying migraine attacks, e.g. photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, etc. all of which are formally recognized by the International Classification of Headache Disorders. It remains unclear how aura status and the other migraine features may be related to underlying migraine pathophysiology. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 12 independent loci at which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with migraine. Using a likelihood framework, we explored the selective association of these SNPs with migraine, sub-classified according to aura status and the other features in a large population-based cohort of women including 3,003 active migraineurs and 18,108 free of migraine. Five loci met stringent significance for association with migraine, among which four were selective for sub-classified migraine, including rs11172113 (LRP1) for MO. The number of loci associated with migraine increased to 11 at suggestive significance thresholds, including five additional selective associations for MO but none for MA. No two SNPs showed similar patterns of selective association with migraine characteristics. At one extreme, SNPs rs6790925 (near TGFBR2) and rs2274316 (MEF2D) were not associated with migraine overall, MA, or MO but were selective for migraine sub-classified by the presence of one or more of the additional migraine features. In contrast, SNP rs7577262 (TRPM8) was associated with migraine overall and showed little or no selectivity for any of the migraine characteristics. The results emphasize the multivalent nature of migraine pathophysiology and suggest that a complete understanding of the genetic influence on migraine may benefit from analyses that stratify migraine according to both aura status and the additional diagnostic features used for clinical characterization of migraine. Migraine is among the most common and debilitating neurological disorders. Diagnostic criteria for migraine recognize a variety of symptoms including a primary dichotomous classification for the presence or absence of aura, typically a visual disturbance phenomenon, as well as others such as sensitivity to light or sound, and nausea, etc. We explored whether any of 12 recently discovered genetic variants associated with common migraine might have selective association for migraine sub-classified by aura status or nine additional migraine features in a population of middle-aged women including 3,003 migraineurs and 18,180 non-migraineurs. Five of the 12 genetic variants met the most stringent significance criterion for association with migraine, among which four had selective association with sub-classified migraine, including one that was selective for migraine without aura. At suggestive significance, all of the remaining genetic variants were selective for sub-classifications of migraine although no two variants showed the same pattern of selectivity. The selectivity patterns suggest very different contributions to migraine pathophysiology among the 12 loci and their implicated genes. Further, the results suggest that future discovery efforts for new migraine susceptibility loci would benefit by considering associations with sub-classified migraine toward the ultimate goals of more specific diagnosis and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Verneri Anttila
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julie E. Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Markus Schürks
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Inserm Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (U897) - Team Neuroepidemiology, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, College of Health Sciences, Bordeaux, France
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249
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Kreiner-Møller E, Bisgaard H, Bønnelykke K. Prenatal and postnatal genetic influence on lung function development. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:1036-42.e15. [PMID: 24857373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown to what extent adult lung function genes affect lung function development from birth to childhood. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the association of candidate genetic variants with neonatal lung function and lung function development until age 7 years. METHODS Lung function measurement by means of spirometry with the raised-volume thoracoabdominal compression technique and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine challenge were assessed in 411 high-risk newborns from the Copenhagen Prospective Study on Asthma in Childhood 2000 (COPSAC2000) cohort. Measures were repeated at age 7 years. Genetic risk scores were calculated based on reported single nucleotide polymorphisms for adult lung function (FEV1/forced expiratory vital capacity [FVC] ratio and FEV1) as the number of risk alleles weighted on known effect size. These genetic risk scores were analyzed against lung function measures as z scores at birth (forced expiratory volume in 0.5 seconds [FEV0.5], forced expiratory flow at 50% of functional vital capacity [FEF50], and provocative dose of methacholine causing a 15% decrease in lung function [PD15]) and at age 7 years (FEV1, FEF50, and provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% decrease in lung function [PD20]) and with development from birth to age 7 years (FEV0.5/1, FEF50, and PD15/20). RESULTS The genetic risk scores were not associated with lung function measures at age 1 month, but the FEV1/FVC genetic risk score was associated with reduced FEF50 values at age 7 years (P = .01) and similarly with reduced growth in FEF50 from birth to age 7 years (P = .02). This score was also associated with increased bronchial responsiveness (reduced PD20) at age 7 years (P = .02) and change in responsiveness from birth to age 7 years (P = .05). CONCLUSION Lung function genetic variants identified in adults were not associated with neonatal lung function or bronchial responsiveness but with the development of these lung function measures during early childhood, suggesting a window of opportunity for interventions targeting these genetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskil Kreiner-Møller
- COPSAC, the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, and the Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, and the Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, and the Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
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250
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Hardin M, Silverman EK. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Genetics: A Review of the Past and a Look Into the Future. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2014; 1:33-46. [PMID: 28848809 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.1.1.2014.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 10 million Americans.1 This complex disorder demonstrates many different presentations in a wide variety of patients, and results from a combination of environmental exposures and genetic risk factors. Smoking alone does not result in COPD: not all smokers develop COPD and lung function decline among smokers is highly variable. There is growing evidence for genetic risk factors for COPD: early familial aggregation and linkage analysis studies strongly suggested genetic contributions to COPD, and recent genome-wide association studies have identified several genomic regions that are clearly related to COPD susceptibility. However, despite recent advances in COPD genetics, much of the heritability of COPD remains unexplained, and functional studies are only beginning to elucidate a role for the genetic associations that have been identified. Despite this, the future is bright for understanding the genetics of COPD. Improvements in COPD phenotyping, collaborations among COPD study cohorts, and novel integrative approaches to identifying genetic markers all promise to unravel much of this missing heritability and ultimately lead to improvements in our understanding of COPD susceptibility and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hardin
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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